{"id":24248,"date":"2013-06-24T04:48:21","date_gmt":"2013-06-24T09:48:21","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=24248"},"modified":"2013-06-24T04:48:21","modified_gmt":"2013-06-24T09:48:21","slug":"mardin-sehrinin-son-ermenileri","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/turkish\/2013\/06\/24\/mardin-sehrinin-son-ermenileri\/","title":{"rendered":"Mardin \u015eehrinin Son Ermenileri"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"ozgunaydin<\/a>TOMAS \u00c7ERME<\/b><\/p>\n

Mardin kenti fiziki g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm olarak, y\u00fcksek tepenin \u00fcst\u00fcnde Masis sava\u015f kalesine dayanmaktad\u0131r. En y\u00fcksek noktas\u0131nda kalesi yer almaktad\u0131r. Mardin d\u00f6rt mevsimi de birbirinden g\u00fczel olan bir kenttir. Eski \u00e7a\u011flarda olduk\u00e7a hareketli bir ge\u00e7mi\u015fi oldu\u011fu bilinen \u015fehir k\u0131sa aral\u0131klarla \u00e7e\u015fitli birimlerin y\u00f6netim d\u00f6nemlerini ya\u015fam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. S\u0131ras\u0131yla Ar\u015fakuniler, Persler, Dikranlar, Romal\u0131lar, Bizansl\u0131lar… M. S. 640 ‘ ta Arap \u0130slam ordusu, Hamdaniler, M. S. 873 Mervaniler, B\u00fcy\u00fck Sel\u00e7uklular ve onlar\u0131n ard\u0131ndan Artuko\u011fullar\u0131 (1109) uzun bir s\u00fcre bu b\u00f6lgeye egemen olmu\u015flard\u0131r. Mardinin Osmanl\u0131 egemenli\u011fine giri\u015fi 1517 y\u0131l\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Tarihlerden anla\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi, Hristiyanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n Mezapotamya’ya giri\u015fi eskilere dayanmaktad\u0131r. Mezapotamya halklar\u0131, Ermeniler, Pertevler, Marlar ve ba\u015fkalar\u0131 Hristiyanl\u0131\u011fa inand\u0131lar. \u0130skederiyeli Diyonisos ise\u00bb benim ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131m \u00e7a\u011fda Mezapotamyada kiliseler g\u00f6rd\u00fcm” der (kendisi 4. yy. ba\u015flar\u0131nda Mezapotamyada ya\u015fam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r). Ger\u00e7ektende Mardinde \u0130slamiyetin ak\u0131nlardan \u00e7ok \u00f6nce eski kiliselere rastlanmaktad\u0131r. Bunlardan biri de 4 yy. sonlar\u0131nda in\u015fa edilmi\u015f Surp Krikor Lusavori\u00e7 kilisesidir. Halk\u0131n Ermeni k\u0131sm\u0131 din adamlar\u0131na ve kiliselerine sad\u0131k kalm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u015e\u00f6yle bir kayda rastlanmaktad\u0131r\u00bbSurp Krikor Lusavori\u00e7 ad\u0131na, M. S. 420 de katedral kilise in\u015fa edilmi\u015ftir\u00bb. Bu kay\u0131t piskopos Hovagim Tazbazyan’\u0131n katedrali onartt\u0131\u011f\u0131 zaman bulunmu\u015ftur. Ta\u015f bir levha \u00fczerine Asuri alfabesiyle Ermenice olarak yaz\u0131l\u0131d\u0131r. Onar\u0131m tarihi 1791′ dir. Onar\u0131mdan sonra kilise yeniden takdis edilip komutan Surp Kevork ismi verilir. Ayn\u0131 zamanda halk dilinde K\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 Kilise de denmektedir.<\/p>\n

