{"id":14235,"date":"2012-04-18T02:20:12","date_gmt":"2012-04-18T07:20:12","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=14235"},"modified":"2012-04-18T02:20:12","modified_gmt":"2012-04-18T07:20:12","slug":"azinlik-okullarinin-gecmisi-ve-sorunlari","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/turkish\/2012\/04\/18\/azinlik-okullarinin-gecmisi-ve-sorunlari\/","title":{"rendered":"Az\u0131nl\u0131k Okullar\u0131n\u0131n Ge\u00e7mi\u015fi ve Sorunlar\u0131"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"<\/a>Tarih Vakf\u0131\u2019n\u0131n y\u00fcr\u00fctmekte oldu\u011fu Ge\u00e7mi\u015ften G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze Az\u0131nl\u0131k Okullar\u0131 Projesi kapsam\u0131nda 3 Nisan Sal\u0131 g\u00fcn\u00fc \u201cYeni \u00d6zel \u00d6\u011fretim Kurumlar\u0131 Y\u00f6netmeli\u011fi Az\u0131nl\u0131k Okullar\u0131n\u0131n Sorunlar\u0131n\u0131 \u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcyor mu?\u201d ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 bir bas\u0131n toplant\u0131s\u0131 d\u00fczenlendi. Toplant\u0131da 20 Mart’ta Resmi Gazete’de yay\u0131mlanan yeni y\u00f6netmeli\u011fin az\u0131nl\u0131k okullar\u0131n\u0131n k\u00f6kl\u00fc sorunlar\u0131na \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm getirip getirmedi\u011fi tart\u0131\u015f\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n

Nurcan Kaya<\/strong> (Proje Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131s\u0131\/Rapor Yazar\u0131), Garo Paylan<\/strong> (Ye\u015filk\u00f6y Ermeni \u0130lk\u00f6\u011fretim okulu), G\u00fcrel T\u00fcz\u00fcn<\/strong> (Tarih Vakf\u0131) ve Mihail Vasiliadis<\/strong>\u2019in (Apoyevmatini Gazetesi) konu\u015fmac\u0131 olarak kat\u0131ld\u0131klar\u0131 toplant\u0131da Milli E\u011fitim Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131\u2019nca haz\u0131rlanan ve 20 Mart 2012 tarihinde Resmi Gazete’de yay\u0131mlanan yeni \u00d6zel \u00d6\u011fretim Kurumlar\u0131 Y\u00f6netmeli\u011fi’nin az\u0131nl\u0131k okullar\u0131n\u0131n k\u00f6kl\u00fc sorunlar\u0131na \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm getirip getirmedi\u011fi ve bu okullar\u0131n taleplerini ne \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde kar\u015f\u0131lad\u0131\u011f\u0131 masaya yat\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n

Toplant\u0131da, medyada yer alan “M.E.B.’den az\u0131nl\u0131klara okul hakk\u0131” ya da “T.C. vatanda\u015f\u0131 olmayanlara az\u0131nl\u0131k\u00a0okullar\u0131nda e\u011fitim hakk\u0131” gibi de\u011ferlendirmelerin ger\u00e7e\u011fi yans\u0131tmad\u0131\u011f\u0131,<\/p>\n

–\u00a0Az\u0131nl\u0131k okullar\u0131n\u0131n ne yabanc\u0131 ne de \u00f6zel okul oldu\u011fu, bu nedenle \u00d6zel \u00d6\u011fretim Kurumlar\u0131 Kanunu ve \u00d6zel \u00d6\u011fretim Kurumlar\u0131 Y\u00f6netmeli\u011fine tabi olmamalar\u0131 ve az\u0131nl\u0131k okullar\u0131 ile ilgili ayr\u0131 bir mevzuat\u0131n haz\u0131rlanmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fi;<\/p>\n

–\u00a0Az\u0131nl\u0131k okullar\u0131nda yabanc\u0131 uyruklu \u00f6\u011frencilerin (Ermenistanl\u0131 ve Yunanistanl\u0131 \u00e7ocuklar dahil) diploma alan \u00f6\u011frenciler olarak okumas\u0131n\u0131n hala m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131;<\/p>\n

–\u00a0M\u00fctekabiliyet ilkesinin az\u0131nl\u0131k okullar\u0131na uygulanmas\u0131n\u0131n hak ihlali oldu\u011fu;<\/p>\n

–\u00a0Az\u0131nl\u0131k okullar\u0131nda devlet taraf\u0131ndan atanan M\u00fcd\u00fcr Ba\u015fyard\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n okulda iki ba\u015fl\u0131 bir y\u00f6netime sebep oldu\u011fu ve son verilmesi gereken bir pozison oldu\u011fu;<\/p>\n

