{"id":24089,"date":"2013-06-18T03:53:44","date_gmt":"2013-06-18T08:53:44","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=24089"},"modified":"2013-06-18T03:53:44","modified_gmt":"2013-06-18T08:53:44","slug":"soykirimdan-geriye-kalan-kaval-ve-hubre-carsaf-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/turkish\/2013\/06\/18\/soykirimdan-geriye-kalan-kaval-ve-hubre-carsaf-2\/","title":{"rendered":"Soyk\u0131r\u0131mdan geriye kalan kaval ve H\u00fcbre \u00e7ar\u015faf"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"images\"<\/a>\u015eeyhmus D\u0130KEN <\/b><\/p>\n

\u015eehrin \u015feceresindeki kayd\u0131 Billur\u00e7\u00ee Ni\u015fo-Ni\u015fan Usta olarak h\u00e2la belleklerdedir. Derler ki; Qerejda\u011fl\u0131 k\u00f6yl\u00fc y\u0131llar evvel art\u0131k y\u0131pranm\u0131\u015f, yeterince ses vermeyen bilur\u2019unun yerine yenisini yapt\u0131racakt\u0131r. Y\u0131llar \u00f6ncesinin haf\u0131za tazeli\u011fiyle eliyle koymu\u015f gibi Ni\u015fan Usta\u2019n\u0131n Suri\u00e7inde marangozlar \u00e7ar\u015f\u0131s\u0131ndaki d\u00fckk\u00e2n\u0131na gider, ustay\u0131 yerinde bulamaz. Da\u011f k\u00f6y\u00fcnden ustaya arma\u011fan getirdi\u011fi yo\u011furt dolu s\u0131t\u0131l (bakra\u00e7) elinde kalakalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u00d6\u011frenir ki; Usta terki diyar etmi\u015f, D\u00eeyarbekir\u2019den g\u00f6\u00e7m\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Di\u011fer kom\u015fular\u0131 k\u00f6yl\u00fcye hitaben gel, Ni\u015fo Usta gitti ama biz sana istedi\u011fin kaval\u0131, biluru yapal\u0131m deseler de ikna edemezler k\u00f6yl\u00fcy\u00fc, eski ve y\u0131pranm\u0131\u015f bilurunu bir yadig\u00e2r gibi koynuna sokup gerisin geri h\u00fcz\u00fcnle d\u00f6ner k\u00f6y\u00fcne k\u00f6yl\u00fc.<\/i><\/b><\/p>\n

Hermine Han\u0131m\u0131n \u00fc\u00e7 o\u011flu vard\u0131r. \u00c7ocuklar\u0131ndan Dikran ve Ni\u015fan 1915 soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131nda D\u00eeyarbekir\u2019in G\u00eal (E\u011fil) kazas\u0131ndan Yiti\u015fe do\u011fru yola \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lan Ermeni qefle\u2019sinde kaybolurlar. Bir daha da izlerine rastlanamaz. Hermine Han\u0131m, di\u011fer t\u00fcm \u00f6l\u00fc ve kay\u0131p yak\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131n ac\u0131s\u0131yla birlikte, kaybolan iki \u00e7ocu\u011funun ac\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 y\u00fcre\u011fine g\u00f6mer. Tek kalan \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc o\u011flunu yan\u0131na \u00e7a\u011f\u0131r\u0131r ve der ki; \u201cEvlad\u0131m senin ad\u0131n Hugas Anna Bederyan\u2019d\u0131r, biliyorsun. Ama iki karde\u015fin art\u0131k yok, kayboldu. Bu sebeple sen bundan b\u00f6yle eski ad\u0131n\u0131 unutacaks\u0131n. Art\u0131k karde\u015flerin senin yeni ad\u0131nla birlikte ya\u015fayacak. Ad\u0131n bundan b\u00f6yle Dikran Ni\u015fan\u2019d\u0131r.\u201d Ve ikisi kay\u0131p \u00fc\u00e7 evlat bir yeni isimde D\u00eeyarbekir\u2019de bir ustan\u0131n ad\u0131nda nam olur o g\u00fcnden sonra: Dikran Ni\u015fan\u2026<\/p>\n

