{"id":83503,"date":"2025-06-05T01:56:16","date_gmt":"2025-06-05T06:56:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=83503"},"modified":"2025-06-05T01:56:16","modified_gmt":"2025-06-05T06:56:16","slug":"talat-gokalp-ve-ataturk-kurulus-doneminin-uc-babasi-olarak-gorulebilir","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=83503","title":{"rendered":"“Talat, G\u00f6kalp ve Atat\u00fcrk, kurulu\u015f d\u00f6neminin \u00fc\u00e7 ‘baba’s\u0131 olarak g\u00f6r\u00fclebilir””"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Ferda Balancar<\/a><\/span> <\/span><\/strong><\/div>\n
Tarih\u00e7i Hans-Lukas Kieser\u2019in \u2018Talat Pa\u015fa: \u0130ttihat\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n Beyni ve Soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131n Mimar\u0131\u2019 ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 kitab\u0131 \u0130leti\u015fim Yay\u0131nlar\u0131\u2019ndan \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. Kieser ile Talat Pa\u015fa\u2019n\u0131n hayat\u0131 ekseninde 1908\u2019den g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin yak\u0131n tarihini konu\u015ftuk.<\/span><\/strong><\/em><\/div>\n
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\u00d6nce kitab\u0131n ad\u0131ndan ba\u015flayal\u0131m. Kitab\u0131n \u0130ngilizce bask\u0131s\u0131nda alt ba\u015fl\u0131k olarak, \u2018Father of Modern Turkey\u2019 ifadesi kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015f. Neden Talat Pa\u015fa\u2019n\u0131n \u2018Modern T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin babas\u0131\u2019 oldu\u011funu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyorsunuz?<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0130ttihat ve Terakki Cemiyeti\u2019nin (\u0130TC) ak\u0131l hocas\u0131 Ziya G\u00f6kalp, 1915 yaz\u0131nda \u0130TC lideri ve naz\u0131r Talat i\u00e7in yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 lirik \u015fiirinde\u00a0 \u201cSen, olmasan \u00f6ks\u00fcz kal\u0131r bu millet,\u201d diyerek onu ulusun babas\u0131 ilan eder. Osmanl\u0131\u2019n\u0131n son on y\u0131ll\u0131k d\u00f6neminde, \u00f6zelikle de diktat\u00f6r \u0130TC parti-devleti zaman\u0131nda (1913-18), Talat \u015f\u00fcphesiz en \u00f6nemli politikac\u0131yd\u0131. Bu d\u00f6nemde, Talat partideki yak\u0131n arkada\u015f\u0131 G\u00f6kalp\u2019in yeni tan\u0131mlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 modern ama h\u00e2l\u00e2 imparatorlu\u011fa \u00f6zg\u00fc M\u00fcsl\u00fcman \u2013 T\u00fcrk ulusu tan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 tamamen benimsemi\u015f ve uygulamaya ge\u00e7irmi\u015ftir. 1913-14\u2019\u00fcn \u00fc\u00e7ler erkinden daha \u00f6nemlisi Talat-G\u00f6kalp e\u015f y\u00f6neticili\u011fiydi; yani siyasi uygulay\u0131c\u0131 ve ideolojik ak\u0131l hocas\u0131ndan olu\u015fan bi\u00e7imlendirici sinerjiydi.<\/p>\n

1908 Devriminin anayasal tan\u0131m\u0131 ve anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n aksine, G\u00f6kalp\u2019in fikirleri korporatist ve etnik-dinsel bak\u0131mdan tarafl\u0131yd\u0131. Bu \u015fekliyle, bu anlay\u0131\u015f Osmanl\u0131 sonras\u0131 T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de de ge\u00e7erliydi. Bu anlay\u0131\u015f, demokratik ve \u00fclkedeki b\u00fct\u00fcn yerli \u00e7\u0131kar gruplar\u0131n aras\u0131nda tart\u0131\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015f modern e\u015fitlik\u00e7i sosyal mutabakat\u0131 reddederken, M\u00fcsl\u00fcman-T\u00fcrk e\u015fitli\u011fi \u2018esas\u2019\u0131na dayanmaktayd\u0131. Protofa\u015fist bu anlay\u0131\u015f tek lider y\u00f6netiminde, otoriter ve \u00fcniter merkezi devlet ile yan yana yer almakta ve liderlik ile T\u00fcrkl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc kahramanla\u015ft\u0131rmaktad\u0131r. Bireylerin, hayatlar\u0131n\u0131 \u2018ideal\u2019 u\u011fruna feda etmeleri haricinde fazla \u00f6nemi yoktur.<\/p>\n