–\u00a0Az\u0131nl\u0131k okullar\u0131nda g\u00f6rev yapan T\u00fcrk\u00e7e ve K\u00fclt\u00fcr Dersleri \u00f6\u011fretmenlerinin atanma usul\u00fc ve g\u00f6rev s\u00fcrelerine dair meselelerin hala \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmlenmedi\u011fi ve<\/p>\n

–\u00a0Yeni \u00d6zel \u00d6\u011fretim Kurumlar\u0131 Y\u00f6netmeli\u011finin bu meselelerin hi\u00e7birini \u00e7\u00f6zmedi\u011fi ifade edildi ve bu sorunlara yak\u0131n zamanda \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm bulunmamas\u0131 halinde mevcut az\u0131nl\u0131k okullar\u0131n\u0131n dahi kapanabilece\u011fine dikkat \u00e7ekildi.<\/p>\n

Toplant\u0131da bas\u0131n mensuplar\u0131na da\u011f\u0131t\u0131lan, az\u0131nl\u0131k okullar\u0131 ve mevuzattan kaynakl\u0131 sorunlar konusunda \u00f6zet bilgi i\u00e7eren metin a\u015fa\u011f\u0131da yer almaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

AZINLIK OKULLARININ TEMEL SORUNLARI <\/strong><\/p>\n

VE YEN\u0130 \u00d6ZEL \u00d6\u011eRET\u0130M KURUMLARI Y\u00d6NETMEL\u0130\u011e\u0130’N\u0130N GET\u0130R(ME)D\u0130KLER\u0130 <\/strong><\/p>\n

20 Mart 2012\u2019de 28239 Say\u0131l\u0131 Resmi Gazete\u2019de yay\u0131mlanan\u00a0Milli E\u011fitim Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00d6zel \u00d6\u011fretim Kurumlar\u0131 Y\u00f6netmeli\u011fi\u00a0konusunda bas\u0131nda yer alan “MEB’den az\u0131nl\u0131klara okul hakk\u0131”, “TC vatanda\u015f\u0131 olmayanlara az\u0131nl\u0131k okullar\u0131nda e\u011fitim hakk\u0131”, “MEB\u2019den az\u0131nl\u0131k a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131m\u0131\u201d,\u00a0\u201cBu okullarda yaln\u0131z kendi az\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131na mensup TC vatanda\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7ocuklar\u0131 okuyabilir\u00a0ifadesi kald\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131” vb. ba\u015fl\u0131k ve haberlerle yeni y\u00f6netmelikle az\u0131nl\u0131k okullar\u0131n\u0131n sorunlar\u0131na \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm getirilmi\u015f gibi bir hava yarat\u0131ld\u0131. Oysa az\u0131nl\u0131k okullar\u0131n\u0131n ya\u015fad\u0131klar\u0131 sorunlar h\u00e2l\u00e2 oldu\u011fu gibi durmaktad\u0131r.\u00a0<\/p>\n

AZINLIK OKULLARI HAKKINDA <\/strong><\/p>\n

20. Y\u00fczy\u0131la kadar Anadolu\u2019da binlerce az\u0131nl\u0131k okulu vard\u0131, bug\u00fcn sadece 22\u2019si hayatta<\/p>\n

Ba\u015fbakanl\u0131k Devlet \u0130statistik Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc\u2019n\u00fcn verilerine g\u00f6re 1894 y\u0131l\u0131nda, t\u00fcm \u0130mparatorluk b\u00fcnyesinde kapsaml\u0131 bir \u00f6zerklikten yararlanan 6.437 gayrim\u00fcslim okulu bulunmaktayd\u0131. Bunlar aras\u0131nda Rumlara, Gregoryen Ermenilere, Ermeni Katoliklere, Musevilere, Bulgarlara, S\u0131rplara, Ulahlara, Katoliklere, Bulgar Katoliklere, Ermeni Protestanlara,Rum Katoliklere, S\u00fcryanilere, Keldanilere, S\u00fcryani Katoliklere, Keldani Katoliklere, Marunilere, Samirilere ve Yakubilere ait okullar bulunmaktayd\u0131.[1]\u00a0Sadece \u0130stanbul\u2019da Rum, Ermeni, Ermeni Katolik, Musevi ve Bulgarlara ait 302 okul bulunmaktayd\u0131 ve bu okullarda toplam 29.850 \u00f6\u011frenci okumaktayd\u0131.[2<\/strong>]<\/p>\n

