{"id":25113,"date":"2013-08-21T02:12:27","date_gmt":"2013-08-21T07:12:27","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=25113"},"modified":"2013-08-21T02:12:27","modified_gmt":"2013-08-21T07:12:27","slug":"istanbul-rum-azinliginin-degismekte-olan-karakteri","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/turkish\/2013\/08\/21\/istanbul-rum-azinliginin-degismekte-olan-karakteri\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0130stanbul Rum Az\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131’n\u0131n De\u011fi\u015fmekte Olan Karakteri"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\u0130stanbul<\/a><\/span>Dimostenis Ya\u011fc\u0131o\u011flu<\/strong><\/p>\n

Atina’da, ge\u00e7ti\u011fimiz May\u0131s ay\u0131n\u0131n 25’inde, \u201c\u0130stanbul Rumlar\u0131n\u0131n Evrensel Federasyonu\u201d (OIOMK\u03a9) ile benim de y\u00f6netim kurulu \u00fcyesi oldu\u011fum \u201cBize G\u00f6re Do\u011fu’yu \u0130nceleme Cemiyeti\u201dnin (\u0395\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u039c\u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u039a\u03b1\u03b8’ \u0397\u03bc\u03ac\u03c2 \u0391\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03bb\u03ae\u03c2 \u2013 \u0395\u03a4\u039c\u0395\u039b\u0391\u039d) ortakla\u015fa d\u00fczenledi\u011fi \u00e7ok ilgin\u00e7 ve ayd\u0131nlat\u0131c\u0131 bir konferans ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti 1. \u201cBug\u00fcnk\u00fc \u0130stanbul\u201d ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 konferans\u0131n amac\u0131, Atinal\u0131lara, \u00f6zellikle de bu \u015fehirde ya\u015fayan T\u00fcrkiyeli Rum diyasporas\u0131yla \u0130stanbul’da i\u015f aramay\u0131 ve orada yerle\u015fmeyi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnen Yunanl\u0131lara, hem genel olarak \u0130stanbul’da ekonomi, bay\u0131nd\u0131rl\u0131k, \u015fehircilik ve k\u00fclt\u00fcr alanlar\u0131nda ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmekte olan b\u00fcy\u00fck de\u011fi\u015fimi, hem de \u00f6zel olarak \u0130stanbul Rum Az\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131’n\u0131n g\u00fcndelik ya\u015fam\u0131nda ve devletle ili\u015fkilerinde son y\u0131llarda meydana gelen geli\u015fmeleri anlatmakt\u0131.<\/p>\n

Konferansta bilinenden olduk\u00e7a farkl\u0131 bir \u0130stanbul Rum Cemaati portresi \u00e7izildi: Beni bile \u015fa\u015f\u0131rtan bir portre. Bug\u00fcnk\u00fc Rum Cemaati’nin, benim i\u00e7inde do\u011fup b\u00fcy\u00fcd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm cemaatten ger\u00e7ekten de \u00e7ok farkl\u0131 oldu\u011fu apa\u00e7\u0131k g\u00f6r\u00fclebiliyordu.<\/p>\n

\u00c7o\u011fu zaman etnik-din\u00ee az\u0131nl\u0131klar\u0131n \u00e7evresinde birbirine paralel iki muhayyel veya zihinsel duvar vard\u0131r. D\u0131\u015ftaki duvar\u0131, az\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u0131\u015flamak ve s\u0131n\u0131rlamak amac\u0131yla devlet ve \u00e7o\u011funluk \u00f6rm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. \u0130\u00e7teki duvar\u0131 ise, d\u0131\u015far\u0131dan gelecek tehlikelere kar\u015f\u0131 kendisini muhafaza etmek i\u00e7in az\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131n kendisi \u00f6rm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Bu duvarlar, az\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131n \u00e7evresi ile ili\u015fkilerini tamamen engellemez, ama zorla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r ve azalt\u0131r. \u0130ki duvarda da kap\u0131 ve pencereler vard\u0131r. \u00c7o\u011funluk-az\u0131nl\u0131k ve devlet-az\u0131nl\u0131k ili\u015fkilerinin gergin ve k\u00f6t\u00fc oldu\u011fu d\u00f6nemlerde bu kap\u0131 ve pencereler daha azd\u0131r ve daha seyrek a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131r. \u0130li\u015fkilerin d\u00fczeldi\u011fi ve gerginli\u011fin yerini yak\u0131nla\u015fman\u0131n ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00f6nemlerde ise duvarlara yeni ve daha geni\u015f kap\u0131 ve pencereler a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131r. Hatta bu duvarlar k\u0131smen y\u0131k\u0131labilir de. \u0130\u015fte \u015fimdi Rum az\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda bu duvarlar\u0131n k\u0131smen y\u0131k\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, y\u0131k\u0131lmam\u0131\u015f yerlerde de geni\u015f kap\u0131lar\u0131n ve pencerelerin a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, az\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131n \u00e7evresi ile \u00e7ok daha rahat bir ili\u015fki geli\u015ftirmi\u015f oldu\u011funu fark ediyoruz.<\/p>\n

