{"id":28678,"date":"2014-03-04T03:34:28","date_gmt":"2014-03-04T08:34:28","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=28678"},"modified":"2014-03-04T03:34:28","modified_gmt":"2014-03-04T08:34:28","slug":"145-yildonumunde-halk-ozani-hovhannes-tumanyan","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/turkish\/2014\/03\/04\/145-yildonumunde-halk-ozani-hovhannes-tumanyan\/","title":{"rendered":"145. y\u0131ld\u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fcnde halk ozan\u0131 Hovhannes Tumanyan"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"Hovhannes<\/a>PAKRAT<\/strong> ESTUKYAN <\/b><\/p>\n

SARK\u0130S SEROPYAN<\/b><\/p>\n

Ku\u015faktan ku\u015fa\u011fa aktar\u0131lm\u0131\u015f geleneksel masal, efsane ve \u015fiirleri ile de\u011fil, g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc ki\u015fili\u011fi ve siyasi duru\u015fu da Ermeni k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcnde derin izler b\u0131rakan Tumanyan, bu y\u0131l 145. do\u011fum y\u0131ld\u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fc ile bir kez daha Ermenicenin konu\u015fuldu\u011fu b\u00fct\u00fcn co\u011frafyalarda \u00e7e\u015fitli etkinliklerle an\u0131l\u0131yor.<\/i><\/b><\/p>\n

Uluslar\u0131n tarihinde kimi ola\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc d\u00f6nemler, ola\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc \u00f6zelliklerle donanm\u0131\u015f sanat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n do\u011fmas\u0131na yol a\u00e7abilir. Hovhannes Tumanyan\u2019\u0131n da ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 1869-1923 y\u0131llar\u0131 Ermeni tarihinin en \u00e7alkant\u0131l\u0131 d\u00f6nemlerine tan\u0131kl\u0131k eder. Sadece ku\u015faktan ku\u015fa\u011fa aktar\u0131lm\u0131\u015f geleneksel masal, efsane ve \u015fiirleri ile de\u011fil, g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc ki\u015fili\u011fi ve siyasi duru\u015fu da Ermeni k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcnde derin izler b\u0131rakan Tumanyan, bu y\u0131l 145. do\u011fum y\u0131ld\u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fc ile bir kez daha Ermenicenin konu\u015fuldu\u011fu b\u00fct\u00fcn co\u011frafyalarda \u00e7e\u015fitli etkinliklerle an\u0131l\u0131yor. Bu vesileyle biz de kendisini gerek s\u0131ra d\u0131\u015f\u0131 hayat hik\u00e2yesi gerekse eserlerinden serbest \u00e7evirilerle okurlar\u0131m\u0131za tan\u0131tmak istedik.<\/p>\n

Lori b\u00f6lgesinin Tse\u011f adl\u0131 m\u00fctevaz\u0131 bir da\u011f k\u00f6y\u00fcnde do\u011fan Tumanyan\u2019\u0131n belki de en b\u00fcy\u00fck \u015fans\u0131 babas\u0131n\u0131n papaz, amcas\u0131n\u0131n da k\u00f6y \u00e7ocuklar\u0131na e\u011fitim veren bir k\u00f6y \u00f6\u011fretmeni olu\u015fuyla a\u00e7\u0131klanabilir. Bu vesileyle k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck ya\u015fta okumay\u0131 s\u00f6ken Hovhannes Tumanyan \u00e7ok k\u0131sa s\u00fcrede de okula gitme imk\u00e2n\u0131 buldu. Ancak Tumanyan esas olarak halk\u0131n\u0131n binlerce y\u0131ld\u0131r masallarla, efsanelerle, \u00e2\u015f\u0131klar\u0131n g\u00fczellemeleriyle biriktirdi\u011fi bir k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcn i\u00e7inde do\u011fmu\u015ftu. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla \u00f6ncelikle bu s\u00f6zl\u00fc kaynaktan beslendi ve ilerde b\u00fct\u00fcn edebi katk\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 da esas olarak bu s\u00f6zl\u00fc edebiyata d\u00f6n\u00fck olarak ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirdi.<\/p>\n

S\u00f6zl\u00fc edebiyat\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck derleyicisi<\/b><\/p>\n

