{"id":22672,"date":"2013-04-02T03:02:37","date_gmt":"2013-04-02T08:02:37","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=22672"},"modified":"2013-04-02T03:02:37","modified_gmt":"2013-04-02T08:02:37","slug":"1916-sykes-picot-duzeni-sona-ererken-baris-ve-adalet-uzerine","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/turkish\/2013\/04\/02\/1916-sykes-picot-duzeni-sona-ererken-baris-ve-adalet-uzerine\/","title":{"rendered":"1916 Sykes Picot d\u00fczeni sona ererken bar\u0131\u015f ve adalet \u00fczerine"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"1916<\/a>Taner Ak\u00e7am<\/strong><\/p>\n

H\u00fck\u00fcmet ve PKK aras\u0131ndaki ate\u015f-kes ilan\u0131, Ortado\u011fu b\u00fcy\u00fck resminin bir par\u00e7as\u0131d\u0131r. \u0130srail\u2019in \u00f6z\u00fcr dilemesi de bu resmin bir ba\u015fka par\u00e7as\u0131n\u0131n tamamlanmas\u0131 anlam\u0131na gelir.<\/i><\/b><\/p>\n

Bug\u00fcnk\u00fc Ortado\u011fu esas olarak 1916 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u0130ngiltere ve Fransa aras\u0131nda yap\u0131lan Sykes-Picot gizli antla\u015fmas\u0131 esas\u0131na g\u00f6re kurulmu\u015ftur. Asl\u0131nda bu antla\u015fmaya da temel te\u015fkil eden 1915 y\u0131l\u0131nda haz\u0131rlanan Bunsen Raporudur. \u0130ngiliz H\u00fck\u00fcmeti taraf\u0131ndan haz\u0131rlanan bu rapor, Ortado\u011fu\u2019nun sava\u015f sonras\u0131 alaca\u011f\u0131 \u015fekle ili\u015fkin bir dizi plan\u0131 i\u00e7ermekteydi.<\/p>\n

Sykes-Picot antla\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n Anadolu i\u00e7in \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fcleri, Bol\u015fevik-Kemalist ittifak\u0131 nedeniyle tutmad\u0131 ama sonu\u00e7ta bug\u00fcnk\u00fc L\u00fcbnan, \u0130srail, Suriye, \u00dcrd\u00fcn ve Irak esas olarak bu antla\u015fman\u0131n \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc olarak ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131lar. Art\u0131k bu d\u00fczen sona eriyor. 21 Mart 2013\u2019de Diyarbak\u0131r\u2019da resmen ilan edilen T\u00fcrk-K\u00fcrt Bar\u0131\u015f Antla\u015fmas\u0131, Sykes-Picot rejiminin resmen bitti\u011finin ilan edilmesidir.<\/p>\n

Ortado\u011fu\u2019da yeni bir d\u00fczen kuruluyor. Bu d\u00fczenin temel dayanaklar\u0131 T\u00fcrk-K\u00fcrt ve Suni Araplard\u0131r. \u0130ngiltere ve Fransa\u2019n\u0131n s\u00f6m\u00fcrgeci ama\u00e7lar\u0131 do\u011frultusunda olu\u015fturdu\u011fu suni s\u0131n\u0131rlara dayal\u0131 ulusal devletler yerini \u00f6nce ekonomik daha sonra siyasi birlikteliklere do\u011fru b\u0131rakacak gibi g\u00f6z\u00fck\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n

Bu yeni d\u00fczende s\u0131n\u0131rlara \u015fimdilik dokunulmayacak ama s\u0131n\u0131rlar anlams\u0131z hale getirilecek. Ortado\u011fu, kendi k\u00fclt\u00fcrel arka plan\u0131na daha uygun yeni bir birlikteli\u011fin e\u015fi\u011finde.<\/p>\n