G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz\u00fcn Rum cemaati, t\u0131pk\u0131 benim b\u00fcy\u00fcd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm d\u00f6nemdeki gibi, n\u00fcfus\u00e7a \u00e7ok k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck, birka\u00e7 bin ki\u015fiden olu\u015fan bir topluluk. Ama \u015fimdi \u00e7ok daha aktif, dinamik ve d\u0131\u015fa d\u00f6n\u00fck. Mesel\u00e2, k\u00fclt\u00fcrel alanda bizim zaman\u0131m\u0131zda hayal dahi edemeyece\u011fimiz say\u0131da ve s\u0131kl\u0131kta k\u00fclt\u00fcrel faaliyet ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmekte: Rum mimarlar ve Rum bas\u0131n\u0131n\u0131 tan\u0131tan sergiler, resim sergileri, \u00fcnl\u00fc Yunanl\u0131 yazar ve \u015fairlerin an\u0131s\u0131na okullarda d\u00fczenlenen festivaller, \u00fcnl\u00fc sanat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n davetli oldu\u011fu konserler d\u00fczenleniyor; Rum ve Yunan m\u00fczi\u011fini \u0130stanbullulara sevdirmeyi ama\u00e7layan \u00e7e\u015fitli gruplar faaliyet g\u00f6steriyor; Rum ve Yunan k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc tan\u0131tmay\u0131 ama\u00e7layan yeni bir yay\u0131nevi neredeyse kurulur kurulmaz \u0130stanbul’un yay\u0131n d\u00fcnyas\u0131nda sayg\u0131n bir yer ediniyor; eskiden korku ve yasaklamalar y\u00fcz\u00fcnden yap\u0131lamayan \u201cbaklahor\u00e1ni\u201d \u201ck\u00e1landa\u201d gibi baz\u0131 geleneksel k\u00fclt\u00fcrel etkinlikler art\u0131k serbest\u00e7e yap\u0131labiliyor. Rum az\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131, hem T\u00fcrkiye hem de Yunanistan toplumu ile eskisinden \u00e7ok daha etkili ve yo\u011fun bir ileti\u015fim i\u00e7inde.<\/p>\n

Devlet bir\u00e7ok alanda az\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131n haklar\u0131na eskisinden \u00e7ok daha fazla sayg\u0131 g\u00f6steriyor. Rum vak\u0131flar\u0131 kendilerinden gasp edilmi\u015f gayrimenkullerin bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 yava\u015f yava\u015f geri al\u0131yor. Genel olarak da bu vak\u0131flar gayrimenkullerini eskisine oranla \u00e7ok daha serbest bir bi\u00e7imde de\u011ferledirebildi\u011finden ekonomik a\u00e7\u0131dan belli bir rahatl\u0131\u011fa kavu\u015fmu\u015f durumda. Son birka\u00e7 y\u0131l i\u00e7inde d\u00fczenlenmi\u015f se\u00e7imler sayesinde vak\u0131flar, biri d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda, art\u0131k cemaatin g\u00f6z\u00fcnde tam bir me\u015fr\u00fbiyete sahip y\u00f6neticiler taraf\u0131ndan y\u00f6netiliyor.<\/p>\n

