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Onur Ko\u00e7yi\u011fit\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n Yervant Odyan\u2019\u0131n Yolda\u015f Pan\u00e7uni kitab\u0131 sol anlay\u0131\u015fa sahip yay\u0131nevlerinin \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131 aras\u0131nda handiyse k\u00fclt bir eser say\u0131l\u0131r \u2013bir\u00e7ok yay\u0131nc\u0131n\u0131n s\u0131k\u0131c\u0131 uzunluktaki kitap fuar\u0131 g\u00fcnlerinde mesai t\u00fcketmek i\u00e7in Pan\u00e7uni\u2019yle e\u011flendi\u011fine pek \u00e7ok kez \u015fahit oldum. O ki, bu t\u00fcr yay\u0131nc\u0131lar\u0131n ofislerinden de bir\u00e7ok Pan\u00e7uni gelip ge\u00e7ti\u011finden, Odyan\u2019\u0131n kendisi olmasa da yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131 karakter me\u015fhurdur. 1909\u2019da yay\u0131nlamaya ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bu ikonik eser, k\u0131saca s\u00f6ylemek gerekirse, kendilerini \u201cdevrimci\u201d, \u201cilerici\u201d, \u201ckahraman\u201d gibi g\u00f6steren, ama bu unvanlar\u0131 da, beraberinde getireceklerini de haiz olmayan, tam bir d\u00fczenbaz, sahtek\u00e2r ve parag\u00f6z Pan\u00e7uni karakterini (zira Merkez Kurul\u2019dan en net talebi, kitapta s\u0131k\u00e7a g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc \u00fczere \u201cPara g\u00f6nderin!\u201d), onun muhayyel d\u00fcnyas\u0131nda yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131 tahribat ve kaosla dolu \u201cdevrimcili\u011fini\u201d anlat\u0131r.[1] Y\u0131llar sonra bug\u00fcn Lanetli Y\u0131llar\u2019\u0131 Aras Yay\u0131nc\u0131l\u0131k \u2013 Kor Kitap i\u00e7in ortak bir edisyon halinde yay\u0131na haz\u0131rlarken de s\u0131k s\u0131k Pan\u00e7uni\u2019ye bakt\u0131m ve \u00fczerine d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fcm.<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n Yervant Odyan, bir sa\u011fkurtulan, o y\u00fczden Lanetli Y\u0131llar\u2019\u0131n da bu s\u00fcrg\u00fcn g\u00fcnlerini anlatt\u0131\u011f\u0131 hat\u0131rat\u0131 oldu\u011funu tahmin etmek g\u00fc\u00e7 de\u011fil. S\u0131k s\u0131k harfiyen al\u0131nt\u0131lanan biyografisinden k\u0131sa bir \u00f6zet sunal\u0131m \u00f6nce: 1869, \u0130stanbul, Yenik\u00f6y do\u011fumlu Odyan. Memleketimizdeki say\u0131l\u0131 mimari eserleri yaratm\u0131\u015f, nam\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fck Balyanlarla birlikte \u00e7al\u0131\u015farak saray mimarl\u0131\u011f\u0131na kadar y\u00fckselen Bo\u011fos Odyan\u2019\u0131n ailesine mensup. 1863 Ermeni Milleti Nizamnamesi\u2019ne, daha sonra da Mithat Pa\u015fa ile birlikte 1876 anayasas\u0131, yani Kanuni Esasi \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131na b\u00fcy\u00fck oranda emek harcam\u0131\u015f Krikor Odyan\u2019\u0131n da ye\u011feni. Babas\u0131 Romanya\u2019da Osmanl\u0131 konsolosu olarak g\u00f6rev yapm\u0131\u015f, Odyan hen\u00fcz 13 ya\u015f\u0131ndayken onunla birlikte oraya, farkl\u0131 tarihlerde de amcas\u0131 Krikor Odyan\u2019la Fransa ve \u0130talya\u2019ya gitmi\u015f. Yani hayli n\u00fcfuzlu ve entelekt\u00fcel bir \u00e7evrede, zengin bir aile k\u00fct\u00fcphanesiyle, b\u00fcrokrasinin ve dolay\u0131s\u0131yla bu meselelerin ortas\u0131nda, pek fazla yokluk \u00e7ekmeden ya\u015fam\u0131\u015f, \u00fcst tabakaya yak\u0131n biri. Gen\u00e7 ya\u015fta \u0130stanbul Ermeni bas\u0131n\u0131nda yaz\u0131lar ve \u00e7eviriler yay\u0131nlatmaya ba\u015flam\u0131\u015f, eli kalem tutan, m\u00fcrekkep yalayan bir gazeteci, yay\u0131nc\u0131 ve yazar. Bu t\u00fcrden \u00e7abalar\u0131n\u0131 da 1915-1919 tarihleri hari\u00e7 olmak \u00fczere gerek s\u00fcrg\u00fcn, gerek \u201cg\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fc\u201d olarak gitti\u011fi, deyim yerindeyse d\u00fcnyan\u0131n her yerinde, yay\u0131nc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve yazarl\u0131\u011f\u0131 tutkuyla benimseyerek, y\u00fcksek bir irade ve istekle, 1926\u2019da Kahire\u2019deki vefat\u0131na dek s\u00fcrd\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015f.