{"id":23554,"date":"2013-05-22T04:07:53","date_gmt":"2013-05-22T09:07:53","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=23554"},"modified":"2013-05-22T04:07:53","modified_gmt":"2013-05-22T09:07:53","slug":"dersimi-bombalayan-sabiha-gokcen-mi-hatun-sebilciyan-miydi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/turkish\/2013\/05\/22\/dersimi-bombalayan-sabiha-gokcen-mi-hatun-sebilciyan-miydi\/","title":{"rendered":"Dersim’i bombalayan Sabiha G\u00f6k\u00e7en mi, Hatun Sebilciyan m\u0131yd\u0131?"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"Sabiha<\/a>AY\u015eE H\u00dcR<\/b><\/p>\n

“\u00c7arp\u0131\u015fma meydan\u0131nda canl\u0131 hedef \u00fczerine bomba atmak insana hi\u00e7bir ac\u0131mak hissi vermiyor. \u0130nsan yaln\u0131z vazifesini g\u00f6rmek i\u00e7in aramay\u0131, vurmay\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyor.” (Sabiha G\u00f6k\u00e7en, Tan, 15 Haziran 1937).<\/i><\/b><\/p>\n

Osmanl\u0131\u2019dan beri devlet taraf\u0131ndan bir \u2018\u00e7\u0131banba\u015f\u0131\u2019 olarak nitelenen Dersim\u2019e (bug\u00fcnk\u00fc Tunceli ve havalisi) Cumhuriyet d\u00f6neminin \u2018kat\u2019i m\u00fcdahalesi\u2019 1937 y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n tam bu g\u00fcnlerinde yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. U\u00e7aklardan at\u0131lan 4 May\u0131s 1937 tarihli bildiriyle (hangi dilde oldu\u011funu tespit edemedim) \u201cTeslim edilenler veya kendili\u011finden teslim olanlar dahi Cumhuriyet\u2019in adil muamelesinden ba\u015fka hi\u00e7bir \u015fey g\u00f6rmeyeceklerdir. Aksi takdirde, yani dediklerimizi yapmazsan\u0131z, her taraf\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 sarm\u0131\u015f bulunuyoruz. Cumhuriyet\u2019in kahredici Bildiriyle ayn\u0131 tarihi ta\u015f\u0131yan Bakanlar Kurulu\u2019nun gizli karar\u0131nda ise \u015f\u00f6yle deniyordu: \u201cSadece taarruz hareketiyle ilerlemekle iktifa ettik\u00e7e isyan ocaklar\u0131 daimi olarak yerinde b\u0131rak\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olur. Bunun i\u00e7indir ki, silah kullanm\u0131\u015f olanlar\u0131 ve kullananlar\u0131 yerinde ve sonuna kadar zarar veremeyecek hale getirmek, k\u00f6yleri kamilen (tamamen) tahrip etmek ve aileleri uzakla\u015ft\u0131rmak l\u00fczumlu g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.\u201d<\/p>\n

Sabiha G\u00f6k\u00e7en\u2019in pilotlu\u011fu<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ayn\u0131 g\u00fcnlerde Diyarbak\u0131r\u2019dan kalkan \u00fc\u00e7 u\u00e7ak filosu (16 veya 18 adet Br\u00e9uget) b\u00f6lgeye bombalar ya\u011fd\u0131rmaya ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Bu u\u00e7aklardan birini Mustafa Kemal\u2019in manevi k\u0131z\u0131 ve T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin \u2018ilk kad\u0131n pilotu\u2019 Sabiha G\u00f6k\u00e7en kullan\u0131yordu. Haziran-temmuz aylar\u0131 boyunca k\u00f6yler yak\u0131ld\u0131, y\u0131k\u0131ld\u0131, kad\u0131nlar ve \u00e7ocuklar dahil say\u0131s\u0131z ki\u015fi makineli t\u00fcfeklerle tarand\u0131.
\nSabiha G\u00f6k\u00e7en art\u0131k ulusal kahramand\u0131. Onu ilk kutlayanlar Ba\u015fbakan \u0130smet \u0130n\u00f6n\u00fc ve Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 Atat\u00fcrk\u2019t\u00fc. Atat\u00fcrk \u201cSeninle iftihar ediyorum G\u00f6k\u00e7en! Yaln\u0131z ben de\u011fil, bu olay\u0131 \u00e7ok yak\u0131ndan izleyen b\u00fct\u00fcn bir T\u00fcrk ulusu iftihar ediyor… Gen\u00e7 k\u0131zlar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n neler yapabileceklerini bir kez daha b\u00fct\u00fcn d\u00fcnyaya ispat etti\u011fin i\u00e7in \u00f6v\u00fcnsen yeridir… Biz asker bir ulusuz.Yedisinden yetmi\u015fine, kad\u0131n\u0131ndan erke\u011fine asker yarat\u0131lm\u0131\u015f bir ulusuz… Ancak bizim askerlik anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131m\u0131z asla emperyalist d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncenin yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir anlay\u0131\u015f de\u011fildir… Bar\u0131\u015f amac\u0131 ile asker olan bir ulusun d\u00fcnyadaki yeri bar\u0131\u015f bayra\u011f\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131d\u0131r\u201d demi\u015fti.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Anlaml\u0131 suskunluk <\/strong><\/p>\n

