{"id":23930,"date":"2013-06-10T04:36:43","date_gmt":"2013-06-10T09:36:43","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=23930"},"modified":"2013-06-10T04:36:43","modified_gmt":"2013-06-10T09:36:43","slug":"ali-sukru-bey-ve-topal-osman","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/turkish\/2013\/06\/10\/ali-sukru-bey-ve-topal-osman\/","title":{"rendered":"Ali \u015e\u00fckr\u00fc Bey ve Topal Osman"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"AY\u015eE<\/a>Ay\u015fe H\u00fcr <\/b><\/p>\n

Zorunlu e\u011fitimi 12 y\u0131la \u00e7\u0131karan 4+4+4 Kesintili E\u011fitim Kanunu TBMM’de kabul edildi. E\u011fitim y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n ortas\u0131nda, konunun ilgilileriyle tart\u0131\u015f\u0131lmadan, altyap\u0131s\u0131 haz\u0131rlanmadan, i\u00e7eri\u011fi hakk\u0131nda kamuoyuna bilgi verilmeden, komisyonlarda yeterince tart\u0131\u015f\u0131lmadan, dahas\u0131 usul\u00fcne uygun oylanmadan kabul edilen kanunu, Ba\u015fbakan Erdo\u011fan 28 \u015eubat’\u0131n son izini tarihin tozlu raflar\u0131na g\u00f6ndermek olarak tarif etti. Bense 28 \u015eubat post-modern darbesi ile hesapla\u015fmaya \u00e7ok \u00f6nem verdi\u011fim halde, son de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fin e\u011fitim sistemimizin sorunlar\u0131n\u0131 gidermek bir yana daha da derinle\u015ftirece\u011fine inan\u0131yorum. Yer sorunu y\u00fcz\u00fcnden \u015fimdilik, Ne\u015fe D\u00fczel’e konu\u015fan \u0130brahim Betil (5 Mart 2012, Taraf) ve kaynak\u00e7ada linkini verdi\u011fim E\u011fitim Reformu Giri\u015fimi’nin (ERG) raporunu haz\u0131rlayanlarla benzer d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm\u00fc s\u00f6ylemekle yetinece\u011fim.<\/p>\n

Bu haftan\u0131n yaz\u0131s\u0131, 1923 y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n tam bu g\u00fcnlerinde karanl\u0131k bir cinayete kurban giden Trabzon Mebusu Ali \u015e\u00fckr\u00fc Bey ile onu \u00f6ld\u00fcren Giresunlu Topal Osman’a dair olacak. \u0130lk olarak 2006 y\u0131l\u0131nda Radikal \u0130ki’de ve Birikim’in internet sitesinde yay\u0131mlanan yaz\u0131lar\u0131mda anlatt\u0131\u011f\u0131m bu hik\u00e2ye, baz\u0131lar\u0131na g\u00f6re “CHP ve ona muhalefet edenler” aras\u0131nda ge\u00e7er. Baz\u0131lar\u0131na g\u00f6re iki \u015fah\u0131s aras\u0131nda. Bana g\u00f6re ise “iktidar ve muhalefet” aras\u0131nda. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc Cumhuriyet tarihimiz g\u00f6steriyor ki, zaman de\u011fi\u015fiyor, iktidarlar de\u011fi\u015fiyor ama iktidarla muhalefet aras\u0131ndaki ili\u015fkilerin niteli\u011fi pek de\u011fi\u015fmiyor. 2012 se\u00e7imlerinden beri TBMM’ye h\u00e2kim olan hava, fena halde 1920’lerin, 1950’lerin, 1970’lerin havas\u0131n\u0131 and\u0131r\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

***<\/p>\n

1884 y\u0131l\u0131nda Trabzon Vakf\u0131kebir’de do\u011fan Ali \u015e\u00fckr\u00fc Bey, Bahriye Mektebi’nde okumu\u015f, \u0130ngiltere’de deniz hukuku e\u011fitimi g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015f, deniz kurmay binba\u015f\u0131s\u0131 iken son Osmanl\u0131 Meclisi’ne Trabzon mebusuolarak kat\u0131l\u0131r. Ancak, Meclis’in, 16 Mart 1920’de \u0130tilaf G\u00fc\u00e7leri taraf\u0131ndan i\u015fgal edilip kapat\u0131lmas\u0131ndan sonra Ankara’ya ge\u00e7er. Yeni kurulan B\u00fcy\u00fck Millet Meclisi’nde Trabzon Milletvekili s\u0131fat\u0131yla vazife al\u0131r. Bir s\u00fcre sonra Mustafa Kemal’e \u00e7e\u015fitli nedenlerle muhalefet edenlerden olu\u015fan \u0130kinci Grubun \u00f6nde gelenlerinden olur.<\/p>\n

