{"id":14676,"date":"2012-04-28T02:44:34","date_gmt":"2012-04-28T07:44:34","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=14676"},"modified":"2012-04-28T02:44:34","modified_gmt":"2012-04-28T07:44:34","slug":"malta-surgunlerini-nasil-bilirsiniz","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/turkish\/2012\/04\/28\/malta-surgunlerini-nasil-bilirsiniz\/","title":{"rendered":"Malta S\u00fcrg\u00fcnleri\u2019ni nas\u0131l bilirsiniz"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"<\/a>Ay\u015fe H\u00fcr<\/a><\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n

CHP Genel Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Deniz Baykal, Balyoz Darbe Plan\u0131 ile ilgili g\u00f6zalt\u0131 operasyonlar\u0131n\u0131 Malta S\u00fcrg\u00fcnleri\u2019ne benzetti. Do\u011frusu, resm\u00ee tarihin rahle-i tedrisinden ge\u00e7mi\u015f ku\u015faklar i\u00e7in iyi bir benzetme. Ama resm\u00ee tarihin arka y\u00fcz\u00fcn\u00fc bilen biri i\u00e7in utan\u00e7 verici bir benzetme. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc Malta\u2019ya s\u00fcr\u00fclen ki\u015filerin \u00e7o\u011fu 1915 Ermeni Tehciri\u2019nde bug\u00fcn soyk\u0131r\u0131m diye nitelenen su\u00e7lar\u0131 i\u015flemi\u015f ki\u015filerdi ve Malta\u2019dan yarg\u0131lanmadan d\u00f6nmelerinin karma\u015f\u0131k nedenleri vard\u0131. Ancak Baykal bir benzerlik var diyorsa vard\u0131r. Anla\u015f\u0131lan Onur \u00d6ymen\u2019in Dersim konu\u015fmas\u0131nda oldu\u011fu gibi Baykal\u2019\u0131n da \u0130ttihat\u00e7\u0131 bilin\u00e7alt\u0131 hortlad\u0131. Belki de b\u00f6yle pervas\u0131zca Malta konusunu a\u00e7arak hem 4 Mart 2010 tarihinde ABD Temsilciler Meclisi D\u0131\u015f \u0130li\u015fkiler Komitesi\u2019nde yap\u0131lacak Ermeni Soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131\u2019n\u0131 tan\u0131ma oylamas\u0131n\u0131n arifesinde kurbanlar\u0131n soyundan gelenlerin yaras\u0131n\u0131 bir kez daha kan\u0131rtmay\u0131 hem de ortaya \u00e7\u0131kacak gerilimle AKP\u2019yi k\u00f6\u015feye s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmay\u0131 ama\u00e7l\u0131yor. Bu arada, Dersim konusunda hakl\u0131 olarak k\u0131yamet koparanlar\u0131n Malta pi\u015fkinli\u011fi kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda suskun kalmalar\u0131 da d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fc. Galiba bu \u00fclkede \u2018herkes kendine M\u00fcsl\u00fcman\u2019.<\/p>\n

\u0130tilaf Devletleri bast\u0131r\u0131yor<\/strong><\/p>\n

Gelelim Baykal\u2019\u0131n \u2018\u015ferefli\u2019 Malta S\u00fcrg\u00fcnlerine; Birinci D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131\u2019n\u0131 ma\u011flup olarak bitiren Osmanl\u0131 Devleti\u2019nin 30 Ekim 1918\u2019de Mondros M\u00fctarekesi\u2019ni imzalamas\u0131ndan sonra \u0130tilaf Devletleri\u2019nin en \u00f6nemli meselesi Birinci D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131 ve 1915 Tehciri su\u00e7lular\u0131n\u0131 mahkemeye \u00e7\u0131karmakt\u0131. Bunu sadece \u0130tilaf G\u00fc\u00e7leri de\u011fil Saray \u00e7evresi ile H\u00fcrriyet ve \u0130tilaf \u00e7evreleri de istiyordu. 1919 \u015fubat\u0131nda \u0130ngiliz D\u0131\u015fi\u015fleri Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n \u0130stanbul\u2019daki temsilcisi, Ermeni Patrikhanesi\u2019nin de yard\u0131m\u0131yla olu\u015fturdu\u011fu listedeki sava\u015f ve tehcir su\u00e7lular\u0131n\u0131n \u0130ngilizlere teslimini resmen talep etti. H\u00fck\u00fcmet bask\u0131lara dayanamad\u0131 ve 1919 ocak sonu itibariyle 112 zanl\u0131 d\u00f6nemin \u00fcnl\u00fc hapishanesi Bekir A\u011fa Ko\u011fu\u015fu\u2019na konuldular.<\/p>\n

Yarg\u0131lamalar ba\u015fl\u0131yor<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n