Osmanl\u0131 \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu \u00fczerine \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan her tarih\u00e7inin bildi\u011fi basit bir ger\u00e7ek vard\u0131r. Bu imparatorluk esas olarak iki b\u00fcy\u00fck eksen \u00fczerine y\u00fckselmi\u015f ve bu iki eksen sayesinde varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 uzun y\u0131llar s\u00fcrd\u00fcrebilmi\u015ftir. Bunlardan birisi \u0130stanbul-Kahire di\u011feri ise \u0130stanbul-Diyarbak\u0131r (Erbil) eksenidir. \u0130stanbul-Diyarbak\u0131r (Erbil) ekseni esas olarak T\u00fcrk-K\u00fcrt dayan\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 sembolize eder. \u0130mparatorlu\u011fun Do\u011fu s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 esas olarak bu eksen sayesinde y\u00fczy\u0131llarca ayakta kalmay\u0131 ba\u015farm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u0130stanbul-Kahire ekseni ise, \u0130mparatorlu\u011fun Suni Arap d\u00fcnyas\u0131 ile ba\u011f\u0131 anlam\u0131na gelir. Napolyon\u2019un 1798\u2019de M\u0131s\u0131r i\u015fgali ile ba\u015flayan s\u00fcre\u00e7 ile birlikte \u0130stanbul-Kahire ekseni k\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ve \u0130mparatorluk h\u0131zla par\u00e7alanma s\u00fcrecine girmi\u015ftir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc L\u00fcbnan ve Suriye\u2019nin M\u0131s\u0131r olmadan bir arada tutulmas\u0131 zordur.<\/p>\n

AKP H\u00fck\u00fcmeti, Ortado\u011fu\u2019daki \u00e7at\u0131\u015fma ve dengesizliklerin en temel nedeninin bu eksenlerin kopmu\u015f olmu\u015f olmas\u0131 ve d\u00fczen ve bar\u0131\u015f i\u00e7in ise bunlar\u0131n yeniden in\u015fa edilmesi gerekti\u011finin fark\u0131ndad\u0131r. Sykes-Picot d\u00fczeni ve bu d\u00fczenin \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc olarak olu\u015fturulmu\u015f diktat\u00f6rl\u00fck rejimleri, bu eksenlerin yeniden in\u015fa edilmesinin \u00f6n\u00fcnde en b\u00fcy\u00fck engeldir. Bu nedenle AKP, hem diktat\u00f6rl\u00fck rejimlerine son verecek, hem de suni ulusal devlet s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131 anlams\u0131zla\u015ft\u0131racak bir \u00e7izgiyi hayata ge\u00e7irmek istiyor.<\/p>\n

T\u00fcrk-K\u00fcrt Suni Arap ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda temelleri at\u0131lan bu yeni birliktelik, e\u011fer Ortado\u011fu halklar\u0131n\u0131n demokratik ve \u00f6zg\u00fcr irade temelinde birli\u011fi ekseninde in\u015fa edilirlerse gelecek \u015fans\u0131 vard\u0131r. Osmanl\u0131, yukardan a\u015fa\u011f\u0131ya ademi-merkeziyet\u00e7i bir yap\u0131y\u0131 hayata ge\u00e7iremedi\u011fi i\u00e7in \u00e7\u00f6km\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr; \u015fimdi bu birlikteli\u011fin a\u015fa\u011f\u0131dan yukar\u0131ya in\u015fa edilmesi kadar do\u011fal ve normal bir s\u00fcre\u00e7 olamaz.<\/p>\n

\u0130srail\u2019in \u00f6z\u00fcr dilemesinin arkas\u0131ndaki nedenlerden birisi bu geli\u015fmelerdir. \u0130srail y\u00f6neticileri fazlas\u0131yla bizim generallere benziyorlar. Devletlerinin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 sava\u015f ve kavga ile s\u00fcrd\u00fcreceklerine inan\u0131yorlar. Bizim generaller gibi, kom\u015fular\u0131n\u0131 ve \u00e7evre halklar\u0131 kendi varl\u0131klar\u0131na y\u00f6nelik tehdit olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcyor ve alg\u0131l\u0131yorlar. Bu alg\u0131n\u0131n olu\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n elbette tarihi nedenleri var, ama bu alg\u0131 \u0130srail\u2019in gelece\u011fi i\u00e7in en b\u00fcy\u00fck tehlike… Zannediyorum Obama, \u0130srail\u2019e, e\u011fer b\u00f6lgede bir devlet olarak var olmak istiyorsa kom\u015fular\u0131n\u0131 tehdit ve d\u00fc\u015fman g\u00f6ren zihniyetten vazge\u00e7mesi gerekti\u011fini anlatabilmi\u015f g\u00f6z\u00fck\u00fcyor. E\u011fer \u0130srail politikalar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6zden ge\u00e7irebilirse, yeni olu\u015fmakta olan T\u00fcrk-K\u00fcrt Suni Arap i\u015fbirli\u011finin kendi g\u00fcvenli\u011fi ve gelece\u011finin garantisi olabilece\u011fini g\u00f6rebilecektir. Hem de \u0130srail\u2019in kendisi, bu yeni yap\u0131lanman\u0131n \u00f6nemli bir unsuru olabilecektir. Demokrasiye en yak\u0131n idare tarzlar\u0131 olmalar\u0131 itibar\u0131yla, T\u00fcrkiye ve \u0130srail Ortado\u011fu\u2019nun demokratik temellerde in\u015fa edilmesinin \u00f6nderli\u011fini bile yapabilirler.<\/p>\n

