{"id":6819,"date":"2011-07-13T04:12:41","date_gmt":"2011-07-13T09:12:41","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=6819"},"modified":"2011-07-13T04:12:41","modified_gmt":"2011-07-13T09:12:41","slug":"anayasa-mahkemesinden-irkci-karar","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/turkish\/2011\/07\/13\/anayasa-mahkemesinden-irkci-karar\/","title":{"rendered":"Anayasa Mahkemesi’nden \u0131rk\u00e7\u0131 karar"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"<\/a>ANKARA <\/strong>– Anayasa Mahkemesi, K\u00fcrtlere, Ermenilere, \u00c7erkezlere, S\u00fcryanilere kendi dillerinde soyad\u0131 yasa\u011f\u0131 getiren d\u00fczenlemeyi “hukuka uygun” buldu. Karar, Y\u00fcksek Mahkeme’nin ba\u015fkan\u0131n\u0131 dahi \u00e7ileden \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131. Ba\u015fkan “Ayr\u0131mc\u0131l\u0131k yap\u0131l\u0131yor”, Ba\u015fkanvekili “Irk\u00e7\u0131l\u0131k yap\u0131l\u0131yor” dedi; di\u011fer \u00fcyeler ise “Ulus kimli\u011fi korunmal\u0131d\u0131r” diyerek, yasa\u011f\u0131 savundu.<\/p>\n

Anayasa Mahkemesi, 1934 y\u0131l\u0131nda konulan soyad\u0131 yasa\u011f\u0131n\u0131 aradan 77 y\u0131la kar\u015f\u0131n korudu. \u00c7a\u011fd\u0131\u015f\u0131 yasak yabanc\u0131 isimlerin soyad\u0131 olarak kullan\u0131lamayaca\u011f\u0131na h\u00fckmediyordu. Mahkeme, yasak\u00e7\u0131 zihniyetin devam\u0131na karar verdi.<\/p>\n

S\u00fcryani bir vatanda\u015f olan Favlus Ay, ad\u0131n\u0131 ve soyad\u0131n\u0131 Paulus Bartuma olarak de\u011fi\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in dava a\u00e7t\u0131. Almak istedi\u011fi soyad\u0131 Bartuma S\u00fcryaniceydi. Midyat Asliye Hukuk Mahkemesi’ne ba\u015fvurdu. Ancak, 1934’te \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lan Soyad\u0131 Kanunu’nun “yabanc\u0131 \u0131rk ve millet isimleriyle soyad\u0131 al\u0131namaz” h\u00fckm\u00fc, Ay’\u0131n soyad\u0131n\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirmesini engelliyordu.<\/p>\n

AYRIMCILIK YAPILIYOR<\/p>\n

Favlus Ay, bu d\u00fczenlemenin iptali i\u00e7in Mahkemeden Anayasa Mahkemesi’ne ba\u015fvurmas\u0131n\u0131 istedi. Ay, d\u00fczenlemenin T\u00fcrk\u00e7e k\u00f6kenli olmayan soyadlar\u0131n\u0131n kullan\u0131m\u0131na engel oldu\u011fu, dolay\u0131s\u0131yla s\u00f6z konusu d\u00fczenlemenin \u0131rksal ve milletsel ay\u0131r\u0131m yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtti. Anayasa’n\u0131n e\u015fitlik ilkesi uyar\u0131nca a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a \u0131rklara dayal\u0131 ay\u0131r\u0131m yap\u0131lamayaca\u011f\u0131na dikkat \u00e7eken Ay, T\u00fcrk\u00e7eye ve T\u00fcrk\u00e7e k\u00f6kenli soyadlar\u0131 lehine ay\u0131r\u0131m yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bu durumun da a\u00e7\u0131k bir \u015fekilde e\u015fitlik ilkesine ayk\u0131r\u0131 oldu\u011funu belirtti. Midyat Mahkemesi de Anayasa Mahkemesi’ne ba\u015fvuru karar\u0131 ald\u0131. Yerel Mahkeme, Y\u00fcksek Mahkeme’ye verdi\u011fi ba\u015fvuru dilek\u00e7esinde \u015fu gerek\u00e7eleri ileri s\u00fcrd\u00fc:<\/p>\n