E\u011fitimde ise, bizim \u00f6\u011frencili\u011fimizde ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z, Rum \u00f6\u011fretmenlerin tayin olamamas\u0131, kontenjan \u00f6\u011fretmenlerin \u00e7ok ge\u00e7 gelmesi, baz\u0131 y\u0131llar hi\u00e7 gelmemesi, Yunanistan’dan gelen kitaplar\u0131n bakanl\u0131k\u00e7a onaylanmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in okullara da\u011f\u0131t\u0131lamamas\u0131 gibi sorunlar art\u0131k ge\u00e7mi\u015fte kalm\u0131\u015f g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcyor. Ama \u00f6\u011frenci say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n azl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan ve az\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131n kendi yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n de\u011fi\u015fiyor olmas\u0131ndan kaynaklanan ciddi sorunlar var.<\/p>\n

Konferansta, Atina \u00dcniversitesi T\u00fcrk ve \u00c7a\u011fda\u015f Asya Et\u00fctleri B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc \u00f6\u011fretim g\u00f6revlisi Say\u0131n Rika Rombopoulou’nun \u0130stanbul Rum Az\u0131nl\u0131k e\u011fitimin bug\u00fcnk\u00fc durumunu ve sorunlar\u0131n\u0131 tasvir eden sunumu 2, belki de en \u00e7arp\u0131c\u0131 bilgileri i\u00e7eriyordu. Sadece e\u011fitimden de\u011fil, bu cemaatin benim \u00e7ocuklu\u011fumdan bu yana olduk\u00e7a de\u011fi\u015fmi\u015f ve de\u011fi\u015fmeye devam eden etnok\u00fclt\u00fcrel bile\u015fiminden de s\u00f6z ediyordu Say\u0131n Rombopoulou.<\/p>\n

Az\u0131nl\u0131k e\u011fitiminin Yunanca aya\u011f\u0131n\u0131n en ciddi sorunlar\u0131, \u00f6\u011frencilerin Yunanca bilgi d\u00fczeyi birbirinden \u00e7ok farkl\u0131 birka\u00e7 etnok\u00fclt\u00fcrel gruptan m\u00fcte\u015fekkil olmas\u0131ndan kaynaklan\u0131yor. Say\u0131n Rombopoulou\u2019nun verdi\u011fi bilgiye g\u00f6re, 2012-2013 e\u011fitim-\u00f6\u011fretim y\u0131l\u0131nda Rum Az\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n faal durumdaki ilk ve orta\u00f6\u011fretim kurumlar\u0131nda (1 anaokulu, 3 ilkokul, 3 ortaokul-lise) toplam 207 \u00f6\u011frenci okuyordu. Bu 207 \u00f6\u011frenciden, ana dili Yunanca\/Rumca olan T. C. vatanda\u015f\u0131 \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n, yani \u201ceski Rum\u201d diye niteleyebilece\u011fimiz ailelerin \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n\u0131n say\u0131s\u0131 62. Yine ana dili Yunanca olan, Yunanistan vatanda\u015f\u0131 ve \u0130stanbul’daki Yunan Konsoloslu\u011fundaki memurlar\u0131n ve Rum okullar\u0131ndaki kontenjan \u00f6\u011fretmenlerinin \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n\u0131n say\u0131s\u0131 12. Ana dili Arap\u00e7a olan ve Hatay’dan, Antakya civar\u0131ndan, \u0130stanbul’a gelip yerle\u015fmi\u015f Rum Ortodoks ailelerin \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n\u0131n say\u0131s\u0131 101. Bir de karma eviliklerden do\u011fan \u00e7ocuklar var; ana dili Yunanca ya da T\u00fcrk\u00e7e olan ama anne ve baban\u0131n birbirleriyle daha \u00e7ok T\u00fcrk\u00e7e konu\u015farak anla\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 evlerden gelen bu \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n say\u0131s\u0131 ise 32. Yani k\u00fclt\u00fcrel a\u00e7\u0131dan birbirinden bir hayli farkl\u0131, fakat ayn\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131fta, ayn\u0131 kitap ve e\u011fitsel materyallerle Yunanca \u00f6\u011frenmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan d\u00f6rt \u00f6\u011frenci grubu var Rum okullar\u0131nda. Bu durum \u00f6\u011fretmenlerin i\u015fini \u00e7ok zorla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

