{"id":4539,"date":"2011-03-03T04:59:02","date_gmt":"2011-03-03T09:59:02","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=4539"},"modified":"2011-03-03T04:59:02","modified_gmt":"2011-03-03T09:59:02","slug":"musluman-olmayan-azinliklar-raporu-2011","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/turkish\/2011\/03\/03\/musluman-olmayan-azinliklar-raporu-2011\/","title":{"rendered":"M\u00dcSL\u00dcMAN OLMAYAN AZINLIKLAR RAPORU 2011"},"content":{"rendered":"

Ama\u00e7<\/strong><\/p>\n

Bu raporun amac\u0131, Avrupa Birli\u011fine girmeye ve \u00e7a\u011fda\u015f demokratik bir anayasa yapmaya haz\u0131rlanan \u00fclkemizde ya\u015fayan az\u0131nl\u0131klar\u0131n sorunlar\u0131n\u0131, insan ve az\u0131nl\u0131k haklar\u0131na uygun \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm yollar\u0131n\u0131 toplumun dikkatine sunmakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u00d6ns\u00f6z<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00c7ok k\u00fclt\u00fcrl\u00fc, \u00e7ok hukuklu, \u00e7ok kavimli Osmanl\u0131 \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu, tek hukuklu, tek k\u00fclt\u00fcrl\u00fc ve homojen bir halk \u00f6zlemindeki ulus devlete d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce, do\u011fal olarak \u00f6zellikle M\u00fcsl\u00fcman olmayan az\u0131nl\u0131klar i\u00e7in zor g\u00fcnler ba\u015flad\u0131. Ulus devlet yap\u0131s\u0131 gere\u011fi \u00f6ncelikle homojen bir toplum hedefliyordu. Homojen bir toplum i\u00e7in de ya az\u0131nl\u0131klar\u0131 asimile etmek ve susturmak ya da \u00fclkeden ayr\u0131lmalar\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamak ama\u00e7l\u0131 politikalar\u0131n gizli, a\u00e7\u0131k uygulanmas\u0131 gerekiyordu. Bu politikalar\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 oldu\u011funu s\u00f6ylemek yanl\u0131\u015f olmaz.<\/p>\n

Cumhuriyetin kurulu\u015fundan bu yana T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin M\u00fcsl\u00fcman olmayan az\u0131nl\u0131klar\u0131 uzun s\u00fcre potansiyel i\u00e7 d\u00fc\u015fman ve yabanc\u0131 olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc, bu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce Sevr korkusuyla birle\u015ferek ciddi bir paranoya haline geldi. O kadar ki g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde bile hi\u00e7bir yasal engel olmamas\u0131na ra\u011fmen az\u0131nl\u0131k mensubu bir polis ya da bir muvazzaf subay g\u00f6rmek m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fildir. Sonu\u00e7ta, 1934 Trakya olaylar\u0131, Varl\u0131k vergisi ve 6\/7 Eyl\u00fcl olaylar\u0131 gibi uygulamalar, sadece az\u0131nl\u0131klar\u0131n varl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 yok etmekle kalmad\u0131, az\u0131nl\u0131klar\u0131n burjuvas\u0131n\u0131 yok ederek k\u00fclt\u00fcrel birikime de b\u00fcy\u00fck zarar verdi. K\u0131sacas\u0131 bu olaylar s\u00f6z yerindeyse bir yandan varl\u0131k, di\u011fer yandan da ciddi bir k\u00fclt\u00fcr k\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 oldu. Uygulanan politikalar o kadar ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 oldu ki 1927 N\u00fcfus say\u0131m\u0131nda T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de toplam n\u00fcfusun %2,5\u2019u civar\u0131nda ve 350-360.000 ki\u015fi olan M\u00fcsl\u00fcman olmayan topluluklar\u0131n n\u00fcfusu -kesin olmamakla birlikte-\u00a0 %01\u2019ler seviyesine ve yine yakla\u015f\u0131k olarak 80-90.000 ki\u015fiye d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. Toplam n\u00fcfus yakla\u015f\u0131k 6 kat artarken az\u0131nl\u0131k n\u00fcfusu %75 azald\u0131. Az\u0131nl\u0131klar\u0131n n\u00fcfus art\u0131\u015f h\u0131z\u0131n\u0131n M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlara g\u00f6re daha az olmas\u0131, bu durumu a\u00e7\u0131klamaya yetmez. Varl\u0131k vergisi,\u00a0 6\/7 Eyl\u00fcl olaylar\u0131, vatanda\u015f T\u00fcrk\u00e7e konu\u015f kampanyalar\u0131, 20 kura askerlik, K\u0131br\u0131s olaylar\u0131, 1967 Arap \u0130srail sava\u015f\u0131 ve Asala olaylar\u0131 y\u00fcz\u00fcnden az\u0131nl\u0131klara y\u00f6nelik bask\u0131lar nedeniyle n\u00fcfusun b\u00fcy\u00fck b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc ba\u015fka \u00fclkelere g\u00f6\u00e7mek zorunda kald\u0131.<\/p>\n

