{"id":24315,"date":"2013-06-27T04:01:35","date_gmt":"2013-06-27T09:01:35","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=24315"},"modified":"2013-06-27T04:01:35","modified_gmt":"2013-06-27T09:01:35","slug":"osman-koker-soykirim-anadoluya-ne-kaybettirdi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/turkish\/2013\/06\/27\/osman-koker-soykirim-anadoluya-ne-kaybettirdi\/","title":{"rendered":"Osman K\u00f6ker: Soyk\u0131r\u0131m Anadolu\u2019ya ne kaybettirdi?"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u00a0\"Osman<\/a><\/i><\/strong>Yay\u0131nc\u0131 Osman K\u00f6ker\u2019le soyk\u0131r\u0131m \u00f6ncesi Anadolu\u2019da Ermenilerin sosyal, k\u00fclt\u00fcrel ve ekonomik hayattaki rollerini ve soyk\u0131r\u0131m sonras\u0131 Anadolu\u2019nun kaybettiklerini konu\u015ftuk.<\/i><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/strong>EK\u0130N KARACA \u2013 <\/strong>bianet.org<\/b><\/a><\/p>\n

Birzamanlar Yay\u0131nc\u0131l\u0131k\u2019\u0131n kurucusu ve yay\u0131n y\u00f6netmeni\u00a0Osman K\u00f6ker<\/strong>\u2019le\u00a0\u201cTarihe Yolculuk: Orlando Carlo Calumeno Koleksiyonu\u2019ndan Kartpostallar ve Objelerle 20. Y\u00fczy\u0131l Ba\u015f\u0131nda Ermeniler\u201d<\/em>\u00a0sergisinin ard\u0131ndan soyk\u0131r\u0131m \u00f6ncesi Anadolu\u2019da Ermenilerin sosyal k\u00fclt\u00fcrel ve ekonomik hayattaki rollerini konu\u015ftuk.<\/p>\n

Ermenilerin 1910\u2019lar\u0131n ba\u015flar\u0131nda g\u00fcnl\u00fck hayattaki rollerine dikkat \u00e7eken K\u00f6ker, Diyarbak\u0131r, Sivas ve daha pek \u00e7ok yerle\u015fim merkezinde sosyal ve ekonomik hayat\u0131n 1910\u2019lar\u0131n ba\u015flar\u0131nda 1970\u2019lere g\u00f6re daha iyi seviyede olmas\u0131na vurgu yap\u0131yor ve Erzurum mebusu Hoca Raif Efendi\u2019nin an\u0131lar\u0131na g\u00f6nderme yap\u0131yor:<\/p>\n

\u201cErmeniler gittikten sonra \u015fehirde \u00e7e\u015fmelerin muslu\u011funu tamir edecek tek bir usta kalmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131.\u201d<\/b><\/p>\n

\u201cMu\u011fla ve K\u0131rklareli d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda her yerde Ermeniler vard\u0131\u201d<\/strong><\/h5>\n

24 Nisan 1915 \u00f6ncesi Ermenilerin Anadolu\u2019daki n\u00fcfusu ve genel n\u00fcfusa oran\u0131 nas\u0131ld\u0131? Bug\u00fcn ka\u00e7 Ermeni kald\u0131?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Sava\u015f \u00f6ncesi son Osmanl\u0131 resmi n\u00fcfus verileri 1914 y\u0131l\u0131na ait. Tam bir n\u00fcfus say\u0131m\u0131 de\u011fildi bu, 1906-1907 say\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n g\u00fcncellenmesi niteli\u011findeydi. Ama sava\u015f \u00f6ncesi son durumu vermesi ve kaza baz\u0131na kadar inen verilerinin yay\u0131nlanm\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan en i\u015fe yarar kaynak oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yleyebiliriz. Osmanl\u0131da n\u00fcfus, millet sistemine uygun olarak say\u0131l\u0131rd\u0131. \u201cErmeni\u201d olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lan, ana Ermeni kilisesine yani Apostolik ya da Gregoryan kilisesine ba\u011fl\u0131 Ermeniler 1 milyon 161 bin 169 ki\u015fi g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcyor. Ermeni Katolikler 67 bin 838, \u00e7ok b\u00fcy\u00fck k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131n Ermeni oldu\u011funu bildi\u011fimiz Protestanlar ise 65 bin 844.<\/p>\n

\u00a0Toplam olarak 1 milyon 300 bine yak\u0131n bir rakam ediyor. Talat Pa\u015fa bir yerde \u201cBizde Ermeni n\u00fcfusu y\u00fczde 10 eksik say\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u201d der. Bunu da dikkate al\u0131rsak bir bu\u00e7uk milyona yakla\u015f\u0131r ki, bu rakam toplam n\u00fcfusun y\u00fczde 10\u2019undan azd\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

Eski Ermeni patriklerinden Ma\u011fakya Ormanyan\u2019\u0131n 1911\u2019de yay\u0131nlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 Ermeni kilisesi kay\u0131tlar\u0131na g\u00f6re ise 1 milyon 700 bin kadar Apostolik, 76 bin kadar Ermeni Katolik, 42 bin Protestan vard\u0131.<\/p>\n

1965\u2019ten beri n\u00fcfus say\u0131mlar\u0131nda n\u00fcfusun etnik ve dinsel bile\u015fimini anlamam\u0131z\u0131 sa\u011flayacak sorular\u0131n sorulmas\u0131 ya da yay\u0131nlanmas\u0131 yasak oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in bug\u00fcn ka\u00e7 Ermeni kald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 resmi n\u00fcfus verilerine g\u00f6re vermemiz m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fil. \u00c7e\u015fitli ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar ve Ermeni \u00e7evreleri 60 bin gibi bir rakam vermekte. Halbuki, ge\u00e7mi\u015fteki oran muhafaza edilmi\u015f olsayd\u0131 7 milyon kadar Ermeni ya\u015f\u0131yor olacakt\u0131. Rakamlar\u0131 yuvarlayarak s\u00f6ylersek Ermeni n\u00fcfusu y\u00fczde 9\u2019dan on binde 9\u2019a d\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015f durumda.<\/p>\n