1910 senesinde do\u011fmu\u015ftur, Hugas ya da nam\u0131 di\u011fer Dikran Ni\u015fan veya \u015fehrin sicilinde bilinen ad\u0131yla Billur\u00e7\u00ee Ni\u015fo Usta. E\u015fi Bayzar Han\u0131mla D\u00eeyarbekir\u2019de evlenir. Mari, \u0130brahim, Y\u0131ld\u0131z, Jale, Hayik, Murat adlar\u0131n\u0131 koyduklar\u0131 alt\u0131 \u00e7ocuklar\u0131 olur.<\/p>\n

Kendini bildi\u011fi tarihten sonra, siz deyin ki yedi-sekiz ya\u015flar\u0131nda \u015fehrin \u00e7ok namdar a\u011fa\u00e7 torna ustas\u0131 Maybal\u0131 Hagop, nam\u0131 di\u011fer Popo Ustan\u0131n yan\u0131na \u00e7\u0131rak olur. Tez zamanda mesle\u011fi kapar. Sabah\u0131n erinde d\u00fckk\u00e2n\u0131 a\u00e7ar. Ustas\u0131n\u0131n olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 zamanlarda eli i\u015fe yats\u0131n diye kimi i\u015fleri kendisi yapar bitirdikten sonra da ustas\u0131 g\u00f6rmesin, k\u0131zmas\u0131n diye yap\u0131p bitirdiklerini k\u0131rar atar. \u0130lk kaval\u0131n\u0131 ustas\u0131n\u0131n nezaretinde 12 ya\u015f\u0131nda yapar. Popo ustan\u0131n onay\u0131yla ustal\u0131k r\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcn\u00fc kan\u0131tlad\u0131ktan k\u0131sa bir s\u00fcre sonra ustas\u0131 Maybal\u0131 Hagop memleketten g\u00f6\u00e7 etmeye karar verip Beyrut\u2019a akrabalar\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131na g\u00f6\u00e7er ve d\u00fckk\u00e2n da, sanat da Ni\u015fan Ustaya kal\u0131r, marangozlu\u011fu sanat edinir. Ama ince i\u015f\u00e7ilikli ah\u015fap oyma ve i\u015fleme sanat\u0131d\u0131r onun marangozlu\u011fu.<\/p>\n

K\u0131sa s\u00fcrede yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u015flere att\u0131\u011f\u0131 nak\u0131\u015flarla \u00fcn salar gen\u00e7 Ni\u015fan Usta. Pu\u015fici ustalar\u0131n\u0131n kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131 masuralar, makaralar, bast \u00e7ubuklar ve di\u011fer aletler, k\u00f6yl\u00fcn\u00fcn kaval\u0131, biluru, zurnas\u0131, Ermeni dudu\u011fu, payton toplar\u0131, tahta havanlar, b\u0131t\u0131m, ceviz ve f\u0131nd\u0131k k\u0131racaklar\u0131, D\u00eeyarbekir\u2019in kavurucu yaz s\u0131caklar\u0131ndan nefes almak i\u00e7in damlara kurulan tahtlar onun i\u015fi olur art\u0131k. Arada bir D\u00eeyarbekir tabiriyle cennah (ba\u015f\u0131 topuz g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcnde sokak kavgalar\u0131nda kullan\u0131lan sopa) da istenildi\u011finde yapar. Ama \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fc darbeyi vuramayacak uzunlukta yapmak Xal\u00ea Ni\u015fo\u2019nun mahareti olarak h\u00e2la s\u00f6ylenir. Nam\u0131, kaftan kafa h\u00fckmeder. Bitlis, Urfa, Mardin, Van, Erzurum, Y\u00ear\u00eavan, Kirman\u015fah, Ba\u011fdat, Rewanduz, Halep m\u0131tr\u0131plar\u0131, Ermenistan\u2019dan Irak\u2019a kadar Ni\u015fan Usta\u2019n\u0131n kaval ve zurnalar\u0131yla sanatlar\u0131n\u0131 icra ederler.<\/p>\n