1913-18\u2019deki bu siyasi kaideler do\u011frultusunda, Naz\u0131r Talat, partideki e\u015f-g\u00f6revliler ve onlar\u0131n tek parti rejimi 1915\u2019ten itibaren Soyk\u0131r\u0131m da dahil demografik m\u00fchendisli\u011fin mimar\u0131 oldular. Bu yok edici m\u00fchendislik demografik, ekonomik, siyasi ve k\u00fclt\u00fcrel anlamda Anadolu\u2019nun sadece M\u00fcsl\u00fcman T\u00fcrkler i\u00e7in bir \u00fclke olmas\u0131na ve onlarla tan\u0131mlanmas\u0131na hizmet etti. Talat ve arkada\u015flar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan belirlenen bu m\u00fchendislik, \u0130mparatorlu\u011fun Birinci D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131\u2019ndaki (1914-18) yenilgisinden sonra, Kemalistlerin ve Kemal Atat\u00fcrk\u2019\u00fcn Anadolu\u2019da T\u00fcrkiye\u2019yi \u00fcniter bir ulus-devlet olarak kurmas\u0131nda da belirleyici temeldi. Atat\u00fcrk, Talat\u2019\u0131n do\u011frudan siyasi varisiydi.<\/p>\n

B\u00fcy\u00fck oranda eski \u0130TC kadrolar\u0131ndan, \u00f6zellikle de Talat taraf\u0131ndan e\u011fitilen ve ona yak\u0131n ki\u015filerden olu\u015fan milliyet\u00e7i hareket Ankara\u2019dan merkezi idare ve hegemonyay\u0131 yeniden in\u015fa etti. Kemalizm yine b\u00fcy\u00fck oranda Talat\u2019\u0131n yak\u0131n arkada\u015f\u0131 olan ve Mustafa Kemal\u2019in \u201cge\u00e7 ama g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir \u015fekilde \u0131s\u0131nd\u0131\u201d\u011f\u0131 (Falih R\u0131fk\u0131 Atay\u2019\u0131n \u2018\u00c7ankaya\u2019da yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi) Ziya G\u00f6kalp\u2019ten ilham alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. G\u00f6kalp\u2019i \u2018fikirlerimin babas\u0131\u2019 diyerek kabul etmi\u015fti.<\/p>\n

Atat\u00fcrk ve Talat, 1918\u2019den \u00f6nce de birbirlerini iyi tan\u0131yorlard\u0131. 1918\u2019den sonra, Kemal Pa\u015fa Ankara\u2019dan, Talat Pa\u015fa da s\u00fcrg\u00fcnde oldu\u011fu Berlin\u2019den, ortak milliyet\u00e7i ama\u00e7lar\u0131nda i\u015fbirli\u011fi yapt\u0131lar. Talat Pa\u015fa Berlin\u2019de ba\u015fka gruplar yan\u0131nda, ilk zamanlar Bol\u015feviklerle de kritik ba\u011flant\u0131lar kurulmas\u0131na katk\u0131da bulunmu\u015ftu.<\/p>\n

