{"id":16138,"date":"2012-06-23T05:33:19","date_gmt":"2012-06-23T10:33:19","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=16138"},"modified":"2012-06-23T05:33:19","modified_gmt":"2012-06-23T10:33:19","slug":"eski-ermenistan-bolgesi-ve-idari-bolunmesi-hakkinda-kisa-bilgiler","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/turkish\/2012\/06\/23\/eski-ermenistan-bolgesi-ve-idari-bolunmesi-hakkinda-kisa-bilgiler\/","title":{"rendered":"3. Eski Ermenistan b\u00f6lgesi ve idari b\u00f6l\u00fcnmesi hakk\u0131nda k\u0131sa bilgiler"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

\u2018Co\u011frafya Kitab\u0131\u2019na G\u00f6re Ermenistan<\/em><\/p>\n

–\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Ermenistan deyince, Ermeni halk\u0131n\u0131n ya\u015fay\u0131p, tarihini in\u015fa etti\u011fi b\u00f6lgenin b\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fc anla\u015f\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

–\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Akamenik \u0130ran\u2019\u0131n egemenli\u011fi alt\u0131nda bulundu\u011fu d\u00f6nemden itibaren Ermenistan\u2019la ilgili yaz\u0131l\u0131 kaynaklar, I. Darius\u2019un (521-484) Behistun (Kirman\u015fah \u015fehri yak\u0131nlar\u0131nda) yaz\u0131tlar\u0131 ile Yunan tarih\u00e7iler Herodos ve Ksenofon\u2019un yaz\u0131lar\u0131nda kar\u015f\u0131m\u0131za \u00e7\u0131kmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

–\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Darius\u2019un Behistun yaz\u0131tlar\u0131nda belirtilen y\u00f6reler (birka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131n yeri h\u00e2l\u00e2 tespit edilememi\u015ftir) Ermenistan\u2019\u0131n (kay\u0131tlarda Armenia olarak ge\u00e7mektedir) g\u00fcney s\u0131n\u0131r b\u00f6lgeleridir, bu nedenle, Behistun yaz\u0131tlar\u0131 sayesinde Ermenistan\u2019\u0131n kaplam\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu alan hakk\u0131nda tam fikir edinmek m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fildir. Herodos ve Ksenofon\u2019dan edinilen verilerde de hemen-hemen ayn\u0131 sorun ya\u015fanmaktad\u0131r. Lakin her hal\u00fck\u00e2rda, Yunanl\u0131 tarih\u00e7ilerin sunmu\u015f oldu\u011fu bilgiler daha b\u00fct\u00fcnc\u00fcl ve kesin olup, Ermenistan\u2019\u0131n boyutlar\u0131 hakk\u0131nda hi\u00e7 de\u011filse yakla\u015f\u0131k bir fikir edinme imk\u00e2n\u0131 sa\u011flamaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

–\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 M.\u00d6. 519 y\u0131l\u0131nda, I. Darius d\u00f6neminde kurulan Akemenik egemenli\u011fi, M.\u00d6. 330 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar devam etmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

–\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Ermenistan da d\u00e2hil olmak \u00fczere, I. Darius d\u00f6neminde Akemenik \u0130ran\u2019a ba\u011fl\u0131 olan t\u00fcm \u00fclkeler, idari d\u00fczenlemeler ya\u015fad\u0131.<\/p>\n

–\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 I. Darius, t\u00fcm \u0130ran\u2019\u0131 b\u00f6lgelere, satrapl\u0131klara<\/em> ay\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131, bu b\u00f6lgelerin y\u00f6neticileri satrap (y\u00f6netici) olarak an\u0131lmaktayd\u0131. Kendi b\u00f6lgelerinde idari ve hukuki egemenli\u011fe sahip olarak, vergileri toplay\u0131p Akemenik krall\u0131\u011f\u0131na g\u00f6nderen satraplar, do\u011frudan Darius\u2019a ba\u011fl\u0131yd\u0131.<\/p>\n

Ermenistan\u2019\u0131n eski y\u00f6neticileri, satraplara tabi olmakla birlikte i\u00e7 hukuklar\u0131n\u0131 korumaktayd\u0131.<\/p>\n

–\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Herodos taraf\u0131ndan Armenia olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lan Ermeni soy gruplar\u0131n\u0131n yerle\u015fim yerleri, Akemenik \u0130ran\u2019\u0131n iki satrapl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, (13. ve 18.) olu\u015fturmaktayd\u0131. 13. satrapl\u0131\u011fa, Ermeni Y\u00fcksek Platosu\u2019nun bat\u0131 b\u00f6lgeleri olan Armenia (Armenlerin \u00fclkesi), Hayassa-Azi ve bunlara kom\u015fu birka\u00e7 ufak soy grubu b\u00f6lgeleri girmekteydi. Armenia, Tigris (Dicle) Nehri\u2019nin yukar\u0131 ve Aradzani (Murat\u00e7ay) Nehri\u2019nin a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 k\u0131s\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131 i\u00e7ine al\u0131p, alan itibar\u0131yla daha ge\u00e7 d\u00f6nemdeki Dsopk ve A\u011fdznik eyaletlerine denk d\u00fc\u015fmekteydi. Ermeni Y\u00fcksek Platosu\u2019nun merkezi k\u0131s\u0131mlar\u0131ndan haricindeki b\u00f6lgelerin de belirtilen d\u00f6nemde Armenia\u2019ya d\u00e2hil oldu\u011funu varsayabiliriz.<\/p>\n

–\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Herodot\u2019un belirtti\u011fine g\u00f6re Arminia, bat\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturan Yeprat (F\u0131rat) Nehri\u2019nden ba\u015flayarak g\u00fcneydo\u011fuya, \u0130ran\u2019\u0131n \u201ckral yolu\u201d y\u00f6n\u00fcnde 56,6 fersah (yakla\u015f\u0131k 320 km.) yay\u0131lmaktayd\u0131. Ayn\u0131 \u00e7apta do\u011fuya do\u011fru da yay\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 varsayarsak (ki, \u00e7ok m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr) do\u011fu s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131, Aradsani y\u00f6n\u00fcnde, Van G\u00f6l\u00fc havzas\u0131na kadar ula\u015f\u0131p, daha ileri d\u00f6nemdeki Turuberan eyaletinin b\u00fcy\u00fck bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 i\u00e7ine alm\u0131\u015f olmal\u0131yd\u0131.<\/p>\n

