{"id":8356,"date":"2011-09-15T02:38:42","date_gmt":"2011-09-15T07:38:42","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=8356"},"modified":"2011-09-15T02:38:42","modified_gmt":"2011-09-15T07:38:42","slug":"bir-zamanlar-bitlis-ermenileri","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/turkish\/2011\/09\/15\/bir-zamanlar-bitlis-ermenileri\/","title":{"rendered":"Bir Zamanlar Bitlis Ermenileri\u2026"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n

Hi\u015fyar Barzan \u015eerefhano\u011flu<\/strong><\/p>\n

Bitlis \u0130ktidar g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc elinde bulunduranlar\u0131n ekonomik h\u0131rslar\u0131n\u0131n bir halk\u0131 nas\u0131l toptan yok etmeye ad\u0131m ad\u0131m g\u00f6t\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn tarihteki ilk belirgin \u00f6rne\u011fi olan 1915 Ermeni katliam\u0131, neredeyse bir asr\u0131 geride b\u0131rakacak. Katliam, s\u00fcrekli bir etnik mesele olarak alg\u0131lansa da o g\u00fcnden bu yana ya\u015fananlar a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a g\u00f6steriyor ki Ermeni meselesi, anlat\u0131lan\u0131n aksine bir Ermeni-M\u00fcsl\u00fcman \u00e7eki\u015fmesinden \u00f6te, y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ilk en b\u00fcy\u00fck ekonomik kavgas\u0131d\u0131r. Konuyla ilgili ara\u015ft\u0131rma haberimizde katliam\u0131n en yo\u011fun ya\u015fand\u0131\u011f\u0131 kentlerden biri olan Bitlis\u2019i ele ald\u0131k. Bitlis ve il\u00e7elerinde s\u00fcr\u00fclen ve katledilen Ermenilerin mallar\u0131n\u0131n devlet b\u00fcrokrasisi taraf\u0131ndan \u00e7e\u015fitli entrikalar ve oyunlarla, \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lan garip kanunlarla nas\u0131l talan edildi\u011fini inceledik\u2026
\nHer kentin, her kasaban\u0131n, her k\u00f6y\u00fcn ve T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de ya\u015fayan istisnas\u0131z herkesin anlataca\u011f\u0131 bir Ermeni hikayesi vard\u0131r. \u2018Ermeni\u2019 kelimesi, resmi tarih ve devlet yetkililerinin ajandas\u0131nda \u2018s\u00f6zde soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u2019 ve \u2018diaspora hayalleri\u2019 c\u00fcmlelerinde s\u0131k\u00e7a kullan\u0131l\u0131yor olsa da, \u2018Ermeni\u2019 kelimesinin halk aras\u0131ndaki kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n asgari objektifli\u011fe sahip oldu\u011fu s\u00f6ylenebilir. Birka\u00e7 ki\u015finin bir araya gelerek ba\u015flatt\u0131\u011f\u0131 konu\u015fmalarda ba\u015fta \u201cErmeni kom\u015fular\u201d ve onlar\u0131n g\u00fcnl\u00fck hayatlar\u0131n\u0131n bizlere ne kadar benzedi\u011fi gibi insanc\u0131l ve k\u0131smen \u00f6zlem dolu c\u00fcmleler kullan\u0131l\u0131rken, hemen sonras\u0131nda konu\u015fman\u0131n y\u00f6n\u00fc Ermeni mallar\u0131na ve define merak\u0131na d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcveriyor.
\nErmeni kelimesini duydu\u011funda define merak\u0131yla elleri kazma-k\u00fcrek sap\u0131na giden bizler, Ermenilerin varl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n zorba bir \u015fekilde bizlerin varl\u0131klar\u0131na arma\u011fan ettirildi\u011finin fark\u0131nda m\u0131y\u0131z? Akl\u0131m\u0131zdaki Ermeni kavram\u0131n\u0131n salt onlar\u0131n mal\u0131 ve m\u00fclk\u00fc \u00fczerinde kurulu olmas\u0131 garipli\u011fini de bir kenara b\u0131rakarak, bug\u00fcne de\u011fin Ermenilerden geriye ne kald\u0131\u011f\u0131 sorusunu dahi kendimize y\u00f6neltmiyoruz. Binlerce y\u0131ld\u0131r bu co\u011frafyada ya\u015fayan, k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc \u015fekillendiren bir halktan geriye \u201cErmeni\u201d denilebilecek bir tek dikili ta\u015f\u0131n dahi b\u0131rak\u0131lmam\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131 neyin gayretidir? Bu sorunun cevab\u0131 gayet basit; Binlerce y\u0131ld\u0131r Ermeni olan her \u015fey, bir gecede M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ve T\u00fcrkle\u015ftirilmi\u015ftir.