<\/p>\n Ne ki, 1896\u2019da Ta\u015fnaklar\u0131n Osmanl\u0131 Bankas\u0131 bask\u0131n\u0131, ba\u015fka bir\u00e7ok Ermeni i\u00e7in oldu\u011fu gibi Odyan i\u00e7in de bir mil\u00e2t olmu\u015f. Bask\u0131ndan sonra Ermenilere kar\u015f\u0131 ba\u015flat\u0131lan takibat ve tevkifat s\u00fcrecinde \u0130stanbul\u2019u terk edip \u00f6nce Atina\u2019ya, daha sonra \u00e7e\u015fitli Avrupa \u015fehirlerine, son olarak da Kahire\u2019ye gitmi\u015f. 1908\u2019de II. Me\u015frutiyet\u2019in ilan\u0131 ve g\u00f6rece serbest ortam \u00fczerine tekrar memleketine, \u0130stanbul\u2019a d\u00f6nm\u00fc\u015f. Dasn\u0131yergu Dari Bolsen Turs (\u0130stanbul\u2019dan Uzakta On \u0130ki Y\u0131l; T\u00fcrk\u00e7ede hen\u00fcz yay\u0131nlanmad\u0131) adl\u0131 eseri de bu \u201cilk s\u00fcrg\u00fcn\u201d y\u0131llar\u0131n\u0131 anlat\u0131r.<\/p>\n Daha sonra ise o melun s\u00fcrg\u00fcn g\u00fcnleri, o lanetli y\u0131llar ba\u015fl\u0131yor. Peki nas\u0131l ba\u015fl\u0131yor? Burada, \u00f6ncelikle okurlar\u0131n Odyan\u2019\u0131 tan\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131 ba\u015fka bir kitab\u0131na ba\u015fvurmak gerekli \u2013Odyan\u2019\u0131n 1911 tarihli, yakla\u015f\u0131k bin (!) sayfal\u0131k \u201cola\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc klasi\u011fi\u201dnin, Abd\u00fclhamid ve Sherlock Holmes roman\u0131n\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u015f sekans\u0131n\u0131n ilk c\u00fcmlelerine bakal\u0131m:<\/p>\n \u201c1904 senesi A\u011fustos\u2019unun yirmi birinci Cumartesi g\u00fcn\u00fc \u0130stanbul\u2019da ne\u015frolunan sabah gazeteleri hav\u00e2dis-i d\u00e2hiliye s\u0131ras\u0131nda bir cinayetin vukuunu bildiriyorlard\u0131. Havadis cihetinden en ziyade mukayyet bulunan \u015eafak gazetesi Bo\u011fazi\u00e7i\u2019nin baz\u0131 k\u00f6ylerinde b\u00fcy\u00fck bir heyecan\u0131 m\u00fbcib olan bu kanl\u0131 vaka hakk\u0131nda hepsinden ziyade tafsil\u00e2tl\u0131 mal\u00fbmat veriyordu.\u201d [2]<\/p>\n Ad\u0131ndan da anla\u015f\u0131laca\u011f\u0131 \u00fczere polisiye bir roman bu ve cinai haberler vererek ba\u015flamas\u0131 elbette \u015fa\u015f\u0131lacak \u015fey de\u011fil. \u015eimdi Lanetli Y\u0131llar\u2019a, Felaket\u2019ten sa\u011fkurtulmu\u015f yazar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n tefrikas\u0131n\u0131n\/kitab\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015flang\u0131c\u0131na bakal\u0131m:<\/p>\n \u201c1914 Haziran\u2019\u0131nda bir sabah gazeteyi a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131mda, Avusturya-Macaristan veliaht\u0131 Ar\u015fid\u00fck Franz Ferdinand ve e\u015fi Hohenberg d\u00fc\u015fesine Saraybosna\u2019da bir suikast d\u00fczenlendi\u011fini ve ikisinin de hayat\u0131n\u0131 kaybetti\u011fini okudum. Suikastin faili Princip ad\u0131nda bir S\u0131rp delikanl\u0131s\u0131yd\u0131. O anda haber bu denli sars\u0131c\u0131 olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen, bu suikast\u0131n yak\u0131n zamanda do\u011furaca\u011f\u0131 korkun\u00e7 sonu\u00e7lar sezilemiyordu.\u201d<\/p>\n Di\u011fer s\u00fcrg\u00fcnler i\u00e7in oldu\u011fu gibi Odyan i\u00e7in de \u201cs\u00fcrg\u00fcn yeri\u201d var\u0131lacak nihai bir hedef de\u011fil, ancak bir durakt\u0131r; Der Zor\u2019a, hatta daha uza\u011fa Miadin\u2019e, El Busera\u2019ya kadar uzun bir \u201cyolculu\u011fu\u201d olacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n Di\u011fer s\u00fcrg\u00fcnler i\u00e7in oldu\u011fu gibi Odyan i\u00e7in de \u201cs\u00fcrg\u00fcn yeri\u201d var\u0131lacak nihai bir hedef de\u011fil, ancak bir durakt\u0131r; Der Zor\u2019a, hatta daha uza\u011fa Miadin\u2019e, El Busera\u2019ya kadar uzun bir \u201cyolculu\u011fu\u201d olacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n Bu kar\u015f\u0131la\u015fmalardan sonra b\u00fcy\u00fck bir olay daha ya\u015fan\u0131r. Odyan \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn hemen ba\u015f\u0131nda, bana g\u00f6re T\u00fcrkiye sosyalist m\u00fccadele hareketinin\/tarihinin en \u00f6nemli d\u00f6n\u00fcm noktalar\u0131ndan olan, bu \u015fiddet girdab\u0131n\u0131n toplu infazlar\u0131ndan birini aktar\u0131r: Haziran 1914\u2019te Sosyal Demokrat H\u0131n\u00e7ak Partisi\u2019ne (SDHP) \u00fcye 120 ki\u015fi \u201c\u0130ttihat ve Terakki \u00fcst y\u00f6netimine ve Talat Pa\u015fa\u2019ya suikast te\u015febb\u00fcs\u00fc\u201d su\u00e7lamas\u0131yla g\u00f6zalt\u0131na al\u0131nm\u0131\u015f, partinin Romanya K\u00f6stence\u2019de yap\u0131lan yedinci kongresinde bu y\u00f6nde al\u0131nan bir karar nedeniyle su\u00e7lanm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. Yarg\u0131lamalardan \u00f6nce araya giren n\u00fcfuzlu ki\u015filerin yard\u0131mlar\u0131 ve r\u00fc\u015fvetle partililerden bir k\u0131sm\u0131 serbest b\u0131rak\u0131lsa da, 27 May\u0131s 1915\u2019te, Divan-\u0131 Harp\u2019te yap\u0131lan yarg\u0131lamalar sonunda 22 ihtilalci (iki ki\u015fi ka\u00e7ak durumdayd\u0131) idam cezas\u0131na mahk\u00fbm edilmi\u015ftir. Aralar\u0131nda SDHP Merkez Komitesi \u00fcyesi Paramaz\u2019\u0131n (Madteos Sarkisyan) da bulundu\u011fu yirmi ki\u015fi, 15 Haziran 1915\u2019te Beyaz\u0131t\u2019ta kurulan dara\u011fa\u00e7lar\u0131nda as\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Dara\u011fac\u0131na \u00e7\u0131kanlar aras\u0131nda \u201cYa\u015fas\u0131n sosyalizm!