Tumanyan’\u0131n g\u00f6zlerini a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131 co\u011frafya, yurdunu \u00e7evreleyen da\u011flar, o masallar\u0131n, efsanelerin de yurduydu ayn\u0131 zamanda. Bu co\u011frafya, ya\u015fanan zaman dilimi ve anayurt hik\u00e2yeleri Tumanyan\u2019\u0131n edebi yolunu da \u015fekillendirdi. Ona d\u00fc\u015fen bu b\u00fcy\u00fck miras\u0131 kendi duygular\u0131yla bir daha yo\u011furmak ve halk\u0131na yeniden sunmak oldu. Bir anlamda \u00e7a\u011fda\u015f\u0131 Gomidas\u2019la ayn\u0131 sanat yolculu\u011funu payla\u015ft\u0131. Gomidas y\u00fczy\u0131llardan beri halk\u0131n dilinde dola\u015fan ezgileri derlerken, Tumanyan da yine k\u00f6keni \u00e7ok eski zamanlara dayanan efsanelere yeni bir soluk getirmekteydi. ‘Sasunlu Davit’ efsanesi Ermeniler aras\u0131nda \u00e7ok eski zamanlardan beri anlat\u0131lan bir tema, ama bug\u00fcn \u00e7o\u011fumuz onu Tumanyan\u2019\u0131n uslubuyla okumaktay\u0131z. Ayn\u0131 \u015feyi ‘Akhtamar’ \u015fiiri i\u00e7in ya da ‘Anu\u015f’ operas\u0131 librettosu i\u00e7in de s\u00f6ylemek m\u00fcmk\u00fcn. Bu noktada \u00f6zellikle \u00fczerinde durmam\u0131z gereken \u015fey Tumanyan\u2019\u0131n ola\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc yal\u0131n ve i\u00e7ten anlat\u0131m yetene\u011fidir. \u00dcnl\u00fc edebiyat\u00e7\u0131 Stepan Zoryan, onun s\u00fcsl\u00fc kelimelere ihtiya\u00e7 duymadan meram\u0131n\u0131 anlatabilen y\u00f6n\u00fcne vurgu yaparken bizzat Tumanyan\u2019dan aktard\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u201cBazen bir s\u00f6zc\u00fck tek ba\u015f\u0131na bir anlat\u0131d\u0131r\u201d ifadesini de onun ne denli titiz bir yazar oldu\u011funun kan\u0131t\u0131 olarak sunar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u00a0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Siyasi m\u00fccadele ve toplumsal dayan\u0131\u015fmal\u0131 bir hayat<\/b><\/p>\n

\u00d6te yandan her sanat\u00e7\u0131 kendi \u00f6zg\u00fcn ki\u015fili\u011fi ve hayal g\u00fcc\u00fcnden ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z olarak ayn\u0131 zamanda i\u00e7inde ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 zaman, mek\u00e2n ve toplumun dayatt\u0131klar\u0131 ile de \u015fekillenir. Tam da bu nedenle Hovhannes Tumanyan\u2019\u0131 \u015fairli\u011finin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra toplumcu ki\u015fili\u011fiyle de an\u0131yoruz.<\/p>\n

Tumanyan\u2019\u0131n toplumsal hareketlere girmesi 1880\u2019li y\u0131llar\u0131n sonlar\u0131na rastlar. O d\u00f6nemde \u00f6zellikle Bat\u0131 Ermenistan toplumunda \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck\u00e7\u00fc ak\u0131mlar\u0131n yayg\u0131nl\u0131k kazanmas\u0131na tan\u0131k oluruz. \u0130llegal siyasi olu\u015fumlar \u00f6rg\u00fctlenmekte ve 1888\u2019de de sosyal demokrat H\u0131n\u00e7ak Partisi kurulmaktad\u0131r. Bu d\u00f6nemde Tumanyan\u2019\u0131n ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 Tiflis \u015fehri de bu politik ve entelekt\u00fcel ak\u0131mlardan do\u011frudan etkinlenmektedir. Arkada\u015f\u0131 Anu\u015favan Apovyan, Tumanyan\u2019\u0131n 1886-1887 aras\u0131 bu siyasi te\u015fkilatlarla temas halinde oldu\u011funu, onlar\u0131n toplant\u0131lar\u0131na kat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 anlat\u0131r. E\u015fi Olga Tumanyan da, kocas\u0131n\u0131n Ermeni \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck hareketinin ilk aktivistlerinden Aleksandr Golo\u015fyan\u2019la yak\u0131n irtibat\u0131 oldu\u011funu, 1888\u2019de bir silah sat\u0131n ald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, Bat\u0131 Ermenistan\u2019a gitmeye karar verdi\u011fini ancak hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n buna engel oldu\u011funu aktarm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u2018Vernadun\u2019 edebiyat toplulu\u011fu<\/b><\/p>\n

Tumanyan\u2019\u0131n hayat \u00f6yk\u00fcs\u00fcndeki s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 yolculuklar da hep bu siyasi faaliyetleriyle ili\u015fkili idi. Bir yandan siyaset \u00fcretilirken di\u011fer yandan olu\u015fan kaotik ortamdan ma\u011fdur olanlara yard\u0131m eli uzatman\u0131n ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmazl\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u015fairi \u00f6zellikle dayan\u0131\u015fma \u00f6rg\u00fctlenmeye y\u00f6neltti. 1895 Hamidiye alaylar\u0131 k\u0131y\u0131mlar\u0131ndan itibaren \u00e7ok say\u0131da yetim ve kimsesiz \u00e7ocuk toplumsal bir deste\u011fe gereksinim duyuyordu. Bu anlamda da Hovhannes Tumanyan k\u0131saca HOM diye an\u0131lan Ermeni Yard\u0131mseverler Birli\u011fi\u2019nin kurucular\u0131 aras\u0131nda yer ald\u0131 ancak ya\u015fanan karga\u015fa ortam\u0131nda \u00c7arl\u0131k polisi taraf\u0131ndan tutukland\u0131.<\/p>\n