\nERMEN\u0130 D\u00dc\u015eMANLI\u011eI TEMEL DEVLET H\u0130ZMET\u0130!<\/strong>
\nErmenileri ve onlara ait olan her \u015feyi silmek, devlet g\u00f6revlileri ve yerel b\u00fcrokratlar\u0131n temel g\u00f6revlerinden biri olmu\u015f durumda. Her ne kadar g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde bu topraklarda Ermeniler ya\u015fam\u0131yor olsa da, bir zamanlar ya\u015fad\u0131klar\u0131 ger\u00e7e\u011fini toplumdan saklamak da sad\u0131k devlet memurlar\u0131n\u0131n temel devlet hizmeti olmu\u015ftur. Bu kapsamda Ermenilerden kalan gayrimenkullerin \u00e7o\u011fu Emval-i Metruke kanunuyla gasp edilerek, ki\u015filere da\u011f\u0131t\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, as\u0131l sahipleri olan ve devlet eliyle zorla s\u00fcr\u00fclen ki\u015filer mant\u0131\u011fa ayk\u0131r\u0131 bir \u015fekilde \u201cfirari e\u015fhas\u201d say\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, da\u011f\u0131t\u0131lamayan gayrimenkuller ise kaderine terk edilmi\u015ftir. Bu gayrimenkullerden kiliseler \u00e7o\u011funlukla ah\u0131r ya da saman deposu olarak g\u00f6revlerini tamamlamalar\u0131n\u0131n ard\u0131ndan, tarihten silinmek \u00fczere ta\u015flar\u0131 ya bina yap\u0131m\u0131nda kullan\u0131lmak \u00fczere s\u00f6k\u00fclmekte, ya da do\u011fan\u0131n insaf\u0131na terk edilmektedirler.
\nMEZAR TA\u015eLARI DEL\u0130L OLAB\u0130L\u0130R!
\n<\/strong>\"\"<\/a>Kilise ve manast\u0131rlara ek olarak Ermeni mezarl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n durumu da hi\u00e7likle an\u0131l\u0131r durumda. Bu topraklarda ya\u015fananlar\u0131n anlat\u0131lmamas\u0131 i\u00e7in Ermenilerin s\u00fcr\u00fclmeleri, yok edilmeleri yeterli g\u00f6r\u00fclmemi\u015f; mezar ta\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n Ermeni varl\u0131\u011f\u0131na dair delil te\u015fkil etmesinden \u00e7ekinilmi\u015f olacak ki Ermeni mezarl\u0131klar\u0131 da kamunun hizmetine sunuldu.
\nMezarl\u0131klar\u0131n kamu hizmetine sunulmas\u0131na \u00f6rnek verecek olursak; Bitlis bu konuda vicdanlar\u0131n en \u00e7ok yaraland\u0131\u011f\u0131 yerlerin ba\u015f\u0131nda geliyor. Kentteki 4 Ermeni mezarl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan 3\u2019\u00fcn\u00fcn \u00fcst\u00fcnde bug\u00fcn \u00e7e\u015fitli kurumlar\u0131n binalar\u0131 y\u00fckselmekte. Bu mezarl\u0131klardan \u0130n\u00f6n\u00fc Mahallesi\u2019ndeki mezarl\u0131\u011f\u0131n \u00fczerinde Halk E\u011fitim Merkezi bulunurken, mezarl\u0131\u011fa yak\u0131n bir yerde bulunan kilise uzun y\u0131llar cezaevi olarak kullan\u0131ld\u0131ktan sonra y\u0131k\u0131larak yerine Dideban \u0130lk\u00f6\u011fretim Okulu kurulmu\u015f. Sapkor (Dsapkor, Sap\u0131rkor) Mahallesi\u2019nde bulunan Ermeni Mezarl\u0131\u011f\u0131 da tamamen tahrip edilerek, \u00fczerinde Bitlis \u0130mam Hatip Lisesi olarak kullan\u0131lan bina in\u015fa edilmi\u015f.
