![\"\"](\"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Ermeni-Soykirimi-6-360x248.jpg\")
<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
Mehmet Polatel<\/strong><\/p>\n M\u00fclkiyet gasp\u0131 Ermeni soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n do\u011frudan bir par\u00e7as\u0131d\u0131r. Ermenilerin hem bireysel hem de toplu olarak m\u00fclks\u00fczle\u015ftirilmelerini ve sahip olduklar\u0131 varl\u0131klar\u0131n da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 i\u00e7eren m\u00fclkiyet gasp\u0131, do\u011frudan Ermenili\u011fin imhas\u0131 ile ili\u015fkilidir. Bu ba\u011flamda, on binlerce ev, tarla, bah\u00e7e gibi ta\u015f\u0131nmaza ve sabundan basmal\u0131k kuma\u015fa \u00e7e\u015fitli ta\u015f\u0131n\u0131r mala devletin \u00e7izdi\u011fi m\u00fclks\u00fczle\u015ftirme ve da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m \u00e7er\u00e7evesi kapsam\u0131nda el konulmas\u0131 \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Kilise, manast\u0131r, okul gibi Ermeni kimli\u011finin kamusal alandaki simgelerine de soyk\u0131r\u0131msal ekonomik \u015fiddet \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde kimi yerlerde devlet, kimi yerlerde yerel akt\u00f6rler taraf\u0131ndan el konulmu\u015ftur. Toplumsal ve tarihsel anlamlar\u0131ndan ar\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131lan bu mekanlar devlet taraf\u0131ndan hapishane ya da karakol gibi yap\u0131lara d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f, yerel akt\u00f6rler taraf\u0131ndan gasp edilenlerse gasp edenlerin \u015fahsi \u00e7\u0131kar ve arzular\u0131 do\u011frultusunda kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n Osmanl\u0131 h\u00fck\u00fcmeti, 30 May\u0131s 1915 tarihli tehcire dair kabine karar\u0131ndan itibaren Ermeni m\u00fclklerinin idaresi ve da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m\u0131na y\u00f6nelik \u2018yasal\u2019 kararlar alm\u0131\u015f ve emirler vermi\u015ftir. Devletin Ermeni mallar\u0131n\u0131n gasp\u0131n\u0131 ve el de\u011fi\u015ftirmesini yasalarla d\u00fczenleme giri\u015fiminin ard\u0131nda iki temel ama\u00e7 oldu\u011fu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclebilir. Bu ama\u00e7lardan biri el koyma s\u00fcrecine yasalar \u00fczerinden me\u015fruiyet kazand\u0131rmak, di\u011feri ise mallar\u0131n payla\u015f\u0131m\u0131nda merkezin kontrol\u00fcn\u00fc sa\u011flamakt\u0131r. Bir ba\u015fka deyi\u015fle, devlet, m\u00fclklere el konulmas\u0131 ve bunlar\u0131n da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m\u0131 ve sat\u0131m\u0131 gibi s\u00fcre\u00e7lerin kendi g\u00f6zetiminde ve kendi kararlar\u0131 do\u011frultusunda yap\u0131lmas\u0131na \u00e7aba g\u00f6stermi\u015ftir. Bu do\u011frultuda imparatorluk genelinde, Ermeni mallar\u0131n\u0131n tek tek tespit edilip kay\u0131t alt\u0131na al\u0131narak devletin m\u00fclk\u00fc haline getirilmesi i\u00e7in otuz \u00fc\u00e7 tane tasfiye komisyonu kurmu\u015ftur. Ermeni m\u00fclklerini devlet ad\u0131na m\u00fch\u00fcrleyip korunmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayan komisyonlar, m\u00fclklerin detaylar\u0131 konusunda defterler tutmu\u015flard\u0131r. El konan mallar\u0131n sahiplerine, bulunduklar\u0131 konuma ve de\u011ferlerine ili\u015fkin bilgilerin bu defterlere kaydedilmesi, devlet taraf\u0131ndan bu s\u00fcrecin nas\u0131l titizlikle ele al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6stermektedir.