Hepsinden \u00f6nemlisi, kitab\u0131mda \u2018tek baba\u2019 de\u011fil, sadece \u2018baba\u2019 yazar. Bu \u015fu anlama gelir: Hem Atat\u00fcrk hem Talat, di\u011fer pek \u00e7ok e\u015f g\u00f6revli ile birlikte, Osmanl\u0131 sonras\u0131 milliyet\u00e7i T\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye \u2018baba\u2019 olmu\u015flard\u0131r. Her ne kadar onlarca y\u0131l birincisi \u2018ebedi lider\u2019in arkas\u0131nda sakl\u0131 da kalsa, ikisi de T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin kurucular\u0131ndand\u0131r \u2013 \u00fcstelik bunun sebebi \u00f6zellikle Talat\u2019\u0131n isminin soyk\u0131r\u0131mla s\u0131k\u0131 s\u0131k\u0131ya ba\u011fl\u0131 oldu\u011fu i\u00e7indir. Son tahlilde, siyasi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce tarihini de i\u00e7ine alarak, 1910\u2019lardan 1930\u2019lara kadar devam eden kurulu\u015f d\u00f6neminin tamam\u0131nda bakarsak, en do\u011frusu Talat, Ziya G\u00f6kalp ve Kemal Atat\u00fcrk\u2019ten olu\u015fan bi\u00e7imlendirici \u2018\u00fc\u00e7 baba\u2019dan bahsetmektir.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/div>\n

1913\u2019\u00fcn hem Osmanl\u0131\u2019n\u0131n son d\u00f6nemi i\u00e7in hem de Modern T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin kurulu\u015fu a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli bir tarih oldu\u011funu belirtiyorsunuz? Neden 1913 hem Osmanl\u0131 hem de T\u00fcrkiye tarihi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan bu kadar \u00f6nemli bir tarih?\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

1913 y\u0131l\u0131 Ocak\u2019ta ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 bir sivil darbeden sonra, son derece bask\u0131c\u0131 ve sava\u015f yanl\u0131s\u0131 \u0130TC tek-parti y\u00f6netimi ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131 ve \u2013 demokratik a\u00e7\u0131dan \u00e7ok talihsiz bir \u015fekilde – T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin ulusal kurtulu\u015funun modern anlat\u0131s\u0131 ba\u015flad\u0131. Her ne kadar Kemalistler elbette en \u00e7ok 1919\u2019dan 1923\u2019e kadar s\u00fcren ulusal ba\u015far\u0131y\u0131 \u00fcst\u00fcne basa basa \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131karsalar da, 1913\u2019te \u0130TC rejiminin Edirne\u2019yi kurtarmas\u0131 ve 1915\u2019te Gelibolu\u2019daki zafer kurumsalla\u015fm\u0131\u015f toplumsal tarihin \u00f6nemli olaylar\u0131ndan olmaya devam ediyor.
\nTalat\u2019\u0131n ve \u0130TC\u2019nin hem G\u00f6kalp\u00e7i hem de otoriter d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fc 1913\u2019ten k\u0131sa s\u00fcre \u00f6nce ba\u015flad\u0131. Kitapta ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 olarak anlat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi, Temmuz 1912\u2019deki liberal-tutucu darbenin ge\u00e7ici ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 Talat\u2019\u0131n ve \u0130TC\u2019nin tutumu 1913\u2019te olacaklara giden yolu belirledi. Bunun i\u00e7inde Eyl\u00fcl 1912\u2019den itibaren \u00f6zellikle sava\u015f yanl\u0131s\u0131 tutumun benimsenmesi de vard\u0131. Sava\u015f \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131, \u2018vatanperver\u2019 hislerin ve k\u0131rg\u0131nl\u0131klar\u0131n tahrik edilmesi, ho\u015fg\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fc liberallere kar\u015f\u0131 yeniden g\u00fcc\u00fcn ele ge\u00e7irilmesi ve diktat\u00f6rl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn kurulmas\u0131 i\u00e7in siyasi bir ara\u00e7 olarak kullan\u0131ld\u0131.
\nKrikor Zohrab\u2019\u0131n g\u00fcnl\u00fcklerinde Aral\u0131k 1913 ve 1914 Ocak ay\u0131 ba\u015f\u0131nda ac\u0131 i\u00e7inde dile getirdi\u011fi gibi,\u00a0 ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmaz ancak mant\u0131kl\u0131 olarak, 1913 \u0130TC ve Ermeni Devrimci Federasyonu (EDF) ile di\u011fer Osmanl\u0131-Ermeni liderlerinin de neredeyse tamamen birbirinden koptuklar\u0131 y\u0131ld\u0131. Do\u011fu illerinin y\u00f6netiminde daha demokratik, e\u015fit ve kapsay\u0131c\u0131 kat\u0131l\u0131m\u0131n olmas\u0131 i\u00e7in uluslararas\u0131 anlamda denetlenen reformlar \u2013 biraz yan\u0131lt\u0131c\u0131 olarak \u2018Ermeni reformlar\u0131\u2019 olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r \u2013 Talat ve \u00e7evresinde oldu\u011fu kadar Do\u011fu Anadolu\u2019daki pek \u00e7ok b\u00f6lgedeki a\u011falarda da \u00f6fke uyand\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Talat\u2019\u0131n i\u015fbirlik\u00e7ilerinden Hamit Kapanc\u0131z\u00e2de\u2019nin an\u0131lar\u0131nda a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a belirtti\u011fi gibi, \u00fclkenin etkin reformlara acil ihtiyac\u0131 olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen, hepsi Ermenilerin reformlar\u0131n uluslararas\u0131 g\u00f6zlemcilerce kontrol edilmesinde \u0131srarl\u0131 olmalar\u0131na sinirlenmi\u015flerdi.<\/p>\n

