{"id":15345,"date":"2012-05-26T04:39:26","date_gmt":"2012-05-26T09:39:26","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=15345"},"modified":"2012-05-26T04:39:26","modified_gmt":"2012-05-26T09:39:26","slug":"97-yillik-nisan-huznu-krikor-zohrab-ve-adsiz-kurbanlar","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/turkish\/2012\/05\/26\/97-yillik-nisan-huznu-krikor-zohrab-ve-adsiz-kurbanlar\/","title":{"rendered":"97 y\u0131ll\u0131k Nisan h\u00fczn\u00fc, Krikor Zohrab ve ads\u0131z kurbanlar"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"<\/a>Ay<\/strong>\u015f<\/strong>e<\/strong> <\/strong>H<\/strong>\u00fc<\/strong>r<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u201cK\u0131\u015f g\u00fcnleri kara g\u00fcnler, k\u0131sa, gelir ge\u00e7erler\/Her \u015feyin bir sonu var, a\u011flama, sonsuz ne var?\/Y\u00fcre\u011finde korku var hala, \u00fcz\u00fclme ge\u00e7er\/Sular gibi ak\u0131p giden dertler ve gam, gelirler ge\u00e7erler\/\u0130hanet, takibat, sava\u015f, soygun ve yang\u0131n, f\u0131rt\u0131na gibi esip gider\/Ve d\u00fc\u015fman\u0131n bize verdi\u011fi t\u00fcm ac\u0131lar, gelirler, ge\u00e7erler\u2026\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n

Ar\u015fak \u00c7obanyan\u2019\u0131n derledi\u011fi, A\u015fu\u011f Civani\u2019ye ait bir E\u011fin t\u00fcrk\u00fcs\u00fcnden al\u0131nma bu s\u00f6zler. Evet, k\u0131\u015f geldi, ge\u00e7ti. Lale ve erguvan ay\u0131 olan Nisan\u2019day\u0131z. A\u011fa\u00e7lar\u0131n ye\u015fil yapraklarla donand\u0131\u011f\u0131 bu ay, umudun, canlanman\u0131n, hayata yeniden ba\u011flanman\u0131n ay\u0131. Halbuki Ermeni toplumu i\u00e7in Nisan ac\u0131l\u0131, h\u00fcz\u00fcnl\u00fc bir ay. Neredeyse bir as\u0131rd\u0131r bu b\u00f6yle. 1915\u2019te Ermeni toplumu sadece y\u00fcz binlerce evlad\u0131n\u0131 de\u011fil, Nisan sevincini de kaybetti. Her y\u0131l ben de y\u0131l\u0131n bu g\u00fcnlerine rastlayan yaz\u0131lar\u0131m\u0131 Ermeni Meselesi\u2019ne ay\u0131rarak ya da ay\u0131rmak zorunda hissederek, bu h\u00fczne katk\u0131da bulundu\u011fum i\u00e7in kendime k\u0131zm\u0131yor de\u011filim. Ama yapacak bir \u015fey yok. Tarihin esiriyiz\u2026<\/p>\n

Art\u0131k ezberlediniz, o me\u015fum 1915 y\u0131l\u0131nda, 23 Nisan\u2019\u0131 24 Nisan\u2019a ba\u011flayan gece \u0130stanbul\u2019da son derece geni\u015f tutuklamalar yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Resmi tarihe g\u00f6re tutuklananlar milliyet\u00e7i Ermeni komitac\u0131lard\u0131 ama bug\u00fcn biliyoruz ki, tutuklananlar\u0131n ezici \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011funu milletvekilleri, \u015fairler, yazarlar, gazeteciler, siyasi ve dini elitler olu\u015fturuyordu.<\/p>\n