\u201d diye ba\u011f\u0131ranlar oldu\u011fu da rivayet edilir. H\u00fcl\u00e2sa, mevcut sava\u015f her \u015feyi \u00f6rtmeye yarayacak, y\u00fcz y\u0131l\u0131 a\u015fk\u0131n s\u00fcre boyunca kullan\u0131\u015fl\u0131 bir bahane olarak g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir ve Ermenilerin en az\u0131ndan bir k\u0131sm\u0131 daha o g\u00fcnden bunun fark\u0131ndad\u0131rlar.<\/p>\n Kitaba, Lanetli Y\u0131llar\u2019a d\u00f6nelim. 24 Nisan gecesi, bence \u00fczerinde pek fazla durulmayan, h\u0131zl\u0131ca es ge\u00e7ilen bir mesele. Birtak\u0131m isimler an\u0131p m\u00e2n\u00e2s\u0131z bir polemi\u011fe neden olmak istemiyorum, o y\u00fczden \u015f\u00f6yle yapal\u0131m: Birbirinden ger\u00e7ekten farkl\u0131 siyasi pozisyonlara, yay\u0131n \u00e7izgilerine, fikirlere ve dolay\u0131s\u0131yla ideolojilere sahip, bir yandan da yine birbirlerinden \u00e7ok farkl\u0131 alanlarda faaliyet y\u00fcr\u00fcten iki y\u00fczden fazla insan\u0131n (tutuklanmas\u0131 \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclenler aras\u0131nda tek kad\u0131n Zabel Yesayan\u2019d\u0131r) bir gecede tutukland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 hayal edebiliyor muyuz? Edebiliyoruz tabii, devletimiz bununla me\u015fhurdur. Daha fenas\u0131, hatta en fenas\u0131 bu insanlar\u0131n y\u00fczlercesini \u00e7ok k\u0131sa bir s\u00fcre i\u00e7inde belirsiz y\u00f6ntemlerle da\u011fba\u015flar\u0131nda devletin infaz etti\u011fini? \u00c7ok fazla \u00f6rne\u011fe ihtiyac\u0131m\u0131z yok, solculara, sosyalistlere, kom\u00fcnistlere, bir k\u0131s\u0131m demokratlara, Ermenilere ve K\u00fcrtlere zaten, devletimizin yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131 en s\u00fcrekli gelenektir bu topraklarda. O ki, tutuklamalar\u0131n ve s\u00fcrg\u00fcnlerin ne t\u00fcr sonu\u00e7lar do\u011furaca\u011f\u0131 o g\u00fcn de ortadad\u0131r.<\/p>\n 24 Nisan\u2019daki ilk tutuklamalar ve sonras\u0131ndaki ilk infazlar ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftikten sonra bir\u00e7ok Ermeni entelekt\u00fcel \u0130stanbul\u2019dan ya uzakla\u015fm\u0131\u015f ya da uzakla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Odyan bir s\u00fcre daha \u0130stanbul\u2019da farkl\u0131 muhitlerde saklanmay\u0131 ba\u015far\u0131r, hatta bir ara evine ve gazetedeki ofisine, yaz\u0131lar\u0131na geri d\u00f6ner. Siyasi partilere mesafeli olmas\u0131n\u0131n, hatta \u00e7o\u011fu hakk\u0131nda ele\u015ftirel bir tutuma sahip olmas\u0131n\u0131n onu bu tutuklama ve s\u00fcrg\u00fcnlerin d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda tutaca\u011f\u0131 inanc\u0131, zay\u0131f da olsa ona biraz umut verir. Ancak bu durum \u00e7ok uzun s\u00fcrmez ve birka\u00e7 ay i\u00e7inde, 1915 Haziran\u2019\u0131nda bir bahaneyle \u015ei\u015fli\u2019deki evinden karakola davet edilip sonra da Konya\u2019ya s\u00fcrg\u00fcne yollan\u0131r. Ge\u00e7erken belirtelim, daha ilk g\u00fcnden itibaren, \u015ei\u015fli\u2019den \u0130stanbul\u2019a (yani yar\u0131madadaki Kurum-\u0131 Siyasi\u2019ye) gidilirken dahi araba paras\u0131n\u0131 polisler Odyan\u2019dan isterler \u2013t\u00fcm s\u00fcrg\u00fcn yolu boyunca, gerek Anadolu\u2019nun i\u00e7lerinde, Konya, Adana veya Tarsus\u2019ta olsun, gerek Halep\u2019te, \u0131ss\u0131z ve kurak Suriye \u00e7\u00f6llerinde olsun, polisler, askerler, jandarmalar yol paras\u0131 dahil her \u015feyin paras\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrg\u00fcnlerden zorla ve \u015fiddetle s\u00f6k\u00fcp almaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r.<\/p>\n Yetki sahibi resmi g\u00f6revlilerin cahilli\u011finden, yolsuzlukta ve r\u00fc\u015fvet\u00e7ilikte s\u0131n\u0131r tan\u0131mayan i\u015ftahlar\u0131ndan haberdar olan Odyan pek \u00e7ok sefer katledilmekten k\u0131l pay\u0131 kurtulmay\u0131 ba\u015far\u0131r ba\u015farmas\u0131na, ama mavra yapabilece\u011fi, bak\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 yans\u0131tabilece\u011fi hi\u00e7bir f\u0131rsat\u0131 da ka\u00e7\u0131rmaz.