Bu noktada Tumanyan\u2019\u0131n toplumsal faaliyetleri aras\u0131nda 1899\u2019da Tiflis\u2019te, Behrutyan sokak 44 numaradaki evinin \u00e7at\u0131 kat\u0131nda kurdu\u011fu edebiyat birli\u011fini de anmak gerekir. \u00d6zellikle ‘Vernadun’ (\u00e7at\u0131 kat\u0131) olarak Ermeni edebiyat tarihine ge\u00e7en olu\u015fum, d\u00f6nemin \u00fcnl\u00fc yazarlar\u0131ndan Ghazaros A\u011fayan, Avedik \u0130sahakyan, Levon \u015eant, Terenik Demirciyan ve Nikol A\u011fbalyan\u2019\u0131n haftada bir iki kez toplan\u0131p edebiyat sohbetleri ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirdikleri bir mek\u00e2nd\u0131.\u00a0 Berc Bro\u015fyan, Muratsan, Vrtanes Papazyan, Rahip Gomidas ile ressamlar Kevork Ba\u015fin\u00e7a\u011fyan ve Panos Terlemezyan da Vernadun’un m\u00fcdavimlerindendi. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla Tumanyan \u00f6nderli\u011finde farkl\u0131 sanat alanlar\u0131ndan pek \u00e7ok isim ilham verici ortak \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar i\u00e7in bulu\u015fmu\u015f oldu. 1908\u2019in sonlar\u0131na do\u011fru Vernadun yerini Kafkasyal\u0131 Ermeni Yazarlar Derne\u011fi’ne b\u0131rakt\u0131. Ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 yine Hovhannes Tumanyan\u2019\u0131n yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 bu derne\u011fin en \u00f6nemli faaliyetlerinden biri de, Sayat Nova\u2019n\u0131n ‘Daftar’ adl\u0131 el yaz\u0131s\u0131 divan\u0131n\u0131n bulunarak Yerevan\u2019daki m\u00fczeye ula\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 oldu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u00a0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Ekim Devrimi ve Tumanyan\u2019\u0131n Sanat\u0131<\/b><\/p>\n

Hen\u00fcz Ekim devrimi \u00f6ncesi, Ermeni halk\u0131n\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck evlatlar\u0131 Ha\u00e7adur Apovyan\u2019\u0131n ve Mikayel Nalbantyan\u2019\u0131n emanetine sad\u0131k kalan Hovhannes Tumanyan, \u201cErmeni halk\u0131n\u0131n kurtulu\u015fu hep Rusya\u2019dan olmu\u015f, Rusya\u2019dan da olacak\u201d ger\u00e7e\u011fini ifade ediyordu. B\u00fcy\u00fck Rus halk\u0131n\u0131 y\u00fcceltirken Tumanyan, \u00e7arl\u0131k Rusyas\u0131n\u0131n halklar\u0131 b\u00f6len, ilerlemeyi k\u00f6stekleyen politikas\u0131na tamamen olumsuz bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 da gizlemiyordu. Bu arada bir G\u00fcrc\u00fc ayd\u0131n\u0131na 1919\u2019da yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 mektupta \u201cHalklar\u0131m\u0131z aras\u0131nda yarat\u0131lan d\u00fc\u015fmanl\u0131k suni, sevgi ve karde\u015flik ise do\u011fal olup tahmin edilenden \u00e7ok daha g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fcd\u00fcr\u201d diyordu.<\/p>\n

Nitekim eserlerinde de s\u0131n\u0131f m\u00fccadeleleri hayli g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc ifade bulmaktad\u0131r, ‘Kral ile \u00e7er\u00e7i’ (1917) adl\u0131 naz\u0131m eserinde (legend) oldu\u011fu gibi:<\/p>\n

\u2026Ve daima, madem ki var
\n\u015eah ve tutsak, esir ve sahip,
\nYery\u00fcz\u00fcnde olmayacak, Ne d\u00fcr\u00fcst s\u00f6z, ne ya\u015fam, ne sevgi. \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<\/p>\n

Ele\u015ftirel bak\u0131\u015f h\u00fcmanist ozan\u0131 eski ili\u015fkileri reddederek yeni halk ili\u015fkileri yarat\u0131lmas\u0131 fikrine ula\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r ve insan\u0131n her t\u00fcrl\u00fc s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fcden, ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131ktan kurtulmu\u015f, \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne kavu\u015fmu\u015f olarak bar\u0131\u015f ve huzur temeline oturtulmu\u015f olarak halklar\u0131n dostlu\u011funa do\u011fru bir ge\u00e7i\u015fe y\u00f6neltir.<\/p>\n