Kendini yak\u0131ndan tan\u0131yanlar\u0131n ifadesine g\u00f6re, Ali \u015e\u00fckr\u00fc Bey hitabet yetene\u011fi y\u00fcksek, k\u00fcrs\u00fcde s\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc sak\u0131nmadan konu\u015fan biridir. D\u00f6nemin siyaset adamlar\u0131ndan Zamir Bey’e (Damar Ar\u0131ko\u011flu) g\u00f6re “\u0130yi \u0130ngilizce bilir, etine dolgun, uzunca boylu, g\u00f6zleri miyop, kal\u0131n caml\u0131 g\u00f6zl\u00fck kullan\u0131r, \u00e7enesi biraz k\u0131sa, hafif elmac\u0131k kemikli, sert bak\u0131\u015fl\u0131, ifadesi d\u00fczg\u00fcn, iyi konu\u015fan, s\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc dinleten, kendi bildi\u011finden \u015fa\u015fmayan” biridir. “H\u00fck\u00fcmet lehine konu\u015fanlar\u0131 dalkavuklukla su\u00e7layan”, “Taassubu hocalardan geri olmayan, kad\u0131n\u0131n serbest\u00eesi \u015f\u00f6yle dursun, y\u00fczlerinin a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131na bile tahamm\u00fcl\u00fc olmayan” biridir. Falih R\u0131fk\u0131 Atay da Ali \u015e\u00fckr\u00fc Bey’in Meclis’teki muhafazak\u00e2r grup i\u00e7inde “en az\u0131l\u0131” olanlardan biri oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yler. Nitekim 1920 y\u0131l\u0131nda TBMM’nin kabul etti\u011fi Men-i M\u00fcskirat (i\u00e7ki yasa\u011f\u0131) Kanunu onun i\u015flerindendir.<\/p>\n

Tan gazetesi<\/b><\/p>\n

Din\u00ee konulardaki hassasiyetleri ile dikkati \u00e7eken Ali \u015e\u00fckr\u00fc Bey 2 Kas\u0131m 1922’de Saltanat’\u0131n kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131ndan sonraki d\u00f6nemde, her s\u00f6z al\u0131\u015f\u0131nda Hilafet’i savunmakla kalmaz, Mustafa Kemal’in Hakimiyet-i Milliye gazetesine kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k Tan gazetesini \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131r, bir de Hilafet’i savunan bro\u015f\u00fcr bast\u0131r\u0131r. Ayn\u0131 d\u00f6nemde ba\u015flayan Lozan Bar\u0131\u015f G\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmeleri’nde T\u00fcrk heyetinin ba\u015f\u0131ndaki \u0130smet \u0130n\u00f6n\u00fc’n\u00fcn hariciyeci olmamas\u0131n\u0131 sert \u015fekilde ele\u015ftirdi\u011fi gibi, Meclis \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131 engelleyerek Mustafa Kemal’in tepesini iyice att\u0131r\u0131r. Hatta 6 Mart 1923 tarihli oturumda Mustafa Kemal’le birbirlerinin \u00fczerine y\u00fcr\u00fcrler. \u00a0Mustafa Kemal’in bir oldubittiyle bu ilk Meclis’i feshederek se\u00e7imlere gitmeye karar verdi\u011fi g\u00fcnlerde Ali \u015e\u00fckr\u00fc Bey birden ortadan kaybolur.<\/b><\/p>\n

Son olarak 26\/27 mart ak\u015fam\u0131, Karao\u011flan \u00c7ar\u015f\u0131s\u0131’ndaki Kuyulu Kahve’de dostlar\u0131yla sohbet edip ve nargile i\u00e7tikten sonra Mustafa Kemal’in muhaf\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 yapan Topal Osman’\u0131n adamlar\u0131ndan Mustafa Kaptan’la kol kola y\u00fcr\u00fcrken g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Kaybolu\u015funun \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc g\u00fcn\u00fc karde\u015fi \u015eevket Bey, Ba\u015fbakan Rauf (Orbay) Bey’e ba\u015fvurur. \u0130kinci Grup \u00fcyeleri taraf\u0131ndan Meclis g\u00fcndemine ta\u015f\u0131nan konu, vekillerce ate\u015fli bi\u00e7imde tart\u0131\u015f\u0131l\u0131r, “kaybolan tavuk de\u011fildir, bir milletvekilidir! Meclis derhal harekete ge\u00e7melidir” \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131 \u00fczerine Ankara Valisi Abd\u00fclkadir Bey’in emriyle t\u00fcm polis ve jandarma te\u015fkilat\u0131 seferber edilir.<\/p>\n