Mardinli rahip Husik G\u00fclyan’\u0131n g\u00fcn\u00fcne kadar bu yaz\u0131t\u0131n tarihi belirsiz kal\u0131p, anlam\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclememi\u015ftir. Bu de\u011ferli yaz\u0131t\u0131n anla\u015f\u0131l\u0131r hale gelmesi i\u00e7in rahip Antreas Ahmaranyan Keldani kilisesi rahibine yollayarak \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclmesini sa\u011flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Rahip G\u00fclyan ise \u00e7e\u015fitli dillere terc\u00fcme ettirip patrikhane salonuna ast\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Asl\u0131 rahip Ahmaranyan’\u0131n yan\u0131nda bulunan bu yaz\u0131t Mardin Ermeni kilisesinin ne kadar eski oldu\u011funu, Ermenilerin Mardin \u015fehrinde M. S. 420 y\u0131l\u0131ndan \u00f6nce de ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kan\u0131tlar. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc 6 yy. da konulan bu yaz\u0131t Nusaybin’in y\u0131k\u0131l\u0131p, Ermenilerin 351’de Ma-sius (Masis) Mardin da\u011f\u0131na s\u0131\u011f\u0131nd\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 anlatmaktad\u0131r. Bu da\u011fda da kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131klar\u0131 Perslerle sava\u015fan Ermeniler ad\u0131na, Ermenicede sava\u015f\u00e7\u0131 anlam\u0131na gelen\u00bb Mardi\u00bb ad\u0131na atfen \u015fehir Mardin olarak an\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ermeni alfabesi M. S. 405 te bulunmu\u015ftur. Ermeniler 5 yy. a kadar yaz\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131nda ve kitabelerinde \u00e7o\u011funlukla Yunan alfabesi, Asurilerin ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 b\u00f6lgelere yak\u0131n yerlerde az da olsa Asuri alfabesini kullanm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. Bu y\u00fczden Ermeni yap\u0131tlar\u0131nda g\u00f6r\u00fclen Asurice yaz\u0131lar, onlar\u0131n Asuri eseri oldu\u011funu veya o as\u0131rda Mardin’de Asuri ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 anlam\u0131na gelmez.<\/p>\n

Mardin’in Osmanl\u0131 egemenli\u011fine giri\u015fi 1517 y\u0131l\u0131ndad\u0131r ve Yavuz Sultan Selim’in komutanlar\u0131ndan B\u0131y\u0131kl\u0131 Mehmet Pa\u015fa taraf\u0131ndan Osmanl\u0131 topraklan i\u00e7ine al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Mardin’in Osmanl\u0131 d\u00f6neminde ilk n\u00fcfus say\u0131m\u0131 T C. Ba\u015fkanl\u0131k Devlet ar\u015fivleri genel m\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc Osmanl\u0131 ar\u015fiv daire ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131na ait 998 numaral\u0131 yay\u0131n\u0131d\u0131r. Buna g\u00f6re 1530 senesi Mardin n\u00fcfusu \u015f\u00f6yledir<\/p>\n

Hane\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 2026<\/p>\n

\u0130slamiye\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0775<\/p>\n

Ermeniler\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 1273<\/p>\n

M\u00fccerret (bekarlar)\u00a0 734<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u0130slamiye (bekarlar)\u00a0 233<\/p>\n

\u00a0Ermeni (bekarlar)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 502<\/p>\n

Muaf\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 140<\/p>\n

Daha sonraki y\u00fczy\u0131llarda, k\u0131rsalda ya\u015fayan Yakubi S\u00fcryaniler g\u00fcne\u015fe tapan \u015eemsilerin Ermenilerle birle\u015fmelerinden sonra Mardin \u015fehrine yerle\u015firler. \u015eemsi Ermenileri S\u00fcryanile\u015ftirerek n\u00fcfuslar\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7o\u011faltt\u0131lar.<\/p>\n

1891 Vital Cuinet’in\u00bb La Turquie d’Asia kitab\u0131 2. ciltte n\u00fcfus a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki gibidir:<\/p>\n

M\u00fcsl\u00fcman\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 10. 000<\/p>\n

K\u00fcrt ve T\u00fcrkmen\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 4. 000<\/p>\n