21. Y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ilk \u00e7eyre\u011finde, AB\u2019ye girmeye aday T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de bir paradigma ve zihniyet de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011finden s\u00f6z etmek i\u00e7in erken say\u0131lsa da bu konuda ciddi belirtiler oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yleyebiliriz. Vak\u0131flar Kanunda yap\u0131lan de\u011fi\u015fiklikler yetersiz olmakla birlikte en az\u0131ndan az\u0131nl\u0131k vak\u0131flar\u0131n\u0131n varl\u0131klar\u0131na el konulmas\u0131n\u0131 engellemi\u015f, baz\u0131 el konulan varl\u0131klar\u0131n iadesini sa\u011flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ahtamar Surp Ha\u00e7 kilisesinin ve S\u00fcmela Manast\u0131r\u0131n\u0131n onar\u0131lmas\u0131 gibi geli\u015fmeleri de unutmamak gerekir. Az\u0131nl\u0131k okullar\u0131na ders kitaplar\u0131n\u0131n devlet\u00e7e bedelsiz verilmesi de \u00f6nemli bir geli\u015fme say\u0131labilir. Di\u011fer yandan Cumhuriyet tarihi boyunca tarih kitaplar\u0131nda az\u0131nl\u0131klara kar\u015f\u0131 kin ve nefret do\u011furan, d\u00fc\u015fmanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 tahrik eden ifadelerin kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 yolunda giri\u015fimler bilinmektedir. Bakanl\u0131klar\u0131n ve resmi baz\u0131 kurumlar\u0131n sitelerindeki benzer ifadelerle ilgili bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma var m\u0131, bilmiyoruz. Ancak Cumhuriyet tarihinde ilk kez bir Ba\u015fbakan az\u0131nl\u0131klar\u0131n haklar\u0131n\u0131n korunmas\u0131 ama\u00e7l\u0131 bir genelge yay\u0131mlad\u0131. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin hem AB aday\u0131 bir devlet hem de \u00e7a\u011fda\u015f hukuk devleti olmak yolundaki \u00e7abalar\u0131 g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcne al\u0131n\u0131nca \u00e7a\u011fda\u015f az\u0131nl\u0131k haklar\u0131 normlar\u0131na da uymas\u0131 beklenebilir.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\n

D\u00fcnyada Az\u0131nl\u0131k Haklar\u0131n\u0131n Genel Durumu<\/strong><\/p>\n

1989\u2019da Sovyet Birli\u011fi ve ona ba\u011fl\u0131 Var\u015fova pakt\u0131 \u00fclkelerinde sistem \u00e7\u00f6k\u00fcnce, bu devletlerin \u015fiddetle kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131 1920\u2019li y\u0131llardan sonra unutulan az\u0131nl\u0131k haklar\u0131 tekrar g\u00fcndeme geldi. \u00c7a\u011fda\u015f geli\u015fmelerle birlikte D\u00fcnya globalle\u015firken, bir \u00e7eli\u015fki gibi g\u00f6r\u00fcnse de, \u00e7a\u011fda\u015f insan ve az\u0131nl\u0131k haklar\u0131ndaki geli\u015fmelerden kaynaklanan nedenlerle \u00e7ok k\u00fclt\u00fcrl\u00fcl\u00fck ve etnik k\u00fclt\u00fcrlerin korunmas\u0131 \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. \u0130nsanl\u0131k, kaybolan binden fazla dil ve k\u00fclt\u00fcrden arta kalanlar\u0131 korumay\u0131 g\u00f6rev edindi.<\/p>\n

1990\u2019lara kadar \u0130nsan Haklar\u0131 i\u00e7inde g\u00f6r\u00fclen az\u0131nl\u0131k haklar\u0131 ayr\u0131 s\u00f6zle\u015fmeler olarak d\u00fczenlenmeye ba\u015fland\u0131. So\u011fuk Sava\u015f\u2019\u0131n bitmesinin ard\u0131ndan BM Genel Kurulu 1993 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u201cUlusal, Etnik, Dinsel ve Dilsel Az\u0131nl\u0131klara Ait Bireylerin Haklar\u0131 Bildirisi\u2019ni\u201d kabul etti.\u00a0 Avrupa, 1992 y\u0131l\u0131nda\u00a0 \u201cAvrupa B\u00f6lgesel Diller ve Az\u0131nl\u0131k Dillerini Koruma Antla\u015fmas\u0131\u2019n\u0131\u201d ve 1995 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u201cUlusal Az\u0131nl\u0131klar\u0131n Korunmas\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00c7er\u00e7eve S\u00f6zle\u015fmesi\u2019ni\u201d kabul etti.<\/p>\n

T\u00fcrkiye, Lozan Ve Uluslar aras\u0131 s\u00f6zle\u015fmeler<\/strong><\/p>\n

Cumhuriyetin Kurucu antla\u015fmas\u0131 olan Lozan, T\u00fcrkiye gayrim\u00fcslim az\u0131nl\u0131klar\u0131yla ilgili en \u00f6nemli belgedir. Ancak Cumhuriyet h\u00fck\u00fcmetleri taraf\u0131ndan 1920\u2019li y\u0131llar\u0131n ko\u015fullar\u0131na uygun olarak, hep milliyet\u00e7i bak\u0131\u015fla yorumland\u0131 ve az\u0131nl\u0131klarla ilgili maddeleri anayasa h\u00fckm\u00fcnde olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen tam olarak uygulanmad\u0131.<\/p>\n

Lozan Antla\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n 41. Maddesinin son f\u0131kras\u0131nda yer alan h\u00fck\u00fcm ise son otuz y\u0131lda hi\u00e7 uygulanmad\u0131. \u201cGayrim\u00fcslim az\u0131nl\u0131klara mensup T\u00fcrk vatanda\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6nemli oranda bulunduklar\u0131 il ve il\u00e7elerde, s\u00f6z konusu az\u0131nl\u0131klara devlet b\u00fct\u00e7esi, belediye ya da di\u011fer b\u00fct\u00e7elerce, e\u011fitim, din ya da hay\u0131r i\u00e7in ayr\u0131lan tutarlardan, muhakkak bir pay verilecektir. S\u00f6z\u00fc ge\u00e7en tutar ilgili kurumlar\u0131n yetkili temsilcilerine \u00f6denecektir.\u201d<\/p>\n

