{"id":82696,"date":"2025-03-17T02:45:45","date_gmt":"2025-03-17T07:45:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=82696"},"modified":"2025-03-17T02:45:45","modified_gmt":"2025-03-17T07:45:45","slug":"soykirima-karsi-ayaga-kalkan-teolog-johannes-lepsius","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=82696","title":{"rendered":"Soyk\u0131r\u0131ma kar\u015f\u0131 aya\u011fa kalkan teolog: Johannes Lepsius"},"content":{"rendered":"
\"\"<\/div>\n
Nazan \u00d6zcan<\/a> <\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/div>\n

Ermeni Soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131\u2019na dair belgeleri Alman politikac\u0131lara ula\u015ft\u0131ran ilk ki\u015fi olan Alman teolog Johannes Lepsius ve \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131, Lepsiushaus\u2019un direkt\u00f6r\u00fc Dr. Roy Knocke anlatt\u0131.<\/span><\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

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\u201cOsmanl\u0131 \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu’nun ba\u015fl\u0131ca askeri m\u00fcttefiki olan Alman \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu da bu operasyonlarda yer alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ba\u015f\u0131ndan beri Alman \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu’nun hem siyasi hem de askeri liderli\u011fi Ermenilere yap\u0131lan zul\u00fcm ve katliamlardan haberdard\u0131. Protestan ilahiyat\u00e7\u0131 Dr. Johannes Lepsius, Temmuz\/A\u011fustos 1915’te \u0130stanbul’da yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131rman\u0131n sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 5 Ekim 1915’te Alman Reichstag’\u0131na sundu\u011funda, konu Alman \u0130mparatorluk H\u00fck\u00fcmeti taraf\u0131ndan sans\u00fcr alt\u0131na al\u0131nd\u0131. 1916’da do\u011frudan Reichstag \u00fcyelerine g\u00f6nderdi\u011fi \u2018T\u00fcrkiye’deki Ermeni Halk\u0131n\u0131n Durumu Hakk\u0131nda Rapor\u2019 da Alman askeri sans\u00fcr\u00fc taraf\u0131ndan yasaklanm\u0131\u015f, el konulmu\u015f ve ancak 1919’da I. D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131 sona erdikten sonra parlamento \u00fcyelerine teslim edilmi\u015ftir.\u201d
\n2 Haziran 2016\u2019da Alman Parlementosu, Ermeni Soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131\u2019n\u0131 kabul eden tasar\u0131y\u0131 yukar\u0131daki s\u00f6zlerle onaylarken, Johannes Lepsius sayesinde herkesin her \u015feyi bildi\u011fini ancak bir \u015fey yapmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kabul ediyordu. Lepsius\u2019un 100 y\u0131l \u00f6nce duyurmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 sesi, ancak 100 y\u0131l sonra duyulabilmi\u015fti.
\nErmeni Soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131\u2019na m\u00fcdahale edilmesi i\u00e7in Alman politikac\u0131lara kan\u0131tlarla raporlar g\u00f6nderen ve soyk\u0131r\u0131ma kar\u015f\u0131 sesini y\u00fckseltmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan ilk ki\u015fi olan teolog Lepsius\u2019un miras\u0131n\u0131\u00a0 koruyan Lepsiushaus\u2019un direkt\u00f6r\u00fc Dr. Roy Knocke ile 110. y\u0131la yakla\u015f\u0131rken, Lepsius\u2019un hem politik hem insani tavr\u0131n\u0131 konu\u015ftuk.<\/p>\n

Lepsius kimdir ve Ermeniler, T\u00fcrkiye, Almanya ve Ermeni Soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00f6nemi nedir?<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"Johannes<\/div>\n
Johannes Lepsius, 1890’lar.<\/span><\/em><\/div>\n