Sabiha G\u00f6k\u00e7en\u2019e 28 May\u0131s 1937 tarihinde, Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131, Ba\u015fbakan ve Genelkurmay Ba\u015fkan\u0131 dahil olmak \u00fczere \u00fc\u00e7 y\u00fczden fazla davetlinin kat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir t\u00f6renle T\u00fcrk Hava Kurumu\u2019nun Murassa (de\u011ferli ta\u015flarla bezenmi\u015f) Madalyas\u0131 verildi. Ancak ortada garip bir durum vard\u0131. Sabiha G\u00f6k\u00e7en\u2019in neden ulusal bir kahraman oldu\u011fu konusunda bas\u0131nda ve kamuoyunda \u00e7arp\u0131c\u0131 bir suskunluk vard\u0131. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc bug\u00fcn art\u0131k ne kadar kanl\u0131 ge\u00e7ti\u011fini bildi\u011fimiz Dersim Harek\u00e2t\u0131 kamuoyundan gizli tutulmu\u015ftu. Nitekim ondan s\u00f6z ederken \u201cAt\u0131n\u0131n \u00fcst\u00fcnde, erkek kahramanlar\u0131 geride b\u0131rakarak, ak\u0131nc\u0131lar\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcne d\u00fc\u015fen Tomris\u2019i T\u00fcrk \u0131rk\u0131 bir kere daha yaratt\u0131. Tayyaresinin i\u00e7inde Sabiha G\u00f6k\u00e7en. Zavall\u0131 Piyer Loti\u2019ler; mezarlar\u0131n\u0131zdan ba\u015flar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 do\u011frultsan\u0131z da, yaln\u0131z dezan\u015fanteliklerine [sevin\u00e7ten ve saadetten mahrum olu\u015flar\u0131na] ac\u0131y\u0131p alaka duydu\u011funuz T\u00fcrk kad\u0131n\u0131n k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcne, kahramanl\u0131\u011f\u0131na, tehlikelere ve g\u00f6klere meydan okuyu\u015funa hayran olmak f\u0131rsat\u0131na kavu\u015fabilseniz\u201d diye \u00f6vg\u00fcler d\u00fczen Havac\u0131l\u0131k ve Spor Dergisi\u2019ne g\u00f6re Sabiha G\u00f6k\u00e7en bu madalyay\u0131 \u2018gerek kurslarda, gerek T\u00fcrk hava ordusu mektep ve k\u0131t\u2019alar\u0131nda b\u00fcy\u00fck muvaffakiyetler [g\u00f6sterdi\u011fi] ve son at\u0131\u015fl\u0131 tatbikatta kahramanca hizmet\u2019 etti\u011fi i\u00e7in alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Kemalist kli\u015fe: Feodaliteyi tasfiye <\/strong><\/p>\n

Dersim Harek\u00e2t\u0131 ve G\u00f6k\u00e7en\u2019in buradaki ba\u015far\u0131lar\u0131 \u00fczerine suskunluk \u0130smet \u0130n\u00f6n\u00fc\u2019n\u00fcn TBMM\u2019de bu konuda yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 konu\u015fman\u0131n ard\u0131ndan bozuldu. 15 Haziran 1937 g\u00fcn\u00fc Tan gazetesinde \u00e7\u0131kan bir yaz\u0131 gazetelerde o g\u00fcne kadar uygulanan (oto)sans\u00fcr\u00fc a\u00e7\u0131klamaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yordu:<\/p>\n

\u201cBirka\u00e7 g\u00fcn evvel ilk kad\u0131n tayyarecimiz Sabiha G\u00f6k\u00e7ene murassa bir madalya verildi\u011fi yaz\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 zaman u\u00e7u\u015f tatbikat\u0131ndaki hizmetlerinden bahsedilmi\u015fti. Bu hizmetlerin mahiyeti sarahatle (a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131kla) ortaya konulmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Buna da sebep \u015fu idi: Feodalizmin son d\u00f6k\u00fcnt\u00fclerinin tasfiyesi i\u00e7in al\u0131nan esasl\u0131 tedbirlerin tarihi bir ehemmiyeti vard\u0131r. Bunlar\u0131n millete ve d\u00fcnyaya etrafl\u0131 bir suretle bildirilmesi, \u0130smet \u0130n\u00f6n\u00fc\u2019n\u00fcn b\u00fcy\u00fck nutkuna b\u0131rak\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131.\u201d
\nNihayet Sabiha G\u00f6k\u00e7en 21 A\u011fustos 1937\u2019de Tan gazetesinden Ahmet Emin Yalman\u2019a Dersim\u2019de ifa etti\u011fi g\u00f6revi gururla \u015f\u00f6yle anlatt\u0131: \u201c…Dersim’deki u\u00e7u\u015flar\u0131m daha heyecanl\u0131 olmu\u015ftur. Bir iki defa pilot, fakat ekseriyetle ras\u0131t (g\u00f6zlemci) olarak u\u00e7tum. B\u00f6yle vaziyetlerde insan harp heyecan\u0131n\u0131 ras\u0131t mevkiinden daha iyi duyuyor. \u0130nsan evvela bombalar\u0131n\u0131 at\u0131yor, bunlar bittikten sonra canl\u0131 hedefler g\u00f6r\u00fcrse, makineli t\u00fcfe\u011fe m\u00fcracaat ediyor. Dersim’de ilk bombard\u0131man\u0131m\u0131n heyecan\u0131n\u0131 unutmam… Muhasama [\u00e7arp\u0131\u015fma] meydan\u0131nda canl\u0131 hedef \u00fczerine bomba atmak insana hi\u00e7bir ac\u0131mak hissi vermiyor. \u0130nsan yaln\u0131z vazifesini g\u00f6rmek i\u00e7in aramay\u0131, vurmay\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyor.\u201d (Sabiha G\u00f6k\u00e7en\u2019in, ad\u0131 1935\u2019te Tun\u00e7eli\u2019ne \u00e7evrilen b\u00f6lgeden hala Dersim diye bahsetmesi ilgin\u00e7ti.)
\n1972 y\u0131l\u0131nda Genelkurmay Ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan yay\u0131mlanan T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyeti\u2019nde Ayaklanmalar (1924-1938) adl\u0131 kitapta ise bu g\u00f6rev biraz daha ete kemi\u011fe b\u00fcr\u00fcnd\u00fc: \u201c…Bu arada Demenanl\u0131 a\u015firet reisleri nezdinde toplant\u0131 halinde bulunan di\u011fer a\u015firet reislerinin, havadan bombard\u0131man edilmek suretiyle toplant\u0131y\u0131 da\u011f\u0131tmak ve a\u015firetler \u00fczerinde moral k\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 bir etki sa\u011flamak l\u00fczumu \u00fczerine Tayyare Alay Komutan\u0131 komutas\u0131nda 15 u\u00e7akl\u0131 bir filo, K\u0131rklar da\u011f\u0131-Darbo\u011faz dere yolu-Zel Da\u011f\u0131-K\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 ve Kosur da\u011flar\u0131 kuzeyindeki Ke\u00e7izeken (Yukar\u0131 Bor) k\u00f6y\u00fcn\u00fc havadan bombalad\u0131. Bu hava taarruzunda \u00f6zellikle Sabiha G\u00f6k\u00e7en han\u0131m\u0131n att\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00a0\u00a050 kiloluk bir bomba Ke\u00e7izeken k\u00f6y\u00fcnden kuzeye do\u011fru ka\u00e7an asi grubuna olduk\u00e7a a\u011f\u0131r zayiat verdirdi\u011fi yap\u0131lan g\u00f6zetlemeden anla\u015f\u0131l\u0131yordu.\u201d
\nHarek\u00e2t\u0131n nas\u0131l sonland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 18 Kas\u0131m 2012 tarihli \u2018Seyit R\u0131za idamdan \u00f6nce Atat\u00fcrk’le g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc m\u00fc?\u2019 ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 yaz\u0131mdan okuyabilirsiniz.\u00a0<\/p>\n