Bu madde h\u00fckm\u00fcn\u00fcn -elde kesin belgeler olmamas\u0131na ra\u011fmen- 1974 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar k\u0131smen uyguland\u0131\u011f\u0131 belirtiliyor. \u00d6zellikle 1950\u2019li y\u0131llarda sadece okullar i\u00e7in Devlet b\u00fct\u00e7esinden ayr\u0131lan paylar\u0131n okul y\u00f6netimlerine \u00f6dendi\u011fi biliniyor. 1960 sonras\u0131 tamamen sembolik olarak yap\u0131lan bu \u00f6demeler, 1974 y\u0131l\u0131ndan sonra tamamen kald\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu madde h\u00fckm\u00fcn\u00fcn tam olarak uygulanmamas\u0131 nedeniyle az\u0131nl\u0131k kurumlar\u0131, okullar, kiliseler ciddi b\u00fct\u00e7e s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131 ya\u015fad\u0131 ve ya\u015f\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

Bu maddenin uygulanmas\u0131 i\u00e7in, Diyanet i\u015flerine ayr\u0131lan b\u00fct\u00e7eden, kilise ve din adam\u0131 say\u0131s\u0131na g\u00f6re uygun bir pay ayr\u0131larak Patrikliklere ve Hahamba\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011fa verilebilir. Ayn\u0131 \u015fekilde E\u011fitim b\u00fct\u00e7esinden okul ve \u00f6\u011frenci say\u0131s\u0131na g\u00f6re ayr\u0131lacak hakkaniyete uygun bir pay ilgili okullara aktar\u0131lmak \u00fczere Patrikliklere ve Hahamba\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011fa teslim edilebilir.<\/p>\n

\u00a0Lozan Antla\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n 42. Maddesinin ilk f\u0131kras\u0131(1) , hi\u00e7bir \u015fekilde hukukili\u011fi ve adilli\u011fi savunulamayacak \u015fekilde, Patriklerin ve Hahamba\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n kabul\u00fcyle y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fckten kald\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131. Uluslararas\u0131 bir antla\u015fman\u0131n az\u0131nl\u0131klar\u0131n dini liderlerinin beyan\u0131yla de\u011fi\u015ftirilemeyece\u011fi a\u00e7\u0131kt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Yine Lozan Antla\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n 42. Maddesinin son f\u0131kras\u0131 da tam olarak uygulanmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in pek \u00e7ok sorun ya\u015fanmaktad\u0131r. \u201cT\u00fcrk H\u00fck\u00fcmeti s\u00f6z\u00fc ge\u00e7en az\u0131nl\u0131klara ait kiliselere, havralara, mezarl\u0131klara ve di\u011fer dini kurumlara her t\u00fcrl\u00fc korumay\u0131 sa\u011flamay\u0131 taahh\u00fct eder. Ayni az\u0131nl\u0131klar\u0131n hali haz\u0131rda T\u00fcrkiye’de bulunan vak\u0131flar\u0131na dini ve hay\u0131r kurumlar\u0131na her t\u00fcrl\u00fc kolayl\u0131k sa\u011flanacak ve izin verilecektir. Ve T\u00fcrk H\u00fck\u00fcmeti yeni dini kurum ve hay\u0131r kurumu kurulmas\u0131 i\u00e7in, bu nitelikteki \u00f6teki \u00f6zel kurumlara sa\u011flanm\u0131\u015f gerekli kolayl\u0131klardan, hi\u00e7 birini esirgemeyecektir.\u201d<\/p>\n

Bu h\u00fckme ra\u011fmen az\u0131nl\u0131klar\u0131n \u00f6rg\u00fctlenmesine izin verilmedi, az\u0131nl\u0131klar\u0131n t\u00fczel ki\u015fili\u011fi ve s\u00f6z\u00fc ge\u00e7en en \u00f6nemli kurum olan Patrikliklerin ve Hahamba\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n t\u00fczel ki\u015fili\u011fi tan\u0131nmad\u0131. \u00d6nce Sivil Meclis, sonra merkezi m\u00fctevellilik kald\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131, sivil dan\u0131\u015fma meclisine bile izin verilmedi. Hem Belediyeler hem de Mezarl\u0131klar\u0131n Korunmas\u0131 Hakk\u0131nda Kanunda bu konuda belediyelere g\u00f6rev verildi\u011fi halde Anadolu\u2019da pek \u00e7ok az\u0131nl\u0131k mezarl\u0131\u011f\u0131 peri\u015fan durumdad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

BM S\u00f6zle\u015fmeleri<\/strong><\/p>\n

T\u00fcrkiye, BM \u201cMedeni ve Siyasi Haklara \u0130li\u015fkin Uluslararas\u0131 S\u00f6zle\u015fmesinin\u201d az\u0131nl\u0131klarla ilgili 27. Maddesine ve \u201cEkonomik, Sosyal ve K\u00fclt\u00fcrel Haklar S\u00f6zle\u015fmesinin\u201d, az\u0131nl\u0131klar\u0131 da kapsayan e\u011fitim hakk\u0131 ile ilgili 13. Maddesine koydu\u011fu \u00e7ekinceyi hala kald\u0131rmad\u0131. \u201cAvrupa B\u00f6lgesel Diller ve Az\u0131nl\u0131k Dillerini Koruma Anla\u015fmas\u0131\u201d ve \u201cUlusal Az\u0131nl\u0131klar\u0131n Korunmas\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00c7er\u00e7eve S\u00f6zle\u015fmesi\u201d hen\u00fcz imzalanmad\u0131.<\/p>\n

Avrupa Birli\u011fi, 1999 y\u0131l\u0131nda T\u00fcrkiye\u2019yi aday \u00fclke stat\u00fcs\u00fcne ald\u0131. 2002 ve izleyen y\u0131llarda \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lan uyum yasalar\u0131 ile \u00f6nemli iyile\u015fmeler yap\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n

