{"id":5557,"date":"2011-04-02T02:58:44","date_gmt":"2011-04-02T07:58:44","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=5557"},"modified":"2011-04-02T02:58:44","modified_gmt":"2011-04-02T07:58:44","slug":"sper-ispir","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/turkish\/2011\/04\/02\/sper-ispir\/","title":{"rendered":"Sper (\u0130spir)"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><strong>Sper (\u0130spir), <\/strong><em>\u0130sper, Isper, Khasto Dzor (Khasto Vadisi)<\/em>: Y\u00fcksek Hayk Eyaleti\u2019nde, \u00c7orokh (\u00c7oruh) Nehri\u2019nin yukar\u0131 k\u0131sm\u0131ndaki b\u00f6lge. Bagratuni hanedan\u0131n\u0131n mirasla ge\u00e7en m\u00fclk\u00fc. Y\u00f6netim merkezi Sper kale-\u015fehri olmu\u015ftur. Sper kalesi \u00e7ok \u00fcnl\u00fcyd\u00fc. Sper, alt\u0131n ve g\u00fcm\u00fc\u015f madenleriyle tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131 ve bu madenlerin kullan\u0131lmas\u0131yla ilgili en eski bilgiler M.\u00d6. IV. y\u00fczy\u0131la dayanmaktad\u0131r. Halk tar\u0131m, \u00f6zellikle de ba\u011fc\u0131l\u0131k, hayvanc\u0131l\u0131k ve ar\u0131c\u0131l\u0131kla u\u011fra\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">M.\u00d6. II. biny\u0131lda Sper, Hayasa-Azi \u0131rk birli\u011fi b\u00fcnyesine, M.\u00d6. VIII. y\u00fczy\u0131lda Van, daha sonra ise Yervanduni krall\u0131klar\u0131na d\u00e2hil olmu\u015ftur. Son ara\u015ft\u0131rmalara istinaden Sper ismi, M.\u00d6. VII. y\u00fczy\u0131l ba\u015flar\u0131nda Ermeni Y\u00fcksek Platosu\u2019na yerle\u015fip Ermeni halk\u0131n\u0131n etnogenine kar\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015f olan \u0130skit as veya aspayr \u0131rklar\u0131ndan gelmektedir.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">M.\u00d6. IV. y\u00fczy\u0131l sonlar\u0131nda K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck Hayk Krall\u0131\u011f\u0131, M.\u00d6. II. y\u00fczy\u0131l sonundan itibaren ise Pontus Devleti b\u00fcnyesinde bulunmu\u015ftur. M.\u00d6. 66 y\u0131l\u0131nda yap\u0131lan antla\u015fmaya g\u00f6re Sper, baz\u0131 kom\u015fu b\u00f6lgelerle birlikte B\u00fcy\u00fck Hayk\u2019a ge\u00e7mi\u015f, M.\u00d6. II. y\u00fczy\u0131lda ise \u00f6nce Arsik, daha sonra da, IV. y\u00fczy\u0131lda Y\u00fcksek Hayk\u2019\u0131n eyaletlerine d\u00e2hil olmu\u015ftur. Sper, ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7ta \u201cel alt\u0131ndaki y\u00f6netim b\u00f6lgesi\u201d, daha sonra ise miras yoluyla devredilen m\u00fclk olarak Bagratunilere ait olmu\u015ftur. Yaz\u0131l\u0131 kay\u0131tlara g\u00f6re Baberd (g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde Bayburt) ve Sinoria (Sinor) kaleleri, S\u0131mbatavan (Sper) ve \u0130\u015fkhanadzor k\u00f6yler, Posits drunk veya Posadurn da\u011f ge\u00e7idi vs. Sper\u2019e ait olmu\u015flard\u0131r. Ermenistan\u2019\u0131n 387 y\u0131l\u0131ndaki b\u00f6l\u00fcnmesiyle Sper, Y\u00fcksek Hayk\u2019\u0131n b\u00fcnyesinde olarak Roma \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu\u2019na ge\u00e7mi\u015ftir (395\u2019ten sonra Bizans \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">Arap ak\u0131nlar\u0131 (VIII. y\u00fczy\u0131l ba\u015flar\u0131) sonucunda Arminia y\u00f6netimine, 885\u2019te Bagratuni Ermeni Krall\u0131\u011f\u0131\u2019na ba\u011flanm\u0131\u015f, 1555 y\u0131l\u0131nda ise Osmanl\u0131 Devletine ge\u00e7mi\u015ftir. Osmanl\u0131 idari b\u00f6l\u00fcnmesi sonucu Sper, Baberd ve Sper olmak \u00fczere iki b\u00f6lgeye b\u00f6l\u00fcnm\u00fc\u015f ve bu b\u00f6lgeler ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z sancaklar olarak Erzrum (Erzurum) Vilayeti\u2019ne d\u00e2hil olmu\u015flard\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">XVII. y\u00fczy\u0131lda