“Osmanl\u0131 Devleti\u2019nden bu yana onlarca dilden ve \u0131rktan insan Devletimizin s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 dahilinde ya\u015famlar\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015flerdir. Demokratik ve \u00e7a\u011fda\u015f toplumlar\u0131n en vazge\u00e7ilmez unsurlar\u0131nda biri, elbette ki temel hak ve \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fcklerdir. Bu haklar\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131nda insan\u0131n maddi ve manevi varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 geli\u015ftirme hakk\u0131 ve bu hak kapsam\u0131nda yorumlanan di\u011fer haklar da girmektedir. Toplumlar\u0131n kendi \u00f6rf ve adetlerini ya\u015famlar\u0131 ve k\u00fclt\u00fcrlerini geli\u015ftirmelerine imkan sa\u011flamak, Devlet\u2019in asli g\u00f6revleri aras\u0131nda yer almaktad\u0131r. Bu kapsamda da g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde insanlar\u0131n diledikleri soy isimleri, kamu d\u00fczenine, genel ahlaka ve T\u00fcrk gramatikal yap\u0131s\u0131na uygun olmak kayd\u0131yla kullanabilmelerine imkan tan\u0131nmal\u0131d\u0131r.”<\/p>\n

YASAK\u00c7I Z\u0130HN\u0130YET \u0130\u015e BA\u015eINDA<\/p>\n

Y\u00fcksek Mahkeme’nin 9 \u00fcyesi bu d\u00fczenlemeyi Anayasa’ya uygun buldu. E\u015fitlik ilkesinin “Ayn\u0131 durumda bulunan ki\u015filerin yasalar kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda ayn\u0131 i\u015fleme ba\u011fl\u0131 tutulmalar\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamak, ayr\u0131m yap\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 ve ayr\u0131cal\u0131k tan\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nlemektir” diyen \u00fcyeler, d\u00fczenlemenin e\u015fitlik ilkesine ayk\u0131r\u0131 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ifade etti. Yasada, \u201cHer T\u00fcrk \u00f6z ad\u0131ndan ba\u015fka soy ad\u0131n\u0131 da ta\u015f\u0131ma\u011fa mecburdur\u201d kural\u0131n\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a belirtildi\u011fine dikkat \u00e7eken \u00fcyeler, d\u00fczenlemeyi \u015fu gerek\u00e7elerle savundu:<\/p>\n

“Soyad\u0131n\u0131n soyun belirlenmesi, ailenin korunmas\u0131, ulusal birli\u011fin sa\u011flanmas\u0131, dil ve dil kimli\u011finin korunmas\u0131 gibi sebeplerle soyad\u0131 kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 yasal d\u00fczenlemelerle kural alt\u0131na almaktad\u0131r. Kamu yarar\u0131 ve kamu d\u00fczeni gerekleri uyar\u0131nca soyad\u0131 kullan\u0131m\u0131na yap\u0131lan bu m\u00fcdahalede, Anayasaya uygun olmak ko\u015fuluyla yasakoyucunun takdir hakk\u0131n\u0131n bulundu\u011fu a\u00e7\u0131kt\u0131r. Yasakoyucu kural ile birle\u015ftirici, b\u00fct\u00fcnle\u015ftirici, \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011fun i\u00e7inde az\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131n hak ve h\u00fcrriyetlerinde ayr\u0131mc\u0131l\u0131k yap\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 engelleyen, ulusal aidiyet ilkesi i\u00e7inde anayasal birliktelik alt\u0131nda ayn\u0131 topraklarda ve ortak atmosferde ya\u015fayan vatanda\u015flar y\u00f6n\u00fcnden ulus kimli\u011fi ve dili alt\u0131nda toplanan bir dil kimli\u011fi anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131 getirmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