Tehcirin tan\u0131klar\u0131ndan Alman Protestan Papaz\u0131 Lepsius\u2019a g\u00f6re 600,\u00a0 d\u00f6nemin ABD B\u00fcy\u00fckel\u00e7isi H. Morgenthau\u2019ya g\u00f6re 500, resm\u00ee tarih\u00e7i Yusuf Sar\u0131nay\u2019a g\u00f6re 235, gayri resm\u00ee tarih\u00e7i Taner Ak\u00e7am\u2019a g\u00f6re 180 ki\u015filik bu ilk kafile apar topar \u00c7ank\u0131r\u0131 ve Aya\u015f\u2019a do\u011fru yola \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Aya\u015f\u2019a g\u00f6nderilenler hemen \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc. \u00c7ank\u0131r\u0131\u2019ya gidenler biraz daha \u015fansl\u0131yd\u0131, baz\u0131lar\u0131 bir s\u00fcre \u00c7ank\u0131r\u0131\u2019da ya\u015fad\u0131ktan sonra \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc, baz\u0131lar\u0131 ise \u0130stanbul\u2019a d\u00f6nmeyi ba\u015fard\u0131lar.<\/p>\n

Meclis-i Mebusan \u00dcyesi avukat Krikor Zohrab ise bu ilk kafileyle de\u011fil daha sonra s\u00fcr\u00fclenlerdendi. 24 Nisan\u2019da \u0130stanbul\u2019da tutuklama haberini duyanlar \u0130stanbul Mebusu Krikor Zohrab\u2019\u0131n evine ko\u015fmu\u015flard\u0131. Zohrab Sadrazam Said Halim Pa\u015fa\u2019y\u0131 aram\u0131\u015f, ard\u0131ndan Tal\u00e2t Pa\u015fa\u2019ya bir mektup yazm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Ama s\u00fcrg\u00fcnleri durduramam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Durduramad\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi kendisi de s\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. Tutuklan\u0131\u015f hik\u00e2yesi gayet ilgin\u00e7ti. 2 Haziran \u00c7ar\u015famba gecesi Cadde-i Kebir\u2019deki (\u0130stiklal Caddesi) Cercle d\u2019Orient Kul\u00fcb\u00fc\u2019nde Tal\u00e2t Pa\u015fa ve Halil Bey\u2019le yemek yemi\u015f, ard\u0131ndan k\u00e2\u011f\u0131t oynam\u0131\u015f, Zohrab Efendi gitmek \u00fczere aya\u011fa kalkt\u0131\u011f\u0131nda Tal\u00e2t Pa\u015fa da kalkm\u0131\u015f ve Zohrab\u2019\u0131 yana\u011f\u0131ndan \u00f6pm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. \u015ea\u015f\u0131ran Zohrab \u201cBu iltifat neden?\u201d diye sormu\u015ftu. Tal\u00e2t Pa\u015fa da \u201c\u0130\u00e7imden geldi\u201d demi\u015fti. Zohrab, yayan olarak evine giderken kendisini takip eden bir polis taraf\u0131ndan tutuklanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Erzurum Mebusu Vartkes Sereng\u00fclyan\u2019la birlikte Zohrab\u2019\u0131 Diyarbak\u0131r Divan-\u0131 Harbi\u2019nde yarg\u0131lamak \u00fczere Haydarpa\u015fa\u2019dan trene bindirdiklerinde, kar\u0131s\u0131 Klara ile \u0130ttihat\u00e7\u0131 gazeteci H\u00fcseyin Cahit (Yal\u00e7\u0131n) Bey, Tal\u00e2t Pa\u015fa\u2019n\u0131n evine gitmi\u015flerdi. Tal\u00e2t Pa\u015fa Klara\u2019y\u0131 kay\u0131ts\u0131z bir \u015fekilde dinlemi\u015f ve \u201cSoru\u015fturma bitince d\u00f6necektir\u201d demekle yetinmi\u015fti. Ama Zohrab ve Sereng\u00fclyan d\u00f6nemeyeceklerdi.<\/p>\n

