{"id":84663,"date":"2025-11-14T00:28:50","date_gmt":"2025-11-14T05:28:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=84663"},"modified":"2025-11-14T00:28:50","modified_gmt":"2025-11-14T05:28:50","slug":"rifat-bali-varlik-vergisi-toplumsal-kiskancligin-yasalasmis-haliydi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=84663","title":{"rendered":"R\u0131fat Bali: Varl\u0131k Vergisi toplumsal k\u0131skan\u00e7l\u0131\u011f\u0131n yasala\u015fm\u0131\u015f h\u00e2liydi"},"content":{"rendered":"

Marta S\u00f6mek<\/strong><\/p>\n

83 y\u0131l \u00f6nce, Varl\u0131k Vergisi ad\u0131yla \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lan yasayla binlerce H\u0131ristiyan ve Musevi\u2019nin hayat\u0131, m\u00fclk\u00fc ve umudu elinden al\u0131nd\u0131. 83 y\u0131l \u00f6nce \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lan kanunu Agos\u2019a de\u011ferlendiren tarih\u00e7i ve yazar R\u0131fat Bali, \u201c\u0130kinci s\u0131n\u0131f vatanda\u015f olduklar\u0131 kanaatini per\u00e7inledi. Devletin yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 hatay\u0131 kabul edip \u00f6z\u00fcr dilemesi ve tazminde bulunmas\u0131 gerekir. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de bu yap\u0131lmad\u0131\u201d dedi.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

11 Kas\u0131m 1942 tarihinde Varl\u0131k Vergisi Kanunu, T\u00fcrkiye B\u00fcy\u00fck Millet Meclisi\u2019nde (TBMM) kabul edildi.<\/p>\n

Kanun kapsam\u0131nda H\u0131ristiyan ve Musevi topluluklar\u0131n \u00f6deyemeyecekleri bir vergi y\u00fck\u00fc getirildi. Bir\u00e7ok vatanda\u015f m\u00fclklerini satmak zorunda kald\u0131. D\u00f6nemin h\u00fck\u00fcmeti Varl\u0131k Vergisi kanununun resmi gerek\u00e7esini, \u201cola\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc sava\u015f ko\u015fullar\u0131n\u0131n yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131 y\u00fcksek k\u00e2rl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 vergilemek\u201d olarak sundu.<\/p>\n

Yasan\u0131n, jet h\u0131z\u0131yla CHP grubu ve Meclis\u2019ten ge\u00e7mesi, d\u00f6nemin Ba\u015fbakan\u0131 \u015e\u00fckr\u00fc Sara\u00e7o\u011flu\u2019nun \u00f6ncesinde gazetelerin yazarlar\u0131yla toplant\u0131 yapmas\u0131 ve kamuoyunu haz\u0131rlama emri vermesi, vergi miktarlar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6nceden tespit edildi\u011fini ortaya koyuyor.<\/p>\n

Kanun, Meclis\u2019te kabul edildikten bir g\u00fcn sonra 12 Kas\u0131m 1942\u2019de Resm\u00ee Gazete\u2019de yay\u0131nland\u0131.<\/p>\n

Sara\u00e7o\u011flu: T\u00fcrk piyasas\u0131n\u0131 T\u00fcrklerin eline verece\u011fiz<\/strong>
\nKanunla ilgili Ba\u015fbakan\u0131 \u015e\u00fckr\u00fc Sara\u00e7o\u011flu, parti grubunda yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 konu\u015fmada \u015funlar\u0131 s\u00f6yledi: \u201cBu kanun ayn\u0131 zamanda bir devrim kanunudur. Bize ekonomik ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 kazand\u0131racak bir f\u0131rsat kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nday\u0131z. Piyasam\u0131za egemen olan yabanc\u0131lar\u0131 b\u00f6ylece ortadan kald\u0131rarak, T\u00fcrk piyasas\u0131n\u0131 T\u00fcrklerin eline verece\u011fiz.\u201d<\/p>\n