Az\u0131nl\u0131klara kar\u015f\u0131 kin ve nefret uyand\u0131ran yay\u0131nlar<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00d6zellikle tarih kitaplar\u0131ndan az\u0131nl\u0131klara kar\u015f\u0131 kin ve nefret uyand\u0131ran ve d\u00fc\u015fmanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 tahrik eden b\u00f6l\u00fcmlerin tamamen \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmas\u0131 halen m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmad\u0131. Di\u011fer taraftan baz\u0131 Bakanl\u0131klara ve TTK benzeri resmi kurumlara ait internet sitelerindeki az\u0131nl\u0131klara kar\u015f\u0131 kin ve nefret uyand\u0131ran ve d\u00fc\u015fmanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 tahrik eden b\u00f6l\u00fcmlerin kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131na ili\u015fkin herhangi bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmadan s\u00f6z edilmemektedir. Konuyla hi\u00e7 ilgisi olmayan Ankara Ticaret Odas\u0131 gibi baz\u0131 kurumlar\u0131n ayn\u0131 t\u00fcrden yay\u0131nlar\u0131 konusunda da herhangi bir i\u015flem yap\u0131lmad\u0131.<\/p>\n

\u00a0Az\u0131nl\u0131klar\u0131n Din Adam\u0131 ve \u00d6\u011fretmen Yeti\u015ftirme g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc\u011f\u00fc<\/strong><\/p>\n

Vak\u0131flar Kanunu az\u0131nl\u0131klara ait b\u00fct\u00fcn kilise, okul ve hastaneleri ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z vak\u0131flar haline getirmi\u015ftir. Merkezi bir koordinasyonu, planlamas\u0131 ve denetimi olmayan vak\u0131flar\u0131n az\u0131nl\u0131klar\u0131n, e\u011fitim,\u00a0 din adam\u0131 ve \u00f6\u011fretmen yeti\u015ftirme, okul kitaplar\u0131n\u0131 haz\u0131rlama gibi ortak sorunlar\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6zmeye yetmeyece\u011fi a\u00e7\u0131kt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Az\u0131nl\u0131klar\u0131n T\u00fczel Ki\u015fili\u011fi<\/strong><\/p>\n

Az\u0131nl\u0131klar\u0131n en \u00f6nemli ve hayati sorunu, az\u0131nl\u0131klar\u0131n ve dini liderliklerin t\u00fczel ki\u015fili\u011finin tan\u0131nmamas\u0131 ve \u00f6rg\u00fctlenmeye izin verilmemesidir.<\/p>\n

Ge\u00e7en y\u0131l Heybeliada yetimhanesinin Fener Rum Patrikli\u011fi ad\u0131na tapuya tescil edilmesi ile patrikli\u011fin ger\u00e7ekte var olan t\u00fczel ki\u015fili\u011fi hukuken de onaylanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ancak bu konuda ciddi mevzuat bo\u015flu\u011fu oldu\u011fu da a\u00e7\u0131kt\u0131r. Az\u0131nl\u0131klar\u0131n t\u00fczel ki\u015fili\u011fi konusunda ise herhangi bir geli\u015fme g\u00f6r\u00fclmemektedir.<\/p>\n

Az\u0131nl\u0131klar\u0131n t\u00fczel ki\u015fili\u011finin tan\u0131mas\u0131nda ama\u00e7, merkezi bir koordinasyon, planlama ve denetim ile toplumun varl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n korunmas\u0131,\u00a0 kurumlar\u0131n kaderinin sadece ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z vak\u0131f y\u00f6netimlerinin iyi niyetine terk edilmemesi, kaynak israf\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6nlenmesi,\u00a0 bunlar\u0131n ama\u00e7lara uygun ve do\u011fru kullan\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n sa\u011flanmas\u0131d\u0131r. Patriklik ve Hahamba\u015f\u0131l\u0131k merkezli t\u00fczel ki\u015filikler sadece dini, sosyal, k\u00fclt\u00fcrel ve mali faaliyetlerde bulunur hi\u00e7bir \u015fekilde ticari ve siyasi faaliyette bulunamazlar. T\u00fczel ki\u015filik atanm\u0131\u015f ve\/veya se\u00e7ilmi\u015f ki\u015filerce, ba\u011fl\u0131 kurumlar (kiliseler ve okullar) ise se\u00e7ilmi\u015f sivillerce y\u00f6netilir. Az\u0131nl\u0131klar\u0131n t\u00fczel ki\u015fili\u011finin tan\u0131nmas\u0131 sonucunda ortaya \u00e7\u0131kacak merkezi bir koordinasyon ve denetim sistemi, kurumlar\u0131n, Devlet ve Vak\u0131flar Genel M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnce denetilmesine engel olmayaca\u011f\u0131 gibi bu denetimin daha da kolay yap\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayacakt\u0131r. Bilindi\u011fi gibi Almanya\u2019n\u0131n yak\u0131n zamanda, di\u011fer dini topluluklar\u0131n yan\u0131nda M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n da t\u00fczel ki\u015fili\u011fini tan\u0131mas\u0131 beklenmektedir. Dini topluluklar\u0131n t\u00fczel ki\u015fili\u011finin tan\u0131nmas\u0131 konusunda Almanya \u00e7a\u011fda\u015f bir \u00f6rnektir.<\/p>\n

BM, Ulusal veya Etnik, Dinsel veya Dilsel Az\u0131nl\u0131klar\u0131n Korunmas\u0131na dair Bildiri\u2019nin 2. Maddesinin 4. F\u0131kras\u0131na g\u00f6re \u201c Az\u0131nl\u0131klara mensup olan ki\u015filer kendi \u00f6rg\u00fctlerini kurma ve s\u00fcrd\u00fcrme hakk\u0131na sahiptir.\u201d<\/p>\n

Avrupa \u0130nsan Haklar\u0131 Mahkemesi kararlar\u0131na g\u00f6re bir grubun ortak bir \u00e7\u0131kar \u00e7evresinde birlikte hareket etmek amac\u0131 ile t\u00fczel ki\u015filik kazanmas\u0131n\u0131n engellenmesi toplanma \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn ihlalidir. Dinsel cemaatlerin t\u00fczel ki\u015filik kazanmas\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6nlenmesi ise, toplanma \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc yan\u0131nda din \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn de ihlaline yol a\u00e7ar.<\/p>\n

