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\u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcm S\u00fcreci\u2019nin PKK\u2019dan ve Erdo\u011fan\u2019dan gelen kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 volelerle ekarte edilmesinden bir s\u00fcre sonra (ki \u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcm S\u00fcreci\u2019nin g\u00f6m\u00fclmesi gerek devlet-iktidar gerek PKK i\u00e7in bir kazan-kazan operasyonuydu) PKK G\u00fcneydo\u011fu\u2019daki K\u00fcrt \u015fehirlerinde alan tutmay\u0131 ve orada kal\u0131p devlete kar\u015f\u0131 direnmeyi hedefleyen Hendek \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131 ba\u015flatt\u0131. Bu da K\u00fcrtlerin silaha ve -silahl\u0131 direni\u015fte \u0131srara etti\u011fi s\u00fcrece- PKK\u2019ya geri d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fs\u00fcz olarak k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 kart g\u00f6stermesi sonucunu do\u011furdu.<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n Alper G\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015f<\/strong><\/p>\n Silahs\u0131z K\u00fcrtlerin (K\u00fcrt halk\u0131) silaha ve silahl\u0131 K\u00fcrtlere (PKK) tavr\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7tan bu yana hangi a\u015famalardan ge\u00e7ip k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 karta vard\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ele ald\u0131\u011f\u0131m dizinin son b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcndeyiz.<\/p>\n 2004\u2019teki sar\u0131 karttan sonra K\u00fcrtlerin silah kar\u015f\u0131t\u0131 e\u011filimleri bir daha eskiye d\u00f6nmemek \u00fczere b\u00fcy\u00fcmeye devam etti. Bunda ba\u015fl\u0131ca iki etmen temel bir rol oynad\u0131: 2005\u2019ten itibaren K\u00fcrt kimli\u011fi ba\u011flam\u0131nda o zamana kadar tabu say\u0131lan baz\u0131 alanlarda \u00f6nemli ilerlemeler sa\u011flanmas\u0131 ve legal K\u00fcrt hareketinin g\u00fc\u00e7lenerek siyasal taleptebulunma kapasitesinin artmas\u0131.<\/p>\n Ne var ki bu geli\u015fmeler PKK\u2019da ontolojik endi\u015felere yol a\u00e7\u0131yor, \u00f6rg\u00fct K\u00fcrt halk\u0131ndaki silah antipatisinin bir s\u00fcre sonra PKK\u2019n\u0131n silahl\u0131 varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 anlams\u0131zla\u015ft\u0131rabilece\u011fini hissediyordu.<\/p>\n 1999\u2019da ba\u015flayan ate\u015fkesin 2005\u2019te bozulmas\u0131 karar\u0131n\u0131 veren Abdullah \u00d6calan 2011\u2019de ba\u015flayan Arap bahar\u0131n\u0131n ilk d\u00f6nemindeki silahs\u0131z kitlesel eylemlerin verdi\u011fi ilhamla silah konusunda \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fcyle farkl\u0131 bir bak\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 geli\u015ftirmeye ba\u015flad\u0131. M\u0131s\u0131r\u2019da Tahrir meydan\u0131ndaki, y\u00fcz binlerce insan\u0131n kat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve \u015fiddetin her t\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc d\u0131\u015flayan direni\u015f s\u00fcrerken avukatlar\u0131 arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla d\u0131\u015far\u0131ya \u015fu mesaj\u0131 g\u00f6nderdi:<\/p>\n \u201c(\u2026) \u00d6rne\u011fin Diyarbak\u0131r\u2019da halk, M\u0131s\u0131r\u2019daki gibi g\u00fcnlerce sokaklardan ayr\u0131lmazsa, taleplerini dile getirirse, i\u015fte o