N\u00fcfusun yay\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131 nas\u0131ld\u0131? Bug\u00fcn T\u00fcrkiye olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lan topraklar\u0131n tamam\u0131nda Ermeni topluluklar\u0131n\u0131n varl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan s\u00f6z edebilir miyiz?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Bu n\u00fcfus T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin hemen her taraf\u0131na yay\u0131lm\u0131\u015f durumdayd\u0131. Sadece Mu\u011fla \u00e7evresinde ve K\u0131rklareli\u2019nde pek Ermeni\u2019ye rastlanmaz. Trakya\u2019n\u0131n di\u011fer \u015fehir ve kasabalar\u0131nda, Ege sahillerinde, \u0130\u00e7 Ege\u2019de, Orta Anadolu\u2019daki hemen b\u00fct\u00fcn kasabalarda Ermeni halk\u0131n\u0131n varl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan s\u00f6z edebiliriz. Karadeniz k\u0131y\u0131lar\u0131nda Samsun\u2019dan Rize\u2019ye kadar olan hat \u00fczerindeki \u015fehir ve kasabalarda Ermeni kilisesi ve okulunun olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 hi\u00e7bir kasaba yoktu.<\/p>\n

Do\u011fu\u2019da yer yer n\u00fcfusun tamam\u0131n\u0131 Ermenilerin olu\u015fturdu\u011fu kasaba ve k\u00f6yler vard\u0131. Silifke\u2019den ba\u015flayarak Hakkari\u2019ye kadar uzanan b\u00fct\u00fcn g\u00fcney ve g\u00fcneydo\u011fuda da \u00f6nemli Ermeni cemaatleri vard\u0131. Bat\u0131da Ermenilerin \u015fa\u015f\u0131lacak \u015fekilde yo\u011fun oldu\u011fu bir b\u00f6lge de G\u00fcney Marmara havzas\u0131yd\u0131, \u00f6zellikle Bursa-\u0130zmit aras\u0131. Ermeniler burada sadece \u015fehir ve kasabalarda ya\u015fam\u0131yordu, b\u00f6lgede 50 kadar da Ermeni k\u00f6y\u00fc bulunuyordu.<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u201cBaz\u0131 merkezler 1970\u2019lere oranla daha ileriydi\u201d<\/strong><\/h5>\n

Ermenilerin sosyal-k\u00fclt\u00fcrel ve ekonomik hayattaki yerleri neydi? Ermenilerin soyk\u0131r\u0131ma u\u011framas\u0131 Anadolu\u2019ya ne kaybettirdi?<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

Bir\u00e7ok yerde belli sekt\u00f6rler bu insanlar\u0131n ellerinde. Mesela \u0130zmir\u2019de hal\u0131 ve kilim dokuman\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra kuma\u015f dokuma i\u015fi de Ermenilerin elinde. Bat\u0131 Anadolu\u2019daki Ermeni topluluklar\u0131n\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131n k\u00f6keni \u0130ran. Gelirken hal\u0131, kilim dokuma sanat\u0131n\u0131 da getirmi\u015fler. \u0130zmir\u2019deki Ermenilerin yurtd\u0131\u015f\u0131yla da ili\u015fkileri var. Mesela Manchester\u2019daki dokumac\u0131lar da Ermeni. Orada dokunuyor, burada basma bas\u0131l\u0131yor, burada dokunuyor orada sat\u0131l\u0131yor. B\u00f6yle bir girift ili\u015fki var. Osmanl\u0131\u2019n\u0131n d\u0131\u015fa a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131nda, ithalat ve ihracatta Ermenilerin ciddi paylar\u0131 var.<\/p>\n

\u0130zmir\u2019de kuru incir ve kuru \u00fcz\u00fcm \u00f6nemli sekt\u00f6rlerden biri. Eski\u015fehir\u2019de l\u00fcleta\u015f\u0131, Bursa\u2019da ipek\u00e7ilik \u00f6nemli. Bunlar\u0131n hepsinde Ermeniler etkin.<\/p>\n

Bursa-Yalova aras\u0131nda \u00c7engiler diye bir k\u00f6y var, \u015fimdiki ad\u0131 Sug\u00f6ren. 5 bini a\u015fk\u0131n bir n\u00fcfusu var k\u00f6y\u00fcn. Zeytincilik ba\u015fl\u0131ca tar\u0131msal faaliyet ama demircilik, dericilik, bak\u0131rc\u0131l\u0131k, kalayc\u0131l\u0131k, kuyumculuk gibi zanaat dallar\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra ipek\u00e7ilik de \u00e7ok geli\u015fkin. Y\u00fczlerce ki\u015finin \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 dokuma tezg\u00e2hlar\u0131 var.<\/p>\n

K\u00f6yde kurulmu\u015f olan kooperatifin Lyon\u2019da da \u015fubesi vard\u0131. Kooperatif arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla Marsilya, Lyon, Milano ve Londra\u2019ya ipek ihra\u00e7 ediyorlard\u0131. Bu sadece bir k\u00f6y. \u00d6zellikle \u0130znik g\u00f6l\u00fcn\u00fcn kuzey taraf\u0131nda bu \u015fekilde dokuma i\u015fiyle u\u011fra\u015fan yedi sekiz tane Ermeni k\u00f6y\u00fc vard\u0131. \u015eimdi Orhangazi denen kasabaya ba\u011fl\u0131 olan k\u00f6yler bunlar. Kasaban\u0131n eski ad\u0131 Pazark\u00f6y\u2019d\u00fc, ondan \u00f6nce de Ermeni Pazar\u0131 olarak an\u0131l\u0131rd\u0131. Bizans\u2019tan beri Ermenilerin var oldu\u011fu bir b\u00f6lge buras\u0131.<\/p>\n