ULUS B\u00dcT\u00dcNL\u00dc\u011e\u00dc \u0130\u00c7\u0130N<\/p>\n

Ulus b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn alg\u0131lanabilmesi ve ayn\u0131 iklimde ya\u015fayan insanlar\u0131n tasa ve k\u0131van\u00e7 ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131, koruma, kollama, yard\u0131mla\u015fma duygular\u0131n\u0131n devaml\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve birbirlerine kar\u015f\u0131 yabanc\u0131la\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6nlenmesi nedeniyle yasakoyucunun bu alana m\u00fcdahale yetkisi, kamu yarar\u0131 ve kamu d\u00fczeni niteli\u011fini i\u00e7ermekte ve takdir yetkisi i\u00e7inde kalmaktad\u0131r.”<\/p>\n

BA\u015eKAN B\u0130LE \u0130SYAN ETT\u0130<\/p>\n

Karara Anayasa Mahkemesi Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Ha\u015fim K\u0131l\u0131\u00e7 da isyan etti. Karara kar\u015f\u0131 oy kullanan K\u0131l\u0131\u00e7, Engin Y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m ile birlikte haz\u0131rlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131 oy gerek\u00e7esinde ayr\u0131mc\u0131l\u0131k yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 vurgulad\u0131. K\u0131l\u0131\u00e7, d\u00fczenlemeyi “1934 y\u0131l\u0131nda anla\u015f\u0131labilir olan bu kural, g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde b\u00fct\u00fcnle\u015ftirici ve birle\u015ftirici olmak bir yana, vatanda\u015flar\u0131n bir k\u0131sm\u0131nda, \u00f6zellikle \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011fu olu\u015fturanlardan farkl\u0131 etnik ve\/veya dini kimli\u011fe sahip olanlar aras\u0131nda hakl\u0131 olarak ayr\u0131mc\u0131l\u0131\u011fa u\u011frad\u0131klar\u0131 kan\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 do\u011furmakta, bu da milli birlik ve beraberli\u011fe asl\u0131nda zarar vermektedir. Bir insan toplulu\u011funu olu\u015fturan bireylerin ortak kaderi payla\u015fan bir birlik olma konusundaki iradeleri millet olgusunun olmazsa olmaz ko\u015fuludur. Dil, din, etnik ve \u0131rk farkl\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131 millet olmaya engel de\u011fildir” diye ele\u015ftirdi.<\/p>\n

FARKLI GRUPLARI YOK SAYAMAZSINIZ<\/p>\n

K\u0131l\u0131\u00e7, gerek\u00e7esinde, “Bir \u00fclkede ya\u015fayanlar\u0131n \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011fundan farkl\u0131 etnik ve\/veya dini kimlikler ta\u015f\u0131yan topluluklar\u0131n bu farkl\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 tek\u00e7i, homojenle\u015ftirici bir anlay\u0131\u015fla yok saymak, insan haklar\u0131n\u0131n ihlallidir. \u0130nsan haklar\u0131na dayal\u0131 demokratik ve \u00f6zg\u00fcr bir toplumda milli dayan\u0131\u015fma ruhu ve milli birlik, farkl\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131 bast\u0131rarak de\u011fil, onlar\u0131 tan\u0131yarak, onlar\u0131n zenginliklerden faydalan\u0131larak ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilebilir. Egemen unsurlardan farkl\u0131 \u00e7e\u015fitli etnik ve\/veya dini gruplara mensup vatanda\u015flar\u0131n ayr\u0131mc\u0131l\u0131\u011fa u\u011framamalar\u0131 anayasal birliktelik a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan hayati \u00f6neme haizdir” dedi. Yasan\u0131n yeniden d\u00fczenlenmesi gerekti\u011fini belirten<\/p>\n

K\u0131l\u0131\u00e7, \u015funlar\u0131 kaydetti: “Bireyin di\u011fer ki\u015filerden ay\u0131rt edilmesini sa\u011flayan, toplumdaki konumunu a\u00e7\u0131klamaya yarayan ve soyunun i\u015fareti olan soyad\u0131n\u0131 temel bir ki\u015filik hakk\u0131 olarak hi\u00e7bir s\u0131n\u0131rlamaya ba\u011fl\u0131 olmadan kullanmas\u0131 ve onu istemedi\u011fi s\u00fcrece de\u011fi\u015ftirmeye zorlanmamas\u0131, ki\u015finin maddi ve manevi varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 koruma ve geli\u015ftirme hakk\u0131n\u0131n do\u011fal bir sonucudur. Demokraside \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck as\u0131l, s\u0131n\u0131rland\u0131rma ise istisnad\u0131r. Soyad\u0131 mutlak bir hak olup, yasayla \u00f6zel olarak korunmaktad\u0131r. Kural olarak ki\u015finin istedi\u011fi herhangi bir ad\u0131 veya soyad\u0131n\u0131 almas\u0131 serbesttir.”<\/p>\n