Dudu\u011fun, bilurun en iyi sesinin kay\u0131s\u0131 ve erik a\u011fac\u0131ndan yap\u0131lan\u0131n oldu\u011funu bilir ve Diyarbek\u00eer\u2019de oldu\u011fu m\u00fcddet\u00e7e Malatya\u2019dan getirtir kay\u0131s\u0131 a\u011fac\u0131n\u0131. Hi\u00e7bir m\u00fczik par\u00e7as\u0131n\u0131 \u00fcflemeyi ve \u00e7almay\u0131 bilmez, sadece el yordam\u0131yla kendili\u011finden \u00f6\u011frendi\u011fi gam bilgisi vard\u0131r. Bilurlar\u0131n, zurnalar\u0131n testini \u00f6yle yapar. Sadece ah\u015fap emektar\u0131 m\u0131d\u0131r Ap\u00ea Ni\u015fo! Elbette de\u011fil! Ya\u015fad\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n da tan\u0131\u011f\u0131d\u0131r, ama suskun tan\u0131\u011f\u0131. O\u011flu Murat bir g\u00fcn eve gelir ve okulumuz tamiratta, bir s\u00fcre Ulu Cami\u2019nin arkas\u0131ndaki Cahit S\u0131tk\u0131 Taranc\u0131lar\u0131n evi olan yerde, okul olarak e\u011fitimimiz devam edecek der. Hele kalk evlat bi gidip bakal\u0131m hangi evdir der Ni\u015fan Usta. O\u011flu Muratla birlikte evin kap\u0131s\u0131na kadar giderler; tamam \u015fimdi bildim, bu ev katliamda \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclen Ermeni Garbis\u2019in eviydi der.<\/p>\n

Kendi ifadesiyle Arda\u015fez Margos\u2019a 1977 y\u0131l\u0131nda verdi\u011fi m\u00fclakatta der ki; \u201cD\u00eeyarbekir havalisinin en yan\u0131k sesli kavallar\u0131, en g\u00fcr sesli zurnalar\u0131 ve en iyi dilli d\u00fcd\u00fcklerini ben yapar\u0131m. Da\u011flar, h\u00e2la benim verdi\u011fim perdelerde inler.\u201d<\/p>\n

D\u00eeyarbekir\u2019in eski marangozlar \u00e7ar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda hangi marangoza Ni\u015fan Usta\u2019n\u0131n d\u00fckk\u00e2n\u0131n\u0131 sorsan\u0131z g\u00f6sterirler. O\u011flu Murat ile gitti\u011fimizde eskiden kalan malzemeler ve o d\u00fckk\u00e2n\u0131n eski, d\u00f6k\u00fcnt\u00fc hali Ni\u015fan Usta\u2019n\u0131n sahipsiz ve b\u0131rak\u0131p gidi\u015finin h\u00fczn\u00fcn\u00fc ta\u015f\u0131yor gibiydi. 1970 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u015fehirden ayr\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ve \u0130stanbul\u2019a g\u00f6\u00e7m\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. Vefat tarihi olan 1998 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar Ferik\u00f6y\u2019de ya\u015fam\u0131\u015f. \u00d6l\u00fcnceye kadar evinin alt\u0131ndaki at\u00f6lyesinde ah\u015fab\u0131 oyup da duduk, bilur, zurna yapmaktan vazge\u00e7memi\u015fti.<\/p>\n

Y\u0131llar sonra Diyarbak\u0131r Surp Giragos Ermeni Kilisesinin restorasyonu tamamland\u0131ktan sonraki resepsiyonunda g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcm Ni\u015fan Ustan\u0131n evlatlar\u0131 Murat, \u0130brahim ve Hayik ile. Bana s\u00fcrpriz yapm\u0131\u015f hayat\u0131m\u0131n en k\u0131ymetli arma\u011fanlar\u0131n\u0131 getirmi\u015flerdi. Bir zurna, bir de bilur; \u00fcstelik Xal\u00ea Ni\u015fo\u2019nun sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda kendi yapt\u0131klar\u0131ndan.<\/p>\n

Tarihi kay\u0131tlara bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda, \u00e7ok uzak de\u011fil; 1927\u2019de yap\u0131lan bir ara\u015ft\u0131rmada D\u00eeyarbekir ipek\u00e7ili\u011fi \u00f6ylesine reva\u00e7ta ve y\u00fczde imi\u015f ki, bug\u00fcn T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de ipek\u00e7ili\u011fin ba\u015fat \u015fehri Bursa ile yar\u0131\u015f\u0131r hatta \u00f6nde bir konumdaym\u0131\u015f. \u00dcstelik 1915 B\u00fcy\u00fck Felaketi\u2019nin \u00fczerinden onca \u00f6l\u00fcm, talan, y\u0131k\u0131m ve s\u00fcrg\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011fe ra\u011fmen. Seksen sene \u00f6ncesinin eski bazalt ta\u015fl\u0131 evlerinin avlular\u0131nda ve binler y\u0131ll\u0131k sur diplerinde ipek\u00e7ilik yapan Ermeni, S\u00fcryani az da olsa K\u00fcrt ustalardan kalan uyarlama bir \u201cvarolu\u015f\u201dla 24 Nisan g\u00fcn\u00fcn\u00fc anman\u0131n do\u011fru olaca\u011f\u0131na inan\u0131yorum.<\/p>\n