–\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Armenlerin \u00fclkesinin hemen kuzeyinde Hayassa yay\u0131lmaktayd\u0131. Hayassa\u2019n\u0131n kuzey s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131n\u0131 Pontus s\u0131rada\u011flar\u0131 olu\u015fturmaktayd\u0131.<\/p>\n

–\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Armenia ve Hayassa\u2019n\u0131n haricinde Akemenik \u0130ran\u2019\u0131n 13. Satrapl\u0131\u011f\u0131na, Hayassa\u2019n\u0131n kuzeyinde, Pontus Denizi\u2019ne (Karadeniz) d\u00e2hil olan b\u00f6lgeler de girmekteydi.<\/p>\n

–\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 18. Satrapl\u0131k, Herodos\u2019un belirtti\u011fine g\u00f6re, Matienler, Saspeyrler ve Alarodlar\u0131n \u00fclkesinden olu\u015fmaktayd\u0131.<\/p>\n

–\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 18. Satrapl\u0131\u011f\u0131n kesin s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131 bilmek son derece ilgin\u00e7 olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen, verilerin yetersiz olmas\u0131ndan dolay\u0131 \u015fimdilik bu imk\u00e2ndan mahrumuz. Matienlerin, Van ve Urmiya g\u00f6lleri aras\u0131nda, Alarodlar\u0131n, Van G\u00f6l\u00fc havzas\u0131nda, Ararat (A\u011fr\u0131) Ovas\u0131 ve do\u011fusunda kalan alanda, Saspeyrlerin ise, \u0130spir ve Tayk b\u00f6lgelerinde ya\u015fam\u0131\u015f olduklar\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yleyebiliriz.<\/p>\n

–\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Akemenik \u0130ran\u2019\u0131n egemenli\u011fi d\u00f6nemindeki Ermenistan hakk\u0131nda en \u00f6nemli kaynak Ksenofon\u2019un \u201cAnabazis\u201d \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131d\u0131r. Bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmada hayli ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 bir \u015fekilde Ksenofon ve 10000 ki\u015filik Yunan ordusunun, Ermenistan ve Trabzon \u00fczerinden Yunanistan\u2019a d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fc anlat\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Bu ricat, M.\u00d6. 401-400 y\u0131llar\u0131nda ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmi\u015ftir. Ksenofon\u2019un Ermenistan hakk\u0131ndaki verileri, kendisinin de \u015fahsen Ermenistan\u2019da bulunup, g\u00f6rg\u00fc \u015fahidi olarak yazm\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fundan dolay\u0131 g\u00fcvenilirdir. Ksenofon\u2019un sunmu\u015f oldu\u011fu bilgilerin, sadece Ermenistan\u2019\u0131n (Armenia) Yunan ordusuyla birlikte ge\u00e7mi\u015f oldu\u011fu b\u00f6lgelerle ilgili oldu\u011fu tabiidir.<\/p>\n

–\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Ksenofon\u2019un vermi\u015f oldu\u011fu bilgilerle, tarihi baz\u0131 sorunlar haricinde, o d\u00f6nemin Ermenistan b\u00f6lgesi ve idari b\u00f6l\u00fcnmesiyle ilgili belli bir fikir olu\u015fturmak da m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

–\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Kesnofon\u2019un kay\u0131tlar\u0131na g\u00f6re Armenia, o d\u00f6nemde idari a\u00e7\u0131dan Do\u011fu Armenia ve Bat\u0131 Armenia olarak iki k\u0131sma ayr\u0131lmaktayd\u0131. Bunlardan her biri ayr\u0131 satrapl\u0131k olup, Akemenik \u0130ran\u2019a ba\u011fl\u0131yd\u0131. N. Adonts\u2019un belirtti\u011fine g\u00f6re, Ksenofon\u2019un belirtmi\u015f oldu\u011fu Armenia\u2019n\u0131n (Ermenistan) do\u011fu ve bat\u0131 k\u0131s\u0131mlar\u0131, Herodot taraf\u0131ndan belirtilen, ayn\u0131 Akemenik d\u00f6nemin, yukar\u0131da belirtilen 13. ve 18. satrapl\u0131klar\u0131na uymaktad\u0131r. Bu durum, Herodot zaman\u0131nda 18. satrapl\u0131kta Ermenile\u015fme s\u00fcrecinin \u00e7ok derin oldu\u011fu, bu y\u00fczden de Herodot\u2019tan k\u0131sa bir s\u00fcre sonra 18. Satrapl\u0131\u011f\u0131n Ksenofon taraf\u0131ndan Saspeyrlerin, Matienlerin ve Alarodlar\u0131n \u00fclkesi yerine, Do\u011fu Armenia (Do\u011fu Ermenistan) olarak belirtilmi\u015f olmas\u0131ndan g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir.<\/p>\n

–\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Selefk\u00fcs egemenli\u011fi d\u00f6neminde (M. \u00d6. IV. y\u00fczy\u0131l sonlar\u0131ndan II. y\u00fczy\u0131l ba\u015f\u0131na kadar) Ermenistan\u2019\u0131n bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc Selefk\u00fcs krallar\u0131na tabi olmu\u015ftur. O d\u00f6nemlerdeki Ermenistan K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck Hayk, Dsopk ve B\u00fcy\u00fck Hayk<\/strong> olmak \u00fczere \u00fc\u00e7 k\u0131s\u0131mdan olu\u015fmaktayd\u0131. Bunlardan K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck Hayk ve B\u00fcy\u00fck Hayk\u2019\u0131n kuzey k\u0131sm\u0131 \u00f6zerk olup, yerel krallar taraf\u0131ndan y\u00f6netilmekteydi. En son tarihi ve arkeolojik ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131n neticelerine g\u00f6re B\u00fcy\u00fck Hayk\u2019ta, Yervantuni krallar\u0131n\u0131n h\u00fck\u00fcm s\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir. Yervantuniler\u2019in, Ararat Ovas\u0131\u2019nda kurmu\u015f oldu\u011fu baz\u0131 kale ve \u015fehirler i\u00e7inde en \u00f6nemlileri Yervanda\u015fat \u015fehri ve Yervandakert kalesidir.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Dsopk<\/em><\/p>\n

