{"id":28249,"date":"2014-02-03T04:38:09","date_gmt":"2014-02-03T09:38:09","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=28249"},"modified":"2014-02-03T04:38:09","modified_gmt":"2014-02-03T09:38:09","slug":"1937-38-dersim-katliaminda-ermeniler","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/turkish\/2014\/02\/03\/1937-38-dersim-katliaminda-ermeniler\/","title":{"rendered":"1937-38 Dersim Katliam\u0131nda Ermeniler"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"Kazim<\/a>Kaz\u0131m G\u00fcndo\u011fan<\/b><\/p>\n

Makale, 2-4 Kas\u0131m 2013 tarihlerinde Hrant Dink Vakf\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan \u0130stanbul\u2019da d\u00fczenlenen <\/i><\/b>“M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanla\u015f(t\u0131r\u0131l)m\u0131\u015f Ermeniler Konferans\u0131”na sunulan bir bildiri <\/i><\/b>olup, vak\u0131f taraf\u0131ndan kitapla\u015facakt\u0131r. <\/i><\/b><\/p>\n

Biz, \u201cDersim ve Dersim’in Kay\u0131p K\u0131zlar\u0131\u201d kapsam\u0131ndaki \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmam\u0131z\u0131 geni\u015fletirken yaln\u0131z 1937-1938’in de\u011fil, 1915’in de ma\u011fdurlar\u0131 olan Ermenilerden yetim kalan, Alevile\u015fen, M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanla\u015fan ve her biri \u00f6tekinden \u00e7ileli ya\u015fam s\u00fcren insanlar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n ya\u015fam \u00f6yk\u00fclerini toplad\u0131k. Esas olarak onlar\u0131n \u00f6yk\u00fclerini payla\u015faca\u011f\u0131z.<\/p>\n

Burada tarihsel arka plana de\u011finmek isterdik, ancak s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 zaman i\u00e7inde m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmayacak. \u015eunu s\u00f6yleyebiliriz ki, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmam\u0131za konu olan Dersim Ermenileri bug\u00fcnlere ula\u015fan etnik gruplar\u0131n en eskisidirler. Dersimi kapsayan yukar\u0131 F\u0131rat havzas\u0131nda Urartu devletinin y\u0131k\u0131l\u0131\u015f a\u015famas\u0131ndan beri varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 belirgin olan Ermeniler en az 2.600 y\u0131ll\u0131k ge\u00e7mi\u015fe sahiptir. Hititlerle zamanda\u015f ve kom\u015fu olan Kemah merkezli Hayasa uygarl\u0131\u011f\u0131 Ermenili\u011fin eski yerle\u015fik damar\u0131 olarak hesaba kat\u0131l\u0131rsa bu ge\u00e7mi\u015fin 3.500 y\u0131ldan daha uzun oldu\u011fu s\u00f6ylenebilir.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Dersim gibi m\u00fcstesna engebeli bir co\u011frafya, direni\u015f mevzisi ve \u00f6zerk ya\u015fam alan\u0131 hi\u00e7bir d\u00f6nem homojen olmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Yak\u0131n y\u00fczy\u0131llarda ise Ermeniler, K\u0131rman\u00e7lar-Zazalar, K\u00fcrtler ve T\u00fcrkmenlerin ortak yurdudur diyebiliriz. \u0130nan\u00e7 bak\u0131m\u0131ndan da, tek tanr\u0131l\u0131 dinler \u00f6ncesi rit\u00fcellerin etkin oldu\u011fu, a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131kl\u0131 olarak K\u0131z\u0131lba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n, H\u0131ristiyanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n ve k\u0131smen \u0130slam\u2019\u0131n yan yana ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir co\u011frafyad\u0131r. (Hovsep Hayreni, Dersimli Ermeniler: \u00c7ifte Damgal\u0131 Bir Kimli\u011fin Ya\u015fam M\u00fccadelesi)<\/b><\/p>\n

Osmanl\u0131 h\u00e2kimiyetinin ba\u015flar\u0131nda (16. y\u00fczy\u0131l ilk yar\u0131s\u0131) tutulan tahrir defterlerinden anla\u015f\u0131l\u0131yor ki, Ermeni k\u00f6ylerinin say\u0131s\u0131 ve n\u00fcfus yo\u011funluklar\u0131 olduk\u00e7a fazlaym\u0131\u015f. A\u015fa\u011f\u0131 yukar\u0131 bug\u00fcnk\u00fc Dersim il s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131yla \u00f6rt\u00fc\u015fen o zaman\u0131n \u00c7emi\u015fgezek Sanca\u011f\u0131’nda toplam hane say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n % 52 ila 57’si gayrim\u00fcslim g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcyor. Ki bunlar\u0131n ezici \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011fu \u201cCema’at-\u0131 Eramine\u201d diye kaydedilmi\u015ftir. (Mehmet Ali \u00dcnal, XVI. Y\u00fczy\u0131lda \u00c7emi\u015fgezek Sanca\u011f\u0131)<\/b> Az say\u0131da Rum ve S\u00fcryani hanelerin de bu oran i\u00e7inde oldu\u011funu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnerek g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczden 500 y\u0131l \u00f6nce b\u00f6lgenin yar\u0131 yar\u0131ya Ermeni n\u00fcfustan olu\u015ftu\u011funu s\u00f6yleyebiliriz.<\/p>\n

16. y\u00fczy\u0131l sonlar\u0131 ve 17. y\u00fczy\u0131l ba\u015flar\u0131nda Celali isyanlar\u0131 ile Osmanl\u0131 devletinin onu bast\u0131rma hareketleri Ermeni n\u00fcfusun bir\u00e7ok yerde azalmas\u0131na yol a\u00e7an \u00f6nemli fakt\u00f6rlerden biri olmu\u015ftur. Kemahl\u0131 Rahip Krikor Darana\u011ftsi\u2019nin elyazmas\u0131 kronolojisine g\u00f6re, bu \u00e7at\u0131\u015fma ortam\u0131nda her iki taraftan talana u\u011frayan, kasaba ve k\u00f6yleri harabeye \u00e7evrilen Ermeniler 1600’lerin ba\u015f\u0131nda Kemah, Erzincan, E\u011fin, Divri\u011fi \u00e7evrelerinden \u0130stanbul ve Trakya’ya g\u00f6\u00e7 eder. Erzincan\u2019da Cimin (\u00dcz\u00fcml\u00fc) gibi baz\u0131 y\u00f6relerin Ermenileri, g\u00fcvenlik kayg\u0131s\u0131yla M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanl\u0131\u011fa ge\u00e7er ve T\u00fcrkle\u015firler.<\/p>\n

Ayn\u0131 d\u00f6nem Dersim’de bir k\u0131s\u0131m Ermenilerin de Alevili\u011fe meylettikleri ve baz\u0131 a\u015firetlere kar\u0131\u015farak Alevile\u015ftikleri-K\u00fcrtle\u015ftikleri yolunda bir rivayet var. (Kevork Hala\u00e7yan’\u0131n Dersim Etnografyas\u0131’nda bahsetti\u011fi Der Simon s\u00f6ylencesi). Fakat bunun belgesi olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in ger\u00e7eklik pay\u0131 bilinmiyor, do\u011fru ise hangi \u00e7evrelerle ilgili ve ne boyutta oldu\u011fu kestirilemiyor.<\/p>\n

O tarihten \u00f6nceleri baz\u0131 d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcmler ya\u015fanm\u0131\u015f olabilir. Ama daha yak\u0131n bir zamanda 1895-96 katliamlar\u0131 ile 1915 ve 1938 k\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131 sonucu M\u00fcsl\u00fcman ya da Alevi kimli\u011fine b\u00fcr\u00fcnenlerin torunlar\u0131 \u00e7o\u011funlukla kendi k\u00f6kenlerini biliyor.<\/p>\n

Arsen Yarman, Palu-Harput 1878) (Aktaran H.Hayreni, Dersimli Ermeniler: \u00c7ifte Damgal\u0131 Bir Kimli\u011fin Ya\u015fam M\u00fccadelesi)<\/b>: \u00a01915 Ermeni soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 \u00f6ncesi her ne kadar g\u00f6r\u00fclen bask\u0131lar ve d\u0131\u015f g\u00f6\u00e7 nedeniyle n\u00fcfuslar\u0131 azalsa da Dersim, Ermeniler i\u00e7in ya\u015famlar\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrebilecekleri bir yurt olma \u00f6zelli\u011fini koruyordu. Bunu \u201cToros Ahpar Ermenistan Yolcusu\u201d isimli eserinde, Karekin S\u0131rvantsdyants yerinde tespit ediyor. (Arsen Yarman, Palu-Harput 1878) (Aktaran H.Hayreni, Dersimli Ermeniler: \u00c7ifte Damgal\u0131 Bir Kimli\u011fin Ya\u015fam M\u00fccadelesi)<\/b><\/p>\n

1915 sonras\u0131 Dersim\u2019de ya\u015fayan Ermenilerin soyk\u0131r\u0131mdan kurtularak buraya s\u0131\u011f\u0131nanlar oldu\u011fu san\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Kanaatimizce bu eksik bilgidir. Evet, soyk\u0131r\u0131mda s\u0131\u011f\u0131narak kurtulanlar var. Ancak \u00f6zet olarak verdi\u011fimiz Dersim co\u011frafyas\u0131nda ya\u015fayan halklara dair bilgiler Ermenilerin \u00e7ok eski tarihlerden beri burada ya\u015fayan yerle\u015fik halklardan biri oldu\u011funu a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a g\u00f6steriyor. Bu konuda \u00e7ok de\u011fi\u015fik rakamlar verilse de k\u0131r\u0131mdan kurtulan Dersimli Ermenilerle beraber yakla\u015f\u0131k 10 bin civar\u0131nda s\u0131\u011f\u0131nmac\u0131n\u0131n Dersimli K\u0131z\u0131lba\u015f K\u0131rman\u00e7 ve K\u00fcrt a\u015firetleri aras\u0131nda korunma buldu\u011fu ve baz\u0131 Dersim a\u015firetlerinin yard\u0131m\u0131yla Erzincan\u2019a ge\u00e7erek ve Ruslar\u0131n sava\u015ftan \u00e7ekilmesini takiben Kafkas b\u00f6lgesine ula\u015ft\u0131klar\u0131 tan\u0131klar\u0131n anlat\u0131m\u0131yla do\u011frulanabilmektedir. (Hovsep Hayreni, Ermeni K\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131 ve Dersim)\u00a0\u00a0 <\/b><\/p>\n

Anlat\u0131mlar ve belgelerden gerek 1895 k\u0131r\u0131m\u0131, gerekse de 1915 soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131nda Dersim\u2019de hem m\u00fclkiyetin el de\u011fi\u015ftirmesi, hem din de\u011fi\u015ftirme, hem de yer de\u011fi\u015ftirmelerin oldu\u011funu yine tan\u0131k anlat\u0131mlar\u0131ndan g\u00f6rmekteyiz.\u00a0 Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla 1915 \u2018e kadar kendi anayurtlar\u0131nda ekonomik, sosyal, k\u00fclt\u00fcrel, inan\u00e7sal ve tarihsel b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc i\u00e7inde bir ya\u015fam s\u00fcrd\u00fcren Ermeni halk\u0131 bu b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc giderek yitirir ve h\u0131zl\u0131 bi\u00e7imde \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclme s\u00fcrecine girer. Dersim Ermenileri ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131 kurtarm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r belki ama m\u00fclkiyetini, inanc\u0131n\u0131 ve sosyal stat\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fc kaybetmi\u015ftir.\u00a0 Bir tan\u0131\u011f\u0131n ifadesiyle,\u00a0 \u201cSahibi oldu\u011fumuz topraklar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n marabas\u0131 olduk<\/i>.\u201d Soyk\u0131r\u0131mdan kurtulan Ermeniler Dersim de de\u011fi\u015fik a\u015firetlerin yan\u0131nda var olma m\u00fccadelesi verirler.<\/p>\n

