{"id":16621,"date":"2012-07-12T02:33:37","date_gmt":"2012-07-12T07:33:37","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=16621"},"modified":"2012-07-12T02:33:37","modified_gmt":"2012-07-12T07:33:37","slug":"1894-96-ermeni-katliamlari-ve-charmetant-raporu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/turkish\/2012\/07\/12\/1894-96-ermeni-katliamlari-ve-charmetant-raporu\/","title":{"rendered":"1894-96 Ermeni Katliamlar\u0131 ve Charmetant raporu"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"<\/a>Sait \u00c7etino\u011flu<\/strong><\/p>\n

Abd\u00fclhamid d\u00f6neminde Ermenilere kar\u015f\u0131 ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen 1894-96 katliamlar\u0131 1915 Soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n g\u00f6lgesinde kalmaktad\u0131r. Bunun nedeni 20. Y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ilk b\u00fcy\u00fck soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n boyutu ve vah\u015fetinden kaynaklanmaktad\u0131r. Oysa 1894-96 katliamlar\u0131 ve ard\u0131nda b\u0131rakt\u0131\u011f\u0131 izler son derece derin ve \u00f6nemlidir. Bunlardan birka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131 sayarsak: Bu katliamlar\u0131n arkas\u0131nda kitlesel olarak Ermeniler \u0130slam’a ge\u00e7irilmi\u015flerdir. Diyarbak\u0131r \u0130ngiliz konsolos Yard\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131 bu s\u00fcrecin alt\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7izerek \u00f6rnekler verir; \u201cOsmanl\u0131 \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu i\u00e7inde iki bu\u00e7uk as\u0131rda meydana gelen olaylar\u0131 hat\u0131rlayal\u0131m. T\u00fcrkiye denilen kanl\u0131 ve harap \u00fclkede serbest\u00e7e katliamlar k\u0131r\u0131mlar talanlar devletin keyfi hareketleri ve bask\u0131lar devam etmektedir. Bu durum sonucunda R\u0131\u015ftuni Ermeni a\u015fireti din de\u011fi\u015ftirerek K\u00fcrt Re\u015fkota a\u015fireti ad\u0131n\u0131 al\u0131r ve ya\u015fad\u0131klar\u0131 yeri terk etmek istemezler. Ermeni Pakraduniler, K\u00fcrt Bak\u0131ra a\u015fireti, Mamikonyanlar Mam\u0131ka, Alyanlar Al\u0131ka, Moka\u2019l\u0131lar Motka adlar\u0131n\u0131 alarak \u0130slamla\u015f\u0131r, K\u00fcrtle\u015firler. Masis (Tur Abdin) Ermeni ve S\u00fcryani n\u00fcfusu Yakubi Patrik \u0130smail \u00f6nc\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde inan\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirip K\u00fcrt Mahallemi Bekli\u011fini kurdular. Patrik \u0130smail \u015eeyh \u0130smail ad\u0131n\u0131 al\u0131r ve \u0130slamla\u015fm\u0131\u015f K\u00fcrtle\u015fmi\u015f halk\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131na ge\u00e7er. B\u00f6ylece kendi da\u011f ve tepelerinde ya\u015famaya devam ettiler. Bu da\u011f\u0131n bahts\u0131z \u00e7ocuklar\u0131 Hayga \u0131rk\u0131n\u0131n ac\u0131 k\u0131r\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131d\u0131r.\u201d[1]<\/a> \u0130kincisi bu katliamlar Ermeni erkeklere, \u00a0daha \u00e7ok Ermeni gen\u00e7 erkeklerine y\u00f6neliktir ve bunun sonucunda 1915 Soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131nda Ermeni toplumunun tehcir s\u0131ras\u0131nda korumas\u0131z kalmas\u0131n\u0131n ve Soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131n \u00e7ok kolay ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilmesinin ba\u015fl\u0131ca etkenlerinden biridir. Wolfgang \u00a0Gust T\u00fcrk sultan\u0131 Abd\u00fclhamit\u2019in kendi tebaas\u0131 olan Ermenilerden binlercesini \u00f6ld\u00fcrtt\u00fc\u011f\u00fc 1894\u2019ten 1896\u2019ya de\u011fin s\u00fcren b\u00fcy\u00fck katliamlardan sonra Ermeni dullara i\u015f temin eden bir hal\u0131 fabrikas\u0131 ve \u0130svi\u00e7reli Diyakon (hastabak\u0131c\u0131) Jakob K\u00fcnzler\u2019in y\u00f6netti\u011fi bir hastaneden olu\u015fan bir sosyal yard\u0131m \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fc\u201dnden[2]<\/a> s\u00f6z eder. Bir \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fcs\u00fc de bu katliamlar bir anlamda 1915\u2019in provalar\u0131ndan biridir. Liste uzat\u0131labilir.<\/p>\n

George A. Bournoution, Ermeni Tarihi<\/em> adl\u0131 kapsaml\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131nda 1894-96 katliamlar\u0131n\u0131 \u015fu s\u00f6zlerle \u00f6zetler; \u201c \u0130stabuldan gelen emir do\u011frultusunda, Ermeni k\u00f6ylerine ve alt\u0131 ermeni vilayetindeki Ermeni mahallelerine sistematik sald\u0131r\u0131lar ba\u015flad\u0131. Katliamlar, zor kullanarak din de\u011fi\u015ftirmeler ve ya\u011f\u00admalar 1896 yazma kadar s\u00fcrd\u00fc. Kaynaklarda, 100.000 ila 200.000 aras\u0131nda Ermeni’nin \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, yar\u0131m milyondan fazlas\u0131n\u0131n sefalete terk edildi\u011fi ifade edilmektedir.[3]<\/a> Y\u00fczlerce manast\u0131r ve kilisenin kutsi\u00adyetine sayg\u0131s\u0131zl\u0131k edilmi\u015f, y\u0131k\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ya da camiye \u00e7evrilmi\u015f; say\u0131s\u0131z k\u00f6y ihtidaya mecbur edilmi\u015fti. Silahl\u0131 Ermenilerin kendini savundu\u011fu Van ve Zeytun daha az hasar g\u00f6rd\u00fc. T\u00fcm bunlar olup biterken, \u0130n\u00adgiliz, Frans\u0131z ve Rus el\u00e7iler protestoyla yetinip, eyleme ge\u00e7meyi red\u00addettiler. Sason, Bitlis, Van ve Mu\u015f’ta, kendini savunabilen bir avu\u00e7 silahl\u0131 fedainin haricinde, Ermenilerin b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011fu tepki vere\u00admeyecek kadar \u015fa\u015fk\u0131nd\u0131. On binlercesi Arap topraklar\u0131na, Avrupa’ya ve ABD’ye g\u00f6\u00e7 etti. Siyasi g\u00f6steriler bir anda siliniverdi.\u201d[4]<\/a><\/p>\n

Bournoution, Katliamlar\u0131n Ermeni toplumu \u00fczerindeki y\u0131k\u0131m\u0131 ve s\u00fcregelen katliamlar\u0131n \u00f6nlenmesi i\u00e7in bu katliamlara b\u00fcy\u00fck devletlerin dikkatini \u00e7ekmek amac\u0131yla 1896 Osmanl\u0131 Bankas\u0131 bask\u0131n\u0131n\u0131 ve ard\u0131ndan gelen \u0130stanbul katliamlar\u0131ndan da s\u00f6z ederek bu katliamlarda katledilen 6.000 ermeni gencine dikkat \u00e7eker; \u201c[1894-96 katliamlar\u0131nda] Armenagan Partisi’nin ve H\u0131n\u00e7aklar\u0131n \u00fcst kadrolar\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde yok edildi; hayatta kalan tek Ermeni siyasi \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc Ta\u015fnak’t\u0131. Avrupa\u00adl\u0131lar\u0131n kay\u0131ts\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131, o zamana kadar H\u0131n\u00e7aklar\u0131n d\u00fczenledi\u011fi g\u00f6sterile\u00adre kat\u0131lmayan Ta\u015fnaklar\u0131 harekete ge\u00e7meye sevk etti. 26 A\u011fustos 1896’da yirmi alt\u0131 Ta\u015fnak, gen\u00e7 Papken Suni \u00f6nderli\u011finde, patlay\u0131c\u0131\u00adlarla donanarak \u0130stanbul’daki Osmanl\u0131 Bankas\u0131’n\u0131 i\u015fgal etti.[5]<\/a> Talepleri aras\u0131nda genel af, el konulan m\u00fclklerin iadesi, alt\u0131 vilayette Avrupal\u0131 yetkililerin g\u00f6zetiminde reformlar\u0131n h\u0131zla hayata ge\u00e7irilmesi ve kuru\u00adlacak karma bir M\u00fcsl\u00fcman-Ermeni zab\u0131ta g\u00fcc\u00fc yer al\u0131yordu. \u0130\u00e7lerin\u00adden 10’u ku\u015fatmada \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc. Kalanlar, taleplerinin dikkate al\u0131naca\u00ad\u011f\u0131 hususunda Avrupal\u0131 diplomatlarca ikna edildikten sonra eyleme son verdiler. G\u00fcvenliklerinin sa\u011flanaca\u011f\u0131 konusunda g\u00fcvence alarak gemiyle Avrupa’ya gittiler. Tepki de gecikmedi; h\u00fck\u00fcmetin k\u0131\u015fk\u0131rt\u00admas\u0131yla \u00e7\u0131kan \u0130stanbul’daki ayaklanmalar yakla\u015f\u0131k 6.000 Ermeni’nin can\u0131na mal oldu. Avrupa’n\u0131n, olaylar\u0131 protesto etmesine Osmanl\u0131 in\u00adk\u00e2rla ve su\u00e7u Ermeni tedhi\u015f\u00e7iler<\/em>e y\u00fcklemekle cevap verdi.\u201d[6]<\/a> Ta\u015fnak militanlar\u0131n\u0131n bu eylemi de bat\u0131\u2019y\u0131 harekete ge\u00e7irememi\u015f, Ermeni gen\u00e7li\u011finin Hamid y\u00f6netimince k\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 \u00f6nlenememi\u015ftir. Hamid, Ermeni vilayetlerinde Hamidiye alaylar\u0131<\/em> vas\u0131tas\u0131yla K\u00fcrtleri tetik\u00e7i olarak kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi \u0130stanbul\u2019da da \u201cErmenilere y\u00f6nelik \u015fiddet hareketlerinde \u00f6n s\u0131rada \u201cbaltac\u0131lar\u201d ad\u0131 verilen K\u00fcrt hamallar bulunmaktayd\u0131. Baz\u0131 kaynaklar Abd\u00fclhamit\u2019in K\u00fcrt hamallar\u0131 \u00f6zellikle Ermenilere kar\u015f\u0131 mevzilendirmek i\u00e7in \u0130stanbul\u2019a yerle\u015ftirdi\u011fini yazmaktad\u0131r.[7]<\/a> Bu olaylar sonucunda Kumkap\u0131\u2019da yo\u011fun olarak bulunan Ermeni hamallar\u0131n yerini K\u00fcrt hamallar\u0131 alm\u0131\u015f, meslekte \u0130stanbul egemeni olmu\u015flard\u0131.[8]<\/a>\u201d[9]<\/a><\/p>\n

Hans-Lukas Kieser, katliamlar\u0131n \u00f6ncesinde, \u201c[B]a\u015fkent de d\u00e2hil \u00fcl\u00adkenin geri kalan t\u00fcm b\u00f6l\u00fcmlerinin aksine, Tanzimat’la beraber Do\u011fu Vilayetleri’ne atanan t\u00fcm Ermeni memurlar\u0131n g\u00f6revden al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n belirtilmesi de gerek[ti\u011finin]\u201d alt\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7izer.[10]<\/a><\/p>\n