Meclis-i Mebusan\u2019\u0131n Be\u015finci \u015eubesi taraf\u0131ndan y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen soru\u015fturmalar sonunda, \u201c1 milyon Ermeni ile 550 bin Rum\u2019un \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, gayr\u0131 M\u00fcslim az\u0131nl\u0131klardan olu\u015fturulan Amele Taburlar\u0131\u2019nda ise 250 bin ki\u015fi a\u00e7l\u0131k ve yoksulluktan \u00f6ld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc\u201d gerek\u00e7esiyle, sava\u015f ve Tehcir su\u00e7lular\u0131n\u0131n Divan-\u0131 Harb-i \u00d6rfilerde yarg\u0131lanmas\u0131na 5 \u015eubat 1919\u2019da ba\u015fland\u0131. \u0130lk ceza, Bo\u011fazl\u0131yan Kaymakam\u0131 (daha sonra Yozgat mutasarr\u0131f vekili) Kemal Bey\u2019e verildi. Kemal Bey\u2019in 10 Nisan 1919\u2019da idam edilmesi, \u0130stanbul\u2019da b\u00fcy\u00fck bir \u0130ttihat\u00e7\u0131 g\u00f6sterisine neden oldu. G\u00f6sterinin \u015fiddeti h\u00fck\u00fcmetin kararl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 etkiledi. 15 May\u0131s 1919\u2019da \u0130zmir Yunanl\u0131lar taraf\u0131ndan i\u015fgal edilince, psikolojik ibre tamamen \u0130ttihat\u00e7\u0131lardan yana d\u00f6nd\u00fc. Damat Ferit kabinesi, halk\u0131 yat\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmak i\u00e7in Bekir A\u011fa B\u00f6l\u00fc\u011f\u00fc\u2019nde tutuklu bulunan 41 tutukluyu serbest b\u0131rakt\u0131. Gerek serbest b\u0131rakmalardan gerekse g\u00f6sterilerden dolay\u0131 tela\u015flanan \u0130ngilizler, Damat Ferit Pa\u015fa\u2019n\u0131n \u00f6nerisi \u00fczerine 28 May\u0131s 1919\u2019da Bekir A\u011fa B\u00f6l\u00fc\u011f\u00fc\u2019ndeki 67 tutukluyu \u0130ngilizlerin g\u00f6zetimine ald\u0131lar, eyl\u00fcl ay\u0131n\u0131n ortalar\u0131nda bunlardan 12\u2019sini Mondros\u2019a, geri kalan\u0131n\u0131 da Malta\u2019ya g\u00f6t\u00fcrd\u00fcler. <\/strong><\/p>\n

Ankara-\u0130stanbul \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmas\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n

Bu i\u015f yap\u0131l\u0131rken \u0130ngilizler liste olu\u015fturmaya devam ediyorlard\u0131. Ocak 1920\u2019de Y\u00fcksek Komiser\u2019in sundu\u011fu listedeki 173 ki\u015fiden 80\u2019i 16 Mart 1920\u2019de \u0130stanbul\u2019un \u0130tilaf Devletleri taraf\u0131ndan \u2018resmen\u2019 i\u015fgalinden sonra \u0130ngilizler taraf\u0131ndan tutukland\u0131. Bu ki\u015filer aras\u0131nda Ankara\u2019n\u0131n adamlar\u0131 da vard\u0131.<\/p>\n

\u0130stanbul\u2019daki Divan-\u0131 Harb-i \u00d6rfi Mahkemesi\u2019nin Mustafa Kemal i\u00e7in idam cezas\u0131 vermesi (o tarihe kadar Milli M\u00fccadele kadrolar\u0131 i\u00e7in verilen idam cezalar\u0131n\u0131n say\u0131s\u0131 100\u2019e ula\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131) Ankara\u2019n\u0131n tavr\u0131n\u0131n sertle\u015fmesine neden oldu. 11 a\u011fustosta Ankara h\u00fck\u00fcmeti, \u2018tehcir vesaire\u2019 dolay\u0131s\u0131yla \u0130stanbul h\u00fck\u00fcmetince kurulan Divan-\u0131 Harb-i \u00d6rfi\u2019yi la\u011fvetti\u011fini ilan etti. Mustafa Kemal, 12 a\u011fustosta tehcir su\u00e7lamas\u0131yla \u2018vatan evlatlar\u0131\u2019 idam edilecek olursa, \u0130ngiliz Yarbay\u0131 Rawlinson\u2019u ve di\u011fer \u0130ngiliz esirleri asaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131. Rawlinson Do\u011fu Anadolu ve Kafkaslarda M\u00fctareke\u2019nin uygulanmas\u0131yla g\u00f6revliydi ve Erzurum\u2019da bulunuyordu. Malta\u2019dakilere kar\u015f\u0131 rehin olarak bizzat Kaz\u0131m Karabekir taraf\u0131ndan tutuklanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Tehditler yerini bulmu\u015f olmal\u0131yd\u0131 ki bu tarihten sonra \u0130stanbul\u2019da yeni tutuklamalar olmad\u0131, Divan-\u0131 Harb\u2019de de yeni bir idam karar\u0131 verilmedi. 17 Ekim 1920\u2019de Damat Ferit Pa\u015fa H\u00fck\u00fcmeti\u2019nin istifas\u0131 \u0130ngilizlerin elini iyice zay\u0131flatt\u0131. <\/strong><\/p>\n