Dr. Johannes Lepsius, Alman bir teolog ve bir hay\u0131rseverdi. Ermenilerle ili\u015fkileri de, Ermeni katliamlar\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda ba\u015flad\u0131. Ermeni katliamlar\u0131n\u0131 duydu\u011fundan ilk ba\u015fta inanmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc Osmanl\u0131 \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu\u2019nda geziler yapm\u0131\u015f, iki sene Kud\u00fcs\u2019te ya\u015fam\u0131\u015ft\u0131 ve Osmanl\u0131\u2019y\u0131 az \u00e7ok tan\u0131yordu. \u201cOsmanl\u0131 bunu yapamaz\u201d demi\u015fti. Sonra 1800\u2019lerin sonunda durumu g\u00f6rmeye \u0130stanbul\u2019a geldi. Bir t\u00fcr ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131 gazeteci gibi. Sonra katliam b\u00f6lgelerine gitti, kan\u0131tlar toplad\u0131, hayatta kalanlarla konu\u015ftu ve en sonunda inand\u0131. Lepsius art\u0131k bir tan\u0131kt\u0131 ve olan bir katliamd\u0131. Sonra Alman \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu\u2019na d\u00f6nd\u00fc ve bir kitap yazd\u0131. 300 sayfal\u0131k \u201cErmenistan ve Avrupa\u201d. Bu kitap, Ermeni katliamlar\u0131n\u0131n ilk zamanlar\u0131n\u0131 anlatan ilk belgeydi.
\nBu kitap her \u015feyi anlat\u0131yordu. \u0130ngilizce, Frans\u0131zca, Rus\u00e7a\u2019ya \u00e7evrildi. Kitapla beraber Lepsius da Alman \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu\u2019nda Ermeni soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 hakk\u0131nda bilgisine ilk ba\u015fvurulacak ki\u015fi oldu. Sonras\u0131nda Ermeni k\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 ve olan bitenle ilgili yay\u0131nlar yapt\u0131. Ayr\u0131ca Ermenileri korumak ve g\u00fcvenli yerlere alabilmek i\u00e7in, Osmanl\u0131\u2019da bir yard\u0131m toplulu\u011fu olu\u015fturdu.
\nYani iki ayak vard\u0131. Birincisi bug\u00fcn politik aktivizm dedi\u011fimiz ayak, katliamlara ili\u015fkin kamuoyunda ses y\u00fckseltmek, ikinci olarak da insani yard\u0131m aya\u011f\u0131. Bu ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7t\u0131. Sonras\u0131nda yani 1. D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda Lepsius, Ermenilerin s\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne dair dedikodular duyuyordu ancak sans\u00fcr zaman\u0131yd\u0131 ve bilgi alabilmek pek kolay de\u011fildi. \u0130stanbul\u2019a geldi ve Enver Pa\u015fa ile g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. Lepsius bir \u015fekilde bir anla\u015fma yapabilece\u011fini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyordu. Enver Pa\u015fa kabul etmedi, \u201cBiz bu hainlerle i\u015fimizi kendimiz halletmeliyiz\u201d dedi. Lepsius o zaman anlad\u0131: Bu, \u015fimdi soyk\u0131r\u0131m dedi\u011fimiz \u015feydi ama o zaman bunu anlatacak bir s\u00f6zc\u00fck yoktu. Ve soyk\u0131r\u0131m i\u00e7in Almanca bir kelime kulland\u0131;\u00a0V\u00f6lkermord<\/em>. Bu Almanca kelime tam anlam\u0131yla soyk\u0131r\u0131m demekti. T\u00fcm bir halk\u0131n \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclmesini kapsayan bu kelimeyi kullanmas\u0131n\u0131n sebebi de, san\u0131r\u0131m Enver Pa\u015fa ile yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 konu\u015fmada b\u00fct\u00fcn bir halk\u0131n \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclece\u011fini anlam\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131yd\u0131. Akabinde Lepsius, Sofya ve sonras\u0131nda Alman \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu\u2019na gitti. Sofya\u2019da s\u00fcrg\u00fcn belgelerini edindi. Sonra Postdam \u2019a geldi ve 1915\u2019te bir kitap daha yazd\u0131. \u0130smi \u201cT\u00fcrkiye\u2019deki Ermenilerin Durumu Hakk\u0131nda Rapor\u201ddu. Bunlar soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131n ilk belgeleriydi. Bu kitapta vilayetleri, illeri, istatistikleri, hikayeleri, s\u00fcrg\u00fcn\u00fc, \u00f6l\u00fcmleri anlatt\u0131. J\u00f6n T\u00fcrkler\u2019in az\u0131nl\u0131klara dair milliyet\u00e7i tutumlar\u0131n\u0131 da.<\/p>\n