T\u00fcm kurbanlar\u0131 Ermenilerden olu\u015fan pogroma neden olan olay, eski Van valisine kim taraf\u0131n\u00addan d\u00fczenlendi\u011fi belli olmayan bir suikastt\u0131. Osmanl\u0131da reform\u2019<\/em>un ard\u0131ndan katliam\u2019\u0131n gelmesi bir gelenektir. Reformlar\u0131n telaffuzu ve antla\u015fmalar\u0131n yap\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n ard\u0131ndan gelen katliamlar\u0131n bir kronolojisini \u00e7\u0131karan Levon Vartan[11]<\/a>, Katliamlar ve reformlar aras\u0131ndaki ba\u011f\u0131nt\u0131y\u0131 ortaya koyar. \u00a0K\u0131y\u0131mlar\u0131n b\u00fc\u00ady\u00fck \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011fu, \u201cAvrupal\u0131lar\u0131n reform taleplerinin sultan tara\u00adf\u0131ndan \u015fa\u015f\u0131lacak bir \u015fekilde kabul edildi\u011fi 17 Ekim 1895 tari\u00adhinden sonraki g\u00fcnlerde ve haftalarda ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti. D\u00fczinelerce \u015fehirde ve y\u00fczlerce k\u00f6yde, M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar H\u0131ristiyanlara kar\u015f\u0131 katliamlar d\u00fczenlediler. Erzurum’da, al\u0131\u015f\u0131lmad\u0131k uzunlukta bir \u00f6\u011fle namaz\u0131 sonra\u00ads\u0131nda i\u015fitilen borazan 25 Ekim pogromunun ba\u015flang\u0131c\u0131n\u0131 ha\u00adber verirken, \u00fc\u00e7 saat sonra i\u015fitilen borazan, katliam\u0131n sonunu, ak\u015fam i\u015fitilen borazan ise ya\u011fman\u0131n sonunu bildiriyordu. As\u00adker\u00ee devriyelerin de kat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 pogrom, sadece valinin direni\u015fi sayesinde belli s\u0131n\u0131rlar i\u00e7inde kalabilmi\u015fti (yakla\u015f\u0131k d\u00f6rt y\u00fcz Ermeni \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc). B\u00f6lgedeki Amerikan misyonunun y\u00f6\u00adneticisi ve g\u00f6rg\u00fc \u015fahidi olan William Chambers’in bildirdi\u011fine g\u00f6re, iki g\u00fcn sonra beyaz sar\u0131kl\u0131 S\u00fcnniler taraf\u0131ndan \u00e7\u0131kart\u0131lan bir kar\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131n pogroma d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fmemesi de, ancak valinin en\u00adgelleme \u00e7abalar\u0131yla m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olabilmi\u015fti. Chambers, ayn\u0131 za\u00admanda, bir zamanlar \u015eakir Pa\u015fa’n\u0131n komisyonuyla beraber zi\u00adyaret etti\u011fi Erzurum’un do\u011fusundaki Ele\u015fkirt’te katliam yap\u0131l\u00admamas\u0131n\u0131 da \u015fa\u015fk\u0131nl\u0131kla kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131yordu. Sonradan Ele\u015fkirt kay-makam\u0131yla yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmede, hem onun hem de sorumlu subaylar\u0131n katliam politikas\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 ve ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 korkutma y\u00f6ntemleriyle S\u00fcnni K\u00fcrtleri, Ermeni k\u00f6ylerinde pogrom d\u00fczenlemekten al\u0131koyabildiklerini \u00f6\u011frenmi\u015f, b\u00f6ylece \u015fa\u015fk\u0131nl\u0131k nedenini a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131\u011fa kavu\u015fturmu\u015ftu.[12]<\/a> Demografik anlamda en geni\u015f grup olarak pogromlara bil\u00adhassa K\u00fcrtler -sadece Hamidiye Alaylar\u0131 de\u011fil- kat\u0131lmaktayd\u0131. Harput’tan g\u00f6nderilen misyoner raporlar\u0131ndan anla\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131na g\u00f6re, Alevi K\u00fcrtler sadece ya\u011fmaya kat\u0131lmakla yetiniyorlard\u0131. Bu olaylar Aleviler i\u00e7in maddi anlamda \u00e7\u0131kar sa\u011flayabilecekleri sosyal bir patlama niteli\u011fi ta\u015f\u0131rken, S\u00fcnniler i\u00e7in din\u00ee temel\u00adde iktidar sorunu daha \u00f6nemli bir rol oynuyordu. Bir\u00e7ok belir\u00adti, katliamlar\u0131n yerel zeminde camilerde \u00f6zenle planlanm\u0131\u015f ol\u00addu\u011funu ortaya koymaktad\u0131r. G\u00e2vur asilerin <\/em>katledilmesi -genellikle sadece erkekler ve erkek \u00e7ocuklar[13]<\/strong><\/strong><\/a> -, radikal S\u00fcnni\u00adler taraf\u0131ndan kutsal bir g\u00f6rev addediliyordu. Cinayetlerin bu din\u00ee karakterine pek \u00e7ok g\u00f6rg\u00fc \u015fahidi i\u015faret etmekteydi. S\u00f6zl\u00fc bir \u015fahadet sonras\u0131nda, \u0130sl\u00e2m’\u0131 kabul edenlerin ve s\u00fcnnet olan\u00adlar\u0131n hayatlar\u0131n\u0131n ba\u011f\u0131\u015flanmas\u0131 dikkat \u00e7ekicidir; ancak b\u00f6yle bir \u015fahadet, erkekler i\u00e7in \u00fcmmete d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fc olmayan bir ba\u011fl\u0131l\u0131\u00ad\u011f\u0131 da beraberinde getiriyordu. Birinci D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131 esnas\u0131nda, din de\u011fi\u015ftirme sayesinde gelen kurtulu\u015f, ancak istisnai du\u00adrumlarda ger\u00e7ekle\u015febiliyordu.[14]<\/a> Katliam sonras\u0131nda kurbanlar hakk\u0131nda \u201cT\u00fcrkler taraf\u0131ndan deklare edilen -\u00f6rne\u011fin sekiz bin gibi- \u00e7ok daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck say\u0131lar,[15]<\/a> s\u00f6z konusu sosyal depremin b\u00fc\u00ady\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcyle ciddi bir tezat olu\u015fturmaktad\u0131r. Bu sosyal deprem, hakl\u0131 olarak partial genocide <\/em>[k\u0131smi soyk\u0131r\u0131m][ab\u00e7] \u00a0olarak nitelendi\u00adrilmekte, misyon raporlar\u0131 sayesinde detayl\u0131 olarak tasvir edil\u00admekte, b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc misyon \u015fubelerindeki y\u00fczlerce, hatta binlerce \u00f6ks\u00fcz ve yetim[16]<\/a> ile istatistiksel olarak tahmin edilmektedir. Bat\u0131l\u0131lar\u0131n ve Ermenilerin yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 pek \u00e7ok tasvirdeyse, \u00f6l\u00fc say\u0131s\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7 y\u00fcz bin olarak ge\u00e7mektedir; A\u00e7l\u0131k, hastal\u0131k ve yokluk nedeniyle sonradan \u00f6lenlerin say\u0131s\u0131 da hi\u00e7 \u015f\u00fcphesiz \u00e7ok y\u00fcksektir, ancak tam bir rakam vermek \u00e7ok g\u00fc\u00e7t\u00fcr.[17]<\/a> B\u00fcy\u00fck maddi de\u011ferler, geri d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fc bir daha m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmayacak \u015fekilde H\u0131ristiyanlardan M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlara ge\u00e7mi\u015fti; \u00f6zellikle K\u00fcrtler k\u0131rsal alandaki b\u00fcy\u00fck Ermeni arazilerine el koymu\u015flard\u0131, bu da ileride Gen\u00e7 T\u00fcrki\u00adye’nin politikalar\u0131n\u0131 Do\u011fu Vilayetleri’nde ciddi \u015fekilde zorlaya\u00adcak toprak meselesi<\/em>nin temelini olu\u015fturacakt\u0131.\u201d[18]<\/a><\/p>\n

1915 Soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n g\u00f6lgesinde kalan 1894-96 katliamlar\u0131 ile ilgili Charmetant\u2019\u0131n raporunun[19]<\/a> yay\u0131nlanmas\u0131 neredeyse unutulan 1894-96 katliamlar\u0131 tekrar g\u00fcndeme ta\u015f\u0131yarak Ermeni toplumunun 19.y\u00fczy\u0131l sonunda maruz kald\u0131\u011f\u0131 kitlesel katliamlar\u0131 g\u00fcn \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131na \u00e7\u0131kararak sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcne serer. Rapor\u2019un alt ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 da \u0130stanbul\u2019da g\u00f6revli alt\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fckel\u00e7inin ortak haz\u0131rlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 istatistik<\/em> olup bu istatistik yerel g\u00fcvenilir kaynaklar\u0131n raporlar\u0131 ile desteklenerek raporun haz\u0131rlay\u0131c\u0131s\u0131 Charmetant taraf\u0131ndan a\u00e7\u0131klamal\u0131 bilgilerle de desteklenmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

Charmetant\u00a0 raporun sunumunda: \u201cBir insanl\u0131k ve yurtseverlik g\u00f6revi sayd\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z bu dok\u00fcman\u0131 yay\u0131nlamakla Ermenistanl\u0131 karde\u015flerimize Avrupa\u2019n\u0131n kay\u0131ts\u0131z g\u00f6zleri \u00f6n\u00fcnde yap\u0131lan bu korkun\u00e7 i\u015fleri i\u00e7inde bulunduklar\u0131 ciddi ve tehlikeli durum hakk\u0131nda Avrupa kamuoyunu daha \u00f6nceki raporlar\u0131m\u0131zdan daha etkili \u015fekilde bilgilendirece\u011fimizi, onlar\u0131 daha \u00e7ok ayd\u0131nlataca\u011f\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 biliyoruz\u201d derken kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00f6zler\u00a0 dahi katliam\u0131n boyutunu ve niteli\u011fini anlatmakta uzak oldu\u011fu gibi, sonucunda ger\u00e7ekle\u015fenler kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda bu raporun dahi Avrupa\u2019da g\u00f6zlerin a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131nda bir fayda temin etmedi\u011fini g\u00f6rmekteyiz. Nitekim \u00e7ok ge\u00e7meden b\u00fcy\u00fck g\u00fc\u00e7ler<\/em>in donanmalar\u0131n\u0131n g\u00f6zleri \u00f6n\u00fcnde ve \u0130ngilizlerin kolayla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda Kilikya\u2019da 1909 katliamlar\u0131 ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilecektir. Burada b\u00fcy\u00fck g\u00fc\u00e7lerin g\u00f6zlerini kama\u015ft\u0131ran Kilikya pamu\u011fundan \u00e7\u0131kan \u00e7i\u011fitin sava\u015f \u00f6ncesi barut sanayi i\u00e7in \u00f6nemi Kilikya Ermenilerinin \u00f6l\u00fcm ferman\u0131n\u0131 imzalanmas\u0131na neden olacak katliam Avrupal\u0131lar\u0131n g\u00f6zleri \u00f6n\u00fcnde ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilecektir. Bu kay\u0131ts\u0131zl\u0131k ise 1915 Soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 kolayla\u015ft\u0131ran en b\u00fcy\u00fck etmenlerden biridir.\u00a0 J\u00f6nt\u00fcrk y\u00f6neticilerini pervas\u0131z bir \u015fekilde Ermeni halk\u0131n\u0131 ve di\u011fer kadim H\u0131ristiyan halklar\u0131n (Pontos, Elen, S\u00fcryani) tarihsel topraklar\u0131ndan s\u00f6k\u00fclmesinde bir an bile teredd\u00fct etmemelerine neden olacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Charmetant\u2019\u0131n sunumunda ayr\u0131ca, i\u015fbirlik\u00e7i bat\u0131l\u0131 gazetecilerden de s\u00f6z etmektedir ki; bu gazeteciler -mensup olduklar\u0131 devletlerinin 1909\u2019da Kilikya\u2019daki Ermeni zenginli\u011fi ve Kilikya \u00e7i\u011fitinin[20]<\/a> cazibesine kap\u0131larak 30.000 Ermeni\u2019nin katledilmesine seyirci kald\u0131klar\u0131 gibi- Sultan Hamid\u2019in alt\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131n cazibesine kap\u0131lm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. \u201cbir\u00e7ok gazetecinin dinda\u015f karde\u015flerimizin kan\u0131 ile lekelenmi\u015f birka\u00e7 alt\u0131n u\u011fruna d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fckleri sessizlik\u201d gibi, \u00a0Alman \u0130mparatoru Wilhelm II. de Almanlar\u0131n b\u00f6lgedeki \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131 gere\u011fi sessizli\u011fin \u00f6tesine ge\u00e7mekten \u00e7ekinmeyecektir. 1894-96 Ermeni katliamlar\u0131ndan sonra \u201chissizle\u015fmi\u015f Avrupa onlardan [Hamid ve ekibinden] nefret eder ve katliamlar\u0131n mimar\u0131 K\u0131z\u0131l Sultan\u0131 lanetlerken, imparatorluk \u00e7ap\u0131ndaki katliam dizisinin sona ermesinden yakla\u015f\u0131k iki y\u0131l sonra,1898\u2019de II. Wilhelm\u2019in, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ikinci ziyarette b\u00fcy\u00fck tantana ve t\u00f6renlerle kar\u015f\u0131lanmas\u0131n\u0131n Almanlar\u0131 memnun etmesi, onlar\u0131n bir tebaa milliyetinin bo\u011fazlanmas\u0131n\u0131 affetme e\u011filiminde oldu\u011funun i\u015faretiydi. Bu ho\u015fg\u00f6r\u00fc i\u00e7in, imparator ev sahiplerince c\u00f6mert\u00e7e \u00f6d\u00fcllendirilecekti. Frans\u0131z B\u00fcy\u00fckel\u00e7i Cambon\u2019un dilinde, Sultan konuklar\u0131na paha bi\u00e7ilmez hediyeler vermekle tam bir sa\u011fmal inek oldu\u011funu g\u00f6stermi\u015fti[r].\u201d[21]<\/a> Bug\u00fcn yabanc\u0131 resmi tarih\u00e7ilerin \u00f6d\u00fcllendirildi\u011fi gibi Hamit de Alman \u0130mparatorunu hediyelere bo\u011fmaktan \u00e7ekinmeyecektir. Alman politikas\u0131n\u0131n Soyk\u0131r\u0131ma uzanan s\u00fcre\u00e7te Osmanl\u0131 ile i\u015fbirli\u011fi sistematik oldu\u011funu s\u00f6ylemek m\u00fcmk\u00fcn.\u00a0 Alman \u0130mparatorunun yan\u0131nda ba\u015fkalar\u0131 da vard\u0131r: Osmanl\u0131 \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu’nu ziyaret eden politik papaz Naumann, Almanlar\u0131n y\u00fcksek \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131n\u0131n T\u00fcrk imparatorlu\u011fundaki H\u0131ristiyanlar\u0131n \u0131zd\u0131raplar\u0131na politik olarak kay\u0131ts\u0131z kalmalar\u0131n\u0131n gerekli oldu\u011funu s\u00f6ylemekten \u00e7ekinmedi\u011fi gibi,[22]<\/a> Soyk\u0131r\u0131m s\u00fcrecinde, Ermeni Tehciri <\/em>ve katliamlar\u0131yla ilgili belgelerden bir se\u00e7ki haz\u0131rlayan Dr. Lepsius da Alman devletini sorumluluktan kurtarmak i\u00e7in baz\u0131 belgeleri karartmaktan \u00e7ekinmeyecektir.[23]<\/a> Almanlar\u0131n b\u00f6lgedeki \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131, Katliamlardan soyk\u0131r\u0131ma giden s\u00fcreci g\u00f6rmezden gelmelerinin yan\u0131nda, tutumlar\u0131 katliamlar\u0131 ve soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 kolayla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 bir etken olmu\u015ftur. \u201cAbd\u00fclhamid \u00e7a\u011f\u0131 katliamlar\u0131n\u0131n son evresinin (Kas\u0131m 1896) ard\u0131ndan Alman D\u0131\u015fi\u015fleri Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 Siyasi Sorunlar Dairesi Yak\u0131ndo\u00ad\u011fu \u0130\u015fleri Ba\u015fdan\u0131\u015fman\u0131 Alfons Mumm von Schwarzenstein taraf\u0131ndan a\u00e7\u0131klanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Almanya’n\u0131n duru\u015fu \u00f6zl\u00fc ama olduk\u00e7a pervas\u0131z bir bi\u00ad\u00e7imde yaz\u0131lan on iki sayfal\u0131k bir direktifte a\u00e7\u0131klanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Arg\u00fcman\u0131n ba\u015fl\u0131ca \u00fc\u00e7 \u00e7izgisi bu dok\u00fcman\u0131n i\u00e7eriklerini vurguluyordu: 1) Kurnaz ve fesat bir \u0131rk olan Ermeniler, kendi ulusal varl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n tehlikeye d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fc duygusunu ya\u015fayan T\u00fcrkleri k\u0131\u015fk\u0131rtt\u0131lar. 2) Almanya’n\u0131n mutlak olarak hi\u00e7bir \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131 olmayan bir \u0131rk\u0131n lehine duruma m\u00fcdaha\u00adle etmesi i\u00e7in hi\u00e7bir neden olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi, bir H\u0131ristiyan halk\u0131n lehine hilale kar\u015f\u0131 bir ha\u00e7l\u0131 seferi ba\u015flatmak Alman siyasetinin vazifesi de olamaz; zira ge\u00e7en y\u0131l m\u00fcdahaleci G\u00fc\u00e7lerin lehte araya girme giri\u015fim\u00adleri bu halk\u0131n ac\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 daha da art\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r ve 3) T\u00fcrkiye’nin b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc ba\u015fka \u015fekillerde tehdit eden tehlikeler ve T\u00fcrkiye’deki \u00e7ok say\u0131\u00adda Alman’\u0131n ekonomik \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcl\u00fcrse, ne kadar \u00fcz\u00fcc\u00fc olursa olsun Ermenistan<\/em>daki k\u0131y\u0131mlar genel tablo i\u00e7inde k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck k\u00f6t\u00fcl\u00fckler olarak g\u00f6r\u00fclmelidir. Bu politik beyanname, Almanya’n\u0131n sorunlar\u0131 <\/em>i\u00e7inden \u00e7\u0131k\u0131lamayacak bir hale sokabilecek <\/em>her t\u00fcrl\u00fc eylemden ka\u00e7\u0131\u00adnarak olay sahnesinin bir seyircisi olarak kalmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fi sonucuna var\u0131larak sona eriyor.\u201d[24]<\/a><\/p>\n

