{"id":634,"date":"2010-01-11T03:19:51","date_gmt":"2010-01-11T08:19:51","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=634"},"modified":"2010-01-11T03:19:51","modified_gmt":"2010-01-11T08:19:51","slug":"vagarsapat","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/turkish\/2010\/01\/11\/vagarsapat\/","title":{"rendered":"Va\u011far\u015fapat"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Aziz E\u00e7miadzin Kilisesi\u2019nin surlar\u0131n\u0131n d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda, solda Aziz Gayane, <\/strong><\/p>\n

sa\u011fda Aziz H\u0131ripsime kiliseleri, \u015earden\u2019in resmi, 1711 y\u0131l\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n

Va\u011far\u015fapat \u015fehriyle ilgili en eski verileri Ermeni Ararat K\u0131rall\u0131\u011f\u0131 h\u00fck\u00fcmdarlar\u0131ndan II. Rusa (M.\u00d6. 685-645) taraf\u0131ndan yazd\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f \u00e7ivi yaz\u0131tlar\u0131ndan bize ula\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Zvartnots M\u00fczesi\u2019nde korunan bu yaz\u0131tlarda II. Rusa\u2019n\u0131n, \u0130ldaruni (Hrazdan) Nehri\u2019nden kendi ad\u0131n\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131yan bir kanal a\u00e7t\u0131r\u0131p su getirerek ba\u011flar diktirdi\u011fi ve b\u00f6lgeye Guarlini ad\u0131n\u0131 verdi\u011fi belirtilmektedir.<\/p>\n

Ermeni kral\u0131 Yervand Kanaatk\u00e2r\u2019\u0131n (M.\u00d6. 570-560) damad\u0131 Vardges Manuk ayn\u0131 b\u00f6lgede, Kasakh Nehri yak\u0131nlar\u0131nda bir yerle\u015fim yeri in\u015fa ederek Vardgesavan olarak adland\u0131r\u0131r.<\/p>\n

II. Tigran (B\u00fcy\u00fck Tigran, M.\u00d6. 95-55), Filistine ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirdi\u011fi ak\u0131nlar\u0131ndan d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnde bir yahudi cemaatini Vardgesavan\u2019a getirerek yerle\u015ftirir ve b\u00f6ylece bu yerle\u015fim yeri ticari merkeze d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

Ar\u015fakuni Hanedanl\u0131\u011f\u0131\u2019ndan I. Va\u011far\u015f (117-140) Vardgesavan \u015fehrini bur\u00e7larla donat\u0131lm\u0131\u015f surlarla \u00e7evirir, \u015fehri yeni evler ve kral saray\u0131yla geni\u015fletir, ad\u0131n\u0131 Va\u011far\u015fapat\u2019a \u00e7evirerek ba\u015fkente d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

\u015eehrin i\u00e7kalesinde Anahit-Artemis tap\u0131na\u011f\u0131, kral saray\u0131, resmi binalar, garnizon, hapishane, hamam vb. binalar in\u015fa edilir.<\/p>\n

\u015eehir, g\u00fcney taraf\u0131ndan Parkenpos an\u0131lan ve Kasakh Nehri\u2019nin sular\u0131yla beslenen derin bir kanal, g\u00fcneybat\u0131dan ise \u00f6l\u00fcm cezalar\u0131n\u0131n infaz edildi\u011fi geni\u015f bir batakl\u0131kla korunmu\u015ftu. Surlar\u0131n d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda at\u00f6lyeler, mezarl\u0131k ve g\u00fcne\u015f tanr\u0131s\u0131 Mihr\u2019in tap\u0131na\u011f\u0131 bulunmaktayd\u0131. Bu tap\u0131na\u011f\u0131n yerinde bug\u00fcn, 618 y\u0131l\u0131nda ba\u015fpatrik (katolikos, Ermeni kilisesinin ba\u015f\u0131) Komitas A.A\u011ftsetsi\u00a0 taraf\u0131ndan in\u015fa edilmi\u015f olan Aziz H\u0131ripsime Kilisesi bulunmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Tarihi fotolar, <\/strong><\/p>\n