\u00c7erkez Ahmet\u2019in itiraflar\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0130ki arkada\u015f, zorlu yolculuklar\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda \u0130stanbul\u2019da pek \u00e7ok ki\u015fiye (\u015eeyh\u00fclislam \u00dcrg\u00fcpl\u00fc Hayri Bey\u2019e, Dahiliye Naz\u0131r\u0131 Tal\u00e2t Pa\u015fa\u2019ya, \u0130TC\u2019nin Merkez Komitesi \u00fcyesi Halil Bey\u2019e, eski Adliye Naz\u0131r\u0131 Necmettin Molla\u2019ya, Almanya B\u00fcy\u00fckel\u00e7isi Wangenheim\u2019a, \u0130TC\u2019nin \u00f6nde gelenlerinden Dr. Naz\u0131m\u2019a) mektup yazarak geri d\u00f6nmelerine yard\u0131m etmeleri i\u00e7in ricada bulunmu\u015ftu. Ama hi\u00e7birinden cevap alamam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Ermeni komitac\u0131lar\u0131n ve baz\u0131 T\u00fcrk dostlar\u0131n\u0131n (\u00f6rne\u011fin Bekir Sami Bey\u2019in) ka\u00e7malar\u0131n\u0131 tavsiye etmelerine de kulaklar\u0131n\u0131 t\u0131kam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. H\u00e2l\u00e2 i\u015fin vahametinin fark\u0131nda de\u011fillerdi. Zohrab ve Sereng\u00fclyan, 18, 19 veya 20 Temmuz\u2019da Urfa yak\u0131nlar\u0131nda, Te\u015fkilat-\u0131 Mahsusa mensubu \u00c7erkez nam\u0131yla maruf Binba\u015f\u0131 Ahmed taraf\u0131ndan \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fcler.<\/p>\n

Cinayetin nas\u0131l i\u015flendi\u011fini, \u00c7erkez Ahmed\u2019le tutuklu iken g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fen yazar Ahmed Refik (Alt\u0131nay) \u015f\u00f6yle anlatm\u0131\u015ft\u0131: \u201c\u00c7erkez Ahmed, Ermeni fecayii (facias\u0131) i\u00e7in m\u00fchim bir vesika idi. Bu kanl\u0131 hadisenin safahat\u0131n\u0131 bizzat failinden dinlemek istedim. \u00c7erkez Ahmed\u2019e Vilayet-i \u015earkiye\u2019de neler yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 sordum. \u00c7izmeli ayaklar\u0131n\u0131 birbirinin \u00fcst\u00fcne att\u0131, cigaras\u0131n\u0131n dumanlar\u0131n\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131na savurdu: \u2018Bey birader\u2019, dedi, \u2018\u015fu hal namusuma dokunuyor. Ben vatan\u0131ma hizmet ettim. Gidin, g\u00f6r\u00fcn, Van ve havalisini K\u00e2be topra\u011f\u0131na d\u00f6nd\u00fcrd\u00fcm. Bug\u00fcn orada bir tek Ermeniye tesad\u00fcf edemezsiniz. Vatana bu kadar hizmet ettim: sonra o Tal\u00e2t gibi hergeleler \u0130stanbul\u2019da buzlu bira i\u00e7sinler, beni b\u00f6yle tahte\u2019l-h\u0131fz (muhafaza alt\u0131nda) getirtsinler, yok bu haysiyetime dokunuyor!\u2019\u2026 \u00c7erkez Ahmed\u2019den daha fazla malumat almak istiyordum: Peki, bu Z\u00f6hrab filan ne oldular? \u2018duymad\u0131n\u0131z m\u0131? Hepsini geberttim.\u2019 Cigaras\u0131n\u0131n dumanlar\u0131n\u0131 havaya do\u011fru savurdu, sol eliyle b\u0131y\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fczelterek s\u00f6z\u00fcne devam etti: \u2018Halep\u2019ten \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015flard\u0131. Yolda rast geldik, derhal arabalar\u0131n\u0131 ku\u015fatt\u0131m. Gebereceklerini anlad\u0131lar. Vartakes dedi ki: Peki Ahmed Bey bize bunu yap\u0131yorsunuz, fakat Araplara ne yapacaks\u0131n\u0131z? Sizden onlar da memnun de\u011filler. O senin bilece\u011fin i\u015f de\u011fil kerata dedim, bir mavzer kur\u015funu ile beynini patlatt\u0131m. Sonra Z\u00f6hrab\u2019\u0131 yakalad\u0131m. Aya\u011f\u0131m\u0131n alt\u0131na ald\u0131m. Koca bir ta\u015fla kafas\u0131n\u0131 ezdim, ezdim, geberinceye kadar ezdim.\u2019\u201d<\/p>\n