Kolektif su\u00e7, kolektif fail<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0130ngilizler Malta\u2019dakileri yarg\u0131lasalar bile cezalar\u0131 yerine getirmelerinin m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kavram\u0131\u015flard\u0131. \u00d6ncelikle \u0130TC, 1915 Ermeni Tehciri\u2019ni ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirirken, hem geni\u015f halk kesimlerini hem de Osmanl\u0131 Devleti\u2019nin siyasi, idari ve asker\u00ee kadrolar\u0131n\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 su\u00e7a kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Yani ortada kolektif olarak i\u015flenmi\u015f bir su\u00e7 vard\u0131. Yine de Malta\u2019da g\u00f6zalt\u0131na al\u0131nanlar\u0131 bireysel su\u00e7lar\u0131ndan dolay\u0131 yarg\u0131lamak m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fc ancak bunun i\u00e7in T\u00fcrk taraf\u0131n\u0131n yo\u011fun i\u015fbirli\u011fi gerekiyordu. Halbuki ne \u0130ngilizlerde onlar\u0131 zorlayacak enerji ve istek, ne de T\u00fcrk taraf\u0131nda yard\u0131m niyeti vard\u0131.<\/p>\n

Temmuz 1920\u2019de \u0130stanbul Y\u00fcksek Komiserli\u011fi\u2019nde g\u00f6revli memur Harry H. Lamb su\u00e7 kan\u0131t\u0131 belge bulman\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcndeki zorluklar\u0131 \u015f\u00f6yle \u00f6zetlemi\u015fti raporunda: 1) Merkezi h\u00fck\u00fcmet veya valilik yetkilileri taraf\u0131ndan bu konuda \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lan emir veya talimatlarla ilgili herhangi bir T\u00fcrk dok\u00fcman\u0131 sa\u011flamak imk\u00e2ns\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131, 2) M\u00fcttefik h\u00fck\u00fcmetlerin katliam zanl\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n yarg\u0131lanmalar\u0131na kat\u0131lmakta duraksamalar\u0131, 3) Ortado\u011fu\u2019daki yetkililerin tam bir kay\u0131ts\u0131zl\u0131k i\u00e7inde olmalar\u0131, 4) Vilayetlerde yeti\u015fkin erkek Ermeni n\u00fcfusun b\u00fcy\u00fck k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131n ve neredeyse b\u00fct\u00fcn entelekt\u00fcellerin katledilmi\u015f olmas\u0131, 5) Ortaya \u00e7\u0131k\u0131p kan\u0131t sunabilecek ki\u015filerin cezaland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 inlemek i\u00e7in gerekli kamu g\u00fcvenli\u011finin olmamas\u0131 ve M\u00fcttefiklerin bu konudaki niyetlerine g\u00fcven duyulmamas\u0131, 6) Malta\u2019daki tutuklular\u0131n sonunda sal\u0131verilece\u011fine dair belirtiler. (FO 371\/6500, w.2178, appendix A (dosya 385-118, 386-119)<\/p>\n

\u0130ngilizler son bir hamle ile ABD\u2019ye ba\u015fvurdular \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc onlar\u0131n ellerinde \u00f6nemli bir ar\u015fiv vard\u0131, ancak oradan da olumsuz yan\u0131t geldi. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc Amerikal\u0131lar\u0131n da Kemalist g\u00fc\u00e7lerle \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmaya niyeti yoktu. Kan\u0131t yoklu\u011funun yan\u0131 s\u0131ra Sevr Antla\u015fmas\u0131\u2019n\u0131n uygulamaya sokulmamas\u0131 da T\u00fcrk taraf\u0131na bask\u0131 yapma olana\u011f\u0131n\u0131 tamamen ortadan kald\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. <\/strong><\/p>\n