E\u00e7miadzin\u2019deki Aziz Gayane ve Aziz H\u0131ripsime kiliseleri 19. yy. sonlar\u0131nda<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n

I. Va\u011far\u015fak\u2019\u0131n \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnden sonra Romal\u0131lar, Yemesay (Homs) hanedan\u0131 mensubu kons\u00fcl Sohemos\u2019u (140-161) Ermenistan kral\u0131 olarak tayin ederler. Sohemos, Ermeni tarih\u00e7ilerin babas\u0131 olarak kabul edilen Movses Khorenatsi (Khorenli) taraf\u0131ndan Tigran olarak an\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Yeni kral Arta\u015fat\u2019ta h\u00fck\u00fcm s\u00fcrer. M\u00fcttefik Ermeni ve Pers ordular\u0131 kendisini \u00fclkeden kovarlar. Romal\u0131lar, 162 y\u0131l\u0131nda Arta\u015fat\u2019\u0131 ele ge\u00e7irip y\u0131kar, 163 y\u0131l\u0131nda ise Va\u011far\u015fapat \u015fehrinin savunma sistemini g\u00fc\u00e7lendirerek \u015fehri Kaynopolis (Yeni \u015eehir) adland\u0131r\u0131r ve ba\u015fkent ilan ederler. Sohemos, Roma\u2019dan d\u00f6nerek 185 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar h\u00fck\u00fcm s\u00fcrer.<\/p>\n

Ar\u015fakuni hanedan\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7\u00f6k\u00fc\u015f\u00fcne kadar (428) Va\u011far\u015fapat \u015fehri ba\u015fkent olarak kal\u0131r.<\/p>\n

301 y\u0131l\u0131nda H\u0131ristiyanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n Ermenistan\u2019da devlet dini olarak kabul edili\u015finden sonra dini-k\u00fclt\u00fcrel ve ulusal a\u00e7\u0131dan \u015fehrin \u00f6nemi y\u00fckselir.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

E\u00e7miadzin Ana Kilisesi\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 dini okulun giri\u015fi<\/strong><\/p>\n

301\u2019de Aziz Grigor Ayd\u0131nlat\u0131c\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan Sandaramet tap\u0131na\u011f\u0131 y\u0131k\u0131larak ayn\u0131 yerde \u201cB\u00fcy\u00fck Kilise\u201d in\u015fa edilir. Bu kilisenin in\u015fas\u0131 303\u2019te tamamlan\u0131r. Daha sonra bu kilise Aziz E\u00e7miadzin, \u015fehir ise XIII.-XV. y\u00fczy\u0131llar\u0131ndan itibaren E\u00e7miadzin olarak adland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. Aziz Grigor Ayd\u0131nlat\u0131c\u0131\u2019n\u0131n ba\u015fpatriklik d\u00f6neminde (302-325) ba\u015fpatriklik makam\u0131 ve rahiplerin ik\u00e2metg\u00e2hlar\u0131 in\u015fa edilir, Yunanca ve Asurca \u00f6\u011fretilen okullar a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n

335 y\u0131l\u0131nda, \u0130ran \u015fah\u0131 II. \u015eabuh (309-379) taraf\u0131ndan k\u0131\u015f\u0131rt\u0131lan Kuzey Kafkasya kabileleri Va\u011far\u015fapat\u2019a kadar ilerleyerek \u015fehri i\u015fgal ederler. Ermenistan ordular\u0131 komutan\u0131 Va\u00e7e Mamikonyan 336 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u015fehri kurtar\u0131r. 368-369 y\u0131llar\u0131nda II. \u015eabuh, bir dizi \u015fehirlerle birlikte Va\u011far\u015fapat\u2019\u0131 da ele ge\u00e7irir. Pavstos P\u00fczant (IV. veya V. y\u00fczy\u0131l Ermeni tarih\u00e7isi) \u015fehrin y\u0131k\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131, yerle bir edildi\u011fi ve on dokuz bin ailenin esir olarak g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc belirtmektedir.<\/p>\n