\u2018Sabiha G\u00f6k\u00e7en\u2019 kimdir? <\/strong><\/p>\n

\u015eimdi biraz geriye gidelim ve Sabiha G\u00f6k\u00e7en\u2019in hayat hik\u00e2yesine bir g\u00f6z atal\u0131m. 1990\u2019larda kendisiyle bir r\u00f6portaj yapan Oktay Verel\u2019e babas\u0131n\u0131n J\u00f6n T\u00fcrklerden oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in Abd\u00fclhamit taraf\u0131ndan Bursa\u2019ya s\u00fcr\u00fclen Edirne Defterdar\u0131 Haf\u0131z Mustafa \u0130zzet Bey oldu\u011funu s\u00f6ylemi\u015f, kendi anlat\u0131m\u0131na g\u00f6re 22 Mart 1913\u2019te Bursa\u2019da d\u00fcnyaya g\u00f6zlerini a\u00e7m\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Anne babas\u0131n\u0131 k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck ya\u015fta kaybeden ve a\u011fabeyi ile ya\u015fayan k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck Sabiha\u2019n\u0131n hayat\u0131, 1925\u2019te Mustafa Kemal\u2019in Bursa\u2019y\u0131 ziyareti s\u0131ras\u0131nda k\u00f6k\u00fcnden de\u011fi\u015fmi\u015fti. Korumalar\u0131 atlat\u0131p k\u00f6\u015fk\u00fcn bah\u00e7esine giren k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck Sabiha, okuma azmini \u00f6yle etkili anlatm\u0131\u015ft\u0131 ki, Gazi kendisini evlat edinmeyi \u00f6nermi\u015fti. Olay\u0131 Sabiha\u2019n\u0131n a\u011fz\u0131ndan dinleyelim:
\n\u201cEvimiz, onun misafir kald\u0131\u011f\u0131 cumhuriyet k\u00f6\u015fk\u00fcn\u00fcn hemen yan taraf\u0131yd\u0131. Bir sabah erkenden evin kap\u0131s\u0131na \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131m. K\u00f6\u015fke do\u011fru bakt\u0131m. G\u00f6zlerime inanamad\u0131m. Atat\u00fcrk k\u00f6\u015fk\u00fcn bah\u00e7esinde tek ba\u015f\u0131na y\u00fcr\u00fcy\u00fc\u015f yap\u0131yordu. O s\u0131rada 12 ya\u015f\u0131mda ve ilkokul \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc s\u0131n\u0131ftayd\u0131m. \u0130\u015fgalde okullar kapand\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in tahsilimiz aksam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. \u0130\u00e7imde m\u00fcthi\u015f bir okumak arzusu vard\u0131. A\u011fabeyimin beni \u00e7ok sevmesine ve iyi bakmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen yat\u0131l\u0131 bir okula girebilme\u011fi akl\u0131ma koymu\u015ftum. Acaba bu arzumu gidip Atat\u00fcrk\u2019e s\u00f6ylesem acaba nas\u0131l olur diye d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyordum. Nas\u0131l oldu bilmiyorum. Birden karar\u0131m\u0131 verdim ve k\u00f6\u015fk\u00fcn kap\u0131s\u0131na do\u011fru y\u00fcr\u00fcd\u00fcm. Kap\u0131da asker \u2018Yasak\u2019 diye durdurdu. Gazi uzaktan bize bak\u0131yordu. \u2018B\u0131rak\u0131n gelsin \u00e7ocuk\u2019 dedi. Ko\u015farak gittim ve elini \u00f6pt\u00fcm. Ad\u0131m\u0131 sordu. Heyecandan dilim tutulmu\u015ftu. Bir kelime bile s\u00f6yleyemiyordum. \u2018Gel seninle \u015furaya otural\u0131m\u2019 diyerek elimden tuttu ve bir kanepeye oturduk.\u201d
\n\u201cO kadar m\u00fctevaz\u0131 ve candand\u0131 ki sanki o, B\u00fcy\u00fck Gazi de\u011fil benimle bir okul arkada\u015f\u0131mm\u0131\u015f gibi konu\u015fuyordu. Benim durumumu sordu. Heyecan\u0131m azald\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in bende ona b\u00fct\u00fcn i\u00e7imi d\u00f6kt\u00fcm. Okumak istedi\u011fimi s\u00f6yledim. Dinliyordu. Bir \u015fey s\u00f6ylemiyordu. Ne diyecek diye meraktan \u00f6l\u00fcyordum. Verdi\u011fi cevap beni pek \u015fa\u015f\u0131rtt\u0131. \u2018Seni ben yan\u0131ma alay\u0131m. Benim k\u0131z\u0131m ol ne dersin?\u2019 Hi\u00e7 akl\u0131ma getirmedi\u011fim b\u00f6yle bir durum kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda ne diyebilirdim. \u2018A\u011fabeyime soray\u0131m\u2019, dedim. \u2018Benim Zehra ad\u0131nda bir k\u0131z\u0131m daha var. Onunla beraber okula gidersiniz.\u2019 Diye ilave etti. Arkadan Ba\u015fyaver Rasuhi Bey\u2019e talimat verdi. A\u011fabeyimi \u00e7a\u011f\u0131rtt\u0131lar. Gazi, a\u011fabeyimle bizzat konu\u015ftu. O da raz\u0131 oldu. Birka\u00e7 g\u00fcn sonra, Gazi\u2019nin seyahatte beraberinde bulunan heyetle birlikte Bal\u0131kesir-\u0130zmir yoluyla Ankara\u2019ya geldik. K\u00f6\u015fk\u00fcn bah\u00e7esinde o zaman iki odal\u0131 bir okul vard\u0131. Ad\u0131, \u00c7ankaya \u0130lkokulu idi. Zehra, Rukiye ve di\u011fer \u00e7ocuklarla beraber orada okuma\u011fa ba\u015flad\u0131m. B\u00f6ylece benim i\u00e7in yepyeni bir hayat\u0131n kap\u0131lar\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131.\u201d\u00a0<\/p>\n