Antakyal\u0131 Rum-Ortodoks \u00e7ocuklar\u0131 i\u00e7in Yunanca, okulda \u00f6\u011frendikleri ve \u00e7o\u011funun g\u00fcndelik hayatlar\u0131nda pek kullanmad\u0131klar\u0131 bir \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc dil. Karma evliliklerin \u00e7ocuklar\u0131 ise evde\u00a0 ebeveynlerinden biriyle belki Yunanca\/Rumca konu\u015fuyorlar, ancak asl\u0131nda onlar\u0131n g\u00fcndelik dili T\u00fcrk\u00e7e. \u201cEski Rum\u201d ailelerin \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n\u0131n da T\u00fcrk\u00e7e’yi gittik\u00e7e daha fazla konu\u015ftuklar\u0131 g\u00f6zleniyor. Yunanca, sadece Yunanl\u0131 ailelerin \u00e7ocuklar\u0131nda bask\u0131n dil durumunda. Genel olarak Yunanca’n\u0131n az\u0131nl\u0131k \u00e7ocuklar\u0131 i\u00e7in pratik ve i\u015flevsel \u00f6nemi gittik\u00e7e azalmakta.<\/p>\n

Okullar Yunanca’y\u0131 daha cazip k\u0131lmak i\u00e7in, Yunanistan’\u0131n e\u011fitim ve k\u00fclt\u00fcr kurumlar\u0131yla son y\u0131llarda artan ili\u015fkilerden ve \u0130stanbul’da az\u0131nl\u0131klar i\u00e7in sa\u011flanm\u0131\u015f nispeten daha \u00f6zg\u00fcr ortamdan yararlanarak \u00e7e\u015fitli etkinlikler organize ediyorlar. \u00d6\u011fretmenler farkl\u0131 bilgi d\u00fczeyindeki \u00f6\u011frencilerin ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131na cevap vermek i\u00e7in kendilerini e\u011fitmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yorlar. Bildi\u011fim kadar\u0131yla bu konuda bir-iki hizmet i\u00e7i e\u011fitim semineri de d\u00fczenlendi. Ama bunlar Yunanca’n\u0131n gerileme trendini durdurmaya yetmiyor. 2009 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar Yunanistan’a gidip yerle\u015fme, orada i\u015f bulma arzusu baz\u0131 \u00f6\u011frencilerde Yunanca \u00f6\u011frenmek i\u00e7in bir motivasyon yarat\u0131yordu. Yunanistan’\u0131n ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00e7ok derin ekonomik kriz y\u00fcz\u00fcnden art\u0131k oraya gidip yerle\u015fmeyi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnen pek kimse kalmad\u0131.<\/p>\n

Rum okullar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6\u011frenci n\u00fcfusunda g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm\u00fcz bu d\u00f6rt grup, asl\u0131nda \u0130stanbul Rum cemaatinin de \u015fu andaki etnik bile\u015fenlerini olu\u015fturuyor. Rum Ortodoks cemaati,\u00a0
\n(1)\u00a0 ana dili Rumca olan, T.C. vatanda\u015f\u0131, en az d\u00f6rt be\u015f ku\u015fakt\u0131r \u0130stanbul’da ya\u015fayan \u201ceski Rumlar\u201ddan,
\n(2)\u00a0 son yirmi-otuz y\u0131l i\u00e7inde Antakya civar\u0131ndan \u0130stanbul’a g\u00f6\u00e7 edip yerle\u015fmi\u015f, ana dili Arap\u00e7a olan \u201cAntakyal\u0131 Rumlar\u201ddan,\u00a0
\n(3)\u00a0 Rum olmayan biriyle (daha \u00e7ok bir M\u00fcsl\u00fcman\/T\u00fcrk veya bir Ermeniyle) evlenmi\u015f olanlardan ve bunlar\u0131n \u00e7ocuklar\u0131ndan,\u00a0
\nve son olarak da\u00a0
\n(4)\u00a0 Yunanistan’dan \u0130stanbul’a gelip yerle\u015fen Yunanl\u0131lardan olu\u015fuyor.<\/p>\n