Takas antla\u015fmas\u0131 imzalan\u0131yor<\/strong><\/p>\n

Sonunda \u0130ngilizler Malta\u2019daki 150 tutuklu aras\u0131ndan se\u00e7tikleri 64 tutukluyu Kemalist g\u00fc\u00e7lerin elinde bulunan 29 \u0130ngiliz esirle takas etmenin yollar\u0131n\u0131 aramaya ba\u015flad\u0131lar. \u0130ngilizlerle Ankara\u2019n\u0131n D\u0131\u015fi\u015fleri Bakan\u0131 Bekir Sami (Kunduh) Londra G\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmeleri s\u0131ras\u0131nda, 16 Mart 1921\u2019de bir takas antla\u015fmas\u0131 imzalad\u0131lar. Antla\u015fmaya g\u00f6re Malta\u2019dan sal\u0131verilecek ki\u015filer, aynen Alman sava\u015f su\u00e7lular\u0131n\u0131n Leipzig\u2019de yarg\u0131lanmas\u0131 gibi Ankara\u2019da yarg\u0131lanacaklard\u0131. \u0130ngilizler, d\u00f6rt T\u00fcrk tutukluyu 29 Nisan 1921\u2019de sal\u0131verdiler. Bu ki\u015filer kendi olanaklar\u0131 ile Sicilya\u2019ya gittiler. Ertesi g\u00fcn 33 T\u00fcrk tutuklu bir \u0130ngiliz gemisi ile Toronto\u2019ya g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc. Bunlara ek olarak \u00fc\u00e7 ki\u015fi de \u00f6zel emirle sal\u0131verildi. S\u0131ra \u0130ngiliz esirlerin serbest b\u0131rak\u0131lmas\u0131na gelmi\u015fti ama 8 May\u0131s 1921\u2019de Bekir Sami Bey Londra\u2019da \u0130ngilizlerle (ayr\u0131ca Frans\u0131zlar ve \u0130talyanlarla) Ankara\u2019n\u0131n onay\u0131n\u0131 almadan antla\u015fmalar imzalad\u0131\u011f\u0131 gerek\u00e7esiyle D\u0131\u015fi\u015fleri Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131\u2019ndan al\u0131n\u0131nca \u0130ngilizler muhataps\u0131z kald\u0131lar. 12 may\u0131sta \u0130ngiliz uyruklu bir Hintli olan Mustafa Sagir\u2019in Mustafa Kemal\u2019e suikast planlama su\u00e7undan idama mahk\u00fbm edildi\u011fini \u00f6\u011frenince ku\u015fkular iyice artt\u0131. \u0130ngilizler bu ki\u015finin de takas antla\u015fmas\u0131na dahil edilmesini istediler ancak, Ankara 26 may\u0131sta Mustafa Sagir\u2019i idam etti. Bunun \u00fczerine \u0130ngiliz taraf\u0131 b\u0131rakmay\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc 24 Malta\u2019da al\u0131koyaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131. <\/strong><\/p>\n

Ankara tehdit ediyor<\/strong><\/p>\n

Haziran sonlar\u0131nda Ankara\u2019dan gelen bir mektupta Bekir Sami\u2019nin yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 antla\u015fman\u0131n tan\u0131nmad\u0131\u011f\u0131, \u0130ngilizler ellerindeki t\u00fcm esirleri serbest b\u0131rakmad\u0131klar\u0131 takdirde \u0130ngiliz esirlerin serbest b\u0131rak\u0131lmayaca\u011f\u0131 (o tarihe kadar 29 \u0130ngiliz esirden sadece be\u015fi sal\u0131verilmi\u015fti) kesin bir dille belirtiliyordu. 6 Eyl\u00fcl 1921\u2019de Malta\u2019daki gev\u015fek ko\u015fullar\u0131 de\u011ferlendiren 16 T\u00fcrk esiri adadan ka\u00e7may\u0131 ba\u015far\u0131nca \u0130ngilizler pes ettiler ve t\u00fcm esirleri takas etmeye raz\u0131 oldular. 31 Ekim 1921 g\u00fcn\u00fc T\u00fcrk tutuklular\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131yan H.M.S. Chrysanthemum ve H.M.S. Montenol gemileri ile \u0130ngiliz esirleri g\u00f6t\u00fcrecek olan H.M.S. Centaur gemisi ayn\u0131 anda \u0130nebolu\u2019ya vard\u0131lar ve takas ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirildi. Malta S\u00fcrg\u00fcnleri Milli M\u00fccadele\u2019ye kat\u0131ld\u0131lar ve tahmin edilece\u011fi gibi hi\u00e7bir zaman yarg\u0131lanmad\u0131lar. Yani \u00fczerlerine at\u0131l\u0131 su\u00e7tan yarg\u0131 karar\u0131 ile kurtulmad\u0131lar, i\u00e7 ve d\u0131\u015f g\u00fc\u00e7lerin siyasi kararlar\u0131yla kurtar\u0131ld\u0131lar… Bir \u0130ngiliz raporundaki \u015fu c\u00fcmleler, Malta\u2019dakileri neyin kurtard\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 gayet iyi \u00f6zetliyordu: \u201cBu insanlar hakk\u0131nda ne kadar az \u015fey s\u00f6ylersek o kadar iyi (…) Malta\u2019daki T\u00fcrk s\u00fcrg\u00fcnleri neden serbest b\u0131rakt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 bu nazik konuyu elimden geldi\u011fince a\u00e7\u0131klamaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131m. San\u0131r\u0131m herkes benim gibi yapard\u0131 (…) Parlamento \u00fcyeleri aras\u0131ndaki g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc inan\u00e7, bir tek \u0130ngiliz esirin bir gemi dolusu T\u00fcrk\u2019e de\u011fece\u011fi y\u00f6n\u00fcndeydi. Takas bu y\u00fczden yap\u0131ld\u0131.\u201d<\/p>\n

*** <\/strong><\/p>\n

Bir referans mektubu olarak Malta<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n