Bu konumun derin ahlaki temellere<\/em> dayal\u0131 oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yleyen pa\u00adpaz Naumann, 1894- 1896 d\u00f6neminin Ermeni katliamlar\u0131na bir gerek\u00e7e bulmak i\u00e7in \u015f\u00f6yle devam eder:<\/p>\n

\u201c Say\u0131ca azalan, s\u00fcrekli geri \u00e7ekilme halindeki T\u00fcrkler belki de eskiden sahip olmad\u0131klar\u0131 bir nitelik kazand\u0131lar. Onlar, \u00f6z\u00fcnde y\u0131k\u0131lm\u0131\u015f bir halk olan ama d\u0131\u015f d\u00fcnyay\u0131 ilgilendirdi\u011fi kadar\u0131yla var olmak isteyen bir halk\u0131n becerisini edindiler. T\u00fcm zay\u0131fl\u0131\u011f\u0131\u00adna kar\u015f\u0131n i\u00e7g\u00fcd\u00fcsel olarak di\u015flerini ve pen\u00e7elerini hala nas\u0131l kullanabilece\u011fini bilen k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir hayvan gibi, T\u00fcrkler de bir kez daha nas\u0131l barbar olarak davran\u0131p, kan d\u00f6k\u00fclece\u011fini biliyor\u00adlar. Ermenilerin soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 (Armeniermord) <\/em>T\u00fcrklerin barbarca davran\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n sa\u011flayabilece\u011fi son f\u0131rsatt\u0131.\u201d[25]<\/a><\/p>\n

Sava\u015f d\u00f6nemi Ba\u015fbakan\u0131 Lloyd George’un ifadesi asl\u0131nda Bat\u0131\u2019n\u0131n politikas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6zetledi\u011fini s\u00f6yleyebiliriz:<\/p>\n

\u201cEr\u00admeniler bizim kurdu\u011fumuz zafer atlar\u0131nda kurban edildiler\u2026\u00a0 [P]eri\u015fan Ermeniler, Ermeni vilayetlerinde iyile<\/em>\u015f<\/em>tirmeler ve <\/em>\u0131<\/em>slahat yap<\/em>\u0131<\/em>lacak”<\/em> vaadiyle bir defa daha eski efendilerinin insaf\u0131na b\u0131rak\u0131ld\u0131lar. Ermenistan’\u0131n Osmanl\u0131 h\u00fck\u00fcmranl\u0131\u011f\u0131na b\u0131rak\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n esas itibariyle mesul\u00fc memleketten gelen daim protestolara ra\u011fmen, bu vaat\u00adlerin k\u0131rk senedir nas\u0131l tutuldu\u011funu gayet iyi biliyoruz. \u0130ngiliz H\u00fck\u00fcmeti\u00adnin faaliyeti 1895-97, 1909 katliamlar\u0131na ve as\u0131l korkuncu da 1915 katli\u00adamlar\u0131na sebep oldu\u2026\u201d[26]<\/a> Lloyd George bu zul\u00fcmlerin m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmas\u0131nda paylar\u0131n\u0131 teslim eder lakin olan olmu\u015f reel politik<\/em>\u2019e Ermeniler feda edilmi\u015ftir.\u00a0 Dadrian, \u201cErmenistan ve Ermenilerin \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131na \u0130ngilizler belki zorunlu olarak k\u0131smen ikincil mesele olarak yakla\u015f\u0131yorlard\u0131. Bu \u00e7\u0131karlar t\u0131pk\u0131 bir satran\u00e7 oyunundaki piyonlar\u0131n kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 gibi, aldat\u0131c\u0131 oyunlar sergilemesine m\u00fcsaitti.\u201d[27]<\/a> S\u00f6zleriyle d\u00f6nemin d\u00fcnya politikas\u0131n\u0131 y\u00f6neten Emperyal g\u00fcc\u00fcn politikas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6zetler. Di\u011fer \u00fclkelerin tutumu bu politikan\u0131n bir par\u00e7as\u0131 ve izd\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fcnden ba\u015fka bir \u015fey de\u011fildir. Hatta baz\u0131lar\u0131 daha a\u00e7\u0131k s\u00f6zl\u00fcd\u00fcrler! \u201c Almanya’n\u0131n Avusturya B\u00fcy\u00fckel\u00e7isi Prens Philipp 3. Eulenburg, Fransa’n\u0131n Viyana Maslahatg\u00fczar\u0131 Marchand ile bir g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmesinde, bizim i<\/em>\u00e7<\/em>in <\/em>Er\u00admeni Sorunu diye bir \u015fey yoktur diyerek\u201d[28]<\/a>, Avusturya’n\u0131n politikas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6zetler. Avusturya d\u0131\u015f i\u015fleri bakan\u0131 Kont Agenor Goluchowski, \u201c1894-96 katliamlar\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda s\u00f6z konusu kitlesel katliam\u0131n trajik boyutlar\u0131 ne olursa olsun Sultana kar\u015f\u0131 herhangi bir zorlay\u0131c\u0131 eyleme kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131.\u201d[29]<\/a>\u00a0 Bu durumda Rapor\u2019un siyasi bir y\u00f6n\u00fcn\u00fcn olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6ylemekle birlikte, tarihe tan\u0131kl\u0131k bak\u0131m\u0131ndan son derece \u00f6nemlidir. Olaylar\u0131 s\u0131ca\u011f\u0131 s\u0131ca\u011f\u0131na tan\u0131klar\u0131yla kaydetmekte ve 1894-96 Ermeni katliamlar\u0131n\u0131n bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc (1895 g\u00fcz) \u00a0ayd\u0131nlatmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Rapor, yer, olay tarihi, \u00f6l\u00fc say\u0131s\u0131, olaylar\u0131n \u00f6zeti ve nedenleri ile halk\u0131n ve yetkililerin tutumu belirtilerek tablolar halindedir. Raporda sistematik katliamlar\u0131n ba\u015flang\u0131c\u0131 neredeyse her yerde ayn\u0131d\u0131r.\u00a0 Bu da Ermenilerin, merkezden y\u00f6nlendirilmi\u015f sistematik bir katliam, ya\u011fma ve zorla M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanla\u015ft\u0131rma kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda olduklar\u0131n\u0131n delilidir.<\/p>\n

Trabzon\u2019da [8 Ekim 1895] \u00d6\u011flene do\u011fru \u015fehrin her taraf\u0131n<\/em>da birden bire karga<\/em>\u015fa ba\u015flar ve her taraftan silah sesleri y\u00fckselir. Konsoloslar\u0131n ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131, \u015fehrin Ermenileri taraf\u0131ndan herhangi bir tahrik olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6stermektedir. Bir borazan sesi ile verilen i\u015faret \u00fczerine olaylar hemen ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. O i\u015faret verilinceye kadar \u015fehir sakindir. \u00d6\u011fleden sonra \u00fc\u00e7e kadar s\u00fcren ya\u011fma ve katliam o saatte verilen \u00f6ncekine benzer bir i\u015faretle aniden durmu\u015ftur. Saat \u00fc\u00e7e kadar sokaklarda yakalanan Ermenilerin hepsi katledilmi\u015ftir. Katiller Ermeni ma\u011fazalar\u0131na da girip sat\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131 \u00f6ld\u00fcrd\u00fckten sonra mallar\u0131 ya\u011fmalam\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. Dikkat \u00e7eken bir husus yabanc\u0131lar\u0131n ikametg\u00e2hlar\u0131na dokunulmad\u0131\u011f\u0131d\u0131r. Bu da her \u015feyin \u00f6nceden verilen emirlerle y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc g\u00f6stermektedir. Katliamdan ka\u00e7abilen 150 ki\u015fi Rus konsoloslu\u011funa s\u0131\u011f\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u015eehirdeki \u00f6teki konsolosluklar\u0131n hepsi katiller taraf\u0131ndan kovalanan s\u0131\u011f\u0131nmac\u0131lar\u0131 kabul etmi\u015ftir.<\/em> Halk\u0131n ve yetkililerin tutumu: Borazanla, verilen i\u015faret \u00fczerine r\u0131ht\u0131mdaki Lazlar silahlar\u0131n\u0131 almak i\u00e7in kay\u0131klar\u0131na ko\u015farlar. Bir\u00e7ok yerde askerlerin de ya\u011fmalara kat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131, ya\u011fmac\u0131 katillere yard\u0131m etti\u011fine tan\u0131k olunmu\u015ftur. \u00dcst r\u00fctbeli subaylar\u0131n ya\u011fma mallar\u0131 arabalara y\u00fckleyip evlerine g\u00f6t\u00fcrd\u00fckleri g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.<\/em><\/p>\n