Cumhuriyet D\u00f6neminde Dersim <\/b><\/p>\n

1923 Lozan anla\u015fmas\u0131yla s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131 (Misak-\u0131 Milli) g\u00fcvenceye alan T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyeti Devleti, iktidar\u0131n\u0131 hangi ideolojik temeller \u00fczerinde in\u015fa edece\u011fi ve kurtar\u0131lan vatan topra\u011f\u0131 \u00fczerinde hangi etnik unsurun egemen olaca\u011f\u0131 sorular\u0131na yan\u0131t ar\u0131yordu.\u00a0 \u00c7o\u011funlu\u011fu \u0130ttihat ve Terakki \u00fcyelerinden olu\u015fan kurucu kadrolar 1924 Anayasas\u0131yla yasal \u00e7er\u00e7eveyi,\u00a0 1925 \u015eark Islahat Plan\u0131yla siyasal ve toplumsal ama\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 belirleyerek yola devam ettiler.\u00a0 Ama\u00e7 Ba\u015fbakan \u0130smet \u0130n\u00f6n\u00fc taraf\u0131ndan \u015f\u00f6yle form\u00fcle edilmi\u015fti; \u201cVatan topra\u011f\u0131 \u00fczerinde ya\u015fayan herkesi T\u00fcrk ve T\u00fcrk\u00e7\u00fc yapaca\u011f\u0131z. T\u00fcrk ve T\u00fcrk\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc kabul etmeyenleri sistemli bi\u00e7imde kesip ataca\u011f\u0131z.<\/i>\u201d (\u0130smet \u0130n\u00f6n\u00fc, Vakit Gazetesi,\u00a0 27 Nisan 1925)<\/b> Dili T\u00fcrk\u00e7e, dini \u0130slam ve \u0131rk\u0131 T\u00fcrk olarak belirlenen burjuva ulus devlet in\u015fas\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kanlar \u201csistemli bi\u00e7imde kesilip at\u0131lacak\u201dt\u0131.<\/p>\n

1914 de Rumlar, 1915 de Ermeniler tasfiye edilmi\u015f, m\u00fclklerine, sermayelerine el konulmu\u015ftu.\u00a0 Sermeye T\u00fcrk\u00e7\u00fc ve \u0130slamc\u0131 egemen s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n eline ge\u00e7mi\u015fti\u2026 Yeni burjuva Devlet, 1925\u2019ten itibaren K\u00fcrtlerin T\u00fcrkle\u015ftirilmesine y\u00f6neldi. 1925-30 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda pek \u00e7ok katliam yap\u0131ld\u0131. Ciddi direni\u015fler g\u00f6sterildi. Ancak sonu\u00e7ta K\u00fcrt ulusal dinamikleri da\u011f\u0131t\u0131ld\u0131 ve denetim alt\u0131na al\u0131nd\u0131. Dersim bu s\u00fcrecin d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda tutularak en sona b\u0131rak\u0131ld\u0131. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc o daha k\u00f6kl\u00fc bir \u201csorun\u201ddu. Uzun bir haz\u0131rl\u0131k ve plan gerekliydi.\u00a0 Ayr\u0131ca Dersim meselesi i\u00e7inde birde Dersim Ermenileri meselesi vard\u0131.<\/p>\n

Devletin Dersim de Ermenileri iki farkl\u0131 kategoride ele ald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcyoruz.\u00a0 Birincisi; Alevile\u015fen Ermeniler, ikincisi; H\u0131ristiyan Ermeniler. 1938\u2019e gelindi\u011finde Ermeni kimli\u011fi bilinse de; Nazimiye Hakis, Derovan,\u00a0 Mazgirt Xozinke\u011f, Danaburan, Sorpiyan, \u015eorda, \u00c7uxur,\u00a0 Hozat\u0131n baz\u0131 k\u00f6yleri, Haydaran ve Demenan ve daha ba\u015fka b\u00f6lgelerdeki Ermeniler K\u0131z\u0131lba\u015flara tabi olmu\u015flard\u0131. Bu b\u00f6lgelerde ki Alevi Ermeniler katliamda H\u0131ristiyan Ermenilerin ya\u015fad\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 ya\u015famad\u0131lar. Tabi olduklar\u0131 a\u015firetlerin ak\u0131betini ya\u015fad\u0131lar. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla sadece bir Ermenilik sorunu de\u011fil, bir H\u0131ristiyanl\u0131k sorunu oldu\u011funu g\u00f6r\u00fcyoruz.<\/p>\n

Tarihleri, kiliseleri, okullar\u0131 yok edilmesine ra\u011fmen a\u00e7\u0131k ve gizli olarak H\u0131ristiyan Ermenilerin yo\u011fun ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 Halvori, Torut, Z\u0131mek, Ergan, Akrak, Sin, Mameki, Merxo (ki buralar 1915\u2019de devletin ula\u015famad\u0131\u011f\u0131 b\u00f6lgelerdir) gibi b\u00f6lgelerde Ermeni halk\u0131 1938\u2019e kadar kendi inan\u00e7lar\u0131na uygun, kurulu d\u00fczenleriyle ya\u015famaktayd\u0131lar. Ancak bu durum devleti ciddi olarak rahats\u0131z ediyordu. Her ne kadar K\u0131z\u0131lba\u015f d\u00fc\u015fmanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 varsa da H\u0131ristiyan Ermeni d\u00fc\u015fmanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n bunun \u00f6n\u00fcne ge\u00e7mi\u015f oldu\u011funu tan\u0131k anlat\u0131mlar\u0131ndan ve baz\u0131 belgelerden \u00f6\u011freniyoruz. Sin b\u00f6lgesinde Dersim katliamdan kurtulan bir tan\u0131\u011f\u0131n \u015fu ifadesi \u00e7ok \u00e7arp\u0131c\u0131;<\/p>\n

\u201cK\u00f6y\u00fcm\u00fczde yakla\u015f\u0131k on hane Ermeni kom\u015fumuz vard\u0131. Bizi toplay\u0131p katletmeye g\u00f6t\u00fcrd\u00fcklerinde onlar\u0131 bizden ay\u0131r\u0131p bir dereye g\u00f6t\u00fcrd\u00fcler.\u00a0 B\u00fcy\u00fcklerimiz onlar\u0131 neden ay\u0131rd\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 sordular. Y\u00fczba\u015f\u0131 \u015f\u00f6yle yan\u0131t verdi: \u2018Gavur kan\u0131 M\u00fcsl\u00fcman kan\u0131na kar\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u2019 dedi. Sonra onlar\u0131 da bizi de<\/i> k\u0131rd\u0131lar\u2026\u201d<\/p>\n

\u00a0 T\u00fcrk-\u0130slam sentezci Cumhuriyet kadrolar\u0131 politikalar\u0131n\u0131 ya\u015fama ge\u00e7irmek ve ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 olmak i\u00e7in yeri geldi\u011finde \u0130slam\u2019\u0131, yeri geldi\u011finde T\u00fcrk\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc \u00e7ok ustaca kullan\u0131rlar. H\u0131ristiyanlar s\u00f6z konusu oldu\u011funda \u2018raf\u0131z\u00ee, katli vacip\u2019 dedikleri K\u0131z\u0131lba\u015flar\u0131 \u2018din karde\u015fi\u2019li\u011fi \u015femsiyesi alt\u0131na almaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rlar. Hozat Mutasarr\u0131f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n Kocan a\u015fireti reisi \u0130brahim A\u011fa (\u0130dare A\u011fa) ve a\u015firet reislerine g\u00f6nderdi\u011fi resmi yaz\u0131 buna \u00e7arp\u0131c\u0131 bir \u00f6rnek olu\u015fturmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u201cSayg\u0131de\u011fer Seyit A\u011fa ve A\u015firet Reisleri; Ni\u00e7in kur\u015fundan ya da nikelden yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ha\u00e7a inan\u0131r ve yan\u0131n\u0131zda bulunan 10 bin Ermeni\u2019yi h\u00fck\u00fcmete teslim etmekten ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131rs\u0131n\u0131z? Biz ve siz ayn\u0131 dine mensup olarak dostluk ve karde\u015flik i\u00e7inde hareket etmeliyiz\u2026<\/i>\u201d<\/p>\n

Pek \u00e7ok a\u015firet reisinin kat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir toplant\u0131 yap\u0131l\u0131r ve uzun tart\u0131\u015fmalardan sonra devletin talebi ret edilir. Toplant\u0131n\u0131n yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 evin sahibi Beko\u2019nun karde\u015fi Mehmet, elindeki de\u011fne\u011fi havaya kald\u0131r\u0131p misafirler i\u00e7inde dikilir ve \u015fu \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131y\u0131 yapar: \u201cKarde\u015fimin s\u00f6zleriyle hemfikir olan bu de\u011fne\u011fi \u00f6perek Ermenileri teslim etmemeye yemin etsin. Bu Hazreti H\u0131z\u0131r\u2019\u0131n de\u011fne\u011fidir. H\u0131z\u0131r\u2019\u0131 seven \u00f6ps\u00fcn!\u201d Bu \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131 \u00fczerine b\u00fct\u00fcn a\u011falar aya\u011fa kalkar ve hu\u015fu i\u00e7inde de\u011fne\u011fi \u00f6perek bir tek Ermeni bile teslim etmemek \u00fczere yemin ederler. Bu yeminli kararl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n haberi \u00e7abucak b\u00fct\u00fcn Dersim\u2019e yay\u0131l\u0131r. Ondan sonra hi\u00e7 kimse b\u00fcy\u00fck a\u011falar\u0131n yeminine kar\u015f\u0131 bir i\u015f yapmaya cesaret edemedi ve bir daha Ermeni teslim edilmedi T\u00fcrklere<\/i>.\u201d\u00a0 (H. Kasparyan’dan aktaran H. Hayreni, Ermeni K\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131 ve Dersim)<\/b><\/p>\n

Devletin Dersim H\u0131r\u0131stiyan Ermenileri\u2019nden rahats\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131na bir ba\u015fka \u00f6rnek ise \u015f\u00f6yledir: Sarkis Minasyan 1926-27 isyan\u0131nda (Kocan A\u015firetine y\u00f6nelik tedip harek\u00e2t\u0131-bn.) Dersimli K\u00fcrtlerle i\u015fbirli\u011fi yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve onlara cephane sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 iddias\u0131yla Akarak\u2019tan al\u0131n\u0131p \u00c7emi\u015fgezek\u2019e g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcr, i\u015fkence edilir ve tutuklan\u0131r. <\/b>1929 sonu ya da 1930 ba\u015flar\u0131nda \u00c7emi\u015fgezek polis m\u00fcd\u00fcr\u00fc Sarkis\u2019i \u00e7a\u011f\u0131r\u0131r ve \u015f\u00f6yle der: \u201cSarkis A\u011fa, Mastafa Kemal Pa\u015fa\u2019dan emir gelmi\u015f ki, F\u0131rat ve Murat nehirleri k\u0131y\u0131s\u0131nda ve ba\u015fka k\u00f6yler i\u00e7inde hi\u00e7 bir Ermeni kalmas\u0131n. Hepsinin \u00c7emi\u015fgezek i\u00e7ine toplanmas\u0131 gerekiyor. B\u00fct\u00fcn k\u00f6ylerin Ermenilerini toplaman i\u00e7in sana \u00fc\u00e7 g\u00fcn m\u00fchlet!<\/i> \u201d\u2026 Yap\u0131lan uyar\u0131y\u0131 dikkate alarak Sarkis yeti\u015fkinleri toplar. G\u00f6\u00e7me y\u00f6n\u00fcnde karar verirler. Olan olmayana yard\u0131m ederek \u00f6nce \u0130stanbul\u2019a, oradan da Ermenistan\u2019a veya isteyen Halep\u2019e gitmek \u00fczere\u2026 (H. Kasparyan’dan aktaran H. Hayreni, Ermeni K\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131 ve Dersim)<\/b><\/p>\n