Malta S\u00fcrg\u00fcnlerinin b\u00fcy\u00fck bir k\u0131sm\u0131 Cumhuriyet d\u00f6neminde \u00f6nemli devlet g\u00f6revlerine getirildiler. Bu yaz\u0131y\u0131 yazarken yararland\u0131\u011f\u0131m Malta<\/em> <\/em>Belgeleri<\/em>, \u0130<\/em>ngiltere<\/em> <\/em>D<\/em>\u0131\u015f<\/em>i<\/em>\u015f<\/em>leri<\/em> <\/em>Bakanl<\/em>\u0131\u011f\u0131 <\/em>T<\/em>\u00fc<\/em>rk<\/em> <\/em>Sava<\/em>\u015f <\/em>Su<\/em>\u00e7<\/em>lular<\/em>\u0131 <\/em>Dosyas<\/em>\u0131<\/em> (Belge 2007) adl\u0131 kitab\u0131n \u00f6ns\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc yazan Sait \u00c7etino\u011flu, y\u0131llard\u0131r bu ki\u015filerin izini s\u00fcr\u00fcyor. \u00c7o\u011fu 1934\u2019te \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lan Soyad\u0131 Kanunu ile izlerini kaybettirdi\u011fi i\u00e7in \u00c7etino\u011flu ancak baz\u0131 Tehcir su\u00e7lusunun Cumhuriyet d\u00f6nemindeki g\u00f6revlerini tesbit edebildi. Bunlardan baz\u0131 \u015fahsiyetler \u015funlar:<\/p>\n

\u25ba<\/strong> Abd\u00fclhalik Renda:<\/strong> Tehcir d\u00f6neminin Bitlis ve Halep Valisi, Talat Pa\u015fa\u2019n\u0131n kay\u0131nbiraderi, 1917\u2019de k\u0131sa s\u00fcreli Dahiliye Nezareti M\u00fcste\u015farl\u0131\u011f\u0131 yapan, Bitlis ve Halep\u2019teki Ermeni katliamlar\u0131ndan sorumlu olarak Abd\u00fclhalik Bey, Malta d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fc \u00c7ank\u0131r\u0131 Milletvekilli\u011fi, \u0130zmir Valili\u011fi, 1924-1930 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda Maliye, Milli Savunma Bakanl\u0131klar\u0131nda bulundu, Bahriye Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131\u2019na vekalet etti. 1935\u2019te TBMM Ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131\u2019na se\u00e7ildi, 1946\u2019ya kadar bu g\u00f6revi y\u00fcr\u00fctt\u00fc. Ard\u0131ndan Hasan Saka H\u00fck\u00fcmeti\u2019nde Devlet Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 yapt\u0131.<\/p>\n

\u25ba<\/strong> \u015e\u00fckr\u00fc Kaya:<\/strong> Tehcir s\u0131ras\u0131nda Muhacirin ve A\u015fairin M\u00fcd\u00fcr\u00fc olan ve Halep ve Adana vilayetlerindeki tehcirden sorumlu olan \u015e\u00fckr\u00fc Bey, Malta\u2019dan ka\u00e7t\u0131ktan sonra bir s\u00fcre \u0130talya ve Almanya\u2019da kald\u0131. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnden sonra Lozan\u2019a giden heyete kat\u0131ld\u0131. \u0130zmir Belediye Ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 yapt\u0131. 1923\u2019te Mente\u015fe (Mu\u011fla) Milletvekili oldu, 1924\u2019ten Mustafa Kemal\u2019in \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcne kadarki d\u00f6nemde Tar\u0131m, D\u0131\u015fi\u015fleri ve \u0130\u00e7i\u015fleri Bakanl\u0131klar\u0131 yapt\u0131.<\/p>\n

\u25ba<\/strong> Refet Bele:<\/strong> 1916-1917 k\u0131\u015f\u0131nda Samsun ve havalisinin Asker\u00ee Valisi olan Refet Pa\u015fa, Samsun y\u00f6resindeki Rumlar\u0131n tehcirinden sorumlu oldu\u011fu gerek\u00e7esiyle Malta\u2019ya g\u00f6nderilmi\u015fti. Refet Pa\u015fa Cumhuriyet d\u00f6neminde \u0130\u00e7i\u015fleri ve Milli Savunma Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 yapt\u0131.<\/p>\n

\u25ba<\/strong> Hasan Tahsin Uzer:<\/strong> Tehcir s\u0131ras\u0131nda Van ve Erzurum Valisi olarak Ermenilere y\u00f6nelik katliamlar\u0131 y\u00f6netti\u011fi iddias\u0131yla Malta\u2019ya g\u00f6nderilen Hasan Tahsin Bey, Malta d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnde s\u0131ras\u0131yla \u0130zmir, Ardahan, Erzurum ve Konya Milletvekili olarak Meclis\u2019e girdi. 1935\u2019ten vefat etti\u011fi 1939\u2019a kadar CHP\u2019nin \u2018Ola\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc Hal Valili\u011fi\u2019 olan 3. Umumi M\u00fcfetti\u015flik g\u00f6revinde bulundu.<\/p>\n