1918’de emperyalist i\u015fgalciler Kafkasya\u2019y\u0131 Rusya\u2019dan ay\u0131rmay\u0131 ba\u015far\u0131p Men\u015fevikler, Ta\u015fnaklar ve Musavat\u00e7\u0131larla i\u015fbirli\u011fine girerek b\u00f6lgede karde\u015fi karde\u015fe vurdurtmaya ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, Tumanyan bu kanl\u0131 politikaya kar\u015f\u0131 k\u0131zg\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ifade etmekte gecikmez ve her zaman oldu\u011fu gibi her \u015feye ra\u011fmen halk\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131nda, ona ait oldu\u011funu g\u00f6sterir. Bu nedenle \u00e7a\u011fda\u015f\u0131, tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015f yazar Terenig Demirciyan, \u201cHalka ait olmak, halk\u0131n\u0131n ozan\u0131 olmak Tumanyan\u2019\u0131n teorisi ve prati\u011fiydi\u201d der ve Ermeni ulusunun b\u00fcy\u00fck ozan\u0131n\u0131n en belirgin y\u00f6nlerinden birini bu \u015fekilde tan\u0131mlam\u0131\u015f olur.<\/p>\n

Ger\u00e7ekten de Tumanyan\u2019\u0131n 1880\u2019lerin yar\u0131s\u0131nda yazmaya ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ilk m\u0131sralar\u0131ndan, 1920\u2019lerin ba\u015flar\u0131na kadar ge\u00e7ti\u011fi t\u00fcm yarat\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k g\u00fczerg\u00e2h\u0131 \u201cHalk\u0131na daha yak\u0131n olmak, onun ya\u015fam\u0131 ile \u00f6zde\u015fle\u015fmek, onu anlamak ve sanat yolu ile onun ge\u00e7mi\u015fi ile bug\u00fcn\u00fcn\u00fc, psikolojisini, onun kutsal ideallerini ifade etmek\u201d olmu\u015ftur. O, bu bilin\u00e7 ve ama\u00e7la eserlerinde halk\u0131n\u0131n ac\u0131s\u0131n\u0131, \u0131st\u0131rab\u0131n\u0131 ve g\u00fczel bir gelece\u011fe dair hayallerini payla\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Hovhannes Tumanyan’\u0131n s\u0131cac\u0131k anlat\u0131ml\u0131, co\u015fku dolu eserlerinden bug\u00fcn halen gen\u00e7 ku\u015faklar\u0131n ilham ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 an\u0131msan\u0131rsa, onun neden bir ‘halk ozan\u0131’ oldu\u011fu ve hep \u00f6yle kalaca\u011f\u0131 daha iyi anla\u015f\u0131l\u0131r. Halk\u0131n\u0131 damardan\u00a0 bilmenin g\u00fcc\u00fcyle \u00fcretti\u011fi eserler bu sebeple her daim g\u00fcnceldir ve de\u011ferini hi\u00e7\u00a0 yitirmeyecektir.<\/p>\n

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T\u00fcm Ermenilerin Ozan\u0131!<\/b><\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u00a0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Hovhannes Tumanyan’\u0131n ki\u015filik ve duru\u015funa dair \u00e7arp\u0131c\u0131 \u00f6zelliklerden biri de keskin zekas\u0131 ve dili kullanmadaki maharetidir. Bu noktada \u015faire dair pek \u00e7ok anekdot da anlat\u0131l\u0131r. Bunlardan en \u00e7ok sevilenlerinden biri \u015f\u00f6yledir:<\/p>\n

O d\u00f6nem Kutsal E\u00e7miadzin Manast\u0131r\u0131\u2019n\u0131n \u00e7evresinde toplanm\u0131\u015f olan g\u00f6\u00e7menler her g\u00fcn a\u00e7l\u0131ktan ve salg\u0131n hastal\u0131ktan k\u0131r\u0131lmaktayd\u0131. G\u00fcnlerden bir g\u00fcn, \u00f6nce \u00e7iseleyerek ba\u015flayan ya\u011fmur, sanki g\u00f6k kubbe delinmi\u015f\u00e7esine ya\u011fan bir sa\u011fana\u011fa d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. Tumanyan o g\u00fcne de\u011fin kimsenin cesaret edemedi\u011fi \u015feyi yapt\u0131 ve yeni a\u00e7\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olan Ba\u015fpatriklik (Veharan) binas\u0131n\u0131n kap\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 ard\u0131na kadar a\u00e7arak g\u00f6\u00e7menlerin ya\u011fmurdan korunmalar\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flad\u0131. Ba\u015fpatrik (Gato\u011figos) Be\u015finci Kevork onun bu davran\u0131\u015f\u0131na \u00e7ok hiddetlendi ve bir daha benzer bir \u015fey yapmamas\u0131 konusunda kendisini uyard\u0131. Tumanyan ise ihtiya\u00e7 olursa yine ayn\u0131 \u015fekilde davranaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yledi. Bunun \u00fczerine Ba\u015f Patrik aya\u011fa kalkarak \u201cKar\u015f\u0131n\u0131zda T\u00fcm Ermeniler\u2019in Gato\u011figosu var\u201d diye diklendi. Tumanyan\u2019\u0131n yan\u0131t\u0131 keskindi. \u201cSizin de kar\u015f\u0131n\u0131zda T\u00fcm Ermeniler\u2019in Ozan\u0131 var!\u201d<\/p>\n