Bu \u00f6rnekler, Cumhuriyet devleti i\u00e7in, \u2018Dersim meselesi\u2019 i\u00e7inde \u00f6zel \u2018Dersim H\u0131ristiyan Ermenileri meselesi\u2019 oldu\u011funu g\u00f6steriyor.<\/p>\n

1938\u2019e gelindi\u011finde Dersim\u2019de H\u0131ristiyan Ermenili\u011fin kurumsal olarak varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrebildi\u011fi tek yer Halvori K\u00f6y\u2019\u00fc ve Halvori Aziz Garabed Manast\u0131r\u0131yd\u0131. Yukar\u0131da s\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc etti\u011fimiz k\u00f6ylerde H\u0131ristiyan Ermeni halk ya\u015famas\u0131na ra\u011fmen oralarda kilise ve manast\u0131rlar y\u0131k\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ibadet merkezleri kalmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ama y\u0131lda birka\u00e7 kez Halvori Aziz Garabed Manast\u0131r\u0131\u2019ndan din g\u00f6revlileri bu k\u00f6ylere giderek, ya y\u0131k\u0131lm\u0131\u015f kilise kal\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131 aras\u0131nda veya evlerde ayinlerini yaparlard\u0131.<\/p>\n

H\u0131ristiyan Ermenilerinin ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 k\u00f6yler ve ibadet merkezleri 1937-38 katliam\u0131nda \u00f6zel hedef haline gelir. \u00d6zellikle onlar\u0131n inan\u00e7 ve e\u011fitim merkezleri olan kilise ve manast\u0131rlar\u0131n oldu\u011fu k\u00f6yler ve k\u00f6y\u00fcn halk\u0131 a\u011f\u0131r sald\u0131r\u0131lara u\u011frar. Halk katledilir, kilise ve manast\u0131rlar y\u0131k\u0131l\u0131r. Dersim katliam\u0131nda H\u0131ristiyan Ermenilerin ya\u015fad\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 anlayabilmek i\u00e7in Halvori Aziz Garabed Manast\u0131r\u2019\u0131n\u0131n ak\u0131betine ve ke\u015fi\u015f ailesinin ya\u015fad\u0131klar\u0131na bakman\u0131n yararl\u0131 olaca\u011f\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesindeyiz.<\/p>\n

Ke\u015fi\u015f Ailesi<\/b><\/p>\n

1915-16 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131 Dersim’e s\u0131\u011f\u0131nm\u0131\u015f ve belli g\u00f6zlemlerde bulunmu\u015f olan Xarpertli Levon L\u00fcleciyan, o d\u00f6nem Vank’a ait arazide Seyid R\u0131za’n\u0131n korumas\u0131yla bir ka\u00e7 Ermeni ailenin ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, zar zor Ermenice konu\u015ftuklar\u0131n\u0131, Vank’\u0131n ke\u015fi\u015finin ise okur-yazar olmay\u0131p kilise ayinlerini ezberinden y\u00fcr\u00fctt\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc belirtiyor. Ancak y\u0131lda bir defa \u00e7evreden ziyarete gelenler i\u00e7in kap\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ekliyor.<\/p>\n

Genel olarak Dersim Ermenileri, \u00f6zel olarak da Ke\u015fi\u015f ailesi, bu ailenin ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 Halvori ve Vank ( Vank Ermenice de Manast\u0131r anlam\u0131na gelir. Y\u00f6rede manast\u0131r\u0131n bulundu\u011fu k\u00f6y Vank ad\u0131n\u0131 alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r)\u00a0 k\u00f6yleri ve Aziz Garabed Manast\u0131r\u0131\u2019na \u00a0(Surp Garabed Vank\u2019\u0131: Kurulu\u015f tarihi bilinmemekle birlikte K. Hallacyan taraf\u0131ndan Ermenistan\u2019da H\u0131ristiyanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n ilan edilmesiyle beraber ilk kilise ve manast\u0131rlar aras\u0131nda say\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.\u00a0 Manast\u0131r\u2019a ismini veren Halvori k\u00f6y\u00fcn\u00fcn de \u00e7ok eski bir yerle\u015fim yeri oldu\u011fu belirtilmektedir.) dair 2010 y\u0131l\u0131ndan bu yana ara\u015ft\u0131rma yap\u0131yoruz. Buradaki amac\u0131m\u0131z Dersim H\u0131ristiyanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n tek kurumsal merkezi olarak 1938 katliam\u0131na kadar korunabilmi\u015f bu merkezin neden ve nas\u0131l tasfiye edildi\u011fini, burada ya\u015fayan halk\u0131n ak\u0131betinin ne oldu\u011funu bilinir k\u0131lmakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Dersimliler, Halvori Aziz Garabed Manast\u0131r\u0131\u2019n\u0131n y\u00f6neticisine \u201cke\u015fi\u015f\u201d o k\u00f6yde ya\u015fayan Ermenilere de \u201cke\u015fi\u015fin ailesi\u201d demektedirler. Katliamda Ke\u015fi\u015f ve geni\u015f ailesi katledilir, manast\u0131r bombalanarak y\u0131k\u0131l\u0131r ve manast\u0131r\u0131n de\u011ferli e\u015fyalar\u0131na el konulur. Devlet, el konulan e\u015fyalar\u0131, Dersim isyan lideri olarak lanse ettikleri Seyit R\u0131za aleyhine kullanmay\u0131 da ihmal etmez. Bu e\u015fyalar\u0131n Seyit R\u0131za\u2019n\u0131n \u00e7ad\u0131r\u0131nda ele ge\u00e7irilmi\u015f ve onun \u2018\u2019din hokkabaz\u0131\u2019\u2019 oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yleyerek d\u00f6nemin gazetelerinde te\u015fhir edilir.<\/p>\n

Birer kara propaganda i\u015flevi g\u00f6ren gazetelerde Vank\u2019dan bahsedilmezken Seyit R\u0131za\u2019n\u0131n yarg\u0131lanmas\u0131nda haz\u0131rlanan iddianamede hem e\u015fyalar\u0131n nereden elde edildi\u011fi itiraf edilir, hem de manast\u0131ra dair ger\u00e7ek niyet a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a ortaya konulur.<\/p>\n

\u00a0Seyit R\u0131za\u2019n\u0131n Sosan kalesine yak\u0131n Vank isminde bir k\u00f6y\u00fc vard\u0131r. Bu k\u00f6y\u00fcn m\u00fcstahkem kilisesinde alt taraf\u0131 g\u00fcm\u00fc\u015f savatl\u0131, \u00fcst taraf\u0131 alt\u0131n yald\u0131zl\u0131 tahminen iki kilo s\u0131kletinde bir ha\u00e7 vard\u0131r. Bu ha\u00e7\u0131n ortas\u0131nda muhaddep bir cam i\u00e7inde f\u0131nd\u0131k tanesi kadar bir nesne vard\u0131r. Bu nesne \u0130mam H\u00fcseyin\u2019in ba\u015fparma\u011f\u0131n\u0131n kemi\u011fidir. Dersimli \u00e7apulcu ba\u015f\u0131 s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131k\u00e7a bu ha\u00e7tan istiane i\u00e7in kiliseye girer, huzur ve hu\u015fu ile ha\u00e7\u0131 \u00f6per, hamlinde m\u00fc\u015fk\u00fclat \u00e7eken kad\u0131n, derdi devas\u0131z kalan hasta gene Vank\u2019a gider, papaza yalvar\u0131r ve ha\u00e7\u0131 \u00f6per. Seyit R\u0131za bile hastaland\u0131k\u00e7a bu kiliseyi ziyaret etmi\u015ftir. Bir k\u00f6y papaz\u0131 kim bilir ne vakitten beri b\u00fct\u00fcn Dersim\u2019e b\u00f6ylece ha\u00e7a tapmay\u0131 \u00f6\u011fretmeye u\u011fra\u015f\u0131yordu.\u201d<\/i> (7 Ekim 1937, Ulus Gazetesi)<\/b><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0Manast\u0131r ve e\u015fyalar\u0131n\u0131n ak\u0131beti hakk\u0131nda bu k\u0131sa de\u011finiden sonra Ke\u015fi\u015f ailesinin ak\u0131beti hakk\u0131nda yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z ara\u015ft\u0131rmay\u0131 payla\u015fmak isteriz. Ke\u015fi\u015f ailesinin katliamdan kurtulmu\u015f \u00fcyelerini bulmak ve ula\u015fmak hi\u00e7 kolay olmad\u0131. Zira bu insanlar yurtlar\u0131ndan s\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f,\u00a0 k\u00f6kleri, tarihleri, inan\u00e7lar\u0131yla ba\u011flar\u0131 kopar\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ve \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011funun ger\u00e7ek kimlikleri de\u011fi\u015ftirilmi\u015fti. Uzun ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar sonras\u0131 ailenin baz\u0131 \u00fcyelerine ula\u015fabildik. Ancak ya\u015fananlar\u0131n birinci derecede tan\u0131klar\u0131yla ileti\u015fim kurmak ve bunlardan baz\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n anlat\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131 kay\u0131t alt\u0131na almak olarak m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olamad\u0131. Zira korkuyorlard\u0131 ve bu nedenle de konu\u015fmak istemiyorlard\u0131\u2026 Birinci ve ikinci derece tan\u0131k anlat\u0131mlar\u0131yla ara\u015ft\u0131rmam\u0131z\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrd\u00fck.<\/p>\n

Gerek birinci derece, gerek ikinci derece tan\u0131klar\u0131n anlat\u0131mlar\u0131nda \u201cbiz ke\u015fi\u015fin torunlar\u0131y\u0131z\u201d ve \u201ck\u0131rk ka\u015f\u0131km\u0131\u015f\u0131z\u201d tan\u0131mlamas\u0131 \u00f6nemli ortak yanlar\u0131yd\u0131. \u201cKe\u015fi\u015f torunu\u201d tan\u0131mlamas\u0131 H\u0131ristiyan Ermeni kimli\u011fiyle ili\u015fkisinin, \u2018\u2019k\u0131rk ka\u015f\u0131k\u2019\u2019 tan\u0131mlamas\u0131 da ortak \u00fcreten ve ortak t\u00fcketen b\u00fcy\u00fck bir aile oldu\u011funun ifadesiydi. O d\u00f6nem her ne kadar ailenin \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011fu ve dini temsilcileri Vank\u2019da ya\u015fasa da, Halvori, Z\u0131mek, Torut gibi ba\u015fka k\u00f6ylerde de ailenin \u00fcyelerinin oldu\u011funu \u00f6\u011frendik.<\/p>\n