Ermeni Patrikhanesi\u2019nin 1901 y\u0131l\u0131nda haz\u0131rlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00e7izelgeye g\u00f6re ise ayn\u0131 y\u0131l Anadolu\u2019da 818 Gregoryen Ermeni okulu bulunmaktayd\u0131 ki bu say\u0131 sadece semt okullar\u0131n\u0131 kapsamakta;\u00a0Katolik ve Protestan Ermeni okullar\u0131n\u0131, merkezi ve y\u00fcksek okullar ile \u00f6zel okullar\u0131 kapsamamaktayd\u0131.<\/p>\n

1913-1914 \u00f6\u011fretim y\u0131l\u0131nda ise vilayet ve livalardaki (ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z sancaklardaki) \u00f6zel iptidailerde (ilkokul) cemaatlere ait okul say\u0131s\u0131 2.596\u2019yd\u0131 ve bunlar\u0131n da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m\u0131 \u015f\u00f6yleydi:\u00a01.245 Rum okulu, 1.084 Ermeni okulu, 131 Musevi okulu, 6 Bulgar okulu, 1 Keldani okulu, 29 S\u00fcryani okulu, 35 Maruni okulu, 2 Protestan okulu, 46 Katolik okulu, 1 Samiri okulu.[3<\/strong>]<\/p>\n

1923 y\u0131l\u0131nda T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyeti devletinin kurulmas\u0131ndan sonra sadece Ermeni, Rum ve Musevilerin kendi dilerinde e\u011fitim veren kurumlar\u0131n\u0131 y\u00f6netme haklar\u0131 korundu. Lozan Antla\u015fmas\u0131\u2019n\u0131n 40. ve 41. maddeleri ile varl\u0131klar\u0131 g\u00fcvenceye al\u0131nan az\u0131nl\u0131k okullar\u0131 pek \u00e7ok b\u00fcrokratik s\u0131n\u0131rlama ve d\u0131\u015f siyasete ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak s\u00fcrekli de\u011fi\u015fen haks\u0131z uygulamalara maruz b\u0131rak\u0131ld\u0131. Bu uygulamalar ve e\u011fitim sistemindeki genel problemler “az\u0131nl\u0131k” okullar\u0131n\u0131n y\u0131ldan y\u0131la \u00f6\u011frenci kaybetmesine ve \u00e7o\u011funun kapanmas\u0131na yol a\u00e7t\u0131. 1924-1925 \u00f6\u011fretim y\u0131l\u0131nda dahi \u00fclkede 138 az\u0131nl\u0131k okulu varken,\u00a0bug\u00fcn T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de tamam\u0131 \u0130stanbul\u2019da olmak \u00fczere sadece\u00a016\u00a0Ermeni okulu, 5 Rum okulu ve 1 Musevi okulu bulunmakta ve bu okullarda toplam 3.070 dolay\u0131nda Ermeni, 210 Rum ve 580 Musevi \u00f6\u011frenci okumaktad\u0131r.\u00a0\u00d6zellikle Rum okullar\u0131nda kapasitelerinin \u00e7ok alt\u0131nda say\u0131da \u00f6\u011frenci okumaktad\u0131r. \u00d6rne\u011fin Zo\u011frafyon Rum Lisesi\u2019nin \u00f6\u011frenci kapasitesi 300 kadarken, okula kay\u0131tl\u0131 \u00f6\u011frenci say\u0131s\u0131 42\u2019dir. Resmi olarak a\u00e7\u0131k g\u00f6z\u00fckt\u00fc\u011f\u00fc halde \u00f6\u011frenci yetersizli\u011fi ve ba\u015fka nedenlerle faaliyet y\u00fcr\u00fctemeyen 20\u2019nin \u00fczerinde az\u0131nl\u0131k okulu bulunmaktad\u0131r. \u00d6\u011frenim vermekte olan az\u0131nl\u0131k okullar\u0131n\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131k kalabilmesi i\u00e7in ony\u0131llard\u0131r ya\u015fad\u0131klar\u0131 sorunlar\u0131n acilen \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcme kavu\u015fturulmas\u0131 gerekmektedir. Unutulmamal\u0131d\u0131r ki\u00a0uluslararas\u0131 ve b\u00f6lgesel s\u00f6zle\u015fmeler ve bir\u00e7ok \u00fclkedeki uygulamalar\u0131n belirledi\u011fi standartlar az\u0131nl\u0131klara kendi dillerinde e\u011fitim veren e\u011fitim kurumlar\u0131n\u0131 kurma ve y\u00f6netme hakk\u0131 verirken, devletlerin de az\u0131nl\u0131k okullar\u0131n\u0131n idaresini zorla\u015ft\u0131rmayacak kurallar koymalar\u0131n\u0131, \u00f6\u011fretmen yeti\u015ftirilmesi ve ders materyallerinin haz\u0131rlanmas\u0131 ile okul giderlerinin kar\u015f\u0131lanmas\u0131 gibi konularda az\u0131nl\u0131k okullar\u0131na her t\u00fcrl\u00fc deste\u011fi vermelerini gerekli k\u0131lar.\u00a0A\u015fa\u011f\u0131da az\u0131nl\u0131k okullar\u0131n\u0131n ya\u015fad\u0131klar\u0131 sorunlardan, do\u011frudan kanun ve y\u00f6netmelikle ilgili olanlar k\u0131saca ele al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r:\u00a0<\/p>\n