Papaz\u0131n Ba\u011f\u0131’nda ne oldu?<\/b><\/p>\n

Topal Osman’\u0131n yard\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131 Mustafa Kaptan’\u0131n itiraf etti\u011fine g\u00f6re, Mustafa Kaptan taraf\u0131ndan, yemek bahanesiyle Topal Osman’\u0131n Saman Pazar\u0131’ndaki evine g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fclen Ali \u015e\u00fckr\u00fc Bey, burada Topal Osman ve sekiz adam\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan kementle bo\u011fulmu\u015ftur. Mustafa Kaptan cesedin nereye g\u00f6m\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc s\u00f6ylememi\u015ftir ama \u00f6\u011frenildi\u011fine g\u00f6re Topal Osman, kendisine Mustafa Kemal taraf\u0131ndan verilen Papaz\u0131n Ba\u011f\u0131 denen yerdeki evde saklanmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Olay\u0131n ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131 \u00fczerine Topal Osman’\u0131n nas\u0131l teslim al\u0131nmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fine dair harek\u00e2t plan\u0131n\u0131 bizzat Mustafa Kemal haz\u0131rlar. Rauf Bey’in anlatt\u0131\u011f\u0131na g\u00f6re \u00f6nce Muhaf\u0131z Taburu Kumandan\u0131 \u0130smail Hakk\u0131 (Tek\u00e7e) \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, Mustafa Kemal bizzat sarmalama harek\u00e2t\u0131n\u0131n krokisini haz\u0131rlam\u0131\u015f, ard\u0131ndan e\u015fi Latife Han\u0131m’la birlikte \u00c7ankaya K\u00f6\u015fk\u00fc’nden ayr\u0131l\u0131p, Rauf Bey’in \u0130stasyon’daki dairesine \u00e7ekilmi\u015ftir. Latife Han\u0131m’\u0131n k\u0131zkarde\u015fi Vecihi \u0130lmen’e g\u00f6re ise Topal Osman ve adamlar\u0131 \u00c7ankaya K\u00f6\u015fk\u00fc’n\u00fc sar\u0131p da silah atmaya ba\u015flay\u0131nca, Mustafa Kemal \u00e7ar\u015fafa b\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcp Latife Han\u0131m’la birlikte k\u00f6\u015fkten gizlice \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Hangi anlat\u0131m do\u011frudur bilinmez ama al\u0131nan tedbir yerindedir, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc Topal Osman A\u011fa teslim olmay\u0131 kabul etmedi\u011fi gibi \u00c7ankaya K\u00f6\u015fk\u00fc’ne gidip \u00f6fke ile her yeri k\u0131r\u0131p d\u00f6kecektir.<\/p>\n

Bunlar olurken, polis ve jandarma cesedin neredeye g\u00f6m\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc tesbit etmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaktad\u0131r. 1 nisan g\u00fcn\u00fc bir \u00e7oban\u0131n ihbar\u0131yla Ali \u015e\u00fckr\u00fc Bey’in \u00f6l\u00fcs\u00fc Ankara civar\u0131ndaki M\u00fchye (Mehye) K\u00f6y\u00fc civar\u0131nda g\u00f6m\u00fcl\u00fc olarak bulunur. \u00d6l\u00fcn\u00fcn v\u00fccudundaki izlerden anla\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131na g\u00f6re Ali \u015e\u00fckr\u00fc Bey son nefesine kadar direnmi\u015ftir. \u00d6yle ki s\u0131k\u0131lm\u0131\u015f yumru\u011funun aras\u0131nda Topal Osman’\u0131n evindeki sandalyeden kopard\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir par\u00e7a bulunmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Resm\u00ee tarihe g\u00f6re cesedin bulunmas\u0131ndan sonra, Topal Osman Papaz\u0131n Ba\u011f\u0131’nda k\u0131st\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, 1 nisan\u0131 (1923) 2 nisana ba\u011flayan gece sabaha kadar s\u00fcren \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmada yaral\u0131 olarak ele ge\u00e7irilmi\u015f, hastaneye g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcrken yolda \u00f6lm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Nedense (baz\u0131 kaynaklara g\u00f6re ba\u015f\u0131 kesilerek) alelacele g\u00f6m\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Ancak Meclis Ali \u015e\u00fckr\u00fc Bey’in katilinin yakalanarak Ulus Meydan\u0131’nda idam edilmesi karar\u0131n\u0131 oybirli\u011fi ile ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in, ba\u015fs\u0131z ceset mezardan \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, Meclis’in kap\u0131s\u0131nda, aya\u011f\u0131ndan dara\u011fac\u0131na as\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Cinayetin ard\u0131nda kim var?<\/b><\/p>\n

Ali \u015e\u00fckr\u00fc Bey cinayetinin arkas\u0131nda kim vard\u0131r sorusu o g\u00fcnlerde de, daha sonra da \u00e7ok ki\u015fiyi me\u015fgul etmi\u015ftir. Mustafa Kemal’in neden \u0130stasyon’daki eve ge\u00e7ti\u011fi, Topal Osman’\u0131n neden \u00c7ankaya K\u00f6\u015fk\u00fc’n\u00fc talan etti\u011fi, yaral\u0131 halde yakaland\u0131\u011f\u0131 halde neden kafas\u0131n\u0131n hemen kesilip g\u00f6m\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc gibi konular \u015f\u00fcphe \u00e7ekmi\u015ftir. \u0130lgin\u00e7tir, hemen her konuda bir \u015feyler s\u00f6yleyen Mustafa Kemal, bu konuda suskunlu\u011funu korumu\u015f, Topal Osman’dan “su\u00e7lu” diye de\u011fil “zanl\u0131” diye bahsetmi\u015ftir. Mahmut Golo\u011flu, T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyeti 1923 adl\u0131 kitab\u0131nda, olay\u0131 de\u011fi\u015fik a\u011f\u0131zlardan derledikten sonra Topal Osman’\u0131n Ali \u015e\u00fckr\u00fc Bey’i \u015fahsi husumetinden dolay\u0131 \u00f6ld\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc savunur.<\/p>\n