Konuyla ilgili Venedik Komisyonu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fc de bu y\u00f6ndedir. Avrupa Konseyi Venedik Komisyonu, 12-13 Mart tarihinde yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 82. Genel Kurulunda T\u00fcrkiye az\u0131nl\u0131klar\u0131yla ilgili g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015flerini a\u00e7\u0131klayan bir rapor yay\u0131mlad\u0131. Raporda, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin, Gayrim\u00fcslim az\u0131nl\u0131klara t\u00fczel ki\u015filik tan\u0131mamas\u0131n\u0131, Avrupa \u0130nsan Haklar\u0131 S\u00f6zle\u015fmesinin, din ve vicdan \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc g\u00fcvence alt\u0131na alan 9. maddesi ile \u00f6rg\u00fctlenme \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc hakk\u0131n\u0131 kapsayan 11. Maddesine ayk\u0131r\u0131 buldu.<\/p>\n

T\u00fcrkiye AB \u0130lerleme Raporlar\u0131nda da az\u0131nl\u0131klara t\u00fczel ki\u015filik verilmesi istenmektedir.<\/p>\n

Az\u0131nl\u0131k Okullar\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n

Yabanc\u0131 dilde e\u011fitim yapan yabanc\u0131 okullarda T\u00fcrk\u00e7e bilmeyen okul m\u00fcd\u00fcrlerine yard\u0131mc\u0131 olmak amac\u0131yla ihdas edilen m\u00fcd\u00fcr ba\u015fyard\u0131mc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 stat\u00fcs\u00fc, sonradan az\u0131nl\u0131klara kar\u015f\u0131 g\u00fcvensizlik duyulan d\u00f6nemlerde az\u0131nl\u0131k okullar\u0131 i\u00e7in de uygulanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Daha \u00f6nemlisi ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7ta bu m\u00fcd\u00fcr ba\u015fyard\u0131mc\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n muhakkak T\u00fcrk etnik k\u00f6keninden olmas\u0131 gerekmekteydi. Bu g\u00fcn a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a etnik k\u00f6ken aranmamakla birlikte fiilen m\u00fcd\u00fcr ba\u015fyard\u0131mc\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n t\u00fcm\u00fc T\u00fcrk etnik k\u00f6kenlidir.\u00a0 Devletin kendi vatanda\u015f\u0131na g\u00fcvensizli\u011fi izlenimini veren bu stat\u00fc kald\u0131r\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. Kald\u0131r\u0131lam\u0131yorsa m\u00fcd\u00fcr ba\u015fyard\u0131mc\u0131lar\u0131 b\u00fct\u00fcn \u00f6\u011fretmenler aras\u0131ndan m\u00fcd\u00fcr\u00fcn ve y\u00f6netim kurulunun \u00f6nerisi ile -etnik k\u00f6kenine, verdi\u011fi derslere bak\u0131lmaks\u0131z\u0131n- se\u00e7ilmeli ve Valilik\u00e7e atanmal\u0131d\u0131r.\u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\n

Az\u0131nl\u0131k okullar\u0131na \u00f6\u011frenci al\u0131m\u0131nda, kimlik belgelerinde ki\u015filerin etnik k\u00f6keni belirtilmedi\u011finden ciddi sorunlar ya\u015fanmaktad\u0131r. Daha \u00f6nce bu konuda a\u00e7\u0131k bir h\u00fck\u00fcm olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 halde, ilk olarak 1985 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u00d6zel \u00d6\u011fretim Kurumlar\u0131 y\u00f6netmeli\u011finde\u00a0 \u201cBu okullarda sadece kendi az\u0131nl\u0131klar\u0131na mensup T.C. uyruklu \u00f6\u011frenciler okuyabilir\u201d h\u00fckm\u00fc yer ald\u0131. Bu h\u00fck\u00fcm, 2006 y\u0131l\u0131nda 5580 say\u0131l\u0131 \u00d6zel \u00d6\u011fretim Kurumlar\u0131 yasas\u0131yla ilk kez yasa haline geldi. 1985 y\u0131l\u0131nda eklenen bu h\u00fck\u00fcm nedeniyle az\u0131nl\u0131k okullar\u0131na ayn\u0131 etnik k\u00f6kenden olan \u00f6\u011frenciler al\u0131nabilmektedir. B\u00fct\u00fcn H\u0131ristiyan gruplar\u0131n kimlik belgesinde sadece H\u0131ristiyan yazmaktad\u0131r. Bu durumda \u00f6\u011frencinin hangi az\u0131nl\u0131k grubuna mensup oldu\u011funu ara\u015ft\u0131rmak gerekmektedir. AB standartlar\u0131na g\u00f6re din b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn tamamen kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 halinde daha b\u00fcy\u00fck sorunlar \u00e7\u0131kacakt\u0131r.\u00a0 Bu durumda okullara al\u0131nacak \u00f6\u011frencinin kimli\u011finin belirlenmesinde \u00f6\u011frencinin kimli\u011finde H\u0131ristiyan yazmas\u0131 yeterli olmal\u0131d\u0131r. E\u011fer din b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc bo\u015f ise bu durumda kiliselerden al\u0131nacak vaftiz belgesinin yeterli olmas\u0131 gerekir. Yahudi az\u0131nl\u0131k i\u00e7in de benzer uygulama yap\u0131labilir. Okullara al\u0131nacak \u00f6\u011frencilerin belirlenmesinde tek yetkili okul y\u00f6netimi olmal\u0131,\u00a0 Kay\u0131t B\u00fcrolar\u0131 kald\u0131r\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. Az\u0131nl\u0131k okullar\u0131na al\u0131nacak \u00f6\u011frencilerin, T.C. vatanda\u015f\u0131 olmas\u0131 \u015fart\u0131 insan ve az\u0131nl\u0131k haklar\u0131na ayk\u0131r\u0131 oldu\u011fundan kald\u0131r\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. Bilindi\u011fi gibi Cumhuriyetin kurulu\u015fundan 1964 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar az\u0131nl\u0131k okullar\u0131nda vatanda\u015fl\u0131k \u015fart\u0131 aranmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r(2) .<\/p>\n