Suriyeli Arap\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a01. 700<\/p>\n

Toplam\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 15. 700<\/p>\n

Mardin \u015fehri Do\u011fu Hristiyan N\u00fcfus da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m\u0131 \u015f\u00f6yledir:<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Ermeni Gregoryan<\/td>\n4.330<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Ermeni Katolik<\/td>\n1. 200<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Ermeni Protestan<\/td>\n1. 700<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Keldani Katolik<\/td>\n580<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
S\u00fcryani Katolik<\/td>\n90<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
S\u00fcryani Yakubi<\/td>\n810<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\u00a01915 Ermeni Tehcirinden sonra Cumhuriyet d\u00f6neminde 1928 y\u0131l\u0131nda yap\u0131lan ilk n\u00fcfus say\u0131m\u0131na g\u00f6re ise\u00a0\u00a0 Mardin\u00a0 n\u00fcfusu [Haftal\u0131k mecmua 23 Kanun-\u0131 Sani (ocak) 1928 No: 132 Milliyet Matbaas\u0131, \u0130stanbul] \u015f\u00f6yledir:<\/p>\n

Mardin \u015eehri N\u00fcfusu<\/p>\n

\u0130slam\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 41. 364<\/p>\n

Ermeni Katolik\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 1. 612<\/p>\n

Keldani Katolik\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 304<\/p>\n

Protestan Ermeni ve S\u00fcryani\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 389<\/p>\n

S\u00fcryani Yakubi\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 5. 455<\/p>\n

S\u00fcryani Katolik\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 1. 821<\/p>\n

1915 Ermeni tehcir kafilelerinin konaklama ve ge\u00e7i\u015f g\u00fczergah\u0131 Mardin \u015fehriydi ve b\u00f6lgedeki S\u00fcryani ailelerin pek \u00e7o\u011fu kafileden Ermeni yetim erkek \u00e7ocuklar\u0131 evlat edinmi\u015flerdir. Vaftizli olmalar\u0131na ra\u011fmen S\u00fcryani kilisesinde yeniden vaftiz edilirler, S\u00fcryani adlar\u0131 verilir. B\u00fcy\u00fcyen \u00e7ocuklar yine S\u00fcryani k\u0131zlar ile evlendirilip toplumun asil \u00fcyesi haline getirildiler. Bu yetim \u00e7ocuklar \u00f6ld\u00fckleri zaman ge\u00e7mi\u015fleri ve as\u0131llar\u0131 hakk\u0131nda S\u00fcryani ruhaniler kesinlikle bilgi vermez S\u00fcryani mezarl\u0131\u011f\u0131na g\u00f6merlerdi.<\/p>\n

Mardin’in Ermenilerden bo\u015falan yerlerine, d\u0131\u015fardan gelen S\u00fcryani Yakubiler yerle\u015ftirildi. Bunlar\u0131n Ermeni yetim \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n\u0131 evlat edinerek Mardin \u015fehrinde n\u00fcfuslar\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131rd\u0131klar\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr. Mezapotamyan\u0131n ba\u015fl\u0131ca yerle\u015fim b\u00f6lgelerinden Diyarbak\u0131r, Urfa, Mardin ve Samsat gibi yerlerde ya\u015fayan Ermeni \u015eemsiler G\u00fcne\u015fo\u011fullar\u0131ndan Yakubi-S\u00fcryani mezhebine girenleri 1942 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar S\u00fcryani ruznamelerinde her y\u0131l iftiharla ilan ederlerdi.<\/p>\n

1915’te Ermeni tehciri s\u0131ras\u0131nda Mardinde Surp Kevork ve Surp Hovsep (Aziz Yusuf) kiliseleri askeri k\u0131\u015fla ve tehcirde yetim kalm\u0131\u015f \u00e7ocuklar i\u00e7in yetimhane olarak kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Bu iki kilise 1949 y\u0131l\u0131nda Ermeni cemaatine iade edilir. Bir y\u0131l i\u00e7inde \u00fcnl\u00fc Mardinli, Ermeni as\u0131ll\u0131 mimarba\u015f\u0131 Sarkis Lole (Levon) ‘nin o\u011flu mimarba\u015f\u0131 Selim Lole ve Cebrail Hakimyan ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda Surp Hovsep (Aziz Yusuf) kilisesinin onar\u0131m\u0131 yap\u0131labildi.<\/p>\n