Gruplardan en yenisi bu d\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fcs\u00fc. \u0130stanbul’daki Yunanl\u0131lar\u0131n birka\u00e7 y\u00fcz oldu\u011fu tahmin ediliyor, ama say\u0131lar\u0131 gittik\u00e7e \u00e7o\u011fal\u0131yor. Yunanistan’daki krizden \u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fc \u0130stanbul’a iyi bir i\u015f ve daha m\u00fcreffeh bir hayat i\u00e7in yerle\u015fen Yunanl\u0131lar\u0131n say\u0131s\u0131nda bir art\u0131\u015f g\u00f6zlemleniyor. Yunanistan’dan geri d\u00f6nen Rumlar\u0131 veya \u0130stanbul’u terk etmek zorunda kalm\u0131\u015f Rumlar\u0131n anne-babalar\u0131n\u0131n \u015fehrine yerle\u015fmeye karar veren \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n\u0131 da belki bu gruba katabiliriz, ama bunlar\u0131n say\u0131s\u0131 (\u015fimdilik) \u00e7ok az. \u0130stanbul’a yeni yerle\u015fmi\u015f Yunanl\u0131lar hen\u00fcz Rum cemaatine tam entegre olmu\u015f ya da eklemlenmi\u015f de\u011filler. Bunun sebeplerinden biri \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n\u0131 Rum okullar\u0131na tam \u00f6\u011frenci olarak kaydedememeleri. Yunanistan vatanda\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7ocuklar\u0131 Rum okullar\u0131na sadece misafir \u00f6\u011frenci olarak kaydolabiliyorlar ve ne karne ne de diploma alabiliyorlar. Genel olarak daha at\u0131lgan ve aktif insanlardan olu\u015fan bu yeni grubun, Rum cemaatine eklemlendik\u00e7e, cemaate da dinamizm kazand\u0131raca\u011f\u0131 \u00fcmit ediliyor.<\/p>\n

\u0130stanbul Rum Az\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131’na dinamizm kazand\u0131ran bir ba\u015fka grup, Antakyal\u0131 Rum Ortodokslar. Bir\u00e7ok Rum kilisesi ve okulu hala a\u00e7\u0131k ve faal olmas\u0131n\u0131 bu gruba bor\u00e7lu. Say\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n bin-iki bin civar\u0131nda oldu\u011fu tahmin ediliyor. Benim \u00e7ocuklu\u011fumda say\u0131lar\u0131 \u00e7ok azd\u0131. Son otuz y\u0131lda ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen g\u00f6\u00e7lerle \u0130stanbul’daki say\u0131lar\u0131 ve Rum cemaati i\u00e7indeki oranlar\u0131 artt\u0131. Hatay’daki Rum Ortokslardan \u0130stanbul’a g\u00f6\u00e7 edeceklerin etti\u011fi, art\u0131k oradan yeni g\u00f6\u00e7ler beklenmemesi gerekti\u011fi s\u00f6yleniyor 3. Zaten Hatay’da ya\u015fayan Rum Ortodokslar\u0131n say\u0131s\u0131 da birka\u00e7 bini ge\u00e7miyor. Yunanistan’a gidip yerle\u015fmek, \u0130stanbul’da ya\u015fayan Antakyal\u0131 Rumlar\u0131n bir k\u0131sm\u0131 i\u00e7in bir ara cazip bir se\u00e7enekti, ama art\u0131k de\u011fil. Do\u011fal olarak bu grubun Yunanistan’la olan k\u00fclt\u00fcrel, tarihi, ailevi ba\u011flar\u0131 \u201ceski Rumlar\u201d\u0131nki gibi g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc ve \u00f6nemli de\u011fil. Fakat Rum Ortodoks kilisesine ve Patrikhaneye \u00e7ok ba\u011fl\u0131lar.<\/p>\n

Benim ailemin de mensup oldu\u011fu ve \u201ceski Rumlar\u201d diye niteledi\u011fim, yani ana dili Yunanca\/Rumca olan T\u00fcrkiye vatanda\u015flar\u0131 Rumlardan olu\u015fan grup, art\u0131k \u0130stanbul Rum cemaati i\u00e7inde bir az\u0131nl\u0131k durumundalar. Ve bu grupta ya\u015fl\u0131lar\u0131n oran\u0131 \u00e7ok b\u00fcy\u00fck.<\/p>\n