<\/p>\n Elbette di\u011fer s\u00fcrg\u00fcnler i\u00e7in oldu\u011fu gibi Odyan i\u00e7in de \u201cs\u00fcrg\u00fcn yeri\u201d var\u0131lacak nihai bir hedef de\u011fil, ancak bir durakt\u0131r; Der Zor\u2019a, hatta daha uza\u011fa Miadin\u2019e, El Busera\u2019ya kadar uzun bir \u201cyolculu\u011fu\u201d olacakt\u0131r. \u0130kinci b\u00f6l\u00fcmden itibaren, Sherlock Holmes roman\u0131ndaki girizg\u00e2hla benzeyen b\u00f6l\u00fcmle yollar\u0131 tamamen ayr\u0131l\u0131r art\u0131k Odyan\u2019\u0131n. Polisiye roman, nihayetinde bir \u201cevreka\u201dy\u0131, d\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm\u00fcn \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclece\u011fi ve\/veya ge\u00e7erli form\u00fcl\u00fcn bulunaca\u011f\u0131 momenti arar, okuyucusuyla birlikte yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131, bazen azal\u0131p bazen artan bir heyecan ve gerilimle de \u00e7o\u011fu durumda hik\u00e2yenin sonuna de\u011fin bu aray\u0131\u015f devam eder. Oysa Lanetli Y\u0131llar\u2019da durum bunun tam tersidir \u2013Odyan bu tefrikay\u0131\/kitab\u0131 yazabildi\u011fine g\u00f6re hayattad\u0131r ve peki hayatta kalana \u015fimdi ne olacakt\u0131r? \u015e\u00f6yle diyor Odyan Sons\u00f6z\u2019de:<\/p>\n \u201cOkuyanlar bu hik\u00e2yeyi \u00e7ok basit bir tarzda, hatta edebi olarak neredeyse i\u015flenmemi\u015f bir \u00fcsl\u00fbpla yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131 tabii ki fark etmi\u015flerdir. Her \u015feyden \u00f6nce ger\u00e7e\u011fi hik\u00e2ye etmeyi, hi\u00e7bir do\u011fruyu sapt\u0131rmamay\u0131 ve hi\u00e7bir olay\u0131 abartmamay\u0131 istedim. Ancak ger\u00e7ek o kadar korkun\u00e7tu ki baz\u0131lar\u0131 yazd\u0131klar\u0131mda abart\u0131lar oldu\u011funu sand\u0131. S\u00fcrg\u00fcn\u00fcn eziyetini \u00e7ekip sa\u011f kalabilenlerse ger\u00e7e\u011fi asla abartmad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131 bilirler.\u201d [4]<\/p>\n Odyan\u2019\u0131n yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 son b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn ilk c\u00fcmlesinden itibaren temel kayg\u0131lar\u0131ndan birinin \u201cedebi\u201d tekni\u011fi ve \u00fcsl\u00fbbuyla ilgili olmas\u0131, bunun \u201ctesad\u00fcf olarak g\u00f6r\u00fclemeyece\u011fi\u201d fikri burada yat\u0131yor bence. Odyan\u2019\u0131n kayg\u0131s\u0131 ayn\u0131 zamanda tefrikan\u0131n getirdi\u011fi avantaj ve dezavantajlarla do\u011frudan ili\u015fkilidir \u2013nihayetinde Odyan eserlerinin b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011funu bu y\u00f6ntemle yay\u0131nlam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Kitaptaki sunu\u015f yaz\u0131s\u0131nda ele\u015ftirmen Krikor Beledian da Odyan\u2019\u0131n Sons\u00f6z\u2019de yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 k\u0131s\u0131mlar\u0131 s\u0131k s\u0131k al\u0131nt\u0131layarak, Odyan\u2019\u0131n \u00fcsl\u00fbbunun \u201ci\u015flenmemi\u015f\u201d (yani \u00f6zenilmemi\u015f, \u00fczerinde pek fazla d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclmemi\u015f, parlat\u0131lmam\u0131\u015f) oldu\u011funun \u00fczerinde duruyor.[5] Beledian, yazar\u0131n yukar\u0131da and\u0131\u011f\u0131m \u0130stanbul\u2019dan Uzakta On \u0130ki Y\u0131l adl\u0131 eserine de at\u0131fta bulunarak Odyan\u2019\u0131n \u201chat\u0131rat yazmaya meyilli oldu\u011funu\u201d belirtiyor ve bu eserin de \u201cHamidiye katliamlar\u0131ndan sonra s\u00fcrg\u00fcne g\u00f6nderilmi\u015f Ermeni entelekt\u00fcellerin bir resmini \u00e7izdi\u011fine\u201d de\u011finiyor. Beledian\u2019\u0131n yorumlar\u0131na kat\u0131lmakla birlikte, eklemeliyim ki ben biraz da Rober Kopta\u015f\u2019\u0131n da at\u0131fta bulundu\u011fu, Marc Nichanian\u2019\u0131n \u201cfelaketin anlat\u0131lamazl\u0131\u011f\u0131\u201d \u00fczerinden d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyorum meseleyi.