Az\u0131nl\u0131klar ve Pozitif Haklar<\/strong><\/p>\n

Anayasan\u0131n 10. Maddesinde yap\u0131lan son de\u011fi\u015fiklikle eklenen pozitif haklar\u0131n e\u015fitlik ilkesine ayk\u0131r\u0131 olmayaca\u011f\u0131 h\u00fckm\u00fcne maalesef az\u0131nl\u0131klar eklenmemi\u015ftir. Her ne kadar Lozan Antla\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n ilgili maddeleri varsa da az\u0131nl\u0131klara verilecek yeni pozitif haklar\u0131n e\u015fitlik ilkesine ayk\u0131r\u0131 olmayaca\u011f\u0131 h\u00fckm\u00fc anayasada yer almal\u0131d\u0131r.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Din Dersi<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0Az\u0131nl\u0131k okullar\u0131nda din dersi az\u0131nl\u0131klara mensup din adamlar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan verilmelidir. 1970\u2019li y\u0131llara kadar, az\u0131nl\u0131k okullar\u0131nda din dersleri az\u0131nl\u0131klara mensup din adamlar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan veriliyordu. Bilindi\u011fi gibi az\u0131nl\u0131klar\u0131n din dersi verecek \u00f6\u011fretmen yeti\u015ftirecekleri okullar\u0131 yoktur. Bu nedenle az\u0131nl\u0131k okullar\u0131nda din derslerinin patrikli\u011fe ba\u011fl\u0131 din adamlar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan verilmesine izin verilmelidir.<\/p>\n

Vak\u0131flar Kanunu<\/strong><\/p>\n

Vak\u0131flar Kanunuyla, halen cemaat vak\u0131flar\u0131n\u0131n tasarruflar\u0131nda bulunan nam-\u0131 m\u00fcstear veya nam-\u0131 mevhumlar ad\u0131na tapuda kay\u0131tl\u0131 olan ta\u015f\u0131nmazlar ile Yarg\u0131tay Genel Kurulunun 1974 tarihli haks\u0131z karar\u0131na dayan\u0131larak vak\u0131flar\u0131n elinden al\u0131narak Hazine veya Genel M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fck ya da vasiyet edenler veya ba\u011f\u0131\u015flayanlar ad\u0131na tapuda kay\u0131tl\u0131 olan ta\u015f\u0131nmazlar vak\u0131flara iade edilmektedir. Ancak cemaat vak\u0131flar\u0131ndan al\u0131narak, \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc \u015fah\u0131slara sat\u0131lan ya da Vak\u0131flar ve Hazine d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda devlet kurumlar\u0131na verilen cemaat gayrimenkulleri ile cemaat vak\u0131flar\u0131ndan al\u0131narak sat\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131na, ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131na, vasiyet\u00e7ilerine ve onlar\u0131n miras\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131na iade edilen ya da mazbut vak\u0131flar aras\u0131na al\u0131nan vak\u0131flar\u0131n ta\u015f\u0131nmazlar\u0131 i\u00e7in her hangi bir tazminat \u00f6denmemi\u015ftir. Bu gayrimenkuller e\u011fer iade edilemiyorsa,\u00a0 en az\u0131ndan bu g\u00fcnk\u00fc vergi de\u011feri kadar bir tazminat \u00f6denmesi hakkaniyete uygun olacakt\u0131r. Vak\u0131flar ve hazine elinde bulunan gayrimenkullerin iadesi yoluna gidilip di\u011fer b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn g\u00f6rmezden gelinmesi hukuki bir uygulama olmaz.<\/p>\n

Az\u0131nl\u0131k Sorunlar\u0131n\u0131 De\u011ferlendirme Kurulu<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0130ller \u0130daresi Genel M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn sitesinde kurul \u015f\u00f6yle tan\u0131t\u0131l\u0131yor (3)\u00a0 \u201cBa\u015fbakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n 07.11.1962 tarih ve 28-4869 say\u0131l\u0131 talimat\u0131yla kurulan \u2018Az\u0131nl\u0131k Tali Komisyonu\u2019nun ad\u0131 g\u00fcn\u00fcn de\u011fi\u015fen ve geli\u015fen \u015fartlar\u0131na paralel olarak, Ba\u015fbakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n 05.01.2004 tarih ve 3530 say\u0131l\u0131 yaz\u0131s\u0131 ile \u2018Az\u0131nl\u0131k Sorunlar\u0131n\u0131 De\u011ferlendirme Kurulu\u2019 olarak de\u011fi\u015ftirilmi\u015ftir. Kurulun koordinat\u00f6rl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc \u0130\u00e7i\u015fleri Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131na verilmi\u015f olup; Bakanl\u0131k Makam\u0131n\u0131n 27.02.2004 tarih ve 286 say\u0131l\u0131 onay\u0131 ile Az\u0131nl\u0131k Sorunlar\u0131n\u0131 De\u011ferlendirme Kurulunun sekretarya g\u00f6revi \u0130ller \u0130daresi Genel M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne verilmi\u015ftir.\u00a0 Az\u0131nl\u0131k Sorunlar\u0131n\u0131 De\u011ferlendirme Kurulu; \u0130ller \u0130daresi Genel M\u00fcd\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn Ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, Vak\u0131flar Genel M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn ba\u011fl\u0131 bulundu\u011fu Devlet Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131, D\u0131\u015fi\u015fleri Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131, Milli E\u011fitim Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 temsilcilerinden olu\u015fmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Dini farkl\u0131l\u0131klar esas al\u0131narak, Lozan antla\u015fmas\u0131 ve ikili antla\u015fmalarla \u00fclkemiz tabiiyetinde kalmalar\u0131 kabul edilen Ermeni, Rum, Yahudi ve Bulgar as\u0131ll\u0131 gayrim\u00fcslim vatanda\u015flar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n ba\u015fta Lozan antla\u015fmas\u0131 olmak \u00fczere, uluslararas\u0131 s\u00f6zle\u015fmelerden do\u011fan haklar\u0131n\u0131n korunmas\u0131 ve bu y\u00f6ndeki taleplerinin de\u011ferlendirilmesi g\u00f6revi Az\u0131nl\u0131k Sorunlar\u0131n\u0131 De\u011ferlendirme Kuruluna verilmi\u015ftir. S\u00f6z konusu kurul \u00fclkemizde ya\u015fayan az\u0131nl\u0131klar ile ilgili \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131, i\u00e7 hukukumuz ve ulusal politikalar \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde de\u011ferlendirerek karar almak, al\u0131nan kararlar\u0131n uygulanmas\u0131n\u0131 takip etmekle g\u00f6revlidir.\u201d<\/p>\n