Ortado\u011fu\u2019da hayata ge\u00e7irilmek istenen yeni birlikteli\u011fin \u00f6n\u00fcndeki bir\u00e7ok ciddi engel oldu\u011fu a\u00e7\u0131k. Bu birliktelikten ho\u015flanmayacak olan ba\u015fka devlet ve kuvvetlerin yapabileceklerini \u015fimdilik bir kenara b\u0131rakal\u0131m. B\u00f6lgenin, demokratik temelde a\u015fa\u011f\u0131ndan yukar\u0131ya in\u015fa edilmesinin \u00f6n\u00fcnde, \u201cevdeki mutfaktan\u201d kaynaklanan ciddi engeller var. Bunlardan birincisi, y\u00f6netici gruplar\u0131n tarihten gelen siyasi k\u00fclt\u00fcr ve y\u00f6netim al\u0131\u015fkanl\u0131klar\u0131d\u0131r. Hi\u00e7 unutmayal\u0131m, b\u00f6lgemizde ya\u015fanan t\u00fcm b\u00fcy\u00fck katliamlar\u0131n ana nedeni, ba\u015fta Hristiyanlar olmak \u00fczere b\u00f6lge halklar\u0131n\u0131n adem-i merkezi idari yap\u0131 isteyen reform talepleridir. Osmanl\u0131 y\u00f6neticiler hemen hemen t\u00fcm reform istemlerine katliamlarla cevap vermi\u015flerdir. 1913\u2019te Paris\u2019te Arap liderlerle, \u0130mparatorlu\u011fun Arap b\u00f6lgelerinde idari reform konusunda anla\u015fan \u0130ttihat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n, bu reformlar\u0131 uygulamak i\u00e7in \u0130stanbul\u2019a gelen Arap \u00f6nderlerini hapse atmas\u0131 s\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc etti\u011fim k\u00fclt\u00fcrel gelene\u011fe verilecek sembolik bir \u00f6rnek te\u015fkil eder.<\/p>\n

Ortado\u011fu\u2019da, T\u00fcrk-K\u00fcrt Suni Arap topluluklar\u0131 ekseninde in\u015fa edilecek yeni birlikteliklerin bir ba\u015fka temel s\u0131nav\u0131, Suni olmayan (Alevi, Hristiyan ve Yahudi) topluluklarla ili\u015fkileri konusudur. Bu konuda \u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fczde \u015fimdilik \u00e7ok umut verici bir tablo yok. \u00d6calan\u2019\u0131n, biraz da AKP kurmaylar\u0131n\u0131n dili kokan Newroz mesaj\u0131ndaki, a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 \u0130slam Birli\u011fi vurgusu; T\u00fcrk ve K\u00fcrtlerin Birinci Cihan Harbi ve sonras\u0131ndaki ortakl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fcceltilmesi, \u015fu ifade ile birlikte ele al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ortaya karamsar bir tablo \u00e7\u0131kartmaktad\u0131r: \u201cGer\u00e7ek anlam\u0131nda, bu [\u0130slam bayra\u011f\u0131 alt\u0131ndaki] karde\u015flik hukukunda fetih, inkar, red, zorla asimilasyon ve imha yoktur, olmamal\u0131d\u0131r.\u201d Oysa, gerek Apo (PKK) ve gerekse AKP kurmaylar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan \u00f6v\u00fclen, \u0130slami birlik temelindeki T\u00fcrk-K\u00fcrt \u201ckarde\u015flik hukukunun\u201d, Hristiyanlar\u0131n imha edilmeleri ve Anadolu\u2019dan s\u00fcr\u00fclmeleri anlam\u0131na geldi\u011fini bilmeyen yoktur.<\/p>\n