\u00c7antadan \u00e7\u0131kan m\u00fccevherler<\/strong><\/p>\n

Meclis-i Mebusan\u2019\u0131n sayg\u0131n ve renkli \u00fcyelerinden olan Zohrab\u2019\u0131n b\u00f6yle vah\u015fice \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclmesi \u0130stanbul\u2019da b\u00fcy\u00fck tepki yarat\u0131nca, Tal\u00e2t Pa\u015fa bir soru\u015fturma a\u00e7mak zorunda kald\u0131. Cemal Pa\u015fa\u2019ya 28 Eyl\u00fcl 1915\u2019te \u201c\u2026herhalde ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekir. Sonradan \u00e7ok zararl\u0131 olacakt\u0131r\u2026\u201d diye yazm\u0131\u015f, Cemal Pa\u015fa \u201c\u00c7erkez Ahmed\u2019in idam\u0131na h\u00fckmolundu. Yar\u0131n sabah \u015eam\u2019da gere\u011fi yap\u0131lacakt\u0131r\u201d diye cevaplam\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n

\u00c7erkez Ahmed \u015eam\u2019daki Divan-\u0131 Harp\u2019te yarg\u0131land\u0131 ve idam edildi. Ancak idam\u0131n nedeni \u00c7erkez Ahmed\u2019in Zohrab\u2019a yapt\u0131klar\u0131 de\u011fil, tehcir kafilelerinden ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 mallar\u0131 ve de\u011ferli e\u015fyalar\u0131 devlet g\u00f6revlilerine teslim etmek yerine el koymas\u0131yd\u0131. Tal\u00e2t Pa\u015fa bir s\u00fcredir uygun bir bahane bulup \u00c7erkez Ahmed\u2019den kurtulmak istiyordu. Nitekim IV. Ordu Kumandan\u0131 Cemal Pa\u015fa\u2019n\u0131n Emir Subay\u0131 Falih R\u0131fk\u0131 (Atay) Suriye an\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 toplad\u0131\u011f\u0131 Zeytinda\u011f\u0131 adl\u0131 kitab\u0131nda \u201c\u00c7erkez Ahmed ve Naz\u0131m\u2019\u0131n e\u015fyalar\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 zaman \u00e7antalar\u0131nda kad\u0131n y\u00fcz\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, bilezik, k\u00fcpe ve m\u00fccevher buldular (\u2026) bu iki serserinin bir ideal i\u00e7in fedak\u00e2rl\u0131k de\u011fil, zengin olmak i\u00e7in cinayet yapm\u0131\u015f olduklar\u0131 belli idi\u201d diye yazm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. \u0130dam\u0131n bir ba\u015fka \u015fahidi olan IV. Ordu Kurmay Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Ali Fuad (Erden) de hat\u0131ralar\u0131nda \u201c\u00c7etecilerin \u015fahsi e\u015fyalar\u0131 aras\u0131nda kan lekeli be\u015fibirlik alt\u0131nlar bulunmu\u015ftu\u201d diye not d\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. Ger\u00e7ekten de 20 Temmuz\u2019da Zohrab\u2019\u0131n alt\u0131n saati ve y\u00fcz\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ile kanl\u0131 \u00e7antas\u0131 Urfa pazar\u0131nda sat\u0131\u015fa \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n

1915\u2019te \u0130stanbul\u2019da ba\u015fka neler oldu?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Resmi tarih\u00e7ilerin, 1915-1917 Ermeni Tehciri\u2019nin bir \u2018soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u2019 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kan\u0131tlamak i\u00e7in ileri s\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc tezlerden biri, 24 Nisan\u2019da kafilesi d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda \u0130stanbul (ve \u0130zmir) Ermenilerinin tehcire tabi tutulmad\u0131\u011f\u0131d\u0131r. Halbuki bu iki iddia da do\u011fru de\u011fildir. Yer darl\u0131\u011f\u0131 y\u00fcz\u00fcnden sadece \u0130stanbul\u2019la ilgili bilgileri, Taner Ak\u00e7am\u2019\u0131n Ermeni Meselesi Hallolunmu\u015ftur (\u0130leti\u015fim, 2008) adl\u0131 eserinden aktarmak istiyorum.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ermeni kaynaklar\u0131 ne diyor?<\/strong><\/p>\n