Gizli kararname ile kuruldu\u011fu i\u00e7in y\u0131llarca varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 bilinen ama resmen a\u00e7\u0131klanmayan Az\u0131nl\u0131k Tali Komisyonu\u2019nun yerini a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a g\u00f6rev tan\u0131m\u0131 yap\u0131lan \u2018Az\u0131nl\u0131k Sorunlar\u0131n\u0131 De\u011ferlendirme Kurulu\u2019 alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu kurulda M\u0130T ve Genel Kurmay temsilcisi gibi tali komisyonda bulunan baz\u0131 temsilcilerin bulunmamas\u0131n\u0131n da demokratik olarak olumlu bir geli\u015fme oldu\u011fu a\u00e7\u0131kt\u0131r. Az\u0131nl\u0131k Tali Komisyonundan farkl\u0131 olmakla birlikte her iki kurulda da az\u0131nl\u0131k mensubu topluluklar\u0131n birer temsilcisinin bulunmamas\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fck bir eksikliktir. Az\u0131nl\u0131klar\u0131n en \u00f6nemli sorunlar\u0131 konusunda karar verme ve al\u0131nan kararlar\u0131n uygulanmas\u0131n\u0131 takip etmekle g\u00f6revli bir kurulda az\u0131nl\u0131klar\u0131n temsili demokratik bir hak olarak g\u00f6r\u00fclmelidir. Kurulda az\u0131nl\u0131klar\u0131n temsili hem bilgi alma hem de karar verme a\u015famas\u0131nda gerekli oldu\u011fu gibi yararl\u0131 olaca\u011f\u0131 da a\u00e7\u0131kt\u0131r. Sonu\u00e7 olarak, Az\u0131nl\u0131k Sorunlar\u0131 De\u011ferlendirme Kurulunda her az\u0131nl\u0131k grubundan se\u00e7ilmi\u015f bir temsilcinin bulunmas\u0131 gerekir.<\/p>\n

2010 T\u00fcrkiye \u0130lerleme Raporu (4)\u00a0\u00a0 <\/strong><\/p>\n

Bilindi\u011fi gibi Aral\u0131k 1997 tarihli L\u00fcksemburg zirvesi sonu\u00e7 bildirgesini takiben, Komisyon, Konsey\u2019e ve Parlamento\u2019ya d\u00fczenli olarak rapor sunmaktad\u0131r. 2010 AB \u0130lerleme Raporunda yer verilen konular sonu\u00e7 b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnde de\u011ferlendirilmi\u015ftir:<\/p>\n

\u201cSonu\u00e7 olarak, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin az\u0131nl\u0131klara yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131 k\u0131s\u0131tlay\u0131c\u0131 kalmaktad\u0131r. Avrupa standartlar\u0131yla uyumlu \u015fekilde, dil, k\u00fclt\u00fcr ve temel haklara, tam olarak sayg\u0131 g\u00f6sterilmesi ve bu haklar\u0131n korunmas\u0131 hen\u00fcz tam olarak sa\u011flanmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. T\u00fcrkiye, az\u0131nl\u0131klara ili\u015fkin olarak ho\u015fg\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcn geli\u015ftirilmesi ve az\u0131nl\u0131klar\u0131n topluma d\u00e2hil edilmesi hususlar\u0131nda daha \u00e7ok \u00e7aba g\u00f6stermelidir. Ayr\u0131mc\u0131l\u0131kla m\u00fccadele konusundaki AB m\u00fcktesebat\u0131n\u0131n i\u00e7 hukuka aktar\u0131lmas\u0131na ili\u015fkin ilerleme kaydedilmemi\u015ftir. T\u00fcrk mevzuat\u0131nda do\u011frudan ve dolayl\u0131 ayr\u0131mc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n tan\u0131m\u0131 yoktur. Irk veya etnik k\u00f6ken, din veya inan\u00e7, engellilik, ya\u015f ve cinsel y\u00f6nelim temelindeki ayr\u0131mc\u0131l\u0131kla ilgili AB m\u00fcktesebat\u0131 i\u00e7 hukuka aktar\u0131lmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.\u201d<\/p>\n

Sonu\u00e7 olarak, \u00e7a\u011fda\u015f ve demokratik bir anayasa yap\u0131l\u0131rken yukar\u0131da s\u00f6z\u00fc ge\u00e7en konular\u0131n dikkate al\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131n yararl\u0131 ve gerekli oldu\u011funu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyoruz.<\/p>\n

Son S\u00f6z:<\/strong><\/p>\n

Bu rapor sadece imzalayanlar\u0131n d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncelerini yans\u0131tmakta ve b\u00fct\u00fcn az\u0131nl\u0131klar\u0131 ya da az\u0131nl\u0131klardan birini temsil etmek iddias\u0131n\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131mamaktad\u0131r.\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

