{"id":7768,"date":"2011-08-28T05:58:37","date_gmt":"2011-08-28T10:58:37","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=7768"},"modified":"2011-08-28T05:58:37","modified_gmt":"2011-08-28T10:58:37","slug":"verjine-svazlian-ermeni-soykirimi-soykirimdan-kurtulan-gorgu-taniklarinin-hatiralari-2-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/turkish\/2011\/08\/28\/verjine-svazlian-ermeni-soykirimi-soykirimdan-kurtulan-gorgu-taniklarinin-hatiralari-2-2\/","title":{"rendered":"VERJINE SVAZLIAN. Ermeni Soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131: Soyk\u0131r\u0131mdan Kurtulan G\u00f6rg\u00fc Tan\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n Hat\u0131ralar\u0131, 2 (2)"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"<\/a>2 (2)<\/p>\n

KHA\u00c7\u0130K GR\u0130GOR KHA\u00c7ATIRYAN’IN ANLATTIKLARI<\/p>\n

1900 do\u011fumlu,<\/p>\n

\u00a0SASUN, \u015eEN\u0130K K.*<\/p>\n

DO\u011eUMLU<\/p>\n

K\u00f6y\u00fcm\u00fcz \u00e7ok g\u00fczeldi. Meyve a\u011fa\u00e7lar\u0131m\u0131z \u00e7oktu. En d\u00fczl\u00fck yer bizim k\u00f6y\u00fcm\u00fczd\u00fc; di\u011ferleri vadi i\u00e7indeydi. K\u00f6y\u00fcm\u00fcz\u00fcn evleri tek katl\u0131 ta\u015f binalard\u0131. Evin i\u00e7inde tand\u0131r ve samanl\u0131k olurdu. Yaz geceleri toprak damda yatard\u0131k. \u015e\u00f6minemiz vard\u0131; ordan \u0131\u015f\u0131k gelirdi. Ormandan yakacak odun getirirdik. Hayvanlar\u0131n d\u0131\u015fk\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 ise topra\u011f\u0131n verimini art\u0131rmak i\u00e7in tarlalara serperdik. Bilim yoktu; k\u00f6r bir memleketti. Samanl\u0131klar\u0131n s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 bizi de \u0131s\u0131t\u0131rd\u0131. Yorgan\u0131m\u0131z, d\u00f6\u015fe\u011fimiz y\u00fcnden yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Herkesin topra\u011f\u0131 kendisine aitti. Istedi\u011fini ekerdin; ama devlete vergi vermek zorundayd\u0131n. Mahsul\u00fcn sekizde yedisi senin, sekizde biri devletindi. \u0130ki \u0131rma\u011f\u0131m\u0131z vard\u0131: biri Murad Irma\u011f\u0131’yd\u0131; o \u00e7ok korkun\u00e7 bir nehirdi; di\u011feri ise Me\u011fraget’ti.<\/p>\n

Biz iki haneydik; toplam 20 ki\u015fi. Bizim ailemiz yedi ki\u015fiden olu\u015fuyordu; amcam\u0131n ailesiyse on be\u015f ki\u015fiden. Hep birlikte bar\u0131\u015f ve huzur i\u00e7inde ya\u015f\u0131yorduk. Memleketimizde 60 fertten olu\u015fan aileler vard\u0131. Gelin ve kaynana birbiriyle bar\u0131\u015f\u0131k ya\u015f\u0131yordu. Annem ekmek pi\u015firir, yemek yapar, ormandan \u00e7al\u0131 \u00e7\u0131rp\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131r, t\u00fct\u00fcn toplard\u0131. Babam mahsul\u00fcm\u00fcz\u00fc s\u0131rtlay\u0131p Mu\u015f \u015eehri’ne g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcr, satard\u0131.<\/p>\n