Vergi listelerinin 15 g\u00fcn i\u00e7erisinde haz\u0131rlan\u0131p, vergi dairelerinde ask\u0131ya \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131larak tahsilata ge\u00e7ildi\u011fi ve yerine getiremeyen vatanda\u015flar\u0131n t\u00fcm m\u00fclklerinin haczedilerek hara\u00e7 mezat sat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 biliniyor. Ayr\u0131ca yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 sat\u0131\u015flar vergi borcunu kar\u015f\u0131layamayan vatanda\u015flar, A\u015fkale ve Sivrihisar gibi \u201c\u00e7al\u0131\u015fma kamplar\u0131na\u201d sevk edildi.<\/p>\n

\u0130lk s\u00fcrg\u00fcn kafilesi<\/strong>
\n\u0130lk kafilenin tamam\u0131 \u0130stanbullu H\u0131ristiyan ve Musevi topluluklardan olu\u015fuyordu. 17 ki\u015filik ilk s\u00fcrg\u00fcn kafilesi, 27 Ocak 1943\u2019te A\u015fkale\u2019ye do\u011fru yola \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131.<\/p>\n

Bu isimler \u015f\u00f6yleydi: \u0130stefan o\u011flu Ar\u015fak \u00c7uhac\u0131yan, \u0130stefan o\u011flu Mikael \u00c7uhac\u0131yan, \u0130sak o\u011flu Samuel Varon, Ar\u015fak o\u011flu Yermina Varon, Haracon o\u011flu Mihran Yarman, Vahan o\u011flu Garbis Baykar, Samuel o\u011flu Nehma Pesa, Marko o\u011flu Yosef Pazalto, Yakup o\u011flu \u015eekip Adut, Hayim o\u011flu Gat Franko, Ruben Alaluf, Gegork Artin Topalo\u011flu, Yasef o\u011flu Leon Franci, \u0130lya o\u011flu \u0130sak Sion, Artin o\u011flu Hamparsom Erkman, Leon Taranto T\u00fcrkaslan, Niko o\u011flu Yorgaki.<\/p>\n

1943 y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n \u015eubat ve Eyl\u00fcl aylar\u0131 aras\u0131nda da haciz ve sat\u0131\u015flar devam etti. Toplam bin 229 ki\u015fi A\u015fkale\u2019ye g\u00f6nderildi ve 21 ki\u015fi burada \u201cbor\u00e7lu olarak\u201d hayat\u0131n\u0131 kaybetti.<\/p>\n

Varl\u0131k Vergisi\u2019ni uygulayan b\u00fcrokratlar sonras\u0131nda \u00f6d\u00fcllendirildi ve \u00e7e\u015fitli mevkilere getirildi.<\/p>\n

\u0130lerleyen s\u00fcre\u00e7te, Varl\u0131k Vergisi d\u00fcnya bas\u0131n\u0131na yans\u0131d\u0131 ve art\u0131k gazetelerde yaz\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kmamas\u0131 \u00fczerine uzla\u015f\u0131ld\u0131. 1943\u2019\u00fcn Aral\u0131k ay\u0131n\u0131n ilk haftas\u0131nda, Eski\u015fehir Sivrihisar\u2019da serbest b\u0131rak\u0131lan vatanda\u015flar \u0130stanbul\u2019a ula\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n

17 Eyl\u00fcl 1943\u2019te ise TBMM topland\u0131. Burada Maliye Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131, Varl\u0131k Vergisi uygulanan vatanda\u015flar\u0131n bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131n tahsil edilememi\u015f olan bor\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 silmeye yetkili k\u0131l\u0131nd\u0131. Bu tarihten itibaren de Varl\u0131k Vergisi\u2019nin filli olarak tasfiyesi ba\u015flar. Kanun, 15 Mart 1944 tarihli TBMM oturumunda kald\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n

Tarihte hem ekonomik hem de varl\u0131k anlam\u0131nda kara bir leke olarak kalan kanunun 83\u2019\u00fcnc\u00fc y\u0131l\u0131nda, tarih\u00e7i ve yazar R\u0131fat Bali Agos\u2019a konu\u015ftu.<\/p>\n