\n\u00c7e\u015fitli kamu binalar\u0131n\u0131n Ermeni mezarl\u0131klar\u0131 \u00fczerinde kurulmas\u0131 ba\u015fl\u0131 ba\u015f\u0131na vicdanlar\u0131 yaralayan bir devlet tasarrufu olsa da, Bitlis\u2019in Mahalleba\u015f\u0131 semtinde bulunan Ermeni mezarl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n \u00fczerinde 8 A\u011fustos Atat\u00fcrk Stadyumu\u2019nun kurulmu\u015f olmas\u0131 hi\u00e7 \u015f\u00fcphesiz b\u00fct\u00fcn vicdanlar\u0131 isyana sevk edecek g\u00fc\u00e7te bir tahamm\u00fcls\u00fczl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn gerek\u00e7esi. Spor m\u00fcsabakalar\u0131n\u0131n, kurtulu\u015f g\u00fcnlerinin ve resmi ge\u00e7itlerin yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 stadyum arazisinin bir mezarl\u0131k oldu\u011funun bilinmesine kar\u015f\u0131n yine de stadyum gibi bir yap\u0131n\u0131n mezarl\u0131k \u00fczerinde kurulmas\u0131n\u0131n temel amac\u0131; geride Ermenileri hat\u0131rlatacak ya da Ermenilerin atalar\u0131n\u0131n yatt\u0131\u011f\u0131 mezarlar\u0131 ziyaret etmemelerini sa\u011flamak olarak a\u00e7\u0131klanabilir.
\nKEND\u0130 KANUNU B\u0130LE \u00c7\u0130\u011eN\u0130YOR
\n<\/strong>Devlet eliyle Ermeni mezarl\u0131klar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen yok etme politikas\u0131 insanl\u0131k ortak de\u011ferlerine ve bireysel vicdana ayk\u0131r\u0131 oldu\u011fu kadar uluslararas\u0131 kanunlara da ayk\u0131r\u0131. Lozan Antla\u015fmas\u0131\u2019n\u0131n 42. maddesinin \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc f\u0131kras\u0131nda \u201cT\u00fcrk H\u00fck\u00fcmeti s\u00f6z\u00fc ge\u00e7en az\u0131nl\u0131klara ait kiliselere, havralara, mezarl\u0131klara ve di\u011fer dini kurumlara her t\u00fcrl\u00fc korumay\u0131 sa\u011flamay\u0131 taahh\u00fct eder\u201d denmektedir. \u0130lgin\u00e7tir ki T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyeti h\u00fck\u00fcmetleri, imza att\u0131\u011f\u0131 uluslar aras\u0131 kanunlar\u0131 g\u00f6rmezden gelmekle yetinmemi\u015f, kendi kanunlar\u0131n\u0131; 3998 say\u0131l\u0131 Belediye Kanunu\u2019nun ikinci ve Mezarl\u0131klar\u0131n Korunmas\u0131 Hakk\u0131nda Kanun \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc maddeleri gibi benzeri kanunlar\u0131 da g\u00f6z ard\u0131 ederek, Ermeni mezarl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n talan\u0131nda herhangi bir kusur g\u00f6rmemi\u015f. Bu kanunlar hi\u00e7e say\u0131larak, Bitlis\u2019teki Ermeni mezarl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n okul, cezaevi, \u0130mam-Hatip Lisesi ve Stadyum olarak kullan\u0131lmas\u0131nda ayk\u0131r\u0131 bir durum g\u00f6r\u00fclmemi\u015f!
\nTCK\u2019DE BU UYGULAMAYA CEZA VAR
\n<\/strong>Bu maddelere ek olarak T\u00fcrk Ceza Kanunu\u2019nun (TCK) 130\u2019uncu maddesi, mezar ve mezarl\u0131k talan\u0131na \u00fc\u00e7 aydan ba\u015flamak \u00fczere iki y\u0131la kadar hapis cezas\u0131 \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fcyor. T\u00fcm bu kanun maddelerine ve cezai m\u00fceyyidelere kar\u015f\u0131n, Ermeni mezarl\u0131klar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 g\u00f6sterilen devlet hoyratl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve b\u00fcrokratik ya\u011fma kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda hi\u00e7bir hukuk\u00e7unun ses \u00e7\u0131karmamas\u0131, devlet erkini elinde bulunduranlar\u0131n bilin\u00e7altlar\u0131nda d\u00fc\u015fman olarak belirledi\u011fi Ermenilerden her t\u00fcrl\u00fc intikam\u0131 almas\u0131n\u0131 me\u015fru g\u00f6ren bir anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131n hakim oldu\u011funu kan\u0131tlar nitelikte.