<\/p>\n Peki devlet s\u00fcr\u00fclmesi \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclen bir milyondan fazla Ermeni\u2019ye ait y\u00fcz binlerce m\u00fclk ile ne yapmay\u0131 planl\u0131yordu? Bu ba\u011flamda, devletin bu m\u00fclklerin hangi bi\u00e7imde ve kimler aras\u0131nda payla\u015f\u0131laca\u011f\u0131na dair bir \u00e7er\u00e7eve olu\u015fturma \u00e7abas\u0131n\u0131n soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131n erken safhalar\u0131nda ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00f6ylenebilir. 30 May\u0131s tarihli kabine karar\u0131na ve 10 Haziran talimnamesine bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, devletin Ermenilerden bo\u015falt\u0131lan yerlere Balkanlardan ve Kafkaslardan gelen M\u00fcsl\u00fcman muhacirlerin yerle\u015ftirilmesini ama\u00e7lad\u0131\u011f\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir. Ermeni mallar\u0131ndan muhacirlere ev, arazi, d\u00fckkan d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda elbise, yiyecek gibi maddeler de da\u011f\u0131t\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u0130ttihat ve Terakki\u2019nin Anadolu\u2019yu M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanla\u015ft\u0131rma\/T\u00fcrkle\u015ftirme politikas\u0131yla da uyumlu olan bu s\u00fcre\u00e7, ayn\u0131 zamanda detayl\u0131 bir demografik ve toplumsal m\u00fchendislik yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 da i\u00e7ermektedir. Sava\u015f\u0131n ikinci yar\u0131s\u0131ndan itibaren, devlet, imparatorlu\u011fun Do\u011fu vilayetlerinde K\u00fcrt n\u00fcfusun dengesini kontrol alt\u0131nda tutmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015f, Ermenilerin k\u0131r\u0131m\u0131ndan sonra K\u00fcrtlerin \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011fu sa\u011flayaca\u011f\u0131 bir g\u00fcc\u00fc elinde bulundurmalar\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nlemek i\u00e7in muhacirleri bu b\u00f6lgelere yerle\u015ftirmeye, baz\u0131 K\u00fcrt n\u00fcfusu da i\u00e7 b\u00f6lgelere s\u00fcrmeye \u00e7aba g\u00f6stermi\u015ftir. Bu \u00e7ok boyutlu iskan politikas\u0131n\u0131n temel amac\u0131 Ermenilerden ar\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131lan topraklar\u0131 T\u00fcrkle\u015ftirerek b\u00f6lgeye yeni bir kimlik kazand\u0131rmakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n T\u00fcrkle\u015ftirme\/M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanla\u015ft\u0131rma politikas\u0131na ek olarak, Ermeni mallar\u0131 \u0130ttihat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n 1913 y\u0131l\u0131ndan itibaren \u00e7er\u00e7evesini \u00e7izdikleri ve uygulamaya koyduklar\u0131, gayrim\u00fcslimlerin ekonomik alandan tasfiyesini \u00f6ng\u00f6ren ekonominin millile\u015ftirilmesi siyaseti i\u00e7in de kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu kapsamda, Ermenilere ait \u00fcretim ara\u00e7lar\u0131, imalathaneler ve fabrikalar devlet taraf\u0131ndan T\u00fcrk\/M\u00fcsl\u00fcman giri\u015fimcilere da\u011f\u0131t\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bir ba\u015fka deyi\u015fle, olu\u015fmaya ba\u015flayan T\u00fcrk burjuvazisi i\u00e7in Ermeni mallar\u0131 \u2018ilk sermaye\u2019 i\u015flevi g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Erken cumhuriyet d\u00f6nemi boyunca devam edecek bu uygulama sonucu bizatihi devlet taraf\u0131ndan olu\u015fturulmu\u015f ve devlet politikalar\u0131yla \u015fekillenmi\u015f bir burjuvazi in\u015fa edilmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bununla beraber, devlet, bu