{"id":25979,"date":"2013-10-07T02:37:27","date_gmt":"2013-10-07T07:37:27","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=25979"},"modified":"2013-10-07T02:37:27","modified_gmt":"2013-10-07T07:37:27","slug":"matosyan-matbaasi-cumhuriyetin-emval-i-metruke-mirasi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/turkish\/2013\/10\/07\/matosyan-matbaasi-cumhuriyetin-emval-i-metruke-mirasi\/","title":{"rendered":"Matosyan Matbaas\u0131: Cumhuriyet\u2019in Emval-i Metruke miras\u0131"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"ALIN<\/a>ALIN OZINIAN*<\/b><\/p>\n

T\u00fcrkiye’de \u2018Ermeni’ alg\u0131s\u0131 her ne kadar \u0130ttihat\u00e7\u0131 refleksler, resmi tarih anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131, hatta d\u0131\u015f-i\u00e7 mihraklar sendromu \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde geli\u015fse de, bu topraklarda ya\u015fayan istisnas\u0131z herkesin duymu\u015f oldu\u011fu bir Ermeni hikayesi vard\u0131r…<\/i><\/b><\/p>\n

H\u00fck\u00fcmetler \u00fcst\u00fc bir devlet ajandas\u0131na s\u0131k\u0131\u015fan \u201cs\u00f6zde soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u201d ya da \u201cdiaspora sa\u00e7malar\u0131\u201d resmi tezi sebebiyle 1915, s\u00fcrekli \u201cvatana ihanet eden Ermenilerin s\u00fcr\u00fclmesi\u201d gibi etnik bir mesele olarak tan\u0131t\u0131lsa da, bu proje, anlat\u0131lan\u0131n aksine Cumhuriyet tarihinin en b\u00fcy\u00fck ekonomik zaferidir.<\/p>\n

\u0130ttihat\u00e7\u0131lar, Haziran 1915’te hi\u00e7 zaman kaybetmeden Ermenilerden kalacak mal ve m\u00fclklerin ne olaca\u011f\u0131na dair mevzuat\u0131 ilan etmi\u015flerdi, talimatnameye g\u00f6re h\u00fck\u00fcmet, tehcirin uyguland\u0131\u011f\u0131 b\u00f6lgelerde Emval-i Metruke (Terkedilmi\u015f Mallar) komisyonlar\u0131 kuracakt\u0131. Komisyonlar terk edilen evleri m\u00fch\u00fcrleyecek ve i\u00e7lerindeki e\u015fyalarla birlikte k\u0131ymet takdirleri yap\u0131ld\u0131ktan sonra kay\u0131t alt\u0131na alacaklard\u0131. Geride kalan menkuller ve mallar m\u00fczayede usul\u00fcyle sat\u0131lacak ve bedelleri sahipleri ad\u0131na mal sand\u0131klar\u0131na teslim edilecekti. Kiliselerde bulunan e\u015fya ve resimlerle kutsal kitaplar tutanakla tespit edilecek ve mahallinde muhafaza edilmeleri sa\u011flanacakt\u0131. K\u0131l\u0131\u00e7 art\u0131klar\u0131ndan alacakl\u0131 oldu\u011funu iddia edenlerin, kendileri ya da vekilleri arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla iki ay i\u00e7inde komisyonlara ba\u015fvurmas\u0131 gerekiyordu. Bu uygulama yaz\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi i\u015flemedi, yerine g\u00f6re ba\u015fvuru s\u00fcreleri k\u0131salt\u0131ld\u0131 ya da komisyonun bulundu\u011fu mahalde bir ikametgah g\u00f6sterme zorunlulu\u011fu gibi, p\u00fcr\u00fczler \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131ld\u0131. Oysa p\u00fcr\u00fcze falan gerek yoktu asl\u0131nda, can\u0131n\u0131 kurtarmak i\u00e7in yal\u0131nayak Der Zor \u00e7\u00f6llerine s\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f olanlar\u0131n ne bu komisyondan haberleri vard\u0131 ne de geriye bakmaya cesaretleri\u2026 Her yeni verilen karar, at\u0131lan ad\u0131m, geride kalandan daha ac\u0131 vericiydi. Ermeni halk\u0131n\u0131n katli, kalanlar\u0131n tehciri, yollardaki kitlesel \u00f6l\u00fcmler, y\u0131k\u0131lan aileler, izi kaybedilen anneler, \u00e7ocuklar, e\u015fler… \u015fimdi s\u0131ra Ermenilerin y\u0131llar boyu \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131p, korudu\u011fu evlerinin, ba\u011flar\u0131n\u0131n, bah\u00e7elerinin b\u00f6l\u00fc\u015f\u00fclmesine gelmi\u015fti. Komisyonun \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmayaca\u011f\u0131 s\u0131r de\u011fildi. Ermenilerin el konan mallar\u0131n\u0131n bir k\u0131sm\u0131, yerel T\u00fcrk, K\u00fcrt ve \u00c7erkez \u00f6nde gelenleri taraf\u0131ndan talan edilmi\u015f, bir k\u0131sm\u0131 Balkanlar’dan gelen muhacirlere da\u011f\u0131t\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Hatta bazen \u2018M\u00fcsl\u00fcman-T\u00fcrk’ sermayedar yaratmak felsefesiyle herhangi bir \u00fccret talep edilmeden ki\u015fi veya kurulu\u015flara verilmi\u015fti. Amerikan B\u00fcy\u00fckel\u00e7isi Morgenthau an\u0131lar\u0131nda Talat Pa\u015fa’n\u0131n \u201cKe\u015fke Amerikan hayat sigortas\u0131 \u015firketlerine ba\u015fvursayd\u0131n\u0131z da Ermeni poli\u00e7e sahiplerinin tam bir listesini isteseydiniz. Ermenilerin hepsi \u00f6ld\u00fc \u015fimdi, paray\u0131 alacak miras\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131 da yok, demek ki t\u00fcm\u00fc devlete kal\u0131r. Bunu yapabiliriz.\u201d dedi\u011fini anlat\u0131r.<\/p>\n