Tan\u0131klar Vank K\u00f6y\u00fc ve Aziz Garabed Manast\u0131r\u0131 hakk\u0131nda de\u011fi\u015fik ve s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 bilgilere sahipler. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla katliam \u00f6ncesi Vank K\u00f6y\u00fcn\u00fcn ve Ke\u015fi\u015f ailesinin n\u00fcfusunu tespit etmek m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmad\u0131. Katledilenlerin kesin say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 da bilmiyoruz.\u00a0 Ancak kurtulanlardan T\u00fcrkle\u015ftirilmek ve M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmak \u00fczere s\u00fcrg\u00fcne g\u00f6nderilenleri esas olarak tespit etti\u011fimizi s\u00f6yleyebiliriz.<\/p>\n

Ke\u015fi\u015f ailesinden buldu\u011fumuz ilk ki\u015fi, \u201cDersim\u2019in Kay\u0131p Ermeni k\u0131z\u0131\u2019\u2019 Asl\u0131han Kiremit\u00e7iyan (Fatma Yavuz) oldu. Asl\u0131han birinci derece bir tan\u0131kt\u0131. Onu Isparta\u2019n\u0131n \u015eark\u00eekaraa\u011fa\u00e7 il\u00e7esinde bulduk. Uzun ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar sonras\u0131 ailenin di\u011fer \u00fcyelerine ula\u015ft\u0131k.<\/p>\n

Ke\u015fi\u015f ailesinden tespit ettiklerimiz:\u00a0 Agop Kiremit\u00e7iyan, o\u011flu ve k\u0131zlar\u0131 Asl\u0131han (5-6) ile Ziverta (7-8 ) katliamdan kurtulur. Agop, o\u011flu ve k\u0131z\u0131 Z\u0131verta Bolu\u2019ya, k\u0131z\u0131 Asl\u0131han ise Konya\u2019ya s\u00fcrg\u00fcne g\u00f6nderilir. Asl\u0131han\u2019\u0131n halas\u0131 T\u0131\u011fso biri yaral\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7 \u00e7ocu\u011fu (Mi\u015fan, Abkar ve Murat) ile katliamdan kurtulur. T\u0131\u011fso, \u00fc\u00e7 \u00e7ocu\u011fu ve Agop\u2019un k\u0131z\u0131 Asl\u0131han\u2019la birlikte Konya\u2019ya s\u00fcrg\u00fcne g\u00f6nderilir. Garo\u2019nun k\u0131zlar\u0131 K\u00fchet (7-8), Sultan (9-10) ve ye\u011feni Varte (11-12) isminde \u00fc\u00e7 k\u0131z kurtulur. Agop\u2019la birlikte Bolu\u2019ya s\u00fcrg\u00fcne g\u00f6nderilir. Ayr\u0131ca \u00a0Varte isminde bir kad\u0131n kurtulur. Dersim k\u00f6ylerinde saklan\u0131r s\u00fcrg\u00fcne g\u00f6nderilemez. Toros Vartabetyan (1923 do\u011fumlu) katliamdan kurtulur. Denizli\u2019ye s\u00fcrg\u00fcne g\u00f6nderilir.<\/p>\n

Bolu\u2019ya s\u00fcrg\u00fcn edilen Agop ve o\u011flu bir s\u00fcre sonra Mengen\u2019de ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131 yitirirler. Agop\u2019un k\u0131zlar\u0131ndan Ziverta\u2019ya \u201cElif\u201d ad\u0131 verilir. Z\u0131verta kendileri gibi s\u00fcrg\u00fcn Dersim Mazgirtli bir Aleviyle evlendirilir.\u00a0 1947\u2019de Dersim s\u00fcrg\u00fcnlerine af \u00e7\u0131k\u0131nca e\u015fiyle birlikte Dersim\u2019e d\u00f6ner. Ermeni kimli\u011fini hi\u00e7 gizlemez. Ancak Alevi inanc\u0131na g\u00f6re ya\u015far. Ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131 yitirmi\u015f olan Z\u0131verta\u2019n\u0131n durumunu o\u011flu Ali Kaya \u015f\u00f6yle anlat\u0131yor;<\/p>\n

\u201cAnnem Ermeni olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen tamamen Alevi olmu\u015ftu. En koyu Alevi\u2019den daha aleviydi. Teyzem (Asl\u0131han) ise S\u00fcnni olmu\u015ftu. Teyzem namaz\u0131n\u0131 k\u0131lan, orucunu tutan S\u00fcnni M\u00fcsl\u00fcman, annem X\u0131z\u0131r Orcu\u2019nu, On \u0130ki \u0130mam Orucu\u2019nu tutan ve ziyaretlere giden bir Alevi\u2026 Bilmem ki ne demeli bu duruma?<\/i>\u201d (Dersim\u2019in Kay\u0131p K\u0131zlar\u0131-Tertele \u00c7eneku, Nazahat G\u00fcndo\u011fan, Kaz\u0131m G\u00fcndo\u011fan)<\/b><\/p>\n

Konya\u2019ya s\u00fcrg\u00fcn edilen Agop\u2019un di\u011fer k\u0131z\u0131 Asl\u0131han\u2019\u0131n ad\u0131n\u0131 \u00a0\u201cFatma\u201d yapt\u0131klar\u0131nda 5-6 ya\u015flar\u0131nda, kelime-i \u015fahadet getirtilip M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131larak evlendirildi\u011finde de sadece 13 ya\u015f\u0131ndayd\u0131…\u00a0<\/p>\n

Asl\u0131han Kiremit\u00e7iyan\u2019dan aktaral\u0131m: \u201cK\u00f6yde b\u00fcy\u00fck bir ceviz, etraf\u0131nda yine ceviz a\u011fa\u00e7lar\u0131 vard\u0131. Bir tabur adam ge\u00e7irdiler. Arkas\u0131nda b\u00fct\u00fcn silahl\u0131 insanlar. (\u2026) Hepsini g\u00f6t\u00fcrd\u00fcler orada s\u0131ralad\u0131lar. Tak\u0131r tak\u0131r vurdular ittiler, vurdular ittiler, vurdular ittiler. (\u2026) Milleti \u00f6ld\u00fcrmeye ba\u015flay\u0131nca tek ba\u015f\u0131na bir adam da\u011fdan indi geldi.\u00a0 Ermi\u015f ekin var, ermi\u015f ekinin i\u00e7ine beni ald\u0131 soktu, \u00fcst\u00fcm\u00fc \u00f6rtt\u00fc \u2018sus\u2019 diye. B\u00f6yle kurtuldum. Ondan sonra beni k\u00f6ye getiren mi oldu, nas\u0131l gitmi\u015fim ona akl\u0131m ermiyor. (\u2026) Halam al\u0131p g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcyor ma\u011faralara,\u00a0 ka\u00e7\u0131yoruz ya\u2026 (\u2026) Ondan sonra ma\u011faralardan alm\u0131\u015flar T\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye da\u011f\u0131tm\u0131\u015flar. Bunlar\u0131 hat\u0131rl\u0131yorum.\u201d <\/i><\/p>\n

\u201cBey\u015fehir\u2019de beni \u00f6nce bir albaya verdiler. Onun tayini \u00e7\u0131k\u0131nca n\u00fcfus m\u00fcd\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn yan\u0131na verildim.\u00a0 Beni besleme olarak yanlar\u0131na alan \u201cailem\u201d beni \u00e7ok d\u00f6verdi. Odunla yedi\u011fim dayak y\u00fcz\u00fcnden parmaklar\u0131m k\u0131r\u0131kt\u0131r. Hi\u00e7 bir doktora g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fclmedim. N\u00fcfus m\u00fcd\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn evinde g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm i\u015fkenceler y\u00fcz\u00fcnden evden ka\u00e7t\u0131m. Daha sonra ba\u015fka bir aile beni yan\u0131na ald\u0131. Orada da \u00e7ok i\u015fkenceye maruz kald\u0131m. 35 ya\u015f\u0131n da olan birisi ile beni evlendirdiler. Evlendirmeden \u00f6nce kelime-i \u015fahadet getirtip beni M\u00fcsl\u00fcman yapt\u0131lar. A\u00e7 susuz, i\u015fkence dolu bir ya\u015fant\u0131m oldu. Her \u015feyden \u00f6nce \u00e7ocuktum… Evsiz, sahipsiz, kimsesiz ve i\u015fsizdim. Sokaklarda kald\u0131m. \u00c7ocuklar\u0131m\u0131 bu \u015fartlarla b\u00fcy\u00fctt\u00fcm. <\/i><\/p>\n

\u00a0Ermenili\u011fimi tam olmasa da biliyordum ama gizledim. \u00c7ocuklar\u0131m 1995 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u00f6\u011frendiler. Aileme ula\u015fmak i\u00e7in \u00e7ok ara\u015ft\u0131rma yapt\u0131k. Hi\u00e7 bir sonu\u00e7 alamad\u0131m. K\u0131z\u0131m 2010 y\u0131l\u0131 soy a\u011fac\u0131m\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kartt\u0131. \u0130\u015fte orada ad\u0131m ve soyad\u0131m\u0131n de\u011fi\u015ftirildi\u011fini \u00f6\u011frendim. Kimlikte ad\u0131m Fatma, k\u0131zl\u0131k soyad\u0131m Kiremit\u00e7i idi. Ad\u0131m\u0131n Asl\u0131han, soyad\u0131m\u0131n Kiremit\u00e7iyan oldu\u011funu, nerede do\u011fdu\u011fumu ve hangi k\u00f6yden oldu\u011fumu \u00f6\u011frendim.\u00a0 Sonra ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131p ablam\u0131n <\/i>(Ziverta-Elif) \u00e7ocuklar\u0131 ve halam\u0131n <\/i>(T\u0131\u011fso) \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n\u0131 bulduk. Ailemin ge\u00e7mi\u015fi hakk\u0131nda bilgi sahibi oldum\u2026 <\/i><\/p>\n

Babam devletine ba\u011fl\u0131 bir Ermeni vatanda\u015fm\u0131\u015f\u2026 Halvori Vank\u2019da ke\u015fi\u015fmi\u015f. (<\/i>Tan\u0131klar\u0131n hemen hepsi kendilerini \u201cke\u015fi\u015f torunu\u201d bildikleri i\u00e7in dedelerini veya babalar\u0131n\u0131 da ke\u015fi\u015f sanmaktad\u0131rlar. 1938 katliam\u0131 d\u00f6neminde manast\u0131r\u2019\u0131n ke\u015fi\u015finin T\u0131\u011fso\u2019nun e\u015fi, Ali\u015fan, Abkar ve M.nin babas\u0131 Ma\u011far oldu\u011funu \u00e7ok sonralar\u0131 tespit edebildik. Ayn\u0131 bi\u00e7imde T\u0131\u011fso\u2019ya da herkes yayam-nenem, halam demektedir-bn.) Olduk\u00e7a varl\u0131kl\u0131 biriymi\u015f. Babam\u0131n da Bolu Mengen\u2019e s\u00fcrg\u00fcn edildi\u011fini ve orada \u00f6ld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc \u00f6\u011frendim.\u201d<\/i> (Dersim\u2019in Kay\u0131p K\u0131zlar\u0131-Tertele \u00c7eneku, Nazahat G\u00fcndo\u011fan, Kaz\u0131m G\u00fcndo\u011fan)<\/b><\/p>\n