\nBununla beraber, mezarlar\u0131n ziyaret ve anma gibi insanc\u0131l ve vicdani bir rit\u00fcele sahip olmas\u0131, Ermeni mezarlar\u0131n\u0131n korunmalar\u0131 halinde mezarlar\u0131 ziyarete gelecek olan insanlar\u0131n bulunabilece\u011fi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesinin de belirgin bir psikolojik etki yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00f6ylenebilir. Ermeni mezarlar\u0131n\u0131n tahrip ya da yok edilmesinin alt\u0131nda, olas\u0131 ziyaretlerin \u00f6n\u00fcn\u00fcn kesilmesi ama\u00e7lanarak, mezarlar\u0131n bulundu\u011fu y\u00f6re halk\u0131 ile mezarlar\u0131 ziyaret eden Ermeniler aras\u0131nda olas\u0131 bir kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 bir etkile\u015fimin de k\u0131v\u0131lc\u0131mlanmas\u0131na \u015fans tan\u0131mama zihniyeti ama\u00e7land\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00f6ylenebilir.
\n\u2018TERK ED\u0130LM\u0130\u015e\u2019 MALLAR KANUNU!
\n<\/strong>1915 tehcirinin ard\u0131ndan Ermenilerden ar\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131lan b\u00f6lgelerde, Ermenilerden kalan gayrimenkuller ya b\u00f6lge halk\u0131 ya da Balkanlar ve Kafkaslardan g\u00f6\u00e7 eden muhacirlere c\u00fczi miktarlar kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda sat\u0131ld\u0131. S\u00f6z konusu sat\u0131\u015flar, 26 Eyl\u00fcl 1915 tarihinde Talat Pa\u015fa taraf\u0131ndan haz\u0131rlanarak, y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe konulan Emval-i Metruke (terk edilmi\u015f mallar) kanunuyla, Ermeni mallar\u0131 ger\u00e7ek sahiplerince yap\u0131lacak herhangi bir itiraz\u0131 kabul etmeksizin y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe konuldu. \u0130lgin\u00e7 olan \u015fu ki, bu kanunun y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe konuldu\u011fu tarihte Bitlis Valisi Mustafa Abdulhalik, ayn\u0131 zamanda Talat Pa\u015fa\u2019n\u0131n da bacana\u011f\u0131d\u0131r. Bitlis Valisi ve Talat Pa\u015fa\u2019n\u0131n bacana\u011f\u0131 Mustafa Abd\u00fclhalik, bu tarihten 9 sene sonra ilk Meclis\u2019in Maliye Vekili olarak TBMM\u2019de yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 konu\u015fmayla tarihe ge\u00e7ecek ve Ermenilerin tehcirinin anlat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00fczere salt bir g\u00fcvenlik tedbiri olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, \u201cBize mensup olmayanlara m\u00fcmk\u00fcn oldu\u011fu kadar m\u00fc\u015fkilat g\u00f6sterece\u011fiz\u201d s\u00f6zleriyle ortaya koyacakt\u0131r.
\nS\u00dcRG\u00dcN, KARARDAN \u00d6NCE BA\u015eLADI
\n<\/strong>\"\"<\/a>\u2018Bitlis\u2019 ad\u0131n\u0131n ge\u00e7ti\u011fi bir ba\u015fka ilgin\u00e7lik de \u0130ttihat Terakki H\u00fck\u00fcmeti taraf\u0131ndan al\u0131nan Tehcir karar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6ncesinde Bitlis\u2019te ya\u015fayan Ermenilerin s\u00fcrg\u00fcne yollanmaya ba\u015flamas\u0131 ile an\u0131lacakt\u0131r. 27 May\u0131s 1915\u2019te tasla\u011f\u0131 haz\u0131rlanan, 30 May\u0131s 1915\u2019te Meclis-i V\u00fckela\u2019da (Bakanlar Kurulu) imzaya sunularak y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe konulan Ermenilerin yurtlar\u0131ndan s\u00fcr\u00fclmelerini \u00f6ng\u00f6ren Tehcir Yasas\u0131 resmiyet kazanmadan yakla\u015f\u0131k bir ay kadar \u00f6nce Bitlis\u2019teki Ermeniler, \u0130TC taraf\u0131ndan devlet g\u00f6zetiminde g\u00f6\u00e7 yollar\u0131na gitmeye zorlanm\u0131\u015flard\u0131. 2 May\u0131s 1915 tarihinde, yani Tehcir Kanunu\u2019nun y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe girmesinden 28 g\u00fcn \u00f6nce ba\u015flanan bu uygulama sonras\u0131nda Bitlis\u2019teki t\u00fcm Ermeni n\u00fcfusu g\u00f6\u00e7 ettirilmi\u015fti. G\u00f6\u00e7e tabi tutulacaklar hakk\u0131nda mahkemelerce al\u0131nm\u0131\u015f bir karar ya da aranan belirli bir kriter yoktu.<\/p>\n

