{"id":27178,"date":"2013-11-29T05:05:05","date_gmt":"2013-11-29T10:05:05","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=27178"},"modified":"2013-11-29T05:05:05","modified_gmt":"2013-11-29T10:05:05","slug":"53-xvii-yuzyil-osmanli-iran-savaslari-esnasinda-ermenistan","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/turkish\/2013\/11\/29\/53-xvii-yuzyil-osmanli-iran-savaslari-esnasinda-ermenistan\/","title":{"rendered":"53. XVII. y\u00fczy\u0131l Osmanl\u0131-\u0130ran sava\u015flar\u0131 esnas\u0131nda Ermenistan"},"content":{"rendered":"
\"\u015eah<\/a>
\u015eah Abbas<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

\u015eah Abbas\u2019\u0131n ak\u0131nlar\u0131<\/b><\/p>\n

Tahta oturan \u015eah Abbas (1587-1629) 1590 bar\u0131\u015f\u0131ndan, ordusunu yeniden d\u00fczenleyebilmek i\u00e7in faydalan\u0131r. K\u0131sa s\u00fcrede i\u00e7 \u00e7alkant\u0131lara son verip, merkezi y\u00f6netimi g\u00fc\u00e7lendirmeyi ba\u015far\u0131r. \u00d6zbekleri yenerek, devletin do\u011fu s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131 garantiye al\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u015eah, devletin ekonomik g\u00fc\u00e7lenmesine \u00f6zel ihtimam g\u00f6stererek, i\u00e7 ve d\u0131\u015f ticareti te\u015fvik eder. \u0130pek ticareti devlet monopol\u00fc olarak ilan edilir.<\/p>\n

\u015eah Abbas, \u0130ran ordusunu \u0130ngilizlerin deste\u011fiyle yeniden d\u00fczenler. Avrupa \u00f6rne\u011finde yeni, kal\u0131c\u0131 bir ordu kurar. Top\u00e7u birlikleri olu\u015fturulur. T\u00fcm bunlar, \u0130ran\u2019\u0131n g\u00fc\u00e7lenmesi sa\u011flar.<\/p>\n

Buna kar\u015f\u0131n, XVI. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n 90\u2019l\u0131 y\u0131llar\u0131nda Osmanl\u0131 \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu\u2019nun do\u011fu vilayetlerinde, K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck Asya\u2019n\u0131n do\u011fusunda kar\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131klar ba\u015f g\u00f6sterir. K\u00f6yl\u00fc ayaklanmalar\u0131 olu\u015fur. Osmanl\u0131 devleti, bu isyanlar\u0131 uzun zaman bast\u0131ramaz. Bu d\u00f6nemde, XVII. y\u00fczy\u0131l ba\u015f\u0131nda patlak veren taht kavgalar\u0131 Osmanl\u0131 devletini son derece zay\u0131flat\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u015eah Abbas, h\u00e2s\u0131l olan durumdan faydalan\u0131r. 1603 y\u0131l\u0131nda, Osmanl\u0131-\u0130ran sava\u015f\u0131 ba\u015flar. Acem ordusu kolayl\u0131kla Tebriz\u2019i ele ge\u00e7irdikten sonra, Yeraskh\u2019\u0131 (Aras-\u00e7ev. notu) ge\u00e7ip, Nakhicevan\u2019\u0131n (Nahcivan) \u00fczerine y\u00fcr\u00fcr. 1604 bahar\u0131nda \u0130ranl\u0131lar Yerevan\u2019\u0131 ku\u015fat\u0131r. \u015eah, bu yolun \u00fczerinde Cu\u011fa\u2019ya (Culfa-\u00e7ev. notu) girer ve bu \u015fehrin halk\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan m\u00fckemmel bir \u015fekilde kar\u015f\u0131lan\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Yerevan\u2019\u0131n ku\u015fatmas\u0131 dokuz ay s\u00fcrer. Osmanl\u0131lar, Acem ordusuna inatla direnir. \u0130ran ordusunun bir k\u0131sm\u0131 bu s\u00fcrede Ermenistan\u2019\u0131n g\u00fcney ve bat\u0131 eyaletlerine ak\u0131nlar d\u00fczenler ve buradaki halk\u0131n bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 Ararat (A\u011fr\u0131-\u00e7ev. notu) Ovas\u0131\u2019na getirtir. \u0130ran ordusu ciddi bir mukavemetle kar\u015f\u0131la\u015fmaz, Ermeniler ise, Osmanl\u0131 i\u00e7in \u0130ran\u2019a kar\u015f\u0131 d\u00f6v\u00fc\u015fmeye niyetli de\u011fildi. Sonu\u00e7ta Yerevan kalesi de teslim olur.<\/p>\n