Ankara ke\u00e7isinin k\u0131llar\u0131ndan elde edilen tiftik i\u015fi de Ermenilerin elindeydi. Tifti\u011fi dokuyarak \u201csof\u201d ad\u0131 verilen bir kuma\u015f elde ederlerdi ve bu da Osmanl\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6nemli ihra\u00e7 mallar\u0131ndand\u0131. Bu i\u015fin de merkezi Ankara yak\u0131nlar\u0131ndaki Istanoz kasabas\u0131yd\u0131, 4 bin n\u00fcfuslu bir Ermeni kasabas\u0131.<\/p>\n

Harput ve bug\u00fcn Elaz\u0131\u011f dedi\u011fimiz Mezre\u2019nin n\u00fcfusunun yar\u0131s\u0131 Ermeni\u2019ydi. Ancak ticaret ve sanayinin hemen hemen tamam\u0131 Ermenilerin elindeydi.<\/p>\n

Mara\u015f\u2019\u0131n kuzeyindeki da\u011fl\u0131k b\u00f6lgede 10 bin n\u00fcfuslu Zeytun diye bir Ermeni kasabas\u0131 vard\u0131. Da\u011flardaki demir madeni Ermeniler taraf\u0131ndan i\u015fletiliyor, kasabada sadece nal, b\u0131\u00e7ak, tar\u0131m aletleri de\u011fil silah \u00fcreten at\u00f6lyeler de vard\u0131, Zeytun \u00e7eli\u011finden namlular \u00fcnl\u00fcyd\u00fc. Kuru \u00fcz\u00fcm, zeytin, bal, deri, y\u00fcn, alkoll\u00fc i\u00e7kiler Zeytun\u2019un d\u0131\u015far\u0131ya ihra\u00e7 etti\u011fi mallar aras\u0131ndayd\u0131.<\/p>\n

Erzurum, Van, Diyarbak\u0131r, Sivas, Trabzon\u2019da Ermeniler n\u00fcfus olarak olduk\u00e7a yo\u011fundu. Buralar ekonomik olarak da sosyal olarak da 1950\u2019lere hatta 1970\u2019lere g\u00f6re olduk\u00e7a ileriydi. Buralarda okulla\u015fma oran\u0131, k\u0131z \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n okula gitme oran\u0131 olduk\u00e7a y\u00fcksekti. Sinema tiyatro ve benzeri k\u00fclt\u00fcr yerleri kurulmu\u015ftu. Klasik bat\u0131 m\u00fczi\u011fi yapan orkestralar,\u00a0bando tak\u0131mlar\u0131 vard\u0131. G\u00fcnl\u00fck, haftal\u0131k Ermenice gazeteler, dergiler yay\u0131mlan\u0131yordu.<\/p>\n

19. y\u00fczy\u0131l sonlar\u0131nda Sivas, H\u00fcdavendig\u00e2r (Bursa) ve Diyarbak\u0131r valiliklerinin resmi gazeteleri Osmanl\u0131can\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra Ermenice ya da Ermeni harfleriyle T\u00fcrk\u00e7e olarak da yay\u0131nlan\u0131yordu.<\/p>\n

\u201cKatliamlar\u0131n arkas\u0131nda \u2018ekonomi\u2019 ve \u2018g\u00fcvenlik\u2019 vard\u0131\u201d<\/strong><\/h5>\n

Ermeniler ekonomi, k\u00fclt\u00fcr, sanat ve sosyal hayat a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan \u00f6nemli bir yere sahipler. \u00dcstelik bu sadece Ermenilere de\u011fil, Anadolu\u2019ya da kazand\u0131r\u0131yor. Durum b\u00f6yleyken M\u00fcsl\u00fcman T\u00fcrkler bir milleti yok ederek kendilerine de zarar veriyorlar. Neden?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Klasik Osmanl\u0131 d\u00f6neminde en \u00f6nemli sekt\u00f6rler M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n elindeydi: Tar\u0131m, devlet y\u00f6netimi ve askerlik. Getirdi\u011fi itibar ve gelir bak\u0131m\u0131ndan en \u00f6nemli sekt\u00f6rler bunlard\u0131. \u00c7ok kesin s\u0131n\u0131rlar olmamakla birlikte zanaat i\u015fleri, ticaret gibi teferruat i\u015fler de ba\u015fta Ermeniler olmak \u00fczere gayrim\u00fcslimlere terk edilmi\u015f durumda. Kapitalizm geli\u015ftik\u00e7e bu \u00f6nemsiz sekt\u00f6rler \u00f6nem kazan\u0131yor. Abd\u00fclhamid d\u00f6neminden itibaren M\u00fcsl\u00fcman bir ticaret s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 olu\u015fturma Hayriye t\u00fcccarlar\u0131 yaratma giri\u015fimi var ama bunlar birtak\u0131m kararlar al\u0131narak uygulanabilecek bir \u015feyler de\u011fil, bir t\u00fcrl\u00fc yap\u0131 de\u011fi\u015fmiyor. Ku\u015faktan ku\u015fa\u011fa aktar\u0131lm\u0131\u015f i\u015f al\u0131\u015fkanl\u0131klar\u0131, yetenekler, ili\u015fkiler s\u00f6z konusu.<\/p>\n

1915\u2019te ya\u015fanan s\u00fcrecin arka plan\u0131nda t\u00fcm bu ekonomik yap\u0131y\u0131 T\u00fcrk-M\u00fcsl\u00fcman kesimin lehine de\u011fi\u015ftirme arzusu da var. Bir de tabii g\u00fcvenlik konusu var. Balkan sava\u015flar\u0131 sonras\u0131 devletin elinde neredeyse sadece Anadolu kalm\u0131\u015f, oradaki n\u00fcfusun T\u00fcrk-M\u00fcsl\u00fcman unsurlardan olu\u015fturulmas\u0131, devletin devam\u0131 bak\u0131m\u0131ndan da \u00f6nem kazan\u0131yor. Ben gayrim\u00fcslimlerin s\u00fcr\u00fclme ve katledilmelerinin arkas\u0131nda ekonomi ve g\u00fcvenlikle ilgili nedenlerin oldu\u011funu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyorum.<\/p>\n