Kitab\u0131n\u0131z bana son y\u0131llarda T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de de \u00e7ok kullan\u0131lan \u2018mahalle bask\u0131s\u0131\u2019 kavram\u0131n\u0131n 1908 sonras\u0131 \u0130ttihat\u00e7\u0131lar taraf\u0131ndan kullan\u0131lan bir kavram oldu\u011funu hat\u0131rlatt\u0131. Talat Pa\u015fa ve \u0130ttihat Terakki y\u00f6netiminin \u2018Ermeni meselesinin hallolmas\u0131\u2019 konusunda ciddi bir \u2018mahalle bask\u0131s\u0131\u2019yla kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya kald\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yleyebilir misiniz?<\/strong>
\n\u2018Mahalle bask\u0131s\u0131\u2019, ge\u00e7-Osmanl\u0131\u2019daki toplu ve halka a\u00e7\u0131k \u015fiddet olaylar\u0131n\u0131n hemen hepsinde \u00f6nemli bir rol oynam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. B\u00fcy\u00fck oranda S\u00fcnni failler taraf\u0131ndan i\u015flenen bu \u015fiddet neredeyse her zaman merkezi y\u00f6neticilerin emirleri ve belirledi\u011fi s\u0131n\u0131rlara ba\u011fl\u0131 olup onlarla etkile\u015fim i\u00e7indeydi. Pogromlar halk\u0131n dikkatini siyasi ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131zl\u0131klar ve gerginlikten uza\u011fa \u00e7ekti, ya\u011fmac\u0131lar\u0131 zenginle\u015ftirdi ve bir s\u00fcre toplumsal hasedi yat\u0131\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131.<\/p>\n

B\u00f6ylece, Sultan II. Abd\u00fclhamit\u2019in saray h\u00fck\u00fcmeti 1890\u2019larda Ermenilere kar\u015f\u0131 i\u015flenen b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00e7apl\u0131 katliamlara g\u00f6z yumdu. \u00d6zellikle Do\u011fu b\u00f6lgelerinde, \u2018mahalle bask\u0131s\u0131\u2019 de\u011filse bile, kesinlikle \u00f6nemli a\u011falar ve kentlerdeki ileri gelenler \u2018Ermeni reformlar\u0131\u2019ndan, Ermeni rakiplerinden ve sonunda da Ermenilerden kurtulmalar\u0131 i\u00e7in merkeze bask\u0131 yapt\u0131lar. Onlar\u0131 harekete ge\u00e7iren hem maddi hem de siyasi nedenlerdi; yani denetimsiz ve kimselerle payla\u015fmad\u0131klar\u0131 g\u00fcc\u00fc kurmak ve devam ettirmekti.<\/p>\n