\u25ba<\/strong> Mithat \u015e\u00fckr\u00fc<\/strong> Bleda:<\/strong> \u0130ttihat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n Maarif Naz\u0131r\u0131, Tehcir s\u0131ras\u0131nda \u0130TC\u2019nin Genel Sekreteri ve Maarif Naz\u0131r\u0131 olan Mithat \u015e\u00fckr\u00fc Bey, Malta d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fc Mustafa Kemal\u2019in birlikte \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma teklifini reddederek \u0130zmir\u2019e yerle\u015fti ve ticaretle u\u011fra\u015ft\u0131. 1926 \u0130zmir Suikast\u0131 Davas\u0131\u2019nda yarg\u0131lan\u0131p beraat ettikten sonra yine Mustafa Kemal\u2019in \u00f6nerisi ile Sivas\u2019tan ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z milletvekili se\u00e7ildi. Mustafa Kemal e\u011fer Sivas\u2019tan milletvekili se\u00e7ilemezse t\u00fcm Sivas se\u00e7imlerini iptal ettirece\u011fini s\u00f6yleyerek kendine g\u00fcvence vermi\u015fti. 1950\u2019ye kadar d\u00f6rt d\u00f6nem milletvekilli\u011fi yapt\u0131.<\/p>\n

\u25ba<\/strong> Halil Mente\u015fe:<\/strong> \u0130ttihat ve Terakki d\u00f6neminin Meclis-i Mebusan Reisi, Dahiliye, Adliye ve Hariciye<\/p>\n

Naz\u0131r\u0131 olan, Tehcir ve sava\u015f su\u00e7lar\u0131ndan dolay\u0131 \u0130ngilizlere Osmanl\u0131 yetkilileri taraf\u0131ndan teslim edilen Halil Bey, Malta d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fc devlet kat\u0131nda g\u00f6rev almad\u0131. 1924\u2019te Terakkiperver Cumhuriyet F\u0131rkas\u0131 (TpCF) kurulu\u015funa kat\u0131ld\u0131. 1926\u2019da \u0130zmir Suikast\u0131 Davas\u0131\u2019nda yarg\u0131land\u0131, beraat etti. 1931\u2019de CHP\u2019nin ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z aday\u0131 olarak \u0130zmir\u2019den milletvekili oldu. 1948\u2019e kadar milletvekilli\u011fini s\u00fcrd\u00fcrd\u00fc.<\/p>\n

\u25ba<\/strong> Ali<\/strong> Cenani: <\/strong>Tehcir s\u0131ras\u0131nda Halep Mebusu olan ve Antep\u2019teki binlerce Ermeniyi tehcirden sorumlu olan Ali Cenani Bey, Malta d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnde milletvekilli\u011fi ve 1924-1926 aras\u0131nda Ticaret Vekilli\u011fi yapt\u0131.<\/p>\n

\u25ba<\/strong> Ali \u00c7etinkaya:<\/strong> Te\u015fkilat-\u0131 Mahsusa \u00fcyesi, Afyon Mebusu Kel Ali Cumhuriyet d\u00f6neminin \u00fcnl\u00fc \u0130stiklal Mahkemesi\u2019nin ba\u015fkan\u0131 ve Naf\u0131a Vekili\u2019ydi.<\/p>\n

\u25ba<\/strong> Aka G\u00fcnd\u00fcz:<\/strong> \u0130TC \u00dcyesi H\u00fcseyin Enis Avni, Cumhuriyet d\u00f6neminde Aka G\u00fcnd\u00fcz ad\u0131n\u0131 ald\u0131 ve 1932-1946 aras\u0131nda milletvekilli\u011fi yapt\u0131.<\/p>\n

\u25ba<\/strong> S<\/strong>abit Sa\u011f\u0131ro\u011flu:<\/strong> Tehcir s\u0131ras\u0131nda Harput (Elaz\u0131\u011f) Valisi olan ve Dersim b\u00f6lgesindeki Ermeni katliamlar\u0131ndan sorumlu olarak Malta\u2019ya g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fclen Sabit Bey TBMM\u2019nin Erzincan Milletvekilli\u011fi ile \u00f6d\u00fcllendirildi.<\/p>\n

\u25ba<\/strong> Ahmet Muammer Cankarde\u015f:<\/strong> \u0130ttihat ve Terakki\u2019nin ate\u015fli \u00fcyesi, Tehcir s\u0131ras\u0131nda Sivas ve Konya Valisi olan Ahmet Muammer Bey, Ankara taraf\u0131ndan \u00f6nce Sivas Mutasarr\u0131fl\u0131\u011f\u0131na atand\u0131, ard\u0131ndan Sivas Milletvekili oldu. <\/strong><\/p>\n