Cemaatin fazla vurgulanmayan ama \u00f6nemi giderek artan bir ba\u015fka grubunu cemaat d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndan biriyle evlenenler ve bunlar\u0131n \u00e7ocuklar\u0131 olu\u015fturuyor. Karma evilikler, daha \u00e7ok Rumlarla Ermeniler aras\u0131nda, benim \u00e7ocuklu\u011fumda da vard\u0131, ama az say\u0131dayd\u0131. Bir Rumun bir M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanla, bir T\u00fcrkle evlenmesi cemaatte tasvip edilmiyordu. B\u00f6yle bir evlilik yapanlar her zaman de\u011fil, ama \u00e7o\u011fu zaman cemaatten d\u0131\u015flan\u0131yorlar, ya da kendileri cemaatten kopuyorlard\u0131. Anla\u015f\u0131l\u0131yor ki karma evliliklere Rum cemaati g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde daha bir anlay\u0131\u015fla ve ho\u015fg\u00f6r\u00fcyle yakla\u015f\u0131yor. Cemaat d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndan bir H\u0131ristiyanla, mesel\u00e2 bir Ermeni veya bir Katolikle yap\u0131lan evliliklerse art\u0131k normal kar\u015f\u0131lan\u0131yor. \u0130stanbullu Rum gazeteci-yazarlardan Aris Abac\u0131 (Abatzis), 2005 y\u0131l\u0131nda yay\u0131mlanan \u039c\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03b1\u03c1\u03c9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03a1\u03c9\u03bc\u03b9\u03bf\u03c3\u03cd\u03bd\u03b7 isimli kitab\u0131nda 4 karma evliliklere dair \u015fa\u015f\u0131rt\u0131c\u0131 bilgi ve istatistikler veriyor: 1992-2004 y\u0131llar\u0131nda Rumlar\u0131n yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 evliliklerin %61.5’ini karma evilikler olu\u015fturuyormu\u015f. Yani bu oniki y\u0131l i\u00e7inde evlenen Rumlar\u0131n %61.5’i Rum olmayan biriyle evlenmi\u015f. Bu karma evliliklerin \u00e7o\u011fu (M\u00fcsl\u00fcman\/Laik) T\u00fcrkler ve Ermenilerle ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmi\u015f. 2004 y\u0131l\u0131ndan g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze kadar da karma evliliklerin bu y\u00fcksek oran\u0131 korudu\u011fu tahmin ediliyor. Karma evlilikler ger\u00e7i Rumlar\u0131n bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131n cemaatten kopmas\u0131na neden olabiliyor, ama \u00f6te yandan iki veya \u00e7ok k\u00fclt\u00fcrl\u00fc insanlardan m\u00fcte\u015fekkil yeni bir grubun k\u0131smen ya da tamamen cemaate eklemlenmesine de yol a\u00e7\u0131yor. Bu gruba mensup insanlar i\u00e7in Yunanca’n\u0131n belki sembolik bir \u00f6nemi var, ama \u00e7o\u011fu i\u00e7in Yunanca ana ve ev dili bile de\u011fil.<\/p>\n

Sonu\u00e7 itibar\u0131yla, bug\u00fcnk\u00fc \u0130stanbul Rum Cemaati benim \u00e7ocuklu\u011fumun Rum cemaatinden say\u0131ca biraz daha k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck, ama \u00e7ok daha heterojen. Art\u0131k \u00e7okk\u00fclt\u00fcrl\u00fc bir yap\u0131s\u0131 var. Ben, daha homojen ve ulusal bir az\u0131nl\u0131k niteli\u011fine sahip, Yunancan\u0131n ve Yunan k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn i\u015flevsel a\u00e7\u0131dan \u00e7ok daha \u00f6nemli oldu\u011fu bir cemaatte b\u00fcy\u00fcd\u00fcm. \u015eimdi g\u00f6r\u00fcnen o ki az\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131n farkl\u0131 gruplar\u0131n\u0131 birle\u015ftiren tek \u00f6zellik ortak din. Yunanca h\u00e2l\u00e2 az\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131n dili, ama bu dilin rol\u00fc gittik\u00e7e sembolik hale geliyor. Ve hi\u00e7 ku\u015fku yok ki az\u0131nl\u0131k h\u0131zla de\u011fi\u015fmeye devam ediyor.<\/p>\n