TEHC\u0130R \u0130\u00c7\u0130N \u015e\u00dcPHE YETERL\u0130YD\u0130
\n<\/strong>Enver Pa\u015fa, 2 May\u0131s 1915\u2019te D\u00e2hiliye Naz\u0131r\u0131 Talat Pa\u015fa\u2019dan bu b\u00f6lgedeki Ermenilerin isyanlar\u0131n\u0131 daha fazla s\u00fcrd\u00fcrmelerini engellemek i\u00e7in onlar\u0131n ya Kafkasya\u2019ya, ya da Anadolu i\u00e7lerine da\u011f\u0131t\u0131lmalar\u0131n\u0131 ve yerlerine de M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n yerle\u015ftirilmesini istedi. Bunun \u00fczerine Talat Pasa, ge\u00e7ici bir kanun \u00e7\u0131karmadan ve Meclis-i V\u00fckel\u00e2 karar\u0131 olmadan, bacana\u011f\u0131 Bitlis Valisi Mustafa Abdulhalik arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla Bitlis\u2019te tehciri ba\u015flatt\u0131. Burada \u00fczerinde durulmas\u0131 gereken konu, tehcir karar\u0131 uygulanacak ki\u015filer hakk\u0131nda net bir belirleme yap\u0131lmam\u0131\u015f olmamas\u0131yd\u0131. Uygulay\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n, bir \u015fekilde \u201cihanet i\u00e7inde\u201d olduklar\u0131ndan \u015f\u00fcphelenebilecekleri herhangi bir ki\u015fiyi, hi\u00e7bir resmi bildirim yap\u0131lmadan tehcire tabi tutabilecekleri bu kanun yakla\u015f\u0131k 100 y\u0131ld\u0131r T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin ba\u015f\u0131n\u0131 a\u011fr\u0131t\u0131yor. Herhangi bir itiraz merciinin olmamas\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131n, olas\u0131 bir itiraz\u0131 \u00f6nlemek isteyen \u0130TC ve g\u00fcn\u00fcn b\u00fcrokratlar\u0131, Bitlis\u2019te ya\u015fayan t\u00fcm Ermenileri tehcire tabi tutarak, aleyhlerinde geli\u015febilece\u011fine inand\u0131klar\u0131 bir tak\u0131m olumsuzluklar\u0131n da \u00f6n\u00fcn\u00fc b\u00f6ylece kapatm\u0131\u015f olmu\u015flard\u0131.
\nMALLARI NASIL TALAN ED\u0130LD\u0130?
\n<\/strong>Tehcir karar\u0131n\u0131n uygulanarak, Ermenilerden ar\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131lan topraklar \u00fczerinde geni\u015f \u00e7apta bir el de\u011fi\u015ftirme hareketi ya\u015fand\u0131. \u00c7o\u011funlukla talan\u0131 and\u0131ran bu el de\u011fi\u015ftirmelere yasal bir zemin haz\u0131rlama \u00e7abas\u0131nda olan \u0130TC h\u00fck\u00fcmeti 26 Eyl\u00fcl 1915 tarihinde Emval-i Metruke, yani Terk Edilmi\u015f Mallar ad\u0131 alt\u0131nda bir kanun \u00e7\u0131kararak, Ermenilerin geride b\u0131rakt\u0131klar\u0131 mal ve m\u00fclkleri hakk\u0131nda izlenecek yollarla ilgili esaslar\u0131 belirledi. Buna g\u00f6re tehcire tabi tutulan Ermenilerin mallar\u0131n\u0131n bir k\u0131sm\u0131 Kafkaslar ve Balkanlardan gelen muhacirlere verilecek, kalan k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131n da sat\u0131\u015f\u0131 yap\u0131larak, tehcire tabi tutulan sahiplerine sat\u0131\u015ftan elde edilecek gelirler sair masraflar \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131ktan sonra \u00f6denecekti. Bu ama\u00e7la aralar\u0131nda Bitlis\u2019in de oldu\u011fu 33 Emval-i Metruke Komisyonu olu\u015fturularak, sat\u0131\u015f ve devir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131na ba\u015fland\u0131. Komisyon \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131n hakkaniyet s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 i\u00e7inde y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclmedi\u011fi, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ilk g\u00fcnden itibaren devlet yetkilileri taraf\u0131ndan bile kabul edilmesine kar\u015f\u0131n, resmi kay\u0131tlarda hangi Ermeniye, hangi mal\u0131ndan dolay\u0131 ne kadar \u00f6deme yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131na dair bir bilgi bug\u00fcne kadar bulunamad\u0131.