\u25ba<\/strong>Ali M\u00fcnif Ye\u011fena:<\/strong> 1913-1915\u2019te Naf\u0131a Naz\u0131r\u0131, 1915-1916\u2019da L\u00fcbnan Valisi, 1918\u2019de \u0130TC\u2019nin Merkez Komitesi \u00fcyesi olan ve L\u00fcbnan\u2019da Ermenilere ve Marunilere kar\u015f\u0131 katliamlardan dolay\u0131 Malta\u2019ya g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fclen Ali M\u00fcnif Bey, Cumhuriyet\u2019in ilan\u0131ndan sonra Seyhan (Adana) Belediye Ba\u015fkan\u0131, daha sonra Mersin ve Seyhan Milletvekili oldu.<\/p>\n

\u25ba<\/strong> <\/strong>Mustafa<\/strong> <\/strong>Re<\/strong>\u015f<\/strong>at<\/strong> <\/strong>Mimaro<\/strong>\u011f<\/strong>lu<\/strong>:<\/strong> 1915\u2019te \u0130stanbul Siyasi Polis M\u00fcd\u00fcr\u00fc, 1917-1918\u2019de \u00c7ank\u0131r\u0131 ve Bolu Mutasarr\u0131f\u0131 olan Mustafa Re\u015fat Bey, Malta d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fc s\u0131ras\u0131yla Tokat Mutasarr\u0131fl\u0131\u011f\u0131, M\u00fclkiye M\u00fcfetti\u015fli\u011fi, Adana Valili\u011fi, \u015e\u00fbra-y\u0131 Devlet (Dan\u0131\u015ftay) Reisli\u011fi, \u0130zmir Milletvekilli\u011fi, CHP \u0130stanbul \u0130l Ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 yapt\u0131. <\/strong><\/p>\n

\u25ba<\/strong> <\/strong>Ali<\/strong> \u0130<\/strong>hsan<\/strong> <\/strong>Sabis<\/strong>:<\/strong> Birinci D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda Kolordu ve Ordu Kumandan\u0131 olan Ali \u0130hsan Pa\u015fa, Van, Musul ve Urmiye\u2019de H\u0131ristiyan katliamlar\u0131n\u0131 bilfiil y\u00f6netmek ve Kut\u2019\u00fcl Ammare Ku\u015fatmas\u0131 sonras\u0131 ele ge\u00e7irilen \u0130ngiliz sava\u015f esirlerini \u00f6ld\u00fcrtmek su\u00e7undan Malta\u2019ya g\u00f6nderilmi\u015fti. Malta d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fc Bat\u0131 Cephesi 1. Ordu Kumandanl\u0131\u011f\u0131\u2019na atand\u0131 ancak Cephe Komutan\u0131 Albay \u0130smet Bey ile anla\u015fmazl\u0131k \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan B\u00fcy\u00fck Taarruz \u00f6ncesi g\u00f6revinden al\u0131nd\u0131 ve emekliye ayr\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n

\u25ba<\/strong> S\u00fcleyman <\/strong>Necmi Selman:<\/strong> Tehcir s\u0131ras\u0131nda Samsun Mutasarr\u0131f\u0131 olan ve Samsun\u2019da baz\u0131 Ermenilerin \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclmelerinde birinci derecede sorumlu oldu\u011fu gerek\u00e7esiyle Malta\u2019ya g\u00f6nderilen S\u00fcleyman Nemci (Selmen) 1923\u2019te Kastamonu Valisi oldu ard\u0131ndan Samsun Milletvekili olarak TBMM\u2019de g\u00f6rev ald\u0131.<\/p>\n

\u25ba<\/strong> <\/strong>Z<\/strong>\u00fc<\/strong>lf<\/strong>\u00fc <\/strong>Tigrel<\/strong>:<\/strong> Osmanl\u0131 D\u00f6nemi\u2019nde Diyarbak\u0131r Mebusu ve Diyarbak\u0131r Ermenilerine y\u00f6nelik toplu katliamlarda rol alan Z\u00fclf\u00fc Bey yeni d\u00f6nemin Diyarbak\u0131r Milletvekiliydi. Lozan\u2019a giden heyete ise \u2018K\u00fcrt temsilcisi\u2019 olarak kat\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n

Cumhuriyet\u2019in harc\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n

Malta S\u00fcrg\u00fcnleri aras\u0131nda bulunan Yakup \u015eevki (Suba\u015f\u0131) Pa\u015fa, Cemal (Mersinli) Pa\u015fa, Cevat (\u00c7obanl\u0131) Pa\u015fa, Dr. Esat (I\u015f\u0131k) Pa\u015fa, Ziya G\u00f6kalp, H\u00fcseyin Cahit (Yal\u00e7\u0131n), Ali Fethi (Okyar), H\u00fcseyin Rauf (Orbay), Ahmet Agayef (A\u011fao\u011flu) gibi \u0130ttihat ve Terakki politikalar\u0131n\u0131n olu\u015fmas\u0131nda ve y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclmesinde \u00f6nemli rolleri olan ki\u015filerin Cumhuriyet d\u00f6neminde milletvekilli\u011fi, bakanl\u0131k, ba\u015fbakanl\u0131k, generallik gibi g\u00f6revlerle taltif edildiklerini unutmayal\u0131m.<\/p>\n