\u201cDolaptan ipek iplik sar\u0131l\u0131 makaralar\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131nca, istenilen renge boyamak \u00fczere boya kazanlar\u0131na yollan\u0131rd\u0131. B\u00fct\u00fcn boyalar nat\u00fcrel, do\u011fald\u0131. O zamanlar Diyarbekir\u2019de hi\u00e7 kimse nar kabuklar\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6pe atmazd\u0131. Nar kabuklar\u0131 toplan\u0131r ve Meryemana S\u00fcryani Kadim Kilisesinin arkas\u0131ndaki de\u011firmene g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcp sat\u0131l\u0131rd\u0131. Veya de\u011firmen sahibi nar kabuklar\u0131n\u0131 kiloyla bizzat kendisi evlerden toplay\u0131p sat\u0131n al\u0131rd\u0131. Kurutulmu\u015f nar kabuklar\u0131 de\u011firmende d\u00f6v\u00fcl\u00fcp, \u00f6\u011f\u00fct\u00fcl\u00fcrd\u00fc. Pu\u015ficiler i\u015fte o de\u011firmene gidip ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131na g\u00f6re kurutulmu\u015f nar kabu\u011fu veya d\u00f6v\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f nar kabu\u011fu k\u0131r\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 c\u00fczi paralarla sat\u0131n al\u0131r sonra da suya koyup kaynat\u0131rlard\u0131.<\/p>\n

Bal\u0131k\u00e7\u0131lar ba\u015f\u0131ndaki demirciler \u00e7ar\u015f\u0131s\u0131ndan, demircilerden demir tozu al\u0131rlard\u0131. Demir tozunu o kaynatt\u0131klar\u0131 nar kabu\u011fu suyuna katarlard\u0131. Bir de ayr\u0131ca zeytinya\u011f\u0131 ile kaynat\u0131rlard\u0131. Zeytinya\u011f\u0131 da mantin \u00e7ar\u015faf\u0131n ipek gibi yumu\u015fak ve kaygan olmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flard\u0131. O boya kazanlar\u0131ndan \u00e7\u0131kan ipek iplikler \u00e7atal direkler \u00fczerinde silkelenirdi.<\/p>\n

Y\u00fcz\u00fcm\u00fcz, g\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fcz \u2018Boroda\u2019 dedi\u011fimiz o demir tozlar\u0131 ve nar kabuklar\u0131ndan olu\u015fmu\u015f do\u011fal k\u00f6kboyan\u0131n siyahl\u0131\u011f\u0131na b\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcrd\u00fc. Simsiyah, do\u011fal bir k\u00f6k boya ortaya \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131. \u0130\u015fte o bizim Diyarbekir kad\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131n kulland\u0131klar\u0131, sarmaland\u0131klar\u0131, \u00f6rt\u00fcnd\u00fckleri ve \u201cHaram sudan atlad\u0131m \/ Mantin \u00e7ar\u015faf toplad\u0131m \/ Murad\u0131m olur diye \/ Her derdine katland\u0131m\u201d dedikleri \u015fark\u0131lara mal olan Mantin \u00c7ar\u015faflar; H\u00fcbre dedi\u011fimiz kapkara \u00e7ar\u015faflar demir ve nar tozunun rengini verdi\u011fi o k\u00f6k boyadan al\u0131rlard\u0131 renklerini.<\/p>\n

Hani Diyarbekir\u2019in simsiyah parmak irili\u011finde bir dut \u00e7e\u015fidi var ya \u201ckarah\u00fcb\u00fcr\u201dd\u00fcr ad\u0131, May\u0131s sonunda \u00e7\u0131kar, \u00e7\u0131plak elle yedi\u011finizde morumsu renginin parmak u\u00e7lar\u0131nda izi kalan. H\u00fcb\u00fcr, i\u015fte ondan esinlenmedir.\u201d*<\/p>\n