\nBACANAK DEVREDE
\n<\/strong>Ermenilerden kalan gayrimenkul ve m\u00fclkler konusu cumhuriyetin ilk y\u0131llar\u0131nda u\u011fra\u015fmas\u0131 gereken ba\u015fl\u0131ca konulardan biri haline geldi. Lozan Antla\u015fmas\u0131\u2019n\u0131n imzalanmas\u0131n\u0131n ard\u0131ndan Ermenilerden kalan mal, m\u00fclk ve gayrimenkuller konusu B\u00fcy\u00fck Millet Meclisi\u2019nin g\u00fcndemine gelmi\u015fti. G\u00fcndeme al\u0131nan bu sorunla ilgili y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen tart\u0131\u015fmalarda Ermenilerin mallar\u0131na el konulmas\u0131n\u0131n en ate\u015fli taraftar\u0131, Bitlisliler i\u00e7in tan\u0131d\u0131k bir sima olan Talat Pa\u015fa\u2019n\u0131n bacana\u011f\u0131, tehcir d\u00f6nemi Bitlis Valisi Mustafa Abdulhalik\u2019ti. 1915\u2019te Talat Pa\u015fa\u2019n\u0131n bacana\u011f\u0131 olman\u0131n verdi\u011fi referansla Bitlis Valisi olan ve ittihat\u00e7\u0131larla birlikte hareket eden Abdulhalik, gen\u00e7 cumhuriyetle beraber, Ermeni meselesi ile ilgili ya\u015fanan tart\u0131\u015fmalara Maliye Vekili (Bakan) olarak kat\u0131l\u0131yordu.
\nBACANAK VE ARKADA\u015eLARININ OYUNU
\n<\/strong>\u0130ttihat ve Terakki’nin 1915’te Ermeni ve Rumlar\u0131 s\u00fcrg\u00fcn ettikten sonra mal ve m\u00fclklerine el koymaya imkan veren 26 Eyl\u00fcl 1915 tarihli Tasfiye Kanunu, \u0130stanbul H\u00fck\u00fcmeti’nin 8 Ocak 1920 tarihli kararnamesiyle y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fckten kald\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. Bununla, mallar\u0131n sahiplerine geri iade edilmesi ve ge\u00e7mi\u015f d\u00f6nemle ilgili zarar\u0131n tazmini de hedeflenir. B\u00fcy\u00fck Millet Meclisi, \u00f6nce gizli ve ard\u0131ndan aleni celsede yap\u0131lan tart\u0131\u015fma sonucunda kabul edilen 14 Eyl\u00fcl 1922 tarihli karar\u0131yla, bu kararnameyi kald\u0131r\u0131r ve 15 Nisan 1923 tarihli 333 no’lu kanunla da \u0130ttihat\u00e7\u0131 tasfiye sistemine tam d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fc sa\u011flar. Maliye vekili Mustafa Abdulhalik ve arkada\u015flar\u0131nca Ermeni mallar\u0131yla ilgili sorunlar\u0131 ortadan kald\u0131racak y\u00f6ntemler aran\u0131rken ak\u0131llara pratik bir y\u00f6ntem gelir.
\nTehcire tabi tutulan Ermenilerin geride b\u0131rakmaya zorland\u0131klar\u0131 mallar\u0131 Osmanl\u0131 devleti taraf\u0131ndan terk edilmi\u015f, yani emval-i metruke say\u0131ld\u0131klar\u0131ndan, Ermenilerden mal ve m\u00fclk talep edenlerin Lozan Antla\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n imzaland\u0131\u011f\u0131 24 Temmuz 1923 tarihinde mallar\u0131n\u0131n bulundu\u011fu b\u00f6lgede olmalar\u0131 karar\u0131 al\u0131nd\u0131. 24 Temmuz 1923 tarihine kadar mallar\u0131 ba\u015f\u0131nda bulunmayan Ermenilerin, mallar\u0131 \u00fczerinde herhangi bir tasarruf hakk\u0131na sahip olamayacaklar\u0131 da kanunla ilan edildi. Ek olarak, bu tarihte \u00fclkede bulunmayanlar \u201cFirar-i E\u015fhas\u201d say\u0131larak, Ermeniler kendilerince bir tehcir hareketi ba\u015flatm\u0131\u015f bir gibi ayaklar\u0131 yere basmayan, tarihi ger\u00e7eklere ayk\u0131r\u0131 bir durum ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Sonu\u00e7 olarak, Ermenilerin mallar\u0131n\u0131n geri verilmesi, kendileri sadece 30 Ekim 1918- 20 Kas\u0131m 1922 tarihleri aras\u0131nda ba\u015fvurmu\u015flarsa kabul ediliyordu. 20 Kas\u0131m 1922\u2019den sonraki istekler ise ge\u00e7erli olmayacakt\u0131.