[6] Nichanian, Brezilyal\u0131 ele\u015ftirmen ve d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcr Idelbar Avelar\u2019\u0131n genel olarak i\u015fkenceyi merkeze ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 Letter of Violence (\u015eiddet Mektubu) kitab\u0131na s\u0131k s\u0131k at\u0131fta bulundu\u011fu Edebiyat ve Felaket kitab\u0131nda \u015fu yorumda bulunur:<\/p>\n Odyan\u2019\u0131n yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 son b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn ilk c\u00fcmlesinden itibaren temel kayg\u0131lar\u0131ndan birinin \u201cedebi\u201d tekni\u011fi ve \u00fcsl\u00fbbuyla ilgili olmas\u0131, bunun \u201ctesad\u00fcf olarak g\u00f6r\u00fclemeyece\u011fi\u201d fikri burada yat\u0131yor bence. Odyan\u2019\u0131n kayg\u0131s\u0131 ayn\u0131 zamanda tefrikan\u0131n getirdi\u011fi avantaj ve dezavantajlarla do\u011frudan ili\u015fkilidir \u2013nihayetinde Odyan eserlerinin b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011funu bu y\u00f6ntemle yay\u0131nlam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Kitaptaki sunu\u015f yaz\u0131s\u0131nda ele\u015ftirmen Krikor Beledian da Odyan\u2019\u0131n Sons\u00f6z\u2019de yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 k\u0131s\u0131mlar\u0131 s\u0131k s\u0131k al\u0131nt\u0131layarak, Odyan\u2019\u0131n \u00fcsl\u00fbbunun \u201ci\u015flenmemi\u015f\u201d (yani \u00f6zenilmemi\u015f, \u00fczerinde pek fazla d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclmemi\u015f, parlat\u0131lmam\u0131\u015f) oldu\u011funun \u00fczerinde duruyor.[5] Beledian, yazar\u0131n yukar\u0131da and\u0131\u011f\u0131m \u0130stanbul\u2019dan Uzakta On \u0130ki Y\u0131l adl\u0131 eserine de at\u0131fta bulunarak Odyan\u2019\u0131n \u201chat\u0131rat yazmaya meyilli oldu\u011funu\u201d belirtiyor ve bu eserin de \u201cHamidiye katliamlar\u0131ndan sonra s\u00fcrg\u00fcne g\u00f6nderilmi\u015f Ermeni entelekt\u00fcellerin bir resmini \u00e7izdi\u011fine\u201d de\u011finiyor. Beledian\u2019\u0131n yorumlar\u0131na kat\u0131lmakla birlikte, eklemeliyim ki ben biraz da Rober Kopta\u015f\u2019\u0131n da at\u0131fta bulundu\u011fu, Marc Nichanian\u2019\u0131n \u201cfelaketin anlat\u0131lamazl\u0131\u011f\u0131\u201d \u00fczerinden d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyorum meseleyi.[6] Nichanian, Brezilyal\u0131 ele\u015ftirmen ve d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcr Idelbar Avelar\u2019\u0131n genel olarak i\u015fkenceyi merkeze ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 Letter of Violence (\u015eiddet Mektubu) kitab\u0131na s\u0131k s\u0131k at\u0131fta bulundu\u011fu Edebiyat ve Felaket kitab\u0131nda \u015fu yorumda bulunur:<\/p>\n Bu mikrokozmos etraf\u0131nda, bu yaz\u0131da ad\u0131 ge\u00e7en ge\u00e7meyen herkes bir \u015fekilde k\u0131r\u0131mdan pay\u0131n\u0131 alm\u0131\u015f, \u00f6ncesiyle sonras\u0131yla katlan\u0131lmas\u0131 zor (belki de imk\u00e2ns\u0131z demek gerekiyordur) bir a\u015famaya ge\u00e7mi\u015ftir. H\u0131zl\u0131 bir s\u0131\u00e7rama yaparsak, ba\u015fka bir \u00f6rnekte, soyk\u0131r\u0131m-sonras\u0131 ku\u015faktan Zaven Biberyan\u2019\u0131n metinleriyle de bunu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmek m\u00fcmk\u00fcn. Artun Gebenlio\u011flu\u2019nun Biberyan \u00f6zelindeki yorumunu benimsiyorum:<\/p>\n \u201cGelgelelim hayatta kalman\u0131n da bir bedeli vard\u0131r. Y\u0131k\u0131c\u0131 (catastrophic) bir deneyimin \u00f6znesi olay \u00e2n\u0131nda kendi i\u00e7inde meydana gelen bozulman\u0131n fark\u0131nda de\u011fildir, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc travma zaman i\u00e7inde ya da olay sona erdikten sonra a\u00e7\u0131\u011fa \u00e7\u0131kar. Bu bak\u0131mdan her t\u00fcrl\u00fc tan\u0131kl\u0131k etme \u00e7abas\u0131na temkinli yakla\u015fmak gerekir, zira felaket \u00e2n\u0131 ve travman\u0131n tezah\u00fcr\u00fc aras\u0131nda kapal\u0131 bir alan mevcuttur. En \u00f6nemlisi de bu bo\u015fluk olay\u0131n g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc ta\u015f\u0131r. Felaketzede travma sahas\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcrde hasars\u0131z terk etmesine ve hi\u00e7bir \u015fey ya\u015fanmam\u0131\u015f gibi y\u00fcr\u00fcy\u00fcp gitmesine ra\u011fmen olay \u2013ak\u0131l taraf\u0131ndan reddedildi\u011fi \/ tarihselle\u015ftirilemedi\u011fi i\u00e7in\u2013 geri d\u00f6ner ve \u00f6zne \u00fczerinde hakimiyet kurar.