Varl\u0131k Vergisi, H\u0131ristiyan ve Musevi topluluklar\u0131n bug\u00fcn\u00fcn\u00fc nas\u0131l etkiledi?<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u201c\u0130kinci s\u0131n\u0131f vatanda\u015f\u201d olduklar\u0131 kanaatini per\u00e7inledi, tekrarlanabilece\u011fi ve her an haks\u0131zl\u0131\u011fa ve ayr\u0131mc\u0131l\u0131\u011fa maruz kalabilecekleri endi\u015fesini yerle\u015ftirdi. Ayr\u0131ca verginin uyguland\u0131\u011f\u0131 tarihlerde, tarh etme \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcs\u00fc \u00e7o\u011fu zaman s\u00f6z konusu ki\u015filerin \u0130stanbul\u2019un nezih ve l\u00fcks yerlerinde (pastaneler, \u00e7ayhaneler, otel salonlar\u0131, restoranlar) g\u00f6r\u00fclmeleri neticesinde \u201czengin\u201d kabul edilip vergilenmeleri olmas\u0131, 1942-1943\u2019den sonraki y\u0131llarda gayrim\u00fcslimlerin bundan ders al\u0131p \u201cte\u015fhirci\u201d davranmalar\u0131n\u0131 engelledi. \u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc neticesi, gayrim\u00fcslim i\u015f insanlar\u0131n\u0131n servetlerini yurtd\u0131\u015f\u0131nda saklamalar\u0131 oldu.<\/p>\n

Varl\u0131k Vergisi\u2019nin \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lma amac\u0131 neydi ve sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 ne oldu?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Varl\u0131k Vergisi, y\u0131llar boyu i\u00e7ten i\u00e7e s\u00fcregelen toplumsal haset ve k\u0131skan\u00e7l\u0131\u011f\u0131n infilak etmesi idi. Sava\u015f \u015fartlar\u0131 alt\u0131nda karaborsa haberlerinin yo\u011fun bir \u015fekilde gazetelerde yer ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir ortamda, gayrim\u00fcslim ticaret erbab\u0131n\u0131n bu haberlerde s\u0131k s\u0131k yer almas\u0131 bu infilaka sebep oldu. \u201cYetti art\u0131k, yedi\u011finiz yetti, s\u0131ra bizde, art\u0131k bu kayma\u011f\u0131 sizler de\u011fil bizler yiyece\u011fiz\u201d d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesiyle hareket edildi ve olanlar oldu.<\/p>\n

Varl\u0131k Vergisi ar\u015fivlerine ula\u015f\u0131labiliyor mu?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ar\u015fivler kapal\u0131 de\u011fil. \u00c7ok say\u0131da belge ve bunlar\u0131 temel alan kitaplar da yay\u0131nland\u0131. Hen\u00fcz yay\u0131nlanmayanlar, Maliye Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n haz\u0131rlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 vergi tarh edilen m\u00fckellefler ile A\u015fkale\u2019ye g\u00f6nderilen m\u00fckelleflerin listeleri.<\/p>\n

Ya\u015fanan bu olay\u0131n d\u00fcnyada bir \u00f6rne\u011fi bulunuyor mu?<\/strong><\/p>\n

B\u00fct\u00fcn d\u00fcnyada bu t\u00fcr ayr\u0131mc\u0131l\u0131k uygulamalar\u0131na rastlan\u0131r. \u00d6nemli olan devletin yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 hatay\u0131 kabul edip \u00f6z\u00fcr dilemesi ve tazminde bulunmas\u0131. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de bu yap\u0131lmad\u0131.<\/p>\n