Bu ifadelerin anlam\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131kt\u0131r: \u015fu andaki hali ile ilan edilen T\u00fcrk-K\u00fcrt bar\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n, tarihle y\u00fczle\u015fme gibi bir program\u0131 yoktur. Tarihiyle y\u00fczle\u015fmeyen ve ge\u00e7mi\u015fte i\u015flenmi\u015f cinayetlere ili\u015fkin a\u00e7\u0131k bir \u00f6zele\u015ftiriyi i\u00e7ermeyen bir Ortado\u011fu projesinin hem demokratik bir gelecek in\u015fa etme \u015fans\u0131 zay\u0131ft\u0131r hem de bug\u00fcn Hristiyanlara vaat edece\u011fi \u00e7ok fazla bir \u015fey de yoktur. Ge\u00e7mi\u015fte bu karde\u015flikten en b\u00fcy\u00fck zarar\u0131 g\u00f6ren Hristiyanlar\u0131n, yar\u0131n da en b\u00fcy\u00fck zarar\u0131 g\u00f6recek gurup olaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6ylemek i\u00e7in kahin olmaya gerek yok. Bu tabloya elbette Alevileri ve di\u011fer az\u0131nl\u0131klar\u0131 da eklemek gerekecektir.<\/p>\n

PKK ve Apo bu durumu muhtemel \u201czorunlu bir taktik ad\u0131m\u201d olarak a\u00e7\u0131klamak isteyecektir. 2015\u2019e do\u011fru, H\u00fck\u00fcmetin \u00c7anakkale sava\u015f ve zaferini, Ermeni soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 alternatif olarak dikmek istedi\u011fi ko\u015fullarda, Apo\u2019nun, \u201cErmeni, Rum ve Yahudi lobileri\u201d hakk\u0131ndaki, ayn\u0131 T\u00fcrk Devlet yetkilileri a\u011fz\u0131 ile konu\u015fmas\u0131 ile birle\u015ftirilince, bu ad\u0131mlar\u0131n ne kadar \u201ctaktik zorunluluk\u201d olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 hep beraber izleyece\u011fiz.<\/p>\n

Ortadaki tablo, bize bir tarihi ger\u00e7ekli\u011fi daha hat\u0131rlat\u0131yor. Baz\u0131 etnik ve din gruplar\u0131n\u0131n birbiri ile anla\u015farak bar\u0131\u015f ve demokrasiyi tesis etmelerinin bir fiyat\u0131 vard\u0131r ve bu fiyat bir \u00e7ok durumda ba\u015fka halklar taraf\u0131ndan \u00f6denmektedir. Amerikan demokrasinin, K\u0131z\u0131lderililerin imhas\u0131 \u00fczerine in\u015fa edilmesi buna verilebilecek \u00f6rneklerin ba\u015f\u0131nda gelir. Michael Mann bunu, \u201cdemokrasilerin karanl\u0131k y\u00fcz\u00fc\u201d kavram\u0131 ile a\u00e7\u0131klar. Ortado\u011fu\u2019da i\u00e7ine girilen yeni s\u00fcrecin \u201ckaranl\u0131k y\u00fcz\u00fc\u201d, Aleviler ve Hristiyanlar taraf\u0131ndan \u00f6denecek fiyat m\u0131 olacak, bunu zaman g\u00f6sterecek.<\/p>\n