Soyad\u0131n\u0131 Atat\u00fcrk veriyor <\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00d6nce \u00c7ankaya \u0130lkokulu\u2019nda, ard\u0131ndan bir s\u00fcre Arnavutk\u00f6y K\u0131z Koleji\u2019nde, bir s\u00fcre \u00dcsk\u00fcdar K\u0131z Lisesi\u2019nde okuyan Sabiha, sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 elvermedi\u011fi i\u00e7in e\u011fitimine ara vermi\u015f, Heybeliada\u2019da ve Viyana\u2019da bir s\u00fcre tedavi g\u00f6rd\u00fckten sonra Paris\u2019e gitmi\u015f; ancak hem memleket, hem de Pa\u015fa\u2019n\u0131n hasretine dayanamayarak, tedavisi biter bitmez T\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye d\u00f6nm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc.
\n1934\u2019te Soyad\u0131 Kanunu \u00e7\u0131k\u0131nca, Mustafa Kemal kendisine G\u00f6k\u00e7en soyad\u0131n\u0131 vermi\u015fti. Belki de bu soyad\u0131n\u0131n etkisiyle, o g\u00fcne kadar havac\u0131l\u0131kla hi\u00e7 ilgilenmezken, May\u0131s 1935\u2019te yeni kurulan T\u00fcrk Ku\u015fu\u2019nun a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u015f t\u00f6reninde Rus \u00f6\u011fretmenlerin plan\u00f6rleriyle yapt\u0131klar\u0131 g\u00f6sterilerden \u00e7ok etkilenmi\u015f ve kendisinin de denemek istedi\u011fini s\u00f6ylemi\u015fti. Atat\u00fcrk\u2019\u00fcn bu iste\u011fe yan\u0131t\u0131 \u015f\u00f6yle olmu\u015ftu: \u201cCesaretini be\u011fendim (…) G\u00f6k\u00e7en soyad\u0131na havac\u0131l\u0131k \u00e7ok yak\u0131\u015f\u0131r do\u011frusu.\u201d
\nPara\u015f\u00fctle ba\u015flay\u0131p u\u00e7aklarla havac\u0131l\u0131\u011fa devam edecek olan Sabiha G\u00f6k\u00e7en i\u00e7in art\u0131k \u2018istikbal g\u00f6klerde\u2019 idi. Birka\u00e7 ay i\u00e7inde T\u00fcrk Ku\u015fu\u2019ndaki e\u011fitimini tamamlayan G\u00f6k\u00e7en, yedi erkek \u00f6\u011frenciyle birlikte Rusya\u2019ya plan\u00f6r \u00f6\u011fretmenli\u011fi e\u011fitimi almaya g\u00f6nderildi. Odessa\u2019da plan\u00f6r \u00f6\u011fretmenli\u011fi diplomas\u0131 alan G\u00f6k\u00e7en, Ankara\u2019ya d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnde Eski\u015fehir Askeri Tayyare Okulu\u2019ndan getirilen motorlu bir u\u00e7akla e\u011fitimine devam etti. Motorlu u\u00e7akla ilk kez tek ba\u015f\u0131na u\u00e7u\u015fundan sonra Atat\u00fcrk kendisiyle ilgili planlar\u0131n\u0131 \u015f\u00f6yle a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131: \u201cTe\u015fekk\u00fcr ederim G\u00f6k\u00e7en (…) Beni \u00e7ok mutlu ettin. \u015eimdi art\u0131k senin i\u00e7in planlad\u0131\u011f\u0131m \u015feyi a\u00e7\u0131klayabilirim (…) Belki de d\u00fcnyada ilk askeri kad\u0131n pilot olacaks\u0131n. Bir T\u00fcrk k\u0131z\u0131n\u0131n d\u00fcnyadaki ilk askeri kad\u0131n pilot olmas\u0131 ne iftihar edici bir olayd\u0131r tahmin ediyorsun de\u011fil mi? \u015eimdi derhal harekete ge\u00e7erek seni Eski\u015fehir Asker\u00ee Tayyare Okulu\u2019na g\u00f6nderece\u011fim. Orada \u00f6zel bir e\u011fitim g\u00f6receksin.\u201d Bu e\u011fitim ger\u00e7ekten \u00f6zel bir e\u011fitimdi, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc okuldaki tek kad\u0131n Sabiha G\u00f6k\u00e7en\u2019di. Ona e\u015flik eden ilkokul \u00f6\u011fretmeni N\u00fcveyre Uygu\u00e7\u2019la birlikte Eski\u015fehir\u2019de iki y\u0131l e\u011fitim g\u00f6ren Sabiha G\u00f6k\u00e7en, hat\u0131rat\u0131na bak\u0131l\u0131rsa, Atat\u00fcrk\u2019\u00fc bizzat ikna ederek, kendi iste\u011fiyle Dersim Harek\u00e2t\u0131\u2019na kat\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Model kad\u0131n\u0131n i\u015fi bitiyor <\/strong><\/p>\n