K\u00f6y\u00fcm\u00fczde okul vard\u0131; k\u0131zlar ve erkekler d\u00f6rt s\u0131n\u0131fta ayr\u0131 ayr\u0131 \u00f6\u011frenim g\u00f6r\u00fcyorlard\u0131. Ermenice dili, matematik, tarih derslerimiz vard\u0131. T\u00fcrk\u00e7e dersi yoktu. Ben birka\u00e7 ay okula gittim. Sonra babam beni okuldan \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131; bana “\u0130nekleri otlat” dedi. Okulda yere, bir has\u0131r\u0131n \u00fcst\u00fcne ba\u011fda\u015f kurup otururduk; \u00f6\u011fleye kadar kitap, Zebur okurduk. Defter yoktu. Karatahtaya tebe\u015firle yaz\u0131yorduk. Yaramazl\u0131k yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda ceza olarak tek ayak \u00fcst\u00fcnde dururduk, ya da hocam\u0131z budakl\u0131 sopayla bizi d\u00f6ver, morart\u0131lar haftalarca ge\u00e7mezdi. Papaz Garegin bize ders verirdi. Manast\u0131rlarda yat\u0131l\u0131 okul vard\u0131. Bir \u00e7ocuk \u00f6ks\u00fcz kald\u0131\u011f\u0131nda Aziz Hovhannes ya da Aziz Karapet Manast\u0131r\u0131’na g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcrlerdi. Kilisemizde sahn vard\u0131, kutsal kitaplar da; dinadamlar\u0131 ayin yapard\u0131. Halk ise ayakta dinlerdi. Bayramlarda kiliseye giderdik. Tanr\u0131’n\u0131n yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131 insans\u0131n, inan\u0131yorsun; “Tanr\u0131m sana \u015f\u00fck\u00fcrler olsun, bize sa\u011fl\u0131k ba\u011f\u0131\u015fla ve belalardan koru” diyorduk. K\u0131\u015f\u0131n \u0130sa’n\u0131n do\u011fumunu kutlarlard\u0131; ilkbaharda ise \u0130sa’n\u0131n \u00e7arm\u0131ha gerilmesini. So\u011fan kabu\u011fuyla yumurta boyarlard\u0131.<\/p>\n

Kiliseyi defalarca in\u015fa etmi\u015fler, T\u00fcrkler ise onu yakm\u0131\u015flard\u0131. Ah\u015fap bir kilisemiz vard\u0131. Orada d\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn, vaftiz yap\u0131l\u0131rd\u0131. D\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnler \u00e7ok ne\u015feli ge\u00e7erdi.<\/p>\n

\u0130\u00e7me suyunu testilerle \u00e7e\u015fmeden getirirlerdi. Bir de dere vard\u0131, y\u0131kanmak ve \u00e7ama\u015f\u0131r y\u0131kamak i\u00e7in.<\/p>\n

1914’te 18 ya\u015f\u0131ndan b\u00fcy\u00fck erkekleri askere almaya ba\u015flad\u0131lar. O y\u00fczden de erkek \u00e7ocuk do\u011funca askere g\u00f6t\u00fcrmesinler diye cinsiyetini papaza k\u0131z olarak kaydettirirlerdi.<\/p>\n

Bizde meslek \u00e7e\u015fidi \u00e7ok azd\u0131. Koyun y\u00fcn\u00fcn\u00fc e\u011firirlerdi; kad\u0131nlar da onu \u00f6rerdi. Y\u00fcn\u00fc makarayla e\u011firirlerdi; sonra dokumac\u0131 dokurdu. Bir demirci vard\u0131; saban demiri lehimlerdi.<\/p>\n

K\u00f6y\u00fcm\u00fczde T\u00fcrk yoktu; H\u00fck\u00fcmet’in temsilcisi jandarmayla gelir, hakk\u0131n\u0131 al\u0131r, devlete g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcrd\u00fc. T\u00fcrk’\u00fcn, K\u00fcrt’\u00fcn bizimle i\u015fi yoktu. Toprak sahibi devletti.<\/p>\n