1921’de\u00a0 Divan-\u0131 \u00d6rfi Mahkemesi’nde, tehcirde katliamlara emir verdi\u011fi i\u00e7in su\u00e7lu bulunup idam edilen Urfa Mutasarr\u0131f\u0131 Nusret Bey ile\u00a0 ayn\u0131 gerek\u00e7e ile idam edilen Bo\u011fazlayan Kaymakam\u0131 Kemal Bey’in \u00f6nce \u2018milli \u015fehit’ ilan edilmesi, ard\u0131ndan da ailelerine \u2018Emval-i Metruke’ fasl\u0131ndan maa\u015f ba\u011flanmas\u0131 i\u015fte bu planland\u0131\u011f\u0131 asla kabul edilmeyen \u201cErmeni kaderinin\u201d en zalim anlar\u0131ndan biriydi. 1927’deki kararname ile Bo\u011fazlayan Kaymakam\u0131’n\u0131n ailesine \u0130stanbul’da Ermenilerden kalan 20 bin lira de\u011ferinde gayrimenkul tahsis edildi. Tehcir su\u00e7lusu ilan edilen Urfa Mutasarr\u0131f\u0131 Nusret Bey’in geride b\u0131rakt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ailesine Ermenilerden kalan mallar verildi. Tahsisler bununla kalmad\u0131, tehcirde en kanl\u0131 eylemlere imzas\u0131n\u0131 atm\u0131\u015f ki\u015filerden Te\u015fkilat-\u0131 Mahsusa liderlerinden Dr. \u015eakir, Diyarbak\u0131r Valisi Dr. Re\u015fid ve Tiflis’te suikasta u\u011frayan Cemal Pa\u015fa’ya hatta Pa\u015fa’n\u0131n yaveri Nusret Bey’in ailelerine de Ermeni mallar\u0131 verildi.<\/p>\n

Cemal Pa\u015fa’n\u0131n torunu Hasan Cemal \u201c1915: Ermeni Soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131\u201d adl\u0131 kitab\u0131nda ailesine verilen, \u015fu an h\u00e2l\u00e2 Ermenilerin yo\u011fun olarak ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 Kurtulu\u015f’taki konaktan bahseder. Hasan Cemal, ayn\u0131 kitapta \u00e7ok az insan\u0131n bildi\u011fi bir yaraya daha parmak basar. Cumhuriyet’te \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 y\u0131llarda \u00f6\u011frendi\u011fi bir ger\u00e7e\u011fi, Matosyan Matbaas\u0131’n\u0131 anlat\u0131r: \u201cNadir Nadi \u015f\u00f6yle anlat\u0131rd\u0131: Matosyan’\u0131n sahibi yurtd\u0131\u015f\u0131na ka\u00e7t\u0131ktan sonra babama sat\u0131ld\u0131 matbaa. Atat\u00fcrk gazete i\u00e7in \u00e7ok acele ediyordu. Avrupa’dan bir makine getirtmeye kalk\u0131\u015fsan\u0131z uzun zamana gereksinme duyulacakt\u0131. Oysa el alt\u0131nda ve bo\u015f duran bir makine vard\u0131.”<\/p>\n

