{"id":15571,"date":"2012-06-02T05:56:11","date_gmt":"2012-06-02T10:56:11","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=15571"},"modified":"2012-06-02T05:56:11","modified_gmt":"2012-06-02T10:56:11","slug":"ermeni-ulusunun-dogusu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/turkish\/2012\/06\/02\/ermeni-ulusunun-dogusu\/","title":{"rendered":"2. Ermeni ulusunun do\u011fu\u015fu"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

M.\u00d6. III. ve II. biny\u0131llarda <\/em>Ermeni Y\u00fcksek Platosu<\/em> ve <\/em>\u00d6n Asya: <\/em>\u0130lk Ermeni devletl te\u015fekk\u00fclleri<\/em><\/p>\n

III. ve II. biny\u0131llarda Ermeni Platosu\u2019nda, \u0130ndo-German \u0131rk\u0131na ait y\u00fczlerce boy ya\u015famaktayd\u0131.<\/p>\n

Ermeni ulusunun \u015fekillenmesi s\u00fcrecine kat\u0131lm\u0131\u015f \u0130ndo-German dil ailesine mensup boylardan en b\u00fcy\u00fckleri HAY ve ARMEN boylar\u0131yd\u0131.<\/p>\n

<!–[if !supportLists]–>\uf0b7 <!–[endif]–>HAYASSA<\/strong><\/p>\n

Hitit devleti M.\u00d6. XVIII.-XII. y\u00fczy\u0131llarda K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck Asya\u2019da kurulmu\u015ftu.<\/p>\n

M.\u00d6. XVII. y\u00fczy\u0131lda ise Mittaniler (Hurriler) Kuzey Mezopotamya\u2019da devletlerini kurar.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Hayasa<\/em><\/p>\n

Hayassa devleti, B\u00fcy\u00fck Hayk\u2019tan Karadeniz\u2019e kadar uzanan alanda kurulmu\u015ftu. Ermeni ulusunun HAY ismi, Hayassa-Azzi devletinin isminden gelmektedir. Hayassa devletinin merkezi, Yeprat (F\u0131rat) Nehri k\u0131y\u0131s\u0131ndaki Ani-Kamakh (Kemah) yerle\u015fimi olmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n

Hayassa\u2019n\u0131n kelime anlam\u0131, Hay + asa (Hitit\u00e7e) – Hay (Ermeni) \u00fclkesi, olmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n

Hayassa ismi ilk olarak, babas\u0131 kral III. Tudkhalia (M.\u00d6. 1410-1380) ile birlikte Hayassa\u2019ya kar\u015f\u0131 iki sefer d\u00fczenlemi\u015f olan Hititlerin Suppiluliumi (M.\u00d6. 1380-1346) kral\u0131n\u0131n yaz\u0131tlar\u0131nda belirtilmektedir. Sava\u015f, Kumakhkha yak\u0131nlar\u0131nda ger\u00e7ekle\u015fip, Karannilerin yenilgisiyle son bulmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n

Sonras\u0131nda, Suppilulium ve Hayassa kral\u0131 Huganna aras\u0131nda antla\u015fma yap\u0131l\u0131r ve Suppiluliumi, k\u0131zkarde\u015fini Huganna\u2019ya e\u015f olarak verir.<\/p>\n

Kral Annia, Huganna\u2019n\u0131n \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnden sonra Hititlerin Dankuva \u015fehrine sald\u0131r\u0131r (M.\u00d6. 1338), fakat Hitit kral\u0131 II. Mur\u015fili (M.\u00d6. 1346-1320), Hayassa\u2019ya sald\u0131rarak ele ge\u00e7irir.<\/p>\n

Hayassa\u2019ya dair son kayda, M.\u00d6. XIII. y\u00fczy\u0131ldaki bir Hitit kayd\u0131nda rastlamaktay\u0131z.<\/p>\n

KAR\u0130N\u2019in (Erzurum) kurulu\u015fu kral Karanni\u2019ye, AN\u0130 (Ani-Kamakh, Kemah) \u015fehrinin kurulu\u015fu ise kral Aniia\u2019ya ba\u011flanmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