–\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Selefk\u00fcs d\u00f6neminde Dsopk, Bat\u0131 Tigris\u2019in yukar\u0131 k\u0131sm\u0131 ve Aradsani\u2019nin a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 k\u0131s\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131 i\u00e7ine almaktayd\u0131. Hayli ge\u00e7 bir d\u00f6nemde, ancak II. Tigran zaman\u0131nda B\u00fcy\u00fck Hayk\u2019la birle\u015ftirilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

–\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 B\u00fcy\u00fck Hayk ve Ermenistan\u2019\u0131n di\u011fer b\u00f6lgeleri olan Dsopk ve K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck Hayk, farkl\u0131 zamanlarda, farkl\u0131 \u00e7aplara sahip olmu\u015flard\u0131r. Alman Armenolog H\u00fcbschmann, Strapon\u2019un bilgilerine dayanarak, as\u0131l Ermenistan\u2019\u0131n (K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck Hayk haricindeki t\u00fcm Ermeni topraklar\u0131), Selefk\u00fcs d\u00f6neminde daha sonraki 15 eyaletlerden ancak d\u00f6rd\u00fcn\u00fc, \u201cD\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc Hayk, A\u011fdznik, Turuberan ve Ayrarat\u201d\u0131 kapsad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 tahmin etmektedir. Lakin kan\u0131tlar, Selefk\u00fcs egemenli\u011fi d\u00f6neminde, H\u00fcbschmann\u2019\u0131n belirtmi\u015f oldu\u011fu eyaletlerin haricinde, Van G\u00f6l\u00fc\u2019n\u00fcn g\u00fcneyinde bulunan Moks b\u00f6lgesi ve R\u0131\u015ftunik ile g\u00f6l\u00fcn g\u00fcneydo\u011fusundaki bir\u00e7ok b\u00f6lgenin de B\u00fcy\u00fck Hayk\u2019a dahil oldu\u011funu ispatlamaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

–\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Bunun haricinde, daha sonraki d\u00f6nemde B\u00fcy\u00fck Hayk\u2019a ba\u011flanan, Y\u00fcksek Hayk eyaletinin bat\u0131 ve kuzeybat\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131n da Ermenistan\u2019a ait olup, Selefk\u00fcs egemenli\u011fi d\u00f6neminde K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck Hayk\u2019a d\u00e2hil oldu\u011funu belirtmek gerekir.\u00a0<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck Hayk<\/em><\/p>\n

–\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Selefk\u00fcs d\u00f6nemindeki K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck Hayk\u2019\u0131n, M.\u00d6. II. y\u00fczy\u0131ldan M. S. III. y\u00fczy\u0131la kadar olan s\u00fcrede sahip oldu\u011fundan daha b\u00fcy\u00fck bir alan kapsam\u0131\u015f oldu\u011funu belirtmek gerekir. O d\u00f6nemde, Halis ve Gayl nehirlerinin havzalar\u0131 haricinde, daha sonralar\u0131 Y\u00fcksek Hayk olarak an\u0131lacak eyaletin b\u00fcy\u00fck bir k\u0131sm\u0131 da K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck Hayk\u2019a d\u00e2hildi. I. Arta\u015fes (M.\u00d6. II. yy.) Y\u00fcksek Hayk\u2019\u0131 B\u00fcy\u00fck Hayk\u2019a birle\u015ftirmi\u015f, bu d\u00f6nemden itibaren de B\u00fcy\u00fck Hayk\u2019a ait bir b\u00f6lge olarak kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

–\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Selefk\u00fcs egemenli\u011fi d\u00f6neminde B\u00fcy\u00fck Hayk, K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck Hayk ve Dsopk\u2019ta ekonomi ve k\u00fclt\u00fcrde geli\u015fme ya\u015fan\u0131r. Bu sayede toplumda s\u0131n\u0131f ayr\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131 daha derinle\u015fir. Ermeni halk\u0131, ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z bir devlete sahip olmak u\u011fruna her f\u0131rsat\u0131 kullanmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r. Ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z Ermeni devleti k\u0131sa bir s\u00fcre sonra ger\u00e7ek olur.<\/p>\n

–\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Selefk\u00fcs devleti devaml\u0131 sava\u015flar, ayaklanmalar ve y\u00f6netici elit i\u00e7indeki ayr\u0131\u015fmalar sebebiyle M.\u00d6. III. y\u00fczy\u0131lda giderek zay\u0131flamaya ba\u015flar. \u0130mparatorluktan peyderpey yeni \u00fclkeler ayr\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n

–\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Kral B\u00fcy\u00fck Andiokos M.\u00d6. 190 y\u0131l\u0131nda Magnezia yak\u0131nlar\u0131nda Roma taraf\u0131ndan a\u011f\u0131r bir yenilgi al\u0131nca, bundan faydalanan B\u00fcy\u00fck Hayk\u2019\u0131n Arta\u015fes ve Dsopk\u2019un Zare y\u00f6neticileri kendilerini ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z ilan eder. B\u00f6ylece B\u00fcy\u00fck Hayk ve Dsopk devletleri kurulur.<\/p>\n

–\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck Hayk, \u00e7ok daha \u00f6nce ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ilan etmi\u015fti.<\/p>\n

–\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 B\u00fcy\u00fck Hayk ve Dsopk\u2019un Ermeni krall\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n alanlar\u0131 ve geni\u015flemeleriyle ilgili Strapon\u2019un yaz\u0131lar\u0131nda hayli bilgi edinmekteyiz.<\/p>\n