1913-1922 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda \u0130stanbul Ermeni Patrikli\u011fi g\u00f6revini y\u00fcr\u00fcten Zaven der Yeghiayan\u2019\u0131n an\u0131lar\u0131nda \u0130stanbul s\u00fcrg\u00fcn\u00fcn\u00fcn esas olarak Almanlar\u0131n bask\u0131s\u0131 sonucu engellendi\u011fini, hatta bu konuda Ocak-\u015eubat 1916 aylar\u0131nda Alman parlamentosundan \u0130stanbul’a gelen bir heyetin etkisinin b\u00fcy\u00fck oldu\u011funu ve bir anla\u015fman\u0131n dahi yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yler.<\/p>\n

Arnold Toynbee taraf\u0131ndan 1916 y\u0131l\u0131nda yay\u0131mlanan Mavi Kitap\u2019ta Patrik Zaven\u2019in 15 A\u011fustos 1915 tarihli bir mektubu yer al\u0131r. Patrik \u015f\u00f6yle yazar: \u201c… \u015eimdi s\u0131ra \u0130stanbul’da. Zaten insanlar panik halinde k\u00f6t\u00fc kaderlerinin her an kendilerini bulmas\u0131n\u0131 bekliyorlar. Say\u0131s\u0131z ki\u015fi tutukland\u0131 ve hemen \u0130stanbul d\u0131\u015f\u0131na \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131ld\u0131. \u00c7o\u011fu mutlaka \u00f6lecek. \u015eu ana kadar s\u00fcr\u00fclenler, ta\u015fra do\u011fumlu ama \u0130stanbul\u2019da ikamet eden t\u00fcccarlar… ne pahas\u0131na olursa olsun \u0130stanbul\u2019daki Ermenilerin bu korkun\u00e7 k\u0131y\u0131mdan kurtulmas\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00e7abal\u0131yoruz.\u201d<\/p>\n

Ta\u015fnak Partisi\u2019nin Balkan B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc taraf\u0131ndan 28 Ekim 1915\u2019te kaleme al\u0131nan ba\u015fka bir mektupta \u015fu bilgiler yer al\u0131r: \u201c\u0130stanbul’dan s\u00fcr\u00fclen binlerce zavall\u0131 Ermeni, ayakkab\u0131lar\u0131 da dahil neleri var neleri yoksa hepsini jandarmalara verdikten sonra, \u0130zmit\u2019ten Konya\u2019ya do\u011fru y\u00fcr\u00fcmeye zorlanm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. Trenle yolculuk edecek kadar paras\u0131 olanlar da jandarmalar taraf\u0131ndan kand\u0131r\u0131larak b\u00fct\u00fcn paralar\u0131 al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.\u201d<\/p>\n

Bat\u0131l\u0131 kaynaklar ne diyor?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Konya\u2019da bulunan Amerikan misyoneri, William S. Dodd bu bilgilerin do\u011frulu\u011funu g\u00f6steren \u015fu bilgileri aktar\u0131r: \u201cBir di\u011fer s\u00fcrg\u00fcn y\u00f6ntemi, yaya y\u00fcr\u00fctmek idi ve geni\u015f olarak \u0130stanbul’dan s\u00fcrg\u00fcn edilen erkeklere uyguland\u0131 ki bunlar, aileleri [Anadolu’nun] i\u00e7 k\u00f6y ve kasabalar\u0131nda ya\u015fayan, \u0130stanbul’da ailesiz olarak \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmakta olan ki\u015filerdi. T\u00fcrk h\u00fck\u00fcmeti \u0130stanbul’dan hi\u00e7 Ermeni s\u00fcrmediklerinin biteviye propagandas\u0131n\u0131 yaparken, [\u0130stanbul’da] ailelerinin ge\u00e7imini sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan binlerce insan\u0131 tutuklay\u0131p s\u00fcr\u00fcyordu.\u201d<\/p>\n