\u015eunu kesin olarak s\u00f6yleyebiliriz: Bundan yirmi y\u0131l \u00f6ncesine kadar Rumlar kelaynak ku\u015flar\u0131na benzetilir, onlara yok olmaya y\u00fcz tutmu\u015f bir topluluk g\u00f6z\u00fcyle bak\u0131l\u0131rd\u0131. Bu art\u0131k ge\u00e7erli de\u011fil. Rumlar art\u0131k \u00e7ok daha dinamik, daha aktif, farkl\u0131 g\u00f6\u00e7lerle n\u00fcfusunu pek art\u0131rmasa da koruyan ve gelece\u011fe \u00fcmitle bakan bir topluluk. Yak\u0131n gelecekte, \u00f6rne\u011fin bundan yirmi y\u0131l sonra, Rum az\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n \u015fimdikinden \u00e7ok farkl\u0131 \u00f6zellikleri, muhtemelen farkl\u0131 avantajlar\u0131 ve farkl\u0131 sorunlar\u0131 olacak. Bizim bildi\u011fimizden \u00e7ok farkl\u0131 bir Rum cemaati olacak, ama cemaat varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrmeye devam edecek.<\/p>\n

1:<\/i><\/strong>\u00a0<\/i>\u201c\u0397 \u03a3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bd\u03ae \u039a\u03c9\u03bd\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03bd\u03bf\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b7\u201d: \u03a3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03cc\u03c3\u03b9\u03bf \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03bd\u03ce\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b7 \u039f\u0399\u039f\u039c\u039a\u03a9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u0395\u03a4\u039c\u0395\u039b\u0391\u039d. \u03a3\u03ac\u03b2\u03b2\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf 25 \u039c\u03b1\u0390\u03bf\u03c5 2013, \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03a0\u03bd\u03b5\u03c5\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u039a\u03ad\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf \u039a\u03c9\u03bd\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd, \u0394. \u03a3\u03bf\u03cd\u03c4\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5 46, \u0391\u03bc\u03c0\u03b5\u03bb\u03cc\u03ba\u03b7\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9, \u0391\u03b8\u03ae\u03bd\u03b1.\u00a0<\/i>http:\/\/etmelan.gr\/?p=738<\/i><\/a><\/p>\n

2:<\/i><\/strong>\u00a0<\/i>\u03a1\u03af\u03ba\u03b1 \u03a1\u03bf\u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03cd\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5, \u201c\u0397 \u039f\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ae \u03a0\u03b1\u03b9\u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u201d. \u0395\u03b9\u03c3\u03ae\u03b3\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7-\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03b4\u03b1 \u201c\u0397 \u03a3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bd\u03ae \u039a\u03c9\u03bd\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03bd\u03bf\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b7\u201d \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03bd\u03ce\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u039f\u0399\u039f\u039c\u039a\u03a9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u0395\u03a4\u039c\u0395\u039b\u0391\u039d \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 25 \u039c\u03b1\u0390\u03bf\u03c5 2013, \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u0391\u03b8\u03ae\u03bd\u03b1.<\/i><\/p>\n

3:<\/i><\/strong>\u00a0<\/i>\u0386\u03bd\u03bd\u03b1 \u0391\u03bd\u03b4\u03c1\u03ad\u03bf\u03c5. \u201c\u0395\u03b4\u03ce \u039a\u03c9\u03bd\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03bd\u03bf\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b7: SOS \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c7\u03bf\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03a0\u03cc\u03bb\u03b7\u03c2\u201d \u03a4\u03b1 \u039d\u03ad\u03b1, 30-31 \u039f\u03ba\u03c4. 2010, \u03c3. 35.<\/i><\/p>\n