–\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Bu kay\u0131tlardan, B\u00fcy\u00fck Hayk kral\u0131 Arta\u015fes\u2019in, Kasp (Hazar, Paytakaran) \u00fclkesini, Vaspurakan\u2019\u0131 (Van, Strapon\u2019un yaz\u0131lar\u0131nda Basuropeda olarak ge\u00e7mektedir), Pavnitis\u2019i (baz\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar taraf\u0131ndan S\u00fcnik b\u00f6lgesi olarak kabul edilmektedir), Pariatres da\u011flar\u0131 eteklerini, Tayk\u2019\u0131, Khordzen\u2019i, Gugark\u2019\u0131 (Gogarine), Karin b\u00f6lgesini (Karenites, Erzurum), Dercan\u2019\u0131 (Derk\u0131sene, Karin\u2019in bat\u0131s\u0131) ve T\u0131morik\u2019i (Kortuk da\u011flar\u0131 g\u00fcneyi) topraklar\u0131na katm\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir. Dsopk kral\u0131 Zare ise Antitoros taraflar\u0131nda olan \u00fclkeyi ve Yeke\u011fyats b\u00f6lgesini (bu b\u00f6lge o zamanlar \u00e7ok daha b\u00fcy\u00fck bir alan\u0131 kaplamaktayd\u0131) ele ge\u00e7irmi\u015fti.<\/p>\n

–\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 B\u00f6ylece, B\u00fcy\u00fck Hayk ve Dzopk, I. Arta\u015fes (M.\u00d6. 189-160) ve Zare d\u00f6neminde Paytakaran, S\u00fcnik, Vaspurakan, Ayrarat, Gugark, Tayk, Y\u00fcksek Hayk\u2019\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck bir k\u0131sm\u0131, Turuberan, D\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc Hayk, A\u011fdznik, Mok, Kor\u00e7ayk\u2019\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck bir k\u0131sm\u0131 ile tahminen Utik ve Artsakh\u2019\u0131 (Karaba\u011f), yani daha ge\u00e7 d\u00f6nemlerdeki Ar\u015fakuni hanedanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00f6nemindeki Ermeni devletinin 15 eyaletlerinden 14\u2019\u00fcn\u00fc birle\u015ftirmi\u015flerdi.<\/p>\n

–\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Strapon\u2019un belirtti\u011fine g\u00f6re, bu geni\u015fletilmi\u015f Ermenistan\u2019da halk bir tek dil, Ermenice konu\u015fmaktayd\u0131.<\/p>\n

–\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Ayn\u0131 M.\u00d6. II. y\u00fczy\u0131lda B\u00fcy\u00fck Hayk ve Dsopk haricinde, Yeprat\u2019\u0131n bat\u0131s\u0131nda bulunan K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck Hayk da geni\u015fleyip, Parkhar (Pariadres) Da\u011flar\u0131\u2019n\u0131n bat\u0131 yama\u00e7lar\u0131 ve Pontos\u2019un kuzeydo\u011fu k\u0131y\u0131 \u015feritlerini ele ge\u00e7irmi\u015fti.<\/p>\n

–\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Bu \u00fc\u00e7 Ermeni krall\u0131klar\u0131 aras\u0131nda en b\u00fcy\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ve g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fcs\u00fc I. Arta\u015fes\u2019in krall\u0131\u011f\u0131, B\u00fcy\u00fck Hayk olmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n

–\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 B\u00fcy\u00fck Hayk\u2019la ilgili tarih\u00e7iler, II Tigran (M.\u00d6. 95-55) zaman\u0131ndan itibaren ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 bilgiler vermektedir.<\/p>\n

–\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 II. Tigran, tahta \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131ktan hemen sonra, daha I. Arta\u015fes zaman\u0131nda B\u00fcy\u00fck Hayk\u2019a ba\u011flanm\u0131\u015f olup, kendisinin esaretten kurtar\u0131lmas\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda Part devletine b\u0131rak\u0131lan At\u0131rpatakan dolaylar\u0131ndaki 70 vadiyi geri al\u0131r. \u00c7o\u011fu ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131n\u0131n g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcne g\u00f6re bu 70 vadi, daha sonra Parskahayk olarak an\u0131lacak olan eyaletin topraklar\u0131na denk d\u00fc\u015fmekteydi. Tigran, daha sonra (yakla\u015f\u0131k 94 y\u0131l\u0131nda), Dsopk\u2019u da B\u00fcy\u00fck Hayk\u2019a ba\u011flar ve daha sonraki \u00e7a\u011flarda da b\u00f6yle kal\u0131r.<\/p>\n

–\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 II. Tigran\u2019\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck krall\u0131\u011f\u0131, Dsopk\u2019u kendisine ba\u011flad\u0131ktan sonra Kapadokya\u2019yla do\u011frudan s\u0131n\u0131ra sahip olur. Dsopk\u2019un birle\u015ftirilmesinde k\u0131sa bir s\u00fcre sonra, hatta ondan da \u00f6nce, K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck Hayk\u2019\u0131n do\u011fu k\u0131s\u0131mlar\u0131 da II. Tigran taraf\u0131ndan B\u00fcy\u00fck Hayk\u2019a birle\u015ftirilir. Bu b\u00f6lge, Karin eyaletini (daha sonraki d\u00f6nemde Y\u00fcksek Hayk) olu\u015fturup, g\u00fcneyde ise Korduk\u2019u Ermenistan\u2019a ba\u011flar.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

B\u00fc<\/em>y\u00fck Tigran\u2019\u0131n \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu (M.\u00d6. 69 y\u0131l\u0131 itibar\u0131yla)<\/em><\/em><\/p>\n

–\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Tigran\u2019\u0131n fethetmi\u015f oldu\u011fu bu \u00fclkeler, bu d\u00f6nemden itibaren Ermeni devletini olu\u015fturur. At\u0131rpatakan, B\u00fcy\u00fck Media, Adiaben, Osroen, Mizdonia, Kommagene, Asur ve di\u011fer sava\u015flar esnas\u0131nda Tigran taraf\u0131ndan ele ge\u00e7irilen \u00f6teki \u00fclkeler ise \u00e7ok k\u0131sa s\u00fcre Ermenistan b\u00fcnyesinde kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ele ge\u00e7irilen \u00fclkeler M.\u00d6. 65 y\u0131l\u0131nda Ermenistan\u2019dan koptu\u011funda, Ermenistan\u2019\u0131n siyasi s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 Ermeni Y\u00fcksek Platosu s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131yla hemen tamamen \u00f6rt\u00fc\u015fmekteydi. Bu a\u00e7\u0131dan, eski Ermenistan veya Armenolojide s\u0131kl\u0131kla kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi, \u201cTarihi Ermenistan\u201ddan bahsederken, II. Tigran\u2019\u0131n emperyalist devleti yerine I. Arta\u015fes d\u00f6neminin B\u00fcy\u00fck Hayk\u2019\u0131 ve Tigran zaman\u0131nda buna eklenen Dsopk, K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck Hayk\u2019\u0131n do\u011fusu, Korduk ve daha sonraki d\u00f6nemde Parskahayk olarak an\u0131lan Yeni \u015eirakan\u2019\u0131 anlamak gerekmektedir.<\/p>\n