\n

Agos<\/a>\u00a0<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Marta S\u00f6mek 83 y\u0131l \u00f6nce, Varl\u0131k Vergisi ad\u0131yla \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lan yasayla binlerce H\u0131ristiyan ve Musevi\u2019nin hayat\u0131, m\u00fclk\u00fc ve umudu elinden al\u0131nd\u0131. 83 y\u0131l \u00f6nce \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lan kanunu Agos\u2019a de\u011ferlendiren tarih\u00e7i ve yazar R\u0131fat Bali, \u201c\u0130kinci s\u0131n\u0131f vatanda\u015f olduklar\u0131 kanaatini per\u00e7inledi. Devletin yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 hatay\u0131 kabul edip \u00f6z\u00fcr dilemesi ve tazminde bulunmas\u0131 gerekir. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de bu yap\u0131lmad\u0131\u201d dedi. 11 Kas\u0131m […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":84664,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1,71,20,92],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-84663","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-haberler","category-mulakatlar","category-tarih-sayfalari","category-turkiyede-azinliklar"],"yoast_head":"\nR\u0131fat Bali: Varl\u0131k Vergisi toplumsal k\u0131skan\u00e7l\u0131\u011f\u0131n yasala\u015fm\u0131\u015f h\u00e2liydi - Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=84663\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"R\u0131fat Bali: Varl\u0131k Vergisi toplumsal k\u0131skan\u00e7l\u0131\u011f\u0131n yasala\u015fm\u0131\u015f h\u00e2liydi - Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Marta S\u00f6mek 83 y\u0131l \u00f6nce, Varl\u0131k Vergisi ad\u0131yla \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lan yasayla binlerce H\u0131ristiyan ve Musevi\u2019nin hayat\u0131, m\u00fclk\u00fc ve umudu elinden al\u0131nd\u0131. 83 y\u0131l \u00f6nce \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lan kanunu Agos\u2019a de\u011ferlendiren tarih\u00e7i ve yazar R\u0131fat Bali, \u201c\u0130kinci s\u0131n\u0131f vatanda\u015f olduklar\u0131 kanaatini per\u00e7inledi. 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Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=84663","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"R\u0131fat Bali: Varl\u0131k Vergisi toplumsal k\u0131skan\u00e7l\u0131\u011f\u0131n yasala\u015fm\u0131\u015f h\u00e2liydi - Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi","og_description":"Marta S\u00f6mek 83 y\u0131l \u00f6nce, Varl\u0131k Vergisi ad\u0131yla \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lan yasayla binlerce H\u0131ristiyan ve Musevi\u2019nin hayat\u0131, m\u00fclk\u00fc ve umudu elinden al\u0131nd\u0131. 83 y\u0131l \u00f6nce \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lan kanunu Agos\u2019a de\u011ferlendiren tarih\u00e7i ve yazar R\u0131fat Bali, \u201c\u0130kinci s\u0131n\u0131f vatanda\u015f olduklar\u0131 kanaatini per\u00e7inledi. Devletin yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 hatay\u0131 kabul edip \u00f6z\u00fcr dilemesi ve tazminde bulunmas\u0131 gerekir. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de bu yap\u0131lmad\u0131\u201d dedi. 11 Kas\u0131m […]","og_url":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=84663","og_site_name":"Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi","article_published_time":"2025-11-14T05:28:50+00:00","og_image":[{"width":1200,"height":675,"url":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/6\/2025\/11\/Varlik-Vergisi.jpeg","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"author":"admin","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"admin","Est. reading time":"4 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=84663#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=84663"},"author":{"name":"admin","@id":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/#\/schema\/person\/096f1d38a12cce57fb855b485ed24c9e"},"headline":"R\u0131fat Bali: Varl\u0131k Vergisi toplumsal k\u0131skan\u00e7l\u0131\u011f\u0131n yasala\u015fm\u0131\u015f h\u00e2liydi","datePublished":"2025-11-14T05:28:50+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=84663"},"wordCount":948,"commentCount":0,"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=84663#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/6\/2025\/11\/Varlik-Vergisi.jpeg","articleSection":["Haberler","M\u00fclakatlar","Tarih Sayfalar\u0131","T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de Az\u0131nl\u0131klar"],"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"CommentAction","name":"Comment","target":["https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=84663#respond"]}]},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=84663","url":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=84663","name":"R\u0131fat Bali: Varl\u0131k Vergisi toplumsal k\u0131skan\u00e7l\u0131\u011f\u0131n yasala\u015fm\u0131\u015f h\u00e2liydi - 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