Ocak 1914 ile mesela Ocak 1920\u2019yi k\u0131yaslayacak olursak, Ermenilerin s\u00fcrg\u00fcn edilmesi, katledilmesiyle birlikte g\u00fcnl\u00fck hayatta neler de\u011fi\u015fti?\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

1920\u2019lerin ba\u015f\u0131nda \u00fcretim tamamen gerilemi\u015f durumdayd\u0131. \u00dcretim yap\u0131lsa bile bunu ihra\u00e7 edecek, d\u0131\u015far\u0131yla ba\u011f kurabilecek bir s\u0131n\u0131f yoktu.<\/p>\n

Erzurum mebusu Hoca Raif Efendi an\u0131lar\u0131nda \u015fehirde \u00e7e\u015fmelerin muslu\u011funu tamir edecek tek bir usta kalmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 yazar.<\/p>\n

Mesela Harput \u015fehri tamamen yok oldu. Halbuki n\u00fcfusunun yar\u0131s\u0131 M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlardan olu\u015fuyordu. Ermenilerin s\u00fcr\u00fclmesi, katledilmesiyle ekonomi \u00e7\u00f6kt\u00fc ve M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar da g\u00f6\u00e7 etmek zorunda kald\u0131. Istanos kasabas\u0131nda hayat s\u00f6nd\u00fc, 1950\u2019lere gelirken haritadan tamamen silindi. \u00dc\u00e7 d\u00f6rt y\u0131l \u00f6nce \u201cErgenekon \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcn silahlar\u0131 Zir vadisindeki Ermeni mezarl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda g\u00f6m\u00fcl\u00fc bulundu\u201d diye haberler okuyorduk ya, Istanoz i\u015fte oras\u0131yd\u0131. Zeytun gibi bir \u00e7ok kasaba bu nedenle haritadan silindi.<\/p>\n

Diyarbak\u0131r\u2019da ipek\u00e7ili\u011fin bitmesiyle ekonomi b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde durdu.<\/p>\n

M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar bu sekt\u00f6rleri devam ettiremedi mi?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Asl\u0131nda \u015f\u00f6yle bakmak laz\u0131m. \u015eehirler kasabalar hep farkl\u0131 unsurlardan insanlardan olu\u015fuyor. Diyelim bir kasabada M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar tar\u0131m yap\u0131yor. Ticaretle Rumlar u\u011fra\u015f\u0131yor, sanayiye y\u00f6nelik \u00fcretim daha \u00e7ok Ermenilerin elinde. Burada herhangi bir unsuru \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131zda di\u011fer unsurlar ya\u015fasa bile \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lan\u0131n yetenek ve tecr\u00fcbesine k\u0131sa s\u00fcrede kavu\u015famad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in ekonomi \u00e7\u00f6k\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n

Mesela Ege\u2019deki incir M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n k\u00f6ylerinde yeti\u015fiyordu. Onlar sadece inciri yeti\u015ftiriyordu. Ermeniler, Rumlar bunu onlardan al\u0131p i\u015fliyor, ihra\u00e7 ediyordu. Sen inciri kurutan, satan kesimi ortadan kald\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda incir dal\u0131nda \u00e7\u00fcr\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

Di\u011fer bir \u00f6rnek ta\u015f i\u015f\u00e7ili\u011fi. Ermeniler ortadan kayboldu\u011funda konaklar\u0131n tamiri, yenilerinin yap\u0131lmas\u0131 imkans\u0131z hale geldi ve mimari de \u00e7\u00f6kt\u00fc.<\/p>\n

Ermeniler en iyisiydi, M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar i\u015fe yaramazd\u0131 demiyorum ben. Aradan M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131 \u00e7ekseniz yine \u00fcretim \u00e7ark\u0131 bozulurdu.<\/p>\n

\u201cBen yapmad\u0131m devlet yapt\u0131 demek biraz sorunlu\u201d<\/strong><\/h5>\n

24 Nisan \u00f6ncesi ve sonras\u0131 Ermeni halk\u0131yla M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar aras\u0131nda ili\u015fkiler nas\u0131ld\u0131?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Osmanl\u0131n\u0131n son d\u00f6nemindeki katliamlardan ve Cumhuriyet d\u00f6nemindeki T\u00fcrkle\u015ftirme politikalar\u0131ndan ele\u015ftirel bir \u015fekilde bahsederken Osmanl\u0131 toplumunun halklar a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan ideal bir yap\u0131 arz etti\u011fi gibi yanl\u0131\u015f bir alg\u0131 olu\u015fuyor. Oysa Osmanl\u0131 d\u00f6neminde de gayrim\u00fcslimlere kar\u015f\u0131 pek \u00e7ok e\u015fitsizlik vard\u0131.<\/p>\n

Halklar aras\u0131ndaki ili\u015fkileri de \u00e7ok idealize etmemek gerekir, \u00f6zellikle 19. y\u00fczy\u0131l sonunda milliyet\u00e7ili\u011fin geli\u015fmesiyle\u2026 1909 Adana olaylar\u0131 birden bire ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmad\u0131. Sonunda hem \u0130ttihat\u00e7\u0131lar hem de Ermeni ileri gelenleri, eski rejimin adamlar\u0131n\u0131n provokasyonu sonucu \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131 noktas\u0131nda uzla\u015ft\u0131lar ama halklar aras\u0131nda bir gerginlik olmasayd\u0131 herhalde bu olaylar s\u0131ras\u0131nda en az\u0131ndan halk seferberli\u011fi sa\u011flanamazd\u0131. Milliyet\u00e7ili\u011fin geli\u015fmesiyle \u00fclkenin her yerinde yerel d\u00fczeyde de bir rekabet olu\u015fturdu\u011funu, bunun da bir gerginlik yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyorum.<\/p>\n

Devlet taraf\u0131ndan M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanla\u015ft\u0131rma politikas\u0131 uyguland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yleyebilir miyiz? 1915\u2019e giden yolun ta\u015flar\u0131 nas\u0131l d\u00f6\u015fendi?<\/strong><\/p>\n