Ermenilerin, \u015eah Abbas taraf\u0131ndan tehcir edilmesi<\/b><\/p>\n

Osmanl\u0131 ordusu 1604 yaz\u0131nda kar\u015f\u0131 sald\u0131r\u0131ya ge\u00e7er ve Arz\u0131rum (Karin, Erzurum-\u00e7ev. notu) \u00fczerinden Kars ve \u015eirak\u2019a do\u011fru y\u00fcr\u00fcr. \u015eah Abbas, \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmaya girmeyip, geri \u00e7ekilmeye, ayn\u0131 zamanda da, d\u00fc\u015fman ordular\u0131n\u0131n sald\u0131r\u0131 yolu \u00fczerinde bulunan topraklar\u0131 bo\u015falt\u0131p, halk\u0131 \u0130ran\u2019a s\u00fcrmeye karar verir. \u015eah Abbas, bu sayede d\u00fc\u015fman\u0131 g\u0131da sa\u011flama imk\u00e2n\u0131ndan mahrum edip, ileri hareketini k\u0131s\u0131tlayacakt\u0131.<\/p>\n

\u015eah Abbas\u2019\u0131n tertipledi\u011fi tehcir, Ermeni halk\u0131n\u0131 \u0130ran\u2019a s\u00fcr\u00fcp, bu sayede \u00fclke ekonomisinin geli\u015fmesine katk\u0131 sa\u011flamak niyetini g\u00fctmekteydi. \u00d6zellikle ipek ticaretinde g\u00f6ze \u00e7arpan Ermeni tacirler, \u0130ran hazinesine b\u00fcy\u00fck gelir sa\u011flayacaklard\u0131.<\/p>\n

\u0130ran ordusu, Ararat Ovas\u0131 \u00fczerinden, Yeraskh\u2019\u0131n ak\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131 istikametinde \u00e7ekilmekteydi. \u00d6nlerinden, Ararat Ovas\u0131\u2019nda toplam\u0131\u015f olduklar\u0131 t\u00fcm ahaliyi \u0130ran\u2019a do\u011fru s\u00fcr\u00fcyorlard\u0131. \u0130ran askerleri, Kars\u2019tan Cu\u011fa\u2019ya kadar olan t\u00fcm b\u00f6lgede her \u015feyi yak\u0131yor, Osmanl\u0131n\u0131n eline ge\u00e7memesi ve s\u00fcr\u00fclen halk\u0131n da geri d\u00f6nme \u00fcmidini kaybetmesi i\u00e7in, yerlerinden edilen halk\u0131n evlerini, mallar\u0131n\u0131, g\u0131day\u0131, hayvan yemini yok ediyorlard\u0131.<\/p>\n

Ermenistan \u00e7\u00f6le d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr. Sadece cephe \u00e7izgisinden uzak bulunan S\u00fcnik ve Artsakh-Utik (Karaba\u011f-\u00e7ev. notu) halk\u0131 kurtulur. Bunun haricinde \u0130ranl\u0131lar, yerel halk\u0131n, da\u011fl\u0131k topraklar\u0131n\u0131n ula\u015f\u0131lmazl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan faydalanarak, g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc biri \u015fekilde direnebilece\u011finin bilincindeydi.<\/p>\n

Osmanl\u0131lar taraf\u0131ndan takip edilen \u0130ran ordusu, bir an \u00f6nce Yeraskh\u2019\u0131n \u00f6te yakas\u0131na ge\u00e7mek i\u00e7in halk\u0131 acele ettiriyorlard\u0131. Nihayet, b\u00fcy\u00fck kay\u0131plar vererek Cu\u011fa\u2019ya varan halk \u0130ran ordusuyla birlikte Yeraskh\u2019\u0131 ge\u00e7er. Osmanl\u0131 ordusu bundan sonra Nahkicevan\u2019a girer.<\/p>\n