\u00c7evremizde bir\u00e7ok K\u00fcrt k\u00f6y\u00fc vard\u0131. S\u00fcrg\u00fcn ba\u015flay\u0131ncaya kadar biz K\u00fcrt\u00e7e bilmezdik. K\u00f6y\u00fcm\u00fczde 3 tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015f fedayi vard\u0131: Zalo, Manuk, \u011eazar. Onlar yeminli askerlerdi; kendilerini milletleri u\u011fruna feda eden insanlard\u0131; Mossin t\u00fcfekleri, Mavzerleri, d\u00fcrb\u00fcnleri, \u00f6zel \u00fcniformalar\u0131 vard\u0131. Gerek duyuldu\u011funda fedayiler \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131l\u0131rd\u0131. Halk onlar\u0131 sever, sayard\u0131. Onlar\u0131n \u00fc\u00e7\u00fc de bize akrabayd\u0131. Onlardan biri 1907’de ihbar edilip \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc. K\u00f6y halk\u0131n\u0131n silah\u0131 yoktu. Silah\u0131m\u0131z olsa, o kadar kolay yenilir miydik?<\/p>\n

S\u00fcrg\u00fcn \u00f6nceden uyar\u0131 yap\u0131lmadan ba\u015flad\u0131. Mu\u015f Ovas\u0131’ndaki Ermenileri zaten katletmi\u015flerdi ve fedayiler, m\u00fclteciler Temmuz-A\u011fustos aylar\u0131nda gelip bize haber verdiler. Geldiler; biz onlar\u0131 b\u00fct\u00fcn evlere da\u011f\u0131tt\u0131k. \u00d6rne\u011fin, Diyarbak\u0131rl\u0131 iki ki\u015fi bizim evimizde kald\u0131. Mu\u015f Ovas\u0131’ndan gelenler de \u00e7ok azd\u0131; sonra hepsi de katledildi.<\/p>\n