1915 \u00f6ncesinde \u00f6zellikle do\u011fuda ya\u015fanan 1894-96 y\u0131llar\u0131ndaki katliamlardan s\u00f6z etmek gerekir. Tanzimat d\u00f6neminden beri yap\u0131lan reformlar, Ermenileri \u201cnormal vatanda\u015f\u201d durumuna getirdi. \u00d6zellikle do\u011fuda K\u00fcrt beylerinin alt\u0131nda i\u015f g\u00f6ren unsurlarken belli haklar elde ettiler. Eski feodal K\u00fcrt beyleri ile yeni geli\u015fen Ermeni toplumu aras\u0131nda sorunlar \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. Onlar Ermenilerden hala hara\u00e7 gibi vergi almay\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyorlard\u0131.<\/p>\n

Abd\u00fclhamid\u2019in politikas\u0131 da Ermenileri K\u00fcrtler vas\u0131tas\u0131yla dizginleme \u015feklinde geli\u015fti. Hamidiye Alaylar\u0131 denilen K\u00fcrtlerden olu\u015fan askeri birlikler kuruldu ve do\u011fuda pek \u00e7ok katliam ya\u015fand\u0131. Yani 1915\u2019e ad\u0131m ad\u0131m giderken pek \u00e7ok olay ya\u015fand\u0131.<\/p>\n

\u00a01908 devrimiyle Abd\u00fclhamid\u2019in mutlakiyet rejimi y\u0131k\u0131ld\u0131. Devrimin temel sloganlar\u0131, Frans\u0131z devrimindeki gibi, \u201ch\u00fcrriyet, e\u015fitlik, karde\u015flik\u201dti. Ama burada bize \u00f6zg\u00fc olan \u015fey e\u015fitlik ve karde\u015fli\u011fin \u201canas\u0131r-\u0131 milliye\u201d yani Osmanl\u0131y\u0131 olu\u015fturan milletlerin e\u015fitli\u011fi ve birli\u011fi anlam\u0131nda kullan\u0131lmas\u0131yd\u0131. Ermeniler aras\u0131nda m\u00fcthi\u015f bir \u00fcmit do\u011fdu. Adana katliam\u0131 bile eski rejimin kal\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131 \u00fczerine y\u0131k\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in bu \u00fcmidi s\u00f6nd\u00fcrmedi. Ama haklar \u00e7ok kolay gelmedi ve \u00f6zellikle do\u011fu vilayetlerinde reform s\u00f6zleri tutulmad\u0131.<\/p>\n

B\u00fct\u00fcn bu s\u00fcre\u00e7 boyunca gerginli\u011fin artt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcyoruz. Sava\u015f\u0131n kendisi de milliyet\u00e7ili\u011fi k\u00f6r\u00fckleyen bir olay. Yani hi\u00e7bir gerginlik yoktu, M\u00fcsl\u00fcman unsurlar aras\u0131nda Ermeni kar\u015f\u0131tl\u0131\u011f\u0131 hi\u00e7 yoktu, bir g\u00fcn devlet gelip onlar\u0131 al\u0131p g\u00f6t\u00fcrd\u00fc gibi bir tablo \u00e7izmek yanl\u0131\u015f geliyor bana. \u0130ttihat\u00e7\u0131 \u015feflerin ve devletin rol\u00fc yads\u0131namaz ama en az\u0131ndan ta\u015frada \u015fehrin ileri gelen T\u00fcrk M\u00fcsl\u00fcman ailelerin \u0130ttihat ve Terakki Partisi\u2019nin yerel temsilcileri oldu\u011funu unutmayal\u0131m. Yani \u201cben yapmad\u0131m devlet yapt\u0131\u201d izah\u0131 biraz sorunlu.<\/p>\n

\u201c1915\u2019te sadece Ermeniler zarar g\u00f6rmedi\u201d<\/strong><\/h5>\n

24 Nisan di\u011fer gayrim\u00fcslim toplumlar\u0131 nas\u0131l etkiledi?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Her \u015feyi tam 24 Nisan\u2019da ba\u015flatmamak laz\u0131m. Baz\u0131 yerlerde s\u00fcrg\u00fcn daha \u00f6nce ba\u015flad\u0131. Zeytun Ermenilerinin bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131n Konya-Ere\u011fli aras\u0131ndaki sazl\u0131k-batakl\u0131k b\u00f6lgeye s\u00fcr\u00fclmeleri Nisan ba\u015f\u0131d\u0131r. Yine D\u00f6rtyol Ermenileri de ayn\u0131 tarihte Konya\u2019ya s\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Van\u2019da bask\u0131lar sonucu isyan \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131 ve \u015fehrin Ermeni mahallelerinin top at\u0131\u015f\u0131na tutulmas\u0131 da 24 Nisan \u00f6ncesidir. Bir\u00e7ok yerde s\u00fcrg\u00fcn\u00fcn ba\u015flang\u0131c\u0131 yaz ba\u015flar\u0131na sarkm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Tehcire benzer bir uygulama Balkan Sava\u015f\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda Rumlara kar\u015f\u0131 yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Ege sahillerindeki Rumlar i\u00e7 b\u00f6lgelere s\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcrken bir k\u0131sm\u0131 da \u00fclke d\u0131\u015f\u0131na ka\u00e7maya zorlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n