4:<\/i><\/strong>\u00a0<\/i>\u0386\u03c1\u03b7\u03c2 \u0391\u03bc\u03c0\u03b1\u03c4\u03b6\u03ae\u03c2, (2005) \u039c\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03b1\u03c1\u03c9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03a1\u03c9\u03bc\u03b9\u03bf\u03c3\u03cd\u03bd\u03b7: \u039f\u03b9 \u0388\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u039a\u03c9\u03bd\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03bd\u03bf\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b7\u03c2.<\/i>
\n\u0391\u03b8\u03ae\u03bd\u03b1: \u0395\u03ba\u03b4. \u039b\u03b9\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03b7, \u03c3\u03c3. 144-145.<\/i><\/p>\n

http:\/\/www.azinlikca.net\/dimostenis-yagcioglu\/istanbul-rum-azinligi-nin-degismekte-olan-kaderi-dimo-yagcioglu-azinlikca75.html<\/i><\/b><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Dimostenis Ya\u011fc\u0131o\u011flu Atina’da, ge\u00e7ti\u011fimiz May\u0131s ay\u0131n\u0131n 25’inde, \u201c\u0130stanbul Rumlar\u0131n\u0131n Evrensel Federasyonu\u201d (OIOMK\u03a9) ile benim de y\u00f6netim kurulu \u00fcyesi oldu\u011fum \u201cBize G\u00f6re Do\u011fu’yu \u0130nceleme Cemiyeti\u201dnin (\u0395\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u039c\u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u039a\u03b1\u03b8’ \u0397\u03bc\u03ac\u03c2 \u0391\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03bb\u03ae\u03c2 \u2013 \u0395\u03a4\u039c\u0395\u039b\u0391\u039d) ortakla\u015fa d\u00fczenledi\u011fi \u00e7ok ilgin\u00e7 ve ayd\u0131nlat\u0131c\u0131 bir konferans ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti 1. \u201cBug\u00fcnk\u00fc \u0130stanbul\u201d ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 konferans\u0131n amac\u0131, Atinal\u0131lara, \u00f6zellikle de bu \u015fehirde ya\u015fayan T\u00fcrkiyeli Rum […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[14,65,26,42],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-25113","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-haberler","category-istanbul","category-makaleler","category-turkiyede-azinliklar"],"yoast_head":"\n\u0130stanbul Rum Az\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131'n\u0131n De\u011fi\u015fmekte Olan Karakteri - Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/akunq.net\/turkish\/2013\/08\/21\/istanbul-rum-azinliginin-degismekte-olan-karakteri\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\u0130stanbul Rum Az\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131'n\u0131n De\u011fi\u015fmekte Olan Karakteri - Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Dimostenis Ya\u011fc\u0131o\u011flu Atina’da, ge\u00e7ti\u011fimiz May\u0131s ay\u0131n\u0131n 25’inde, \u201c\u0130stanbul Rumlar\u0131n\u0131n Evrensel Federasyonu\u201d (OIOMK\u03a9) ile benim de y\u00f6netim kurulu \u00fcyesi oldu\u011fum \u201cBize G\u00f6re Do\u011fu’yu \u0130nceleme Cemiyeti\u201dnin (\u0395\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u039c\u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u039a\u03b1\u03b8’ \u0397\u03bc\u03ac\u03c2 \u0391\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03bb\u03ae\u03c2 \u2013 \u0395\u03a4\u039c\u0395\u039b\u0391\u039d) ortakla\u015fa d\u00fczenledi\u011fi \u00e7ok ilgin\u00e7 ve ayd\u0131nlat\u0131c\u0131 bir konferans ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti 1. \u201cBug\u00fcnk\u00fc \u0130stanbul\u201d ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 konferans\u0131n amac\u0131, Atinal\u0131lara, \u00f6zellikle de bu \u015fehirde ya\u015fayan T\u00fcrkiyeli Rum […]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/akunq.net\/turkish\/2013\/08\/21\/istanbul-rum-azinliginin-degismekte-olan-karakteri\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2013-08-21T07:12:27+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"kalem\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"kalem\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"11 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/akunq.net\/turkish\/2013\/08\/21\/istanbul-rum-azinliginin-degismekte-olan-karakteri\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/akunq.net\/turkish\/2013\/08\/21\/istanbul-rum-azinliginin-degismekte-olan-karakteri\/\",\"name\":\"\u0130stanbul Rum Az\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131'n\u0131n De\u011fi\u015fmekte Olan Karakteri - 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