Bazen toplumlar\u0131n kaderleri, bireylerin karar ve e\u011filimlerinde gizlidir. Bu yaz\u0131da tan\u0131tmaya \u00e7a\u0131l\u015faca\u011f\u0131m\u0131z iki isim de \u00fclkemizdeki Ermeni cemaat\u0131n\u0131n gelece\u011fi i\u00e7in birer kilometre ta\u015f\u0131 say\u0131l\u0131rlar. \u0130lkin, Fatih Sultan Mehmet ile yak\u0131nl\u0131k kurarak Ermeni cemaat\u0131n\u0131n \u0130stanbul’a, payitahta yerle\u015fmesini sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in ayr\u0131ca \u015f\u00f6hret sahibi olan I. Hovagim, bu \u00f6zelli\u011fi ile de, ilk \u0130stanbul Ermeni patri\u011fidir. Hayat\u0131 hakk\u0131nda \u00e7ok az \u015fey bildi\u011fimiz I. Hovagim’in, \u0130stanbul’un fethinden \u00f6nce K\u00fctahya, Bursa, Filibe ve Konstantinopolis episkoposlu\u011fu ve ruhani \u00f6nderli\u011fi yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 kay\u0131tl\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Hovagim, fetih \u00f6ncesinde II. Mehmed’le (Fatih) tan\u0131\u015f\u0131yordu. Bir dostluk d\u00f6neminden sonra, rivayete g\u00f6re fetih olay\u0131 hakk\u0131nda yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen kehanet \u00fczerine Fatih ile daha da samimi oldu. Kimi kaynaklara g\u00f6re sadece bu samimiyeti y\u00fcz\u00fcnden, daha ger\u00e7ek\u00e7i kabul edebilece\u011fimiz di\u011fer g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015flere g\u00f6re ise yeni ba\u015fkentte bulunan yerli Rum \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011fu sad\u0131k ve g\u00fcvenilir bir tebaa ile dengelemek i\u00e7in Fatih Bursa’dan Ermeni aileler getirtti ve bunun i\u00e7in I. Hovagim’in g\u00fcc\u00fcnden yararland\u0131.<\/p>\n
Fatih, Ermeni halk\u0131n ruhani \u00f6nderli\u011fini temin amac\u0131yla 1461 ‘de Ermeni Patrikli\u011fi’ni kurmas\u0131na destek oldu. Eski dostu olan Bursa ruhani \u00f6nderi Episkopos Hovagim’i de \u0130stanbul’a getirterek bu yeni makama atad\u0131. Kendisine “Patrik” s\u0131fat\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131nda, zaten \u0130\u0130stanbul’da mevcut bulunan Rum patri\u011fine e\u015fde\u011fer haklar tan\u0131d\u0131. Daha sonraki tarihlerde Osmanl\u0131 \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu Do\u011fu ve Bat\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131 geni\u015flettik\u00e7e, fethedilen b\u00f6lgelerdeki Ermeni halk\u0131 \u0130stanbul’a getirilerek yerle\u015ftirildi. 1475’te K\u0131r\u0131m Yar\u0131madas\u0131’ndaki Kefe \u015fehrinden getirilen Ermeniler, bunlar\u0131n aras\u0131nda ilk s\u0131radad\u0131rlar. B\u00f6ylece ba\u015fkentin Ermeni n\u00fcfusu, bir h\u00fck\u00fcmet politikas\u0131 \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde, art\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r.\u00a0 I. Hovagim, 1474’te, (Kimi kaynaklara g\u00f6re ise 1477’de) vefat eder. Di\u011fer baz\u0131 kaynaklar ise \u0130stanbul Ermeni toplumunun ikinci patri\u011fi olan Episkopos I. Nigogayos’un patrikli\u011fe se\u00e7ili\u015f tarihini g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcnde bulundurarak 1478 tarihini I. Hovagim’in \u00f6l\u00fcm tarihi olarak kabul etmeyi do\u011fru bulurlar. I. Hovagim, fetihten sonra \u0130stanbul’da Ermeni Patrikli\u011fi’nin kurulmas\u0131ndaki etkin rol\u00fc, yeni kurulan \u0130stanbul Ermeni cemaatinde yap\u0131lan ilk d\u00fczenleme \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131ndaki \u00e7abalar\u0131yla tarihe ge\u00e7mi\u015ftir.