{"id":87,"date":"2010-03-14T05:19:40","date_gmt":"2010-03-14T10:19:40","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=87"},"modified":"2010-03-14T05:19:40","modified_gmt":"2010-03-14T10:19:40","slug":"ohannes-muhendisyan","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/turkish\/2010\/03\/14\/ohannes-muhendisyan\/","title":{"rendered":"Ohannes M\u00fchendisyan"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><a rel=\"attachment wp-att-90\" href=\"http:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/2010\/03\/14\/ohannes-muhendisyan\/%d5%b0%d5%b8%d5%be%d5%b0%d5%a1%d5%b6%d5%b6%d5%a5%d5%bd-%d5%b4%d5%b5%d5%b8%d6%82%d5%b0%d5%a5%d5%b6%d5%a4%d5%ab%d5%bd%d5%b5%d5%a1%d5%b6\/\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft size-full wp-image-90\" title=\"\u0540\u0578\u057e\u0570\u0561\u0576\u0576\u0565\u057d \u0544\u0575\u0578\u0582\u0570\u0565\u0576\u0564\u056b\u057d\u0575\u0561\u0576\" src=\"http:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2010\/03\/\u0540\u0578\u057e\u0570\u0561\u0576\u0576\u0565\u057d-\u0544\u0575\u0578\u0582\u0570\u0565\u0576\u0564\u056b\u057d\u0575\u0561\u0576.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"182\" height=\"244\" \/><\/a>1810 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u0130stanbul&#8217;da do\u011fan ve 1891 y\u0131l\u0131nda yine \u0130stanbul&#8217;da \u00f6len Ermeni as\u0131ll\u0131 matbaac\u0131 Ohannes M\u00fchendisyan, M\u00fchendishane-i Bahri-i H\u00fcmayun m\u00fcderrislerinden M\u00fchendis Kevork&#8217;un o\u011fludur. 1825 y\u0131l\u0131nda Samatya Ermeni mektebinden mezun olduktan sonra, babas\u0131 Kevork Bey&#8217;den \u00f6zel dersler ald\u0131. Ayn\u0131 zamanda, \u00fcnl\u00fc m\u00fczisyen Hampartzum Limonciyan&#8217;\u0131n \u00f6\u011frencisi oldu. Bunun d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda yine \u0130talyan as\u0131ll\u0131 bir piyanistten de piyano dersleri almay\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrd\u00fc.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">1839 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u015fair Ha\u00e7adur Misakyan&#8217;\u0131n tavsiyesi \u00fczerine matbaac\u0131l\u0131k i\u015fiyle u\u011fra\u015fmaya ba\u015flad\u0131. \u00c7e\u015fitli alanlardaki ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131 ve mahareti dolay\u0131s\u0131yla bir s\u00fcre sonra &#8220;hezarfen&#8221; ad\u0131yla an\u0131lmaya ba\u015fland\u0131. Kuyumculuk i\u015finde de ba\u015far\u0131 g\u00f6sterdi ve usta bir sadek\u00e2r oldu.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">Ayn\u0131 y\u0131l onun ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda \u00dcsk\u00fcdar&#8217;daki Cemaran adl\u0131 yat\u0131l\u0131 y\u00fcksek Ermeni mektebinde bir matbaa kuruldu. 1843 y\u0131l\u0131nda Takvimhane-i Amire M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc&#8217;nden &#8220;ta&#8217;lik&#8221; harflerin d\u00f6k\u00fcm\u00fc i\u00e7in kendisine teklif yap\u0131ld\u0131. Bunun \u00fczerine matbaas\u0131n\u0131 \u00c7ukur\u00e7e\u015fme Han\u0131&#8217;na nakletti. 1846 y\u0131l\u0131nda Ermeni harflerinin d\u00f6k\u00fcm\u00fc i\u00e7in bir makine icat etti.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">K\u0131sa s\u00fcrede yeni matbaas\u0131n\u0131n noksanlar\u0131n\u0131 tamamlayarak Risale-i \u0130tikadiye ad\u0131nda T\u00fcrk\u00e7e bir risale bast\u0131. 1841 y\u0131l\u0131nda &#8220;Kaime-i Mutebere-i Osmaniye&#8221; ad\u0131 ile ilk banknotlar\u0131 basan Rapayel Kazanciyan&#8217;\u0131n bask\u0131s\u0131 kaba oldu\u011fundan taklitleri piyasaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in, M\u00fchendisyan, 1844 y\u0131l\u0131nda Darphane&#8217;ye davet edilerek, \u00f6nce 5.000, sonra da 1.000, 500 ve 250 kuru\u015fluk &#8220;faizli&#8221; denilen kaimelerin bask\u0131s\u0131 uhdesine verildi Ayn\u0131 zamanda, 1857 sonlar\u0131nda tedav\u00fcle \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lan 1.000 ve 100 liral\u0131k &#8220;tahvilat-\u0131 m\u00fcmtaze&#8221;leri de basm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu s\u0131ralarda matbaas\u0131 Amerika&#8217;dan getirtilen 3 adet yeni icat edilmi\u015f demir ve 5 adet de litograf presle takviye edildi.