Bu ikinci kitap, ciddi bir sans\u00fcre u\u011frad\u0131. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc Alman \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu, Osmanl\u0131 \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu\u2019nun m\u00fcttefikiydi.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Her yere g\u00f6ndermeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131 ama ciddi sans\u00fcr vard\u0131. Ayr\u0131ca kitap da bas\u0131lmad\u0131, Lepsius kendi bast\u0131rd\u0131. Alman \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu\u2019ndaki baz\u0131 insanlara g\u00f6re zaten bir haindi. Kitab\u0131 20 bin kopya bast\u0131rd\u0131 ve gazetelere, kiliselere, Alman Parlamentosu\u2019ndaki isimlere g\u00f6nderdi.<\/p>\n

Alman Parlamentosu nas\u0131l tepki verdi ya da veremedi?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Bir i\u015fe yaramad\u0131 diyebiliriz. Parlamentodaki bir parlamenter arkada\u015f\u0131 sayesinde k\u0131sa bir tart\u0131\u015fma yap\u0131ld\u0131. Arkada\u015f\u0131, Meclis\u2019e, Lepsius\u2019un s\u00f6ylediklerinin do\u011fru olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 sordu. Alman h\u00fck\u00fcmeti, \u201cCevap veremeyiz \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc sava\u015ftay\u0131z ve bu belgeler gizli, Osmanl\u0131 ile askeri i\u015fbirli\u011fimiz var\u201d dedi. Asl\u0131nda Alman h\u00fck\u00fcmeti de Haziran-Temmuz 1915\u2019ten beri biliyordu durumu. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc Osmanl\u0131 \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu\u2019nun her yerindeki Alman diplomatlar, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar var. Ama bir \u015fey yapmak istemiyorlard\u0131. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc m\u00fcttefiklik vard\u0131 ve umursam\u0131yorlard\u0131. Lepsius\u2019a d\u00f6nersek, soyk\u0131r\u0131m hakk\u0131nda sessiz kalman\u0131n bir ahlaki felaket oldu\u011funu anlad\u0131. Yani sava\u015f bitecekti ve Almanya su\u00e7 orta\u011f\u0131 olacakt\u0131. Soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131n sesini bast\u0131r\u0131rsan\u0131z sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 ya\u015fars\u0131n\u0131z. Kitab\u0131n\u0131 da 1916\u2019da yasaklad\u0131lar. Almanya tarihinin bir k\u0131sm\u0131\u2026<\/p>\n

Bununla ne demek istiyorsunuz?<\/strong>
\n\u0130kinci D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131, Nazi rejimi vs\u2026 Lepsius yol g\u00f6sterici gibi. Lepsius cesaret g\u00f6sterip aya\u011fa kalkan biri. H\u00fck\u00fcmetlere kar\u015f\u0131, hay\u0131r ben bu yoldan gitmeyece\u011fim diyen biri. Bu yol yanl\u0131\u015f. Bence en \u00f6nemlisi bu.<\/p>\n

2016\u2019da Alman Parlamentosu, Ermeni Soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131\u2019n\u0131 tan\u0131d\u0131 ve orada Lepsius\u2019u and\u0131. \u00dczerinden 10 y\u0131l ge\u00e7ti, Lepsius\u2019un enstit\u00fcs\u00fcnde ya da genel olarak insanlar \u00fczerinde ne gibi bir de\u011fi\u015fiklik yapt\u0131 bu tan\u0131ma?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131n kabul\u00fc, bir geli\u015fmeydi. Ama Alman h\u00fck\u00fcmetinin Ermeni Soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 konusundaki ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar i\u00e7in b\u00fcy\u00fck bir at\u0131l\u0131m\u0131 oldu dersek yalan olur.<\/p>\n