30 Temmuz 1950’de Mardin as\u0131ll\u0131 piskopos Nerses Tayroyan beraberindeki rahip Kevork Cercis \u00c7and\u0131ryan, cemaat ve yetkili erkan\u0131n da i\u015ftirak\u0131yla g\u00f6rkemli bir a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u015fta Surp Hovsep kilisesini ibadete a\u00e7\u0131t\u0131lar. Yetkililerin izniyle gen\u00e7 rahip Kevork Cercis \u00c7and\u0131ryan kilisenin rahipli\u011fine atan\u0131r. K\u0131sa zamanda Ermeni cemaatini toparlar ve 27 Aral\u0131k 1954 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar vaftiz, d\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn, cenaze, Pazar ve bayram ayinleri yap\u0131l\u0131r. Mardinli Ermeni \u00e7ocuklara dini e\u011fitim ve ilahileri Ermenice \u00f6\u011fretirdi. An\u0131lar\u0131mda Mardin Ermeni cemaatinin 169 \u00e7ocu\u011fu Ermeni geleneklerine g\u00f6re e\u011fitildiklerinden hat\u0131rlar\u0131m.<\/p>\n

1915’ten 1950 y\u0131llarda Surp Hovsep kilisesi a\u00e7\u0131lana kadar dini vecibeler ya Keldani yada S\u00fcryani Katolik kilisesinde (bunlar\u0131n bir k\u0131sm\u0131da S\u00fcryani Yakubilerde) yerine getirilirdi. A\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131 ile birlikte Surp Hovsep kilisesi Mardin \u015fehrinin en kalabal\u0131k ve canl\u0131 kilisesi durumuna gelir. Zaman zaman b\u00f6lge \u015fehirlerden Ermeni bakiyelerin \u00f6nemli ziyaret ve umut yeri olur.<\/p>\n

Surp Hovsep kilisesi Ermeni tehcirinden sonra b\u00f6lgede a\u00e7\u0131lan ilk kilisedir. Kiliseye atanan rahip Kevork \u00c7and\u0131ryan Roma’da tanr\u0131 bilimi e\u011fitimi g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc, Oysa karde\u015f kiliselerin ruhanileri ilkokul mezunu bile olmay\u0131p, Der Zafaran manast\u0131r\u0131nda e\u011fitim g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015flerdi.<\/p>\n

Aradaki bu e\u011fitim fark\u0131 karde\u015f Yakubi-S\u00fcryanileri etkiledi. S\u00fcryanile\u015fmi\u015f Ermeniler k\u0131smen de olsa Ermeni kilisesi \u00e7at\u0131s\u0131 alt\u0131nda toplanmaya ba\u015flad\u0131lar. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc S\u00fcryanilerin bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc Ermeni k\u00f6kenliydi. Ermenilerin bu geriye d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f hareketi Yakubi-S\u00fcryanilerin i\u015fine gelmeyip, zaman zaman rahip \u00c7and\u0131ryan’a kar\u015f\u0131 gelirler.<\/p>\n