Eski Ermenistan bu s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131yla, kuzeydo\u011fu ve kuzey k\u0131s\u0131mlar\u0131ndaki baz\u0131 sapmalar haricinde, genel olarak, Ermeni Y\u00fcksek Platosu\u2019na denk d\u00fc\u015fmekte ve kuzey s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131n\u0131 Kur Nehri, g\u00fcneyini Korduk ve Masius Da\u011flar\u0131, bat\u0131da F\u0131rat Nehri, do\u011fuda ise Kaputan G\u00f6l\u00fc ve g\u00f6l\u00fcn kuzeydo\u011fu y\u00f6n\u00fcnde bulunan s\u0131rada\u011flar olu\u015fturmaktayd\u0131. Yukar\u0131da s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 belirtilen \u00fclke, II. Tigran d\u00f6neminden itibaren B\u00fcy\u00fck Hayk veya Ermenistan ad\u0131yla an\u0131lmaktayd\u0131. Bu s\u0131n\u0131rlar daha sonraki \u00e7a\u011flarda s\u0131k-s\u0131k de\u011fi\u015fime u\u011fray\u0131p, bazen daral\u0131p, bazen de geni\u015fleyerek, bazen de idari-siyasi a\u00e7\u0131dan \u00fclkenin farkl\u0131 devletler aras\u0131nda b\u00f6l\u00fcnm\u00fc\u015f olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen, her hal\u00fck\u00e2rda, yukar\u0131da belirtilen b\u00f6lge, b\u00fct\u00fcn olarak, tarih\u00e7iler taraf\u0131ndan Ermenistan olarak an\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

–\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Selefk\u00fcs ve Arta\u015fesyanlar\u0131n egemenli\u011fi d\u00f6neminde Ermenistan\u2019\u0131 \u00e7evreleyen \u00fclkeler Vir, A\u011fvan (Albanya), At\u0131rpatakan, Part K\u0131rall\u0131\u011f\u0131, Kapadokya, Pontos ile Partlara tabi olan ve Tigris\u2019in yukar\u0131 k\u0131sm\u0131 ile Mezopotamya\u2019da bulunan k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck Adiaben, Migdonia (merkezi M\u0131dsbin olmak \u00fczere) ile Osroen (merkezi Yetesia\/Urfa olmak \u00fczere) krall\u0131klar\u0131 olmu\u015ftur. Ermenistan, bu kom\u015fular\u0131yla ekonomik ve k\u00fclt\u00fcrel s\u0131k\u0131 ili\u015fkiler i\u00e7indeydi.<\/p>\n

–\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Ermeni devleti, Arta\u015fesyanlar\u0131n krall\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00f6neminde, i\u00e7 b\u00f6lgeler ve d\u0131\u015f \u00fclkeler olarak iki b\u00fcy\u00fck k\u0131sma ayr\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. D\u0131\u015f \u00fclkelerin i\u00e7inde Arvastan (M\u0131dsbin \u00e7evresi), Korduk, Nor \u015eirakan, Gugark, Dsopk ve A\u011fdznik b\u0131de\u015fkhlikleri vard\u0131 ve bu b\u00f6lgeler M.\u00d6. 65 y\u0131l\u0131nda II. Tigran ve Pompeus aras\u0131nda yap\u0131lan antla\u015fmayla Ermenistan b\u00fcnyesinde kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. B\u0131de\u015fkhlikler, yar\u0131 ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z olup, Ermenistan krallar\u0131na tabiydi. Bu b\u0131de\u015fkhliklerin, Ermenistan kral\u0131na tabi olarak sunmu\u015f olduklar\u0131 en \u00f6nemli hizmet,\u00a0 her birinin, Ermenistan s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131n\u0131n kendi taraf\u0131na d\u00fc\u015fen k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 savunmakla y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fc olmas\u0131yd\u0131. Bu y\u00fczden de bu b\u0131de\u015fkhlikler \u201ctarafl\u0131klar\u201d veya \u201cs\u0131n\u0131r muhaf\u0131zl\u0131klar\u0131\u201d olarak da an\u0131lmaktayd\u0131. B\u0131de\u015fkhler, \u00fclke i\u00e7indeki toprak sahibi asillerden daha \u00fcst\u00fcn mevkie sahipti. II. Tigran zaman\u0131nda A\u011fdznik b\u0131de\u015fkhinin, kral\u0131n yak\u0131nlar\u0131ndan biri taraf\u0131ndan y\u00f6netilmesinin haricinde, b\u0131de\u015fkhlik g\u00f6revi b\u0131rak\u0131tsal olarak devredilmekteydi. A\u011fdznik\u2019in bu \u00f6zelli\u011fi ise b\u00f6lgenin, ba\u015fkent Tigranakert\u2019le birlikte hanedanl\u0131\u011fa ait olmas\u0131ndan ileri gelmekteydi.<\/p>\n

–\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Devletin i\u00e7 b\u00f6lgelerinin idari durumu biraz farkl\u0131yd\u0131. Merkezi ta\u015fran\u0131n y\u00f6neticileri, kral taraf\u0131ndan atanmaktayd\u0131. Y\u00f6neticiler, b\u00fcy\u00fck toprak sahibi asillerin i\u00e7inden atanmaktayd\u0131. Bu y\u00f6neticiler, \u00f6nemli derecede m\u00fclk hakk\u0131 elde etmi\u015f olmalar\u0131na ra\u011fmen, s\u00f6z konusu b\u00f6lgeyi miras yoluyla y\u00f6netme hakk\u0131na sahip de\u011fillerdi. En etkili b\u00fcy\u00fck toprak sahibi ailenin b\u00fcy\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, kral taraf\u0131ndan \u201cata\u201d veya \u201cmalik\u201d s\u0131fat\u0131yla, b\u00f6lge y\u00f6neticisi tayin edilmekteydi. Bu y\u00f6neticiler genelde \u00fcst d\u00fczey askerler olmaktayd\u0131.<\/p>\n