G\u00f6\u00e7en halk i\u00e7in en zor olan durum, Yeraskh\u2019\u0131 ge\u00e7erken olu\u015fur. Var olan k\u00f6pr\u00fcler ve di\u011fer imk\u00e2nlar yeterli de\u011fildi. Acemler ise, Osmanl\u0131dan korkarak, bir an \u00f6nce nehri ge\u00e7ip, takipten kurtulmak istiyorlard\u0131. Ordu, \u015fah\u0131n emriyle, halk\u0131 nehre dolu\u015fmaya ve y\u00fcr\u00fcyerek kar\u015f\u0131 tarafa ge\u00e7meye zorlamaktayd\u0131. \u0130nsanlar nehre dolu\u015fmaktayd\u0131. Y\u00fczme bilenler kar\u015f\u0131 k\u0131y\u0131ya var\u0131yor, bunu beceremeyenler, ya\u015fl\u0131lar ve \u00e7ocuklar, kad\u0131nlar ve g\u00fc\u00e7s\u00fczler, nehrin sular\u0131na kurban gitmekteydi. Daha \u00f6nce \u015eah Abbas\u2019\u0131 m\u00fckemmel bir \u015fekilde a\u011f\u0131rlam\u0131\u015f olan Cu\u011fa halk\u0131 da yerlerinden edilir. \u0130ranl\u0131lar her ne kadar herkesi s\u00fcrg\u00fcn etmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015fsa da, bir\u00e7ok ki\u015fi ka\u00e7\u0131p, da\u011flar, ormanlar, ma\u011faralar ve daha farkl\u0131 yerlerde saklanmay\u0131 ba\u015far\u0131r.<\/p>\n

G\u00f6\u00e7menlerin bir k\u0131sm\u0131, genellikle de k\u00f6yl\u00fcler, \u0130sfahan\u2019\u0131n \u00e7evre b\u00f6lgelerine yerle\u015ftirilir, Cu\u011fa\u2019n\u0131n t\u00fcccarlar\u0131na ise \u015fah\u0131n emriyle \u0130sfahan\u2019a yerle\u015fme izni verilir. Bu insanlar kendi mahallelerini olu\u015fturup, Yeni Cu\u011fa olarak adland\u0131r\u0131rlar.<\/p>\n

\u015eah Abbas\u2019\u0131n d\u00fczenledi\u011fi tehcir, Ermeni halk\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131na gelen en b\u00fcy\u00fck felaketlerden biridir. 300 binin \u00fczerinde Ermeni Ermenistan\u2019dan s\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcp, \u0130ran\u2019a g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

Ermenistan\u2019\u0131n tekrar b\u00f6l\u00fcnmesi<\/b><\/p>\n

Osmanl\u0131 devleti ve Safevi \u0130ran aras\u0131ndaki sava\u015f 1605\u2019te yeniden ba\u015flar. Nihai muharebede Osmanl\u0131 ordusu yenilir, fakat sava\u015f bununla sona ermez ve de\u011fi\u015fen ba\u015far\u0131larla yakla\u015f\u0131k 30 y\u0131l daha s\u00fcrer. Ba\u015far\u0131 bir \u0130ranl\u0131lar, bir Osmanl\u0131lar taraf\u0131nda olur. \u0130ki durumda da operasyonlar Ermenistan topraklar\u0131nda s\u00fcrer ve zarar g\u00f6ren, ya\u011fmalanan Ermeni halk\u0131 olur.<\/p>\n

Osmanl\u0131lar 1638 y\u0131l\u0131nda Ba\u011fdad\u2019\u0131 ele ge\u00e7irmeyi ba\u015fard\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, \u0130ranl\u0131lar bar\u0131\u015f \u00f6nerir. 1639 y\u0131l\u0131nda iki taraf aras\u0131nda bar\u0131\u015f antla\u015fmas\u0131 yap\u0131l\u0131r. Yakla\u015f\u0131k 80 y\u0131l bar\u0131\u015f tesis olur. Ermenistan bu antla\u015fmayla Osmanl\u0131 \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu ve \u0130ran aras\u0131nda b\u00f6l\u00fcn\u00fcr. S\u0131n\u0131r bu sefer Akhuryan (Arpa-\u00e7ev. notu) Nehri\u2019nden Yeraskh\u2019a kadar uzan\u0131p, d\u00fcz bir \u00e7izgi halinde Ermeni Par\u0131 da\u011flar\u0131na, B\u00fcy\u00fck ve K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck Masisler (B\u00fcy\u00fck ve K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck A\u011fr\u0131-\u00e7ev. notu) aras\u0131ndan g\u00fcneye sap\u0131p, Vaspurakan\u2019\u0131 (Van b\u00f6lgesi-\u00e7ev. notu) ikiye b\u00f6lerek Van ile Ba\u011fdad\u2019\u0131 Osmanl\u0131 taraf\u0131nda b\u0131rak\u0131p Mezopotamya\u2019ya ula\u015fmaktayd\u0131.<\/p>\n