G\u00fcm\u00fc\u015fhane\u2019de, M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar G\u00fcm\u00fc\u015fhane \u00e7evresindeki yerle\u015fim yerleri ve k\u00f6ylerdeki Ermenileri katlediyorlar. Katliama ba\u015flamadan \u00f6nce meydana toplad\u0131klar\u0131 H\u0131ristiyanlardan Ermenileri ay\u0131rarak ayr\u0131 bir s\u0131ra yap\u0131yorlar. Kurbanlar\u0131n\u0131 b\u00f6ylelikle \u00f6nceden ve \u00f6tekilerle kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmadan belirlemi\u015flerdir.<\/em> Bu karga\u015fada birka\u00e7 Rum\u2019da hayat\u0131n\u0131 kaybeder. Dikkat edilirse g\u00fcvenlik g\u00fc\u00e7leri ortada yoktur. Ortada olanlar da Trabzon ve Samsun\u2019da oldu\u011fu gibi olaylar\u0131n bizzat failleridir. \u00c7ar\u015fambaya ba\u011fl\u0131 A\u011fca g\u00fcney\u2019de o b\u00f6lgeyi \u00e7etelere kar\u015f\u0131 korumakla g\u00f6revlendirilen redifler aksini yaparak Ermeni evlerini kendileri talan ediyor. Kiliseyi soyduktan sonra ba\u011flad\u0131klar\u0131 papaz\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcnde kutsal dini objelere sayg\u0131s\u0131zl\u0131k ve hakaretler ediyorlar. \u00c7aresiz papaza ve cemaatine, \u0130slam\u2019a ge\u00e7mezlerse t\u00fcm Ermenilere de ayn\u0131 \u015feyleri yapacaklar\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yl\u00fcyorlar\u2026 Kay\u0131k\u00e7\u0131o\u011flu \u00e7etesi Kabaceviz k\u00f6y\u00fcn\u00fc bas\u0131yor, birka\u00e7 Ermeni k\u00f6yl\u00fc \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcyor. Kalanlar k\u0131rsal alanlara s\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131yor.<\/em><\/p>\n

Erzurum\u2019da, Pakari\u00e7: 200 ev ya\u011fmalan\u0131yor. Katliamdan ka\u00e7abilenler \u0130slami kabule zorlan\u0131rlar.<\/em> \u00a0Pulk: 80 ev ya\u011fmalan\u0131yor \u0130slami kabul edenlerin canlar\u0131 ba\u011f\u0131\u015flan\u0131yor<\/em>. Pirij: 120 ev ya\u011fmalan\u0131yor. Ancak \u0130slami kabul edenler sa\u011f b\u0131rak\u0131l\u0131yor. Halk\u0131n ve yetkililerin tutumuna gelince: Ekim ay<\/em>\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015flar\u0131nda asa\u00adyi\u015f g\u00fc\u00e7lerinin takviyesine ra\u011fmen sonu\u00e7 al\u0131nam\u0131yor. Konsoloslarca Ermeni\u00adleri sakinle\u015ftirme ve M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n silahs\u0131zla\u015ft\u0131rma \u00e7a\u00adbalar\u0131 ve \u00f6neri\u00adlen tedbirlere ra\u011fmen otorite kay\u0131ts\u0131z kal\u0131yor ve sadece Er\u00admenileri tutuk\u00adlamakla yetini\u00adyor. Oysa T\u00fcrk n\u00fcfusu o s\u0131ra sald\u0131r\u0131 g\u00fcn\u00fc i\u00e7in haz\u0131rl\u0131k yapmaktad\u0131r. Talan ve katliamlara subay ve erlerinde <\/em>alenen kat<\/em>\u0131ld\u0131\u00ad\u011f\u0131n\u0131 konsolos\u00adlar g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015fler\u00addir. Karma\u015fa ve sald\u0131r\u0131lan bir defal\u0131\u011f\u0131na tamamen d\u00fckk\u00e2nlar ya\u011fmaland\u0131ktan sonra ve yerle\u015fiklere sald\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131ktan sonra m\u00fcdahale ediliyor. Pirij’de bu \u015fekilde ancak 30 Ekim ve 31 Ekimde t\u00fcm gece boyu ve izleyen gece ku\u015fat\u0131lm\u0131\u015f mahallelerde ya\u011fma v cinayetler bitince yetkililer duruma el koyuyorlar\u2026 K\u00fcrt lider Haydaranl\u0131 H\u00fcseyin Pa\u015fa olaylar\u0131n sorumlusu olmas\u0131na ve g\u00f6rev ihmali g\u00f6r\u00fclmesine ra\u011fmen k\u00f6t\u00fc y\u00f6netimin hesab\u0131n\u0131 vermek \u00fczere askeri mahkemeye \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lm\u0131yor\u2026 Olaylar olup bittikten sonra \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131lan redifler daha k\u00f6t\u00fc bir duruma neden olur. Onlara g\u00f6re sultan2\u0131n emirleri gere\u011fince \u00fclkeyi H\u0131ristiyanlardan temizlemek gerekir\u2026 Yerli M\u00fcsl\u00fcman n\u00fcfustan \u00e7ok say\u0131da soyguncu \u00e7ete mensuplar\u0131na silah temin ediyor ve katliama askerler de kat\u0131l\u0131yor\u2026 Erzurum\u2019daki Frans\u0131z konsolos m\u00f6sy\u00f6 Brgeron izinli olarak gitti\u011fi fransa2dan d\u00f6n\u00fcnce deh\u015fet i\u00e7inde b\u00f6lgeyi dola\u015ft\u0131. Bayburt ve Trabzon\u2019a ba\u011fl\u0131 G\u00fcm\u00fc\u015fhane aras\u0131ndaki b\u00f6lge tamamen yak\u0131l\u0131p y\u0131k\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Narzahan yak\u0131nlar\u0131ndan ge\u00e7erken bir \u00e7ukura 100 kadar Ermeni\u2019nin cesedinin at\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131na tan\u0131k olur. Yollar evsiz barks\u0131z kalm\u0131\u015f, \u00fcst\u00fc ba\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131plak, a\u00e7 susuz dolan\u0131p duran kad\u0131n ve \u00e7ocuk kafileleri ile doludur. Y\u0131k\u0131mdan kurtulmak i\u00e7in \u00e7ok say\u0131da k\u00f6y \u0130slam’a ge\u00e7meyi kabul etmi\u015ftir.<\/em><\/p>\n

Bitlis\u2019te de ayn\u0131 senaryo h\u00e2kimdir: \u201c<\/em>Ermeniler taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f hi\u00e7 bir tahrik yok iken T\u00fcrkler camiden \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015fta Ermenilere sald\u0131r\u0131yor. Daha \u00f6nce ve ba\u015fka yerlerde de oldu\u011fu gibi olaylar \u00f6nceden planland\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u015fekliyle borazan <\/em>sesi ile verilen i\u015faret \u00fczerine ba\u015flar ve ayn\u0131 sesle biter\u2026 \u015eehre ba\u011fl\u0131 nahiye ve k\u00f6ylerde \u00e7ok say\u0131da Ermeni\u2019nin zorla \u0130slamiyete d\u00f6nd\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc belir\u00adtiliyor.\u201d \u00c7apak\u00e7ur\u2019da katledilmeyen b\u00fct\u00fcn Ermeniler M\u00fcsl\u00fcman olmak zorunda b\u0131rak\u0131l\u0131yor. Mu\u015f\u2019ta katliam tehditleri,\u00a0 ortam\u0131n haz\u0131rlanmas\u0131 ve olaylar\u0131n \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f nedenleri Mu\u015f kad\u0131s\u0131na mal ediliyor. \u0130lin tam bir felaketten kurtulmas\u0131n\u0131n nedeni il m\u00fcft\u00fcs\u00fc ve mutasarr\u0131f Fehim Pa\u015fa\u2019n\u0131n birlikte g\u00f6sterdikleri \u00e7abad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Adilcevaz\u2019da Emin ve Temir Pa\u015falar\u0131n komutas\u0131ndaki Haydaranl\u0131 K\u00fcrtler 18 k\u00f6y\u00fc ya\u011fmalarlar. Erci\u015f\u2019te Mesrop manast\u0131r\u0131 Emin Pa\u015fa\u2019n\u0131n babas\u0131 Hasan taraf\u0131ndan ya\u011fmalan\u0131r.\u00a0 Saray\u2019da Hakk\u00e2ri sanca\u011f\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131 Mahmudiye kazas\u0131 merkezi \u00f6zellikle K\u00fcrtlerden olu\u015fan Hamidiye birliklerince Kaymakam H\u00fcseyin Takuri Bey\u2019in komutas\u0131nda ya\u011fmalan\u0131yor. Mu\u015f mutasarr\u0131f taraf\u0131ndan kurtar\u0131l\u0131rken buras\u0131 kaymakam taraf\u0131ndan ya\u011fmalan\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

Mamuret-\u00fcl Aziz vilayetinde K<\/em>\u00fcrtler ve M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131 Ermeni mahallelerine sald\u0131r\u0131rlar ve b\u00fc\u00adt\u00fcn Ermenileri katlederler. Kapu\u00e7in misyonunun lideri de \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclmekten kurtulamaz. Amerikan misyonu yerle bir edilir ve \u00f6l\u00fcmden kurtulabilen H\u0131ristiyanlar \u0130slam\u2019a d\u00f6nmeyi kabul etmek zorunda b\u0131rak\u0131l\u0131rlar.<\/em> Halk\u0131n ve yetkililerin tutumuna gelince; Subaylar ve askerler de ga\u00adnimetten pay\u00adlar<\/em>\u0131n\u0131 al\u0131rlar, ya\u011fmalara kat\u0131l\u0131rlar.<\/em> K<\/em>\u00fcrtler yetki\u00adlilerle anla\u015f\u00admal\u0131 hareket et\u00adtiklerini s\u00f6yl\u00fc\u00adyorlar. Otorite yap\u0131lacak i\u015f konusunda hemfikirmi\u015f ama \u00e7ok daha ge\u00e7 bir zamanda yap\u0131l\u00admas\u0131n\u0131 iste\u00admekte imi\u015f. Ay\u00adr\u0131ca subaylar, askerler ve jan\u00addarmalar da ta\u00adlana kat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in olaylar kar\u00ad\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda daha sert davrana\u00admam\u0131\u015f\u2026 Katliamdan kurtulan erkekler tutuklan\u0131yor ve bunlar\u0131 ak\u0131beti belli de\u011fildir.<\/em><\/p>\n

Arapgir\u2019de <\/em>H\u0131ristiyan n<\/em>\u00fcfusun \u00e7ok oldu\u011fu bu b\u00f6lgede kurban say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n tah\u00adminlerin de \u00fcst\u00fcnde olmas\u0131ndan korkuluyor.<\/em> Silahlanm\u0131\u015f<\/em> K\u00fcrtler ve T\u00fcrkler H\u0131ristiyanlara sald\u0131r\u0131p \u015fehri yak\u0131p y\u0131karlar.<\/em><\/p>\n

E\u011fin\u2019de Dersim K\u00fcrtleri Gamaragah k\u00f6y\u00fcne sald\u0131r\u0131yor. 300 ev ya\u011fmalan\u0131r. 30 evlik bir mahalle ate\u015fe verilir. Oturanlar\u0131n bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc katledilir. \u0130slamiyet\u2019i kabul edenler sa\u011f b\u0131rak\u0131l\u0131r. Pingan, Armudan, Licik, Zimara, Te\u011fut, Mu\u015fe\u015fgak ve Narver k\u00f6ylerindeki insanlar\u0131n bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc katledildi, \u0130slamiyet\u2019e ge\u00e7enler canlar\u0131n\u0131 kurtarabildiler.<\/em><\/p>\n

Siirt\u2019te di\u011fer H\u0131ristiyan topluluklarda pogromun d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda tutulmayacakt\u0131r: M<\/em>\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar \u00f6nemli say\u0131da Kildani ve Ermeniyi katlediyor. S\u00fcryaniler ve Jakobitlerin otur\u00addu\u011fu evler ya\u011fmalan\u0131r. \u00c7evrede\u00adki \u00f6nemli miktarda S\u00fcryani, Kildani ve Jakobit k\u00f6y\u00fc yak\u0131l\u0131p y\u0131k\u0131l\u0131r. Bunlar; Mor Yakup, Berke, Tel Me\u015far, Beynkof idi<\/em><\/p>\n

Malatya\u2019da K\u00fcrtler ve T\u00fcrkler H\u0131ristiyanlara sald\u0131r\u0131y\u0131 ba\u015flatt\u0131ktan sonraki 6 g\u00fcn boyunca talan ve katliam yap\u0131yorlar. Yang\u0131n ve katliamlardan ka\u00e7an Ermeniler kiliselere s\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131yorlar. Katolik kapu\u00e7inler d\u00f6v\u00fcl\u00fcr ve hakarete u\u011frarlar. Evleri, okullar\u0131 ve kiliseleri yak\u0131l\u0131yor\u2026 \u00d6l\u00fc say\u0131s\u0131 en az 3000 olarak hesaplanmaktad\u0131r\u2026 Ermenilerin \u00f6nemli bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcne de \u0130slam zorla kabul ettirilmi\u015ftir.<\/em><\/p>\n