En az\u0131ndan Lepsius, sesini Alman Meclisi\u2019ne duyurabildi diyebilir miyiz?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Belki 100 y\u0131l sonra ama evet sesini duyurdu.<\/p>\n

Bu y\u0131l Ermeni Soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131\u2019n\u0131n 110. y\u0131l\u0131. Enstit\u00fcn\u00fcz\u00fcn bir plan\u0131 var m\u0131?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Lepsiushaus, bir e\u011fitim ve ara\u015ft\u0131rma merkezi. Merkez, Lepsius\u2019un ailesiyle ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131, Postdam \u2019daki ev. Biz akademik ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar ve e\u011fitim \u00fczerine \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yoruz. Akademik ara\u015ft\u0131rma olarak, Lepsius\u2019un en \u00f6nemli i\u015fi olan Ermeni sorunu hakk\u0131ndaki i\u015flerinini modern bir yorumla yay\u0131nl\u0131yoruz. Ayr\u0131ca devam eden bir projemiz daha var: Alman misyonerlerin Osmanl\u0131 \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu\u2019ndaki insani yard\u0131m konusundaki rol\u00fc \u00fczerine \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yoruz. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc \u00e7ok farkl\u0131 bak\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131yla \u00e7al\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015f bir\u00e7ok ki\u015fi var. Ge\u00e7en Aral\u0131k\u2019ta bir kitap \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131k, ayr\u0131ca bir de gezici sergi yapt\u0131k.
\nE\u011fitim ise kamusal etkinlikler oluyor. Lepsiushaus\u2019da bir sergi var, Lepsius\u2019un \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131 ve Ermeni Soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131\u2019n\u0131 anlat\u0131yor. Ayr\u0131ca yeni olarak, okullarda soyk\u0131r\u0131m e\u011fitimi veriyoruz, bu e\u011fitimler i\u00e7in de metaryaller\u00a0 geli\u015ftiriyoruz.<\/p>\n

\n

“Herkes biliyor, kimse m\u00fcdahale etmiyor”<\/p>\n

\u015eiddet, katliam, k\u0131r\u0131m, soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u2026 Kimse ge\u00e7mi\u015ften bir \u015fey \u00f6\u011frenmiyor galiba. Mesela \u015fu an Karaba\u011f\u2019da ve Gazze\u2019de ya\u015fanan \u201csoyk\u0131r\u0131m benzeri \u015fiddeti\u201d nas\u0131l yorumluyorsunuz? Ge\u00e7mi\u015fte ya\u015fanan \u015fiddetle ili\u015fkisi nedir sizce?<\/h4>\n

Neden ge\u00e7mi\u015ften \u00f6\u011frenmiyoruz, bu tarihin b\u00fcy\u00fck sorusu. Tarih\u00e7i olarak bizler, ge\u00e7mi\u015fle \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r\u0131z. Hegel, Minerva\u2019n\u0131n ak\u015fam u\u00e7maya ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yler. Benzerlikler var tabii. Ermeni Soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 da, Karaba\u011f\u2019da olanlar\u0131 da herkes biliyor. Ancak kimse bir \u015fey yapm\u0131yor. Yani beni rahats\u0131z eden Karaba\u011fl\u0131 insanlar\u0131n kaderi de\u011fil, kimsenin m\u00fcdahale etmemesi.\u00a0 Ermeni Soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 ile Karaba\u011f aras\u0131ndaki en belirgin \u00f6zellik buydu. Herkes biliyordu ama kimse m\u00fcdahale etmedi.<\/p>\n