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">26 May\u0131s 1856 y\u0131l\u0131nda Mihran Bey D\u00fczyan&#8217;\u0131n eseri olan Osmanl\u0131 konsolidinin bas\u0131m\u0131na ba\u015flad\u0131. Bu meyanda epeyce teknik zorluklarla kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131. 9 Temmuz 1856 y\u0131l\u0131nda Galata&#8217;daki Surp Kirkor Lusavori\u00e7 Kilisesi&#8217;nin kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda kagir bir matbaa binas\u0131 in\u015fa etmeye ba\u015flad\u0131. 1860 y\u0131l\u0131ndan itibaren kaimeler tedav\u00fclden kald\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan maddi s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131larla kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131.\u00a0 1865 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u0130stanbul&#8217;a gelen Kud\u00fcs Ermeni Patri\u011fi Esayi Ba\u015fpiskopos Garabetyan, patrikhanesinde bir harf d\u00f6k\u00fcmhanesi kurmak i\u00e7in matbaas\u0131n\u0131n matrislerini sat\u0131n ald\u0131.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">Ermeni harfli matbaas\u0131n\u0131n da\u011f\u0131lmas\u0131ndan sonra \u00fcnl\u00fc hattat Kazasker Mustafa \u0130zzet Efendi&#8217;den &#8220;nesih&#8221; harf numuneleri temin edip \u00e7elik harf kal\u0131plar\u0131n\u0131n d\u00f6k\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirdi. Bu harflerle bast\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve g\u00fcn\u00fcn sadrazam\u0131na takdim etti\u011fi bir \u015fiir onun y\u00fcksek takdirine mazhar olup, kendisine &#8220;millet\u00e7e size m\u00fcte\u015fekkir olmal\u0131y\u0131z&#8221; demi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">Bu s\u0131ralarda Kad\u0131k\u00f6y&#8217;deki evinin bah\u00e7esinde bir d\u00f6k\u00fcmhane de in\u015fa etti. K\u0131sa s\u00fcre sonra &#8220;varaka-y\u0131 sahiha&#8221; ad\u0131n\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131yan pullar\u0131n nefis bask\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 ba\u015fard\u0131. 1886 y\u0131l\u0131nda 16 punto &#8220;nesih&#8221; harfleri haz\u0131rlad\u0131. 1889 y\u0131l\u0131nda ise 6 puntoluk &#8220;nesih&#8221; harflerin d\u00f6k\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc yapt\u0131. 1888 y\u0131l\u0131nda haz\u0131rlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 b\u00fct\u00fcn harflerin nefis bir alb\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc Maliye Naz\u0131r\u0131 Mahmud Celaleddin Pa\u015fa&#8217;n\u0131n eliyle II. Abd\u00fclhamid&#8217;e sundu. Padi\u015fah da M\u00fchendisyan&#8217;\u0131 d\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc s\u0131n\u0131f Mecidi ni\u015fan\u0131 ve Sanayi-i Nefise madalyas\u0131 ile \u015fereflendirildi.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">1882-1883 y\u0131l\u0131nda, Kirkor Rapayelyan&#8217;la birlikte, Beyo\u011flu&#8217;ndaki evinde de bir d\u00f6k\u00fcmhane i\u015fletti. \u00d6l\u00fcm\u00fcnden birka\u00e7 g\u00fcn evvel \u015faheseri olan &#8220;r\u0131k&#8217;a&#8221; harflerinin d\u00f6k\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc de tamamlad\u0131. M\u00fchendisyan&#8217;\u0131n gayretleri ile matbaac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n galvano-stereotip ve \u00e7ingograf dallar\u0131 T\u00fcrkiye&#8217;de de ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.minidev.com\/kulturler\/kulturler_ermeni_mimar13.asp\">http:\/\/www.minidev.com\/kulturler\/kulturler_ermeni_mimar13.asp<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>1810 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u0130stanbul&#8217;da do\u011fan ve 1891 y\u0131l\u0131nda yine \u0130stanbul&#8217;da \u00f6len Ermeni as\u0131ll\u0131 matbaac\u0131 Ohannes M\u00fchendisyan, M\u00fchendishane-i Bahri-i H\u00fcmayun m\u00fcderrislerinden M\u00fchendis Kevork&#8217;un o\u011fludur. 