Diyarbekir vilayetinde, 01 Kas\u0131m sabah\u0131 k\u0131rsaldaki K\u00fcrtler \u015fehre girerler ve \u015fehirde yerle\u015fik M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlarla bir\u00adle\u015ferek pazar\u0131 ya\u011fmalarlar, ate\u015fe verirler. Daha sonra mezhebine bak\u0131lmaks\u0131z\u0131n H\u0131ristiyanlar\u0131 katl\u00adederler. K\u00fcrtler, zaptiyeler ve askerler, hepsi bir arada H\u0131ristiyanlara ate\u015f ya\u011fd\u0131r\u0131rlar. \u0130nsan k\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7 g\u00fcn s\u00fcrer. T\u00fcrkler, H\u0131ristiyanlar\u0131n cami\u00adlere girerek M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131 \u00f6l\u00add\u00fcrd\u00fcklerini b\u00f6ylelikle onlar\u0131 katliam yapmaya k\u0131\u015fk\u0131rtt\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 iddia etmektedirler. Bu iddia kesinlikle yaland\u0131r. Fransa kon\u00adsolosu 30 Ekimde Cemil denen bir ki\u015finin evinde \u015eeyh Zeylan ve o\u011flunun bulundu\u011fu toplan\u00adt\u0131lara dikkat \u00e7ekiyordu. Daha \u00f6nceki o\u011flu ki o\u011flu bu yak\u0131n\u00adlarda Sason katliam\u0131nda yer alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu toplant\u0131larda H\u0131ristiyanlara yap\u0131lmas\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olabilecek en korkun\u00e7 projeler tart\u0131\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, camilerin duvarlar\u0131\u00adna duyurular yap\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu duyurularla Sultan\u2019\u0131n H\u0131ristiyanlar hakk\u0131nda uygulamay\u0131 kabul etti\u011fi reformlar hakk\u0131nda yanl\u0131\u015f bilgiler verilmi\u015ftir. Bun\u00adlar\u0131 okuyan M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar Sultan’a bir protesto telgraf\u0131 g\u00f6n\u00adderirler. Telgrafta e\u011fer verilecek cevap tatmin edici bulunmaz ise, 1 Kas\u0131m Per\u015fembe g\u00fcn\u00fc H\u0131ristiyanlardan \u00f6\u00e7 almak niye\u00adtinde olduklar\u0131 belirtilir. Yani her-\u015feyin \u00f6nceden planland\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve H\u0131ristiyanlar\u0131n pani\u011fe kap\u0131l\u0131\u015f nedeni apa\u00e7\u0131kt\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca M\u00fcs\u00adl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n daha \u00f6nce g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00admemi\u015f miktarda silah ve cep\u00adhane sat\u0131n almalar\u0131 da ortal\u0131\u011f\u0131 tahrik etmeye yetmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

Mardin, \u015eehir b\u00fcy\u00fck bir tehlike i\u00e7indedir. Ama katliam olmaz. Yine de b\u00f6lgenin t\u00fcm\u00fc yak\u0131l\u0131p y\u0131k\u0131l\u0131r. Katolik Ermenilerin b\u00fcy\u00fck ve \u00f6nemli bir k\u00f6y\u00fc Tel Ermen’de ta\u015f \u00fcst\u00fcnde ta\u015f b\u0131rak\u0131lmaz. K\u00f6y sakinleri Mar\u00addin merkezine s\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131rlar.<\/em><\/em><\/p>\n

Ortodoks-Rum 100 hanelik Pakoz K\u00f6y\u00fc’n\u00fcn sakinleri ra\u00adhipleri ile birlikte \u0130slamiyet\u2019e ge\u00e7mek zorunda b\u0131rak\u0131l\u0131rlar.<\/p>\n

Sivas, Katliam ak\u015fam\u0131 m\u00fcezzinler M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131 Allah ad\u0131na insan k\u0131y\u0131m\u0131na davet ediyorlar. Bu katliam \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131lar\u0131 \u00f6zellikle dervi\u015fler taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131larak halk\u0131n k\u0131\u015fk\u0131rt\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 belirtilmektedir\u2026<\/p>\n

G\u00fcr\u00fcn\u2019de Redif k\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda 2000 K\u00fcrt i\u00e7inde 4000 Ermeninin ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 kenti ku\u015fat\u0131yorlar. D\u00f6rt g\u00fcnl\u00fck direni\u015ften sonra K\u00fcrtler \u015fehri zapt ediyor\u2026 Kurtulan Ermeni say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 belirlemek m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fildir. Bu s\u0131ralar Sivas\u2019tan ula\u015fan haberlere g\u00f6re bu il\u00e7edeki \u00f6l\u00fc say\u0131s\u0131 \u00e7oktur. Katliamlardan 14 g\u00fcn sonra bile yani 28 Kas\u0131mda yollarda g\u00f6m\u00fclmemi\u015f cesetler bulunuyordu.. 150 gen\u00e7 Ermeni kad\u0131n\u0131 ve k\u0131z\u0131 K\u00fcrtler taraf\u0131ndan ka\u00e7\u0131r\u0131l\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

Amasya, M<\/em>\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n Ermenilere sald\u0131rmas\u0131yla de\u011firmen, ev ve d\u00fckk\u00e2nlar ya\u011fmalan\u0131yor. H\u0131ristiyanlar rastgele katlediyorlar. Konsoloslar\u0131n verdikleri bil\u00adgilere g\u00f6re \u00f6l\u00fc say\u0131s\u0131 1000 ki\u015fidir. Resmi rakamlar ise sadece 80 ki\u015finin \u00f6ld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor. Ye\u015fil\u0131rmak’\u0131n ceset\u00adlerle dolu oldu\u011fu g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.<\/em><\/p>\n

Merzifon, M<\/em>\u00fcsl\u00fcman bir g\u00fcruh H\u0131ristiyan<\/em>lara sald\u0131r\u0131yor<\/em>.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00d6ld\u00fcr\u00fclen <\/em>Ermeni say<\/em>\u0131s\u0131 150. Yaral\u0131 say\u0131s\u0131 <\/em>ise 500’d<\/em>\u00fcr. 400 ev ve d\u00fckk\u00e2n <\/em>ya<\/em>\u011fmalan\u0131yor.\u00a0\u00a0 Katiller,\u00a0 \u00f6ld\u00fc<\/em>r<\/em>\u00fclenlerin \u00fczerindeki giysileri<\/em> bile al<\/em>\u0131p g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcyorlar. Cesetler<\/em> g<\/em>\u00f6m\u00fclmeden \u00e7\u0131r\u0131l\u00e7\u0131plak yollara <\/em>at<\/em>\u0131l\u0131yorlar\u2026 Ya\u011fma ve katliamlara askerler de kat\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Kaymakam, Cizvit din adamlar\u0131n\u0131 olaylar\u0131n Ermenilerin tahriki ile meydana geldi\u011fine dair beyanat\u0131 imzalamaya zorluyor.<\/em><\/p>\n

Urfa, 28 Ekim:<\/em> K<\/em>\u00fcrtler ve Hamidiyeliler b\u00fcy\u00fck. Bir H\u0131ristiyan katliam\u0131 yap\u0131yorlar. Yaral\u0131 say\u0131s\u0131 da \u00e7ok fazlad\u0131r. 1500 d\u00fckk\u00e2n ya\u011fmalanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Olaylar\u0131n \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f nedeni olarak bir T\u00fcrkle bir Ermeni aras\u0131nda \u00e7\u0131kan kavgaya dayand\u0131r\u0131l\u0131yor. Kavgadaki Ermeni, \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcnce hem\u015ferileri de M\u00fcsl\u00fcman\u0131 \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcyorlar.<\/em> <\/em>2 ay sonra 28 Aral\u0131k ta katliam tekrarlan\u0131r. Yeni bir Ermeni katliam<\/em>\u0131 oluyor. Yetkililere g\u00f6re \u00f6l\u00fc say\u0131s\u0131 800’d\u00fcr. Konsoloslara g\u00f6re bu rakam 2000’den \u00e7oktur. K\u00fcrtler ve Bedeviler daha \u00f6nce e\u015fine rastlanmam\u0131\u015f derecede korkun\u00e7 insan l <\/sup>k\u0131y\u0131m\u0131 yap\u0131yorlar\u2026 \u00d6ld\u00fcr\u00fclme tehdidi ile \u0130slama ge\u00e7meye zorlanan H\u0131ristiyan say\u0131s\u0131 fazlad\u0131r. Bu emre itaat edenlerin evine beyaz bayrak \u00e7ekilir ve ba\u015flar\u0131 t\u00fcrbanla \u00f6rt\u00fcl\u00fcr. S\u00f6zde d\u00fczeni sa\u011flamakla g\u00f6revli redifler de ya\u011fma ve katliama kat\u0131l\u0131rlar. Yenicekale\u2019de bir borazan sesiyle m\u00fcfreze H\u0131ristiyanlara sald\u0131r\u0131r. Sonras\u0131 ate\u015fe verme, talan ve katliamd\u0131r.<\/em><\/p>\n

Rapordaki anlat\u0131mlar neredeyse her ilde ayn\u0131 c\u00fcmlelerle devam etmektedir: Mersin, Adana, Tarsus[30]<\/a>, Ankara, Masis, Hacin, Payas, Kayseri, \u00c7orum, Yozgat, Akhisar, \u0130zmit\u2026<\/p>\n

Charmetant, raporunda yukar\u0131da \u00f6rneklerini verdi\u011fimiz katliama dair bilgilerden sonra bu tabloyu tahlil eder: \u201cBuraya kadar okunan tablo ve bundan sonra okunacak istatistik\u00ee bil\u00adgilere ek olarak birka\u00e7 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncenin eklenilmesi zorunlu g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir\u2026 Bizler ait oldu\u011fumuz uluslar\u0131n tarihinde, yakla\u015f\u0131k iki y\u0131ld\u0131r g\u00f6z\u00adlerimizin \u00f6n\u00fcnde cereyan eden bu kadar korkun\u00e7 zamanlar bulun\u00adabilece\u011fine inanm\u0131yoruz. \u015eimdiye kadar H\u0131ristiyanlara kar\u015f\u0131 anlay\u0131\u015fl\u0131 ve m\u00fclayim san\u0131lan T\u00fcrkler H\u0131ristiyanlara kar\u015f\u0131 bu yak\u0131n ge\u00e7mi\u015fte \u00f6nceden planlad\u0131klar\u0131 hedef ve ama\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131, ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 ve biti\u015f i\u015faretlerinin dahi ne olaca\u011f\u0131 belir\u00adlenmi\u015f olaylar\u0131 ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirdiler. Bu olaylarda ve sald\u0131r\u0131larda ama\u00e7, yarad\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131nda var olan anlay\u0131\u015fl\u0131, yumu\u015fak ba\u015fl\u0131, bar\u0131\u015f\u00e7\u0131 tutumlar\u0131 ile ba\u015flar\u0131ndakilere tabiiyetlerini her zaman ispatlam\u0131\u015f Ermeni \u0131rk\u0131n\u0131n k\u00f6k\u00fcn\u00fc kaz\u0131makt\u0131. Oysa yukar\u0131da belirtildi\u011fi gibi bu iyi niteliklere sahip \u0131rka bu canavar barbarl\u0131\u011f\u0131n reva g\u00f6r\u00fclmesini gerektirecek, yapanlar\u0131 hakl\u0131 k\u0131lacak hi\u00e7bir neden yoktur.<\/p>\n

T\u00fcrk y\u00f6netimi bir zamanlar \u00e7ok zengin olan bu \u00fclkeyi her yerde ve her zaman oldu\u011fu gibi k\u00f6lele\u015ftirme ve hara\u00e7 alarak s\u00f6m\u00fcrme uygula\u00admalar\u0131yla k\u0131s\u0131rla\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131. Bu \u015fekilde, zavall\u0131 Osmanl\u0131 H\u0131ristiyanlar\u0131, zapt edilmi\u015f topraklar\u0131n as\u0131l sahipleri, y\u00fczy\u0131llard\u0131r ya\u015fad\u0131klar\u0131 k\u0131rsal b\u00f6lgelerin yaln\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, y\u00f6neticilerinin bask\u0131 ve a\u015fa\u011f\u0131lamalar\u0131 alt\u0131nda, uzaktan bakanlar\u0131n ac\u0131yan bak\u0131\u015flar\u0131na maruz kalarak b\u00f6ylesine rezil \u015fartlarda ya\u015f\u0131yorlar. Bug\u00fcn bu ko\u015fullar\u0131n, bu a\u015fa\u011f\u0131lanma durumunun yerini \u015fiddetli bir zulme b\u0131rakt\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00fcnd\u00fcr. \u015eu s\u0131ralar T\u00fcrklerin ba\u015fka bir taktik kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131na da \u015fahit oluyoruz: \u0130mparatorluklar\u0131ndaki H\u0131ristiyanlar\u0131 fiziksel olarak yok etmek yerine ta\u015fra illerindeki H\u0131ristiyan yerle\u015fim birimlerini yak\u0131p y\u0131kt\u0131ktan sonra, \u00f6nceden katliam d\u0131\u015f\u0131 tuttuklar\u0131 kad\u0131n ve k\u0131zlar\u0131 ahlaks\u0131z i\u015flerine alet etmek, ahlaklar\u0131n\u0131 bozmak, Ermeni ailelerini bask\u0131 ve tehditle din\u00adlerinden d\u00f6nd\u00fcrmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmak. Osmanl\u0131\u2019da her i\u015fin daha \u00f6nceden haz\u0131rlanm\u0131\u015f ve her yerde ayn\u0131 bi\u00e7imde uyguland\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6zlemlenmi\u015ftir. Ama\u00e7. H\u0131ristiyan kad\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131n kir\u00adletilmesi ve Ermenilerin M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131d\u0131r. H\u0131ristiyan d\u00fcnyas\u0131n\u0131n her yerinde oldu\u011fu gibi Do\u011fu’da da kad\u0131n erkekten daha \u00e7ok dinine ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r. Bunun i\u00e7in T\u00fcrkler sistematik, zorun\u00adlu ve ahlaks\u0131z y\u00f6ntemlerle H\u0131ristiyan kad\u0131nlar\u0131 lekelemeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaklad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Bu d\u00f6nemde \u00f6zellikle uzak k\u00f6ylerdeki H\u0131ristiyanlara, sahipsiz ailelere etkin bir propaganda ile \u0130slamiyete ge\u00e7meleri i\u00e7in tehditler yap\u0131l\u0131yor. Bir\u00e7o\u011fu ya\u015famak i\u00e7in bu f\u0131rt\u0131na ge\u00e7er ge\u00e7mez yeniden atalar\u0131n\u0131n dinine d\u00f6nebilmek umuduyla bask\u0131lara boyun e\u011fiyorlar. Ancak bu da \u00e7o\u011fu zaman yetmiyor. \u015eu s\u0131ralarda Mu\u015f, Mara\u015f ve etraf\u0131ndaki yerlerde \u00e7ok say\u0131da aile zora boyun e\u011fmektedir. Ama s\u00fck\u00fbnete kavu\u015fur kavu\u015f\u00admaz H\u0131ristiyanl\u0131klar\u0131nda \u0131srar ettiklerinin a\u00e7\u0131\u011fa vuruyorlar ve o zaman da katlediliyorlar. \u0130slam yasas\u0131 \u015eeriat’\u0131n bu konudaki h\u00fckm\u00fc kesindir. Bir defa M\u00fcsl\u00fcman olan\u0131n dininden d\u00f6nmesi m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fildir. \u0130slamiyeti terk eden birinin cezas\u0131 \u00f6l\u00fcmd\u00fcr!<\/p>\n