Konya\u2019ya s\u00fcrg\u00fcne g\u00f6nderilen Asl\u0131han\u2019\u0131n halas\u0131 T\u0131\u011fso ve \u00fc\u00e7 \u00e7ocu\u011funun (Mi\u015fan, Abkar ve M.) \u00a0hik\u00e2yesi T\u00fcrkle\u015ftirme ve M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanla\u015ft\u0131rma politikas\u0131n\u0131n nas\u0131l uyguland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 anlatan \u00e7arp\u0131c\u0131 bir \u00f6rnektir. \u00c7ocuklar\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fc\u011f\u00fc Mi\u015fan o zaman 12 ya\u015flar\u0131ndad\u0131r. Katliamda \u00f6l\u00fclerin alt\u0131nda, v\u00fccudunda onlarca s\u00fcng\u00fc yaras\u0131yla kurtulur.\u00a0 Askeri harek\u00e2t bitince ormanda, ma\u011farada saklananlar toplan\u0131p s\u00fcrg\u00fcne g\u00f6nderilir. Onlar Konya\u2019n\u0131n Bey\u015fehir il\u00e7esine g\u00f6nderilirler. Ermeni kimlikleri bilindi\u011fi i\u00e7in kay\u0131t edildikleri yerde ilkin isimleri de\u011fi\u015ftirilir. Ermeni T\u0131\u011fso, \u201cFatma\u201d olur. Mi\u015fan\u2019a \u201cAli\u015fan\u201d, Abkar\u2019a\u00a0 A., M.\u2019a M. adlar\u0131 verilir. \u00c7ocuklar zorla s\u00fcnnet edilirler. M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lan \u00fc\u00e7 karde\u015f, evde annelerinden \u00f6\u011frendikleri H\u0131ristiyan inanc\u0131yla b\u00fcy\u00fcrler. 1947\u2019de \u00e7\u0131kan \u201cgeriye d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f aff\u0131\u201dnda Dersim\u2019e d\u00f6nmezler\/ d\u00f6nemezler. Konya\u2019n\u0131n \u2026 il\u00e7esine yerle\u015firler. Orada Dersimli Alevi K\u00fcrtler yo\u011fun oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in onlara tabi olmay\u0131 tercih ederler. Herkes onlar\u0131 Alevi K\u00fcrt olarak bilir. Ancak onlar, camiye gitmeyi, namaz k\u0131lmay\u0131, oru\u00e7 tutmay\u0131 kendileri i\u00e7in \u201cya\u015fam g\u00fcvencesi\u201d g\u00f6r\u00fcrler. Ermenili\u011fini gizlemek ve edindikleri Alevi K\u00fcrt stat\u00fcs\u00fc onlar\u0131 k\u0131smen rahatlatm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ancak Alevi K\u00fcrt kimli\u011fiyle de orada rahat de\u011fildirler. M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanl\u0131k onlar\u0131n ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131 rahatlatacak tek kimliktir.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Ali\u015fan, sonraki y\u0131llarda \u0130stanbul\u2019a yerle\u015fir. Ermeni kimli\u011fini bilerek Alevi inanc\u0131yla ya\u015famaktad\u0131r. T\u00fcm \u00e7abalar\u0131m\u0131za ra\u011fmen bizimle g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcp ya\u015fad\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 anlatmak istemedi. Onun ya\u015fad\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7ok az bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131, yurt d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda ya\u015fayan, T\u00fcrk ad\u0131n\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirip Abkar ad\u0131n\u0131 alan o\u011flu anlatt\u0131. Sadece babas\u0131n\u0131n de\u011fil, annesinin de benzer bir vah\u015fet ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 yine ondan \u00f6\u011freniyoruz; \u201cBabam korkuyor, \u00e7ok korkuyor. Babam bize anlat\u0131rd\u0131, B\u00fcy\u00fck dedemin ad\u0131 Andon\u2019mu\u015f, Babam\u0131n babas\u0131 da Ma\u011far\u2026 Biz ke\u015fi\u015fin torunlar\u0131y\u0131z. Fakat 1938\u2019de hepsi katledilmi\u015f. Babam da annem de yaral\u0131 kurtulmu\u015flar. Babam\u0131n s\u0131rt\u0131nda, annemin kafas\u0131nda hala s\u00fcng\u00fc izleri var. Yayamla (Babaannemle) s\u00fcrg\u00fcne g\u00f6nderildikleri Konya\u2019da neler ya\u015fad\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6\u011frendiniz. Nas\u0131l korkmas\u0131nlar, nas\u0131l korkmayal\u0131m?\u00a0 Buna ra\u011fmen babam\u0131n konu\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131, size ger\u00e7ekleri anlatmas\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7ok \u00e7ok isterim, ama zorlayamam\u2026\u201d<\/i>\u00a0 (G\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fme: Abkar Kiremit\u00e7iyan, Kaz\u0131m G\u00fcndo\u011fan, \u0130stanbul-Londra 2012)<\/b><\/p>\n

Di\u011fer karde\u015f Abkar evlenerek Bolu\u2019ya yerle\u015fir. Bolu\u2019da M\u00fcsl\u00fcman olarak ya\u015famaktad\u0131r. 2012 y\u0131l\u0131nda onunla \u0130stanbul\u2019da g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm\u00fczde Ramazan Oru\u00e7\u2019u tutuyordu. Aile i\u00e7inde Ermenili\u011fini ret etmese de, d\u0131\u015far\u0131ya kar\u015f\u0131 bunu gizlemek i\u00e7in a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 titiz davrand\u0131\u011f\u0131na tan\u0131k olduk. Bize kendisinin, annesinin ve karde\u015flerinin hayat hik\u00e2yesini anlatmas\u0131n\u0131 istedi\u011fimizde; \u201cBenden bunu istemeyin. \u00a0Bolu gibi bir yerde nas\u0131l ya\u015far\u0131m o zaman? Ailem, d\u00fczenim var. B\u00fct\u00fcn her \u015feyimi elimden al\u0131rlar. Ayr\u0131ca ya\u015fand\u0131 gitti onlar, yenisini ya\u015famak istemiyorum\u2026 \u2018\u2019 <\/i>diyerek t\u00fcm kap\u0131lar\u0131 kapatt\u0131. Onunda, yurt d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda ya\u015fayan ve T\u00fcrk ad\u0131n\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirerek Sarkis ad\u0131n\u0131 alan o\u011flu, \u201cBana kal\u0131rsa her \u015feyi anlats\u0131nlar. Ama korkuyorlar ne yapay\u0131m. Bolu\u2019dan ayr\u0131l\u0131rsak o zaman her \u015feyi anlat\u0131r babam ama \u015fimdi anlatmaz, anlatamaz anl\u0131yor musun<\/i>\u201d\u00a0 diyerek ya\u015fanan korkunun boyutuna dikkat \u00e7ekti.<\/p>\n

En k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck karde\u015f M. \u0130se, 1970\u2019lerde yurt d\u0131\u015f\u0131na gider ve oraya yerle\u015fir. Orada \u00e7ocuklar\u0131 ve kendisi yeniden H\u0131ristiyan olur. 2013 y\u0131l\u0131nda Paris\u2019teki evinde ziyaret etti\u011fimizde son derece s\u0131cak kar\u015f\u0131lad\u0131. Sohbetimizde annesi, babas\u0131, ke\u015fi\u015f dedesinden bahsetti;<\/p>\n

\u201cBabam \u201938 katliam\u0131 zaman\u0131nda 50 ya\u015flar\u0131ndaym\u0131\u015f, b\u00fct\u00fcn ke\u015fi\u015f ailesi \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcyor Babam\u0131n ad\u0131 Ma\u011far, Dedem Andon\u2026 Ke\u015fi\u015f benim babam. 1915\u2019de bizim ailemize bir \u015fey olmam\u0131\u015f. Dedemler o zaman Amerika\u2019ya gidip geliyorlarm\u0131\u015f. Annemin ad\u0131 T\u0131\u011fso. Konya\u2019y\u0131 anlatamam\u2026 <\/i><\/p>\n

1982 y\u0131l\u0131nda manast\u0131r\u0131, do\u011fdu\u011fum topraklar\u0131 g\u00f6rmek i\u00e7in annemle birlikte Dersim\u2019e Vank\u2019a gidip kurban kestim. Bir operasyon yap\u0131ld\u0131, oradan apar topar ayr\u0131lmak zorunda kald\u0131k. Kurban\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 bile yapamad\u0131k. Nas\u0131l hak arayal\u0131m, nas\u0131l sahip \u00e7\u0131kal\u0131m oralara? Biliyor musun annem Vank demezdi oraya. \u2018Vanu\u015f, Vanu\u015f\u2019 derdi, \u00f6lene kadar \u2018Vanu\u015f\u2019 dedi. Annem Konya\u2019da bir Alevi gibi ya\u015f\u0131yordu, Alevilerle i\u00e7 i\u00e7e ya\u015f\u0131yorduk; pirlerimiz gelirdi ve gerekli ibadet, hizmet yap\u0131l\u0131rd\u0131. Ama Ermenili\u011fimizi hi\u00e7 unutturmad\u0131. Ermenice biliyordu. Annemi yitireli \u00e7ok olmad\u0131\u2026 O olsayd\u0131 size neler anlat\u0131rd\u0131…<\/i>\u2019\u2019<\/p>\n

M. pek \u00e7ok \u015fey konu\u015fmak istiyordu; dedesinin Ba\u011fdat\u2019a gidi\u015fini, Hazreti H\u00fcseyin\u2019in parma\u011f\u0131n\u0131n hik\u00e2yesini, Seyit R\u0131za ile babas\u0131n\u0131n dostlu\u011funu, 1915 k\u0131r\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 ve daha ba\u015fka konular\u0131…\u00a0\u00a0 Ancak b\u00fcy\u00fck o\u011flu engelledi; \u201cKonu\u015fursan ne seni, ne bizi, hi\u00e7 birimizi T\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye sokmazlar. Ayr\u0131ca memleketteki b\u00fct\u00fcn mal varl\u0131\u011f\u0131na el koyarlar.<\/i>\u201d Bu uyar\u0131dan sonra M. geri \u00e7ekildi, \u201cSana s\u00f6z veriyorum, memleketteki m\u00fclklerimizi satal\u0131m, t\u00fcm ayr\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131yla konu\u015faca\u011f\u0131m. B\u0131rak konu\u015fmay\u0131 hayk\u0131raca\u011f\u0131m. Sen de istedi\u011fin televizyonda, gazetede yay\u0131nla, d\u00fcnya duysun\u2026<\/i>\u201d dedi. Devam\u0131nda, \u201cKorkuyoruz, korkuyorum. Bak Paris\u2019te bile evin kap\u0131s\u0131na ger\u00e7ek ad\u0131m\u0131 yazmad\u0131m, biliyor musun? Korkudan insan ka\u00e7acak yer ar\u0131yor.\u201d <\/i>(G\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fme, Kaz\u0131m G\u00fcndo\u011fan, Paris 2013)<\/b><\/p>\n

Korku\u2026 Ya\u015fad\u0131klar\u0131 katliam\u0131n, k\u00f6ks\u00fczl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn, \u00f6ks\u00fczl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn, a\u00e7l\u0131\u011f\u0131n, s\u00fcrg\u00fcn\u00fcn, bask\u0131n\u0131n toplam\u0131 olarak boyunlar\u0131nda bir pranga gibi her zaman, her yerde onlar\u0131 hi\u00e7 b\u0131rakm\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