K\u00f6y\u00fcm\u00fczde bir saat i\u00e7erisinde topland\u0131k. Annem ve babam ailece Andok’a gittiler; d\u00f6v\u00fc\u015ft\u00fck; katledildik. Katledildi\u011fimiz g\u00fcn, \u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fczde su vard\u0131, arkam\u0131zda ise k\u0131l\u0131\u00e7. \u0130lerledik. Bir akarsu vard\u0131; herkes suyun i\u00e7ine d\u00f6k\u00fcld\u00fc. Babam beni s\u0131rtlad\u0131. Ben onun boynuna sar\u0131ld\u0131m ve suyu ge\u00e7tik; ama \u0131rmak ne kadar insan g\u00f6t\u00fcrd\u00fc, onu Tanr\u0131 bilir. Andok’ta ben ve babam sa\u011f kald\u0131k. \u00dc\u00e7 ay sonra, b\u00fcy\u00fckannemle annemin ba\u015fka bir k\u00f6y\u00fcn orman\u0131nda sakland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 duyduk: Gittik ve onlar\u0131 bulduk. B\u00fcy\u00fckannem vefat etti. \u0130ki a\u011fabeyim ve day\u0131m \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmada \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc. Ben ve babam kald\u0131k. T\u00fcrk Ordusu geldi; yakla\u015f\u0131k 60.000 ki\u015fiydiler. K\u00f6y\u00fc ku\u015fatt\u0131lar. Bizimkiler direndiler. T\u00fcrk Ordusu iki defa k\u00f6ye girdi. Her iki defas\u0131nda da bizim fedayiler ve silah\u0131 olanlar onlar\u0131 geri p\u00fcsk\u00fcrtt\u00fcler. Fedayilerimiz k\u00f6y\u00fcn merkezinde toplanm\u0131\u015flard\u0131. Ondan \u00fc\u00e7 g\u00fcn \u00f6nce halk\u0131m\u0131z k\u00f6yden \u00e7ekilmi\u015f, \u00e7ocuklar ve kad\u0131nlarla birlikte Andok’a gitmi\u015fti. Ben de onlarla gittim. Temmuz’un ba\u015f\u0131nda Andok’a gittik. Ne ekmek, ne su vard\u0131; sadece tuzsuz et bulunuyordu; tuz da yoktu. 45 g\u00fcn kadar orada kald\u0131k. Sava\u015fanlar sava\u015ft\u0131. T\u00fcrk Ordusu Andok’a geldi. Orada da \u00e7arp\u0131\u015ft\u0131lar. 45 g\u00fcn sonra ekme\u011fimiz, erza\u011f\u0131m\u0131z t\u00fckendi. Ekmek yoktu. Sadece pokhint kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. T\u00fcrk Ordusu gelip Andok’u istila etti; vadiler \u00e7ocuk cesetleriyle doldu. Anneler \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n\u0131 kurtaramad\u0131lar. T\u00fcrkler ve K\u00fcrtler ate\u015f ediyorlard\u0131; bir mermiyle on ki\u015fi yere d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcyordu. Ka\u00e7an, kurtuldu. Gelinleri g\u00f6t\u00fcrd\u00fcler. Irma\u011f\u0131n suyu o kadar \u00e7ok insan g\u00f6t\u00fcrd\u00fc ki… Sonunda, mermi harcamamak i\u00e7in halk\u0131 da\u011f\u0131n tepesinden \u0131rma\u011fa at\u0131yorlard\u0131. O sald\u0131r\u0131 bir g\u00fcn s\u00fcrd\u00fc; ama cinayetler 5-6 ay devam etti. T\u00fcrkler ormanlarda gezip, Ermeni g\u00f6rd\u00fcklerinde \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcyorlard\u0131. Biz, ben ve babam k\u00f6y\u00fcm\u00fczden ka\u00e7t\u0131k. Ormanlarda a\u00e7, susuz, a\u011fa\u00e7 kabu\u011fu yiyor, zorluklara al\u0131\u015f\u0131yorduk. Kas\u0131m ay\u0131ndayd\u0131k; a\u011fac\u0131n yapraklar\u0131 d\u00f6k\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. Babam dedi ki:<\/p>\n

– Ey a\u011fa\u00e7! Yapraklar\u0131n\u0131n alt\u0131nda saklan\u0131yorduk; \u015fimdi onlar da yok.<\/p>\n

K\u00f6y\u00fcm\u00fczdeki son k\u00fcmesi de yakm\u0131\u015flard\u0131. \u00d6\u011flen suya gitti\u011finde T\u00fcrkler seni g\u00f6rse \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcrlerdi. Ak\u015fama kadar susuz beklemeye mecburduk. K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck \u00e7ocuklar\u0131 a\u011fa\u00e7lar\u0131n alt\u0131na b\u0131rakt\u0131lar; zira a\u011flama sesleri geliyordu. Hi\u00e7bir \u00e7ocu\u011fu yanlar\u0131nda tutmad\u0131lar; d\u00fc\u015fman onlar\u0131n sesini duymas\u0131n diye hepsini de terk ettiler. On yedi ya\u015f\u0131ndaki a\u011fabeyim de \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc; amcam\u0131n o\u011flu da.<\/p>\n

Aral\u0131k ay\u0131n\u0131 bir K\u00fcrt k\u00f6y\u00fcnde ge\u00e7irdik. \u00c7ift\u00e7iydik. Orada babam vefat etti. Annem bir k\u00f6ydeydi; ben ise ba\u015fka bir k\u00f6yde. Sonra birbirimize kavu\u015ftuk. Annem bana dedi ki: “Kha\u00e7ik, git o bodur a\u011fa\u00e7lar\u0131n aras\u0131nda otur; ben sonra gelirim.”<\/p>\n