–\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00dclkenin, Arta\u015fesyan hanedanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00f6nemindeki i\u00e7 b\u00f6lgelerinin idari b\u00f6l\u00fcnmesi hakk\u0131nda \u00e7ok az bilgi g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze ula\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

–\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Yunanl\u0131 tarih\u00e7i B\u00fcy\u00fck Plinius\u2019un belirtti\u011fine g\u00f6re o d\u00f6nemindeki Ermenistan, strategiyalar<\/em> (generallikler) olarak adland\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 120 b\u00f6lgeye ayr\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lara g\u00f6re, bu b\u00f6lgelerin b\u00fcy\u00fck bir k\u0131sm\u0131 daha II. Tigran zaman\u0131nda var olmu\u015flard\u0131.<\/p>\n

–\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u0130dari b\u00f6lgelerin, Arta\u015fesyan hanedanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00f6neminde, \u00f6zellikle de Tigran zaman\u0131nda, genel olarak askeri b\u00f6lgelere e\u015fde\u011fer olduklar\u0131n\u0131 olas\u0131 kabul etmek gerekmektedir. Arta\u015fesyan d\u00f6nemi Ermenistan\u2019\u0131n iki ba\u015fkenti vard\u0131, I. Arta\u015fes zaman\u0131nda (yakla\u015f\u0131k M.\u00d6. 166) kurulan Arta\u015fat ve II. Tigran zaman\u0131nda (M.\u00d6. 77) kurulan Tigranakert.<\/p>\n

–\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Ermenistan\u2019\u0131n kaplam\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu alan hakk\u0131nda daha ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 bilgi Ar\u015fakuni hanedanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00f6neminden (M.S. 66-428) bize ula\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Tarih\u00e7ilerin sunduklar\u0131 verilerden g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc gibi, Ermenistan\u2019\u0131n s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 o d\u00f6nemlerde g\u00fcneydo\u011fuda Zinta Kalesi (g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde Keli\u015fin da\u011f ge\u00e7idi b\u00f6lgesinde) ve At\u0131rpatakan\u2019\u0131n Gandzak \u015fehrine (Mara\u011fa\u2019n\u0131n g\u00fcneyinde) kadar ula\u015fmaktayd\u0131. Ermeni devletinin s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 g\u00fcneyde Kortuk Da\u011flar\u0131\u2019na ve Bat\u0131 Tigris\u2019e, kuzeyde Kur Nehri\u2019ne, bat\u0131da Yeprat\u2019a, do\u011fuda ise Kasp (Hazar) Denizi\u2019ne ula\u015fmaktayd\u0131.<\/p>\n

–\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Belirtilen s\u0131n\u0131rlar d\u00e2hilinde ya\u015fayan halk\u0131n ezici \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011funu Ermeniler olu\u015fturmaktayd\u0131. Lakin \u00f6zellikle s\u0131n\u0131ra yak\u0131n b\u00f6lgelerde, Ermenilerle birlikte daha farkl\u0131 milletler Korduklular, Marlar, A\u011fvanlar, G\u00fcrc\u00fcler, Yunanl\u0131lar, Asurlular, Kapadokyal\u0131lar vs. ya\u015famaktayd\u0131. B\u00f6ylelikle, Ar\u015fakuniler d\u00f6neminde Ermeni halk\u0131n\u0131n etnik s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 sadece takriben devlet s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131yla \u00f6rt\u00fc\u015fmekteydi. G\u00fcneydo\u011fuda ve do\u011fuda Ermenistan\u2019\u0131n siyasi s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131, etnik s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6tesindeyken, bat\u0131da durum tam tersineydi. Ermenistan\u2019\u0131n siyasi s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131n Yeprat Nehri\u2019nden ge\u00e7iyor olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen, yurtta\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011funu Ermenilerin olu\u015fturdu\u011fu t\u00fcm K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck Hayk, Yeprat Nehri\u2019nin bat\u0131s\u0131na d\u00fc\u015fmekteydi. Dahas\u0131, k\u0131sa bir s\u00fcre sonra, VI. y\u00fczy\u0131lda Ermeni unsuru o denli bat\u0131ya uzanmaktayd\u0131 ki, hemen t\u00fcm Kapadokya\u2019da \u00e7o\u011funluk olu\u015fturmaktayd\u0131 ve K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck Asya\u2019n\u0131n do\u011fusunda J\u00fcstinyen d\u00f6neminde (M.S. 527-565) ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilen yeni idari b\u00f6l\u00fcnme, bu durumdan dolay\u0131 yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n

–\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Ar\u015fakuni hanedanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00f6neminde Ermenistan\u2019\u0131n yukar\u0131da belirtilen siyasi s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 hemen-hemen de\u011fi\u015fmeden kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Belirtilen s\u0131n\u0131rlar, Ar\u015fakuni hanedanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00f6nemindeki Ermenistan\u2019\u0131n en geni\u015f s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131yd\u0131. Ermenistan\u2019\u0131n s\u0131n\u0131r eyaletleri olan A\u011fdznik, Korduk, Artsakh (Karaba\u011f), Utik ve Gugark zaman-zaman Ermenistan s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131n d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda kalmakla birlikte, tekrar ba\u011flanmaktayd\u0131. Bunun haricinde, Roma ve \u0130ran da, g\u00fcneydo\u011fu, g\u00fcney ve g\u00fcneybat\u0131daki, Ermenistan\u2019a ait olan baz\u0131 b\u00f6lgeleri ge\u00e7ici olarak ellerine ge\u00e7irmekteydi. Lakin IV. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ikinci yar\u0131s\u0131na kadar Ermenistan ordusunun g\u00fcc\u00fc sayesinde bu b\u00f6lgeler tekrar Ermenistan\u2019a ba\u011flanmaktayd\u0131.<\/p>\n

–\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Ar\u015fakunilerin y\u00f6netimi d\u00f6neminde Ermenistan devletinin ba\u015fkentleri Arta\u015fat ve Va\u011far\u015fapat olmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