Elbette Malta\u2019ya g\u00f6nderilmemi\u015f y\u00fczlerce Tehcir ve sava\u015f su\u00e7lusu vard\u0131. Onlar da yarg\u0131lanmad\u0131lar ve Cumhuriyet d\u00f6neminde \u00f6nemli g\u00f6revlere getirildiler. B\u00f6ylece sava\u015f ve Tehcir su\u00e7lular\u0131 Cumhuriyet\u2019in harc\u0131na kat\u0131ld\u0131lar. Zaman i\u00e7inde bu ki\u015filerin \u00e7ocuklar\u0131, torunlar\u0131 aras\u0131nda da devletin \u00f6nemli g\u00f6revlerine gelenler oldu. B\u00f6ylece \u0130TC zihniyeti (baz\u0131 de\u011fi\u015fimler ge\u00e7irmi\u015fse de en az\u0131ndan Ermeni Tehciri\u2019ne yakla\u015f\u0131m a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan) g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze kadar geldi. Deniz Baykal\u2019\u0131n a\u011fz\u0131ndan duyduklar\u0131m\u0131z, bu ger\u00e7e\u011fin tescilinden ba\u015fka bir \u015fey de\u011fil. Baykal\u2019\u0131n Malta S\u00fcrg\u00fcnleri ile Balyoz Darbecileri aras\u0131nda kurdu\u011fu paralellik de bu tarih\u00e7eyi bilince ba\u015fka bir anlam kazan\u0131yor. \u0130\u015fte bu devaml\u0131l\u0131k (buna su\u00e7 ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 da diyebilirsiniz) y\u00fcz\u00fcnden, \u00fczerinden tam 95 y\u0131l ge\u00e7ti\u011fi halde, 1915 Ermeni Tehciri\u2019ne (buna soyk\u0131r\u0131m da diyebilirsiniz) ili\u015fkin ger\u00e7eklerin de\u015filmesine izin verilmiyor. Bu zihniyet akrabal\u0131\u011f\u0131 (isterseniz buna \u2018Malta Karde\u015fli\u011fi\u2019 diyebilirsiniz) y\u00fcz\u00fcnden bu \u00fclke s\u00fcrekli darbe ikliminde ya\u015fat\u0131l\u0131yor. <\/strong><\/p>\n

Kaynak\u00e7a:Vartkes Yeghiayan, Malta Belgeleri, \u0130ngiltere D\u0131\u015fi\u015fleri Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 T\u00fcrk Sava\u015f Su\u00e7lular\u0131 Dosyas\u0131<\/em>, (T\u00fcrk\u00e7eye \u00c7eviren: J\u00fclide De\u011firmenciler), Belge Yay\u0131nlar\u0131, A\u011fustos 2007; Taner Ak\u00e7am, \u0130nsan Haklar\u0131 ve Ermeni Sorunu<\/em>, \u0130mge Kitabevi, 2002; Bilal N. \u015eim\u015fir, Malta S\u00fcrg\u00fcnleri<\/em>, Bilgi Yay\u0131nevi, 1985.<\/p>\n

http:\/\/www.taraf.com.tr\/ayse-hur\/makale-malta-surgunlerini-nasil-bilirsiniz.htm<\/a><\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Ay\u015fe H\u00fcr CHP Genel Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Deniz Baykal, Balyoz Darbe Plan\u0131 ile ilgili g\u00f6zalt\u0131 operasyonlar\u0131n\u0131 Malta S\u00fcrg\u00fcnleri\u2019ne benzetti. Do\u011frusu, resm\u00ee tarihin rahle-i tedrisinden ge\u00e7mi\u015f ku\u015faklar i\u00e7in iyi bir benzetme. Ama resm\u00ee tarihin arka y\u00fcz\u00fcn\u00fc bilen biri i\u00e7in utan\u00e7 verici bir benzetme. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc Malta\u2019ya s\u00fcr\u00fclen ki\u015filerin \u00e7o\u011fu 1915 Ermeni Tehciri\u2019nde bug\u00fcn soyk\u0131r\u0131m diye nitelenen su\u00e7lar\u0131 i\u015flemi\u015f ki\u015filerdi […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":14677,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6,14,26],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-14676","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ermeni-soykirimi","category-haberler","category-makaleler"],"yoast_head":"\nMalta S\u00fcrg\u00fcnleri\u2019ni nas\u0131l bilirsiniz - Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/akunq.net\/turkish\/2012\/04\/28\/malta-surgunlerini-nasil-bilirsiniz\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Malta S\u00fcrg\u00fcnleri\u2019ni nas\u0131l bilirsiniz - Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Ay\u015fe H\u00fcr CHP Genel Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Deniz Baykal, Balyoz Darbe Plan\u0131 ile ilgili g\u00f6zalt\u0131 operasyonlar\u0131n\u0131 Malta S\u00fcrg\u00fcnleri\u2019ne benzetti. 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