\u201d [10]<\/p>\n Bitirirken, Odyan\u2019\u0131n ad\u0131n\u0131n Ermenicenin b\u00fcy\u00fck mizah yazar\u0131 Hagop Baronyan\u2019la birlikte an\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 vurgulamak gerekir. Yetki sahibi resmi g\u00f6revlilerin cahilli\u011finden, yolsuzlukta ve r\u00fc\u015fvet\u00e7ilikte s\u0131n\u0131r tan\u0131mayan i\u015ftahlar\u0131ndan haberdar olan Odyan \u2013s\u00f6yledi\u011finin aksine bu konularda birtak\u0131m abart\u0131lar\u0131n her zaman m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olabilece\u011fini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyorum\u2013 pek \u00e7ok sefer katledilmekten k\u0131l pay\u0131 kurtulmay\u0131 ba\u015far\u0131r ba\u015farmas\u0131na, ama mavra yapabilece\u011fi, bak\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 yans\u0131tabilece\u011fi hi\u00e7bir f\u0131rsat\u0131 da ka\u00e7\u0131rmaz. Onun i\u00e7in adeta bir \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc g\u00f6z, ikinci bir burun ya da a\u011f\u0131z haline gelen y\u00fcksek h\u00fcmor, yeti\u015fti\u011fi ortam nedeniyle sahip oldu\u011fu entelekt\u00fcel kabiliyetlerle de birle\u015fince, mucizevi kurtulu\u015funda bunlar\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck pay\u0131 oldu\u011funu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmek m\u00fcmk\u00fcn.[11] Hama\u2019da toplu imhadan kurtulmak i\u00e7in \u201cM\u00fcsl\u00fcmanla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131ktan\u201d sonraki ad\u0131yla (Aziz Nuri) ya\u015fanan diyaloglardan birini aktaral\u0131m:<\/p>\n \u201cAd\u0131n ne?\u201d Elbette M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanla\u015fmak ya da buna benzer ba\u015fka herhangi bir sebep, s\u00fcrg\u00fcnlerin rahat bir nefes almas\u0131 ya da g\u00fcndelik hayat\u0131n ola\u011fan ak\u0131\u015f\u0131na d\u00f6nmesi y\u00f6n\u00fcnde bir rutin sa\u011flamaz. Felaketin do\u011fas\u0131nda normal ya da ola\u011fan bir \u015feyin bulunmas\u0131 da bu noktada beklenemez \u2013Halep\u2019te bulunduklar\u0131 s\u0131rada k\u0131sa bir s\u00fcreli\u011fine de olsa nargile bulup rak\u0131 i\u00e7meleri, say\u0131s\u0131z kez i\u00e7eri d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, hastal\u0131k dolu hapishaneler ve oradaki tutuklularla muhabbetleri, cehennemi k\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131n devasa k\u00fctlesine ve ya\u015fad\u0131klar\u0131na ra\u011fmen Ermeniler aras\u0131ndaki ufak tefek hiziple\u015fmeleri ve sosyal stat\u00fc aray\u0131\u015flar\u0131n\u0131 o \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc g\u00f6z\u00fcyle alaya almas\u0131 ise Lanetli Y\u0131llar\u2019da Odyan\u2019\u0131n edebiyat\u0131n\u0131 tekrar hat\u0131rlad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z nadir anlardan.<\/p>\n Aras Yay\u0131nc\u0131l\u0131k ve Kor Kitap\u2019\u0131n iki y\u0131l\u0131 a\u015fk\u0131n \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ve binbir emekle yay\u0131nlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bu kitap, na\u00e7izane kendimi de dahil ederek, T\u00fcrk\u00e7e okurlar i\u00e7in soyk\u0131r\u0131m hat\u0131rat\u0131 alan\u0131ndaki \u00f6nemli bir eksikli\u011fi giderecektir diye d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyorum, yani umar\u0131z \u00f6yle olur.<\/p>\n [1] Yolda\u015f Pan\u00e7uni, \u00e7ev. Sirvart Malhasyan (Aras Yay\u0131nc\u0131l\u0131k, 2000 [2018]), 6. bask\u0131.<\/em><\/p>\n [2] Abd\u00fclhamid ve Sherlock Holmes, yay. haz. Seval \u015eahin, Banu \u00d6zt\u00fcrk, Didim Ardal\u0131 B\u00fcy\u00fckerman, Ay\u015fe \u015eahin, E. \u015eule Ayva (Everest Yay\u0131nlar\u0131, 2014), s. 17.<\/em><\/p>\n [3] age, Krikor Beledian, \u201cSunu\u015f \u2013Yervant Odyan\u2019\u0131n Yolculu\u011fu\u201d, \u00e7ev. Ekin Kurtdarcan, s. 17. Beledian, \u201c\u00f6ns\u00f6z i\u015flevi g\u00f6ren bu b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn \u00f6zel bir amac\u0131\u201d oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor: \u201c\u015fahsi ve gayri \u015fahsi hik\u00e2yeleri tarih ba\u011flam\u0131na oturtmak.\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n [4] \u00c7ok benzer bir anlat\u0131y\u0131, Zabel Yesayan\u2019\u0131n 1915\u2019ten \u00f6nce, 1909 Kilikya Katliamlar\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda Patrikhane\u2019nin g\u00f6revlendirdi\u011fi bir heyetle Mersin\u2019e gitti\u011finde kocas\u0131na yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 ilk mektuptan sat\u0131rlarda g\u00f6rebiliriz: \u201cKendimi her ne kadar o korkun\u00e7 felakete haz\u0131rlam\u0131\u015f olsam da, haberlerin abart\u0131l\u0131 oldu\u011funu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnm\u00fc\u015f olsam da, g\u00f6rd\u00fcklerim o denli korkutucu ki, her t\u00fcrl\u00fc hayal g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fcn \u00fczerinde\u2026 \u00d6l\u00fcm, y\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131, a\u00e7l\u0131k, hastal\u0131k ve zindan\u2026\u201d, aktaran Nichanian, \u201cZabel Yesayan ve Yurtta\u015fl\u0131k \u0130lkesi\u201d, Zabel Yesayan, Y\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131lar Aras\u0131nda i\u00e7inde, \u00e7ev. Kayu\u015f \u00c7al\u0131kman Gavrilof (Aras Yay\u0131nc\u0131l\u0131k, 2014), s. 16.