\nET\u0130K VE V\u0130CDAN B\u0130R TARAFA BIRAKILIR!
\n<\/strong>Ermeni mallar\u0131yla ilgili sorun, Lozan Anla\u015fmas\u0131yla yolunca halledildikten ve Ermenilerin mallar\u0131 \u00fczerinde bir tasarruf hakk\u0131na sahip olmamalar\u0131 sa\u011fland\u0131ktan sonra, s\u00f6z konusu mallar ve gayrimenkullerin da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m\u0131na ba\u015flan\u0131r. Mallar\u0131n tasfiyesi s\u0131ras\u0131nda etik ve vicdani de\u011ferler bir kenara b\u0131rak\u0131larak, ba\u015fta kiliseler olmak \u00fczere \u00e7e\u015fitli dini yap\u0131lara tapu \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131larak, bunlar\u0131n hayvan ah\u0131r\u0131 ya da samanl\u0131k olarak kullan\u0131lmas\u0131nda kusurlu bir yan bulunmad\u0131. Buna ek olarak Ani Harabeleri\u2019nin top\u00e7u ate\u015fi ve dinamit yard\u0131m\u0131yla yok edilmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 gibi kilise, manast\u0131r ve benzeri ibadethanelerin y\u0131k\u0131lmas\u0131nda ya da s\u00f6k\u00fclerek, farkl\u0131 yap\u0131larda malzeme olarak kullan\u0131lmas\u0131na ses \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmaz. Bu konuda Bitlis\u2019te verilecek 2 \u00f6rnek, s\u00f6z konusu uygulaman\u0131n vicdan ve ortak insani de\u011ferlerin ne denli ayaklar alt\u0131na al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6stermektedir.
\nSAMANLIK VE AHIR OLARAK KULLANILIYORLAR!
\n<\/strong>Tatvan il\u00e7esine ba\u011fl\u0131 Ku\u015fluca k\u00f6y\u00fcnde yakla\u015f\u0131k 500 y\u0131ll\u0131k kiliseye, Tatvan Tapu Kadastro M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnce 1988 y\u0131l\u0131nda tapu \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131ld\u0131 ve \u015fuan kilise, m\u00fclkiyeti ile birlikte verildi\u011fi \u015fah\u0131s taraf\u0131ndan ah\u0131r olarak kullan\u0131l\u0131yor. Tatvan\u2019da yap\u0131lan kadastro \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 ard\u0131ndan Ku\u015fluca k\u00f6y\u00fcnde ikamet eden Muhittin G. adl\u0131 vatanda\u015fa 3 pafta, 116 parsel numaras\u0131yla 500 y\u0131ll\u0131k kilise tapu edildi. 90\u2019l\u0131 y\u0131llarda bo\u015falt\u0131lan k\u00f6y\u00fcne geri d\u00f6nen Muhittin G., Bitlis Valili\u011fine ba\u015fvurarak, \u201cTer\u00f6rle M\u00fccadeleden Do\u011fan Zararlar\u0131n Tazmini Hakk\u0131ndaki Kanun\u201ddan faydalanmak istedi\u011fini, g\u00f6\u00e7 ettirilmesi nedeniyle 10 y\u0131ldan fazla bir s\u00fcre kendi tapusunda bulunan kiliseyi kullanamad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirterek, kurumdan 14 bin TL tazminat istedi. Talebi hakl\u0131 bulunan ancak mebla\u011f\u0131 y\u00fcksek bulan kurum taraf\u0131ndan Muhittin G.\u2019ye kilisesini kullanamad\u0131\u011f\u0131 y\u0131llar i\u00e7in 8 bin lira \u00f6deme yap\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n

Buna benzer bir ba\u015fka olay da Bitlis merkeze 7 kilometre uzakl\u0131kta bulunan Por (De\u011firmenalt\u0131) k\u00f6y\u00fcnde ya\u015fan\u0131yor. Kilisenin bat\u0131 duvar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcnde \u2018jamatun\u2019 ad\u0131 verilen bir toplanma yeri in\u015fa edilmi\u015f ve tahminen 15. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ortas\u0131nda eski kilise onar\u0131larak, g\u00fcneyinde de bir \u015fapel in\u015fa edilmi\u015f. Jamatun ad\u0131 verilen toplanma yeri bug\u00fcn harabe haline gelirken, her iki kilise ve \u015fapel ise ah\u0131r ve samanl\u0131k olarak kullan\u0131l\u0131yor.