1915\u2019te de sadece Ermenilerin zarar g\u00f6rmedi\u011fini teslim etmek gerekir. \u00d6zellikle g\u00fcneydo\u011fuda S\u00fcryaniler, Nasturiler, Keldaniler de katledildi. Dahiliye Naz\u0131r\u0131 Talat Pa\u015fan\u0131n Diyarbak\u0131r valisi Doktor Re\u015fid\u2019e yollad\u0131\u011f\u0131 12 Temmuz 1915 tarihli telgraf \u00e7ok ilgin\u00e7tir. Talat burada \u201cBila tefrik-i mezheb H\u0131ristiyanlar\u201d\u0131n, Ermeni, S\u00fcryani vb mezhep ayr\u0131m\u0131 yar\u0131m\u0131 yap\u0131lmaks\u0131z\u0131n b\u00fct\u00fcn H\u0131ristiyanlar\u0131n 700\u2019er ki\u015filik gruplar halinde \u015fehrin d\u0131\u015f\u0131na \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131l\u0131p bo\u011fazland\u0131\u011f\u0131na haberlerin geldi\u011fini belirtir. Bunun her tarafa yay\u0131lmas\u0131ndan endi\u015fe duydu\u011funu dile getirerek sona erdirilmesini ve soru\u015fturulmas\u0131n\u0131 ister. Ama maalesef bu katliamlar Mardin\u2019le s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 kalmam\u0131\u015f, mesela Hakkari b\u00f6lgesinde Nasturilere de uygulanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u201cCumhuriyet, M\u00fcsl\u00fcman ve T\u00fcrklerin cumhuriyeti\u201d<\/strong><\/h5>\n

Geri gelenler de oldu. Anadolu\u2019da kalanlar da oldu. Anadolu\u2019da Ermeniler Cumhuriyet\u2019i nas\u0131l ya\u015fad\u0131?<\/strong><\/p>\n

S\u00fcr\u00fclme her yerde e\u015fit olarak uygulanmad\u0131. Baz\u0131 yerlerde t\u00fcm n\u00fcfus s\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcyor. Bazen y\u00fczde 5 gibi bir oran b\u0131rak\u0131lmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131l\u0131yor. Baz\u0131 yerlerde kilit durumdaki zanaatk\u00e2rlar, in\u015faat ustalar\u0131 vb. b\u0131rak\u0131l\u0131yor. Baz\u0131lar\u0131 kendilerini M\u00fcsl\u00fcman g\u00f6steriyor. Baz\u0131 yerlerde y\u00f6neticiler, \u00f6rne\u011fin K\u00fctahya mutasarr\u0131f\u0131, Konya ve Ankara valileri olduk\u00e7a koruyucu davran\u0131yorlar. Her yerde az \u00e7ok farkl\u0131 uygulamalar oluyor.<\/p>\n

1918\u2019den itibaren Ermenilerin eski yerlerine d\u00f6nmeleri y\u00f6n\u00fcnde kararlar \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor. Bu kararlar akabinde baz\u0131lar\u0131 memleketlerine d\u00f6n\u00fcyor. Ancak bu sefer ba\u015fka sorunlar ya\u015fan\u0131yor. \u00dc\u00e7 d\u00f6rt y\u0131l \u00e7ok k\u0131sa bir s\u00fcre de\u011fil. Ermeni mallar\u0131 \u00e7oktan ya\u011fmalanm\u0131\u015f durumda. Topra\u011f\u0131 geri almak bir sorun, onun \u00fczerindeki hasat\u0131n kime ait oldu\u011fu ayr\u0131 bir sorun. Sadece mal m\u00fclk de de\u011fil, tehcir s\u0131ras\u0131nda Ermeni kad\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131n k\u0131zlar\u0131n\u0131n bir k\u0131sm\u0131na da el konmu\u015f durumda. Bunlar M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlarla evlendirilmi\u015f, \u00e7oluk \u00e7ocu\u011fa kar\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015f. Ermeniler geri d\u00f6nd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde kad\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131, k\u0131zlar\u0131n\u0131 geri almak istiyor. Hadi, kad\u0131nlar\u0131 ald\u0131n, bunlar\u0131n \u00e7ocuklar\u0131 ne olacak? Anne Ermeni, baba T\u00fcrk M\u00fcsl\u00fcman. \u00c7ocuk kimde kalacak?<\/p>\n

Yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131m ara\u015ft\u0131rmalarda \u00f6zellikle Mara\u015f\u2019ta bunun b\u00fcy\u00fck bir sorun olarak ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6rd\u00fcm. Bunlar\u0131n hepsi yeni sava\u015f tohumlar\u0131n\u0131 ortaya atan \u015feyler. Bu tohumlar hayat\u0131n her alan\u0131nda yeni d\u00fc\u015fmanl\u0131klar olarak filizleniyor.<\/p>\n

Mara\u015f, Urfa, Adana, Antep olduk\u00e7a sorunlu bir b\u00f6lge. Mondros sonras\u0131nda \u00f6nce \u0130ngiliz sonra Frans\u0131z birlikleri geliyor ve geri d\u00f6nen Ermeniler bunlar\u0131n deste\u011fiyle yeni bir yap\u0131 olu\u015fturuyor. Zaten Kurtulu\u015f Sava\u015f\u0131 olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lan sava\u015f da bu yap\u0131lara kar\u015f\u0131 ba\u015fl\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

\u0130zmir\u2019de Yunan\u2019\u0131 denize d\u00f6kt\u00fck diye bir s\u00f6ylem vard\u0131r. Asl\u0131nda denize d\u00f6k\u00fclen sadece Yunan ordusu ya da Rum halk\u0131 de\u011fil. 1922 Eyl\u00fcl\u2019\u00fcnde \u0130zmir\u2019de r\u0131ht\u0131mda toplanan halk\u0131n aras\u0131nda Bat\u0131 Anadolu\u2019nun Ermeni ahalisi de var. K\u00fctahya\u2019da Ermenilerin mutasarr\u0131f\u0131n onurlu tutumu sayesinde kurtuldu\u011funu s\u00f6yleriz. Kurtulmu\u015f da ne olmu\u015ftur bu insanlar, h\u00e2l\u00e2 orada m\u0131 ya\u015f\u0131yorlar? Keza Karadeniz\u2019deki milliyet\u00e7i \u00e7eteler Rum ahaliyle birlikte Ermenilere de sald\u0131r\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

Cumhuriyet\u2019le birlikte ba\u015flarda bir de\u011fi\u015fiklik ya\u015fan\u0131yor mu?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Cumhuriyet M\u00fcsl\u00fcman ve T\u00fcrklerin cumhuriyeti olarak kuruluyor. Zaman zaman ve baz\u0131 b\u00f6lgelerde devlet eliyle zorla g\u00f6ndermeler cumhuriyet d\u00f6neminde de ya\u015fan\u0131yor. Ama daha dolayl\u0131 bask\u0131lar her yerde var.<\/p>\n