\u0130stanbul’dan geni\u015f \u00e7apl\u0131 s\u00fcrg\u00fcnler yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131na dair haberler Alman belgelerinde de yer al\u0131r. 5 Aral\u0131k 1915 tarihinde, Alman D\u0131\u015fi\u015fleri Bakan Sekreteri Jagov, \u0130stanbul B\u00fcy\u00fckel\u00e7isi Metternich\u2019e Ermeni Sofya Ta\u015fnak Komitesi\u2019nden ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir haberi aktar\u0131r. Habere g\u00f6re, \u201cT\u00fcrk h\u00fck\u00fcmeti daha \u00f6nce verdi\u011fi s\u00f6zlerin aksine, \u0130stanbul’dan da Ermenilerin s\u00fcrg\u00fcn\u00fcne ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. G\u00fcya \u015fu ana kadar 10.000 ki\u015fi s\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f ve bunlar\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck bir k\u0131sm\u0131 \u0130zmit da\u011fl\u0131klar\u0131nda \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. 70.000 ki\u015fiyi kapsayan bir liste haz\u0131rlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.\u201d<\/p>\n

7 Aral\u0131k 1915 tarihinde bu telgrafa cevap yazan Metternich, \u0130stanbul\u2019dan s\u00fcr\u00fclen Ermeni say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131, \u0130stanbul Emniyet M\u00fcd\u00fcr\u00fc\u2019n\u00fcn ifadesine dayanarak 30.000 olarak verir: \u201cG\u00fcvenilir kaynaklardan edindi\u011fim ve gizli tutulmas\u0131n\u0131 rica edece\u011fim bilgiye g\u00f6re, ge\u00e7ti\u011fimiz yaz aylar\u0131nda tehcir edilen 30.000 ve ka\u00e7an 30.000 Ermeni\u2019den sonra, b\u00f6lge emniyet amirinin ifadesiyle, \u0130stanbul\u2019dan 4.000 Ermeni Anadolu\u2019ya s\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr ve halen \u0130stanbul’da ya\u015fayan 80.000 Ermeni\u2019nin de peyderpey tahliye edilmesi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclmektedir. Bunun durdurulmas\u0131 isteniyorsa, \u00e7ok sert ara\u00e7lara ba\u015fvurulmas\u0131 gerekir.\u201d<\/p>\n