m\u00fclkleri, \u00f6zellikle zay\u0131f oldu\u011fu yerlerde kendi kapasitesini art\u0131rma arac\u0131 olarak kullanm\u0131\u015f, Ermenilere ait kilise, manast\u0131r, mezarl\u0131k gibi yap\u0131lar\u0131n \u00fczerinde hapishane, karakol, h\u00fck\u00fcmet konaklar\u0131 y\u00fckselmi\u015ftir. B\u00f6ylece devlet hem bu yap\u0131lar\u0131n kimli\u011fini ve sembolik de\u011ferini yeniden belirlemi\u015f, hem de altyap\u0131 ara\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7lendirmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n Ermeni mallar\u0131n\u0131n gasp\u0131 soyk\u0131r\u0131msal \u015fiddetin ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilmesi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan da \u00f6nemliydi. Yerel akt\u00f6rlerin soyk\u0131r\u0131m s\u00fcre\u00e7lerine kat\u0131l\u0131m\u0131nda ideolojik etmenler kadar, \u015fahsi zenginle\u015fme gibi maddi etmenler de rol oynam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu a\u00e7\u0131dan, soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131n yerelde \u00f6rg\u00fctleyicisi olan pek \u00e7ok kimsenin bu s\u00fcre\u00e7te ciddi bi\u00e7imde zenginle\u015fti\u011fini ak\u0131lda bulundurmak gerekir. Diyarbak\u0131r valisi Doktor Re\u015fid\u2019den milis kuvvetlerinin \u00f6nemli fig\u00fcrlerinden \u00c7erkes Ahmet\u2019e, soyk\u0131r\u0131ma do\u011frudan kat\u0131lan pek \u00e7ok akt\u00f6r, devletin Ermeni mallar\u0131na kurumlar \u00fczerinden el koyup merkezi politikalar do\u011frultusunda da\u011f\u0131tma politikas\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 durarak Ermeni mallar\u0131na do\u011frudan el koymu\u015flard\u0131r. Bu durum, zaman i\u00e7inde devletle soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131n yerelde uygulay\u0131c\u0131s\u0131 olan akt\u00f6rler aras\u0131nda gerilim de yaratm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. M\u00fclkler \u00fczerinde tek yetkili olmak ve bunlar\u0131n da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m ve idaresini elinde tutmak isteyen devlet, bu giri\u015fimleri engellemek maksad\u0131yla emirler g\u00f6ndermi\u015f ancak ilk etapta sert \u00f6nlemler almaktan ka\u00e7\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Sava\u015f\u0131n ilerleyen y\u0131llar\u0131nda h\u00fck\u00fcmet, bu yolsuzluk giri\u015fimlerini yarg\u0131lamaya ba\u015flam\u0131\u015f, soru\u015fturmalar a\u00e7m\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Katliamlara kat\u0131lan ya da soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131n yereldeki \u00f6rg\u00fctleyicileri olan kimi devlet g\u00f6revlileri ve milisler, devletten mal ka\u00e7\u0131rmak, ya\u011fma ve gasplara g\u00f6z yummak su\u00e7lamalar\u0131yla yarg\u0131lanm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r, ama bu davalar\u0131n hi\u00e7birinde s\u00f6z konusu kimselerin i\u015fledikleri cinayetlerin hesab\u0131 sorulmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. San\u0131klar, Ermeni mallar\u0131n\u0131n ya\u011fmalanmas\u0131ndan ve gasp edilmesinden su\u00e7lu bulunmalar\u0131na ra\u011fmen, tahkikat komisyonu bu mallar\u0131n as\u0131l sahiplerine iadesine gerek g\u00f6rmemi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n Ermeni mallar\u0131n\u0131n b\u00f6l\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fc, \u015fiddetin uygulay\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131 ve \u00f6rg\u00fctleyicilerinin i\u015fbirliklerinin