<!–[if !supportLists]–>\uf0b7 <!–[endif]–> Armeni-\u015eupria<\/strong><\/p>\n

Eski \u00e7a\u011flardan beri Ermeni Y\u00fcksek Platosu\u2019nun g\u00fcneybat\u0131s\u0131 ve K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck Asya\u2019n\u0131n do\u011fu k\u0131sm\u0131nda ya\u015famakta olan Armenler, Asur kay\u0131tlar\u0131nda Urume<\/em>, Urartu kay\u0131tlar\u0131nda ise Urme<\/em> veya Arme <\/em>olarak an\u0131lmakta, Homeros ise bu ismi Arim<\/em> olarak belirtmektedir.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n

Armeni-\u015eupria<\/em><\/p>\n

Armeni, Armenia <\/em>ve Armina <\/em>isimleri ise Hurri-Urartu k\u00f6kenlidir. Armeni, Arme +ni (Hurri soneki) = Armenlerin \u00fclkesi anlam\u0131na gelmektedir. M.\u00d6. XXIII. y\u00fczy\u0131ldan kalma yaz\u0131l\u0131 bir kay\u0131tta, Akkad kral\u0131 Naram-Sin\u2019e kar\u015f\u0131 17 kral\u0131n durdu\u011funu, bunlardan 11.\u2019sinin Armani \u00fclkesi kral\u0131 Mandakina oldu\u011fu belirtilmektedir.<\/p>\n

\u0130kinci kay\u0131t, I. Sargon\u2019un (M.\u00d6. 1980-1948) bir yaz\u0131t\u0131d\u0131r ve Armani \u00fclkesinin, Sargon\u2019un egemenli\u011fi alt\u0131nda bulundu\u011funu belirtmektedir.<\/p>\n

Urume<\/em> \u015fekli ise ilk olarak Asur kral\u0131 I. Tigladpalasar (M.\u00d6. 1115-1077) zaman\u0131ndan kalmad\u0131r. Burada, \u015eupria \u00fclkesinin Alzi ve A\u011fdznik b\u00f6lgelerinin, Urumeal\u0131lar taraf\u0131ndan ele ge\u00e7irilmi\u015f oldu\u011fundan bahsedilmektedir.<\/p>\n

Urmeukhi olarak adland\u0131rd\u0131klar\u0131 Armeni-\u015eupria\u2019ya ak\u0131n ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftiren ilk Urartu kral\u0131, Menua olmu\u015ftur. I. Argi\u015fti M.\u00d6. 773 y\u0131l\u0131nda Urme\u2019ye sald\u0131r\u0131p, tahrip ederek 24 bin ki\u015fi esir al\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Arme<\/em> \u015fekli ilk defa II. Sardur zaman\u0131nda kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. II. Sardur \u00fc\u00e7 ak\u0131n ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirerek 8500 esir g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcr.<\/em><\/p>\n

<!–[if !supportLists]–><\/em>\uf0b7<\/em> <\/em><!–[endif]–><\/em>Ermenistan\u2019\u0131n g\u00fcneyinde Sukhmu \u00fclkesi bulunmaktayd\u0131. Ermenistan\u2019\u0131n, G\u00fcrc\u00fcler taraf\u0131ndan Somkheti olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n kayna\u011f\u0131 bu olabilir. <\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

Yeprat\u2019\u0131n sa\u011f k\u0131y\u0131s\u0131nda bulunan Tegarama \u00fclkesi, \u0130ncil\u2019de Torgom\u2019un evi<\/em> (\u00fclkesi) olarak belirtilen \u00fclkedir.<\/p>\n

Tegarama\u2019n\u0131n g\u00fcneyinde Melid \u00fclkesi (g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz Malatya\u2019s\u0131) bulunmaktayd\u0131.<\/p>\n