zaman bar\u0131\u015f gelir, bak\u0131n bakal\u0131m o zaman AKP kal\u0131r m\u0131 kalmaz m\u0131, i\u015fte o zaman Erdo\u011fan\u2019\u0131n kendisi bu sorunun \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc talep edecektir. Ayr\u0131ca Diyarbak\u0131r\u2019da milyonlarca ki\u015fiyi biraraya toplayacak g\u00fc\u00e7leri de vard\u0131r. Bu y\u00f6ntem de bir \u00f6zsavunmad\u0131r. Ben burada tahrik\u00e7ilik yapm\u0131yorum. K\u00fcrt sorununun demokratik-bar\u0131\u015f\u00e7\u0131l \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn yollar\u0131n\u0131 ar\u0131yorum.\u201d<\/p>\n \u00d6calan\u2019\u0131n s\u00f6zlerinden iki ay kadar sonra (Nisan 2011) Diyarbak\u0131r\u2019da \u201cdemokratik \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm \u00e7ad\u0131rlar\u0131\u201d kuruldu ve halka \u201csivil itaatsizlik\u201d \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131 yap\u0131ld\u0131\u2026 Ahmet T\u00fcrk, \u201cPanzerler bizi ezseler dahi hi\u00e7bir eyleme kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k vermeyece\u011fiz\u201d diyerek tipik bir \u201cTahrir direni\u015fi\u201d tarifi yapt\u0131 ama i\u015fler tam \u00f6yle gitmedi. Hatta bir a\u015famada Abdullah \u00d6calan devreye girmek ve \u201cTa\u015fa sopaya gerek yok\u201d demek zorunda kald\u0131.<\/p>\n Hi\u00e7 ku\u015fkusuz \u201csivil itaatsizlik\u201din \u201cTahrir tarz\u0131\u201dnda y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclememesinde devletin nas\u0131l m\u00fccadele edece\u011fini bilmedi\u011fi pasif direni\u015fi \u00e7\u0131\u011f\u0131r\u0131ndan \u00e7\u0131kart\u0131p, nas\u0131l m\u00fccadele edece\u011fini \u00e7ok iyi bildi\u011fi bir bi\u00e7ime b\u00fcr\u00fcnd\u00fcrmek i\u00e7in giri\u015fti\u011fi k\u0131\u015fk\u0131rt\u0131c\u0131\u00e7abalar\u0131n \u00f6nemli bir rol\u00fc vard\u0131. Bir foto\u011fraf\u0131 hi\u00e7 unutam\u0131yorum: Polisler \u201cdemokratik \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u201d \u00e7ad\u0131rlar\u0131ndan birini bo\u015faltm\u0131\u015flar, her nedense katlamadan, kaz\u0131klar\u0131ndan tutarak g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcyorlard\u0131\u2026 \u201c\u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcm \u00e7ad\u0131r\u0131\u201d d\u00f6rt ki\u015finin aras\u0131nda t\u0131pk\u0131 bir tabuta benzemi\u015fti\u2026 \u00c7ok d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fc, \u00fcrpertici bir foto\u011fraft\u0131.<\/p>\n Fakat as\u0131l d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fc olan PKK\u2019n\u0131n, \u00d6calan\u2019\u0131n \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131yla ba\u015flat\u0131lan sivil itaatsizlikten fazla ho\u015flanmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6steren i\u015faretlerdi. Eyl\u00fcl 2011\u2019de kaleme ald\u0131\u011f\u0131m bir yaz\u0131da PKK\u2019n\u0131n tavr\u0131n\u0131 \u015f\u00f6yle de\u011ferlendirmi\u015ftim:<\/p>\n \u201cBa\u015fbakan Erdo\u011fan\u2019\u0131n \u2018Sivil itaatsizlik de\u011fil, sivil iradesizlik\u2019 diyerek direni\u015fin ger\u00e7ek sahibi oldu\u011funu im\u00e2 etti\u011fi PKK, asl\u0131nda eylemlere \u015f\u00f6yle g\u00f6n\u00fclden, okkal\u0131 bir destek vermemi\u015fti. Sanki pek de ho\u015flanmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131 bu i\u015ften\u2026 Ve eylemler s\u00f6nd\u00fc