Bu h\u00fckme dayanarak T\u00fcrk yetkililer K\u00fcrtlerin bu son katliamlar\u0131 yapmalar\u0131na g\u00f6z yumuyorlar. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc T\u00fcrklere g\u00f6re bu katliamlar ge\u00e7er\u00adli bir \u0130slami h\u00fckm\u00fcn uygulanmas\u0131d\u0131r. Bu nedenle T\u00fcrk devleti Avrupa nezdinde su\u00e7lu g\u00f6r\u00fclmekten kurtulmaktad\u0131r. Zorlanarak bile olsa H\u0131ristiyanlar\u0131n M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 kabul ettikleri andan itibaren vaftiz edildik\u00adleri eski dinlerine d\u00f6nmeleri \u0130slam dini nazar\u0131nda \u00f6l\u00fcmle cezaland\u0131r\u0131la\u00adcak bir su\u00e7tur.<\/p>\n

Rapor, din de\u011fi\u015ftirmelerinin boyutuna alt\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7izer: Din de<\/em>\u011fi\u015ftirenlerin durumu da endi\u015fe vericidir. Korkun\u00e7 \u015feriat gereklerine g\u00f6re mecburi olarak din de\u011fi\u015ftirenleri Ermeni ulusu kay\u0131p olarak kabul etmelidir.<\/em><\/p>\n

Raporun \u00f6zel istatistik b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcndeki, \u00a0Ermenistan’daki, onbir vilayette, son zamanlarda kiliselere yap\u0131lan hakaret ve sayg\u0131s\u0131zl\u0131klar, Papazlar\u0131n katledilmeleri, kad\u0131n ve gen\u00e7 k\u0131zlar\u0131n ka\u00e7\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131! Ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 alt\u0131ndaki kesiminde, bu vilayetlerdeki H\u0131ristiyanlar\u0131n i\u00e7inde bulundu\u011fu \u00e7aresizlikler,\u00a0 ko\u015fullar, \u00a0katliamlar ve din de\u011fi\u015ftirmeler g\u00f6rg\u00fc tan\u0131klar\u0131na dayan\u0131larak nakledilmektedir, bu konuda verilecek birka\u00e7 \u00f6rnek katliam d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda din de\u011fi\u015ftirmelerin boyutunu g\u00f6zler \u00f6n\u00fcne sermektedir. Charmetant, her nekadar din de\u011fi\u015ftirmelerin say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 40- 50 bin civar\u0131nda verse de raporda belirtildi\u011fi gibi ger\u00e7ek rakam bunlar\u0131n \u00e7ok \u00fczerindedir:<\/p>\n

Trabzon: <\/strong>Al<\/em>\u00e7akdere, Maktilla, Gromela, ve Kortanez k\u00f6ylerinin sakinleri olan Gregoryenler \u0130slamiyete ge\u00e7meye zorland\u0131lar. Kad\u0131n ve k\u0131zlar\u0131 vah\u015fi ve rezil i\u015flere kurban gittiler\u2026<\/em> \u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

Erzurum:<\/strong> K\u0131rsal alanda ya\u015fayan Gregoryen n\u00fcfusun katil k\u0131l\u0131c\u0131ndan ka\u00e7an k\u0131sm\u0131nda \u0130slama ge\u00e7enler oldu. Papaz Der Husik, piskopos vekili de ayn\u0131 ak\u0131\u00adbete u\u011frayarak \u0130slama ge\u00e7mek zorunda b\u0131rak\u0131ld\u0131. Ertesi g\u00fcn taze d\u00f6n\u00admelerin yeni dinlerini peki\u015ftirmek \u00fczere toplu s\u00fcnnetlerinin yap\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in merasim haz\u0131rl\u0131klar\u0131na ba\u015fland\u0131. <\/em>Bayburt’ta, Ksanta k<\/em>\u00f6y\u00fcnde Kilise camiye \u00e7evrildi. 400 civar\u0131nda insan katledildi, \u00e7o\u011fu kad\u0131n olmak \u00fczere katliam ka\u00e7aklar\u0131na \u0130slamiyet zorla kabul ettirildi.<\/em> Plur, Plurak,Bu<\/em>\u015fdi, Surp Toros, Nik ve Balakor k\u00f6ylerindeki alt\u0131 kilise camiye \u00e7evrildi. Papazlar\u0131 Der Magar, Der Krikor ve ad\u0131 \u00f6\u011fre\u00adnilemeyen bir papaz \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc. \u00dc\u00e7 papaz da kayboldu. Yukar\u0131daki<\/em> k\u00f6ylerin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra, Varzahan, Karavirak, \u00c7akmak, Averek, Gopus, Osdek, Varin Kerzi ve Verin Kerzi k\u00f6ylerinin ahalisi zorla \u0130slamiyete d\u00f6nd\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc.<\/em> Plur k<\/em>\u00f6y\u00fc Gregoryenleri islamiyete ge\u00e7meyi \u00e7aresiz kabul etmelerine ra\u011fmen g\u00f6z\u00fc d\u00f6nm\u00fc\u015f m\u00fcsl\u00fcman s\u00fcr\u00fcs\u00fc taraf\u0131ndan kur\u015fu\u00adna dizilmekten kurtulamad\u0131. Gerek\u00e7eleri \u015fuydu; bu H\u0131ristiyanlar M\u00fcsl\u00fcman g\u00f6r\u00fcnerek ya\u015famaya devam etseler bile ruhlar\u0131n\u0131n derin\u00adliklerinde yine de H\u0131ristiyan dinini devam ettireceklerdir. \u0130\u015fe, dinden d\u00f6nd\u00fckleri i\u00e7in kafalar\u0131na \u015fapka yerine sar\u0131k ge\u00e7irilmesiyle ba\u015fland\u0131, namaz \u00f6\u011fretildi, uygulamalara giri\u015fildi, bunun i\u00e7in de camiye g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcr gibi kiliselerine g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fcler. Onlar\u0131n katli burada ve bu ser\u00ademoniyle yap\u0131ld\u0131.<\/em><\/em><\/p>\n

Bayburt’ta ve t<\/em>\u00fcm \u00e7evresinde H\u0131ristiyan dini ve ibadeti tamamen bitti. <\/em>Erzincan, Megvetzik k\u00f6y\u00fcnde katliamdan arta kalanlar zorla s\u00fcnnet edilip din\u00adleri de\u011fi\u015ftirildi.<\/em> Dantzi <\/em>k<\/em>\u00f6y\u00fc Ermenileri zorla M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131 ve erkekleri toplu halde s\u00fcnnet edildi\u2026<\/em><\/p>\n

Van vilayeti: A<\/em>\u015fa\u011f\u0131 Gargar <\/em>kasabas\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131 olan \u00c7akog, Dzogu, Dap, Ksoktentz, Me\u00e7gantz, M\u00fclk, Gici, Argantz, Kakt k\u00f6ylerinin sakinleri aras\u0131nda ya\u015fayan \u00fc\u00e7 papaz da d\u00e2hil olmak \u00fczere islamiyete ge\u00e7irildi<\/em>. Moks (Bah\u00e7esaray) il\u00e7esinde Paykner, Varek, Yukar\u0131 Sarin, \u015eadossen, Varentz, Pa\u015favank, Padagantz, De\u015fok, Atanan adl\u0131 9 k\u00f6y\u00fcn Ermenileri \u00f6l\u00fcm tehdidiyle dinlerinden d\u00f6nd\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcp M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131lar.<\/em> K\u00fcrtler, Pasin-Taht il\u00e7esindeki Gagazis, <\/em>\u015eidan, Areg, Gaynamiran, Korner, Darentz ve Nar adl\u0131 yedi k\u00f6y\u00fcn halk\u0131n\u0131 \u0130slama zorlad\u0131lar. <\/em>\u00c7atak il\u00e7esinin t\u00fcm k\u00f6yleri ya\u011fmadan nasibini ald\u0131. Bu k\u00f6ylerde ya\u015fayan herkes yine \u00f6l\u00fcm tehditleriyle \u0130slama ge\u00e7meyi ve s\u00fcnnet olmay\u0131 kabul etti.<\/em> Gandijgan <\/em>il<\/em>\u00e7esinde <\/em>Sembon, Usut, Pigant ve daha bir<\/em>\u00e7ok Ermeni n\u00fcfusu ve Sembon Ermeni kilisesinin papaz\u0131 zorla M\u00fcsl\u00fcman yap\u0131ld\u0131\u2026 <\/em><\/p>\n