B\u00f6ylece, \u0130ran\u2019a ge\u00e7mi\u015f olan Do\u011fu Ermenistan b\u00fcnyesinde Gugark, \u015eirak, Ararat Ovas\u0131, S\u00fcnik, Artsakh, Utik, Parskahayk (\u0130ran Ermenistan\u0131-\u00e7ev. notu) ve Vaspurakan\u2019\u0131n bir k\u0131sm\u0131 kal\u0131r. Bu topraklar\u0131n bat\u0131s\u0131nda kalan k\u0131s\u0131mda bulunan Ermenistan topraklar\u0131, \u00fcnl\u00fc Kars, Van, Arz\u0131rum \u015fehirleriyle birlikte Osmanl\u0131ya kal\u0131r. Bu s\u0131n\u0131r \u00e7izgisi, XIX. y\u00fczy\u0131l ba\u015flar\u0131na kadar korunur.<\/p>\n

http:\/\/www.findarmenia.com\/arm\/history\/21\/341<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u015eah Abbas\u2019\u0131n ak\u0131nlar\u0131 Tahta oturan \u015eah Abbas (1587-1629) 1590 bar\u0131\u015f\u0131ndan, ordusunu yeniden d\u00fczenleyebilmek i\u00e7in faydalan\u0131r. K\u0131sa s\u00fcrede i\u00e7 \u00e7alkant\u0131lara son verip, merkezi y\u00f6netimi g\u00fc\u00e7lendirmeyi ba\u015far\u0131r. \u00d6zbekleri yenerek, devletin do\u011fu s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131 garantiye al\u0131r. \u015eah, devletin ekonomik g\u00fc\u00e7lenmesine \u00f6zel ihtimam g\u00f6stererek, i\u00e7 ve d\u0131\u015f ticareti te\u015fvik eder. \u0130pek ticareti devlet monopol\u00fc olarak ilan edilir. \u015eah Abbas, \u0130ran […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[7,14],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-27178","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-ermenilerin-tarihi","category-haberler"],"yoast_head":"\n53. XVII. y\u00fczy\u0131l Osmanl\u0131-\u0130ran sava\u015flar\u0131 esnas\u0131nda Ermenistan - Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/akunq.net\/turkish\/2013\/11\/29\/53-xvii-yuzyil-osmanli-iran-savaslari-esnasinda-ermenistan\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"53. XVII. y\u00fczy\u0131l Osmanl\u0131-\u0130ran sava\u015flar\u0131 esnas\u0131nda Ermenistan - Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\u015eah Abbas\u2019\u0131n ak\u0131nlar\u0131 Tahta oturan \u015eah Abbas (1587-1629) 1590 bar\u0131\u015f\u0131ndan, ordusunu yeniden d\u00fczenleyebilmek i\u00e7in faydalan\u0131r. 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XVII. y\u00fczy\u0131l Osmanl\u0131-\u0130ran sava\u015flar\u0131 esnas\u0131nda Ermenistan - Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/turkish\/2013\/11\/29\/53-xvii-yuzyil-osmanli-iran-savaslari-esnasinda-ermenistan\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"53. XVII. y\u00fczy\u0131l Osmanl\u0131-\u0130ran sava\u015flar\u0131 esnas\u0131nda Ermenistan - Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi","og_description":"\u015eah Abbas\u2019\u0131n ak\u0131nlar\u0131 Tahta oturan \u015eah Abbas (1587-1629) 1590 bar\u0131\u015f\u0131ndan, ordusunu yeniden d\u00fczenleyebilmek i\u00e7in faydalan\u0131r. K\u0131sa s\u00fcrede i\u00e7 \u00e7alkant\u0131lara son verip, merkezi y\u00f6netimi g\u00fc\u00e7lendirmeyi ba\u015far\u0131r. \u00d6zbekleri yenerek, devletin do\u011fu s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131 garantiye al\u0131r. \u015eah, devletin ekonomik g\u00fc\u00e7lenmesine \u00f6zel ihtimam g\u00f6stererek, i\u00e7 ve d\u0131\u015f ticareti te\u015fvik eder. \u0130pek ticareti devlet monopol\u00fc olarak ilan edilir. \u015eah Abbas, \u0130ran […]","og_url":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/turkish\/2013\/11\/29\/53-xvii-yuzyil-osmanli-iran-savaslari-esnasinda-ermenistan\/","og_site_name":"Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi","article_published_time":"2013-11-29T10:05:05+00:00","author":"kalem","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"kalem","Est. reading time":"6 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/turkish\/2013\/11\/29\/53-xvii-yuzyil-osmanli-iran-savaslari-esnasinda-ermenistan\/","url":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/turkish\/2013\/11\/29\/53-xvii-yuzyil-osmanli-iran-savaslari-esnasinda-ermenistan\/","name":"53. 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