Tumanyan\u2019\u0131n bu haz\u0131r cevapl\u0131\u011f\u0131 k\u0131sa s\u00fcrede t\u00fcm Ermenistan\u2019da ve de d\u00fcnyada duyuldu, ard\u0131ndan da onu tan\u0131mlayan bir s\u0131fata d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. \u00dcstelik hi\u00e7 de haks\u0131z olmayan bir s\u0131fata…<\/p>\n

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\n<\/div>\n

Tumanyan\u2019\u0131n unutulmaz d\u00f6rtl\u00fckleri<\/b><\/p>\n

Tumanyan\u2019\u0131n \u00f6zellikle mani formunda kaleme ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00f6rtl\u00fckleri en \u00f6nemli eserleri say\u0131l\u0131r. Asl\u0131nda ger\u00e7ekten de halk edebiyat\u0131n\u0131n bu \u00e7arp\u0131c\u0131 t\u00fcr\u00fc Tumanyan\u2019\u0131n kaleminde bir kez daha y\u00fcrekleri derinden titretecek \u00fcr\u00fcnlere d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr. \u00dcstelik \u015fair bu d\u00f6rt sat\u0131r i\u00e7inde okuruna toplumsal belle\u011fin derinliklerinden gelen h\u00fcmanist bir felsefe de sunar. A\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki \u00f6rnek bu insac\u0131l felsefeye uygun \u00f6rneklerdendir:<\/p>\n

\u201cD\u00fc\u015f\u00fcmde bir koyun g\u00f6rd\u00fcm, \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0
\nSorgulad\u0131 bencileyin: \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0
\n– Hak saklas\u0131n evlad\u0131n\u0131, \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0
\nTatl\u0131 m\u0131yd\u0131 kuzucu\u011fum?\u201d
\n\u0130nsan\u0131 sarsan, yedi\u011fi t\u00fcm kuzu etlerini bo\u011faz\u0131na dizen bu sat\u0131rlardan sonra Tumanyan bu kez duygumuzu de\u011fil akl\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 k\u0131\u015fk\u0131rt\u0131r.
\n\u201c\u0130nsan yiyen a\u011fz\u0131 kanl\u0131 \u015fu ahmak \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0
\nBin y\u00fczy\u0131l y\u00fcr\u00fcd\u00fc katil olmak i\u00e7in, \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0
\nCana k\u0131yan eli kanl\u0131 katilin \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0
\nDaha \u00e7ok yolu var insan olmaya\u201d
\nKendi dilinde her biri 4-4-3 ritimli ve onbir heceli bu d\u00f6rt sat\u0131rda anlat\u0131lan\u0131 bu kadar etkileyici aktarabilmek i\u00e7in sayfalar doldurmak gerekebilir.
\nTumanyan’\u0131n \u015fiir sanat\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan \u00e7ok de\u011ferli olan bir ba\u015fka \u00f6zelli\u011fi ise dizelerde s\u00f6zc\u00fcklerle yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131 m\u00fczikalitedir ve \u00e7evirmenler Tumanyan \u015fiirini lay\u0131k\u0131yla \u00e7evirmenin \u00e7ok me\u015fakkatli ve zorlu bir u\u011fra\u015f oldu\u011fu konusunda birle\u015fir.\u00a0<\/p>\n