\u015eimdilik fazla spek\u00fclasyon yapmaya gerek yok. T\u00fcrk-K\u00fcrt bar\u0131\u015f\u0131 ve silahlar\u0131n susmu\u015f olmas\u0131 kutlanmas\u0131 ve selamlanmas\u0131 gereken bir ad\u0131md\u0131r. Sonu\u00e7ta bug\u00fcne kadar, sava\u015farak ve silahlar\u0131n\u0131 konu\u015fturarak, siyasetin alan\u0131n\u0131 daraltanlar, \u015fimdi bizlere siyaset yapman\u0131n alan\u0131n\u0131 ve imkan\u0131n\u0131 sunmaktad\u0131rlar. Bu b\u00fcy\u00fck bir d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcmd\u00fcr. Tek bir Mehmet\u00e7i\u011fin, tek bir Gerillan\u0131n \u00f6lmeyecek olmas\u0131ndan daha g\u00fczel, daha anlaml\u0131 bir \u015fey olamaz. Bizlerin de elimizi ta\u015f\u0131n alt\u0131na sokmam\u0131z; bu bar\u0131\u015fa t\u00fcm imkanlar\u0131m\u0131zla destek vermemiz gerekir. Ama bar\u0131\u015f yan\u0131nda, onun kadar \u00f6nemli bir ba\u015fka \u015fey daha var. O da, sava\u015f s\u0131ras\u0131nda zarara u\u011fram\u0131\u015f insanlar\u0131n adalet arzusudur. \u0130lan edilen bar\u0131\u015f, do\u011frudan sava\u015fan taraflarca, yani bu adaletsizlikleri yaratm\u0131\u015f \u00e7evrelerce ilan edildi\u011fi i\u00e7in, ge\u00e7mi\u015fte ya\u015fanm\u0131\u015f haks\u0131zl\u0131klara ili\u015fkin adalet getirebilir mi? \u00d6n\u00fcm\u00fczdeki s\u00fcre\u00e7te bar\u0131\u015f ve adalet ili\u015fkisi nas\u0131l olacakt\u0131r? Bu kendi ba\u015f\u0131na ayr\u0131 bir yaz\u0131 konusudur.<\/p>\n

http:\/\/t24.com.tr\/haber\/1916-sykes-picot-duzeni-sona-ererken-baris-ve-adalet-uzerine\/226814?fb_action_ids=441491659267558&fb_action_types=og.likes&fb_source=aggregation&fb_aggregation_id=288381481237582<\/i><\/b><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Taner Ak\u00e7am H\u00fck\u00fcmet ve PKK aras\u0131ndaki ate\u015f-kes ilan\u0131, Ortado\u011fu b\u00fcy\u00fck resminin bir par\u00e7as\u0131d\u0131r. \u0130srail\u2019in \u00f6z\u00fcr dilemesi de bu resmin bir ba\u015fka par\u00e7as\u0131n\u0131n tamamlanmas\u0131 anlam\u0131na gelir. Bug\u00fcnk\u00fc Ortado\u011fu esas olarak 1916 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u0130ngiltere ve Fransa aras\u0131nda yap\u0131lan Sykes-Picot gizli antla\u015fmas\u0131 esas\u0131na g\u00f6re kurulmu\u015ftur. Asl\u0131nda bu antla\u015fmaya da temel te\u015fkil eden 1915 y\u0131l\u0131nda haz\u0131rlanan Bunsen Raporudur. \u0130ngiliz […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[14,26],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-22672","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-haberler","category-makaleler"],"yoast_head":"\n1916 Sykes Picot d\u00fczeni sona ererken bar\u0131\u015f ve adalet \u00fczerine - Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/akunq.net\/turkish\/2013\/04\/02\/1916-sykes-picot-duzeni-sona-ererken-baris-ve-adalet-uzerine\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"1916 Sykes Picot d\u00fczeni sona ererken bar\u0131\u015f ve adalet \u00fczerine - Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Taner Ak\u00e7am H\u00fck\u00fcmet ve PKK aras\u0131ndaki ate\u015f-kes ilan\u0131, Ortado\u011fu b\u00fcy\u00fck resminin bir par\u00e7as\u0131d\u0131r. \u0130srail\u2019in \u00f6z\u00fcr dilemesi de bu resmin bir ba\u015fka par\u00e7as\u0131n\u0131n tamamlanmas\u0131 anlam\u0131na gelir. Bug\u00fcnk\u00fc Ortado\u011fu esas olarak 1916 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u0130ngiltere ve Fransa aras\u0131nda yap\u0131lan Sykes-Picot gizli antla\u015fmas\u0131 esas\u0131na g\u00f6re kurulmu\u015ftur. 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