Y\u00d6NETMEL\u0130K SORUNLARI \u00c7\u00d6ZMEZ, AZINLIK OKULLARINA DA\u0130R KAPSAMLI VE AYRI B\u0130R MEVZUAT GEREKL\u0130 <\/strong><\/p>\n

Az\u0131nl\u0131k okullar\u0131 ne \u00f6zel ne de yabanc\u0131 okullard\u0131r. Az\u0131nl\u0131k okullar\u0131 yabanc\u0131 okullar de\u011fillerdir \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc bu okullar, T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyeti vatanda\u015f\u0131 ki\u015filerce y\u00f6netilen cemaat vak\u0131flar\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131, okul y\u00f6neticileri yine TC vatanda\u015f\u0131 olan ve \u00fclkedeki t\u00fcm \u00f6\u011fretmenler ve okul idareciler kadar mevzuat\u0131 ve T\u00fcrk\u00e7eyi bilen ki\u015filerden olu\u015fan okullard\u0131r. Az\u0131nl\u0131k okullar\u0131 \u00f6zel okullar de\u011fillerdir, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc bu okullarda \u00f6\u011frenci ba\u015f\u0131na kay\u0131t \u00fccreti al\u0131nmaz. Okullar, ba\u011fl\u0131 bulunduklar\u0131 vak\u0131flar\u0131n ay\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 b\u00fct\u00e7e ve veli ba\u011f\u0131\u015flar\u0131yla ayakta durmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rlar. Ba\u011f\u0131\u015fta bulunamayan az\u0131nl\u0131k mensubu velilerin \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n\u0131n kay\u0131t taleplerinin geri \u00e7evrilmesi m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fildir.<\/p>\n

Bu farkl\u0131l\u0131klar nedeniyle az\u0131nl\u0131k okullar\u0131na dair ayr\u0131 bir kanun ve y\u00f6netmelik \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekirken okullar h\u00e2l\u00e2 5580 Say\u0131l\u0131 \u00d6zel \u00d6\u011fretim Kurumlar\u0131 Kanunu’na tabi tutulmakta ve yeni y\u00f6netmelikte de \u00f6zel okul muamelesi g\u00f6r\u00fcrken yabanc\u0131 okullarla birlikte an\u0131lmalar\u0131na devam edilmektedir (\u00d6rn. Md: 28: Yabanc\u0131 ve az\u0131nl\u0131k okullar\u0131nda g\u00f6revlendirme). Bu okullar \u00f6zel \u00f6\u011fretim kurumu muamelesi g\u00f6rd\u00fckleri i\u00e7in \u00f6zel okullar\u0131n uymakla y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fc olduklar\u0131 standartlar y\u00f6nergesine uymak zorunda kalmaktad\u0131r. Bu da az\u0131nl\u0131k okullar\u0131n\u0131n belirlenen kontenjan\u0131n \u00fczerinde \u00f6\u011frenci almalar\u0131na engel olmakta, ayr\u0131ca zorluklarla denkle\u015ftirilen b\u00fct\u00e7elerle ayakta durmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan az\u0131nl\u0131k okullar\u0131na b\u00fcy\u00fck k\u00fclfetler y\u00fcklemektedir.<\/p>\n

Az\u0131nl\u0131k okullar\u0131na dair ayr\u0131 bir kanun ve y\u00f6netmeli\u011fe ihtiya\u00e7 duyulmaktad\u0131r. \u0130lgili mevzuat haz\u0131rlan\u0131rken bu konuda az\u0131nl\u0131k okullar\u0131n\u0131n haz\u0131rlad\u0131klar\u0131 taslak metinlerin dikkate al\u0131nmas\u0131 ve diyalog yoluyla sorunlara kal\u0131c\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm getirecek bir mevzuat\u0131n haz\u0131rlanmas\u0131 \u00f6nerilmektedir. \u00d6zel okul olmayan bu okullar\u0131n t\u00fcm giderlerinin kar\u015f\u0131lanmas\u0131 i\u00e7in devlet b\u00fct\u00e7esinden pay ayr\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekmektedir.\u00a0<\/p>\n