Ne var ki, soyk\u0131r\u0131m sadece \u2018mahalle bask\u0131s\u0131\u2019 ile yap\u0131lamaz. Soyk\u0131r\u0131m i\u00e7in merkezi h\u00fck\u00fcmetin beyni, ara\u00e7lar\u0131 ve \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcs\u00fcz vicdans\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131na da ihtiya\u00e7 vard\u0131r. Di\u011fer bir deyi\u015fle, bunun i\u00e7in Talat gibi tek-parti lideri, emsalsiz ve kapsaml\u0131 bir imhan\u0131n \u2018mimar\u2019\u0131 gereklidir. Somut emirler vermediyse bile, ki genellikle vermi\u015ftir, en az\u0131ndan soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131n genel \u00e7er\u00e7evesini ve soyk\u0131r\u0131m i\u00e7in zemini haz\u0131rlam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u00dcmit Kurt\u2019un Antep \u00f6rne\u011finde g\u00f6sterdi\u011fi gibi, \u00e7e\u015fitli kereler Talat, \u2018mahalle bask\u0131s\u0131\u2019na cevaben emirler vermi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

\"Hans<\/div>\n
Hans Lukas Kieser<\/span><\/em><\/div>\n

\u0130ttihat\u00e7\u0131 kadrolarla Cumhuriyetin kurucu kadrolar\u0131 ve Mustafa Kemal Atat\u00fcrk ile ili\u015fkileri ba\u011flam\u0131nda 1926\u2019daki \u0130zmir Suikast\u0131 Davas\u0131\u2019n\u0131 ve Doktor Naz\u0131m ve Cavid Bey gibi iki \u00f6nemli \u0130ttihat\u00e7\u0131n\u0131n idam edilmesini nas\u0131l de\u011ferlendiriyorsunuz?<\/strong>
\nMustafa Kemal ve Kemalistlerin \u00e7o\u011fu \u0130TC k\u00f6kenli olsalar da \u0130TC y\u00f6neticileri ile ters d\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015flerdi. Kemal ve Kemalistler, D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131\u2019ndaki yenilgiyi ve k\u00f6t\u00fc y\u00f6netimi temsil eden Enver Pa\u015fa gibi insanlardan ho\u015flanm\u0131yor hatta nefret ediyorlard\u0131. Ne var ki genellikle Talat\u2019a sayg\u0131 duyuyorlar ve onu ele\u015ftirmekten imtina ediyorlard\u0131. Atat\u00fcrk kendisiyle e\u015fit seviyedeki rakiplerden \u00e7ekinirdi, ancak siyasi ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n \u201cTalat\u2019\u0131n omuzlar\u0131 \u00fczerinde y\u00fckseldi\u011fini\u201d biliyordu ve hatta bunu daha sonra belirtmi\u015fti.<\/p>\n

Kemalistler \u0130TC miras\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131 olduklar\u0131n\u0131 beyan etmek istemediler. Bunu istememelerinin nedeni sadece bencilce bir kibir ve 1919\u2019dan sonra tamamen yeni bir \u015fey ba\u015fard\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 iddia etmek i\u00e7in de\u011fildi. Ayn\u0131 zamanda e\u011fer eski \u0130TC\u2019liler olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcrlerse, \u00e7a\u011fda\u015f Avrupa g\u00f6z\u00fcnde itibarlar\u0131n\u0131n sars\u0131lma riskine de gireceklerdi; Lozan Konferans\u0131\u2019na kadar devam eden m\u00fczakerelerde elleri zay\u0131flayacakt\u0131.<\/p>\n