Gen\u00e7 Cumhuriyet’in \u2018g\u00f6zde’ gazetecisi, Mustafa Kemal’in en yak\u0131n\u0131ndaki isimlerden biri olan Yunus Nadi, 1924 senesinde ele ge\u00e7irdi\u011fi matbaa i\u00e7in bir miktar para \u00f6dedikten sonra \u00f6deme yapmam\u0131\u015f, \u00fcstelik devlete \u00f6dedi\u011fi paran\u0131n kendisine derhal verilmesini dahi talep etmi\u015fti. Zira makinelerin tesliminden k\u0131sa bir s\u00fcre sonra bilinmeyen bir sebeple yang\u0131n \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015f, \u00e7\u0131kan yang\u0131nda her nas\u0131l olmu\u015fsa matbaa makinelerinin demir aksamlar\u0131ndan dahi geriye en ufak bir iz bulunamam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Matosyan Matbaas\u0131’nda bulunan her t\u00fcrl\u00fc demirba\u015f ve ki\u015fisel e\u015fyay\u0131 sat\u0131\u015fa \u00e7\u0131karan Yunus Nadi, elde etti\u011fi ganimeti en ufak par\u00e7as\u0131na kadar de\u011ferlendirmi\u015f, hatta Matosyan’\u0131n k\u00fct\u00fcphanesindeki kitaplar\u0131 dahi Milli E\u011fitim Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131’na satm\u0131\u015f; sonras\u0131nda bu kitaplar Gazi E\u011fitim Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc’ne verilmi\u015ftir. D\u00f6nemin Tanin Gazetesi’nin verdi\u011fi haberde, Matosyan’\u0131n kitapl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n de\u011ferinin bile tek ba\u015f\u0131na, Yunus Nadi’nin Matosyan Matbaas\u0131 i\u00e7in devlete \u00f6demeyi taahh\u00fct etti\u011fi miktardan daha fazla oldu\u011funa dikkat \u00e7ekilmi\u015fti.<\/p>\n

D\u00f6neme ait tapu kay\u0131tlar\u0131n\u0131n 2005 y\u0131l\u0131nda, Tapu Kadastro Genel M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc’n\u00fcn T\u00fcrk\u00e7ele\u015ftirerek, bilgisayar ortam\u0131na aktarmak giri\u015fimi, Milli G\u00fcvenlik Kurulu Seferberlik ve Sava\u015f Haz\u0131rl\u0131klar\u0131 Planlama Daire Ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131’nca b\u00f6yle bir giri\u015fimin \u00fclke menfaatleri a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan sak\u0131ncal\u0131 oldu\u011funu belirtmesi ile, ba\u015far\u0131yla engellenilmi\u015ftir. \u0130ttihat\u00e7\u0131 yap\u0131lanma karanl\u0131k ge\u00e7mi\u015fini korumay\u0131 ba\u015farabilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

Osmanl\u0131’n\u0131n en \u00f6nemli matbaalar\u0131ndan biri olan Matosyan Matbaas\u0131 bug\u00fcn rejim bek\u00e7ili\u011fi yapan Cumhuriyet Gazetesi’ne \u00e7evrilirken, Kasapyan ailesinin el konulan evlerinden biri \u00c7ankaya K\u00f6\u015fk\u00fc’ne d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. K\u0131sacas\u0131 yeni kurulan Cumhuriyet, sadece Ermenilerin ac\u0131lar\u0131, kay\u0131plar\u0131 \u00fczerine de\u011fil, bizzat m\u00fclk\u00fc ve hakk\u0131 \u00fczerine de kurulmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n