\nANAN\u0130A K\u0130L\u0130SES\u0130
\n<\/strong>Anadolu co\u011frafyas\u0131nda benzerleri aras\u0131nda e\u015fsiz bir yere sahip olan St. Anania Kilisesi ve Manast\u0131r\u0131 korunmas\u0131 bir yana, resmi makamlarca y\u0131k\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n beklendi\u011fini s\u00f6ylemek yanl\u0131\u015f olmaz. Ge\u00e7mi\u015f y\u0131llarda yap\u0131 b\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcn\u00fcn etraf\u0131nda evler yokken, son y\u0131llarda k\u00f6ye geri d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015flerle birlikte artan konut ihtiyac\u0131, hem kilisenin yak\u0131n\u0131nda evlerin in\u015fa edilmesine neden olmu\u015f, hem de ba\u015fta dolgu malzemesi olarak bin 500 y\u0131ll\u0131k bir ge\u00e7mi\u015fe sahip oldu\u011fu belirtilen yap\u0131n\u0131n ta\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n kullan\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcne ge\u00e7ilememi\u015f. Bu tahribat\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcne ge\u00e7mesi beklenen Bitlis K\u00fclt\u00fcr ve Turizm M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc yetkilileri, olay\u0131 incelemek bir yana, kiliseye tapu \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmas\u0131na bile en ufak bir itirazda bulunmu\u015f g\u00f6r\u00fcnm\u00fcyor. Tarihi yap\u0131n\u0131n g\u00fcnden g\u00fcne yok olmas\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda da herhangi bir giri\u015fimde bulunmuyor.
\n<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

14 Eyl\u00fcl 2011
\nANF NEWS AGENCY<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Hi\u015fyar Barzan \u015eerefhano\u011flu Bitlis \u0130ktidar g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc elinde bulunduranlar\u0131n ekonomik h\u0131rslar\u0131n\u0131n bir halk\u0131 nas\u0131l toptan yok etmeye ad\u0131m ad\u0131m g\u00f6t\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn tarihteki ilk belirgin \u00f6rne\u011fi olan 1915 Ermeni katliam\u0131, neredeyse bir asr\u0131 geride b\u0131rakacak. Katliam, s\u00fcrekli bir etnik mesele olarak alg\u0131lansa da o g\u00fcnden bu yana ya\u015fananlar a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a g\u00f6steriyor ki Ermeni meselesi, anlat\u0131lan\u0131n aksine bir Ermeni-M\u00fcsl\u00fcman \u00e7eki\u015fmesinden […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":8357,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6,13,14,15],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-8356","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ermeni-soykirimi","category-gunumuzde-bati-ermenistan","category-haberler","category-haklarimiz"],"yoast_head":"\nBir Zamanlar Bitlis Ermenileri\u2026 - Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/akunq.net\/turkish\/2011\/09\/15\/bir-zamanlar-bitlis-ermenileri\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Bir Zamanlar Bitlis Ermenileri\u2026 - Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Hi\u015fyar Barzan \u015eerefhano\u011flu Bitlis \u0130ktidar g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc elinde bulunduranlar\u0131n ekonomik h\u0131rslar\u0131n\u0131n bir halk\u0131 nas\u0131l toptan yok etmeye ad\u0131m ad\u0131m g\u00f6t\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn tarihteki ilk belirgin \u00f6rne\u011fi olan 1915 Ermeni katliam\u0131, neredeyse bir asr\u0131 geride b\u0131rakacak. Katliam, s\u00fcrekli bir etnik mesele olarak alg\u0131lansa da o g\u00fcnden bu yana ya\u015fananlar a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a g\u00f6steriyor ki Ermeni meselesi, anlat\u0131lan\u0131n aksine bir Ermeni-M\u00fcsl\u00fcman \u00e7eki\u015fmesinden […]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/akunq.net\/turkish\/2011\/09\/15\/bir-zamanlar-bitlis-ermenileri\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2011-09-15T07:38:42+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/akunq.net\/turkish\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2011\/09\/Bitlis.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"290\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"174\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"kalem\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"kalem\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"15 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/akunq.net\/turkish\/2011\/09\/15\/bir-zamanlar-bitlis-ermenileri\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/akunq.net\/turkish\/2011\/09\/15\/bir-zamanlar-bitlis-ermenileri\/\",\"name\":\"Bir Zamanlar Bitlis Ermenileri\u2026 - 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