1923\u2019te Lozan\u2019da uluslararas\u0131 siyasi onay\u0131n ard\u0131ndan, belli belirsiz bir s\u00f6z verilmi\u015f de olsa, Ankara adalette modern standartlar\u0131n uygulanmas\u0131, muhalefet partisi kurmay\u0131 da i\u00e7eren daha demokratik siyasetin olu\u015fmas\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00e7aba g\u00f6sterdi. Yeni ve g\u00f6rece \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck\u00e7\u00fc Terakkiperver Cumhuriyet F\u0131rkas\u0131 kuruldu, ne var ki varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 alt\u0131 ay s\u00fcrd\u00fcren f\u0131rkay\u0131 Kemal kapatt\u0131rd\u0131.\u00a0 Yeni kurulan cumhuriyet s\u00fcratle ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131 bir adalet sistemine sahip lider-merkezli parti devletine evrildi. \u2018\u0130zmir Komplosu\u2019ndan ve onu takiben Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 ger\u00e7ek suikast\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n yarg\u0131lanmas\u0131ndan hemen sonra gelen 1926 Ankara Davas\u0131, ne yaz\u0131k ki bundan b\u00f6yle diktat\u00f6rl\u00fck rejiminin hukuki ve ahlaki d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015f seviyesini g\u00f6sterir. Bu davada y\u00f6neticiler, muhalifleri y\u0131ld\u0131rma ve \u00f6ld\u00fcrme f\u0131rsat\u0131n\u0131 buldu. Bu uydurma dava, neredeyse \u015fans eseri, I. D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131\u2019ndan sonra Osmanl\u0131 Mahkemesi\u2019nin g\u0131yab\u0131nda \u00f6l\u00fcme mahk\u00fbm etti\u011fi Dr. Naz\u0131m gibi bir soyk\u0131r\u0131m failinin de idam\u0131na yol a\u00e7t\u0131. Ne var ki, 1926\u2019da Ankara\u2019n\u0131n soyk\u0131r\u0131mla ilgili olarak ge\u00e7 kalm\u0131\u015f bir i\u00e7 denetim, vicdan muhasebesi ve ger\u00e7e\u011fi arama gibi bir niyeti olmad\u0131.<\/p>\n

Cavid Bey bu durumu en iyi anlatan \u00f6rnektir. Cavid\u2019in ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131ran, onun g\u00fcnl\u00fcklerini, mektuplar\u0131n\u0131 ve yaz\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131 okuyan herkes onun, her ne kadar tarihi de\u011ferlendirmelerinde sesini y\u00fckseltecek cesarete ve tutarl\u0131l\u0131\u011fa \u00e7o\u011fu kez sahip olmasa da, zaman zaman ahlaki \u015f\u00fcpheleri olan istisna ve tek \u0130TC y\u00f6neticisi oldu\u011funu bilir. Cavid, \u0130TC\u2019nin sava\u015f \u00e7\u0131\u011f\u0131rtkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan nefret ediyordu. Bu nedenle, 1914 sonbahar\u0131ndaki sava\u015f kar\u015f\u0131t\u0131 tutumu nedeniyle Dr. Naz\u0131m onu tehdit etmi\u015f ve onu \u2018Yahudi Davut\u2019 diyerek a\u015fa\u011f\u0131lam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Cavid 1915\u2019te olanlara \u00e7ok \u00f6fkelenmi\u015f, g\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde bunun \u201cb\u00fct\u00fcn bir (Ermeni) halk\u0131n k\u0131r\u0131m\u0131\u201d oldu\u011funu yazm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Cavid \u0130TC\u2019liler ve Kemalistler aras\u0131ndaki m\u00fcfrit nasyonalizm ve \u015fovenizmden ho\u015flanmazd\u0131. Lozan Konferans\u0131\u2019nda Ankara\u2019n\u0131n delegelerine mali konularda dan\u0131\u015fmanl\u0131k yapm\u0131\u015f, ancak \u0130smet Pa\u015fa ve ana delegasyonla anla\u015famam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Emsalsiz, parlak ve ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnen bir zihinden kurtulmak i\u00e7in 1926\u2019da Cavid\u2019i \u00f6ld\u00fcrd\u00fcklerini s\u00f6ylemek ac\u0131 ama yerinde olur. Pek \u00e7oklar\u0131n\u0131n aksine, Cavid kozmopolit bir anlay\u0131\u015fa sahipti ve her ne kadar kendisi de bir \u0130TC vatanseveri olsa da G\u00f6kalp\u00e7i nasyonalizmden uzakt\u0131.<\/p>\n