Ancak, Dersim\u2019deki ba\u015far\u0131lar\u0131ndan (!) dolay\u0131 kendisine madalya tak\u0131ld\u0131ktan sadece be\u015f ay sonra, 29 Ekim Cumhuriyet Balosu\u2019nda, Genelkurmay Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Fevzi \u00c7akmak, askerli\u011fin \u2018kad\u0131n i\u015fi olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131\u2019 Sabiha\u2019n\u0131n y\u00fcz\u00fcne kar\u015f\u0131 en a\u00e7\u0131k \u015fekilde s\u00f6yleyecekti. Nitekim, Sabiha G\u00f6k\u00e7en\u2019in \u2018T\u00fcrk ordusunun di\u015fi ikonu\u2019 olma ser\u00fcveni sadece \u00fc\u00e7 y\u0131l s\u00fcrd\u00fc. 16-21 May\u0131s 1938 aras\u0131nda \u0130stanbul-Atina-Selanik-Sofya-Belgrad-B\u00fckre\u015f-\u0130stanbul aras\u0131nda tek ba\u015f\u0131na yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 u\u00e7u\u015ftan sonra T\u00fcrk Ku\u015fu\u2019nda \u00f6\u011fretmenli\u011fe atan\u0131d\u0131. 1941\u2019de Eski\u015fehir Hava Okulu\u2019nda askeri co\u011frafya ve topografya \u00f6\u011fretmeni olan \u00fcste\u011fmen Kemal Esimer\u2019le evlendi, e\u015fi iki y\u0131l sonra vefat etti, G\u00f6k\u00e7en bir daha evlenmedi. May\u0131s 1954\u2019te T\u00fcrk Ku\u015fu\u2019ndaki g\u00f6revden ayr\u0131lan Sabiha G\u00f6k\u00e7en bu tarihten sonra unutulmaya terk edildi. Sabiha G\u00f6k\u00e7en, 28 Haziran 1987\u2019de Nokta dergisinden H\u0131d\u0131r G\u00f6kta\u015f\u2019a verdi\u011fi r\u00f6portajda harek\u00e2t s\u0131ras\u0131nda halktan \u00f6lenler olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 sorusuna \u015f\u00f6yle yan\u0131t verdi: \u201cYoktu. Ke\u015fif yap\u0131l\u0131yordu, ordunun da istihbarat\u0131 vard\u0131. Biliniyordu bu k\u00f6t\u00fc ki\u015filerin nerede oldu\u011fu. \u00c7oluk \u00e7ocuk olan yerleri do\u011frudan tahrip etmek insanl\u0131k d\u0131\u015f\u0131 olurdu. B\u00f6yle bir \u015fey olmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.\u201d G\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc gibi haf\u0131za-i be\u015fer nisyan ile malul idi! Sabiha G\u00f6k\u00e7en 1996’da bir Falcon 2000’le, ABD\u2019de Daniel Acton e\u015fli\u011finde bir u\u00e7u\u015f yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131nda yeniden hat\u0131rland\u0131. Ocak 2001\u2019de, \u0130stanbul\u2019un Asya yakas\u0131ndaki havaliman\u0131na ad\u0131n\u0131n verilmesinin mutlulu\u011funu ya\u015fayamadan, 22 Mart 2001 g\u00fcn\u00fc 88 ya\u015f\u0131nda, bug\u00fcn baz\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7ok korkutan s\u0131rlar\u0131yla birlikte hayata veda etti.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Hrant Dink\u2019in yaz\u0131s\u0131 <\/strong><\/p>\n