Ali Fuat Cebesoy Siyasi Hat\u0131ralar adl\u0131 eserinde Mustafa Kemal’in Topal Osman’\u0131n “tepelenmesi” s\u0131ras\u0131nda sessiz kal\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 biraz imal\u0131 bi\u00e7imde anlat\u0131r. O d\u00f6nemde TBMM zab\u0131t k\u00e2tibi olan Mahir \u0130z Y\u0131llar\u0131n \u0130zi adl\u0131 an\u0131 kitab\u0131nda “Bu \u00e7ete \u015fehirde nizam ve intizam\u0131, hem de nizamiye askeri k\u0131\u015flas\u0131nda asker\u00ee disiplini bozacak tav\u0131rlar tak\u0131nmaya ba\u015flad\u0131. Elbette bu gayr\u0131tabii h\u00e2l devam edemezdi. Galiba ‘bir ta\u015fla iki ku\u015f vurulsun’ diye Ali \u015e\u00fckr\u00fc Bey’in v\u00fccudunun ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 Topal Osman’a havale edildi” der. Mustafa Kemal’e \u00f6mr\u00fc boyunca sad\u0131k kalm\u0131\u015f olan Falih R\u0131fk\u0131 \u00c7ankaya kitab\u0131nda, “Topal Osman da en sonunda nizaml\u0131 ordunun k\u0131ta kumanlar\u0131ndan \u0130smail Hakk\u0131 Tek\u00e7e taraf\u0131ndan ve Mustafa Kemal’in emriyle \u00c7ankaya s\u0131rtlar\u0131nda vurulmu\u015ftur” der.<\/p>\n

R\u0131za Nur’un iddialar\u0131<\/b><\/p>\n

Mustafa Kemal’in yeminli d\u00fc\u015fman\u0131 R\u0131za Nur ise Hayat ve Hat\u0131ralar kitab\u0131nda olay\u0131n arkaplan\u0131n\u0131 \u015f\u00f6yle anlat\u0131r: “[Osman A\u011fa] Beni severdi, bana itimad\u0131 vard\u0131. Ben de onu severdim. Meclis’in \u00f6n\u00fcnden ge\u00e7erken dedi ki: ‘Yahu Mecliste bir\u00e7ok vatan haini mebus varm\u0131\u015f, bunlar memleketi sat\u0131yorlarm\u0131\u015f. Niye bana s\u00f6ylemiyorsun. Meclisi bas\u0131p hepsini kesece\u011fim. Ba\u015fka \u00e7are yok, bu kadar emek, bu kadar kan. Memleketi kurtard\u0131k, \u015fimdi bunlar \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131.’… Dedim ki bu hainleri sana kim haber verdi? Dedi ki ‘Oras\u0131n\u0131 sorma!’ Hay\u0131r, illa s\u00f6yle dedim ve zorlad\u0131m. Dedi ki ‘Gazi s\u00f6yledi!’ \u0130\u015f anla\u015f\u0131ld\u0131. Mustafa Kemal \u0130kinci Gruptan b\u00eez\u00e2r (zarar g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015f), \u00e7aresi de kalmam\u0131\u015f. Topal Osman’a bunlar\u0131 katlettirecek…”<\/p>\n

R\u0131za Nur’a g\u00f6re, Topal Osman’\u0131n \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclmesi emrini bizzat Mustafa Kemal vermi\u015ftir. Topal Osman cinayetten sonra Mustafa Kemal taraf\u0131ndan teselli edilmi\u015f, Mustafa Kemal’in evinde saklanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Yine R\u0131za Nur’a g\u00f6re etraflar\u0131 sar\u0131lan Topal Osman ve sekiz adam\u0131 mukavemet etmeden Muhaf\u0131z Alay\u0131 Kumandan\u0131 \u0130smail Hakk\u0131 Bey’e teslim olmu\u015flar, \u0130smail Hakk\u0131 Bey bu dokuz ki\u015fiyi tabanca ile \u00f6ld\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

Olayl\u0131 cenaze t\u00f6reni<\/b><\/p>\n

Ali \u015e\u00fckr\u00fc Bey’in cenaze t\u00f6reni, hem Birinci ve \u0130kinci Gruplar aras\u0131ndaki hem de Enver Pa\u015fac\u0131lar\u0131n g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc oldu\u011fu Trabzon ile Mustafa Kemal aras\u0131ndaki eski husumetlerin tazelenmesine vesile olur. Cenazeyi g\u00f6t\u00fcrmekle g\u00f6revlendirilen Birinci Grup \u00fcyeleri cenazenin Kastamonu \u00fczerinden \u0130nebolu’ya oradan da Trabzon’a g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fclmesini uygun bulurken, \u0130kinci Grup’tan Lazistan Mebusu Ziya Hur\u015fit ve arkada\u015flar\u0131 ise s\u00f6z konusu yolun kardan kapal\u0131 olmas\u0131n\u0131 bahane ederek \u00f6nce \u0130stanbul’a oradan Trabzon’a g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fclmesini isterler. Mustafa Kemal ise, yolun kapal\u0131 oldu\u011funu kabul etmekle birlikte protesto g\u00f6sterilerine neden olur endi\u015fesi ile \u0130stanbul’a g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fclmesine kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kar. Sonu\u00e7ta cenaze \u0130nebolu \u00fczerinden Trabzon’a g\u00f6nderilir ancak yol boyunca ve Trabzon’da h\u00fck\u00fcmet aleyhine olaylar ya\u015fan\u0131r. 4 Nisan 1923’te Barut\u00e7uzadelerin \u0130stikb\u00e2l gazetesinde eski Trabzon Valisi “Deli” Hamit Bey imzas\u0131yla Mustafa Kemal’i hakarete varan a\u011f\u0131r s\u00f6zlerle ele\u015ftiren bir yaz\u0131 yay\u0131mlan\u0131nca Mustafa Kemal, Kaz\u0131m Karabekir’e ” Trabzon’da kaynayan bir kazan var. Sen bunu vaktiyle s\u00f6nd\u00fcrmedin. \u015eimdi de yine kaynamaya ba\u015flad\u0131. Bu sefer kuvvetli bir yumru\u011fu hak ettiler” diyecektir.<\/p>\n