Garo\u2019ya, bir aya\u011f\u0131 sakat olmas\u0131 nedeniyle Garo Leng (Topal Garo) denilirmi\u015f.\u00a0 Garo da ailesiyle birlikte \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcr. Tesad\u00fcf eseri iki k\u0131z\u0131 ve bir ye\u011feni kurtulur. K\u00fchet, Sultan ve Varte\u2026 K\u0131zlar Bolu\u2019ya s\u00fcrg\u00fcne g\u00f6nderilir. Orada Agop\u2019un yan\u0131nda b\u00fcy\u00fcrler. Baz\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n isimleri de\u011fi\u015ftirilir. K\u00fchet \u201cEmine\u201d olur. Sultan\u2019\u0131n isimi problem olmaz. Varte\u2019nin ismi konusunu \u00f6\u011frenemedik. Bolu\u2019nun Mengen il\u00e7esinde kendileri gibi s\u00fcrg\u00fcn Dersim K\u0131z\u0131lba\u015flar\u0131 ve Bolu\u2019nun T\u00fcrk M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131yla i\u00e7 i\u00e7e ya\u015famaktad\u0131rlar\u2026 K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck k\u0131zlar b\u00fcy\u00fcy\u00fcp gen\u00e7 k\u0131z olduklar\u0131nda, b\u00fcy\u00fckleri, k\u0131zlar\u0131n T\u00fcrk M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlarla evlenebilecekleri korkusu al\u0131r… Dersim katliam\u0131 \u00f6ncesi bir arada ya\u015fayan K\u0131z\u0131lba\u015flar ve Ermeniler birbirlerinin inan\u00e7lar\u0131na, ya\u015famlar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 sayg\u0131l\u0131 davrand\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 her iki toplumun anlat\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n ortak vurgusu. Bir ba\u015fka ortak vurgu, inan\u00e7 gruplar\u0131 aras\u0131 evlilikler olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131d\u0131r. Aksi davran\u0131\u015flara kar\u015f\u0131 her iki taraf\u0131n son derece kat\u0131 yakla\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131 vard\u0131r. Ancak s\u00fcrg\u00fcn ko\u015fullar\u0131nda Ermeniler eski kat\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncelerinden vazge\u00e7erler. K\u0131z\u0131lba\u015flar a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan da bu konu fazla sorun olmaz. Bu nedenle K\u00fchet, Sultan ve Varte Bolu\u2019da Dersimli K\u0131z\u0131lba\u015flarla evlendirilir. Af \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131ktan sonra \u00fc\u00e7\u00fc de Dersim\u2019e e\u015flerinin k\u00f6ylerine gider ve orada Alevi inanc\u0131na g\u00f6re ya\u015famlar\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fcrler.<\/p>\n

Sultan\u2019\u0131n Ermenice bir ad\u0131 var m\u0131yd\u0131 bilmiyoruz ama \u201cBen hep Sultan\u2019d\u0131m\u201d <\/i>diyor. K\u00fchet\u2019in k\u0131z\u0131 Cevahir; \u201cAnnem \u00e7ok h\u00fcz\u00fcnl\u00fc ve mutsuzdu. Ermeni oldu\u011funu herkes bilirdi. Ama o Ermenili\u011fi bilmezdi. Kimsesiz ve sahipsizdi. D\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcn ki teyzem Sultan, teyzem Varte de Dersim\u2019de ya\u015f\u0131yorlarm\u0131\u015f. Ama onlar\u0131 bile g\u00f6remedi, g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015femedi. Kimsesiz olmasa b\u00f6yle mi olurdu?\u00a0 Toros (K\u00fchet\u2019in day\u0131s\u0131) day\u0131m aray\u0131p annemi bulmu\u015ftu. Konya\u2019dan gelip annemi yan\u0131na g\u00f6t\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. O zaman \u00e7ok mutlu olmu\u015ftu\u2026<\/i>\u2019\u2019 (G\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fme; Cevahir Ak, Nezahat-Kaz\u0131m G\u00fcndo\u011fan, Dersim 2012)<\/b><\/p>\n

K\u00fchet\u2019in torunu Ahmet ise; \u201cKahrediyorum, \u00e7ok ge\u00e7 kald\u0131k. Nas\u0131l fark\u0131na varmad\u0131k bu durumun. Bolu\u2019dan Dersim\u2019e geldikten sonra bir daha birbirini g\u00f6remiyorlar. K\u0131z karde\u015fi ile bulu\u015fturamadan nenem \u00f6ld\u00fc gitti. \u015eimdi Sultan teyzemle g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcyorum. Ben bir Aleviyim, nenemin Ermeni olmas\u0131ndan gurur duyuyorum ama ke\u015fke ona kar\u015f\u0131 g\u00f6revimizi yapabilseydik\u2026\u201d <\/i>(G\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fme; Ahmet Ak, Nezahat-Kaz\u0131m G\u00fcndo\u011fan, Dersim 2012)<\/b><\/p>\n

Dersimli bir Alevi dedesiyle evleniyor. Dersim\u2019e d\u00f6n\u00fcp bir Alevi olarak ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fcyor. Ermeni oldu\u011funu biliyor, ancak kimli\u011finin fark\u0131nda olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen \u00f6n planda de\u011fil. 85\u2019li ya\u015flarda olan Sultan 38 s\u00fcrg\u00fcn\u00fcnden sonra 1994\u2019de tekrar ya\u015fad\u0131klar\u0131 s\u00fcrg\u00fcn nedeniyle Elaz\u0131\u011f\u2019da iki k\u0131z\u0131yla birlikte ya\u015f\u0131yor\u2026<\/p>\n

Sultan\u2019la g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmemiz Ke\u015fi\u015f ailesi ve manast\u0131r hakk\u0131nda son derece kapsaml\u0131 bilgilere ula\u015fmam\u0131z\u0131 sa\u011flad\u0131. Vank K\u00f6y\u00fc, k\u00f6ydeki Ermeni ve K\u0131rmanc n\u00fcfusu, ili\u015fkileri, ke\u015fi\u015f ailesinin ekonomik ve sosyal ya\u015fam\u0131 hakk\u0131nda \u00e7ok \u015fey \u00f6\u011frendik. Katliam s\u00fcrecini do\u011frudan ya\u015fayan, hat\u0131rlayan ve g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir anlat\u0131mla aktaran son derece \u00f6nemli bir tan\u0131k\u2026 Sadece ailesi de\u011fil, t\u00fcm ke\u015fi\u015f ailesi ve k\u00f6yde ya\u015fayan K\u0131rmanclar hakk\u0131nda da \u00f6nemli bilgiler aktard\u0131. Ermeni ailesinin tarihi, k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fc ve inanc\u0131n\u0131n yok edilmesine Sultan\u2019\u0131n \u00f6fkesi hala \u00e7ok taze\u2026<\/p>\n

Sultan Demir: \u00a0\u201cBiz k\u00f6yde, a\u015fa\u011f\u0131da tarladayd\u0131k.<\/b> Arpa bi\u00e7mi\u015f, harman yap\u0131yorduk. Asker b\u00fct\u00fcn erkekleri toplam\u0131\u015f al\u0131p \u00e7ay\u0131n (Munzur \u00e7ay\u0131-bn) k\u0131y\u0131s\u0131na g\u00f6t\u00fcrd\u00fc. Karde\u015fim de i\u00e7lerinde. Hepsini katlettiler. Cesetlerin hepsini suya att\u0131lar. A\u015fa\u011f\u0131dan gelen askerler bizi al\u0131p k\u00f6ye g\u00f6t\u00fcrd\u00fcler, ifadelerimizi ald\u0131lar. Bu seferde bizi g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcp katledecekler. Bizi, b\u00f6yle bir yoku\u015f var, oraya do\u011fru g\u00f6t\u00fcrd\u00fcler. Oras\u0131 \u015f\u00f6yle u\u00e7urum acayip bir yer. Bakt\u0131k kad\u0131nlar\u0131n hepsini orada katletmi\u015fler. O kadar \u00e7ok kad\u0131n cesedi vard\u0131 ki… O cesetlerin aras\u0131nda \u00e7ocuklar vard\u0131. Art\u0131k erkek mi k\u0131z \u00e7ocu\u011fu mu bilmiyorum o cesetlerin aras\u0131nda a\u011fl\u0131yorlar. A, derken bizi de tarad\u0131lar… Ben \u00f6yle a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 do\u011fru ka\u00e7t\u0131m gittim. Benim yan\u0131mda bir k\u0131z kurtuldu. Bakt\u0131m halam(T\u0131\u011fso) ta\u015f\u0131n dibinde saklanm\u0131\u015f, \u00fc\u00e7 tane o\u011flu yan\u0131nda. Halam a\u011flad\u0131, \u2018sen nereden geldin? Bu a\u015fa\u011f\u0131dan su ge\u00e7iyor. Su kanl\u0131 ak\u0131yor. \u00dcst\u00fc hep ceset dolu\u201d dedi. Ben, \u201cHala bizimkileri hep \u00f6ld\u00fcrd\u00fcler suya att\u0131lar. Bunlar onlard\u0131r\u201d dedim.<\/i><\/p>\n

1938\u2019de ben on ya\u015f\u0131ndayd\u0131m. (\u2026) Vanke Karabas derlerdi bizim k\u00f6ye. Kilisesi vard\u0131. G\u00fczel evlerimiz vard\u0131. O kilisenin \u00e7ok de\u011ferli mallar\u0131 vard\u0131. Onlar\u0131 g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcp evlerin alt\u0131na, yerin alt\u0131na saklad\u0131lar. \u015eik\u00e2yet \u00fczerine day\u0131m\u0131 (ke\u015fi\u015f ailesinin kurtulan t\u00fcm bireyleri Toros\u2019a day\u0131m\u0131z derler\u2013bn) Elaz\u0131\u011f\u2019dan atlarla al\u0131p g\u00f6t\u00fcrd\u00fcler, o de\u011ferli e\u015fyalar\u0131n hepsini \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131p el koydular. Day\u0131mlar, kilisenin sahipleriydi. Evleri kilisedeydi. Bizim evler de biraz \u00f6te tarafta iki katl\u0131yd\u0131. <\/i><\/p>\n

\u0130nsanlar \u00e7oktu. Yirmi otuz hane ev vard\u0131. K\u0131rman\u00e7lar\u0131n (Alevilerin) evleri ayr\u0131yd\u0131, Ermenilerin ayr\u0131yd\u0131. Ermeniler daha fazlayd\u0131. K\u0131rman\u00e7lar\u0131n evleri yukar\u0131da kal\u0131yordu. Bizim evler a\u015fa\u011f\u0131da kiliseye yak\u0131nd\u0131.<\/i><\/p>\n

O kilise \u015f\u00f6yle y\u00fcksek\u00e7e, b\u00fcy\u00fck ve g\u00fczeldi. Pencereleri de bu camlar gibi de\u011fildi, b\u00fcy\u00fck ve yuvarlakt\u0131. Duvarlar\u0131ndaki ta\u015flar \u00e7ok g\u00fczeldi, duvarlar\u0131 bamba\u015fkayd\u0131. Dersin hususi yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. \u0130\u00e7i b\u00f6yle \u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131 ve g\u00fczeldi. De\u011ferli e\u015fyalar vard\u0131. Hep b\u00f6yle parl\u0131yordu. K\u0131yam\u0131yordun ki bakas\u0131n. <\/i><\/p>\n

K\u0131rman\u00e7lar kiliseye gelmiyorlard\u0131. Neden gelsinler? Onlar Aleviydi. Biz Ermeni. Biz kurbanlar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 kesip g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcp K\u0131rman\u00e7lara veriyorduk. Onlarda bize getiriyordu. Kom\u015fuyduk. Ama K\u0131rman\u00e7lar ile Ermeniler birbirleriyle katiyen evlenmezlerdi. Herkes kendi i\u00e7inden\u2026<\/b><\/i><\/p>\n