\u0130stanbul’dan s\u00fcrg\u00fcnlerin belli kriterlere g\u00f6re yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 yabanc\u0131 g\u00f6zlemcilerin de dikkatini \u00e7ekmi\u015ftir. Alman K\u00f6lnische Zeitung gazetesi muhabiri Ernst von Nahmer, 5 ve 6 Eyl\u00fcl 1915 tarihlerinde \u201c\u00e7ok gizli\u201d ibaresi ile yollad\u0131\u011f\u0131 iki ayr\u0131 raporda, Ermenilerin \u0130stanbul\u2019dan sistematik bir bi\u00e7imde uzakla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 aktar\u0131r. \u201c\u00d6nce (Sivas ve do\u011fusu Anadolu vil\u00e2yetlerinden olduklar\u0131 tahmin edilen) bek\u00e2r erkekler; daha sonra do\u011fum yerleri Ermeni vil\u00e2yetleri olan t\u00fcm evli veya bek\u00e2r erkekler… \u015fimdiye kadar 200 erkek ve 50 aile s\u00fcrg\u00fcn edildi.\u201d Gazeteci, H\u00fck\u00fcmete yak\u0131n Almanlardan \u0130stanbul\u2019daki b\u00fcy\u00fckel\u00e7iliklerin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 nedeniyle b\u00f6yle davran\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, Anadolu\u2019daki Ermenilerin s\u00fcr\u00fclmesi bitince s\u0131ran\u0131n \u0130stanbul\u2019a gelece\u011fini duydu\u011funu da aktar\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Serdar Din\u00e7er\u2019in Alman Belgelerinde Alman-T\u00fcrk Silah Arkada\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve Ermeniler (\u0130leti\u015fim 2011) kitab\u0131nda yer alan Alman gazeteci Harry St\u00fcrmer\u2019in 1917\u2019de Lozan\u2019da yay\u0131mlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 Zwei Kriegsjahre in Konstantinopel adl\u0131 bro\u015f\u00fcrdeki \u015fu ifadeler ise tabloyu biraz daha tamaml\u0131yor: \u201c1916\u2019da bir yaz g\u00fcn\u00fc \u00f6\u011fleye do\u011fru e\u015fim al\u0131\u015fveri\u015f i\u00e7in yaln\u0131z ba\u015f\u0131na Grand Rue de Pera\u2019ya gitmi\u015fti. Biz Galatasaray\u2019dan birka\u00e7 ad\u0131m ilerde oturuyorduk ve balkondan her g\u00fcn bahts\u0131z Ermeni s\u00fcrg\u00fcn gruplar\u0131n\u0131n jandarma kontrol\u00fcnde polis karakoluna girdiklerini g\u00f6rme imkan\u0131m\u0131z vard\u0131. \u0130nsan sonunda b\u00f6ylesi ac\u0131 verici manzaralara kar\u015f\u0131 da duyars\u0131zla\u015f\u0131yor ve buradaki tek tek insan yazg\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 de\u011fil de sadece politik yan\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcr oluyor. Bu kez gen\u00e7 kar\u0131m birka\u00e7 dakika sonra eve geldi. B\u00fct\u00fcn v\u00fccudu tir tir titriyordu. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc yoluna devam edememi\u015fti. Karakol\u2019un yan\u0131ndan ge\u00e7erken a\u00e7\u0131k b\u0131rak\u0131lm\u0131\u015f bir pencereden, i\u015fkence g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015f birinin s\u0131zlanan, sanki yar\u0131 \u00f6l\u00fc hale gelene dek d\u00f6v\u00fcl\u00fcp agoniye kaym\u0131\u015f bir hayvan\u0131 and\u0131ran bo\u011fuk iniltilerini duymu\u015ftu. Kap\u0131da duranlardan biri kar\u0131ma \u2018bir Ermeni\u2019 diye bilgi vermi\u015fti. Sonra insan toplulu\u011fu polis taraf\u0131ndan kovalanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. E\u015fim bana \u015fu soruyu sordu: \u2018E\u011fer Avrupa \u015fehri Pera\u2019n\u0131n en canl\u0131 yerinde g\u00fcpeg\u00fcnd\u00fcz, \u00f6\u011fle vakti b\u00f6ylesi manzaralar oluyorsa, o zaman medeniyetten uzak i\u00e7erlerdeki Ermenilere acaba neler yap\u0131yorlar? E\u011fer T\u00fcrkler burada, ba\u015fkentte, ana caddede y\u00fcr\u00fcyen bir kad\u0131n\u0131 sinir \u015fokuna d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrecek kadar yabani hayvanlar gibi davranabiliyorlarsa, o zaman ben b\u00f6ylesi korkun\u00e7 bir \u00fclkede ya\u015fayamam!\u201d<\/p>\n