Kitab\u0131n sonu\u00e7 b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnde g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz T\u00fcrkiye\u2019si ile ilgili olarak \u201c2010\u2019larda T\u00fcrkiye post-Kemalist bir \u00fclke haline geldi\u201d diyorsunuz. AKP ile \u0130ttihat Terakki aras\u0131ndaki benzerlikler ve s\u00fcreklilik T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de de zaman zaman siyasi tarih\u00e7iler ve sosyologlar aras\u0131nda tart\u0131\u015fma konusu oluyor. Sizin deyiminizle \u2018post-Kemalist T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de bir iktidar partisi olarak AKP\u2019yi nas\u0131l de\u011ferlendiriyorsunuz?<\/strong>
\n2010\u2019lar\u0131n AKP\u2019si, Kemalizmin iddial\u0131 laikli\u011fine a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a s\u0131rt\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7evirdi. Pek \u00e7ok a\u00e7\u0131dan, G\u00f6kalp\u2019in imparatorluk odakl\u0131, 1910\u2019lar\u0131n aleni M\u00fcsl\u00fcman T\u00fcrk milliyet\u00e7ili\u011fine geri d\u00f6nd\u00fc. AKP\u2019nin son zamanlardaki sava\u015f ve geni\u015fleme meyli de bu mirasla aray\u0131 kapatmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u0130TC\u2019nin tersine AKP her zaman Sultan Halife II. Abd\u00fclhamit\u2019e b\u00fcy\u00fck sevgi beslemi\u015ftir. Ne var ki bu terslik g\u00f6recelidir \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc \u0130TC\u2019nin Hamit kar\u015f\u0131t\u0131 duru\u015fu daha \u00e7ok iktidar\u0131 elde etmeden \u00f6nce, hemen 1908 sonras\u0131na ve hen\u00fcz yeralt\u0131 \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fc olduklar\u0131 zamana aittir. 2000\u2019lerin ba\u015flar\u0131nda hen\u00fcz umut vaat eden ilk y\u0131llar\u0131ndan sonra AKP de, ayn\u0131 1908 sonras\u0131 \u0130TC\u2019de oldu\u011fu gibi, 1910\u2019lar\u0131n \u0130TC\u2019sindeki bask\u0131c\u0131, himayeci ve nepotist \u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcleri s\u00fcrd\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

Demokratik a\u00e7\u0131dan bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, \u00e7ok talihsiz bir \u015fekilde, bir kere daha, bug\u00fcn bu \u0130TC T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin bi\u00e7imlendirici ve paradigmatik siyasi partisidir. Ankara hi\u00e7bir zaman kendini miras ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 fikirlerden tamamen kurtaramad\u0131 veya kurtarmak istemedi \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc kendini sadece ulusal kurtulu\u015f hik\u00e2yesine kaz\u0131nan \u0130TC ba\u015far\u0131lar\u0131yla \u00f6zde\u015fle\u015ftirmekle kalmad\u0131, ayn\u0131 zamanda Kemalistler de Anadolu\u2019daki \u0130TC politikalar\u0131n\u0131n sonu\u00e7lar\u0131nda \u0131srar ettiler ve fikirlerini bu sonu\u00e7lar \u00fczerine in\u015fa ettiler. Bu nedenle, bug\u00fcn\u00fcn HDP\u2019si hari\u00e7 olmak \u00fczere T\u00fcrkiye\u2019deki hakim siyasi partiler, \u0130TC y\u00f6netimi ile ilgili temel ger\u00e7eklerle y\u00fczle\u015fmekten hep ka\u00e7\u0131nd\u0131lar. \u015eunu iyice anlamak laz\u0131m: bu ger\u00e7eklere sadece anti-demokratik \u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcler, demografik m\u00fchendislik ve kitlesel su\u00e7lar de\u011fil ayn\u0131 zamanda \u0130slam ve cihad\u0131n etkin siyasi kullan\u0131m\u0131 da dahildir.<\/p>\n