K\u0131rman\u00e7lar\u0131n her \u015feyi (adetleri, inan\u00e7lar\u0131 \u2013bn)\u00a0 yine yerinde duruyor. Bozulmad\u0131. Onlar d\u00f6nmedi, de\u011fi\u015fmedi. Bizim ne adetlerimiz, t\u00f6relerimiz, ne inanc\u0131m\u0131z; arkada hi\u00e7 bir \u015fey kalmam\u0131\u015f.\u00a0 Devlet bizimkileri alt \u00fcst etmi\u015f. K\u00e2fir, Mervan, Yezit! H\u0131h! Sen s\u00f6yle? Biz ne yapt\u0131k ki, \u00a0gen\u00e7lerimizi, \u00e7oluk \u00e7ocu\u011fumuzu b\u00f6yle katledip suya att\u0131lar?<\/i><\/p>\n

On iki day\u0131m vard\u0131, kilisenin sahibi, babam\u0131, karde\u015fimi, halam\u0131, onun e\u015fini ve o\u011fullar\u0131n\u0131, art\u0131k di\u011fer kom\u015fular\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n tamam\u0131n\u0131, hi\u00e7 sorma\u2026 K\u0131rman\u00e7lar\u0131 (Dersim Alevileri) bizim i\u00e7imizden ay\u0131rd\u0131lar. K\u00f6y\u00fcn arkas\u0131na g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcp gaz d\u00f6kerek, yakarak katletmi\u015fler.<\/i><\/p>\n

Babam\u0131n ad\u0131 Garabed, Garo diyorlarm\u0131\u015f. Benim annemin ad\u0131 da Havva… Biz iki erkek, iki de k\u0131z karde\u015f idik. Bir erkek karde\u015fim daha asker gelmeden \u00f6ld\u00fc. Asker gelince di\u011fer karde\u015fimi ve babam\u0131 Vank\u2019ta \u00f6ld\u00fcrd\u00fcler.\u201d <\/i>(G\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fme; Sultan Demir, Nezahat-Kaz\u0131m G\u00fcndo\u011fan, Elaz\u0131\u011f 2012)<\/b><\/p>\n

Ke\u015fi\u015f ailesinden kurtulup s\u00fcrg\u00fcne gitmeyen tek ki\u015fi Varte\u2019dir. E\u015fini ve \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n\u0131 katliamda kaybeden Varte uzun zaman ma\u011faralarda, ormanlarda saklan\u0131r. S\u00fcrg\u00fcne g\u00f6nderilmeyen bir ka\u00e7 Dersim k\u00f6y\u00fcnden biri olan Tilek K\u00f6y\u00fcnde, K\u0131z\u0131lba\u015f dostlar\u0131na s\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131r. Dersim\u2019de olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen 1947\u2019de af \u00e7\u0131k\u0131nca ancak Vank\u2019a geri d\u00f6nebilir. Fakat Vank\u2019ta manast\u0131r\u0131n y\u0131k\u0131lm\u0131\u015f duvarlar\u0131ndan ba\u015fka geriye hi\u00e7 bir \u015fey kalmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Geri d\u00f6nen s\u00fcrg\u00fcn K\u0131z\u0131lba\u015flar k\u00f6y\u00fc yeniden in\u015fa ederken ona da k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir ev yaparlar. Manast\u0131r\u0131 ve arazisini sahiplenme \u00e7abas\u0131 ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 olmaz. Manast\u0131r\u0131n arazileri Halvori k\u00f6yl\u00fcleri taraf\u0131ndan aralar\u0131nda payla\u015f\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Varte, ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131 Manast\u0131r\u0131n y\u0131k\u0131k duvarlar\u0131n\u0131 korumaya adar. Ermeni kimli\u011fi ve H\u0131ristiyan inanc\u0131yla\u2026 Belli zamanlar orada mumlar e\u015fli\u011finde ibadetini yapar.\u00a0 Hi\u00e7bir kimse ona kar\u0131\u015fmaz. Tam tersine ona ve y\u0131k\u0131k Manast\u0131ra sayg\u0131 g\u00f6sterilir, yard\u0131m edilir. Zaten K\u0131z\u0131lba\u015flar da Vank manast\u0131r\u0131n\u0131 bir kutsal mekan olarak \u00f6teden beri sahiplenirler. Dersim\u2019in de\u011fi\u015fik b\u00f6lgelerinde ya\u015fayan Alevi Ermeniler zaman zaman Varte\u2019yi ve manast\u0131r\u0131 ziyaret ederler. Ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131 manast\u0131ra adayan Varte 1976\u2019da \u00f6l\u00fcr. 1938\u2019den sonra Manast\u0131r\u0131n yan\u0131nda ki Ermeni mezarl\u0131\u011f\u0131na g\u00f6m\u00fclebilen tek ki\u015fi de Varte olur.<\/p>\n

Y\u0131k\u0131k manast\u0131r sahipsiz kal\u0131r. Devlet deste\u011fini (resmi kaz\u0131 izni) alan \u201cdefine aray\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131\u201d taraf\u0131ndan 2003- 2004 y\u0131llar\u0131nda b\u00fcy\u00fck i\u015f makineleriyle kaz\u0131l\u0131r, tamamen tahrip edilir. (G\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fme, Haydar \u015eahin, Nezahat- Kaz\u0131m G\u00fcndo\u011fan, Vank 2012)<\/b><\/p>\n

Denizli\u2019ye s\u00fcrg\u00fcne g\u00f6nderilen Toros Vartabetyan katliam zaman\u0131nda 15-16 ya\u015flar\u0131nda bir gen\u00e7tir. Ke\u015fi\u015f ailesinden g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm\u00fcz hemen herkesin ondan bahsetmesinin nedenleri vard\u0131. Birincisi; Ke\u015fi\u015f ailesinin ve karde\u015flerinin katledilmesini g\u00f6ren, ya\u015fayan ve aktaran ki\u015fidir. \u0130kincisi; manast\u0131r\u0131n de\u011ferli e\u015fyalar\u0131n\u0131n yerini bildi\u011fi gerek\u00e7esiyle i\u015fkence g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ve e\u015fyalar\u0131n yerinin ondan \u00f6\u011frenildi\u011fi s\u00f6ylenilir. \u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fcs\u00fc; \u00a0s\u00fcrg\u00fcnde, geride kalan ke\u015fi\u015f ailesinin \u00fcyelerini, akrabalar\u0131n\u0131 aray\u0131p bulan ve onlara sahip \u00e7\u0131kan ki\u015fidir. D\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fcs\u00fc; erken y\u0131llarda \u0130stanbul\u2019a gelip Ermeni kimli\u011fiyle yeniden ili\u015fki kurar. G\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir ki\u015filik olmas\u0131 nedeniyle sayg\u0131n bir yeri vard\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Toros\u2019un Denizli ve Konya\u2019da ki ad\u0131 Mehmet Balc\u0131\u2019d\u0131r. \u0130stanbul\u2019da ise, Toros Vartabetyan olur. Toros\u2019un \u00e7ocuklar\u0131 da babas\u0131n\u0131n yolunu takip ederek T\u00fcrk M\u00fcsl\u00fcman isimleri b\u0131rak\u0131p Ermeni isimleri al\u0131rlar. Toros Vartabetyan\u2019\u0131n k\u0131z\u0131 Meryem, babas\u0131ndan kendisine kalan \u201cac\u0131 an\u0131lar\u0131\u201d \u015f\u00f6yle anlatt\u0131; \u201cBabam \u2018Dersim vakas\u0131\u2019 derdi. \u2018Dersim olaylar\u0131nda karde\u015flerimi g\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fcn \u00f6n\u00fcnde \u00f6ld\u00fcrd\u00fcler. Ben ormanl\u0131k bir alandayd\u0131m, ormanl\u0131k alanda saklanarak kendimi korudum, iki asker g\u00f6rd\u00fc, \u00fcst\u00fcme ate\u015f a\u00e7t\u0131, ben ka\u00e7t\u0131m. Sa\u011f\u0131mdan solumdan kur\u015funlar sekiyordu ama kurtaran Allah kurtard\u0131… Kurtuldum\u2026\u2019<\/i> diyordu. Anne babas\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7ok anlatmazd\u0131. Ama karde\u015flerini unutam\u0131yordu. Karde\u015flerinin d\u00f6rd\u00fcn\u00fc kur\u015funa dizerek \u00f6ld\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015fler. \u00c7o\u011fu zaman anlat\u0131r, a\u011flard\u0131. Hatta vefat edece\u011fi zaman bile ba\u015f\u0131n\u0131 ta\u015fla ezdikleri karde\u015finin ismini say\u0131klayarak\u2026 (a\u011fl\u0131yor) Hatta onu kar\u015f\u0131mda g\u00f6r\u00fcyorum\u2026 Nefesini verirken aya\u011fa kalkt\u0131 b\u00f6yle. \u2018Baba ne oldu?\u2019 dedim, dedi ki, \u2018Harut\u2019u g\u00f6rd\u00fcm, kar\u015f\u0131da duruyor.\u2019 \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc ondan \u00e7ok etkilenmi\u015fti. \u2018Allah kimseye o g\u00fcnleri ya\u015fatmas\u0131n, \u00e7ok ac\u0131, \u00e7ok k\u00f6t\u00fc \u015feyler\u2026\u2019 Hep b\u00f6yle s\u00f6ylerdi bizlere. Yani \u00e7ok detaylara girmek istemezdi \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc bizi a\u015f\u0131lamak (etkilemek \u2013bn) da istemiyordu, sadece \u2018\u0130nsan, insand\u0131r. Biz o d\u00f6nemleri ya\u015fad\u0131k, kimsenin de ya\u015famas\u0131n\u0131 istemiyoruz\u2019 diyordu.\u201d\u00a0 <\/i><\/p>\n

Konya\u2019dan \u0130stanbul\u2019a gelene kadar babam\u0131n Ermeni oldu\u011funu bilmiyordum. Karde\u015flerim de bilmiyordu. \u0130stanbul\u2019a geldikten sonra babam s\u00f6yledi. \u0130stanbul\u2019da Toros olduktan sonra ya\u015fam\u0131nda \u00e7ok \u015fey de\u011fi\u015fti. Mezar ta\u015f\u0131n\u0131 da Toros olarak yazd\u0131rd\u0131. Kom\u015fular\u0131na \u2018ben Ermeni\u2019yim diyebiliyordu, kiliseye gidip duas\u0131n\u0131 yapabiliyordu. En az\u0131ndan burada inanc\u0131 do\u011frultusunda daha \u00f6zg\u00fcrd\u00fc, daha rahatt\u0131. Konya\u2019da kom\u015fular\u0131m\u0131z bizi Alevi olarak biliyorlard\u0131. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc Alevi insan\u0131n\u0131 Ermenilerden daha ho\u015f kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131yorlard\u0131. \u0130kincisi annem zaten Alevi\u2026 Bizi de Alevi biliyorlard\u0131\u2026 Konya\u2019da 5-6 hane Alevi\u2019ydi.\u00a0 Birbirlerine sahip \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yorlard\u0131\u2026<\/i><\/p>\n

Babam orada oru\u00e7 tutard\u0131 ama buraya geldikten sonra kendi \u015feyini (orucunu-bn.) tutmaya ba\u015flad\u0131. Orada 12 \u0130mamlarda da, Ramazanda da oru\u00e7 tutuyordu, ama \u00a0\u2018Allah Kalbimi, y\u00fcre\u011fimi biliyor, tuttu\u011fum oru\u00e7, etti\u011fim dua istedi\u011fim y\u00f6nde gidiyor\u2019 derdi.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u2018\u2019Camide namaz\u0131n\u0131 k\u0131ld\u0131ktan sonra evde ayr\u0131ca dua ederdi, ondan sonra da hac\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131rd\u0131. \u00d6yle dua etti\u011fini bilirim. Nenemi de (T\u0131\u011fso nene -bn) bilirim. Oda \u00f6yle dua ederdi.\u00a0 Elinde tespih, tespihin ucuna da hac takm\u0131\u015ft\u0131, \u00a0\u00f6yle dua ederdi\u2026\u2019\u2019 <\/i><\/p>\n