Surp Hovsep kilisesinin a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131 ve rahip Kevork \u00c7and\u0131ryan’\u0131n geli\u015fiyle pek \u00e7ok kilise hurafeleri de son bulur. Gen\u00e7 rahip, \u00e7a\u011f\u0131n t\u00fcm uygar kilise gelene\u011fini Mardin’e getirir. \u00d6rne\u011fin \u00a0di\u011fer karde\u015f kiliselerde o d\u00f6nemde uygulamada kilise giri\u015finden heykele kadar olan uzun koridor tahta perde \u00e7ekilmi\u015fti ve dualar\u0131n\u0131 haremlik selaml\u0131k halinde yap\u0131yorlard\u0131. Ayn\u0131 gelenek Ermeni Surp Hovsep kilisesinde uygulanmaz,\u00a0 kutsal kitap \u0130ncil’in \u00f6\u011f\u00fctlerinin d\u0131\u015f\u0131na \u00e7\u0131k\u0131lmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Ermeni ve di\u011fer kiliselerin tek ortak yan\u0131 mimari \u00fcslubudur. Geleneksel Ermeni kiliseleri gibi di\u011fer karde\u015f kiliselerin de -Ermeni \u015eemsi G\u00fcne\u015fo\u011fullan mabetleri olmas\u0131 dolays\u0131yla- sunak heykelleri do\u011fuya bakmaktad\u0131r. \u00d6zellikle kilise ayin ve e\u011fitim dilinin Ermenice olu\u015fu hazm edilemez ve Yakubi- S\u00fcryaniler taraf\u0131ndan tart\u0131\u015fma konusu haline getirilir. Bu huzursuzlu\u011fun ba\u015f\u0131 ise S\u00fcryani metropoliti Hanna Dolap\u00f6n\u00fc g\u00f6sterilir. Ermeni rahibin \u00a0ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131 tart\u0131\u015f\u0131l\u0131r hale gelir.<\/p>\n

Bu huzursuzluk iki toplum aras\u0131nda dayan\u0131lmaz bir hal al\u0131r. Unutulmamal\u0131d\u0131r ki, Yakubi-S\u00fcryanilerin Mardin\u2019de evleri yoktu. 1915 Ermeni tehciri sonras\u0131 k\u0131rsal kesimden gelen S\u00fcryaniler Mardin \u015fehrine ak\u0131n ederler ve Ermenilerden bo\u015falan malikanelere yerle\u015ftirilirler. Bu y\u00fczden Mardin\u2019de yeniden Ermenili\u011fin \u00a0ye\u015fersmesini istememektedirler.<\/p>\n