\u00a0 En az Hovagim kadar \u00f6nemli olan ve cemaatinin kaderini etkileyen ba\u015fka bir patrik de IX. Hovhannes’tir. \u0130stanbul Ermeni Patrikli\u011fi i\u00e7in yapt\u0131klar\u0131, bu Patrikli\u011fin kurulmas\u0131 kadar \u00f6nemlidir. IX. Hovhannes (Golod), 1678’de Bitlis’te do\u011fmu\u015f, 12 \u015eubat 1741’de \u0130stanbul’da \u00f6lm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. E\u011fitimci, reformcu ve fikir adam\u0131d\u0131r. Bitlis’te do\u011fdu\u011fu i\u00e7in ad\u0131na Pagi\u015fetzi (Bitlisli), a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 k\u0131sa boylu oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in de Golod (k\u0131sa boylu) s\u0131fatlar\u0131 eklenen Hovhannes’in din adam\u0131 olmadan \u00f6nceki ad\u0131na kay\u0131tlarda rastlanm\u0131yor. \u0130lk\u00f6\u011frenimini Bitlis ‘teki Amrdol (veya Amlorti Surp Garabed) Manast\u0131r\u0131’nda g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015f. D\u00f6nemin \u00f6nemli ilim adam\u0131 ve teologu \u015eirvanl\u0131 Krikor’un \u00f6grencisi olmu\u015f. 1700’de Ba\u015fepiskopos Vartanp Pa\u011f\u0131\u015fetzi’den din adaml\u0131\u011f\u0131 r\u00fctbesi ald\u0131ktan sonra Kud\u00fcs’e gidip d\u00f6ner. Kud\u00fcs’\u00fcn durumunu d\u00fczeltmek i\u00e7in harcad\u0131\u011f\u0131 gayret sayg\u0131yla an\u0131l\u0131r. Bu g\u00f6revi yapabilmesi i\u00e7in ileri gelenlerin \u00f6nerisiyle \u0130stanbul’da patrik se\u00e7ilerek 1715’te IX. Hovhannes ad\u0131yla tahta \u00e7\u0131kar. Onun \u00e7abalar\u0131yla 1717’de Kud\u00fcs ve \u0130stanbul patriklikleri birbirinden ayr\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Ertesi y\u0131l meydana gelen Kumkap\u0131 yang\u0131n\u0131nda (6 Temmuz 1718) k\u00fcl olan patriklik kilisesi, yaln\u0131z 70 g\u00fcn i\u00e7erisinde eskisinden on kat daha g\u00fczel olarak in\u015fa edildi. Misyonerlerin \u00e7abalan sonucu Katolikli\u011fe ge\u00e7en Ermeniler i\u00e7in bir\u00e7ok kez \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131da bulunmas\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131n, hi\u00e7bir olumlu yan\u0131t alamad\u0131. 18-28 \u015eubat 1726’da Kumkap\u0131 Patriklik Kilisesi’nde Ba\u015fpatrik Ulnial\u0131 (bug\u00fcn S\u00fcleymanl\u0131) Garabed taraf\u0131ndan episkopos takdis edildi. K\u0131sa s\u00fcre sonra ”ba\u015fepiskoposluk” s\u0131fat\u0131n\u0131 da ald\u0131.<\/p>\n
Hovhannes Golod’un maddi deste\u011fi ve \u00e7abalar\u0131yla \u0130stanbul’da bir\u00e7ok kitap yaz\u0131ld\u0131, \u00e7evrildi ve yay\u0131mland\u0131. Bunlardan sadece \u00e7evirilerin say\u0131s\u0131 20’yi buluyor. \u00d6v\u00fcn\u00fclecek insanlar yeti\u015ftirmi\u015ftir; 20’yi a\u015fk\u0131n \u00f6\u011frencisinden 8’i ba\u015fepikopos, biri de (Hagop Nalyan) \u0130stanbul patri\u011fi olmu\u015ftur. Patrik Golod d\u00f6neminde Kumkap\u0131 Patriklik, Ortak\u00f6y Surp Asdvadzadzin, \u00dcsk\u00fcdar Surp Garabed ve Surp Ha\u00e7, Balat Surp Hre\u015fdagabet, Galata Surp Krikor Lusavori\u00e7 kiliseleri yeniden in\u015fa edildi. Samatya’daki Surp Kevork ve Hask\u00f6y’deki Surp \u0130stepanos kiliseleri de onar\u0131lan ibadethaneler aras\u0131nda g\u00f6sterilir. T\u00fcm hayat\u0131n\u0131 onar\u0131mlara, reformlara, e\u011fitime ve k\u00fclt\u00fcre adayan Hovhannes Golod’un naa\u015f\u0131 Karak\u00f6y’deki Surp Krikor Lusavori\u00e7 Kilisesi giri\u015fine defnedilmi\u015ftir. \u0130stimlakle 1958 y\u0131l\u0131nda y\u0131k\u0131lan kilisenin tekrar in\u015fas\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda (1966) kemikleri kilisenin alt\u0131nda yap\u0131lan mezarda toplan\u0131r. 500 y\u0131l\u0131 a\u015fk\u0131n \u0130stanbul Ermeni patrikli\u011fi tarihinde tahta \u00e7\u0131kan en \u00f6nemli patriklerin ba\u015f\u0131nda gelen IX. Hovhannes Golod i\u00e7in 1978’de do\u011fumunun 300. y\u0131l\u0131 dolay\u0131s\u0131yla gerek \u0130stanbul, gerekse yurt d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda geni\u015f \u00e7apl\u0131 anma g\u00fcnleri d\u00fczenlenmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n