YABANCI UYRUKLU \u00d6\u011eRENC\u0130LER\u0130N AZINLIK OKULLARINDA OKUMASI SORUNU \u00c7\u00d6Z\u00dcLMEM\u0130\u015eT\u0130R <\/strong><\/p>\n

Her ne kadar medyada T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyeti yurtta\u015f\u0131 olmayanlara az\u0131nl\u0131k okullar\u0131nda okuma hakk\u0131 tan\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131 yolunda haberler yer alsa da y\u00f6netmelikte yap\u0131lan de\u011fi\u015fiklik bu konuda var olan s\u0131n\u0131rlamay\u0131 ortadan kald\u0131rmamaktad\u0131r. Eski y\u00f6netmelikte yer alan \u201cBu okullarda, yaln\u0131z kendi az\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131na mensup T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyeti vatanda\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7ocuklar\u0131 okuyabilir,\u201d ifadesi\u00a0(Md: 53\/4) yeni y\u00f6netmelikte yer almamaktad\u0131r. Ancak 5580 Say\u0131l\u0131 \u00d6zel \u00d6\u011fretim Kurumlar\u0131 Kanunu\u2019nda bu s\u0131n\u0131rlama durmaktad\u0131r (Md: 5\/c\/1)\u00a0ve kanunda yer alan bir s\u0131n\u0131rlaman\u0131n y\u00f6netmelikle ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fildir. Yani Kanun de\u011fi\u015ftirilmedi\u011fi s\u00fcrece az\u0131nl\u0131k okullar\u0131nda sadece TC vatanda\u015f\u0131 olan ve ayn\u0131 az\u0131nl\u0131\u011fa mensup \u00e7ocuklar okuyabilecektir.<\/p>\n

Yabanc\u0131 uyruklu \u00f6\u011frencilerin az\u0131nl\u0131k okullar\u0131nda okumas\u0131 \u00f6zellikle Ermeni ve Rum az\u0131nl\u0131k okullar\u0131n\u0131 ilgilendirmektedir, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc \u0130stanbul\u2019da ya\u015fayan Yunanistan ve Ermenistan uyruklu \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n Rum ve Ermeni okullar\u0131nda\u00a0diploma alan \u00f6\u011frenciler olarak\u00a0okumalar\u0131 mevcut mevzuata g\u00f6re h\u00e2l\u00e2 m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fildir. Bu durum T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de bulunan Ermenistan ve Yunanistanl\u0131 \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n e\u011fitim hakk\u0131n\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131rlarken, \u00f6\u011frenci s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131 \u00e7eken ve kapanma tehlikesiyle kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya bulunan Rum okullar\u0131n\u0131n da daha fazla \u00f6\u011frenci edinmelerine engel te\u015fkil etmektedir.<\/p>\n

Bas\u0131nda Ermenistanl\u0131 \u00e7ocuklarla ilgili haberler nedeniyle g\u00fcndeme gelen \u2018misafir \u00f6\u011frencilik\u2019 konusunda yeni y\u00f6netmelik bir farkl\u0131l\u0131k getirmemektedir. Yeni y\u00f6netmelikte, \u00f6nceki y\u00f6netmelikte yer alan ifade tekrarlanm\u0131\u015f ve\u00a0\u00f6zel okullarda (az\u0131nl\u0131k okullar\u0131 dahil)\u00a0yabanc\u0131 uyruklu misafir \u00f6\u011frencilerin de \u00f6\u011frenim g\u00f6rebilece\u011fi, ancak bu \u00f6\u011frencilere diploma d\u00fczenlenemeyece\u011fi; okuldan ayr\u0131lanlara diploma yerine, g\u00f6rd\u00fckleri derslere ve ald\u0131klar\u0131 notlara ili\u015fkin okul y\u00f6netimince d\u00fczenlenen bir belgenin verilebilece\u011fi d\u00fczenlenmi\u015ftir (Md: 51\/5).\u00a0<\/p>\n

M\u00dcTEKAB\u0130L\u0130YET \u0130LKES\u0130 NEDEN\u0130YLE HAKLARIN SINIRLANMASI \u0130NSAN HAKLARI \u0130HLAL\u0130D\u0130R <\/strong><\/p>\n