27 Aral\u0131k 1954’te kilisenin rahibi Kevork \u00c7and\u0131ryan sabaha kar\u015f\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131rd\u0131\u015f\u0131 edilmi\u015f ve\u00a0 \u00a0kiliseye bir daha ba\u015fka rahip atanmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bir hafta sonra Diyarbak\u0131r \u015fehri Ermeni cemaati \u00fcyelerinden Agop adl\u0131 bir \u015fah\u0131s Mardin \u015fehrine gelerek S\u00fcryanilerin (Karasun Manuk) K\u0131rklar kilisesi\u2019ne gider. S\u00fcryani metropoliti Hanna Dolap\u00f6n\u00fc\u2019n\u00fc bulur ve ona\u00bbErmeni rahibini su\u00e7layarak s\u0131n\u0131r d\u0131\u015f\u0131\u00a0 \u00a0edilmesine sebep oldun Cennete mi gideceksin?” der. Metropolitin bir i\u015fareti ile kilisede bulunan cemaat, Agop’u d\u0131\u015far\u0131 atarlar. Mardin \u015fehrinin kurulu\u015fundan beri var olan Ermenilerin bu durumdan sonra varl\u0131klar\u0131 son bulacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Mardin Ermenileri sahip olduklar\u0131 mal, m\u00fclk\u00fc, kiliselerini ve atalar\u0131n\u0131n miras\u0131 Mardin \u015fehrini terk ederek hi\u00e7 tan\u0131mad\u0131klar\u0131 \u00fclkelere g\u00f6\u00e7 ettiler. Ermenilerin ge\u00e7erli sebepleri vard\u0131. Do\u011fduklar\u0131 \u015fehrin havas\u0131n\u0131n, suyunun \u00f6zlemiyle yanarken k\u00fclt\u00fcrler aras\u0131 ve iklim farkl\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131 gibi pek \u00e7ok zorluklara da g\u00f6\u011f\u00fcs germi\u015flerdi. Bu hasreti ve zorlu\u011fu biraz da olsa yenebilmek i\u00e7in geleneklerini gittikleri \u00fclkelere ta\u015f\u0131m\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. Ancak do\u011fduklar\u0131 topraklarda g\u00f6m\u00fclememenin de hasretiyle \u00f6lm\u00fc\u015flerdir. Mardin \u015fehrindeki Ermeni cemaat \u00fcyesi 1612 ki\u015fi k\u0131sa zamanda A B D, \u015eili, Arjantin, Brezilya, Avustralya, Kanada, bir k\u0131sm\u0131 da \u0130stanbul ve L\u00fcbnan’a g\u00f6\u00e7 ettiler. Kilise ise ihti\u015fam\u0131n\u0131 bug\u00fcn korumamaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Bug\u00fcn sadece S\u00fcryani g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcnde bir veya iki Ermeni aile Mardin de ya\u015famaktad\u0131r. Kilise vakf\u0131n\u0131n 150 civar\u0131 m\u00fclk\u00fcn\u00fcn vak\u0131f y\u00f6netim kurulu iki aile taraf\u0131ndan y\u00f6netilir. Kilise ise y\u0131lda 3-4 kez Yakubi-S\u00fcryaniler taraf\u0131ndan ayin i\u00e7in a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131r. Ermenilerin son g\u00f6\u00e7\u00fcnden sonra k\u0131sa zamanda Hanna Dolap\u00f6n\u00fc haleflerinin \u00f6nemli b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc Mardin b\u00f6lgesinde kalamad\u0131lar, onlarda ekseriyetle g\u00f6\u00e7 etmek zorunda kald\u0131lar. Mardin Ermenileri taraf\u0131ndan g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze kadar Yakubi-S\u00fcryani metropolit Hanna Dolap\u00f6n\u00fcy\u00fc ve yanda\u015flar\u0131n\u0131 su\u00e7lamaktad\u0131rlar.<\/p>\n

Surp Hovsep (Aziz Yusuf) kilisesinden g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze kalan yegane am \u00e7ocuklu\u011fumda giydi\u011fim \u201c\u015fabik\u201d (kilise g\u00f6mle\u011fi) oldu. \u00d6zlemin ve hasretin tarifi yoktur.<\/p>\n

Mardin’deki 1612 ki\u015fiden olu\u015fan Ermeni bakiyeleri kiliselerinde rahip olmay\u0131nca ve \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n\u0131n dini e\u011fitim gereksinimi s\u00f6z konusu olunca, yeniden Yakubi-S\u00fcryani veya Keldani kiliselerine gitmek istemediler.<\/p>\n

1955 tarihinde \u00a0Ermenilerin Mardin’den g\u00f6\u00e7\u00fcnden sonra \u015fehirdeki ya\u015famlar\u0131na ait izler Yakubi-S\u00fcryaniler taraf\u0131ndan planl\u0131 bir \u015fekilde silinmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131l\u0131r. Ama\u00e7 Mardin ve Ermeni kelimelerinin yan yana kullanmamak, hatta \u015fehrin tarih sayfalar\u0131ndan silmektir. Mardin\u2019e gelen yay\u0131n bas\u0131n mensuplar\u0131 sadece Yakubi-S\u00fcryani din adamlar\u0131 ile kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131rlar ve onlar her tarihi eser hakk\u0131nda konu\u015furken onu S\u00fcryanile\u015ftirirler. Metropolit Hanna Dolap\u00f6n\u00fc\u2019n\u00fcn yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 Mardin tarihi \u015fehri S\u00fcryanile\u015ftirir. Ama\u00e7 Mardin tarihini, mimarisini ve k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc kendilerine mal etmektir. 108 foto\u011fraf i\u00e7eren 210 sayfal\u0131k \u00a0Mardin tarihinde Ermenilere ait bir tek ibare veya foto\u011frafa rastlanmaz.<\/p>\n