Gaspa d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fen Emval-i Metruke kanunu sonras\u0131nda, Cumhuriyet’in temel ta\u015f\u0131 olan Ermeni Kapitali, gelecek y\u0131llarda Rum ve Musevi mallar\u0131yla birlikte, Varl\u0131k Vergisi ve 6-7 Eyl\u00fcl olaylar\u0131yla T\u00fcrkle\u015ftirilmeye devam etmi\u015ftir. 1974’te vak\u0131f mallar\u0131na el konulmas\u0131, ziyafetin son lokmas\u0131 olmu\u015ftur. Yakla\u015f\u0131k 100 y\u0131l sonra, Ermenilerin izi tamamen bu topraklardan silinmeye ramak kala, bug\u00fcn, Vak\u0131flar Kanunu’ndaki t\u00fcm sorunlara ra\u011fmen baz\u0131 \u00f6nemli ad\u0131mlar at\u0131lmakta, gasp\u00e7\u0131 ve inkarc\u0131 siyasetin yan\u0131nda \u201ckul hakk\u0131”ndan da yoksun \u0130ttihat\u00e7\u0131 yap\u0131la\u015fma ilk kez ma\u011flup olmakta…<\/p>\n

*Ermenistan’da ya\u015fayan ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131, yazar.<\/i><\/b><\/p>\n

http:\/\/www.zaman.com.tr\/yorum_matosyan-matbaasi-cumhuriyetin-emval-i-metruke-mirasi_2147721.html<\/i><\/b><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

ALIN OZINIAN* T\u00fcrkiye’de \u2018Ermeni’ alg\u0131s\u0131 her ne kadar \u0130ttihat\u00e7\u0131 refleksler, resmi tarih anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131, hatta d\u0131\u015f-i\u00e7 mihraklar sendromu \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde geli\u015fse de, bu topraklarda ya\u015fayan istisnas\u0131z herkesin duymu\u015f oldu\u011fu bir Ermeni hikayesi vard\u0131r… H\u00fck\u00fcmetler \u00fcst\u00fc bir devlet ajandas\u0131na s\u0131k\u0131\u015fan \u201cs\u00f6zde soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u201d ya da \u201cdiaspora sa\u00e7malar\u0131\u201d resmi tezi sebebiyle 1915, s\u00fcrekli \u201cvatana ihanet eden Ermenilerin s\u00fcr\u00fclmesi\u201d gibi etnik […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6,14,26],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-25979","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-ermeni-soykirimi","category-haberler","category-makaleler"],"yoast_head":"\nMatosyan Matbaas\u0131: Cumhuriyet\u2019in Emval-i Metruke miras\u0131 - Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/akunq.net\/turkish\/2013\/10\/07\/matosyan-matbaasi-cumhuriyetin-emval-i-metruke-mirasi\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Matosyan Matbaas\u0131: Cumhuriyet\u2019in Emval-i Metruke miras\u0131 - Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"ALIN OZINIAN* T\u00fcrkiye’de \u2018Ermeni’ alg\u0131s\u0131 her ne kadar \u0130ttihat\u00e7\u0131 refleksler, resmi tarih anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131, hatta d\u0131\u015f-i\u00e7 mihraklar sendromu \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde geli\u015fse de, bu topraklarda ya\u015fayan istisnas\u0131z herkesin duymu\u015f oldu\u011fu bir Ermeni hikayesi vard\u0131r… H\u00fck\u00fcmetler \u00fcst\u00fc bir devlet ajandas\u0131na s\u0131k\u0131\u015fan \u201cs\u00f6zde soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u201d ya da \u201cdiaspora sa\u00e7malar\u0131\u201d resmi tezi sebebiyle 1915, s\u00fcrekli \u201cvatana ihanet eden Ermenilerin s\u00fcr\u00fclmesi\u201d gibi etnik […]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/akunq.net\/turkish\/2013\/10\/07\/matosyan-matbaasi-cumhuriyetin-emval-i-metruke-mirasi\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2013-10-07T07:37:27+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/akunq.net\/turkish\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2013\/10\/ALIN-OZINIAN.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"229\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"220\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"kalem\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"kalem\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"6 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/akunq.net\/turkish\/2013\/10\/07\/matosyan-matbaasi-cumhuriyetin-emval-i-metruke-mirasi\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/akunq.net\/turkish\/2013\/10\/07\/matosyan-matbaasi-cumhuriyetin-emval-i-metruke-mirasi\/\",\"name\":\"Matosyan Matbaas\u0131: Cumhuriyet\u2019in Emval-i Metruke miras\u0131 - 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