Daha \u00f6nceki y\u00f6netmelikte oldu\u011fu gibi yeni y\u00f6netmelik de baz\u0131 az\u0131nl\u0131k okullar\u0131nda m\u00fctekabiliyet ilkesinin uygulanmas\u0131ndan s\u00f6z etmektedir (Md. 28\/2\/b; Md. 50\/2). Bu ilke yanl\u0131\u015f bir alanda ve \u00e7ok yanl\u0131\u015f bir bi\u00e7imde uygulanmaktad\u0131r.\u00a0M\u00fctekabiliyet ilkesi bilindi\u011fi \u00fczere bir \u00fclkede bulunan yabanc\u0131 uyruklular\u0131n baz\u0131 hak ve prosed\u00fcrlerden yararlanmalar\u0131 (\u00f6rne\u011fin m\u00fclk edinme ) konusunda ba\u015fvurulan bir ilkedir ve bir \u00fclkenin kendi yurtta\u015flar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 m\u00fctekabiliyet ilkesini kullanmas\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fildir. Bu \u00fclkenin yurtta\u015flar\u0131 olan az\u0131nl\u0131klar\u0131n kurdu\u011fu e\u011fitim kurumlar\u0131na ders materyali temini, \u00f6\u011fretmen atanmas\u0131 vb. konularda bu ilkenin uygulanmas\u0131 az\u0131nl\u0131klar\u0131n e\u011fitim haklar\u0131n\u0131 ihlal etmektedir, zira m\u00fctekabiliyet ilkesinin bu \u015fekilde uygulanmas\u0131 az\u0131nl\u0131klar\u0131 \u2018yabanc\u0131\u2019 durumuna d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrmekte, rencide etmekte ve onlar\u0131 uygulamada pek \u00e7ok b\u00fcrokratik ve siyasi sorunla ba\u015f etmek zorunda b\u0131rakmaktad\u0131r. \u00d6rne\u011fin T\u00fcrkiye ile Yunanistan aras\u0131nda imzalanan K\u00fclt\u00fcr Anla\u015fmas\u0131 \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde \u0130stanbul\u2019daki bir Rum okuluna ihtiya\u00e7 olmas\u0131 halinde Yunanistan\u2019dan ders materyali ve\/ya \u00f6\u011fretmen getirilebilmesi i\u00e7in, ayn\u0131 say\u0131da ders materyali veya \u00f6\u011fretmenin Bat\u0131 Trakya\u2019daki okullara g\u00f6nderilmesi gerekmekte;\u00a0bu ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmezse \u0130stanbul\u2019daki Rum okullar\u0131 \u00f6\u011fretmensiz veya materyalsiz kalmaktad\u0131r.\u00a0<\/p>\n

M\u00dcD\u00dcR BA\u015eYARDIMCISI POZ\u0130SYONU KALDIRILMALIDIR <\/strong><\/p>\n

1937 y\u0131l\u0131nda ba\u015flat\u0131lan, 1948-1949 y\u0131l\u0131nda son verilen ve 1962 y\u0131l\u0131nda yeniden ihdas edilen, daha \u00f6nce T\u00fcrk M\u00fcd\u00fcr Ba\u015fyard\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131 olarak, \u015fimdi ise M\u00fcd\u00fcr Ba\u015fyard\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131 olarak an\u0131lan pozisyon yeni y\u00f6netmelikte de yer almaktad\u0131r (Md. 28\/2\/a).\u00a0M\u00fcd\u00fcr Ba\u015fyard\u0131mc\u0131lar\u0131 MEB taraf\u0131ndan az\u0131nl\u0131k okullar\u0131na atanan ve okul y\u00f6netimini okullar\u0131n m\u00fcd\u00fcrleriyle payla\u015fan ki\u015filerdir. T\u00fcrk\u00e7eyi ve mevzuat\u0131 bu \u00fclkede ya\u015fayan herhangi bir okul idarecisi kadar bilen m\u00fcd\u00fcrler taraf\u0131ndan y\u00f6netilen az\u0131nl\u0131k okullar\u0131nda m\u00fcd\u00fcr ba\u015fyard\u0131mc\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n g\u00f6rev yapmas\u0131 ve \u2018az\u0131nl\u0131k okullar\u0131na g\u00f6z kulak olmas\u0131\u2019 az\u0131nl\u0131klar\u0131 rencide etmekte, y\u00f6netimde \u00e7ift ba\u015fl\u0131l\u0131\u011fa neden olmaktad\u0131r. Okullarda g\u00f6rev yapan T\u00fcrk\u00e7e ve K\u00fclt\u00fcr dersleri \u00f6\u011fretmenlerinin sicil amirleri halen m\u00fcd\u00fcr ba\u015fyard\u0131mc\u0131lar\u0131d\u0131rlar. Herhangi bir d\u0131\u015f yaz\u0131\u015fma ancak m\u00fcd\u00fcr ba\u015fyard\u0131mc\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n imzas\u0131yla yap\u0131labilmekte, az\u0131nl\u0131k okullar\u0131na kay\u0131t ba\u015fvurular\u0131n\u0131 az\u0131nl\u0131klar\u0131 tan\u0131mayan m\u00fcd\u00fcr ba\u015fyard\u0131mc\u0131lar\u0131 karara ba\u011flamaktad\u0131rlar. Yani bir \u00f6\u011frenci aday\u0131n\u0131n az\u0131nl\u0131k olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131na, dolay\u0131s\u0131yla az\u0131nl\u0131k okulunda okuma hakk\u0131n\u0131n olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131na m\u00fcd\u00fcr ba\u015fyard\u0131mc\u0131lar\u0131 karar vermektedir. Okul m\u00fcd\u00fcrleri izindeyken m\u00fcd\u00fcr ba\u015fyard\u0131mc\u0131lar\u0131 otomatik olarak m\u00fcd\u00fcrlere vekalet etmektedirler, ama m\u00fcd\u00fcr ba\u015fyard\u0131mc\u0131lar\u0131 izindeyken ancak T\u00fcrk\u00e7e ve K\u00fclt\u00fcr dersi \u00f6\u011fretmenlerinden biri m\u00fcd\u00fcr ba\u015fyard\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131na vekalet edebilmektedir.\u00a0<\/p>\n