Annemle gelip \u015eenik K\u00f6y\u00fc’n\u00fcn kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131na ula\u015ft\u0131k. Oturduk. Hava karard\u0131. Geceydi. Nereye gidelim? Rus ordusunun \u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fcze geldi\u011fini g\u00f6rd\u00fck. Rus ordusuyla Mu\u015f \u015fehrine geldik. \u00c7\u0131r\u0131l\u00e7\u0131pla\u011f\u0131z ve yal\u0131nayak; benim ayaklar\u0131m kan\u0131yordu. Askerin biri elbisesini \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131p, giymem i\u00e7in bana verdi. Masada bir ekmek duruyordu; ekme\u011fi vermedi. Sadece kurutulmu\u015f ekmek vererek ekledi:<\/p>\n

– Bu \u00e7ocuk o kadar a\u00e7 kalm\u0131\u015f, o kadar ot yemi\u015f ki, doyacak kadar yerse \u00f6l\u00fcr. Azar azar ekmek verin, \u00f6yle yesin.<\/p>\n

Mu\u015f’ta iki ay kald\u0131k. Sonra Rus ordusuyla Aleksandrapol’a geldik. Orda iki y\u0131l \u00f6ks\u00fczler yurdunda kald\u0131m. Bir keresinde annem geldi ve onu g\u00f6rd\u00fcm. O zaman kendisi Talin’de ya\u015f\u0131yordu.<\/p>\n

Bizim \u00f6ks\u00fczler yurdu Kars’a nakledildi. Yurtta 75 ki\u015fiydik. Her ya\u015fta \u00e7ocuk vard\u0131. Ne hayat ya\u015fad\u0131ysam \u00f6ks\u00fczler yurdunda ya\u015fad\u0131m. \u0130yi giydiriyorlard\u0131; temiz \u00e7ar\u015faflar\u0131n \u00fcst\u00fcnde yat\u0131yorduk; yemekhane vard\u0131; banyo vard\u0131; okul vard\u0131. E\u011fitim ald\u0131m. Geliyorduk; ak\u015fam yemek yediriyor, bir \u015feylerle me\u015fgul olmam\u0131z\u0131 sa\u011fl\u0131yorlard\u0131. G\u00f6zetmenimiz \u015eu\u015fili, seksen ya\u015f\u0131nda, iki o\u011flu olan bir kad\u0131nd\u0131. O\u011fullar\u0131ndan biri doktor, di\u011feri Rus ordusunda subayd\u0131.<\/p>\n

T\u00fcrk yeniden gelip Kars’\u0131 i\u015fgal etti. Bizi Calalo\u011flu’na naklettiler. Bizi Tiflis \u00f6ks\u00fczler yurduna g\u00f6t\u00fcrd\u00fcler, o zaman zaten 1918 y\u0131l\u0131na gelmi\u015ftik. Sonra annemle Rusya’n\u0131n Krasnodar b\u00f6lgesine gittim. Annem evlendi.<\/p>\n

1920 y\u0131l\u0131nda Ermenistan’a, bu bizim A\u015fnak K\u00f6y\u00fc’ne geri d\u00f6nd\u00fcm. Sovyet iktidar\u0131 ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Bu bir T\u00fcrk k\u00f6y\u00fcyd\u00fc. T\u00fcrkler ka\u00e7m\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Burada 32 tane T\u00fcrk k\u00f6y\u00fc vard\u0131. Biz gelip k\u00f6ye girdik. Tali\u015f hari\u00e7, A\u015ftarak’a kadar b\u00fct\u00fcn k\u00f6yler T\u00fcrk k\u00f6yleriydi.<\/p>\n