Trabzon muhalefeti<\/b><\/p>\n

Topal Osman’\u0131n cesedi Ulus’ta sallan\u0131rken, TBMM kendini feshederek se\u00e7im karar\u0131 alm\u0131\u015f, ard\u0131ndan ge\u00e7ici se\u00e7im kanunu tadil edilmi\u015f, 15 nisanda 1920 tarihli H\u0131yanet-i Vataniye Kanunu’na alelacele bir ek yap\u0131larak “TBMM h\u00fck\u00fcmetlerinin kararlar\u0131na muhalefet etmek ve Saltanat’\u0131 geri getirmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmak vatana ihanet su\u00e7u” olarak tan\u0131mland\u0131ktan sonra Meclis kapanm\u0131\u015f ve se\u00e7im ortam\u0131na girilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

Mustafa Kemal’in otoriter tavr\u0131n\u0131 halk nezdinde te\u015fhir etmek i\u00e7in se\u00e7imleri f\u0131rsat olarak g\u00f6ren \u0130kinci Grubun, art\u0131k a\u011fz\u0131ndan \u00e7\u0131kacak her c\u00fcmle “vatana ihanet” tan\u0131m\u0131 i\u00e7ine sokulabilecektir. Yine de Rize ve G\u00fcm\u00fc\u015fhane livalar\u0131n\u0131 da i\u00e7ine alan Trabzon Vilayeti’nde Mustafa Kemal’in ekibi aleyhine b\u00fcy\u00fck bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ba\u015flar. Baz\u0131 Trabzonlular muhalefetin dozunu \u00f6yle artt\u0131r\u0131rlar ki, Mustafa Kemal’in foto\u011fraflar\u0131 y\u0131rt\u0131l\u0131r, Latife Han\u0131m ile Mustafa Kemal birlikte filmlerde g\u00f6r\u00fcnd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde \u0131sl\u0131k \u00e7al\u0131n\u0131r.<\/p>\n

May\u0131s ay\u0131nda \u0130ttihat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n eski Maarif Naz\u0131r\u0131 \u015e\u00fckr\u00fc Bey Trabzon’a vali olarak atanarak durum tamamen kontrol alt\u0131na al\u0131n\u0131r. Barut\u00e7uzade Faik Bey ve Hamit Beyler nedamet getirince affolunurlar. Lazistan Mebusu Ziya Hur\u015fit Bey’in adayl\u0131\u011f\u0131 kabul edilmeyerek Meclis d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda kalmas\u0131 sa\u011flan\u0131r, yerine a\u011fabeyi Faik (G\u00fcnday) Bey se\u00e7ilir. B\u00f6ylece Milli M\u00fccadele’nin ba\u015f\u0131ndan beri Ankara’y\u0131 me\u015fgul eden “Trabzon Meselesi” sona ermi\u015f olur. 11 A\u011fustos 1923’te a\u00e7\u0131lan \u0130kinci Meclis’e muhaliflerden sadece G\u00fcm\u00fc\u015fhane Mebusu Zeki (Kadirbeyo\u011flu) Bey ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z olarak girebilmi\u015ftir. Muhalefetsiz Meclis Lozan Bar\u0131\u015f Antla\u015fmas\u0131’n\u0131 imzalar (yine de 14 ki\u015fi ret oyu verir), ard\u0131ndan Ankara ba\u015fkent yap\u0131l\u0131r ve Cumhuriyet ilan edilir. Art\u0131k yeni bir d\u00f6neme girilmi\u015ftir. Ama iktidar-muhalefet ili\u015fkilerinde yeni bir \u015fey yoktur…<\/p>\n