387-428 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda Ermenistan<\/em><\/p>\n

–\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Roma ve Sasani \u0130ran aras\u0131nda s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclen uzun sava\u015flar sonucunda Ermenistan, IV. y\u00fczy\u0131lda bu iki devlet aras\u0131nda b\u00f6l\u00fcn\u00fcr. 387 y\u0131l\u0131nda akdedilen antla\u015fma, 591 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fckte kal\u0131r.<\/p>\n

–\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u0130ran ve Roma aras\u0131nda akdedilen \u00f6zel bir antla\u015fmayla Ermenistan\u2019\u0131n u\u00e7 eyaletleri olan Dsopk, A\u011fdznik, Korduk, Yeni \u015eirakan (Parskahayk), Ba\u011fasakan b\u00f6lgesi (Paytakaran), Artsakh, Utik ve Gugark Ermenistan\u2019dan kopart\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olarak kabul edilerek, belirtilen devletlere ba\u011flan\u0131r. Sadece merkezi eyaletler Ermenistan\u2019a ba\u011fl\u0131 kalarak \u00fclke bu iki devlet aras\u0131nda b\u00f6l\u00fcn\u00fcr. Ermenistan\u2019\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck k\u0131sm\u0131, 4\/5\u2019i \u0130ran\u2019a, 1\/5\u2019i ise Roma\u2019ya ba\u011flan\u0131r<\/p>\n

–\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Tarihe, Ermenistan\u2019\u0131n ilk b\u00f6l\u00fcnmesi olarak ge\u00e7en bu b\u00f6l\u00fcnme sonras\u0131nda Ermenistan, art\u0131k B\u00fcy\u00fck Hayk\u2019\u0131 tamamen i\u00e7ine alan tek bir Ermeni krall\u0131\u011f\u0131 yarat\u0131lmad\u0131.<\/p>\n

–\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Ermenistan\u2019\u0131n do\u011fu ve bat\u0131 k\u0131s\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131n ayr\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n, b\u00f6lgesel anlam\u0131 olmas\u0131ndan ziyade siyasi, hatta k\u00fclt\u00fcrel anlam ta\u015f\u0131maktayd\u0131. Hem \u0130ranl\u0131lar, hem de \u00f6zellikle Romal\u0131lar, farkl\u0131 \u015fekillerle Ermeni halk\u0131n\u0131n i\u00e7 hayat\u0131na kar\u0131\u015fmaktayd\u0131, tabii ki olumsuz a\u00e7\u0131dan.<\/p>\n

–\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 387 y\u0131l\u0131ndaki b\u00f6l\u00fcnmeyle, Roma ve \u0130ran aras\u0131ndaki s\u0131n\u0131r Ermenistan d\u00e2hilinde M\u0131dsbin-Karin (Erzurum) \u00e7izgisinden ge\u00e7mekteydi.<\/p>\n

–\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Bu hatt\u0131n hem Roma, hem de \u0130ran taraf\u0131nda var olan kaleler ve kale-\u015fehirlere yenileri eklendi. B\u00f6ylece, s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131n g\u00fcney u\u00e7 noktas\u0131n\u0131 te\u015fkil eden ve tahkim edilmi\u015f bir kent olan M\u0131dsbin, \u0130ran taraf\u0131nda bulunmaktayd\u0131, kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda ise, kuzeye do\u011fru yay\u0131lan Dara veya Anastasupolis kale-\u015fehri (g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde, k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck Karadara\/Karadere K\u00f6y\u00fc yak\u0131nlar\u0131).<\/p>\n

–\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Daha kuzeyde, s\u0131n\u0131r te\u015fkil eden Nimifos (g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde Batman Su) Nehri\u2019nin sa\u011f k\u0131y\u0131s\u0131nda, Martirupolis (Tigranakert) \u015fehri bulunmaktayd\u0131. Nehrin sol k\u0131y\u0131s\u0131nda, Arz\u0131n \u015fehriyle birlikte, \u0130ranl\u0131lar\u0131n zengin Arzanan b\u00f6lgesi yay\u0131lmaktayd\u0131. Bunun haricinde, Martirupolis\u2019in tam kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda, \u0130ran taraf\u0131nda Akba kalesi (g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde Anu\u015firvankala) vard\u0131. Akba yak\u0131nlar\u0131nda, \u0130ran s\u0131n\u0131r kaleleri Apum ve Kh\u0131lomar veya K\u0131\u011fimar bulunmaktayd\u0131. Roma ordular\u0131, VI. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n sonlar\u0131nda s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclen sava\u015flar esnas\u0131nda tam da bu \u0130ran kalelerinin (Akba, Apum ve Kh\u0131lamor) ele ge\u00e7irilmesi i\u00e7in \u00e7arp\u0131\u015fmaktayd\u0131.<\/p>\n

–\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u0130ran\u2019\u0131n Akba, Apum ve Kh\u0131lomar kalelerinin kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda tahkim edilmi\u015f Roma kaleleri vard\u0131. B\u00f6ylelikle, Martirupolis ve kuzeyinde bulunan Attakh kalesi haricinde, Martirupolis\u2019in 35 km. uza\u011f\u0131nda Pis kalesi de bulunmaktayd\u0131. Pis\u2019in bat\u0131s\u0131nda, 8-10 km. uza\u011f\u0131nda, birbirlerine hayli yak\u0131n K\u0131lesur\u2019un iki da\u011f ge\u00e7itleri bulunmaktayd\u0131. Elimize ula\u015fan verilere istinaden, daha sonraki d\u00f6nemde, imparator J\u00fcstinyen zaman\u0131nda, \u00f6zel stratejik \u00f6neme haiz Pis kalesi ve K\u0131lesur da\u011f ge\u00e7idi daha iyi tahkim edilmi\u015flerdir.<\/p>\n

–\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Pis\u2019in kuzeyinde Ermeni Toroslar\u0131 yay\u0131lmaktayd\u0131.<\/p>\n