Bitlis’te, <\/strong>Kuyt kilisesinin ba<\/em>\u015frahibi Der Mikhitar\u2019\u0131n cesedi M\u00fcsl\u00fcman olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcp M\u00fcsl\u00fcman mezarl\u0131\u011f\u0131na defnedildi. \u015eehirde buna benzer hile ve y\u00f6ntemlerle ve zorlamayla \u00e7ok say\u0131da din de\u011fi\u015ftirme oldu.<\/em> Yerum <\/em>il<\/em>\u00e7esinde <\/em>13-15 Ekim aras<\/em>\u0131nda katliam yap\u0131ld\u0131. Bu esnada il\u00e7enin 12 Ermeni k\u00f6y\u00fcn\u00fcn kilisesi her t\u00fcrl\u00fc hakarete maruz kald\u0131. Daha <\/em>sonra da camiye <\/em>\u00e7evrildi. \u0130slamiyeti kabul ederek s\u00fcnnet olanlar \u00f6l\u00fcmden kurtulabileceklerdir. Papazlar\u0131n ba\u015flar\u0131na sar\u0131k kondu. Kad\u0131nlar evlendirilmek \u00fczere M\u00fcsl\u00fcman Mollalara teslim edildi, hem de kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 olarak. Yani papazlar\u0131n kendileri de M\u00fcsl\u00fcman dul kad\u0131n almak zorunda b\u0131rak\u0131ld\u0131lar. Bu papazlara \u00fcstelik fazladan bir veya iki K\u00fcrt kad\u0131n verildi. Ama\u00e7 papazlar\u0131n din de\u011fi\u015ftirmesini sa\u011flamakt\u0131. M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlarla \u00e7ok y\u00f6nl\u00fc ili\u015fkiler i\u00e7ine sokmak, onlar\u0131 tamamen ve katiyen M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanla\u015ft\u0131rmakt\u0131. Hatta \u00e7ok karde\u015fi i H\u0131ristiyan ailelerde bu karde\u015flerden bir veya ikisi \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclerek dul kalan kar\u0131lar\u0131 ya\u015fayan karde\u015flere verildiler ki durum \u015feriat yasalar\u0131na uygun olsun. <\/em>\u015eirvan il\u00e7esi k\u0131rsal\u0131nda aralar\u0131nda Sarus, Avin, Avar, Napahn, Sermek ve Temenk k\u00f6yleri olmak \u00fczere yirmiden fazla H\u0131ristiyan k\u00f6y\u00fcnde katliam kurtulan Ermeniler M\u00fcsl\u00fcman olmaya zorland\u0131lar. \u0130\u00e7lerinde bu k\u00f6ylerin bir k\u0131sm\u0131 y\u0131k\u0131l\u0131p \u00f6teki k\u0131sm\u0131 camiye \u00e7evrilen kiliselerinin papazlar\u0131 da vard\u0131r.<\/em> Hizan ve Sipagert il\u00e7elerinde, <\/em>Sgavaray Gregoryen Manast<\/em>\u0131r\u0131 ba\u015fpapaz\u0131 Ohannes’e yap\u0131lan bir dizi hakaret ve i\u015fkenceden sonra papaz \u0130slam\u0131 kabul etmek ve iki kar\u0131 almak zorunda kald\u0131. Hizan’da yerle\u015fik konumda ve kalabal\u0131k miktardaki Ermeni n\u00fcfusu ayn\u0131 yerdeki M\u00fcsl\u00fcman tekkesine zorla konduktan sonra \u0130slamiyete ge\u00e7irildiler. Ayn\u0131 \u015fekilde Horkhotz k\u00f6y\u00fcn\u00fcn \u00fc\u00e7 Gregoryen papaz\u0131na din de\u011fi\u015ftirmeleri zorla kabul ettirildi. Ondan sonra da ba\u015flar\u0131\u00adna sar\u0131k ba\u011flanarak yollarda gezdirildiler. \u015eenitzor nahiyesine ba\u011fl\u0131 sekiz k\u00f6y\u00fcn ahalisi \u0130slama ge\u00e7meye zor\u00adland\u0131. Bu k\u00f6y\u00fcn okul ve kiliseleri kapat\u0131ld\u0131 ve \u00e7ok say\u0131da kad\u0131n ve k\u0131z ka\u00e7\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131. Hizan ve Sipagert il\u00e7elerine ba\u011fl\u0131, a\u015fa\u011f\u0131da ad\u0131 verilen altm\u0131\u015f k\u00f6y\u00fcn sakinleri toplu halde \u0130slamiyete ge\u00e7mek zorunda b\u0131rak\u0131ld\u0131:<\/em> <\/em><\/strong>Hizan il\u00e7esi: Darontz, A<\/em>\u015fa\u011f\u0131 Darontz, Karason, Yukar\u0131 Karason, \u015een, Harit, Klup, Tagik, Palassor Ha\u00e7ugontz, Zigu, Antentz, Kamagiel, Surp Ha\u00e7, Di, Nor\u015fen, Yegondz, Anabat, Bro\u015fent-Tars, Motentz, Mamtentz, Gassar, Hagir, Korklotz, Nan, Hodz, Gadinak Bagsar, Li, Hucuk.<\/em> Sipagert il\u00e7esi:<\/strong>Yukar<\/em>\u0131 Huruk, A\u015fa\u011f\u0131 Huruk, Candican, A\u015fa\u011f\u0131 Godentz, Yukar\u0131 Godentz, Nerpan, Oghant, Sevkar, Pagentz, Sonar, Tag, Kagis, Dantzis, \u015eoson, Hargnin, Taloro, Bedrantz, Hu\u015f, Kut, \u015eort, Pagt, Sagantz, Aren\u00e7ik, Duag, Geran, Taht, Mad, Zemen.<\/em> Mamduruk il\u00e7esindeki Gregoryen n\u00fcfusun \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011fu islamla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131. Bu il\u00e7eye ba\u011fl\u0131 adlar\u0131 a\u015fa\u011f\u0131da yaz\u0131l\u0131 on yedi k\u00f6y\u00fcn ahalisi toplu halde \u0130slama d\u00f6nmek zorunda b\u0131rak\u0131ld\u0131; Ov, Seg, Perganto, Abarank, Kedantz, Huvandantz, Dantz, Miloti, \u015eena\u011fp\u00fcr, Mont, Gugentz, Honis, Horont, Paramons, Hagons, Garna, Bargantz.<\/em>Segert <\/em>\u015fehrindeki Halk\u0131n bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc \u0130slamiyeti mecburen kabullendi.<\/em> <\/em>Gen\u00e7 il\u00e7esine ba\u011fl\u0131 Gernos, Valer, Tarepnis, Duzmalan, Kupar adl\u0131 k\u00f6ylerin sakinleri zorla M\u00fcsl\u00fcman edilerek katliamdan kurtuldular.<\/em> \u00c7apak\u00e7ur <\/strong>il\u00e7esinin \u00c7evlik, Madrak, Sinfor ve K\u00f6\u015fem k\u00f6y\u00adlerinin H\u0131ristiyan ahalisi ve yine Pe\u00e7ar Nahiyesinin M\u0131guk, Anti, Murdarik, Nor\u015fen, Ti\u00e7, Pe\u00e7ar k\u00f6ylerinin H\u0131ristiyan sakinleri \u0130slama ge\u00e7m\u00adeye zorland\u0131lar. Bu k\u00f6ylerin papazlar\u0131 da din de\u011fi\u015ftirmek zorunda kalan\u00adlardand\u0131r. Bu k\u00f6ylere ait kiliseler bug\u00fcn cami olarak kullan\u0131l\u0131yor ve buralarda Kuran okutuluyor.<\/em><\/p>\n

Sivas Vilayeti, <\/strong>Koyulhisar il\u00e7esinin Ermeni sakinleri evlerinin yak\u0131lma, zincire vurulma gibi zorbal\u0131k tehditleri alt\u0131nda zorla m\u00fcsl\u00fcmanla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131lar.Gen\u00e7 Ermeni k\u0131zlar\u0131 T\u00fcrklerle evlenmek zorunda b\u0131rak\u0131ld\u0131lar.<\/em> Divri<\/em>\u011fi’de \u015eehrin i\u00e7inde oldu\u011fu k\u0131rsal alanda da Ermeni n\u00fcfus toptan \u0130slamiyete ge\u00e7irildi. Din de\u011fi\u015ftirmeye direnenler de katledildiler.<\/em> <\/em>Armudag k\u00f6y\u00fc kilisesi papaz\u0131 da \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc. Surp Hagop Manast\u0131r\u0131 harabeye d\u00f6nd\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc. Z\u0131mara ve Gasma k\u00f6ylerindeki kiliseler k\u0131smen y\u0131k\u0131ld\u0131lar. \u00c7o\u011fu camiye \u00e7evrildi Gasma k\u00f6y\u00fc ve \u00e7evresinde ya\u015fayan 650 insan zorla \u0130slamiyete ge\u00e7irildi.<\/em> Erkeklerin ba<\/em>\u015f\u0131na sar\u0131k sar\u0131ld\u0131. G\u00fcnde 5 defa namaz k\u0131lmak \u00fczere zorla camilere g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fcler. \u00d6len Krikor Balyan adl\u0131 bir H\u0131ristiyan M\u00fcsl\u00fcman mezarl\u0131\u011f\u0131na defnedildi. Yine katliam tehditleri alt\u0131nda Gurasin ve Apu\u015fan k\u00f6yleri sakinleri \u0130slamiyeti kabul etmek zorunda kald\u0131lar. Zimara k\u00f6y\u00fc sakinleri de papazlar\u0131 ile birlikte ayn\u0131 sonu payla\u015ft\u0131lar\u2026<\/em><\/p>\n

Mamuret \u00fcl Aziz vilayeti, E\u011fin nahiyesi k\u00f6ylerinden, Licik, Narver ve Azni k\u00f6yleri kiliseleri ya\u011fmaland\u0131, y\u0131k\u0131ld\u0131. Bu k\u00f6ydeki Ermeni n\u00fcfus bir araya topland\u0131. Sonra gerekli bask\u0131 ve tehditler yap\u0131ld\u0131. Hepsi islamiyete ge\u00e7mek zorunda kald\u0131. Licik k\u00f6y\u00fc sakinleri ayr\u0131ca papazlar\u0131 ile birlikte din de\u011fi\u015ftirdi.<\/em> Ayn<\/em>\u0131 \u015fey A\u011f\u0131n nahiyesinin 14 Ermeni k\u00f6y\u00fcnde de yap\u0131ld\u0131. Hemen \u0130slama ge\u00e7meye ve s\u00fcnnet olmaya zorland\u0131lar.<\/em> Nahiye y<\/em>\u00f6netici ve yetkilileri zorla din de\u011fi\u015ftirip s\u00fcnnet ettikleri erkeklere bu i\u015fleri kendi r\u0131zalar\u0131yla yapt\u0131klar\u0131na dair beyanlar imzalat\u0131y\u00adorlar.<\/em> An<\/em>\u00e7erti k\u00f6y\u00fc sakinlerine de ayn\u0131 ama\u00e7la ayn\u0131 konuda bir bildiri imzalat\u0131ld\u0131. Bu k\u00f6yl\u00fclerin hepsine zorla yeni m\u00fcsl\u00fcman adlar\u0131 ver\u00adildi\u011fini belirtmek gerekmektedir. Bununla da yetinilmeyip \u015fimdilerde yeni dinda\u015flar\u0131 ile kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 evlendirilerek aralar\u0131nda yeni akrabal\u0131k ba\u011flar\u0131 olu\u015fturmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131l\u0131yor.<\/em> Gamaragah k<\/em>\u00f6y\u00fcndeki H\u0131ristiyanlar\u0131n hepsi namaz k\u0131lmaya zorland\u0131. Onlara namaz ve dualar \u00f6\u011fretildi. Gamaragah erkeklerinin hepsi sar\u0131k takmaya, kad\u0131nlar ise y\u00fczlerini bile pe\u00e7eyle kapatmak zorunda b\u0131rak\u0131ld\u0131lar. T\u00fcrk kad\u0131n\u0131n\u0131n k\u0131yafeti H\u0131ristiyan kad\u0131n\u0131 i\u00e7in de mecbur k\u0131l\u0131nd\u0131.<\/em> Garmir k<\/em>\u00f6y\u00fc sakinlerine zorla M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanl\u0131k kabul ettirildi ve erkeklerin hepsi s\u00fcnnet edildi. Bu k\u00f6yl\u00fcler aras\u0131nda k\u00f6y\u00fcn Gregoryen kilisesi papaz\u0131 Der Da\u00e7at da vard\u0131.<\/em> Arapgir\u2019in 20 kadar Gregoryen k<\/em>\u00f6y\u00fc sakinlerine \u00f6l\u00fcm tehdidiyle islamiyet kabul ettirildi. K\u00f6ylerin adlar\u0131 \u015funlard\u0131r; Sagmega, Ma\u015fgert, Ehnetzik, Vahzen, Zabelvar, Kuhna, Yagavir, Agen, Vank, Grani, Hatzgeni, Zak, Sincan. Bunlar\u0131n i\u00e7inde adlar\u0131 bilinemeyen birka\u00e7 k\u00f6y daha vard\u0131r.\u0130slamiyete ge\u00e7irilen k\u00f6ylerin ahalisi i\u00e7inde bu k\u00f6ylerin papazlar\u0131 da bulunmaktad\u0131r. K\u00f6yl\u00fc erkeklerin hepsi ayr\u0131ca s\u00fcnnet edilmi\u015ftir\u2026<\/em><\/em><\/p>\n

Diyarbekir Vilayetindeki, Surp Astvadzadz<\/em>in Partzirarahayatz’\u0131 soyup so\u011fana \u00e7evirdikten sonra y\u0131kt\u0131lar. Manast\u0131r cemaatinin hepsi \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc, din adam\u0131 Der Hagop hari\u00e7. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc korkutmak i\u00e7in onun \u00f6nce bir kula\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kestiler ve bu y\u00f6ntemle korkuttuktan sonra \u00e7aresiz islamiyeti kabul etti ve s\u00fcnnet oldu.<\/em> Diyarbekir \u00e7evresindeki Silvan, Be\u015firi, Zerivan ve Paravan y\u00f6ne\u00adtim b\u00f6lgelerine ba\u011fl\u0131 105 k\u00f6y\u00fcn Hristiyan ahalisi ile Hani ve Lice il\u00e7elerinin H\u0131ristiyan n\u00fcfusunun bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc zorla \u0130slamla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131.<\/em> Palu’daki k<\/em>\u00f6ylerde katliamlardan arta kalanlar \u0130slamiyeti kabule zorland\u0131lar. Mevcut kiliselerin hepsi camiye \u00e7evrildi. Havav k\u00f6y\u00fc kilisesi soyulduk\u00adtan sonra ate\u015fe verildi. Bu k\u00f6y\u00fcn Ermeni n\u00fcfusu, papazlar\u0131 Der Bogos da dahil M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u2026<\/em> listeuzar gider\u2026<\/p>\n

1896 y\u0131l\u0131nda haz\u0131rlanan Charmetant\u2019\u0131n raporu\u2019nun bir \u00f6zelli\u011fide 20 y\u0131l sonra ger\u00e7ekle\u015fecek Soyk\u0131r\u0131ma i\u015faret etmesidir , ki J\u00f6nt\u00fcrk y\u00f6netimi bu kehaneti<\/em> do\u011frulayacakt\u0131r:\u00a0 Bo<\/em>\u011fazi\u00e7i’nde tutulacak z\u0131rhl\u0131 say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n tart\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 ile me\u015fgul olan Avrupa diplomasisin Bizans oyunlar\u0131na kan\u00admas\u0131 veya \u00f6yle g\u00f6z\u00fckmesi, kendi g\u00fc\u00e7s\u00fczl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn, etkin olamad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kabul etmesinin resmidir. \u0130\u015fin en tehlikeli y\u00f6n\u00fc de budur. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc a\u00e7\u0131\u011fa \u00e7\u0131kan bu g\u00fc\u00e7s\u00fczl\u00fck daha yeni bitmi\u015f g\u00f6z\u00fcken ama yenilerinin haz\u0131r\u00adlanaca\u011f\u0131ndan emin oldu\u011fumuz katliamlara T\u00fcrk’\u00fc cesaretlendirmi\u015ftir. T\u00fcrk b\u00f6ylece H\u0131ritiyan devletlerden korkmas\u0131na gerek olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131na emin olunca Ermenileri tamamen ortadan kald\u0131rma amac\u0131ndan \u0131srarl\u0131 olacakt\u0131r. Avrupa bu \u015fekilde pasif ve etkisiz kalmakla m\u00fcsl\u00fcman barbarl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n da su\u00e7 ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 durumuna d\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. <\/em>Charmetant, 1915 Soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131k bir dille ifade etmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