Ermeni alfabesinin yeniden hayata ge\u00e7irilmesinden (404-405) sonra, \u00fclkenin di\u011fer \u015fehirlerinde oldu\u011fu gibi Va\u011far\u015fapat\u2019ta da Ermenice okullar\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>Tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015f tarih\u00e7i ve din adam\u0131 \u011eazar Parpetsi (Parpili, 442 ?-IV. y\u00fczy\u0131l ba\u015flar\u0131), Va\u011far\u015fapat manast\u0131r\u0131 ba\u015frahibi (486-491) olarak yaz\u0131mhane ve ilk k\u00fct\u00fcphaneyi kurar. Bu k\u00fct\u00fcphanenin zamanla zengile\u015fen koleksiyonu daha sonra Yerevan Matenadaran\u0131\u2019n\u0131 (d\u00fcnyan\u0131n\u0131 en b\u00fcy\u00fck el yazmalar\u0131 koleksiyonu) olu\u015fturmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

Zvartnots kilisesi kal\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0Kilikya Ermeni Krall\u0131\u011f\u0131\u2019\u0131n (1080-1375) \u00e7\u00f6k\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnden sonra, ba\u015fpatrikli\u011fin art\u0131k eski ba\u015fkent Sis\u2019te (Kozan) kalmas\u0131n\u0131n uygun olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan dolay\u0131 1441 y\u0131l\u0131nda Va\u011far\u015fapat-E\u00e7miadzin\u2019de Ermeni kilisesi kurallar\u0131na g\u00f6re ulusal-dini b\u00fcy\u00fck toplant\u0131 yap\u0131l\u0131r. Ba\u015f Makam, D\u00fcnya Ermenileri Ba\u015fpatrikli\u011fi\u2019nin yeniden E\u00e7miadzin\u2019e yerle\u015fmesine karar verilip I. Kirakos Virapetsi (Virapl\u0131) ba\u015fpatrik (1441-1442) se\u00e7ilir.<\/p>\n

1604 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u015eah I. Abbas (1571-1629) Va\u011far\u015fapat \u015fehrine ve Aziz E\u00e7miadzin kilisesine b\u00fcy\u00fck zarar verir. Ararat Ovas\u0131 halk\u0131n\u0131 \u0130ran\u2019a tehcir ettirir. Halk\u0131 \u0130sfahan\u2019a yerle\u015fik k\u0131lmak amac\u0131yla Aziz E\u00e7miadzin katedralinin ta\u015flar\u0131n\u0131 tek-tek s\u00f6kerek \u0130sfahan\u2019a ta\u015f\u0131maya karar verir. 15 kutsal ta\u015f ve emanet b\u00fcy\u00fck zorluklarla ta\u015f\u0131nd\u0131ktan sonra (1615) projenin imk\u00e2ns\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 anlayarak niyetinden vaz ge\u00e7er.<\/p>\n

Ana Kilise\u2019nin \u00e7an kulesinin yap\u0131m\u0131na 1654 y\u0131l\u0131nda ba\u015flanarak 1658 y\u0131l\u0131nda tamamlan\u0131r.<\/p>\n

I.Simeon Yerevantsi (Yerevanl\u0131) ba\u015fpatrikin (1763-1780) \u00e7abalar\u0131yla E\u00e7miadzin\u2019de matbaa kurularak 1772 y\u0131l\u0131nda ilk kitap \u201cRuhani Gezinti\u201d bas\u0131l\u0131r. Bundan d\u00f6rt y\u0131l sonra ise k\u00e2\u011f\u0131t fabrikas\u0131 kurulur.<\/p>\n