BA\u015eKANVEK\u0130L\u0130 IRK\u00c7ILIKLA SU\u00c7LADI<\/p>\n

Ba\u015fkanvekili Osman Paks\u00fct de Mahkemenin karar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. “D\u00fcnyada \u0131rk\u00e7\u0131l\u0131k, uzun m\u00fccadeleler ve fedakarl\u0131klar sonucu ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ve insan haklar\u0131na dayal\u0131 \u00e7a\u011fda\u015f \u00fclkelerin hepsinde yasaklanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu nedenle \u00e7a\u011fda\u015f bir demokrasi ve hukuk devleti olma iddias\u0131nda olan T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyeti\u2019nin yasalar\u0131nda \u0131rk\u2019\u0131 referans alan bir kural\u0131n mevcudiyetini s\u00fcrd\u00fcrmesi olanakl\u0131 de\u011fildir. Soyad\u0131 Kanunu\u2019nun kabul\u00fc s\u0131ras\u0131nda toplumsal b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc sa\u011flama kayg\u0131s\u0131yla ve o g\u00fcn dahi amac\u0131n\u0131 a\u015fan \u015fekilde yasala\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 anla\u015f\u0131lan kural\u0131n mevzuat\u0131m\u0131zdan temizlenmesi i\u00e7in iptali gerekir” dedi.<\/p>\n

Y\u00fcksek Mahkeme’nin en eski \u00fcyelerinden Fulya Kantarc\u0131o\u011flu ile Fettah Oto da d\u00fczenlemeye tepki g\u00f6sterdi. \u0130ki \u00fcye kar\u015f\u0131 oy gerek\u00e7elerinde \u015fu ifadelere yer verdi:<\/p>\n

“Hangi etnik k\u00f6kenden gelirse gelsin T\u00fcrk Devletine vatanda\u015fl\u0131k ba\u011f\u0131 ile ba\u011fl\u0131 olan ve millet tan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n i\u00e7inde yer alan herkesin, milli k\u00fclt\u00fcr ve medeniyetin olu\u015fmas\u0131na katk\u0131da bulundu\u011funun kabul\u00fc gerekir. Burada \u00f6nemli olan ayn\u0131 topraklar \u00fczerinde ayn\u0131 devletin vatanda\u015f\u0131 olarak ya\u015fayanlar\u0131n, aralar\u0131ndaki milli birlik, beraberlik ve dayan\u0131\u015fma duygusudur. Ba\u015fka bir anlat\u0131mla, ki\u015finin kendisini o milletin bir bireyi olarak hissedip ayn\u0131 ortak ideallerin ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmesine katk\u0131da bulunmas\u0131d\u0131r. Yabanc\u0131 \u0131rk veya millet ismiyle soyad\u0131 alan bir ki\u015finin, sadece bu nedenle bir millete ait olman\u0131n birle\u015ftirici \u00f6zelliklerini ta\u015f\u0131yamayaca\u011f\u0131 varsay\u0131m\u0131yla ay\u0131r\u0131mc\u0131l\u0131\u011fa ba\u011fl\u0131 tutulmas\u0131n\u0131n, Anayasa ile ba\u011fda\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 kabul edilemez.”<\/p>\n

Hicabi Dursun, Celal M\u00fcmtaz Ak\u0131nc\u0131 ve Erdal Tercan da Mahkemenin karar\u0131na tepki g\u00f6sterdi.<\/p>\n