Akunq.net<\/em><\/strong><\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

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[1]<\/a> Tovmas M\u0131girdi\u00e7yan, Diyarbak\u0131r Vilayeti Katliamlar\u0131 ve K\u00fcrtlerin Vah\u015feti, Kahire 1919<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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[2]<\/a> Wofgang Gust, Alman Belgeleri, \u00e7ev. Z. Hasan\u00e7ebi, A. Takcan, Belge uluslar aras\u0131 Y. 2012 s 27.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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[3]<\/a> \u201cSultan Abd\u00fclhamit b\u00fct\u00fcn ulusalc\u0131 hareketlenmeleri \u00f6zellikle M\u00fcsl\u00fcman-H\u0131ristiyan \u00e7eli\u015fmesini hareket ettirerek, katliamlarla, kitle ter\u00f6r\u00fc yaratarak sindirmeyi denemi\u015ftir. Bu sistemli karga\u015fal\u0131klar sonucu 1894-96 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda resmi kaynaklara g\u00f6re 10 binden fazla insan hayat\u0131n\u0131 kaybetmi\u015ftir. Bunun 2 bini M\u00fcsl\u00fcman’d\u0131r. Ama, bunlar resmi Osmanl\u0131 kay\u0131tlar\u0131d\u0131r. Katliamlar\u0131n ger\u00e7ek boyutu ise daha b\u00fcy\u00fckt\u00fcr ve y\u00fcz binleri bulmaktad\u0131r. Lepsius, 88 bin 243 Ermeni’nin \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f oldu\u011funu yazmaktad\u0131r. Zartaryan 300 bin civar\u0131nda oldu\u011funu belirtir.\u201d ( Recep Mara\u015fl\u0131, Ermeni ulusal Demokratik Hareketi ve 1915 Soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131, Peri Y. 2008, s 159)<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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[4]<\/a> George A. Bournoution, Ermeni Tarihi, Ermeni halk\u0131n\u0131n Tarihine K\u0131sa bir Bak\u0131\u015f, \u00e7ev. E. Abado\u011flu, O. K\u0131l\u0131\u00e7da\u011f\u0131, Aras Y. 2011, s 219-220<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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[5]<\/a> Bu konuda geni\u015f bilgi,\u00a0 bu bask\u0131n\u0131 ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirenlerden Karekin Past\u0131rmac\u0131yan (Armen Garo) an\u0131lar\u0131nda bulunmaktad\u0131r; Armen Garo\u2019nun An\u0131lar\u0131, Osmanl\u0131 Bankas\u0131, \u00e7ev. Attila tuygan, Belge uluslar aras\u0131 Y. 2009. \u201cOsmanl\u0131 Bankas\u0131 bask\u0131n\u0131n\u0131n bir di\u011fer sonucu da, bat\u0131l\u0131 devletlerin bir s\u00fcre daha Ermeni reformunu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmelerine kar\u015f\u0131, Ermeni \u00f6rg\u00fctlerinin radikalle\u015fmesinden ve kendilerini de hedef almaya ba\u015flamas\u0131ndan rahats\u0131z olmalar\u0131 ve aralar\u0131na daha so\u011fuk bir mesafe koymaya ba\u015flamalar\u0131 oldu.\u201d( Recep Mara\u015fl\u0131, Ermeni ulusal Demokratik Hareketi ve 1915 Soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131, Peri Y. 2008, s 159)<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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[6]<\/a> George A. Bournoution, Ermeni Tarihi\u2026 s 220<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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[7]<\/a> Edvvin Pears, “Forty Years in Constantinople”, London, 1916, s.162; “life of Abdul Hamid. London, 1917,<\/p>\n

s.2S7 (Aktaran: Rohat Alakom, “Eski \u0130stanbul K\u00fcrtleri, 1453-1925”, Avesta, \u0130stanbul, 1998<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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[8]<\/a> \u00a0Donalt Quataert,\u00a0\u00a0 Osmanl\u0131 imparatorlu\u011funda Igg\u00fcc\u00fc Politikas\u0131 ve Siyaset: Hamallar ve Bab\u0131\u00e2li, Tarih ve Toplum, no.33, 1986<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[9]<\/a> Recep Mara\u015fl\u0131, Ermeni ulusal Demokratik Hareketi ve 1915 Soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131, Peri Y. 2008, s 159<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[10]<\/a> Beylerian, Arthur, “Uimperialisme et le mouvement national armenien (1885-1890),” in: Relations internationales, Nr, 3, s. 19-54, Genf-Paris, 1975. S 38 aktaran: Hans-Lukas Kieser, Iskalanm\u0131\u015f Bar\u0131\u015f, \u00e7ev. Atilla Dirim, \u0130leti\u015fim Y. 2005, s 210<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[11]<\/a> Levon Vartan, The armenian 1915, Atlas Printing Press Beirut, 1970, s 85-86<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[12]<\/a> Erzurum hakk\u0131nda: Chambers 1988 (1928), s. 36, 75 vd., 88 vd. Ele\u015fkirt hakk\u0131nda: Chambers 1988 (1928), s. <\/em>33-35, 89 vd. Akt HL Kieser, \u0130skalanm\u0131\u015f Bar\u0131\u015f, s 211<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[13]<\/a> Alt\u0131n\u0131 ben \u00e7izdim (SC)<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[14]<\/a> Hans-Lukas Kieser, Iskalanm\u0131\u015f Bar\u0131\u015f, \u00e7ev. Atilla Dirim, \u0130leti\u015fim Y. 2005, s 216-217<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[15]<\/a> Kamuran G\u00fcr\u00fcn taraf\u0131ndan verilmektedir.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[16]<\/a> \u0130htiyatl\u0131 g\u00f6zlemciler dahi 1896 yaz\u0131nda, kitle katliamlar\u0131 sonras\u0131nda on iki ya\u015f al\u00adt\u0131nda en az elli bin \u00f6ks\u00fcz \u00e7ocuktan s\u00f6z etmektedirler.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[17]<\/a> Charmetant\u00a0 raporu\u00a0 da kurban say\u0131s\u0131 hakk\u0131nda\u00a0 do\u011fru bilgi vermekten uzakt\u0131r. Bu durum raporda da belirtilmekte ma\u011fdur say\u0131s\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n belitilen rakam\u0131n \u00e7ok \u00fczerinde oldu\u011fu teslim edilmektedir.Her yerle\u015fim birimindeki kurban say\u0131s\u0131na gelince . Bu d\u00f6k\u00fcman\u0131 haz\u0131rlayan komite sadece do\u011fru de\u011ferlendirmeyi m\u00fcmk\u00fcn k\u0131lacak nitelikleri verileri hesaba katarak rakam\u0131 tesbit etmi\u015ftir. Yani <\/em>al<\/em>\u0131nan her bilgi hesaba kat\u0131lmam\u0131\u015f, nesnel ve resmi olanlara ra\u011fbet edilmi\u015ftir. Komite, duygusal ve abart\u0131l\u0131 durumlardan sak\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar\u0131n kendileri bile b\u00f6lgenin t\u00fcm\u00fcndeki maktul say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131, birka\u00e7 yere ait olanlar hari\u00e7, tam olarak, kesin bi\u00e7imde tespit ede\u00admemi\u015ftir. Bu rakamlar \u00f6zellikle tamamen yok edilen binlerce k\u00f6ye ve Diyarbekir, Van ve Harput y\u00f6relerindeki katliam yap\u0131lan nahiye ve k\u00f6ylere aittir. B\u00f6lgedeki temel yerle\u015fim birimlerinin d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki \u00f6l\u00fc say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 kesin olarak belirlemek asla m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu s\u0131ralar\u00adda ald\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z bilgilere g\u00f6re tam da bu yerlerde katliamlar\u0131n en korkun\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n yap\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve buralarda oluk oluk ak\u0131t\u0131lan Hristiyan kan\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6tekilere nazaran \u00e7ok daha fazla oldu\u011fu anla\u015f\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[18]<\/a> Hans-Lukas Kieser, Age, s 217-218<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[19]<\/a> Ermeni Katliamlar\u0131 Raporu, Haz. P.F. Charmetant, \u00c7ev. Mehmet Baytimur, Peri Y. 2012<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[20]<\/a> \u00c7i\u011fit barut \u00fcretiminde kullan\u0131lan temel maddelerden biridir. Sava\u015f \u00f6ncesi Avrupa\u2019n\u0131n m\u00fchimmat ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131layacak Kilikya pamu\u011fu Avrupa\u2019ya en yak\u0131n b\u00f6lgedir. Bu bak\u0131mdan Ermenilerin kontrol\u00fcndeki Kilikya pamu\u011funa el koyabilmek,\u00a0 bu b\u00f6lgedeki Ermenilerin yok edilmesiyle olanakl\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[21]<\/a> Vahakn N. Dadrian \u0130ttifak Devletleri Kaynaklar\u0131nda Ermeni Soyk\u0131r\u0131m, toplu Makaleler kitap 3 \u00e7ev. Ali \u00c7ak\u0131ro\u011flu, Belge Uluslar aras\u0131 Y. 2007, s 118-119,<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[22]<\/a> Vahakan N. Dadrian Age, s. 120<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[23]<\/a> Vakan N. Dadrian Age, s 114-115,<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[24]<\/a> Vakan N. Dadrian Age, s 121<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[25]<\/a> Vakan N. Dadrian Age, s 120<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[26]<\/a> D. Lloyd George, Memoirs of The Peace Conference, 2. Cilt Londra 1939, 811. Aktaran Vahakn N. Dadrian, Ermeni Soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 Tarihi, \u00e7ev. Ali \u00c7ak\u0131ro\u011flu, Belge Uluslar aras\u0131 Y. 2008 s 111-112<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[27]<\/a> Vahakn N. Dadrian, Ermeni Soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 Tarihi, \u00e7ev. Ali \u00c7ak\u0131ro\u011flu, Belge Uluslar aras\u0131 Y. 2008 s 114<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[28]<\/a> Vahakn N. Dadrian, Ermeni Soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 Tarihi\u2026 s 121<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[29]<\/a> Vahakn N. Dadrian, Ermeni Soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 Tarihi\u2026 s 123<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[30]<\/a> Tarsus\u2019taki hareketi k\u0131\u015fk\u0131rtan Kayseri\u2019den gelmi\u015f T\u00fcrklerdir. Bunlar Kayseri\u2019deki katliamlar\u0131 anlatarak Tarsuslular\u0131 ayn\u0131 i\u015fleri yapmaya ikna etmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rlar.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Sait \u00c7etino\u011flu Abd\u00fclhamid d\u00f6neminde Ermenilere kar\u015f\u0131 ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen 1894-96 katliamlar\u0131 1915 Soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n g\u00f6lgesinde kalmaktad\u0131r. Bunun nedeni 20. Y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ilk b\u00fcy\u00fck soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n boyutu ve vah\u015fetinden kaynaklanmaktad\u0131r. Oysa 1894-96 katliamlar\u0131 ve ard\u0131nda b\u0131rakt\u0131\u011f\u0131 izler son derece derin ve \u00f6nemlidir. Bunlardan birka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131 sayarsak: Bu katliamlar\u0131n arkas\u0131nda kitlesel olarak Ermeniler \u0130slam’a ge\u00e7irilmi\u015flerdir. Diyarbak\u0131r \u0130ngiliz konsolos Yard\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131 bu s\u00fcrecin alt\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7izerek […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":16622,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6,14,26],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-16621","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ermeni-soykirimi","category-haberler","category-makaleler"],"yoast_head":"\n1894-96 Ermeni Katliamlar\u0131 ve Charmetant raporu - Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/akunq.net\/turkish\/2012\/07\/12\/1894-96-ermeni-katliamlari-ve-charmetant-raporu\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"1894-96 Ermeni Katliamlar\u0131 ve Charmetant raporu - Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Sait \u00c7etino\u011flu Abd\u00fclhamid d\u00f6neminde Ermenilere kar\u015f\u0131 ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen 1894-96 katliamlar\u0131 1915 Soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n g\u00f6lgesinde kalmaktad\u0131r. Bunun nedeni 20. Y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ilk b\u00fcy\u00fck soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n boyutu ve vah\u015fetinden kaynaklanmaktad\u0131r. Oysa 1894-96 katliamlar\u0131 ve ard\u0131nda b\u0131rakt\u0131\u011f\u0131 izler son derece derin ve \u00f6nemlidir. Bunlardan birka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131 sayarsak: Bu katliamlar\u0131n arkas\u0131nda kitlesel olarak Ermeniler \u0130slam’a ge\u00e7irilmi\u015flerdir. Diyarbak\u0131r \u0130ngiliz konsolos Yard\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131 bu s\u00fcrecin alt\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7izerek […]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/akunq.net\/turkish\/2012\/07\/12\/1894-96-ermeni-katliamlari-ve-charmetant-raporu\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2012-07-12T07:33:37+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"kalem\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"kalem\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"44 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/akunq.net\/turkish\/2012\/07\/12\/1894-96-ermeni-katliamlari-ve-charmetant-raporu\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/akunq.net\/turkish\/2012\/07\/12\/1894-96-ermeni-katliamlari-ve-charmetant-raporu\/\",\"name\":\"1894-96 Ermeni Katliamlar\u0131 ve Charmetant raporu - 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