1828 y\u0131l\u0131nda Va\u011far\u015fapat ve t\u00fcm Do\u011fu Ermenistan, nihayi olarak Rusya\u2019ya ba\u011flan\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Ba\u015fpatrik IV. Georg Konstantunopolsetsi (Konstantinopelli, 1866-1882), E\u00e7miadzin matbaas\u0131n\u0131 geli\u015ftirip, 1919 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar yay\u0131nlanacak olan ba\u015fpatriklik dergisi \u201cArarat\u201d\u0131n (1868) yay\u0131n\u0131n\u0131 ba\u015flat\u0131r. E\u00e7miadzin M\u00fczesi\u2019ni kurar. Aragadz Da\u011f\u0131 (Alagyaz, Alag\u00f6z, Elag\u00f6z) Da\u011f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n eteklerinde, P\u00fcrakan K\u00f6y\u00fc\u2019nde ba\u015fpatriklik yazl\u0131k konutunu (1873), E\u00e7miadzin\u2019de ise \u00f6\u011frenci say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n 1882\u2019de 336\u2019ya ula\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 Georgyan Dini Okul\u2019u (1874) in\u015fa ettirir. O\u015fakan K\u00f6y\u00fc\u2019ndeki, Aziz Mesrop Ma\u015ftots\u2019un kemiklerinin istirahat etti\u011fi, Aziz Mesrop Kilisesi\u2019ni (1879) restore ettirir.<\/p>\n

1895-96 k\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131 neticesinde Bat\u0131 Ermenistan\u2019dan binlerce g\u00f6\u00e7men Va\u011far\u015fapat\u2019a s\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Yeni katolikosluk makam\u0131n\u0131n mimari projesi, <\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n

mimar P.Zohrapyan-1910, i\u00e7 restorasyon-1957-1962<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n

1915\u2019te, Osmanl\u0131 ordusunun Transkafkasya\u2019ya yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ileri hareket g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcnde tutularak 4000\u2019in \u00fczerinde el yazmas\u0131 E\u00e7miadzin\u2019den Moskova\u2019ya nakledilir. Sovyet rejimi d\u00f6neminde bu elyazmalar\u0131 tekrar iade edilir.<\/p>\n

1916\u2019da, Van G\u00f6l\u00fc\u2019n\u00fcn Ahtamar ile Ktuts adalar\u0131ndan ve Van\u2019\u0131n Varaga Manast\u0131r\u0131\u2019ndan (Yedikiliseler) E\u00e7miadzin\u2019e 1526 el yazmas\u0131 nakledilir.<\/p>\n

1918 may\u0131s\u0131nda, Sardarapat Muharebesi g\u00fcnlerinde Va\u011far\u015fapat\u2019ta g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fc birlikleri te\u015fkil edilir.<\/p>\n

1939 y\u0131l\u0131nda, Ermenistan H\u00fck\u00fcmeti\u2019nin emriyle, E\u00e7miadzin\u2019deki t\u00fcm el yazmalar\u0131 Yerevan\u2019a nakledilir ve 1959 y\u0131l\u0131nda Yerevan\u2019daki \u201cMesrop Ma\u015ftots\u201d Matenadaran\u0131\u2019na yerle\u015ftirilir.<\/p>\n

Ba\u015fpatrik I. Vazgen (1955-1994) d\u00f6neminde Ana Kilise, Aziz H\u0131ripsime ve Aziz Gayane kiliseleri temelden restore edilir, soyk\u0131r\u0131m kurbanlar\u0131n\u0131 anma an\u0131t\u0131 in\u015fa edilir.<\/p>\n

1926\u2019da, 46 dinadam\u0131 ve 95 d\u00fcnyeviden olu\u015fan 141 vekilin kat\u0131l\u0131m\u0131yla ulusal-dini toplant\u0131 yap\u0131l\u0131r. Bu toplant\u0131da, di\u011fer konular\u0131n yan\u0131nda \u201cErmeni Kilisesi T\u00fcz\u00fc\u011f\u00fc haz\u0131rlamak\u201d ve \u201cErmeni kilisesi birli\u011finin sa\u011flamla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131\u201d sorunlar\u0131 da ele al\u0131n\u0131r.<\/p>\n