Bir ba\u015fka \u00f6rnek ise, Mardin kalesinin bulundu\u011fu da\u011f\u0131n ve \u015fehirdeki malikanelerin kamuoyuna Yakubi-S\u00fcryani eseri diye tan\u0131t\u0131lmas\u0131d\u0131r. Oysa devlet salnamelerinde da\u011f\u0131n Ermenice ad\u0131 Msis diye ge\u00e7er. Malikanelerin Ermeni as\u0131ll\u0131 mimarlar\u0131 da tarih sayfalar\u0131n\u0131 doldurmakta, tapu kay\u0131tlar\u0131na bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda Ermenilere ait olduklar\u0131 anla\u015f\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

B\u00f6ylece, Mardin’de Hristiyan olarak Yakubi-S\u00fcryani mutlak s\u00f6z sahibi olur. Ermeni kelimesi s\u00f6ylemek zorunda kal\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ise Katolik veya Hrisityan kelimeleri kullan\u0131lmaya \u00f6zen g\u00f6sterilir.<\/p>\n

\u00a0 Ayn\u0131 metopolitin 1972 y\u0131l\u0131nda yay\u0131nlanan\u00bb Tarihte Mardin\u00bb adl\u0131 kitab\u0131; Mardin’deki manast\u0131r, kilise ve tarihi an\u0131tlar tarihleri hakk\u0131nda T\u00fcrk\u00e7e yaz\u0131lan ilk kaynakt\u0131r. Ancak ciddi hi\u00e7bir kaynak g\u00f6sterilmeden yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu kitap daha sonraki y\u0131llarda Mardin tarihini yazmak isteyecekler i\u00e7in as\u0131ls\u0131z bir kaynak olu\u015ftururken tarih\u00e7iler aras\u0131nda do\u011fan \u00e7eli\u015fkiler de konuyu i\u00e7inden \u00e7\u0131k\u0131lmayacak boyutlara vard\u0131r\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Bir \u00f6rnek daha eklenilecek olursa; Hanna Dolap\u00f6n\u00fc’n\u00fcn kartal yuvas\u0131 diye adland\u0131r\u0131p yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 Mardin kalesinin eski kaynak ve \u015fehir salnamelerinde\u00bb Masis da\u011f\u0131 ve kalesi” diye ge\u00e7ti\u011fi g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir.<\/p>\n

Mardin ve etraf\u0131ndaki Yakubi-S\u00fcryani mabetlerin fermanlar\u0131na rastlan\u0131lmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ancak (zilliyeten) tasarruftan tapula\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc bu mabetler genelde Ermenilerin eski dini olan Arevortiklere (\u015eemsi, G\u00fcne\u015fo\u011fullar\u0131) aittir. \u015eemsilerin S\u00fcryanile\u015fmesinden sonra mabetleri de kiliselere d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