***<\/p>\n

Topal Osman kimdir?<\/b><\/p>\n

Te\u015fkilat-\u0131 Mahsusa’dan Arif Cemil’e bak\u0131l\u0131rsa, Topal Osman’\u0131n tarih sahnesine ilk \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131 1. D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131’n\u0131n ba\u015flamas\u0131yla Giresun’dan toplad\u0131\u011f\u0131 100 ki\u015filik \u00e7eteyle Trabzon hapishanesinin kap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7t\u0131r\u0131p 150 mahk\u00fbmu \u00e7etesine ilave etmesiyledir. Kendi ifadesine g\u00f6re 1. Balkan Harbi’nde yaralanarak topal kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Topal Osman’\u0131n g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fcleri Te\u015fkilat-\u0131 Mahsusa’ya ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak Artvin y\u00f6resindeki Ermeni tehcirinde g\u00f6rev (!) yaparlar. Nisan 1916’da Bor\u00e7ka’da Ruslara kar\u015f\u0131 sava\u015fan T\u00fcrk ordusuna kat\u0131lan Topal Osman, orduda oldu\u011funu unutup kabaday\u0131l\u0131\u011fa devam etmekle kalmay\u0131p, s\u0131cak \u00e7arp\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcnce ka\u00e7ma emareleri g\u00f6sterince, komutan\u0131 kendisini affetmez ve 50 de\u011fnekle cezaland\u0131r\u0131r. De\u011fnekler, kahraman\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n alelacele \u00e7\u00fcr\u00fck raporu al\u0131p memleketine geri d\u00f6nmesine yeter de artar bile. Topal Osman bir s\u00fcre sonra Giresun-Samsun havalisinde ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar. B\u00f6lge uzun s\u00fcredir ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z Pontus Devleti’ni kurmay\u0131 hedefleyen Rum \u00e7eteleri ile u\u011fra\u015fmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

1915 su\u00e7lular\u0131ndan<\/b><\/p>\n

\u0130ttihat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n gizli \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fc Te\u015fkilat-\u0131 Mahsusa’n\u0131n son ba\u015fkan\u0131 H\u00fcsamettin Ert\u00fcrk an\u0131lar\u0131nda, Mustafa Kemal’in 19 May\u0131s 1919’da, 9. Ordu M\u00fcfetti\u015fi s\u0131fat\u0131yla Samsun’a gelir gelmez Havza’da Osman A\u011fa ile g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc anlat\u0131r. H\u00e2lbuki bu s\u0131rada Topal Osman \u0130stanbul Divan-\u0131 Harbi taraf\u0131ndan Ermeni katliamlar\u0131na kat\u0131lmaktan aranmaktad\u0131r. Anla\u015f\u0131lan bu alandaki maharetlerinden Rumlara kar\u015f\u0131 yararlanmak ihtiyac\u0131 do\u011fmu\u015ftur ki, 8 Temmuz 1919’da Osman A\u011fa hakk\u0131ndaki tutuklama karar\u0131 Padi\u015fah Vahdettin taraf\u0131ndan kald\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. Topal Osman, Muhafaza-i Hukuk-u Milliye Cemiyeti’nin Giresun \u015eube Ba\u015fkan\u0131 olur ard\u0131ndan 23 Temmuz 1919’da toplanan Erzurum Kongresi’nde Mustafa Kemal’e muhalefet edenleri sindirme g\u00f6revini ba\u015far\u0131 ile yapar.<\/p>\n

Vapur kazanlar\u0131nda yak\u0131lanlar<\/b><\/p>\n

D\u00f6nemin tan\u0131klar\u0131ndan Hasan \u0130zzettin Dinamo’ya g\u00f6re Mustafa Kemal “Pontus belas\u0131ndan kurtulmay\u0131 Topal Osman’\u0131n tecr\u00fcbeli ellerine” b\u0131rakm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Topal Osman da “Siz hi\u00e7 merak etmeyin Pa\u015fam. Bu Pontus Rumlar\u0131na \u00f6yle bir t\u00fcts\u00fc verece\u011fim ki, hepsi ma\u011faralarda e\u015fekar\u0131s\u0131 gibi bo\u011fulacak” demi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

Falih R\u0131fk\u0131’ya g\u00f6re Topal Osman bas\u0131lan her T\u00fcrk evine kar\u015f\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7 Rum evini basmak, mezar\u0131n\u0131 kendine kazd\u0131r\u0131p diri diri adam g\u00f6mmek, vapur kazanlar\u0131nda k\u00f6m\u00fcr yerine canl\u0131 adam yakmak gibi zul\u00fcm ve i\u015fkenceleri ile b\u00f6lgeyi Rumlardan tamamen temizler.<\/p>\n

Ancak Topal Osman’\u0131n bu “milli” gayretleri, sadece gayr\u0131m\u00fcslimleri de\u011fil, b\u00f6lgenin M\u00fcsl\u00fcman\/T\u00fcrk e\u015fraf\u0131n\u0131 da ma\u011fdur eder. \u00d6rne\u011fin 3. F\u0131rka Komutan\u0131 R\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc Bey, 1920 y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n a\u011fustos ay\u0131nda TBMM’ye g\u00f6nderdi\u011fi mektupta, Osman A\u011fa’n\u0131n e\u015fk\u0131yal\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan, ta\u015fk\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan \u015fik\u00e2yet eder. Mustafa Kemal’den gelen cevabi telgrafta adeta “\u015fik\u00e2yetlere kulak asma, devam et” denmektedir.<\/p>\n

\u015eik\u00e2yetlere kulak veren yok<\/b><\/p>\n

1921’de bu sefer Lazistan (Rize) Mebusu Osman Bey Mustafa Kemal’e bir telgraf g\u00f6nderir. R\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc Bey’in durumu yeterince anlatamad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnden olacak, ayr\u0131nt\u0131lara girer: “Bu cahil adam\u0131n \u015fimdiye kadar Giresun’da yapmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 rezalet kalmad\u0131. Rumlardan ve ahaliden ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 y\u00fcz binlerce liran\u0131n hesab\u0131n\u0131 kimse soram\u0131yor. \u015eimdi e\u015fk\u0131yal\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 Trabzon Liman\u0131 i\u00e7inde yapmaya ba\u015fl\u0131yor ki (…) bu halin devam\u0131 pek \u00e7ok \u00e7irkin olaya sebebiyet verecektir.”<\/p>\n