\n
\n<\/div>\n

Paregentan (Karnaval Bayram\u0131)<\/b><\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u00a0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Bir varm\u0131\u015f bir yokmu\u015f, zamanlardan bir zaman ge\u00e7imsiz bir kar\u0131 koca varm\u0131\u015f.
\nAdam kar\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n aptall\u0131\u011f\u0131na k\u0131zarm\u0131\u015f kad\u0131n da kocas\u0131n\u0131n.
\nG\u00fcnlerden bir g\u00fcn adam birka\u00e7 okka unla pirin\u00e7, bir k\u00fcp ya\u011f al\u0131p eve gelmi\u015f.
\nKar\u0131s\u0131 \u00f6fkeyle s\u00f6ylenmeye ba\u015flam\u0131\u015f:
\n– Bunca unu ve ya\u011f\u0131 bir defadan neden ald\u0131n, d\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn dernek mi var yoksa baban\u0131n mevlidi mi?
\n– Aptal kar\u0131, Paregentan gelecek. Paregentan i\u00e7in ald\u0131m, demi\u015f. Kad\u0131n da rahatlam\u0131\u015f ve erzak\u0131 g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcp saklam\u0131\u015f.
\nG\u00fcn ge\u00e7mi\u015f zaman ge\u00e7mi\u015f, bekle bekle Paregentan gelmiyor! Kad\u0131n bir g\u00fcn evin \u00f6n\u00fcnde otururken bakm\u0131\u015f ki adam\u0131n biri aylak aylak sokaktan ge\u00e7iyor. H\u0131h, demi\u015f i\u00e7inden, i\u015fte bu Paregentan olmal\u0131. Seslenmi\u015f adama:
\n– Huu karde\u015f Paregentan sen misin?
\nAdam kad\u0131n\u0131n bir tahtas\u0131n\u0131n eksik oldu\u011funu anlam\u0131\u015f. He diyelim bakal\u0131m ne olacak, demi\u015f.
\n– He bac\u0131m, ben Paregentan\u2019\u0131m, sen ne diyorsun bana?
\n– \u015eunu diyorum, burada senin mal\u0131n\u0131n bek\u00e7isi mi var? Biz mecbur muyuz senin ya\u011f\u0131n\u0131 pirincini saklamaya, yeter gayr\u0131, al g\u00f6t\u00fcr \u015funlar\u0131, demesiyle ya\u011f\u0131, unu, pirinci koymu\u015f adam\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcne. Adam:
\n– Ne \u00fcz\u00fcl\u00fcyorsun bac\u0131m, demi\u015f, ben de zaten onun i\u00e7in gelmi\u015f sizin evi ar\u0131yordum.
\nAdam unu pirinci vurmu\u015f omzuna, k\u00fcp\u00fc alm\u0131\u015f koltu\u011funa ormana do\u011fru se\u011firtmi\u015f.
\nAz sonra kocas\u0131 gelmi\u015f eve, kad\u0131n:
\n– Hah, demi\u015f, geldi senin Paregentan, verdim mal\u0131n\u0131, gitti.
\n– ‘Ne Paregentan\u2019\u0131, ne mal\u0131?’ demeye kalmadan i\u015fin asl\u0131 anla\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015f.
\n– Vay senin ak\u0131ls\u0131z evin y\u0131k\u0131ls\u0131n kad\u0131n, ben sana bo\u015funa aptals\u0131n demiyorum, hele s\u00f6yle ne yana gitti?
\nKad\u0131n orman\u0131n yolunu g\u00f6sterince adam davranm\u0131\u015f, ah\u0131rdan at\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7ekti\u011fi gibi binmi\u015f d\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015f Paregentan\u2019\u0131n pe\u015fine.
\nParegentan ormanda ilerlerken nal seslerini duyunca k\u00fcp\u00fc ve \u00e7uval\u0131 bir a\u011fac\u0131n ard\u0131na saklam\u0131\u015f ,kendi de \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015f yola. Ba\u015flam\u0131\u015f beklemeye. Atl\u0131 tela\u015fla sormu\u015f:
\n– Merhaba karde\u015f, buradan \u00e7uvalla k\u00fcple biri ge\u00e7ti mi?
\n– Ge\u00e7ti.
\n– Ne yana gitti?
\n– Aha bu yana diye eliyle kendi yolunun tersini g\u00f6stermi\u015f.
\n– \u00c7ok oldu mu, at\u0131m\u0131 s\u00fcrsem yeti\u015fir miyim?
\n– \u00c7ok olmad\u0131 ama zor yeti\u015firsin. O yayand\u0131r sen atl\u0131s\u0131n.
\n– O niye \u00f6yle?
\n– Niyesi var m\u0131? Senin at\u0131n d\u00f6rt ayak, o ise iki. Senin at\u0131n biir-ikii-\u00fc\u00fc\u00e7-d\u00f6\u00f6rt deyip ilerleyene kadar o bir-iki, bir-iki, bir-iki deyip gider.
\nSaf k\u00f6yl\u00fcn\u00fcn akl\u0131 kar\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015f.
\n– O zaman sen \u015fu ata g\u00f6z kulak ol da ben \u015funun pe\u015fi s\u0131ra yeti\u015feyim, deyip, at\u0131n yular\u0131n\u0131 adam\u0131n eline vermi\u015f, kendi de orman\u0131n yolunu tutmu\u015f.
\nAdam ganimetinden mutlu, mal\u0131 a\u011fac\u0131n arkas\u0131ndan \u00e7\u0131karm\u0131\u015f, beygire y\u00fckledi\u011fi gibi kendi de at \u00fcst\u00fcnde, orman\u0131n i\u00e7inde g\u00f6zden kaybolmu\u015f.<\/p>\n

***<\/p>\n

\u00a0O g\u00fcn bug\u00fcnd\u00fcr ge\u00e7imsiz kar\u0131 koca halen kavga ederlermi\u015f.
\n– Ak\u0131ls\u0131z kad\u0131n, unu ya\u011f\u0131 kapt\u0131rd\u0131n!
\n– Sen daha ak\u0131ls\u0131zs\u0131n, at\u0131 da \u00fcst\u00fcne kapt\u0131rd\u0131n!
\nParegentan ise onlar\u0131 dinler g\u00fclermi\u015f.<\/p>\n