Yak\u0131n tarihte Mardin ve etraf\u0131ndaki Hristiyan kiliseleri hakk\u0131nda yaz\u0131lan yaz\u0131lar S\u00fcryani-Yakubi ke\u015fi\u015flerin duygusal ve keyfi ifadeleriyle yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Mabet ve kiliselerin, ilmi ve tarihi bi\u00e7imde ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131na \u00f6nemle ihtiya\u00e7 vard\u0131r. Mardin \u015fehri i\u00e7in devaml\u0131 slogan haline getirilmek istenen\u00bb minarede ezan, S\u00fcryani kilisesinde \u00e7an\u00bb c\u00fcmlesi pek \u00e7ok unsurun beraber ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 Mardin ve Mardinliler i\u00e7in b\u00fcy\u00fck haks\u0131zl\u0131kt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde Mardin ile ilgili yaz\u0131lan, yay\u0131nlanan ve konu\u015fulanlar bu \u015fehirdeki Ermeni izlerini silmek i\u00e7in verilen \u00e7abalard\u0131r. Son zamanlarda bas\u0131n-yay\u0131n bas\u0131n s\u0131k s\u0131k Mardin tarihi ve mimari eserlerini S\u00fcryanilere mal etmekle ger\u00e7ek olmayan kaynaklar yaratmaktad\u0131r. S\u00fcryani propagandas\u0131 yapan bu yay\u0131n bas\u0131n yetkililerinin yeterli bilgiye sahip olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131kt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Mardin’de S\u00fcryani g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcnde iki Ermeni aile kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Turistlere otantik kal\u0131nt\u0131 gibi g\u00f6sterilmektedir. T\u00fcrk ve Ermeni milliyet\u00e7ileri kendilerine art\u0131k daha inand\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 d\u00fc\u015fmanlar bulmal\u0131 ve \u00f6nyarg\u0131lar bir tarafa b\u0131rak\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. Bunlar\u0131 sizlere aktar\u0131rken bo\u011faz\u0131m d\u00fc\u011f\u00fcmlenir gibi oluyor… S\u00fcryani toplum liderleri taraf\u0131ndan zaman i\u00e7erisinde sistemli \u015fekilde Mardin’de an\u0131tlar\u0131n k\u00f6kle\u015fmi\u015f Ermeni deyimleri sinsice ve sessizce de\u011fi\u015ftirilmi\u015ftir. \u00d6rnek verilecek olursa Der- Zafaran, Deyr\u00fc\u2019l Zafaran ismi ile de\u011fi\u015ftirilirdi. \u201cDer” in Ermenice anlam\u0131 rahiplerin evi demektir. \u201cMar” yerine Mor Mort ile de\u011fi\u015ftirildi. \u201cMar” ise Ermenice bir kelimedir.<\/p>\n

Kaynak: Kebike\u00e7, y\u0131l,2009, say\u0131 27, sayfa 99-15\u2019ten ayr\u0131 bas\u0131m<\/i><\/b><\/p>\n

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TOMAS \u00c7ERME Mardin kenti fiziki g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm olarak, y\u00fcksek tepenin \u00fcst\u00fcnde Masis sava\u015f kalesine dayanmaktad\u0131r. En y\u00fcksek noktas\u0131nda kalesi yer almaktad\u0131r. Mardin d\u00f6rt mevsimi de birbirinden g\u00fczel olan bir kenttir. Eski \u00e7a\u011flarda olduk\u00e7a hareketli bir ge\u00e7mi\u015fi oldu\u011fu bilinen \u015fehir k\u0131sa aral\u0131klarla \u00e7e\u015fitli birimlerin y\u00f6netim d\u00f6nemlerini ya\u015fam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. S\u0131ras\u0131yla Ar\u015fakuniler, Persler, Dikranlar, Romal\u0131lar, Bizansl\u0131lar… M. S. 640 ‘ […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[12,13,14,26],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-24248","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-gunumuzde-bati-ermenileri","category-gunumuzde-bati-ermenistan","category-haberler","category-makaleler"],"yoast_head":"\nMardin \u015eehrinin Son Ermenileri - Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/akunq.net\/turkish\/2013\/06\/24\/mardin-sehrinin-son-ermenileri\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Mardin \u015eehrinin Son Ermenileri - Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"TOMAS \u00c7ERME Mardin kenti fiziki g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm olarak, y\u00fcksek tepenin \u00fcst\u00fcnde Masis sava\u015f kalesine dayanmaktad\u0131r. En y\u00fcksek noktas\u0131nda kalesi yer almaktad\u0131r. Mardin d\u00f6rt mevsimi de birbirinden g\u00fczel olan bir kenttir. Eski \u00e7a\u011flarda olduk\u00e7a hareketli bir ge\u00e7mi\u015fi oldu\u011fu bilinen \u015fehir k\u0131sa aral\u0131klarla \u00e7e\u015fitli birimlerin y\u00f6netim d\u00f6nemlerini ya\u015fam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. S\u0131ras\u0131yla Ar\u015fakuniler, Persler, Dikranlar, Romal\u0131lar, Bizansl\u0131lar… M. 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