–\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 S\u0131n\u0131r, Ermeni Toroslar\u0131\u2019n\u0131n kuzeyinde, Aradsani Vadisi\u2019nde, Teodosupolis\u2019e (Karin, Erzurum) y\u00f6nelmekteydi. Roma egemenli\u011fi bu b\u00f6lgede \u0130ran\u2019la Ha\u015ftyank ve Khordzyan b\u00f6lgelerinde, K\u0131pari\u00e7 ve Artales (veya Artaleson) kaleleri hatt\u0131nda s\u0131n\u0131r olu\u015fturmaktayd\u0131. Ha\u015ftyank b\u00f6lgesinde bulunan K\u0131pari\u00e7, imparator J\u00fcstinyen zaman\u0131na kadar k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir k\u00f6yd\u00fc. Burada, suni hendeklerle sa\u011flam bir kale kuran J\u00fcstinyen, bu kaleyi Ha\u015ftyank b\u00f6lgesinin savunma noktas\u0131na d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fcr. Khordzyan b\u00f6lgesindeki Artales de ayn\u0131 rol\u00fc oynamaktayd\u0131.<\/p>\n

–\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Teodosupolis, Roma b\u00f6lgesinde bulunmaktayd\u0131. Tam s\u0131n\u0131rda olmay\u0131p, biraz bat\u0131ya d\u00fc\u015fmekteydi. Bu b\u00f6lgede, Du K\u00f6y\u00fc tam s\u0131n\u0131rdayd\u0131, daha kuzeyde, g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz Kandil Da\u011f\u0131 yak\u0131nlar\u0131nda ise Dsa\u011fik K\u00f6y\u00fc vard\u0131.<\/p>\n

–\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Teodosupolis\u2019in kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda, \u0130ran taraf\u0131nda Bol veya Bo\u011f kalesi bulunmaktayd\u0131. Bu kale, VI. y\u00fczy\u0131ldaki \u0130ran-Roma sava\u015f\u0131nda \u00f6nemli bir rol oynam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bo\u011f Kalesi\u2019nin yeri g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde tam olarak tespit edilememi\u015ftir. Genellikle g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczdeki Hasankale\u2019yle \u00f6zde\u015fle\u015ftirilmektedir. Adonts\u2019a g\u00f6re, Pol Kalesi\u2019nin y\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131, Kargapazar Da\u011flar\u0131 b\u00f6lgesindeki Bo\u011fa Kale yak\u0131nlar\u0131nda aramak gerekir.<\/p>\n

–\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 B\u00f6ylelikle, Ermenistan\u2019\u0131n 387 y\u0131l\u0131ndaki ilk b\u00f6l\u00fcnme hatt\u0131nda Roma taraf\u0131nda Anastasupolis (Dara), Martirupolis (Tigranakert), Attakh, Pis, iki K\u0131lesurlar, K\u0131tari\u00e7, Artales ve Teodosupolis (Karin), \u0130ran taraf\u0131nda ise M\u0131dsbin, Arz\u0131n, Akba, Apum, Kh\u0131lomar ve Bo\u011f kaleleri bulunmaktayd\u0131.<\/p>\n

–\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u0130ki \u00fclke aras\u0131ndaki s\u0131n\u0131r, g\u00fcney – kuzey \u00e7izgisinde M\u0131dsbin-\u0130licay Da\u011flar\u0131-Ka\u011frid Nehri-Serok Da\u011flar\u0131-Deveboynu, kuzey-bat\u0131 do\u011frultusunda ise Kargapazar Da\u011flar\u0131- Kandil Da\u011flar\u0131 \u00fczerindeki co\u011frafi hat boyunca, Karadeniz yak\u0131nlar\u0131na kadar uzanmaktayd\u0131.<\/p>\n

–\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Belirtilen hatt\u0131n do\u011fusunda Ermenistan\u2019\u0131n, Sasani \u0130ran\u2019a ge\u00e7mi\u015f olup, Do\u011fu Ermenistan olarak an\u0131lan b\u00f6lgesi, bu hatt\u0131n bat\u0131s\u0131nda ise Roma b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc, yani Bat\u0131 Ermenistan bulunmaktayd\u0131.<\/p>\n

http:\/\/www.yerkir.ru\/2012-01-14-20-46-26\/1007-2012-01-15-08-35-29<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u2018Co\u011frafya Kitab\u0131\u2019na G\u00f6re Ermenistan –\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Ermenistan deyince, Ermeni halk\u0131n\u0131n ya\u015fay\u0131p, tarihini in\u015fa etti\u011fi b\u00f6lgenin b\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fc anla\u015f\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. –\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Akamenik \u0130ran\u2019\u0131n egemenli\u011fi alt\u0131nda bulundu\u011fu d\u00f6nemden itibaren Ermenistan\u2019la ilgili yaz\u0131l\u0131 kaynaklar, I. Darius\u2019un (521-484) Behistun (Kirman\u015fah \u015fehri yak\u0131nlar\u0131nda) yaz\u0131tlar\u0131 ile Yunan tarih\u00e7iler Herodos ve Ksenofon\u2019un yaz\u0131lar\u0131nda kar\u015f\u0131m\u0131za \u00e7\u0131kmaktad\u0131r. –\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Darius\u2019un Behistun yaz\u0131tlar\u0131nda belirtilen y\u00f6reler (birka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131n yeri h\u00e2l\u00e2 tespit […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":16139,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[7,14],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-16138","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ermenilerin-tarihi","category-haberler"],"yoast_head":"\n3. Eski Ermenistan b\u00f6lgesi ve idari b\u00f6l\u00fcnmesi hakk\u0131nda k\u0131sa bilgiler - Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/akunq.net\/turkish\/2012\/06\/23\/eski-ermenistan-bolgesi-ve-idari-bolunmesi-hakkinda-kisa-bilgiler\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"3. Eski Ermenistan b\u00f6lgesi ve idari b\u00f6l\u00fcnmesi hakk\u0131nda k\u0131sa bilgiler - Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\u2018Co\u011frafya Kitab\u0131\u2019na G\u00f6re Ermenistan –\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Ermenistan deyince, Ermeni halk\u0131n\u0131n ya\u015fay\u0131p, tarihini in\u015fa etti\u011fi b\u00f6lgenin b\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fc anla\u015f\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. –\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Akamenik \u0130ran\u2019\u0131n egemenli\u011fi alt\u0131nda bulundu\u011fu d\u00f6nemden itibaren Ermenistan\u2019la ilgili yaz\u0131l\u0131 kaynaklar, I. 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