Sabiha G\u00f6k\u00e7en ad\u0131n\u0131n yeniden g\u00fcndeme oturmas\u0131 Agos\u2019un 6 \u015eubat 2004 tarihli n\u00fcshas\u0131nda Hrant Dink imzas\u0131yla \u201cSabiha-Hatun\u2019un s\u0131rr\u0131\u201d ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 yaz\u0131yla oldu. Hrant Dink\u2019i ad\u0131m ad\u0131m \u00f6l\u00fcme g\u00f6t\u00fcren derin kampanyan\u0131n \u00f6nemli malzemelerinden olan bu yaz\u0131da \u2018Sabiha G\u00f6k\u00e7en\u2019in teyzesi oldu\u011funu iddia eden Antep as\u0131ll\u0131 Ermenistan vatanda\u015f\u0131 Hripsime Sebilciyan-Gazalyan\u2019\u0131n anlatt\u0131\u011f\u0131na g\u00f6re Sabiha G\u00f6k\u00e7en\u2019in asl\u0131nda yetimhaneden al\u0131nm\u0131\u015f bir Ermeni k\u0131z\u0131 oldu\u011fu ileri s\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcyordu. Hrant Dink, asl\u0131nda Hripsime\u2019nin bu hik\u00e2yeyi kendilerine 2001 y\u0131l\u0131nda anlatt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, ancak iddialar dayanaktan yoksun oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in o g\u00fcnlerde hayatta olan Sabiha G\u00f6k\u00e7en\u2019in k\u0131r\u0131laca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnerek hik\u00e2yeyi yay\u0131mlamak istemediklerini anlat\u0131yordu. Ancak 2004 y\u0131l\u0131nda Hripsime baz\u0131 foto\u011fraflarla yeniden gelince fikir de\u011fi\u015ftirmi\u015flerdi.
\n21 Subat 2004 tarihli H\u00fcrriyet\u2019te konu Ersin Kalkan\u2019\u0131n \u2018Sabiha G\u00f6k\u00e7en mi Hatun Sebilciyan m\u0131\u2019 ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 yaz\u0131s\u0131yla tekrar g\u00fcndeme gelince, Genelkurmay Ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131\u2019ndan \u015fiddetli bir yalanlama geldi. TSK \u201cB\u00f6yle bir sembol\u00fc amac\u0131 ne olursa olsun, tart\u0131\u015fmaya a\u00e7mak, mill\u00ee b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011fe ve toplumsal bar\u0131\u015fa katk\u0131s\u0131 olmayan bir yakla\u015f\u0131md\u0131r\u201d diyordu. Bu yalanlama ile Hrant Dink\u2019in 19 Ocak 2007\u2019de \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclmesine kadar ya\u015fananlar\u0131 Irk\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u011fa ve Milliyet\u00e7ili\u011fe DurDe! Giri\u015fimi\u2019nin s\u00f6zc\u00fcs\u00fc Cengiz Al\u011fan\u2019\u0131n 19 Ocak 2011 tarihli Taraf\u2019ta yay\u0131mlanan \u2018Hrantlar \u00f6lmez(se) vatan b\u00f6l\u00fcnmez\u2019 ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 yaz\u0131s\u0131ndan okuyabilirsiniz. Gelin biz, \u015fimdi Hripsime Sebilciyan\u2019\u0131n ve ABD, Kanada ve L\u00fcbnan\u2019da ya\u015fayan akrabalar\u0131n\u0131n anlatt\u0131klar\u0131na biraz daha yak\u0131ndan bakal\u0131m.<\/p>\n