Ancak, bu mektup da i\u015fe yaramaz.<\/b><\/p>\n

Ayn\u0131 tarihlerde haz\u0131rlanan resm\u00ee bir raporda ise, daha vahim bir iddia vard\u0131r: Topal Osman, Samsun havalisinde 900 ki\u015fiyi bir ma\u011faraya koyup \u00f6ld\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Ama Topal Osman’\u0131n i\u015fledi\u011fi su\u00e7lar, hakk\u0131nda adeta bir referans mektubu i\u015flevi g\u00f6r\u00fcr. A\u011fam\u0131z bir ay sonra TBMM taraf\u0131ndan Mustafa Kemal’in muhaf\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 yapmak \u00fczere Ankara’ya davet edilir. Topal Osman yolda da bo\u015f durmaz ve \u00c7orum-Alaca civar\u0131nda evlere tecav\u00fcz eder, baz\u0131 hayvan ve mallar\u0131 gasp eder.<\/p>\n

Mart 1921’de patlak veren Ko\u00e7giri K\u00fcrt isyan\u0131n\u0131 bast\u0131rmak \u00fczere b\u00f6lgeye g\u00f6nderilen Sakall\u0131 Nurettin Pa\u015fa komutas\u0131ndaki orduya kat\u0131lan Topal Osman’\u0131n 47. Alay\u0131 \u00f6yle zalimane y\u00f6ntemlere ba\u015fvurur ki, Meclis’te b\u00fcy\u00fck tart\u0131\u015fmalar ya\u015fan\u0131r. Topal Osman sadece isyanc\u0131 K\u00fcrtleri de\u011fil, Su\u015fehri, Koyulhisar, Re\u015fadiye, Niksar ve Erbaa’daki Ermeni ve Rumlar\u0131 da \u00f6te d\u00fcnyaya g\u00f6ndermi\u015ftir. Ko\u00e7giri’den Sakarya Meydan Sava\u015f\u0131’na kat\u0131lmak \u00fczere yola \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131nda son bir hamle yapar ve Merzifon’un Rum ve Ermeni ahalisini katleder. Topal Osman Sakarya’da sava\u015ft\u0131ktan sonra sa\u011f salim geri d\u00f6ner.<\/p>\n

Efsanenin dirili\u015fi<\/b><\/p>\n

Bu tarihten sonra Topal Osman A\u011fa, Ankara’da en \u00fcst makamlar\u0131n korumas\u0131 alt\u0131nda iktidar\u0131n tad\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7\u0131karmaya ba\u015flar ama saltanat\u0131 Ali \u015e\u00fckr\u00fc Bey cinayeti ile sona erer. Peki, Topal Osman efsanesinin sonu gelmi\u015f midir? Hay\u0131r, gelmemi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

1925’te bizzat Mustafa Kemal’in emri ile Topal Osman’\u0131n na\u015f\u0131 Giresun Kalesi’nde ilk g\u00f6m\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc yerden al\u0131n\u0131p, yine kale i\u00e7indeki an\u0131tmezara nakledilir. Bu nakil olay\u0131, Giresunlular\u0131n, “Topal Osman’\u0131n \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcyle Mustafa Kemal’in ilgisinin olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131na” y\u00fcrekten inanmalar\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu tarihten sonra Trabzonlular Ali \u015e\u00fckr\u00fc Bey’i “demokrasi \u015fehidi” olarak y\u00fcceltirken, Giresunlular da Osman A\u011fa’y\u0131 adeta kutsal bir fig\u00fcre d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015flerdir.<\/p>\n