1825 y\u0131l\u0131nda Samatya Ermeni mektebinden mezun olduktan sonra, babas\u0131 Kevork Bey&#8217;den \u00f6zel dersler ald\u0131. Ayn\u0131 zamanda, \u00fcnl\u00fc m\u00fczisyen Hampartzum Limonciyan&#8217;\u0131n \u00f6\u011frencisi oldu. Bunun d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda yine \u0130talyan as\u0131ll\u0131 bir piyanistten de piyano dersleri almay\u0131 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[44],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-87","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-unluler"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.6 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Ohannes M\u00fchendisyan - Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/akunq.net\/turkish\/2010\/03\/14\/ohannes-muhendisyan\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Ohannes M\u00fchendisyan - Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"1810 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u0130stanbul&#8217;da do\u011fan ve 1891 y\u0131l\u0131nda yine \u0130stanbul&#8217;da \u00f6len Ermeni as\u0131ll\u0131 matbaac\u0131 Ohannes M\u00fchendisyan, M\u00fchendishane-i Bahri-i H\u00fcmayun m\u00fcderrislerinden M\u00fchendis Kevork&#8217;un o\u011fludur. 1825 y\u0131l\u0131nda Samatya Ermeni mektebinden mezun olduktan sonra, babas\u0131 Kevork Bey&#8217;den \u00f6zel dersler ald\u0131. 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Bunun d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda yine \u0130talyan as\u0131ll\u0131 bir piyanistten de piyano dersleri almay\u0131 [&hellip;]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/akunq.net\/turkish\/2010\/03\/14\/ohannes-muhendisyan\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2010-03-14T10:19:40+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"kalem\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"kalem\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"3 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/akunq.net\/turkish\/2010\/03\/14\/ohannes-muhendisyan\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/akunq.net\/turkish\/2010\/03\/14\/ohannes-muhendisyan\/\",\"name\":\"Ohannes M\u00fchendisyan - Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/akunq.net\/turkish\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2010-03-14T10:19:40+00:00\",\"author\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/akunq.net\/turkish\/#\/schema\/person\/135e7923d1aeb8887890799619969a6c\"},\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/akunq.net\/turkish\/2010\/03\/14\/ohannes-muhendisyan\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/akunq.net\/turkish\/2010\/03\/14\/ohannes-muhendisyan\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/akunq.net\/turkish\/2010\/03\/14\/ohannes-muhendisyan\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/akunq.net\/turkish\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Ohannes M\u00fchendisyan\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/akunq.net\/turkish\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/akunq.net\/turkish\/\",\"name\":\"Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi\",\"description\":\"\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/akunq.net\/turkish\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/akunq.net\/turkish\/#\/schema\/person\/135e7923d1aeb8887890799619969a6c\",\"name\":\"kalem\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/akunq.net\/turkish\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/a06875e4b25feb5674296adf8e8a7ae1e587cebce2493fe63c456109967e27d3?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/a06875e4b25feb5674296adf8e8a7ae1e587cebce2493fe63c456109967e27d3?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"kalem\"},\"url\":\"https:\/\/akunq.net\/turkish\/author\/kalem\/\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Ohannes M\u00fchendisyan - Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/turkish\/2010\/03\/14\/ohannes-muhendisyan\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"Ohannes M\u00fchendisyan - Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi","og_description":"1810 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u0130stanbul&#8217;da do\u011fan ve 1891 y\u0131l\u0131nda yine \u0130stanbul&#8217;da \u00f6len Ermeni as\u0131ll\u0131 matbaac\u0131 Ohannes M\u00fchendisyan, M\u00fchendishane-i Bahri-i H\u00fcmayun m\u00fcderrislerinden M\u00fchendis Kevork&#8217;un o\u011fludur. 1825 y\u0131l\u0131nda Samatya Ermeni mektebinden mezun olduktan sonra, babas\u0131 Kevork Bey&#8217;den \u00f6zel dersler ald\u0131. 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