Mustafa Kemal yetimhaneden mi ald\u0131?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Nerses Sebilciyan ailesi Halfeti\u2019nin Cibin K\u00f6y\u00fc sakinlerindendi. 17 Temmuz 1915’te k\u00f6y\u00fcn muhtar\u0131 ev ev dola\u015fm\u0131\u015f ve evin b\u00fcy\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne bir evrak teslim etmi\u015fti. Evrakta ailenin 24 saat zarf\u0131nda yola \u00e7\u0131kmalar\u0131 emrediliyordu. Benzer emirler di\u011fer ailelere de gitmi\u015fti. Cibin ve Halfeti\u2019de ya\u015fayan Ermenilere Antep yoluyla Halep’e do\u011fru yola \u00e7\u0131kmalar\u0131 i\u00e7in iki g\u00fcn verilmi\u015fti. Sebilciyan ailesi (Nerses kar\u0131s\u0131 Maryam ile ikisi erkek ve ikisi k\u0131z evlatlar\u0131) \u00e7aresiz yola koyulmu\u015flard\u0131. \u0130lk durak olan Antep’e vard\u0131klar\u0131nda, kafiledeki bir\u00e7ok ailenin de yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi k\u0131zlar\u0131 6 ya\u015f\u0131ndaki Diruhi ile 2 ya\u015f\u0131ndaki Hatun\u2019u g\u00fcvende olmalar\u0131 i\u00e7in misyoner yetimhanesine teslim etmi\u015flerdi. (Hripsime\u2019ye g\u00f6re Cibin\u2019de yetimhaneye vermi\u015flerdi ancak o tarihte Cibin\u2019de yetimhane yoktu. Muhtemelen yanl\u0131\u015f hat\u0131rl\u0131yordu.) Cibin Kilisesi din g\u00f6revlisi Der Nerses Baboyan\u2019\u0131n \u00f6nc\u00fcl\u00fck etti\u011fi kafilenin bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc Suriye’nin g\u00fcneyine, bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc de M\u0131s\u0131r’\u0131n Port Sait s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131na kadar gidecekti.
\n30 Ekim 1918\u2019de Mondros M\u00fctarekesi imzaland\u0131ktan sonra \u0130tilaf Devletleri\u2019nin verdi\u011fi g\u00fcvenceyle evlerine d\u00f6nmeye cesaret eden Ermeniler aras\u0131nda Sebilciyan ailesi de vard\u0131. Aile Antep\u2019e geldi\u011finde heyecanla Amerikan Yetimhanesi\u2019ne ko\u015ftu. Ancak onlar\u0131 k\u00f6t\u00fc bir haber bekliyordu. Hripsime\u2019ye g\u00f6re o d\u00f6nemde b\u00f6lgede g\u00f6revli olan Mustafa Kemal, evlad\u0131 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan, yetimhaneyi dola\u015f\u0131p k\u0131zlar\u0131n en sevimlisini evlat edinece\u011fini s\u00f6ylemi\u015fti. Hatun\u2019u g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015f, \u015firin bir k\u0131z \u00e7ocu\u011fu oldu\u011fundan parma\u011f\u0131yla i\u015faret etmi\u015f ve kucaklam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. \u0130\u015fte o g\u00fcn, Hatun\u2019la Diruhi a\u011flayarak ayr\u0131lm\u0131\u015flard\u0131. Hatun, bu tarihten sonra Mustafa Kemal\u2019in annesi Z\u00fcbeyde Han\u0131m\u2019\u0131n yan\u0131nda kalm\u0131\u015f, 1923\u2019te Z\u00fcbeyde Han\u0131m\u2019\u0131n vefat\u0131ndan sonra, Z\u00fcbeyde Han\u0131m\u2019\u0131n Bursa’daki bir hem\u015ferisinin yan\u0131na verilmi\u015fti. 1925’de de Mustafa Kemal Pa\u015fa’n\u0131n Bursa ziyaretinden sonra Ankara\u2019ya g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc.
\nBu y\u0131llarda \u00a0Nerses \u00f6ld\u00fc ve Maryam ikinci evlili\u011fini \u00fc\u00e7 \u00e7ocuklu Kara Karayan’la yapt\u0131. Ondan da bir o\u011flu oldu. Bu arada k\u0131z\u0131 Diruhi, Sahak Der Gazaryan’la evlendi ve ikisi erkek ve ikisi k\u0131z 4 evlad\u0131 oldu. K\u0131zlar\u0131n birine Hripsime, di\u011ferine Hatun ad\u0131n\u0131 verdi. Anne Maryam, hayat\u0131 boyunca k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck k\u0131z\u0131n\u0131 say\u0131klad\u0131 ve 1947\u2019te Halep’te \u00f6ld\u00fc. Maryam’\u0131n karde\u015fi Garabed’in o\u011flu Apraham Garabedyan, 1955\u2019de Hatun’un izini bulmak i\u00e7in T\u00fcrkiye’ye geldi ve Sabiha G\u00f6k\u00e7en\u2019le Ankara’da bulu\u015ftu. \u0130ki akraba konu\u015ftular, birlikte resim \u00e7ektirdiler. Sabiha G\u00f6k\u00e7en Apraham’a y\u00fckl\u00fc bir maddi yard\u0131mda bulundu ve Apraham Halep\u2019e geri d\u00f6nd\u00fc.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Hatun Sebilciyan Havaliman\u0131 <\/strong><\/p>\n

Yaz\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131na d\u00f6nersek, 4 May\u0131s 1937\u2019de ba\u015flayan resmi terminoloji ile I. Dersim Harek\u00e2t\u0131\u2019n\u0131n, gayri resmi terminoloji ile Dersim K\u0131r\u0131m\u0131\/Tertele\/Soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131\u2019n\u0131n 76. y\u0131ld\u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fcnde, Sabiha G\u00f6k\u00e7en Havaliman\u0131\u2019n\u0131n ad\u0131 dolay\u0131s\u0131yla bu tarih\u00e7e tekrar konu\u015fuluyor. Baz\u0131 Dersimliler, nedense 1937-1938 harek\u00e2tlar\u0131n\u0131n as\u0131l sorumlusu Atat\u00fcrk\u2019\u00fcn ya da asli faillerden Celal Bayar\u2019\u0131n, \u0130smet \u0130n\u00f6n\u00fc\u2019n\u00fcn, Fevzi \u00c7akmak\u2019\u0131n isimlerini ta\u015f\u0131yan mekanlarla ilgili bir s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131 duymazken, Dersim katliam\u0131nda ancak fig\u00fcran say\u0131labilecek Sabiha G\u00f6k\u00e7en\u2019\u0131n ad\u0131ndan \u015fiddetli bir rahats\u0131zl\u0131k hissediyorlar. Benim \u2018e\u015fe\u011fini d\u00f6vemeyenlerin semerini d\u00f6vmesi sendromu\u2019 dedi\u011fim bu garabete Dersimli yap\u0131mc\u0131, ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131, yazar Kaz\u0131m G\u00fcndo\u011fan nihayet nokta koymu\u015f. \u201cK\u0131z\u0131lba\u015flar\u0131n, K\u00fcrtlerin, K\u0131rman\u00e7lar\u0131n, Ermenilerin ve T\u00fcrkmenlerin ortak yurdu olan Dersim\u2019in T\u00fcrkle\u015ftirilmesi ve S\u00fcnnile\u015ftirilmesinde \u2018s\u00fcng\u00fc art\u0131\u011f\u0131\u2019 bir Ermeni\u2019nin kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 ve bu k\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirdi diye ona \u2018d\u00fcnyan\u0131n ilk kad\u0131n sava\u015f pilotu\u2019 payesinin verilmesi Cumhuriyet devletinin kurulu\u015f felsefesini anlamak bak\u0131m\u0131ndan olduk\u00e7a \u00e7arp\u0131c\u0131d\u0131r\u201d diyen Kaz\u0131m G\u00fcndo\u011fan\u2019\u0131n \u00f6nerisi, \u2018gerek 1915, gerekse 1938 de k\u0131r\u0131ma maruz kalm\u0131\u015f kefensiz, mezars\u0131z \u00f6l\u00fclerin, k\u00f6klerinden kopar\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ve isimleri de\u011fi\u015ftirilmi\u015f \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n an\u0131s\u0131na Sabiha G\u00f6k\u00e7en Havaalan\u0131\u2019n\u0131n ad\u0131n\u0131n Xatun (Hatun) Sebilciyan Havaalan\u0131 olarak\u2019 de\u011fi\u015ftirilmesi. Ne dersiniz, \u00e7ok anlaml\u0131 bir \u00f6neri de\u011fil mi?<\/p>\n