<!–[if !supportLists]–>\uf0b7 <!–[endif]–>Nayiri<\/strong><\/p>\n

XIV.-XIII. y\u00fczy\u0131llarda Van G\u00f6l\u00fc \u00e7evresi, g\u00fcneyi ve bat\u0131s\u0131nda ya\u015fayan Hurri-Urartu \u0131rklar\u0131, Asur kay\u0131tlar\u0131nda NA\u0130R\u0130 olarak an\u0131lmaktayd\u0131. Bu isim Asur dilinde Nehirler (Sular) \u00dclkesi anlam\u0131na gelip, Yeprat ve Tigris (Dicle) nehirleri aras\u0131nda bulundu\u011fundan dolay\u0131 bu isimle an\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Nairi \u00fclkesiyle ilgili ilk kay\u0131t, Nairi\u2019yi ele ge\u00e7irmi\u015f olan kral I. Salmanasar (M.\u00d6. 1280-1261) yaz\u0131tlar\u0131nda kar\u015f\u0131m\u0131z \u00e7\u0131kmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Kral Tukulti-Ninurta (M.\u00d6. 1261-1239) da Nairi\u2019ye sald\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131na Nairi\u2019nin 40 kral\u0131 (boylar\u0131n y\u00f6neticileri) \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

I. Tigladpalasar, Nairi\u2019ye kar\u015f\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7 ak\u0131n d\u00fczenlemi\u015ftir. II. Asurnazirapal (M.\u00d6. 883-859) da ak\u0131nlar d\u00fczenlemi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

<!–[if !supportLists]–>\uf0b7 <!–[endif]–> Etiuni<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ararat (A\u011fr\u0131) Ovas\u0131 ve g\u00fcneyinde Etiuni soy birli\u011fi yay\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Bu \u00fclke, bat\u0131da Nairi \u00fclkesiyle s\u0131n\u0131rda\u015ft\u0131. Sevan G\u00f6l\u00fc \u00e7evresi Sular Eteuni\u2019si olarak an\u0131lmaktayd\u0131. Etiuni\u2019nin merkezi b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc, Aza \u00fclkesini olu\u015fturmaktayd\u0131, g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz Yerevan\u2019\u0131 bu b\u00f6lgede bulunmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

<!–[if !supportLists]–>\uf0b7 <!–[endif]–>Daya<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ermeni Y\u00fcksek Platosu\u2019nun kuzeybat\u0131s\u0131nda bulunmaktad\u0131r ve ismi Ermenistan\u2019\u0131n Tayk b\u00f6lgesine (g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz Artvin, Ardahan dolaylar\u0131) ge\u00e7mi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

<!–[if !supportLists]–>\uf0b7 <!–[endif]–>Van (Urartu, Ararat) Krall\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n

ErmeniY\u00fcksek Platosu\u2019nun g\u00fcneyinde, 8 soydan olu\u015fan Uruatri<\/em> soy birli\u011fi yerle\u015fikti. Asurlular I. y\u00fczy\u0131lda bu \u00fclkeye sald\u0131r\u0131p tahrip etmi\u015flerdi.<\/p>\n

M.\u00d6. 859\u2019da, Ar\u00e7e\u015f (Arzasku, Erci\u015f) \u015fehrini ba\u015fkent olarak se\u00e7en Biaynili kral\u0131 Arame\u2019nin ad\u0131 ge\u00e7mektedir.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

M.\u00d6. XI.-VII. y\u00fczy\u0131llarda Van krall\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/em><\/p>\n

Arame\u2019yi Lutiprin, ard\u0131ndan da I. Sardur (M.\u00d6. 835-825) takip eder. I. Sardur, Tu\u015fpa-Van \u015fehrinin kurulu\u015fuyla ilgili \u00e7ivi yaz\u0131t\u0131nda kendisini \u201cB\u00fcy\u00fck kral, g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc kral, k\u00e2inat\u0131n kral\u0131, krallar\u0131n kral\u0131\u201d olarak anmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Sardur\u2019u, o\u011flu \u0130\u015fbuini (M.\u00d6. 825-810), ard\u0131ndan \u0130\u015fbuini\u2019nin o\u011flu Menua (M.\u00d6: 810-786) takip eder. Bu y\u00f6neticilerin d\u00f6neminde krall\u0131k g\u00fc\u00e7lenir. Kuzeyde Araks (Aras) Nehri k\u0131y\u0131lar\u0131na ula\u015fan Menua, Ararat\u2019\u0131n kuzey eteklerinde Menuakhinili \u015fehrini kurar. Daha sonra Urme (Taron, Mu\u015f) ve Arkhi (Hark) eyaletlerini ele ge\u00e7irir. Bat\u0131da ise Dsupa (Dzopk, g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz Tunceli-Elaz\u0131\u011f b\u00f6lgesi) ve Melid (Malatya) \u00fclkelerini i\u015fgal eder.<\/p>\n