<\/em><\/p>\n [5] age, Beledian, s. 13.<\/em><\/p>\n [6] Rober Kopta\u015f, \u201cFelaketin Ortas\u0131nda Bir Komik\u201d, K24, 23 Nisan 2022.<\/em><\/p>\n [7] Marc Nichanian, Edebiyat ve Felaket, \u00e7ev. Ay\u015feg\u00fcl S\u00f6nmezay (\u0130leti\u015fim Yay\u0131nlar\u0131, 2011), s. 27. Idelbar Avelar, burada bahsedilen i\u015fkence meselesini G\u00fcney Amerika, Arjantin, \u015eili \u00f6rnekleri \u00fczerinden tart\u0131\u015f\u0131r; Nichanian bu kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmay\u0131 \u201cedebiyat ile Felaket aras\u0131nda var oldu\u011funu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ve a\u00e7\u0131klamaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00f6ze dayal\u0131 ili\u015fkinin t\u0131pat\u0131p ayn\u0131s\u0131\u201d oldu\u011fu \u015feklinde yorumlar. \u201cDil\u201d de bu konuda ba\u015fat roldedir; Odyan\u2019\u0131n hat\u0131rat\u0131n\u0131 Jamanak\u2019ta Ermenice yay\u0131nlad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 da ge\u00e7erken belirtelim.<\/em><\/p>\n [8] Kopta\u015f\u2019\u0131n Felaket i\u00e7in kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u201cmikrokozmos\u201d kavram\u0131n\u0131 Odyan\u2019\u0131n yazarl\u0131k evreni \u015feklinde geni\u015fletmek m\u00fcmk\u00fcn; sunu\u015f yaz\u0131s\u0131nda Beledian\u2019\u0131n, \u201chakikate roman bi\u00e7iminde yakla\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131\u201d s\u00f6yledi\u011fi devasa eseri Tiv 17 Khafien (17 Numaral\u0131 Hafiye) kitab\u0131, Odyan\u2019\u0131n kozmos\u2019unun soyk\u0131r\u0131m-sonras\u0131yla ili\u015fkilendirilebilece\u011fini g\u00f6steriyor, zira Halep\u2019te bulundu\u011fu s\u0131rada bir komiser, Odyan\u2019\u0131n \u201c17 numaral\u0131\u201d odaya g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcp orada hapsedilmesini ister. Hemen devam\u0131nda da Ar\u015favir ad\u0131nda bir muhbirden bahseder Odyan, ki onun gibi bir yazar i\u00e7in bu da bir tesad\u00fcf say\u0131lamaz (Lanetli Y\u0131llar, s. 285).<\/em><\/p>\n [9] Aram Andonyan\u2019\u0131n hayat hik\u00e2yesi de yaln\u0131zca tehcirde ya\u015fad\u0131klar\u0131yla de\u011fil, ba\u015fka bir\u00e7ok konuda da di\u011fer Ermeni entelekt\u00fceller i\u00e7in ge\u00e7erli oldu\u011fu gibi Odyan\u2019la benzerlik g\u00f6sterir. Andonyan usta bir polemik\u00e7i, yazar ve gazeteci olman\u0131n yan\u0131s\u0131ra siyasi partilere pek yak\u0131n durmam\u0131\u015f, \u00f6zg\u00fcn fikirlerini savunmu\u015ftur. Beledian\u2019\u0131n sunu\u015funda da an\u0131lan Andonyan, soyk\u0131r\u0131m belgeleriyle de pek \u00e7ok tart\u0131\u015fmaya konu olmu\u015ftur. En bilinen eserlerinden Balkan Sava\u015f\u0131, imparatorlu\u011fun belki de en korkun\u00e7 sava\u015f\u0131n\u0131 hen\u00fcz s\u00fcrmekteyken, sansasyona ve spek\u00fclasyona a\u00e7\u0131k \u015fekilde anlat\u0131r. Bkz. Zaven Biberyan\u2019\u0131n \u00e7evirisi ve Anahide Ter Minassian\u2019\u0131n \u00f6ns\u00f6z\u00fc ve g\u00fcncellenmi\u015f bask\u0131s\u0131yla Aras Yay\u0131nc\u0131l\u0131k edisyonu \u20131. Bask\u0131 1999, g\u00fcncellenmi\u015f 3. bask\u0131 2021.<\/em><\/p>\n [10] Artun Gebenlio\u011flu, \u201cBitmemi\u015f Bir Hesapla\u015fma\u201d, Notos, Say\u0131: 89, Kas\u0131m-Aral\u0131k 2021, s. 36. Gebenlio\u011flu, Biberyan hakk\u0131ndaki yorumuna \u015f\u00f6yle devam ediyor: \u201cBiberyan (\u2026) \u00fc\u00e7 bu\u00e7uk y\u0131l kald\u0131\u011f\u0131 Beyrut\u2019tan d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcn ard\u0131ndan edebiyat\u0131 pusula edinmi\u015f, y\u0131k\u0131m\u0131n g\u00f6lgesinde ya\u015fam\u0131 temsil edecek dilin s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131 edebiyat yoluyla ke\u015ffe \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Bu do\u011frultuda da Biberyan\u2019\u0131n etik kayg\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n izini s\u00fcrmek ve her a\u015famas\u0131nda politik imk\u00e2nlar yaratmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 edebiyat ya\u015fant\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 da ele almak bizi onun felaketine bir ad\u0131m daha yakla\u015ft\u0131racak.