\n
\n<\/div>\n

Gatil m\u0131 Me\u011fr (Bir Damla Bal)<\/b><\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u00a0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Adam\u0131n biri, k\u00f6y\u00fcnde
\nD\u00fckk\u00e2n a\u00e7m\u0131\u015f,
\nIv\u0131r z\u0131v\u0131r sat\u0131yordu.<\/p>\n

G\u00fcnlerden bir g\u00fcn
\nHeybesi omzunda, iti ard\u0131nda
\nZ\u0131r bir \u00e7oban \u00e7\u0131kageldi:
\n– G\u00fcn\u00fcn ayd\u0131n ey d\u00fckk\u00e2nc\u0131
\nVarsa bana bir tas bal ver.
\n-Olmaz m\u0131 hi\u00e7, \u00e7oban karde\u015f
\nSen tas\u0131n\u0131 uzat\u0131ver…<\/p>\n

Tatl\u0131 tatl\u0131 muhabbetle,
\nBaldan tatl\u0131 s\u00f6zlerle
\nBal koyarken tasa,
\nBir damlac\u0131k da d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcverdi
\nYerdeki eski hal\u0131ya.
\nDzz, \u00f6teden bir karasinek
\nD\u00f6nd\u00fc d\u00f6nd\u00fc kondu bala.<\/p>\n

D\u00fckk\u00e2n\u0131n uyu\u015fuk kedisi
\nAt\u0131ld\u0131 sine\u011fin \u00fcst\u00fcne,
\nBunu g\u00f6ren \u00e7oban\u0131n iti
\n– Hav etti yakalad\u0131 pisiyi,
\nEnsesinden tutmas\u0131yla
\nBir sa\u011fa vurdu bir sola,
\nLe\u015fini serdi hal\u0131ya<\/p>\n

Vay, dedi d\u00fckk\u00e2nc\u0131,
\nVay seni geberesice,
\nBo\u011fdun nazl\u0131 pisimi.
\nAlamad\u0131 h\u0131z\u0131n\u0131, indirdi
\nElindeki a\u011f\u0131r kep\u00e7eyi.
\nKoca \u00c7omar\u2019\u0131n aln\u0131na
\nVurdu ha vurdu,
\nY\u0131\u011fd\u0131 kedinin yan\u0131na.<\/p>\n

Vay ben \u00f6lem yi\u011fit itim
\nKurban gitti u\u011fursuza,
\nBen geleyim bal almaya
\nSen itimin can\u0131n\u0131 al.
\n– Al bu da sana,
\nDedi \u00e7oban
\nVe indirdi \u015fim\u015fir sopay\u0131
\nD\u00fckk\u00e2nc\u0131n\u0131n kafas\u0131na.<\/p>\n

Yeti\u015f, yeti\u015f, yeti\u015fin,
\nDiye ba\u011f\u0131rd\u0131 k\u00f6yl\u00fc.
\nDuyan bir daha ba\u011f\u0131rd\u0131:
\n-Yeti\u015f yeti\u015f yeti\u015fin.
\nA\u015fa\u011f\u0131 mahalleden
\nYukar\u0131 mahalleden
\nYolun ba\u015f\u0131ndan
\nYolun sonundan
\nTopla\u015ft\u0131lar ba\u015f\u0131na,
\n– Da\u011fdan gelmi\u015f de ay\u0131
\nK\u00f6yl\u00fcm\u00fcz\u00fc \u00f6ld\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015f…
\nDuyan vurdu gelen vurdu
\nKad\u0131n vurdu \u00e7ocuk vurdu
\nYa\u015fl\u0131 vurdu gen\u00e7 vurdu,
\nVe \u00e7oban\u0131n \u00f6l\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fc
\nKoydular itin yan\u0131na.
\nSonra da bir tellal \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131lar
\nKom\u015fu k\u00f6y\u00fcn halk\u0131na:
\n– Gelin \u00e7oban\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n le\u015fini al\u0131n.<\/p>\n

Ate\u015f d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc kom\u015fu k\u00f6ye,
\n-Tuh, dediler b\u00f6yle i\u015fe,
\nBiz gidelim mal almaya
\nOnlar bizdan can als\u0131nlar.
\n\u00d6fke hakl\u0131 \u00f6fke tatl\u0131,
\nDuyan gelen silahland\u0131.
\nKiminde bir karabina
\nKiminde orak kiminde yaba,
\nYal\u0131nayak ba\u015f\u0131kabak,
\nK\u00f6y ordusu \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131 yola.
\nGirdiler d\u00fc\u015fman k\u00f6y\u00fcne,
\n\u00d6yle olmaz b\u00f6yle olur,
\nVurdular ha vurdular,
\n\u00d6ld\u00fcler ha \u00f6ld\u00fcler,
\nKan dere olup ak\u0131nca
\nKavgaya son verdiler.<\/p>\n