https:\/\/www.agos.com.tr\u00a0<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Ferda Balancar Tarih\u00e7i Hans-Lukas Kieser\u2019in \u2018Talat Pa\u015fa: \u0130ttihat\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n Beyni ve Soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131n Mimar\u0131\u2019 ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 kitab\u0131 \u0130leti\u015fim Yay\u0131nlar\u0131\u2019ndan \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. Kieser ile Talat Pa\u015fa\u2019n\u0131n hayat\u0131 ekseninde 1908\u2019den g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin yak\u0131n tarihini konu\u015ftuk. \u00d6nce kitab\u0131n ad\u0131ndan ba\u015flayal\u0131m. Kitab\u0131n \u0130ngilizce bask\u0131s\u0131nda alt ba\u015fl\u0131k olarak, \u2018Father of Modern Turkey\u2019 ifadesi kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015f. Neden Talat Pa\u015fa\u2019n\u0131n \u2018Modern T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin babas\u0131\u2019 oldu\u011funu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyorsunuz? \u0130ttihat ve […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":83504,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[44,1,54,71,20],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-83503","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ermeni-soykirimi","category-haberler","category-kitaplar-elestiriler","category-mulakatlar","category-tarih-sayfalari"],"yoast_head":"\n"Talat, G\u00f6kalp ve Atat\u00fcrk, kurulu\u015f d\u00f6neminin \u00fc\u00e7 'baba's\u0131 olarak g\u00f6r\u00fclebilir"" - Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=83503\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\""Talat, G\u00f6kalp ve Atat\u00fcrk, kurulu\u015f d\u00f6neminin \u00fc\u00e7 'baba's\u0131 olarak g\u00f6r\u00fclebilir"" - Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Ferda Balancar Tarih\u00e7i Hans-Lukas Kieser\u2019in \u2018Talat Pa\u015fa: \u0130ttihat\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n Beyni ve Soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131n Mimar\u0131\u2019 ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 kitab\u0131 \u0130leti\u015fim Yay\u0131nlar\u0131\u2019ndan \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. 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Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=83503","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"\"Talat, G\u00f6kalp ve Atat\u00fcrk, kurulu\u015f d\u00f6neminin \u00fc\u00e7 'baba's\u0131 olarak g\u00f6r\u00fclebilir\"\" - Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi","og_description":"Ferda Balancar Tarih\u00e7i Hans-Lukas Kieser\u2019in \u2018Talat Pa\u015fa: \u0130ttihat\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n Beyni ve Soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131n Mimar\u0131\u2019 ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 kitab\u0131 \u0130leti\u015fim Yay\u0131nlar\u0131\u2019ndan \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. Kieser ile Talat Pa\u015fa\u2019n\u0131n hayat\u0131 ekseninde 1908\u2019den g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin yak\u0131n tarihini konu\u015ftuk. \u00d6nce kitab\u0131n ad\u0131ndan ba\u015flayal\u0131m. Kitab\u0131n \u0130ngilizce bask\u0131s\u0131nda alt ba\u015fl\u0131k olarak, \u2018Father of Modern Turkey\u2019 ifadesi kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015f. Neden Talat Pa\u015fa\u2019n\u0131n \u2018Modern T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin babas\u0131\u2019 oldu\u011funu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyorsunuz? \u0130ttihat ve […]","og_url":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=83503","og_site_name":"Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi","article_published_time":"2025-06-05T06:56:16+00:00","og_image":[{"width":820,"height":500,"url":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/6\/2025\/06\/Talat-Pasa.jpg","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"author":"admin","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"admin","Est. reading time":"9 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=83503#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=83503"},"author":{"name":"admin","@id":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/#\/schema\/person\/096f1d38a12cce57fb855b485ed24c9e"},"headline":"“Talat, G\u00f6kalp ve Atat\u00fcrk, kurulu\u015f d\u00f6neminin \u00fc\u00e7 ‘baba’s\u0131 olarak g\u00f6r\u00fclebilir””","datePublished":"2025-06-05T06:56:16+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=83503"},"wordCount":2432,"commentCount":0,"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=83503#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/6\/2025\/06\/Talat-Pasa.jpg","articleSection":["Ermeni Soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131","Haberler","Kitaplar-Ele\u015ftiriler","M\u00fclakatlar","Tarih Sayfalar\u0131"],"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"CommentAction","name":"Comment","target":["https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=83503#respond"]}]},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=83503","url":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=83503","name":"\"Talat, G\u00f6kalp ve Atat\u00fcrk, kurulu\u015f d\u00f6neminin \u00fc\u00e7 'baba's\u0131 olarak g\u00f6r\u00fclebilir\"\" - 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