\u201d Biberyan\u2019\u0131n 1943\u2019teki Naf\u0131a askerli\u011fi boyunca \u00e7ekti\u011fi eziyetler ve g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fleri nedeniyle ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bask\u0131 ortam\u0131, siyaseten ve ba\u015fka bir\u00e7ok bak\u0131mdan birbirlerine benzemeseler de Odyan\u2019la k\u0131yaslanabilir.<\/em><\/p>\n [11] Odyan\u2019\u0131n \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnden sonra bir makale kaleme alan Teotig \u015f\u00f6yle s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor: \u201cHaydarpa\u015fa\u2019dan g\u00fcne\u015ften kavrulmu\u015f F\u0131rat vadilerine kadar aradaki mesafeyi \u00f6l\u00e7t\u00fcn ve o yaln\u0131z, hi\u00e7 bitmeyen Golgota\u2019dan g\u00f6zlerini, t\u0131pk\u0131 bir kamera gibi, her y\u00f6ne \u00e7evirdin, o korkun\u00e7 sefalete yarenlik ettin, ama ahl\u00e2ki g\u00fcc\u00fcnden hi\u00e7 \u00f6d\u00fcn vermedin. D\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnde sana takt\u0131\u011f\u0131m \u2018sa\u011fkalan\u2019 l\u00e2kab\u0131n\u0131 alaya alan da sendin\u2026\u201d, aktaran Beledian, age, s. 23.<\/em><\/p>\n Onur Ko\u00e7yi\u011fit\u00a0 Yervant Odyan\u2019\u0131n Yolda\u015f Pan\u00e7uni kitab\u0131 sol anlay\u0131\u015fa sahip yay\u0131nevlerinin \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131 aras\u0131nda handiyse k\u00fclt bir eser say\u0131l\u0131r \u2013bir\u00e7ok yay\u0131nc\u0131n\u0131n s\u0131k\u0131c\u0131 uzunluktaki kitap fuar\u0131 g\u00fcnlerinde mesai t\u00fcketmek i\u00e7in Pan\u00e7uni\u2019yle e\u011flendi\u011fine pek \u00e7ok kez \u015fahit oldum. O ki, bu t\u00fcr yay\u0131nc\u0131lar\u0131n ofislerinden de bir\u00e7ok Pan\u00e7uni gelip ge\u00e7ti\u011finden, Odyan\u2019\u0131n kendisi olmasa da yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131 karakter me\u015fhurdur. 1909\u2019da yay\u0131nlamaya […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":82950,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[44,1,54,70,19],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-82949","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ermeni-soykirimi","category-haberler","category-kitaplar-elestiriler","category-makaleler","category-unluler"],"yoast_head":"\nCihan harbi: \u201cErmenileri yok etmek i\u00e7in bir f\u0131rsat\u201d<\/h2>\n
Felaketi yazmak<\/h2>\n
\u015eiddeti mizahla kar\u015f\u0131lamak<\/h2>\n
\n\u201cAziz Nuri\u201d diye cevaplad\u0131m.
\n\u201cNerelisin?\u201d
\n\u201c\u0130stanbullu.\u201d
\n\u201cTezkeren var m\u0131?\u201d
\n\u201c\u0130\u015fte.\u201d
\n\u201cM\u00fcsl\u00fcman olmu\u015fsun ha\u201d dedi alayla.
\n\u201cEvet, hepimiz olduk\u201d diye cevaplad\u0131m.
\n\u201cEee! \u0130slam\u2019\u0131n \u015fart\u0131 ka\u00e7t\u0131r?\u201d diye sordu yine alayla.
\n\u201cBe\u015f\u201d diye cevaplad\u0131m.
\n\u201cNedir o \u015fartlar?\u201d
\n\u201cHac, ibadet, zekat\u2026 \u0130ki tane daha var, ama akl\u0131ma gelmiyor.\u201d
\n\u201cNas\u0131l olur da bilmezsin?\u201d
\n\u201cNe yapay\u0131m, \u00f6\u011fretmediler ki bileyim.\u201d
\nSonra dikkatle y\u00fcz\u00fcme bakarak k\u0131sa kesmi\u015f oldu\u011fum b\u0131y\u0131klar\u0131m\u0131 kastederek: \u201cHangi kitapta b\u0131y\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 b\u00f6yle kesmen yaz\u0131yor, \u0130ncil-i \u015eerif\u2019te mi?\u201d
\n\u201cEnver Pa\u015fa en son Hama\u2019dan ge\u00e7ti\u011finde b\u0131y\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 kesti\u011fini g\u00f6rd\u00fcm, onu \u00f6rnek ald\u0131m\u201d diye cevaplad\u0131m.
\n\u201cM\u00fcsl\u00fcmanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bir tarafa koy da eski ad\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yle bakal\u0131m.\u201d
\n\u201cYervant Odyan.\u201d
\n\u201cAran\u0131zda bir gazeteci varm\u0131\u015f, kimdir o?\u201d
\n\u201cBilmiyorum, ben lambac\u0131y\u0131m.\u201d (Burada k\u0131sa bir s\u00fcre yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 mesle\u011fini kastediyor.)<\/p>\nKaynak 1+1 Express, say\u0131 180, Yaz 2022<\/h4>\n
\nhttps:\/\/tarihvetoplumlar.com\/onur-kocyigit-der-zor-yolundan-manzaralar\/\u00a0<\/strong><\/em><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"