1966 y\u0131l\u0131nda, ilk Ermenice \u0130ncil\u2019in yay\u0131nlanmas\u0131n\u0131n 300\u2019\u00fcnc\u00fc y\u0131ld\u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fc b\u00fcy\u00fck t\u00f6renlerle kutlan\u0131r. Bu, 1500 sayfal\u0131k b\u00fcy\u00fck \u201cVoskanyan \u0130ncili\u201d Amterdam\u2019da, \u201cAziz E\u00e7miadzin\u201d matbaas\u0131nda, rahip Voskan Yerevantsi (Yerevanl\u0131) taraf\u0131ndan bas\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, bas\u0131m \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 2 y\u0131l 7 ay s\u00fcrerek 1668 y\u0131l\u0131nda tamamlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

1982\u2019de Aziz E\u00e7miadzin\u2019in \u201cHazinehane\u201d m\u00fczesi kurulur.<\/p>\n

29 eyl\u00fcl 1991\u2019da ba\u015fpatrik Vazgen, kutsad\u0131\u011f\u0131 6. M\u00fcron\u2019u (kutsal ya\u011f) \u201cBa\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k M\u00fcronu\u201d olarak adland\u0131r\u0131r. Ba\u015fpatrikler, ilki se\u00e7ilmelerinin hemen akabinde olmak \u00fczere, her 7 y\u0131lda bir M\u00fcron kutsarlar.<\/p>\n

1992\u2019de, \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc Ermenistan Cumhuriyeti H\u00fck\u00fcmeti karar\u0131yla E\u00e7miadzin \u015fehri<\/p>\n

yeniden Va\u011far\u015fapat olarak adland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Armen K\u00fcrk\u00e7\u00fcyan<\/strong>\u00a0 http:\/\/ermeni.hayem.org\/ermenice\/mayraqaghaqner_uni.htm<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Aziz E\u00e7miadzin Kilisesi\u2019nin surlar\u0131n\u0131n d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda, solda Aziz Gayane, sa\u011fda Aziz H\u0131ripsime kiliseleri, \u015earden\u2019in resmi, 1711 y\u0131l\u0131 Va\u011far\u015fapat \u015fehriyle ilgili en eski verileri Ermeni Ararat K\u0131rall\u0131\u011f\u0131 h\u00fck\u00fcmdarlar\u0131ndan II. Rusa (M.\u00d6. 685-645) taraf\u0131ndan yazd\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f \u00e7ivi yaz\u0131tlar\u0131ndan bize ula\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Zvartnots M\u00fczesi\u2019nde korunan bu yaz\u0131tlarda II. Rusa\u2019n\u0131n, \u0130ldaruni (Hrazdan) Nehri\u2019nden kendi ad\u0131n\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131yan bir kanal a\u00e7t\u0131r\u0131p su getirerek ba\u011flar […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[53],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-634","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-buyuk-haykin-baskentleri"],"yoast_head":"\nVa\u011far\u015fapat - Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/akunq.net\/turkish\/2010\/01\/11\/vagarsapat\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Va\u011far\u015fapat - Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Aziz E\u00e7miadzin Kilisesi\u2019nin surlar\u0131n\u0131n d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda, solda Aziz Gayane, sa\u011fda Aziz H\u0131ripsime kiliseleri, \u015earden\u2019in resmi, 1711 y\u0131l\u0131 Va\u011far\u015fapat \u015fehriyle ilgili en eski verileri Ermeni Ararat K\u0131rall\u0131\u011f\u0131 h\u00fck\u00fcmdarlar\u0131ndan II. Rusa (M.\u00d6. 685-645) taraf\u0131ndan yazd\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f \u00e7ivi yaz\u0131tlar\u0131ndan bize ula\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Zvartnots M\u00fczesi\u2019nde korunan bu yaz\u0131tlarda II. 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