Menua taraf\u0131ndan in\u015fa edilen ve Hayots Dzor\u2019dan Van\u2019a kadar uzanan 72 kilometrelik bir su kanal\u0131 (Menua kaz\u0131s\u0131) daha sonra \u015eamiram Kanal\u0131 olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Menua\u2019dan sonra h\u00fck\u00fcm s\u00fcren o\u011flu I. Argi\u015fti (M.\u00d6. 786-764), Ararat Ovas\u0131\u2019n\u0131 ele ge\u00e7irerek, Arin Berd tepeci\u011fi \u00fczerinde M.\u00d6. 782 y\u0131l\u0131nda, AR tanr\u0131s\u0131 ad\u0131na Erebuni \u015fehir-kalesini kurar ve 6600 Ermeni askerini, aileleriyle birlikte buraya yerle\u015ftirir.<\/p>\n

Bir y\u0131l sonra, Ararat Ovas\u0131\u2019n\u0131n merkezinde Argi\u015ftikhinili (Armavir) \u015fehrini kurar. Ard\u0131ndan Sevan G\u00f6l\u00fc \u00e7evresini, \u015eirak b\u00f6lgesini (g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde G\u00fcmr\u00fc) ve Daiukhi\u2019yi (Tayk) ele ge\u00e7irir. Argi\u015fti\u2019yi, o\u011flu II. Sardur (M.\u00d6. 764-735) izler. II. Sardur, Velikukh\u2019u (Ge\u011farkukik, Sevan b\u00f6lgesi) ele ge\u00e7irdikten sonra Arme \u00fclkesine sald\u0131r\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Asur kral\u0131 III. Tigladbalasar, M.\u00d6. 743 y\u0131l\u0131nda Sardur\u2019u yenilgiye u\u011frat\u0131p, ba\u015fkent Tu\u015fpa\u2019y\u0131 ku\u015fat\u0131r, fakat ele ge\u00e7irmeye muvaffak olamaz.<\/p>\n

Sardur\u2019u, o\u011flu I. Rusa (M.\u00d6. 735-713) takip eder. I. Rusa, Rusakhinili \u015fehrini in\u015fa eder. I. Rusa\u2019n\u0131n krall\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00f6neminde Asur kral\u0131 II. Sargon, Rusa\u2019ya ba\u011fl\u0131 Mudsadsiri beyli\u011fine sald\u0131rarak Khald ve Tey\u015febaini tanr\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n tap\u0131naklar\u0131n\u0131 ya\u011fmalar.<\/p>\n

Kuzey Kafkasya\u2019l\u0131 g\u00f6\u00e7ebe Kimmer boylar\u0131 bu d\u00f6nemde i\u015fgal ak\u0131nlar\u0131na ba\u015flar, onlar\u0131 \u0130skitler izler.<\/p>\n

Rusa\u2019y\u0131 izleyen II. Argi\u015fti (M.\u00d6. 713-685) Asurla \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmaya girmekten ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Kimmerlerle ittifak yapan II. Rusa (M.\u00d6. 685-645) Pr\u00fcgia (Finike) ve Khatti\u2019yi ele ge\u00e7irir.<\/p>\n

Zvartnots harabelerinde bulunan bir yaz\u0131tta, Hrazdan Ovas\u0131\u2019nda Rusa taraf\u0131ndan \u00fcz\u00fcm ba\u011flar\u0131 ve meyve a\u011fa\u00e7lar\u0131 dikilmi\u015f oldu\u011fu belirtilmektedir.<\/p>\n