Kim bilebilir ki; belki de kurutulmu\u015f nar kabu\u011fu ve demir tozunun zeytinya\u011f\u0131yla harmanlan\u0131p kaynat\u0131larak olu\u015fturdu\u011fu zil siyah k\u00f6k boyadan olu\u015fmu\u015f h\u00fcbre, kara, zilsiyah mantin \u00e7ar\u015faf,<\/p>\n

bug\u00fcn K\u00fcrt kad\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6rt\u00fcnme giysisi olarak varl\u0131k buluyorsa; belki de y\u00fcz y\u0131l evvel bir karde\u015f halk\u0131n ya\u015fanm\u0131\u015f ebedi yokedili\u015f trajedisinin taziyesine delalettir.<\/p>\n

Ve D\u00eeyarbekir Ermenisi B\u0131llur\u00e7\u00ee Ni\u015fan Usta\u2019n\u0131n evlatlar\u0131ndan bana yadig\u00e2r bilur\u2019undan \u015fimdilerde ses olmu\u015f bir na\u011fmedir 24 Nisan\u2019\u0131n tragedyas\u0131nda D\u00eeyarbekir Surp Giragos Ermeni Kilisesinin avlusunda havada as\u0131l\u0131 kalan bak\u00ee seda\u2026<\/p>\n

Min te d\u00eeb\u00fb ser beden\u00ea<\/em><\/p>\n

Ser\u00ea re\u015f dab\u00fb gerden\u00ea<\/em><\/p>\n

H\u00fbn heft in w\u00ea ez bi ten\u00ea<\/em><\/p>\n

Wa way l\u00ea, wa way l\u00ea malikw\u00earan\u2026<\/em><\/p>\n

2012, \u0130stanbul.<\/em><\/p>\n

\u015eeyhmus D\u0130KEN 19. Nisan 2013 D\u00eeyarbekir<\/em><\/p>\n

http:\/\/www.birgun.net\/writer_index.php?category_code=1187092191&news_code=1366447001&year=2013&month=04&day=20#.UXQNq7UqySp<\/i><\/b><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u015eeyhmus D\u0130KEN \u015eehrin \u015feceresindeki kayd\u0131 Billur\u00e7\u00ee Ni\u015fo-Ni\u015fan Usta olarak h\u00e2la belleklerdedir. Derler ki; Qerejda\u011fl\u0131 k\u00f6yl\u00fc y\u0131llar evvel art\u0131k y\u0131pranm\u0131\u015f, yeterince ses vermeyen bilur\u2019unun yerine yenisini yapt\u0131racakt\u0131r. Y\u0131llar \u00f6ncesinin haf\u0131za tazeli\u011fiyle eliyle koymu\u015f gibi Ni\u015fan Usta\u2019n\u0131n Suri\u00e7inde marangozlar \u00e7ar\u015f\u0131s\u0131ndaki d\u00fckk\u00e2n\u0131na gider, ustay\u0131 yerinde bulamaz. Da\u011f k\u00f6y\u00fcnden ustaya arma\u011fan getirdi\u011fi yo\u011furt dolu s\u0131t\u0131l (bakra\u00e7) elinde kalakalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u00d6\u011frenir […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6,12,14,26],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-24089","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-ermeni-soykirimi","category-gunumuzde-bati-ermenileri","category-haberler","category-makaleler"],"yoast_head":"\nSoyk\u0131r\u0131mdan geriye kalan kaval ve H\u00fcbre \u00e7ar\u015faf - Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/akunq.net\/turkish\/2013\/06\/18\/soykirimdan-geriye-kalan-kaval-ve-hubre-carsaf-2\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Soyk\u0131r\u0131mdan geriye kalan kaval ve H\u00fcbre \u00e7ar\u015faf - Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\u015eeyhmus D\u0130KEN \u015eehrin \u015feceresindeki kayd\u0131 Billur\u00e7\u00ee Ni\u015fo-Ni\u015fan Usta olarak h\u00e2la belleklerdedir. Derler ki; Qerejda\u011fl\u0131 k\u00f6yl\u00fc y\u0131llar evvel art\u0131k y\u0131pranm\u0131\u015f, yeterince ses vermeyen bilur\u2019unun yerine yenisini yapt\u0131racakt\u0131r. Y\u0131llar \u00f6ncesinin haf\u0131za tazeli\u011fiyle eliyle koymu\u015f gibi Ni\u015fan Usta\u2019n\u0131n Suri\u00e7inde marangozlar \u00e7ar\u015f\u0131s\u0131ndaki d\u00fckk\u00e2n\u0131na gider, ustay\u0131 yerinde bulamaz. 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