1 OY FARKLA<\/p>\n

8 oyun tepkilerine kar\u015f\u0131n Y\u00fcksek Mahkeme’nin Ahmet Akyal\u00e7\u0131n, Mehmet Erten, Serdar \u00d6zg\u00fcld\u00fcr, Serruh Kaleli, Zehra Ayla Perkta\u015f, Recep K\u00f6m\u00fcrc\u00fc, Alparslan Altan, Burhan \u00dcst\u00fcn, Nuri Necipo\u011flu’dan olu\u015fan 9 \u00fcyesi “ulus kimli\u011fi” a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan yasa\u011f\u0131n devam\u0131ndan yana g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f bildirdi. Bir oy farkla, T\u00fcrk ya da M\u00fcsl\u00fcman olmayanlara; K\u00fcrtlere, Ermenilere, Rumlara, S\u00fcryanilere, H\u0131ristiyanlara ve Yahudilere kendi dillerinde soyad\u0131 yasa\u011f\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f oldu.<\/p>\n

12 Temmuz 2011 <\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

ANF NEWS AGENCY <\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

ANKARA – Anayasa Mahkemesi, K\u00fcrtlere, Ermenilere, \u00c7erkezlere, S\u00fcryanilere kendi dillerinde soyad\u0131 yasa\u011f\u0131 getiren d\u00fczenlemeyi “hukuka uygun” buldu. Karar, Y\u00fcksek Mahkeme’nin ba\u015fkan\u0131n\u0131 dahi \u00e7ileden \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131. Ba\u015fkan “Ayr\u0131mc\u0131l\u0131k yap\u0131l\u0131yor”, Ba\u015fkanvekili “Irk\u00e7\u0131l\u0131k yap\u0131l\u0131yor” dedi; di\u011fer \u00fcyeler ise “Ulus kimli\u011fi korunmal\u0131d\u0131r” diyerek, yasa\u011f\u0131 savundu. Anayasa Mahkemesi, 1934 y\u0131l\u0131nda konulan soyad\u0131 yasa\u011f\u0131n\u0131 aradan 77 y\u0131la kar\u015f\u0131n korudu. \u00c7a\u011fd\u0131\u015f\u0131 yasak yabanc\u0131 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[14,15],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6819","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-haberler","category-haklarimiz"],"yoast_head":"\nAnayasa Mahkemesi'nden \u0131rk\u00e7\u0131 karar - Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/akunq.net\/turkish\/2011\/07\/13\/anayasa-mahkemesinden-irkci-karar\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Anayasa Mahkemesi'nden \u0131rk\u00e7\u0131 karar - Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"ANKARA – Anayasa Mahkemesi, K\u00fcrtlere, Ermenilere, \u00c7erkezlere, S\u00fcryanilere kendi dillerinde soyad\u0131 yasa\u011f\u0131 getiren d\u00fczenlemeyi “hukuka uygun” buldu. Karar, Y\u00fcksek Mahkeme’nin ba\u015fkan\u0131n\u0131 dahi \u00e7ileden \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131. Ba\u015fkan “Ayr\u0131mc\u0131l\u0131k yap\u0131l\u0131yor”, Ba\u015fkanvekili “Irk\u00e7\u0131l\u0131k yap\u0131l\u0131yor” dedi; di\u011fer \u00fcyeler ise “Ulus kimli\u011fi korunmal\u0131d\u0131r” diyerek, yasa\u011f\u0131 savundu. Anayasa Mahkemesi, 1934 y\u0131l\u0131nda konulan soyad\u0131 yasa\u011f\u0131n\u0131 aradan 77 y\u0131la kar\u015f\u0131n korudu. \u00c7a\u011fd\u0131\u015f\u0131 yasak yabanc\u0131 […]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/akunq.net\/turkish\/2011\/07\/13\/anayasa-mahkemesinden-irkci-karar\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2011-07-13T09:12:41+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/akunq.net\/turkish\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2011\/07\/Anayasa-Mahkemesi.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"186\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"139\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"kalem\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"kalem\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"7 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/akunq.net\/turkish\/2011\/07\/13\/anayasa-mahkemesinden-irkci-karar\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/akunq.net\/turkish\/2011\/07\/13\/anayasa-mahkemesinden-irkci-karar\/\",\"name\":\"Anayasa Mahkemesi'nden \u0131rk\u00e7\u0131 karar - 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