12 Eyl\u00fcl darbesinin ard\u0131ndan 1981’de Giresun kendisini kahraman ilan etmek i\u00e7in T\u00fcrk Tarih Kurumu’ndan g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f al\u0131rlar ama gelen cevap olumsuzdur. Ama 1983’te Kenan Evren \u015fehri ziyareti s\u0131ras\u0131nda Topal Osman’dan \u00f6vg\u00fcyle s\u00f6z eder. 1987’den itibaren yerel y\u00f6neticiler 2 nisanda Topal Osman’\u0131 anmaya ba\u015flarlar. Y\u0131llar sonra Susurluk Skandal\u0131’n\u0131n ba\u015fkahramanlar\u0131ndan \u015fimdi Ergenekon san\u0131\u011f\u0131 olarak Silivri’de hapiste olan emekli Tu\u011fgeneral Veli K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck, Giresun’da Jandarma B\u00f6lge Komutanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u0131rada, “Topal Osman A\u011fa’n\u0131n hayat\u0131ndan pek etkilendi\u011fi i\u00e7in” ad\u0131na bir heykel yapt\u0131rmaya karar verir. \u0130stanbul’da yapt\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 heykel, 2001 y\u0131l\u0131nda dikilmesi i\u00e7in Giresun’a g\u00f6nderilir ama d\u00f6nemin belediye ba\u015fkan\u0131, 22. D\u00f6nem CHP Milletvekili ve iki d\u00f6nem Giresun Belediye Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Mehmet I\u015f\u0131k’\u0131n talimat\u0131yla, depoya kald\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. 2002’de heykel konusunda m\u00fclki idare, \u0130\u00e7i\u015fleri ve Genelkurmay aras\u0131nda bir dizi yaz\u0131\u015fma yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 haberleri bas\u0131na s\u0131zar.\u00a0 Ayn\u0131 y\u0131l, Giresun Kalesi’ndeki an\u0131t\u0131n eski T\u00fcrk\u00e7e yaz\u0131l\u0131 kitabesi \u00fczerindeki metinde Topal Osman’\u0131n “Pontus’\u00e7ular\u0131n imhas\u0131ndaki hizmetlerini” \u00f6ven c\u00fcmleleri “milli g\u00fcvenlik siyaseti” a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan sak\u0131ncal\u0131 bulunur ve yerine “milli g\u00fcvenlik siyasetine uygun” Latin harfli yeni plaket konulur. Giresun’un milliyet\u00e7ileri bu gelgitlere bir t\u00fcrl\u00fc anlam veremezler ve celallenirler. Bu celallenme h\u00e2l\u00e2 s\u00fcr\u00fcyor. Ne zaman Topal Osman’dan s\u00f6z a\u00e7sam, mutlaka Giresun’dan tehdit mektuplar\u0131 al\u0131r\u0131m. Bakal\u0131m bu sefer de alacak m\u0131y\u0131m?<\/p>\n

\u00d6zet Kaynak\u00e7a:<\/strong> Damar Ar\u0131ko\u011flu, Hat\u0131ralar\u0131m, Tan Matbaas\u0131, 1961, Rauf Orbay, Cehennem De\u011firmeni, Siyasi Hat\u0131ralar\u0131m-2, Emre Yay\u0131nlar\u0131, 1993; Mahmut Golo\u011flu, T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyeti 1923, Ba\u015fnur Matbaas\u0131, 1971; R\u0131za Nur, Hayat ve Hat\u0131rat\u0131m, 3. Cilt, Yay\u0131nlayan: Heidi Schmit, Alt\u0131nda\u011f Yay\u0131nlar\u0131, 1967; Ahmet Demirel, Ali \u015e\u00fckr\u00fc Bey’in Tan Gazetesi, \u0130leti\u015fim, Cemal \u015eener, Topal Osman Olay\u0131, Etik Yay\u0131nlar\u0131, 1992; \u0130pek \u00c7al\u0131\u015flar, Latife Han\u0131m, Do\u011fan Kitap, 2006; ERG Raporu i\u00e7in.bkz.: http:\/\/erg.sabanciuniv.edu\/sites\/erg.sabanciuniv.edu\/files\/ERG_GerekceMetni_SON.pdf<\/a><\/i><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/i>http:\/\/www.taraf.com.tr\/ayse-hur\/makale-ali-sukru-bey-ve-topal-osman.htm<\/i><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Ay\u015fe H\u00fcr Zorunlu e\u011fitimi 12 y\u0131la \u00e7\u0131karan 4+4+4 Kesintili E\u011fitim Kanunu TBMM’de kabul edildi. E\u011fitim y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n ortas\u0131nda, konunun ilgilileriyle tart\u0131\u015f\u0131lmadan, altyap\u0131s\u0131 haz\u0131rlanmadan, i\u00e7eri\u011fi hakk\u0131nda kamuoyuna bilgi verilmeden, komisyonlarda yeterince tart\u0131\u015f\u0131lmadan, dahas\u0131 usul\u00fcne uygun oylanmadan kabul edilen kanunu, Ba\u015fbakan Erdo\u011fan 28 \u015eubat’\u0131n son izini tarihin tozlu raflar\u0131na g\u00f6ndermek olarak tarif etti. Bense 28 \u015eubat post-modern darbesi […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[14,26,37],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-23930","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-haberler","category-makaleler","category-tarih-sayfalari"],"yoast_head":"\nAli \u015e\u00fckr\u00fc Bey ve Topal Osman - Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/akunq.net\/turkish\/2013\/06\/10\/ali-sukru-bey-ve-topal-osman\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Ali \u015e\u00fckr\u00fc Bey ve Topal Osman - Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Ay\u015fe H\u00fcr Zorunlu e\u011fitimi 12 y\u0131la \u00e7\u0131karan 4+4+4 Kesintili E\u011fitim Kanunu TBMM’de kabul edildi. E\u011fitim y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n ortas\u0131nda, konunun ilgilileriyle tart\u0131\u015f\u0131lmadan, altyap\u0131s\u0131 haz\u0131rlanmadan, i\u00e7eri\u011fi hakk\u0131nda kamuoyuna bilgi verilmeden, komisyonlarda yeterince tart\u0131\u015f\u0131lmadan, dahas\u0131 usul\u00fcne uygun oylanmadan kabul edilen kanunu, Ba\u015fbakan Erdo\u011fan 28 \u015eubat’\u0131n son izini tarihin tozlu raflar\u0131na g\u00f6ndermek olarak tarif etti. 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