Son<\/strong> <\/strong>Not:<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/em>(1) Madde 42.- T\u00fcrk H\u00fck\u00fcmeti, M\u00fcsl\u00fcman olmayan az\u0131nl\u0131klar\u0131n aile durumlar\u0131yla (stat\u00fcleriyle, aile hukukuyla) ki\u015fisel durumlar\u0131 (stat\u00fcleri, ki\u015fi halleri) konular\u0131nda, bu sorunlar\u0131n adi ge\u00e7en az\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131n g\u00f6renek ve geleneklerine g\u00f6re \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclmesine elverecek tedbirleri almay\u0131 kabul eder. Bu tedbirler, T\u00fcrk H\u00fck\u00fcmeti ile ilgili az\u0131nl\u0131klardan her birinin e\u015fit say\u0131da temsilcilerden kurulu bir \u00f6zel komisyonlarca d\u00fczenlenecektir. Anla\u015fmazl\u0131k \u00e7\u0131karsa T\u00fcrk H\u00fck\u00fcmeti ile Milletler Cemiyeti Avrupa hukuk\u00e7ular\u0131 aras\u0131ndan birlikte se\u00e7ecekleri bir hakemi, \u00fcst hakem olarak atayacaklard\u0131r.<\/em><\/p>\n

(2) http:\/\/hyetert.blogspot.com\/2011\/02\/lozan-aznlk-okullar-ve-ruhban-okulu.html#more<\/em><\/p>\n

(3)http:\/\/www.illeridaresi.gov.tr\/default_B0.aspx?content=130<\/a><\/em>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n

(4http:\/\/www.abgs.gov.tr\/files\/AB_Iliskileri\/AdaylikSureci\/IlerlemeRaporlari\/turkiye_ilerleme_rap_2010.pdf<\/em><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

Kirkor D\u00f6\u015femeciyan<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

Yervant \u00d6zuzun<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

Murat Bebiro\u011flu<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u015eubat 2011<\/em><\/strong><\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

http:\/\/hyetert.blogspot.com\/2011\/02\/musluman-olmayan-azinliklar-raporu-2011.html<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Ama\u00e7 Bu raporun amac\u0131, Avrupa Birli\u011fine girmeye ve \u00e7a\u011fda\u015f demokratik bir anayasa yapmaya haz\u0131rlanan \u00fclkemizde ya\u015fayan az\u0131nl\u0131klar\u0131n sorunlar\u0131n\u0131, insan ve az\u0131nl\u0131k haklar\u0131na uygun \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm yollar\u0131n\u0131 toplumun dikkatine sunmakt\u0131r. \u00d6ns\u00f6z \u00c7ok k\u00fclt\u00fcrl\u00fc, \u00e7ok hukuklu, \u00e7ok kavimli Osmanl\u0131 \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu, tek hukuklu, tek k\u00fclt\u00fcrl\u00fc ve homojen bir halk \u00f6zlemindeki ulus devlete d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce, do\u011fal olarak \u00f6zellikle M\u00fcsl\u00fcman olmayan az\u0131nl\u0131klar […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[12,14,15,65],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4539","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-gunumuzde-bati-ermenileri","category-haberler","category-haklarimiz","category-istanbul"],"yoast_head":"\nM\u00dcSL\u00dcMAN OLMAYAN AZINLIKLAR RAPORU 2011 - Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/akunq.net\/turkish\/2011\/03\/03\/musluman-olmayan-azinliklar-raporu-2011\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"M\u00dcSL\u00dcMAN OLMAYAN AZINLIKLAR RAPORU 2011 - Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Ama\u00e7 Bu raporun amac\u0131, Avrupa Birli\u011fine girmeye ve \u00e7a\u011fda\u015f demokratik bir anayasa yapmaya haz\u0131rlanan \u00fclkemizde ya\u015fayan az\u0131nl\u0131klar\u0131n sorunlar\u0131n\u0131, insan ve az\u0131nl\u0131k haklar\u0131na uygun \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm yollar\u0131n\u0131 toplumun dikkatine sunmakt\u0131r. \u00d6ns\u00f6z \u00c7ok k\u00fclt\u00fcrl\u00fc, \u00e7ok hukuklu, \u00e7ok kavimli Osmanl\u0131 \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu, tek hukuklu, tek k\u00fclt\u00fcrl\u00fc ve homojen bir halk \u00f6zlemindeki ulus devlete d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce, do\u011fal olarak \u00f6zellikle M\u00fcsl\u00fcman olmayan az\u0131nl\u0131klar […]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/akunq.net\/turkish\/2011\/03\/03\/musluman-olmayan-azinliklar-raporu-2011\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2011-03-03T09:59:02+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"kalem\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"kalem\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"19 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/akunq.net\\\/turkish\\\/2011\\\/03\\\/03\\\/musluman-olmayan-azinliklar-raporu-2011\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/akunq.net\\\/turkish\\\/2011\\\/03\\\/03\\\/musluman-olmayan-azinliklar-raporu-2011\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"kalem\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/akunq.net\\\/turkish\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/135e7923d1aeb8887890799619969a6c\"},\"headline\":\"M\u00dcSL\u00dcMAN OLMAYAN AZINLIKLAR RAPORU 2011\",\"datePublished\":\"2011-03-03T09:59:02+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/akunq.net\\\/turkish\\\/2011\\\/03\\\/03\\\/musluman-olmayan-azinliklar-raporu-2011\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":3819,\"commentCount\":0,\"articleSection\":[\"G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde Bat\u0131 Ermenileri\",\"Haberler\",\"Haklar\u0131m\u0131z\",\"Istanbul\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/akunq.net\\\/turkish\\\/2011\\\/03\\\/03\\\/musluman-olmayan-azinliklar-raporu-2011\\\/#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/akunq.net\\\/turkish\\\/2011\\\/03\\\/03\\\/musluman-olmayan-azinliklar-raporu-2011\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/akunq.net\\\/turkish\\\/2011\\\/03\\\/03\\\/musluman-olmayan-azinliklar-raporu-2011\\\/\",\"name\":\"M\u00dcSL\u00dcMAN OLMAYAN AZINLIKLAR RAPORU 2011 - 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