Sper, hemen-hemen sadece Ermenilerden m\u00fcte\u015fekkil bir n\u00fcfusa sahip olmu\u015f, l\u00e2kin y\u0131k\u0131c\u0131 Osmanl\u0131-\u0130ran sava\u015flar\u0131 ve Osmanl\u0131\u2019n\u0131n bask\u0131 rejimi sonucunda binlerce Ermeni dinlerini de\u011fi\u015ftirmeye (\u00f6zellikle XVIII. y\u00fczy\u0131lda) veya farkl\u0131 \u00fclkelere g\u00f6\u00e7 etmeye (bilhassa 1829\u201330 y\u0131llar\u0131nda Rusya\u2019ya ge\u00e7mi\u015f olan Akhaltskha\/Ah\u0131ska ve Akhalkalak\u2019a\/Ahalkalak) mecbur kalm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">XX. y\u00fczy\u0131l ba\u015flar\u0131nda Sper\u2019in M\u00fcsl\u00fcman toplumunun b\u00fcy\u00fck bir k\u0131sm\u0131 halen \u00e7ok say\u0131da Ermeni adetlerini hatta yer-yer dillerini dahi korumaktayd\u0131. Sanca\u011fa ba\u011fl\u0131 k\u00f6ylerin isimleri dahi bozulmadan kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131 (A\u011fbrik, Asprants, B\u0131lur, Gandzagrak, Gompor, Go\u015f\u0131m\u015fat veya Gome\u015f\u015fat, Darb\u0131ni, Khothark, Dsa\u011fkots, Ko\u011fonts, Matur, Mog\u015fen, N\u0131\u015fenut, Norg\u00e2kh veya Norge\u011f, Patkrents, Sala\u00e7or veya Salorcur, Vardenik, Ta\u00e7arak, Tandzut, Tap, Kandzor, Karvants vs.). Sper b\u00f6lgesinde say\u0131s\u0131z Ermeni an\u0131tlar\u0131 bulunmaktayd\u0131. Bunlardan en tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015f\u0131 b\u00f6lgenin eski ruhani merkezi olan Surb (Aziz) Hovhannes M\u0131k\u0131rti\u00e7 Manast\u0131r\u0131\u2019d\u0131r (Kandzora Anapat veya Speri Vank).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">Soyk\u0131r\u0131m g\u00fcnlerinde Sper\u2019in 4 bine yak\u0131n H\u0131ristiyan Ermenileri katledilmi\u015f, az say\u0131da kurtulabilenler ise farkl\u0131 \u00fclkelere s\u0131\u011f\u0131nm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><strong>K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck Ermeni Ansiklopedisi, 4. Cilt, Yerevan, 2003.<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Sper (\u0130spir), \u0130sper, Isper, Khasto Dzor (Khasto Vadisi): Y\u00fcksek Hayk Eyaleti\u2019nde, \u00c7orokh (\u00c7oruh) Nehri\u2019nin yukar\u0131 k\u0131sm\u0131ndaki b\u00f6lge. Bagratuni hanedan\u0131n\u0131n mirasla ge\u00e7en m\u00fclk\u00fc. Y\u00f6netim merkezi Sper kale-\u015fehri olmu\u015ftur. Sper kalesi \u00e7ok \u00fcnl\u00fcyd\u00fc. Sper, alt\u0131n ve g\u00fcm\u00fc\u015f madenleriyle tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131 ve bu madenlerin kullan\u0131lmas\u0131yla ilgili en eski bilgiler M.\u00d6. IV. y\u00fczy\u0131la dayanmaktad\u0131r. Halk tar\u0131m, \u00f6zellikle de ba\u011fc\u0131l\u0131k, hayvanc\u0131l\u0131k [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[54],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5557","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-buyuk-haykin-ilceleri"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.6 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Sper (\u0130spir) - Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/akunq.net\/turkish\/2011\/04\/02\/sper-ispir\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Sper (\u0130spir) - Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Sper (\u0130spir), \u0130sper, Isper, Khasto Dzor (Khasto Vadisi): Y\u00fcksek Hayk Eyaleti\u2019nde, \u00c7orokh (\u00c7oruh) Nehri\u2019nin yukar\u0131 k\u0131sm\u0131ndaki b\u00f6lge. Bagratuni hanedan\u0131n\u0131n mirasla ge\u00e7en m\u00fclk\u00fc. Y\u00f6netim merkezi Sper kale-\u015fehri olmu\u015ftur. Sper kalesi \u00e7ok \u00fcnl\u00fcyd\u00fc. Sper, alt\u0131n ve g\u00fcm\u00fc\u015f madenleriyle tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131 ve bu madenlerin kullan\u0131lmas\u0131yla ilgili en eski bilgiler M.