Sen deme ki birbirine bunca yak\u0131n
\nKap\u0131 kom\u015fu iki k\u00f6y\u00fcn aras\u0131ndan
\n\u0130ki devleti ay\u0131ran s\u0131n\u0131r ge\u00e7ermi\u015f.<\/p>\n

Bu i\u015fler olur da durulur mu?
\nHaberciler haber etmi\u015f
\nKom\u015fu devlet sava\u015f a\u00e7m\u0131\u015f
\nGelmi\u015f s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 ge\u00e7mi\u015f
\nK\u00f6y\u00fcm\u00fcz\u00fc harap etmi\u015f
\nMi\u015f mi\u015f de mi\u015f mi\u015f.
\nDuyan \u00fcst\u00fcne bir \u015fey daha eklemi\u015f
\nHaberi kral\u0131na yeti\u015ftirmi\u015f.
\n– Vay demi\u015f bu kez kral,
\nG\u00fcya bizle bar\u0131\u015ftalar,
\nBar\u0131\u015flar\u0131 buysa e\u011fer
\nBundan sonra sava\u015fs\u0131nlar.
\nBeriki kral geri durmam\u0131\u015f,
\nH\u00f6t h\u00fct etmi\u015f,
\nD\u00f6t d\u00fct etmi\u015f,
\nVatan, millet, namus demi\u015f,
\nSeferberlik ilan etmi\u015f.
\nK\u00f6yler de\u011fil kentler yanm\u0131\u015f,
\nEvler damlar ah\u0131rlar,
\nEkin dolu tarlalar,
\nYanm\u0131\u015f yanm\u0131\u015f k\u00fcl olmu\u015f.<\/p>\n

Analara yas d\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015f,
\nGelinler kara ba\u011flam\u0131\u015f,
\nGiden gitmi\u015f d\u00f6nmemi\u015f,
\nSava\u015f otuz y\u0131l s\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015f.
\nNe eken var ne bi\u00e7en,
\nNe tohumu ye\u015ferten,
\nEli tutan asker olmu\u015f,
\nVarm\u0131\u015f insan \u00f6ld\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015f.
\nK\u0131tl\u0131k girmi\u015f memlekete.<\/p>\n

Kalanlarsa deh\u015fetle,
\nOlan bitene \u015fa\u015fa kal\u0131p
\nSorarlarm\u0131\u015f birbirine:
\nNereden \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131 bu harp- diye.<\/p>\n

pakrates@yahoo.com<\/i><\/b><\/p>\n

sseropyan@agos.com.tr<\/i><\/a><\/p>\n

http:\/\/www.agos.com.tr\/haber.php?seo=145-yildonumunde-halk-ozani-hovhannes-tumanyan&haberid=6708<\/i><\/b><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

PAKRAT ESTUKYAN SARK\u0130S SEROPYAN Ku\u015faktan ku\u015fa\u011fa aktar\u0131lm\u0131\u015f geleneksel masal, efsane ve \u015fiirleri ile de\u011fil, g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc ki\u015fili\u011fi ve siyasi duru\u015fu da Ermeni k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcnde derin izler b\u0131rakan Tumanyan, bu y\u0131l 145. do\u011fum y\u0131ld\u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fc ile bir kez daha Ermenicenin konu\u015fuldu\u011fu b\u00fct\u00fcn co\u011frafyalarda \u00e7e\u015fitli etkinliklerle an\u0131l\u0131yor. Uluslar\u0131n tarihinde kimi ola\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc d\u00f6nemler, ola\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc \u00f6zelliklerle donanm\u0131\u015f sanat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n do\u011fmas\u0131na yol a\u00e7abilir. Hovhannes […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[14,26,44],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-28678","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-haberler","category-makaleler","category-unluler"],"yoast_head":"\n145. y\u0131ld\u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fcnde halk ozan\u0131 Hovhannes Tumanyan - Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/akunq.net\/turkish\/2014\/03\/04\/145-yildonumunde-halk-ozani-hovhannes-tumanyan\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"145. y\u0131ld\u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fcnde halk ozan\u0131 Hovhannes Tumanyan - Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"PAKRAT ESTUKYAN SARK\u0130S SEROPYAN Ku\u015faktan ku\u015fa\u011fa aktar\u0131lm\u0131\u015f geleneksel masal, efsane ve \u015fiirleri ile de\u011fil, g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc ki\u015fili\u011fi ve siyasi duru\u015fu da Ermeni k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcnde derin izler b\u0131rakan Tumanyan, bu y\u0131l 145. do\u011fum y\u0131ld\u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fc ile bir kez daha Ermenicenin konu\u015fuldu\u011fu b\u00fct\u00fcn co\u011frafyalarda \u00e7e\u015fitli etkinliklerle an\u0131l\u0131yor. Uluslar\u0131n tarihinde kimi ola\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc d\u00f6nemler, ola\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc \u00f6zelliklerle donanm\u0131\u015f sanat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n do\u011fmas\u0131na yol a\u00e7abilir. 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