Peki Gazze<\/strong>?<\/p>\n

Orada da soyk\u0131r\u0131mvari bir \u015fiddet ya\u015fan\u0131yor. Benzerli\u011fe bak\u0131nca, Filistinlilerin hi\u00e7 \u00fclkesi olmad\u0131, Ermenilerin de \u00f6yle. Tabii Ermenistan Cumhuriyeti var ama bir his olarak diyorum. Bu bir benzerlik. Ayr\u0131ca, 7 Ekim\u2019de evet bir sald\u0131r\u0131 vard\u0131, tabii ki bir reaksiyon oldu, bunu anlayabiliyorum ama sivillere kar\u015f\u0131 giri\u015filen k\u0131y\u0131m\u0131n seviyesini anlayam\u0131yorum. Hukuk\u00e7u de\u011filim, hukuken bunun ismini koyamam ama tarih\u00e7i olarak bunun soyk\u0131r\u0131mvari bir \u015fiddet oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yleyebilirim. Ayn\u0131 zamanda \u0130srail h\u00fck\u00fcmetinin kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131 nefret dili, nefret s\u00f6ylemi de soyk\u0131r\u0131mvari \u015fiddete girer. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc soyk\u0131r\u0131m bir eylem ya da hareket de\u011fil, bir s\u00fcre\u00e7tir. Yani soyk\u0131r\u0131ma bir anl\u0131k bir eylem olarak de\u011fil, s\u00fcre\u00e7 olarak bakmak gerek. Karaba\u011f\u2019a bak\u0131nca da bunu g\u00f6r\u00fcrs\u00fcn\u00fcz, Azeri propagandas\u0131 h\u00e2l\u00e2 devam ediyor mesela. Karaba\u011f\u2019\u0131n k\u00fclt\u00fcrel miras\u0131n\u0131 susturuyorlar. San\u0131r\u0131m b\u00fct\u00fcn Minervalar yerine konduktan sonra tarih\u00e7iler son s\u00f6zlerini s\u00f6yleyebilirler.<\/p>\n

https:\/\/www.agos.com.tr\/tr\/yazi\/32129\/soykirima-karsi-ayaga-kalkan-teolog-johannes-lepsius\u00a0<\/strong><\/em><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Nazan \u00d6zcan Ermeni Soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131\u2019na dair belgeleri Alman politikac\u0131lara ula\u015ft\u0131ran ilk ki\u015fi olan Alman teolog Johannes Lepsius ve \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131, Lepsiushaus\u2019un direkt\u00f6r\u00fc Dr. Roy Knocke anlatt\u0131. \u201cOsmanl\u0131 \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu’nun ba\u015fl\u0131ca askeri m\u00fcttefiki olan Alman \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu da bu operasyonlarda yer alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ba\u015f\u0131ndan beri Alman \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu’nun hem siyasi hem de askeri liderli\u011fi Ermenilere yap\u0131lan zul\u00fcm ve katliamlardan haberdard\u0131. Protestan ilahiyat\u00e7\u0131 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":82697,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[44,1,71],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-82696","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ermeni-soykirimi","category-haberler","category-mulakatlar"],"yoast_head":"\nSoyk\u0131r\u0131ma kar\u015f\u0131 aya\u011fa kalkan teolog: Johannes Lepsius - Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=82696\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Soyk\u0131r\u0131ma kar\u015f\u0131 aya\u011fa kalkan teolog: Johannes Lepsius - Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Nazan \u00d6zcan Ermeni Soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131\u2019na dair belgeleri Alman politikac\u0131lara ula\u015ft\u0131ran ilk ki\u015fi olan Alman teolog Johannes Lepsius ve \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131, Lepsiushaus\u2019un direkt\u00f6r\u00fc Dr. Roy Knocke anlatt\u0131. \u201cOsmanl\u0131 \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu’nun ba\u015fl\u0131ca askeri m\u00fcttefiki olan Alman \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu da bu operasyonlarda yer alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ba\u015f\u0131ndan beri Alman \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu’nun hem siyasi hem de askeri liderli\u011fi Ermenilere yap\u0131lan zul\u00fcm ve katliamlardan haberdard\u0131. 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