\u00d6. IV. y\u00fczy\u0131la dayanmaktad\u0131r. 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Bagratuni hanedan\u0131n\u0131n mirasla ge\u00e7en m\u00fclk\u00fc. Y\u00f6netim merkezi Sper kale-\u015fehri olmu\u015ftur. Sper kalesi \u00e7ok \u00fcnl\u00fcyd\u00fc. Sper, alt\u0131n ve g\u00fcm\u00fc\u015f madenleriyle tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131 ve bu madenlerin kullan\u0131lmas\u0131yla ilgili en eski bilgiler M.\u00d6. IV. y\u00fczy\u0131la dayanmaktad\u0131r. Halk tar\u0131m, \u00f6zellikle de ba\u011fc\u0131l\u0131k, hayvanc\u0131l\u0131k [&hellip;]","og_url":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/turkish\/2011\/04\/02\/sper-ispir\/","og_site_name":"Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi","article_published_time":"2011-04-02T07:58:44+00:00","author":"kalem","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"kalem","Est. reading time":"3 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/turkish\/2011\/04\/02\/sper-ispir\/","url":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/turkish\/2011\/04\/02\/sper-ispir\/","name":"Sper (\u0130spir) - Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/turkish\/#website"},"datePublished":"2011-04-02T07:58:44+00:00","author":{"@id":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/turkish\/#\/schema\/person\/135e7923d1aeb8887890799619969a6c"},"breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/turkish\/2011\/04\/02\/sper-ispir\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/akunq.net\/turkish\/2011\/04\/02\/sper-ispir\/"]}]},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/turkish\/2011\/04\/02\/sper-ispir\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/turkish\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Sper (\u0130spir)"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/turkish\/#website","url":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/turkish\/","name":"Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi","description":"","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/turkish\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/turkish\/#\/schema\/person\/135e7923d1aeb8887890799619969a6c","name":"kalem","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/turkish\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/a06875e4b25feb5674296adf8e8a7ae1e587cebce2493fe63c456109967e27d3?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/a06875e4b25feb5674296adf8e8a7ae1e587cebce2493fe63c456109967e27d3?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"kalem"},"url":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/turkish\/author\/kalem\/"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/turkish\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5557","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/turkish\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/turkish\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/turkish\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/turkish\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5557"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/turkish\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5557\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/turkish\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5557"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/turkish\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5557"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/turkish\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5557"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}