T\u00dcRK\u00c7E VE K\u00dcLT\u00dcR DERSLER\u0130 \u00d6\u011eRETMENLER\u0130 <\/strong><\/p>\n

1955 y\u0131l\u0131nda kabul edilen 6581 Say\u0131l\u0131 Az\u0131nl\u0131k Okullar\u0131 T\u00fcrk\u00e7e ve T\u00fcrk\u00e7e K\u00fclt\u00fcr Dersleri \u00d6\u011fretmenleri Hakk\u0131nda Kanun h\u00fck\u00fcmlerine g\u00f6re T\u00fcrk\u00e7e ve T\u00fcrk\u00e7e K\u00fclt\u00fcr dersleri olarak an\u0131lan T\u00fcrk\u00e7e, T\u00fcrk Dili ve Edebiyat\u0131, Tarih, Co\u011frafya, \u0130nk\u0131lap Tarihi, Milli G\u00fcvenlik ve Sosyoloji derslerinin \u00f6\u011fretmenleri MEB taraf\u0131ndan atan\u0131r ve maa\u015flar\u0131 MEB taraf\u0131ndan \u00f6denir.\u00a0Yeni Y\u00f6netmeli\u011fin 28\/2\/1 maddesi, az\u0131nl\u0131k okullar\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131lara neden olan bu uygulamay\u0131 korumaktad\u0131r. Bu \u00f6\u011fretmenlerin birinci sicil ve disiplin amirleri m\u00fcd\u00fcr ba\u015fyard\u0131mc\u0131lar\u0131, ikinci sicil ve disiplin amirleri ise okul m\u00fcd\u00fcrleridir. Kadrolar\u0131 \u0130l Milli E\u011fitim M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc’ndedir,\u00a0dolay\u0131s\u0131yla bu \u00f6\u011fretmenler devlet memurudurlar. Okul i\u00e7i etkinlik ve meslek i\u00e7i e\u011fitim programlar\u0131na kat\u0131lma mecburiyetleri yoktur.\u00a0Eski Y\u00f6netmeli\u011fe g\u00f6re bu \u00f6\u011fretmenler 5 y\u0131ll\u0131\u011f\u0131na g\u00f6revlendirilmekte ve g\u00f6rev s\u00fcreleri (birden fazla kere) birer y\u0131l uzat\u0131labilmekteydi; yeni y\u00f6netmeli\u011fe g\u00f6re bu \u00f6\u011fretmenler 5 y\u0131l i\u00e7in g\u00f6revlendirilirler ve g\u00f6revleri valilik\u00e7e\u00a0ancak bir y\u0131l\u00a0daha uzat\u0131labilir.\u00a0\u00c7al\u0131\u015fma s\u00fcresi konusunda \u00f6nceki duruma g\u00f6re daha da geni\u015fletilen s\u0131n\u0131rlama az\u0131nl\u0131k okullar\u0131nda g\u00f6revine devam etmek isteyen ve az\u0131nl\u0131k okullar\u0131nca da g\u00f6revlerine devam etmeleri arzulanan \u00f6\u011fretmenlerin 5 y\u0131l sonra okuldan ayr\u0131lmalar\u0131na neden olacakt\u0131r. \u00d6\u011fretim y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n herhangi bir d\u00f6neminde okuldan ayr\u0131lan \u00f6\u011fretmenlerin yerine yenilerinin atanmas\u0131 zaman almaktad\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca bu derslere atanan \u00f6\u011fretmenler okul m\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn teklifi, valili\u011fin onay\u0131 ile atanmaktad\u0131r. Ama uygulamada okul m\u00fcd\u00fcrlerinin \u00f6nerileri her zaman dikkate al\u0131nmamaktad\u0131r. Az\u0131nl\u0131k okullar\u0131nda g\u00f6rev yapacak bu \u00f6\u011fretmenlerin do\u011frudan okullar taraf\u0131ndan belirlenerek i\u015fe al\u0131nmas\u0131 ve maa\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6denmesi konusunda devlet b\u00fct\u00e7esinden katk\u0131da bulunulmas\u0131 \u00f6nerilmektedir.<\/p>\n