sa\u011flanmas\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6tesinde, soyk\u0131r\u0131m politikalar\u0131n\u0131n s\u0131radan insanlar nezdinde me\u015frula\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131nda ve halk\u0131n s\u00fcrece ili\u015fkin tutumunun etkilenmesinde de belirleyici olmu\u015ftur. Emval-i metruke komisyonlar\u0131nca \u00e7e\u015fitli merkezlerde ta\u015f\u0131n\u0131r mal ve hayvanlar\u0131n da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m\u0131 i\u00e7in kurulan m\u00fczayedeler geni\u015f halk kitlelerinin el konan Ermeni mallar\u0131n\u0131n payla\u015f\u0131m\u0131na kat\u0131lmalar\u0131na olanak vermi\u015f ve yo\u011fun ilgi g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Fiziksel \u015fiddete do\u011frudan kat\u0131lmasalar da ekonomik \u015fiddetin bu en s\u0131radan bi\u00e7imine kat\u0131lmaktan imtina etmeyen binlerce insan soyk\u0131r\u0131m s\u00fcrecinden devlete yak\u0131nl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n ve yereldeki konumlar\u0131n\u0131n elverdi\u011fi \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde ekonomik kazan\u00e7 sa\u011flam\u0131\u015flard\u0131r.<\/p>\n Ermeni mallar\u0131n\u0131n gasp\u0131 ve payla\u015f\u0131m\u0131 soyk\u0131r\u0131m politikas\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclmesi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan devletin \u015fiddet mekanizmas\u0131n\u0131 i\u015fletebilmesini, fiziksel \u015fiddete kat\u0131lan akt\u00f6rlerin kat\u0131l\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n devaml\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamas\u0131n\u0131 ve farkl\u0131 halk kesimlerinin r\u0131zas\u0131n\u0131 almas\u0131n\u0131 kolayla\u015ft\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u00d6te yandan, bu gasp ve payla\u015f\u0131m s\u00fcreci soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131n sadece arac\u0131 olarak g\u00f6r\u00fclemez. Ermeni varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n materyal izlerini ta\u015f\u0131yan ve Ermeni kimli\u011finin bir par\u00e7as\u0131 olan \u015fahsi ve topluma ait mallar Ermenili\u011fin imhas\u0131n\u0131 ama\u00e7layan soyk\u0131r\u0131m \u015fiddeti taraf\u0131ndan \u00f6zel olarak hedef se\u00e7ilmi\u015flerdir.<\/p>\n https:\/\/tarihvetoplumlar.com\/mehmet-polatel-1915-soykirimi-ve-mulkiyet-gaspi\/\u00a0<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Mehmet Polatel M\u00fclkiyet gasp\u0131 Ermeni soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n do\u011frudan bir par\u00e7as\u0131d\u0131r. Ermenilerin hem bireysel hem de toplu olarak m\u00fclks\u00fczle\u015ftirilmelerini ve sahip olduklar\u0131 varl\u0131klar\u0131n da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 i\u00e7eren m\u00fclkiyet gasp\u0131, do\u011frudan Ermenili\u011fin imhas\u0131 ile ili\u015fkilidir. Bu ba\u011flamda, on binlerce ev, tarla, bah\u00e7e gibi ta\u015f\u0131nmaza ve sabundan basmal\u0131k kuma\u015fa \u00e7e\u015fitli ta\u015f\u0131n\u0131r mala devletin \u00e7izdi\u011fi m\u00fclks\u00fczle\u015ftirme ve da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m \u00e7er\u00e7evesi kapsam\u0131nda el konulmas\u0131 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":83153,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[44,1,9,70,20],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-83152","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ermeni-soykirimi","category-haberler","category-haklarimiz","category-makaleler","category-tarih-sayfalari"],"yoast_head":"\n