Ta\u015fradaki Ermeni okullar\u0131n\u0131n kapat\u0131lmas\u0131 1924\u2019te Tevhit-i Tedrisat kanunu uygulan\u0131rken tamamlan\u0131yor. 1930\u2019lardan itibaren Ermenilerin ya\u015fad\u0131klar\u0131 bir\u00e7ok k\u00f6ydeki kiliselerin y\u0131k\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcyoruz. Sadece k\u00f6ylerde de\u011fil \u015fehirlerde de ayn\u0131 s\u00fcre\u00e7 ya\u015fan\u0131yor. Ordu\u2019da Ermeni kilisesinin y\u0131k\u0131lma tarihi 1936. Bu s\u0131rada \u015fehirde 130 kadar Ermeni ailesi ya\u015f\u0131yor, kiliselerinde ibadet ediyor, papazlar\u0131 bile var. Bir de Balkan muhacirleri olay\u0131 var. Cumhuriyet T\u00fcrkiyesi s\u00fcrekli olarak g\u00f6\u00e7 al\u0131yor ve gelenlerin bir k\u0131sm\u0131 Ermeni k\u00f6ylerine yerle\u015ftirilip k\u00f6y\u00fcn arazisi bunlara veriliyor. Okulunu kapat, kilisesini y\u0131k, topra\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ba\u015fkas\u0131na ver. Yeni bir hayat kurma umuduyla \u0130stanbul\u2019a veya yurtd\u0131\u015f\u0131na g\u00f6\u00e7menin d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda bir yol kalm\u0131yor Ermenilere.<\/p>\n

Cumhuriyet d\u00f6neminde gayrim\u00fcslimlere yap\u0131lan bask\u0131 konusunda \u00fc\u00e7 d\u00f6rt olaydan bahsedilir. \u201cVatanda\u015f T\u00fcrk\u00e7e konu\u015f\u201d kampanyalar\u0131, \u201c20 kura askerlik\u201d, \u201cVarl\u0131k Vergisi\u201d, \u201c6\/7 Eyl\u00fcl olaylar\u0131\u201d. Bunlar \u00f6nemli elbet ama g\u00fcnl\u00fck hayattaki bask\u0131lar \u00e7ok daha \u00f6nemli.<\/p>\n

\u00dczerinde durulmayan bir konu da K\u0131br\u0131s olaylar\u0131d\u0131r. K\u0131br\u0131s\u2019ta ne zaman gerilim ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r, ta\u015fradaki Ermeni, S\u00fcryani ve Keldanilere bu yans\u0131m\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. K\u0131br\u0131s olaylar\u0131ndan sonra ta\u015fradaki H\u0131ristiyanl\u0131k da sona ermi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

\u201cBunlar\u0131n hepsi gavur\u201d<\/strong><\/h5>\n

K\u0131br\u0131s d\u00f6neminde Rumlara yap\u0131lanlar\u0131 biliyoruz ama Ermeniler ne gibi s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131larla kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131?<\/strong><\/p>\n

1964\u2019te b\u00fct\u00fcn yurt sath\u0131nda ilkokul talebelerinden liselere kadar tam kat\u0131l\u0131ml\u0131 \u201cK\u0131br\u0131s T\u00fcrkt\u00fcr T\u00fcrk Kalacakt\u0131r\u201d y\u00fcr\u00fcy\u00fc\u015fleri d\u00fczenlenerek halk mobilize edildi. Rumun olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 yerde bu halk Ermeni\u2019ye, Keldani\u2019ye, S\u00fcryani\u2019ye sald\u0131rd\u0131. Diyarbak\u0131r\u2019da her y\u00fcr\u00fcy\u00fc\u015f sonras\u0131nda Makarios\u2019un kuklaklar\u0131 yak\u0131l\u0131p kiliselere at\u0131l\u0131yormu\u015f. Diyarbak\u0131r\u2019daki Ermeni\u2019nin, Keldani\u2019nin, Midyat\u2019taki S\u00fcryani\u2019nin K\u0131br\u0131s\u2019taki Rum\u2019la ne alakas\u0131 var? Ama genel bak\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131na g\u00f6re \u201cBunlar\u0131n hepsi gavur\u201d.<\/p>\n

\u0130\u015fin ilgin\u00e7 taraf\u0131 bu baks\u0131y\u0131 uygulayanlar sadece T\u00fcrkler de\u011fildi, K\u00fcrtler ve Araplar da ayn\u0131 \u015feyi yapt\u0131lar. \u201cK\u0131br\u0131s T\u00fcrkt\u00fcr T\u00fcrk Kalacakt\u0131r\u201d diye onlar da y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fcld\u00fc ve din karde\u015fli\u011fi \u00fczerinden T\u00fcrk milliyet\u00e7ileriyle birlikte hareket ettiler.<\/p>\n

\u201cErmenilerin hesab\u0131n\u0131 soran m\u0131 var?\u201d<\/strong><\/h5>\n

2. D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131 d\u00f6neminde soyk\u0131r\u0131mlara bakacak olursak Ermeni soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n rol model oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yleyebilir miyiz?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Hitler\u2019in Yahudi soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 yaparken \u201cErmenilerin hesab\u0131n\u0131 soran m\u0131 var\u201d dedi\u011fi ileri s\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcr. Do\u011fru mudur bilmiyorum ama o laf\u0131n cuk diye oturdu\u011fu bir ortam oldu\u011fu kesin.<\/p>\n