S\u00f6zde, b\u00fcy\u00fck devletler bizim sesimiz duyacak hesab\u0131yla oraya yerle\u015ftik. S\u00f6z\u00fcm ona, alt\u0131 ay kalacak ve memleketimize geri d\u00f6necektik. G\u00f6zlerim a\u00e7\u0131k kald\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00fcrece memleketimizi \u00f6zleyece\u011fim. Gidip memleketimizi g\u00f6r\u00fcp, sonra bu hayata g\u00f6zlerimi yumsayd\u0131m. Memleket \u00f6zlemi ba\u015fkad\u0131r; memleketim gece-g\u00fcnd\u00fcz akl\u0131mdad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

1924’te evlendim; 9 \u00e7ocu\u011fum oldu. \u015eimdi en k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fc\u011f\u00fcyle oturuyorum.<\/p>\n

1933-55 y\u0131llar\u0131nda \u00e7ok zavall\u0131 bir haldeydik; kolhozda \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yorduk. \u00dccretler \u00e7ok d\u00fc\u015f\u00fckt\u00fc; zar zor ge\u00e7iniyorduk.<\/p>\n

Sonra \u0130kinci D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131 ba\u015flad\u0131. Be\u015f y\u0131l insan kay\u0131plar\u0131 verdik. 1942-44 y\u0131llar\u0131nda K\u0131r\u0131m cephesindeydim. Sava\u015ft\u0131m ve yaraland\u0131m. 1942’de o\u011flumu da cepheye g\u00f6t\u00fcrd\u00fcler. O alt\u0131 y\u0131l orduda kald\u0131. Ya\u015fad\u0131k. Ermenistan’a d\u00f6nd\u00fck. \u0130n\u015fa ettik, onard\u0131k.<\/p>\n

\u015eimdi ekmek var, ev var, i\u015f var, iyi giyiniyoruz, un var, temizlik, sa\u011fl\u0131k hizmetleri ve kolayl\u0131klar var. Ge\u00e7mi\u015f g\u00fcnlere nazaran iyi ya\u015f\u0131yoruz, Tanr\u0131’ya \u015f\u00fck\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

T\u00fcrk bizi katletti; ama kendi sorununu \u00e7\u00f6zd\u00fc. Biz katledildik. E\u011fer g\u00fcc\u00fcn varsa, toprak sorunu \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcl\u00fcr; ka\u011f\u0131t kalemle memleketini sana geri vermezler.<\/p>\n

* Bundan sonra do\u011fum yeri olan “k\u00f6y” k\u0131salt\u0131larak k. \u015feklinde yaz\u0131lacakt\u0131r.<\/em><\/p>\n

http:\/\/ermeni.hayem.org\/turkce\/vkayutyun.php?tp=ea&lng=tr&nmb=2<\/a><\/p>\n

Her Cumartesi ve Pazar g\u00fcnleri devam\u0131 var.<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

2 (2) KHA\u00c7\u0130K GR\u0130GOR KHA\u00c7ATIRYAN’IN ANLATTIKLARI 1900 do\u011fumlu, \u00a0SASUN, \u015eEN\u0130K K.* DO\u011eUMLU K\u00f6y\u00fcm\u00fcz \u00e7ok g\u00fczeldi. Meyve a\u011fa\u00e7lar\u0131m\u0131z \u00e7oktu. En d\u00fczl\u00fck yer bizim k\u00f6y\u00fcm\u00fczd\u00fc; di\u011ferleri vadi i\u00e7indeydi. K\u00f6y\u00fcm\u00fcz\u00fcn evleri tek katl\u0131 ta\u015f binalard\u0131. Evin i\u00e7inde tand\u0131r ve samanl\u0131k olurdu. Yaz geceleri toprak damda yatard\u0131k. \u015e\u00f6minemiz vard\u0131; ordan \u0131\u015f\u0131k gelirdi. Ormandan yakacak odun getirirdik. Hayvanlar\u0131n d\u0131\u015fk\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 ise […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":7769,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6,14],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-7768","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ermeni-soykirimi","category-haberler"],"yoast_head":"\nVERJINE SVAZLIAN. 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