Kendi hik\u00e2yesini de anlatt\u0131 Meryem. Asl\u0131nda onun hik\u00e2yesi ikinci ku\u015fak Dersim Ermenilerinin ortak hik\u00e2yesidir\u2026<\/p>\n

\u201c17 ya\u015f\u0131mdayken \u0130stanbul\u2019a geldik ve Ermeni oldu\u011fumu \u00f6\u011frendim. Tabii ister istemez kiliseye gidiyorsun, kiliseyi yad\u0131rg\u0131yorsun. Yani \u00f6yle bir \u015fey ki, nas\u0131l dua edece\u011fini, nas\u0131l ha\u00e7 \u00e7\u0131karaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bilmiyorsun\u2026 Yani o topluma da uzak oluyorsun. Onlara da uyum sa\u011flayam\u0131yorsun\u2026 Nas\u0131l diyeyim sana\u2026 Yolunu, inanc\u0131n\u0131, \u015feylerini bilmiyorsun. Ama ge\u00e7mi\u015fte \u00f6\u011frendi\u011fin dualarla dua ediyorsun. Yani Alevi olarak\u2026 \u00a0Kiliseye ilk gitti\u011fimde, El hamd\u00fclillay\u0131 okuyorum, S\u00fcbhaneke\u2019yi okuyorum, Fatiha\u2019y\u0131 okuyorum\u2026 Mesela Haymer\u2019i sorsalar bilmiyordum. Diyorum ya, Ermenilerin i\u00e7ine giriyorsun, kendini onlara yak\u0131n hissedemiyorsun. Gine en yak\u0131n hissetti\u011fin Alevilerle oluyordu. Onlarla bir\u00e7ok \u015feyi payla\u015f\u0131yorduk. Karde\u015flerim de \u00f6yle, ben de \u00f6yle\u2026 \u0130ki k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcn hatta 2-3 k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcn, inanc\u0131n aras\u0131nda ge\u00e7ti bizim \u00e7ocuklu\u011fumuz\u2026\u2019\u2019 ( G\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fme; Meryem O.<\/b>\u00a0 <\/i>Nezahat- Kaz\u0131m G\u00fcndo\u011fan, Istanbul-2013)<\/b><\/p>\n

Sonu\u00e7 olarak;\u00a0 Dersimlilerin \u201cTerteleo veren\u201d dedikleri 1915 soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 ile \u201cTerteleo peyen\u201d dedikleri 1938 k\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 hem Dersim K\u0131rman\u00e7lar\u0131, K\u00fcrtleri, Alevi Ermenileri a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan, hem de H\u0131ristiyan Ermeniler ac\u0131s\u0131ndan ortak bir ac\u0131 ve ortak bir travma olarak ku\u015faklara aras\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131nmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Devletin, \u00a0Osmanl\u0131dan beri \u201cs\u00f6k\u00fcl\u00fcp at\u0131lmas\u0131 gereken bir \u00e7\u0131ban\u201d olarak de\u011ferlendirdi\u011fi Dersim meselesi i\u00e7inde bir H\u0131ristiyan Ermeni meselesi oldu\u011funu s\u00f6ylemek yanl\u0131\u015f olmaz.<\/p>\n

Manast\u0131r\u0131n y\u0131k\u0131lmas\u0131 ve t\u00fcm inan\u00e7 sembollerine devlet taraf\u0131ndan el konulmas\u0131, bunlar\u0131n gazetelerde te\u015fhir edilmesi, iddianamede i\u015flenmesi bi\u00e7imi;<\/p>\n

Devletin Dersim A\u011falar\u0131ndan Ermenileri istemesi;<\/p>\n

S\u00fcrg\u00fcne g\u00f6nderilen Ermenilerin isimlerinin ve dinin de\u011fi\u015ftirilmesi (zorla s\u00fcnnet vb), gibi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce ve fiilleri bu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fc destekler nitelikte oldu\u011fu g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir.<\/p>\n

Dersim H\u0131ristiyan Ermenileri a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan ya\u015famsal \u00f6neme sahip olan manast\u0131r ve ke\u015fi\u015f ailesine y\u00f6nelik sald\u0131r\u0131 ve sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 inceledi\u011fimizde;<\/p>\n

Katliamdan kutulan \u201cke\u015fi\u015f ailesi\u201dnin par\u00e7alanarak de\u011fi\u015fik il ve il\u00e7elere s\u00fcrg\u00fcn edilmeleri tamamen asimilasyon ama\u00e7l\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

G\u00f6nderildikleri yerlerde ilkin Ermeni adlar\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirilerek etnik k\u00f6klerinden kopar\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Dini kurumlar\u0131ndan yoksun b\u0131rak\u0131ld\u0131klar\u0131 i\u00e7in din de\u011fi\u015ftirilmeye mecbur b\u0131rak\u0131l\u0131r. K\u00fclt\u00fcrleri ve inan\u00e7lar\u0131 i\u00e7in olmazsa olmaz olan dilleri yasaklan\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Bu s\u00fcre\u00e7 o kadar a\u011f\u0131r ya\u015fan\u0131r ki;\u00a0 1947 de geriye d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f i\u00e7in \u201caf\u201d \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131nda neredeyse kimse k\u00f6klerine d\u00f6nemez.<\/p>\n

Ya\u015fayabilmek i\u00e7in bulunduklar\u0131 ko\u015fullara uyum sa\u011flamak zorunda kalsalar da Ermeni kimlikleri gizliden gizliye korunur ve ta\u015f\u0131n\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Ermeni etnik kimli\u011fini koruma konusunda daha g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir gizli ba\u011f olmas\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131n, H\u0131ristiyan inan\u00e7 kimli\u011fin korunmas\u0131nda \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclmenin daha boyutlu oldu\u011funu g\u00f6r\u00fcyoruz.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Buna ra\u011fmen ko\u015fullar\u0131 olu\u015ftu\u011funda hem etnik, hem de inan\u00e7sal olarak bu insanlar\u0131n k\u00f6kleriyle bulu\u015fmak i\u00e7in aray\u0131\u015f i\u00e7inde olduklar\u0131 ve bulu\u015ftuklar\u0131 da s\u00f6ylenebilir.<\/p>\n

Manast\u0131rlar\u0131 olmasa da, de\u011fi\u015fik inan\u00e7lara sahip olsalar da, farkl\u0131 k\u00fclt\u00fcrler aras\u0131nda kalsalar da \u00a0\u00a0\u201cKe\u015fi\u015f Ailesi\u201dnin ya\u015fayan \u00fcyeleri hala \u201cbiz ke\u015fi\u015f torunuyuz\u201d diyebiliyor\u2026\u00a0 22 Ekim 2013<\/p>\n

Sayg\u0131lar\u0131m\u0131zla.<\/i><\/p>\n

Nezahat G\u00fcndo\u011fan (Y\u00f6netmen-Mimar)<\/i><\/p>\n

Kaz\u0131m G\u00fcndo\u011fan (Yap\u0131mc\u0131-Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131)<\/i><\/p>\n

Sevgili Hovsep Hayreni\u2019ye \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 ve katk\u0131lar\u0131ndan \u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fc te\u015fekk\u00fcr ederiz.<\/i><\/p>\n

Akunq.net <\/i><\/b><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Kaz\u0131m G\u00fcndo\u011fan Makale, 2-4 Kas\u0131m 2013 tarihlerinde Hrant Dink Vakf\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan \u0130stanbul\u2019da d\u00fczenlenen “M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanla\u015f(t\u0131r\u0131l)m\u0131\u015f Ermeniler Konferans\u0131”na sunulan bir bildiri olup, vak\u0131f taraf\u0131ndan kitapla\u015facakt\u0131r. Biz, \u201cDersim ve Dersim’in Kay\u0131p K\u0131zlar\u0131\u201d kapsam\u0131ndaki \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmam\u0131z\u0131 geni\u015fletirken yaln\u0131z 1937-1938’in de\u011fil, 1915’in de ma\u011fdurlar\u0131 olan Ermenilerden yetim kalan, Alevile\u015fen, M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanla\u015fan ve her biri \u00f6tekinden \u00e7ileli ya\u015fam s\u00fcren insanlar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n ya\u015fam \u00f6yk\u00fclerini toplad\u0131k. […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6,12,13,14,26],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-28249","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-ermeni-soykirimi","category-gunumuzde-bati-ermenileri","category-gunumuzde-bati-ermenistan","category-haberler","category-makaleler"],"yoast_head":"\n1937-38 Dersim Katliam\u0131nda Ermeniler - Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/akunq.net\/turkish\/2014\/02\/03\/1937-38-dersim-katliaminda-ermeniler\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"1937-38 Dersim Katliam\u0131nda Ermeniler - Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Kaz\u0131m G\u00fcndo\u011fan Makale, 2-4 Kas\u0131m 2013 tarihlerinde Hrant Dink Vakf\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan \u0130stanbul\u2019da d\u00fczenlenen “M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanla\u015f(t\u0131r\u0131l)m\u0131\u015f Ermeniler Konferans\u0131”na sunulan bir bildiri olup, vak\u0131f taraf\u0131ndan kitapla\u015facakt\u0131r. Biz, \u201cDersim ve Dersim’in Kay\u0131p K\u0131zlar\u0131\u201d kapsam\u0131ndaki \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmam\u0131z\u0131 geni\u015fletirken yaln\u0131z 1937-1938’in de\u011fil, 1915’in de ma\u011fdurlar\u0131 olan Ermenilerden yetim kalan, Alevile\u015fen, M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanla\u015fan ve her biri \u00f6tekinden \u00e7ileli ya\u015fam s\u00fcren insanlar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n ya\u015fam \u00f6yk\u00fclerini toplad\u0131k. […]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/akunq.net\/turkish\/2014\/02\/03\/1937-38-dersim-katliaminda-ermeniler\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2014-02-03T09:38:09+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/akunq.net\/turkish\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2014\/02\/Kazim-Gundogan.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"602\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"322\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"kalem\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"kalem\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"38 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/akunq.net\/turkish\/2014\/02\/03\/1937-38-dersim-katliaminda-ermeniler\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/akunq.net\/turkish\/2014\/02\/03\/1937-38-dersim-katliaminda-ermeniler\/\",\"name\":\"1937-38 Dersim Katliam\u0131nda Ermeniler - 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Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/turkish\/2014\/02\/03\/1937-38-dersim-katliaminda-ermeniler\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"1937-38 Dersim Katliam\u0131nda Ermeniler - Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi","og_description":"Kaz\u0131m G\u00fcndo\u011fan Makale, 2-4 Kas\u0131m 2013 tarihlerinde Hrant Dink Vakf\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan \u0130stanbul\u2019da d\u00fczenlenen “M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanla\u015f(t\u0131r\u0131l)m\u0131\u015f Ermeniler Konferans\u0131”na sunulan bir bildiri olup, vak\u0131f taraf\u0131ndan kitapla\u015facakt\u0131r. Biz, \u201cDersim ve Dersim’in Kay\u0131p K\u0131zlar\u0131\u201d kapsam\u0131ndaki \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmam\u0131z\u0131 geni\u015fletirken yaln\u0131z 1937-1938’in de\u011fil, 1915’in de ma\u011fdurlar\u0131 olan Ermenilerden yetim kalan, Alevile\u015fen, M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanla\u015fan ve her biri \u00f6tekinden \u00e7ileli ya\u015fam s\u00fcren insanlar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n ya\u015fam \u00f6yk\u00fclerini toplad\u0131k. 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