Ermeni katliamlar\u0131 konusunda Alman ordusu \u00e7ok bilgiliydi. Do\u011frudan i\u015ftirakleri olmam\u0131\u015f olabilir ama ya\u015fananlar\u0131n hepsi Alman subaylar\u0131n\u0131n g\u00f6zleri \u00f6n\u00fcnde oldu. Osmanl\u0131 Genelkurmay Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Almand\u0131, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin her yerinde Alman birlikleri vard\u0131. \u0130\u015fin ilgin\u00e7 taraf\u0131 bu birlikler genellikle Ermeni mek\u00e2nlar\u0131na yerle\u015ftirilmi\u015fti. Bu da \u00e7ok do\u011fal. Ermeniler yollan\u0131nca ortada bir bo\u015fluk do\u011fuyor. Almanlar geldi\u011finde Ermeni kiliseleri ve zengin Ermeni evleri bunlara tahsis ediliyor. Diyarbak\u0131r Surp Giragos Kilisesi Alman karargah\u0131 haline geldi. Surp Sarkis kilisesi ise Avusturya Macaristan motorize birli\u011fine tahsis edildi. Mardin\u2019deki Alman karargah\u0131 Ermeni zenginlerinden \u0130skender Atamyan\u2019\u0131n kona\u011f\u0131yd\u0131. Bu evlerin kiliselerin eski sahiplerini hi\u00e7 mi merak etmediler. Bir \u00e7ok \u015fey Almanlar\u0131n g\u00f6z\u00fc \u00f6n\u00fcnde oldu ve tan\u0131k olduklar\u0131 bir katliam\u0131n hesab\u0131n\u0131n sorulmam\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131 Nazilere daha rahat davranma \u015fans\u0131 tan\u0131d\u0131.<\/p>\n

Ermeni soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n T\u00fcrkiye devlet gelene\u011fine yans\u0131mas\u0131 nas\u0131l oldu?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ermenilerin yok edilmesi bizde k\u00f6t\u00fc bir gelenek b\u0131rakt\u0131. Birincisi ya\u011fma d\u00fczeni hakim oldu. Hak etmedi\u011fin, sana ait olmayan bir \u015feye el koymak normalmi\u015f gibi alg\u0131land\u0131. Devlet birinin mal\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6b\u00fcr\u00fcne vererek onu zengin etmeyi gelenek haline getirdi. Ayr\u0131ca gayrim\u00fcslimlerin ekonomideki yerini doldurabilmek i\u00e7in ciddi te\u015fvikler verildi. Bu te\u015fviklerin de hepsi \u00e7\u00f6pe gitti. Cumhuriyet tarihi bu te\u015fviklerin yeteneksiz ellerde harcanmas\u0131 tarihidir.<\/p>\n

Bir di\u011feri \u015fiddet gelene\u011fi. Ermeni halk\u0131na uygulanan \u015fiddetin hesab\u0131n\u0131n sorulmamas\u0131 yeni katliamlar\u0131n daha kolay i\u015flenmesini sa\u011flad\u0131. Zaten kadro olarak da bir devaml\u0131l\u0131k var. Ermeni tehcirinin ba\u015f\u0131ndaki unsurlar, Cumhuriyet d\u00f6neminin de kadrolar\u0131 oldular. Benzer politikalar\u0131 devam ettirdiler.<\/p>\n

\u00a0* Foto\u011fraflar: Orlando Carlo Calumeno Koleksiyonu<\/b><\/em><\/p>\n

http:\/\/alternatifsiyaset.net\/2013\/04\/24\/osman-koker-soykirim-anadoluya-ne-kaybettirdi\/<\/i><\/b><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u00a0Yay\u0131nc\u0131 Osman K\u00f6ker\u2019le soyk\u0131r\u0131m \u00f6ncesi Anadolu\u2019da Ermenilerin sosyal, k\u00fclt\u00fcrel ve ekonomik hayattaki rollerini ve soyk\u0131r\u0131m sonras\u0131 Anadolu\u2019nun kaybettiklerini konu\u015ftuk. \u00a0EK\u0130N KARACA \u2013 bianet.org Birzamanlar Yay\u0131nc\u0131l\u0131k\u2019\u0131n kurucusu ve yay\u0131n y\u00f6netmeni\u00a0Osman K\u00f6ker\u2019le\u00a0\u201cTarihe Yolculuk: Orlando Carlo Calumeno Koleksiyonu\u2019ndan Kartpostallar ve Objelerle 20. Y\u00fczy\u0131l Ba\u015f\u0131nda Ermeniler\u201d\u00a0sergisinin ard\u0131ndan soyk\u0131r\u0131m \u00f6ncesi Anadolu\u2019da Ermenilerin sosyal k\u00fclt\u00fcrel ve ekonomik hayattaki rollerini konu\u015ftuk. Ermenilerin […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6,14,29],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-24315","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-ermeni-soykirimi","category-haberler","category-mulakatlar"],"yoast_head":"\nOsman K\u00f6ker: Soyk\u0131r\u0131m Anadolu\u2019ya ne kaybettirdi? - Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/akunq.net\/turkish\/2013\/06\/27\/osman-koker-soykirim-anadoluya-ne-kaybettirdi\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Osman K\u00f6ker: Soyk\u0131r\u0131m Anadolu\u2019ya ne kaybettirdi? - Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\u00a0Yay\u0131nc\u0131 Osman K\u00f6ker\u2019le soyk\u0131r\u0131m \u00f6ncesi Anadolu\u2019da Ermenilerin sosyal, k\u00fclt\u00fcrel ve ekonomik hayattaki rollerini ve soyk\u0131r\u0131m sonras\u0131 Anadolu\u2019nun kaybettiklerini konu\u015ftuk. \u00a0EK\u0130N KARACA \u2013 bianet.org Birzamanlar Yay\u0131nc\u0131l\u0131k\u2019\u0131n kurucusu ve yay\u0131n y\u00f6netmeni\u00a0Osman K\u00f6ker\u2019le\u00a0\u201cTarihe Yolculuk: Orlando Carlo Calumeno Koleksiyonu\u2019ndan Kartpostallar ve Objelerle 20. Y\u00fczy\u0131l Ba\u015f\u0131nda Ermeniler\u201d\u00a0sergisinin ard\u0131ndan soyk\u0131r\u0131m \u00f6ncesi Anadolu\u2019da Ermenilerin sosyal k\u00fclt\u00fcrel ve ekonomik hayattaki rollerini konu\u015ftuk. 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