II. Rusa, Yerevan yak\u0131nlar\u0131nda Tey\u015febaini (Karmir B\u0131lur) i\u00e7 kalesini kurar. Senekerim\u2019in (M.\u00d6. 704-681) elinden kurtulan Sanasar ve Adramelik\u2019in Ermenistan\u2019a s\u0131\u011f\u0131nmas\u0131, II. Rusa zaman\u0131nda vuku bulmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n

Bu d\u00f6nemde g\u00fc\u00e7lenen Mar krall\u0131\u011f\u0131 Ermenistan ve Babil\u2019le ittifak yaparak M.\u00d6. 612 y\u0131l\u0131nda Asur krall\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 y\u0131kar. Daha sonra gelen krallar III. Sardur (M.\u00d6. 645-635), IV. Sardur (M.\u00d6. 635-625), III. Argi\u015fti (625-620), Erimena (M.\u00d6. 620-610), III. Rusa (M.\u00d6. 610-600), IV. Rusa (M.\u00d6. 600-590) olmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n

M.\u00d6. 590 y\u0131l\u0131na do\u011fru Mar\u2019lar Ararat Ovas\u0131\u2019na sald\u0131r\u0131p, yerel a\u015firetlerin de yard\u0131m\u0131yla, aralar\u0131nda Tey\u015febaini\u2019nin de bulundu\u011fu, bir\u00e7ok Urartu \u015fehri ve merkezini tahrip ederler.<\/p>\n

Urartu krall\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7\u00f6k\u00fc\u015f\u00fcyle birlikte, Ermeni ulusunun \u015fekillenme s\u00fcreci son bulur. Ermeni Y\u00fcksek Platosu\u2019nun sakinleri, yeni bir Ermeni devleti olan, Yervanduniler Krall\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00e2hilinde toplan\u0131r.<\/p>\n

http:\/\/www.yerkir.ru\/2012-01-14-20-46-26\/1006-2012-01-15-08-32-49<\/p>\n

http:\/\/norsahag.blogspot.com\/2009\/09\/blog-post_05.html<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

M.\u00d6. III. ve II. biny\u0131llarda Ermeni Y\u00fcksek Platosu ve \u00d6n Asya: \u0130lk Ermeni devletl te\u015fekk\u00fclleri III. ve II. biny\u0131llarda Ermeni Platosu\u2019nda, \u0130ndo-German \u0131rk\u0131na ait y\u00fczlerce boy ya\u015famaktayd\u0131. Ermeni ulusunun \u015fekillenmesi s\u00fcrecine kat\u0131lm\u0131\u015f \u0130ndo-German dil ailesine mensup boylardan en b\u00fcy\u00fckleri HAY ve ARMEN boylar\u0131yd\u0131. <!–[if !supportLists]–>\uf0b7 <!–[endif]–>HAYASSA Hitit devleti M.\u00d6. XVIII.-XII. y\u00fczy\u0131llarda K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck Asya\u2019da kurulmu\u015ftu. M.\u00d6. […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":15572,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[7,14],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-15571","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ermenilerin-tarihi","category-haberler"],"yoast_head":"\n2. Ermeni ulusunun do\u011fu\u015fu - Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/akunq.net\/turkish\/2012\/06\/02\/ermeni-ulusunun-dogusu\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"2. Ermeni ulusunun do\u011fu\u015fu - Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"M.\u00d6. III. ve II. biny\u0131llarda Ermeni Y\u00fcksek Platosu ve \u00d6n Asya: \u0130lk Ermeni devletl te\u015fekk\u00fclleri III. ve II. biny\u0131llarda Ermeni Platosu\u2019nda, \u0130ndo-German \u0131rk\u0131na ait y\u00fczlerce boy ya\u015famaktayd\u0131. Ermeni ulusunun \u015fekillenmesi s\u00fcrecine kat\u0131lm\u0131\u015f \u0130ndo-German dil ailesine mensup boylardan en b\u00fcy\u00fckleri HAY ve ARMEN boylar\u0131yd\u0131. <!–[if !supportLists]–>\uf0b7 <!–[endif]–>HAYASSA Hitit devleti M.\u00d6. XVIII.-XII. y\u00fczy\u0131llarda K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck Asya\u2019da kurulmu\u015ftu. M.\u00d6. 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