Osmanl\u0131 kaynaklar\u0131 ne diyor?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Tekrar Taner Ak\u00e7am\u2019\u0131n verdi\u011fi bilgilere d\u00f6nelim. Dahiliye Nezareti\u2019nden \u00e7e\u015fitli illere g\u00f6nderilen telgraflardan Ermenilerin \u0130stanbul\u2019dan s\u00fcrg\u00fcnlerine y\u00f6nelik ba\u015fka ayr\u0131nt\u0131lar elde etmek m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. Bunlar\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131nda s\u00fcrg\u00fcnlerin belli kriterlere g\u00f6re yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve esas olarak Der Zor b\u00f6lgesine g\u00f6nderildikleri olgusu gelir. Belgeler, \u0130stanbul’dan s\u00fcrg\u00fcnlerin d\u00f6rt kritere g\u00f6re yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6stermektedir. Bunlar, do\u011fum yerleri \u0130stanbul d\u0131\u015f\u0131 \u2013ta\u015fral\u0131- olanlar, bek\u00e2rlar, i\u015fsizler ve \u00e7e\u015fitli \u00f6rg\u00fctlere \u00fcye olanlard\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Tehcir s\u0131ras\u0131nda Konya\u2019da valilik yapan ve tehciri engelledi\u011fi i\u00e7in Ekim 1915\u2019te g\u00f6revden al\u0131nan Celal Bey de an\u0131lar\u0131nda \u0130stanbul’dan s\u00fcrg\u00fcnler yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 yazar ve s\u00fcrg\u00fcn edilenlerin say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 \u201cbinlerce\u201d ile ifade eder; \u201cHaydarpa\u015fa’dan gelen trenler her g\u00fcn binlerce Ermeni getiriyor, Konya istasyonuna y\u0131\u011f\u0131yordu. Bunlar\u0131n daha ileri sevki i\u00e7in m\u00fctemadiyen \u0130stanbul’dan emir tebli\u011f ediliyordu. Ve ben vagon verilmedik\u00e7e sevkiyat\u0131n m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olamayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yleyerek itiraz ediyordum.\u201d<\/p>\n

1918\u2019de Mondros M\u00fctarekesi imzaland\u0131ktan sonra, \u0130tilaf Devletleri\u2019nin zorlamas\u0131yla faaliyete ge\u00e7en \u0130stanbul Divan-\u0131 Harb-i \u00d6rfi davalardan birisi bek\u00e2r erkeklerin \u0130stanbul’dan s\u00fcr\u00fclmelerine ili\u015fkindir. Hidayet Efendi adl\u0131 bir polis memuru aleyhine a\u00e7\u0131lan davada san\u0131\u011f\u0131n, “\u00dcsk\u00fcdar civar\u0131ndan bek\u00e2r Ermenilerin tehcirine sebebiyet vermek ve evlerine girerek baz\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n mallar\u0131n\u0131 gasp etmek” su\u00e7undan cezaland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 istenmektedir.<\/p>\n

G\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc gibi g\u00fcn \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131na \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lacak daha \u00e7ok belge, bilgi, hik\u00e2ye var. Ne yaz\u0131k ki, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019deki inkar cephesinin geni\u015fli\u011fini, derinli\u011fini, kavili\u011fini g\u00f6rd\u00fck\u00e7e, yaz\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131nda \u015fiirini verdi\u011fim A\u015f\u0131k Civanyan gibi umutlu olam\u0131yorum. \u00d6n\u00fcm\u00fczdeki Nisan\u2019a kadar bir arpa boyu yol al\u0131rsak ne mutlu bize.<\/p>\n

hurayse@hotmail.com <\/em><\/strong><\/a><\/em><\/p>\n

http:\/\/www.agos.com.tr\/97-yillik-nisan-huznu-krikor-zohrab-ve-adsiz-kurbanlar-1290.html<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Ay\u015fe H\u00fcr \u00a0\u201cK\u0131\u015f g\u00fcnleri kara g\u00fcnler, k\u0131sa, gelir ge\u00e7erler\/Her \u015feyin bir sonu var, a\u011flama, sonsuz ne var?\/Y\u00fcre\u011finde korku var hala, \u00fcz\u00fclme ge\u00e7er\/Sular gibi ak\u0131p giden dertler ve gam, gelirler ge\u00e7erler\/\u0130hanet, takibat, sava\u015f, soygun ve yang\u0131n, f\u0131rt\u0131na gibi esip gider\/Ve d\u00fc\u015fman\u0131n bize verdi\u011fi t\u00fcm ac\u0131lar, gelirler, ge\u00e7erler\u2026\u201d Ar\u015fak \u00c7obanyan\u2019\u0131n derledi\u011fi, A\u015fu\u011f Civani\u2019ye ait bir E\u011fin t\u00fcrk\u00fcs\u00fcnden […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":15346,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6,14,26],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-15345","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ermeni-soykirimi","category-haberler","category-makaleler"],"yoast_head":"\n97 y\u0131ll\u0131k Nisan h\u00fczn\u00fc, Krikor Zohrab ve ads\u0131z kurbanlar - 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