\u00d6zet Kaynak\u00e7a:<\/i><\/strong> Sabiha G\u00f6k\u00e7en, Atat\u00fcrk\u2019le Bir \u00d6m\u00fcr, Oktay Verel\u2019in Kaleminden, Alt\u0131n Kitaplar, 1996, Ay\u015fe G\u00fcl Alt\u0131nay, Vatan, Millet, Kad\u0131nlar, \u0130leti\u015fim Yay\u0131nlar\u0131, 2000; Re\u015fat Hall\u0131, T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyetinde Ayaklanmalar, Genel Kurmay Ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 Harp Tarihi Ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 Genelkurmay Bas\u0131mevi, 1972; \u0130smail Be\u015fik\u00e7i, Tunceli Kanunu (1935) ve Dersim Jenosidi, Belge Yay\u0131nlar\u0131, 1990; Cengiz Al\u011fan, \u201cHrantlar \u00f6lmez(se) vatan b\u00f6l\u00fcnmez\u201d, http:\/\/www.marksist.org\/dosyalar\/2809-hrant-dink-ve-ermeni-soykirimi?start=4; Kaz\u0131m G\u00fcndo\u011fan, \u201cSabiha G\u00f6k\u00e7en, Xatun Sebelciyan Havaalan\u0131 olsun!\u201d, http:\/\/www.demokrathaber.net\/tarih\/sabiha-gokcen-xatun-sebelciyan-havaalani-olsun-h17981.html<\/i><\/p>\n

http:\/\/www.radikal.com.tr\/yazarlar\/ayse_hur\/dersimi_bombalayan_sabiha_gokcen_mi_hatun_sebilciyan_miydi-1132252<\/i><\/b><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

AY\u015eE H\u00dcR “\u00c7arp\u0131\u015fma meydan\u0131nda canl\u0131 hedef \u00fczerine bomba atmak insana hi\u00e7bir ac\u0131mak hissi vermiyor. \u0130nsan yaln\u0131z vazifesini g\u00f6rmek i\u00e7in aramay\u0131, vurmay\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyor.” (Sabiha G\u00f6k\u00e7en, Tan, 15 Haziran 1937). Osmanl\u0131\u2019dan beri devlet taraf\u0131ndan bir \u2018\u00e7\u0131banba\u015f\u0131\u2019 olarak nitelenen Dersim\u2019e (bug\u00fcnk\u00fc Tunceli ve havalisi) Cumhuriyet d\u00f6neminin \u2018kat\u2019i m\u00fcdahalesi\u2019 1937 y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n tam bu g\u00fcnlerinde yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. U\u00e7aklardan at\u0131lan 4 May\u0131s […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[14,26,37],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-23554","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-haberler","category-makaleler","category-tarih-sayfalari"],"yoast_head":"\nDersim'i bombalayan Sabiha G\u00f6k\u00e7en mi, Hatun Sebilciyan m\u0131yd\u0131? - Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/akunq.net\/turkish\/2013\/05\/22\/dersimi-bombalayan-sabiha-gokcen-mi-hatun-sebilciyan-miydi\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Dersim'i bombalayan Sabiha G\u00f6k\u00e7en mi, Hatun Sebilciyan m\u0131yd\u0131? - Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"AY\u015eE H\u00dcR “\u00c7arp\u0131\u015fma meydan\u0131nda canl\u0131 hedef \u00fczerine bomba atmak insana hi\u00e7bir ac\u0131mak hissi vermiyor. \u0130nsan yaln\u0131z vazifesini g\u00f6rmek i\u00e7in aramay\u0131, vurmay\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyor.” (Sabiha G\u00f6k\u00e7en, Tan, 15 Haziran 1937). Osmanl\u0131\u2019dan beri devlet taraf\u0131ndan bir \u2018\u00e7\u0131banba\u015f\u0131\u2019 olarak nitelenen Dersim\u2019e (bug\u00fcnk\u00fc Tunceli ve havalisi) Cumhuriyet d\u00f6neminin \u2018kat\u2019i m\u00fcdahalesi\u2019 1937 y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n tam bu g\u00fcnlerinde yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. 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