Kaynak: Tarih Vakf\u0131, G\u00fcncelleme Tarihi: 11 Nisan 2012<\/em><\/p>\n

[1<\/strong>]\u00a0Mehmet \u00d6. Alkan,\u00a0Tanzimat\u2019tan Cumhuriyet\u2019e Modernle\u015fme S\u00fcrecinde E\u011fitim \u0130statistikleri, 1839-1924, Tarihi \u0130statistikler Dizisi, TC Ba\u015fbakanl\u0131k Devlet \u0130statistik Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc, Cilt 6, s. 104. Nurcan Kaya,\u00a0Unutmak m\u0131 Asimilasyon mu? T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin E\u011fitim Sisteminde Az\u0131nl\u0131klar, MRG, 2009, s. 8.<\/p>\n

[2<\/strong>]\u00a0Mehmet \u00d6. Alkan,\u00a0Tanzimat\u2019tan Cumhuriyet\u2019e Modernle\u015fme S\u00fcrecinde E\u011fitim \u0130statistikleri, 1839-1924, Tarihi \u0130statistikler Dizisi, TC Ba\u015fbakanl\u0131k Devlet \u0130statistik Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc, Cilt 6, s. 65,<\/em><\/p>\n

[3<\/strong>]\u00a0Mehmet \u00d6. Alkan,\u00a0Tanzimat\u2019tan Cumhuriyet\u2019e Modernle\u015fme S\u00fcrecinde E\u011fitim \u0130statistikleri, 1839 \u2013 1924, Tarihi \u0130statistikler Dizisi, TC Ba\u015fbakanl\u0131k Devlet \u0130statistik Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc,\u00a0Cilt 6, s. 171<\/em><\/p>\n

http:\/\/www.suryaniler.com\/suryani-tarihi.asp?id=860<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Tarih Vakf\u0131\u2019n\u0131n y\u00fcr\u00fctmekte oldu\u011fu Ge\u00e7mi\u015ften G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze Az\u0131nl\u0131k Okullar\u0131 Projesi kapsam\u0131nda 3 Nisan Sal\u0131 g\u00fcn\u00fc \u201cYeni \u00d6zel \u00d6\u011fretim Kurumlar\u0131 Y\u00f6netmeli\u011fi Az\u0131nl\u0131k Okullar\u0131n\u0131n Sorunlar\u0131n\u0131 \u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcyor mu?\u201d ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 bir bas\u0131n toplant\u0131s\u0131 d\u00fczenlendi. Toplant\u0131da 20 Mart’ta Resmi Gazete’de yay\u0131mlanan yeni y\u00f6netmeli\u011fin az\u0131nl\u0131k okullar\u0131n\u0131n k\u00f6kl\u00fc sorunlar\u0131na \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm getirip getirmedi\u011fi tart\u0131\u015f\u0131ld\u0131. Nurcan Kaya (Proje Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131s\u0131\/Rapor Yazar\u0131), Garo Paylan (Ye\u015filk\u00f6y Ermeni \u0130lk\u00f6\u011fretim […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":14238,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[14,65,42],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-14235","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-haberler","category-istanbul","category-turkiyede-azinliklar"],"yoast_head":"\nAz\u0131nl\u0131k Okullar\u0131n\u0131n Ge\u00e7mi\u015fi ve Sorunlar\u0131 - Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/akunq.net\/turkish\/2012\/04\/18\/azinlik-okullarinin-gecmisi-ve-sorunlari\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Az\u0131nl\u0131k Okullar\u0131n\u0131n Ge\u00e7mi\u015fi ve Sorunlar\u0131 - Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Tarih Vakf\u0131\u2019n\u0131n y\u00fcr\u00fctmekte oldu\u011fu Ge\u00e7mi\u015ften G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze Az\u0131nl\u0131k Okullar\u0131 Projesi kapsam\u0131nda 3 Nisan Sal\u0131 g\u00fcn\u00fc \u201cYeni \u00d6zel \u00d6\u011fretim Kurumlar\u0131 Y\u00f6netmeli\u011fi Az\u0131nl\u0131k Okullar\u0131n\u0131n Sorunlar\u0131n\u0131 \u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcyor mu?\u201d ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 bir bas\u0131n toplant\u0131s\u0131 d\u00fczenlendi. 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