gitti\u2026<\/p>\n \u201cO g\u00fcnlerde sivil itaatsizli\u011fin b\u00f6yle bir ak\u0131bete u\u011framas\u0131, \u00f6zellikle de PKK\u2019n\u0131n tavr\u0131 \u00fczerine \u00e7ok d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fcm\u2026 Sonunda, PKK\u2019n\u0131n AK Parti\u2019yi, devleti ve h\u00fck\u00fcmeti ger\u00e7ekten de \u00e7ok zor duruma d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrecek bu m\u00fccadeleye \u2018so\u011fuk\u2019 durmas\u0131n\u0131n kendisi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan \u2018makul\u2019 bir nedenini buldum: D\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcn; PKK\u2019n\u0131n silahla bir t\u00fcrl\u00fc ula\u015famad\u0131\u011f\u0131 hedeflere Diyarbak\u0131r Tahriri\u2019yle ula\u015f\u0131l\u0131yor\u2026 PKK\u2019n\u0131n b\u00f6yle bir sonu\u00e7la \u00e7ok ciddi bir inisiyatif kayb\u0131na u\u011frayaca\u011f\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131k de\u011fil mi?<\/p>\n \u201cBilmiyorum, belki de \u00d6calan \u2018Tahrir\u2019 \u00f6nerisi ile b\u00f6yle bir \u015feyi (de) hedeflemi\u015fti\u2026 Ve belki PKK da tam bu nedenle eylemlere \u2018so\u011fuk\u2019 durmu\u015ftu. (\u00d6calan\u2019\u0131n PKK\u2019y\u0131 t\u00fcmden devre d\u0131\u015f\u0131na itecek bir stratejisi oldu\u011fundan s\u00f6z etmiyorum; \u00d6calan\u2019\u0131n PKK\u2019s\u0131z, PKK\u2019n\u0131n da \u00d6calan\u2019s\u0131z yapamayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 biliyorum.)<\/p>\n \u201cHat\u0131rlay\u0131n: Sivil itaatsizlik eylemlerinden birka\u00e7ay sonra \u00d6calan \u201cDevletle anla\u015ft\u0131m, sava\u015fa gerek yok\u201d dedi\u011finde PKK \u2013benim tam emin olamad\u0131\u011f\u0131m bir teoriye g\u00f6re\u2013 \u2018\u00f6rg\u00fctsel beka korkusu\u2019na kap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, \u00d6calan\u2019\u0131 \u2018\u0130mral\u0131\u2019ya g\u00f6mmek\u2019 pahas\u0131na sava\u015f\u0131 h\u0131zland\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n \u201cBu teori do\u011fruysa, PKK\u2019n\u0131n Diyarbak\u0131r Tahrir\u2019ine so\u011fuk davranmas\u0131n\u0131 da \u2018\u00f6rg\u00fctsel beka korkusu\u2019yla a\u00e7\u0131klayabiliriz\u2026\u201d<\/p>\n Silah konusunda \u00d6calan ad\u0131m ad\u0131m \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fcnden ayr\u0131\u015f\u0131rken 2015\u2019te kart k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131ya d\u00f6n\u00fcyor<\/p>\n \u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcm \u00e7ad\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131n da\u011f\u0131t\u0131lmas\u0131ndan iki ay kadarsonra, Temmuz 2011\u2019den itibaren yeni bir \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmal\u0131 s\u00fcre\u00e7 ba\u015flad\u0131, ta ki 2013\u2019teki \u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcm S\u00fcreci\u2019ne kadar\u2026<\/p>\n Fakat silaha kar\u015f\u0131 yakla\u015f\u0131m konusunda K\u00fcrt taraf\u0131nda tablo art\u0131k netle\u015fmi\u015fti: Bir yanda Silahs\u0131z K\u00fcrtler, Selahattin Demirta\u015f liderli\u011findeki HDP ve \u00d6calan, \u00f6b\u00fcr tarafta PKK\u2026<\/p>\n \u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcm S\u00fcreci\u2019nin PKK\u2019dan ve Erdo\u011fan\u2019dan gelen kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 volelerle ekarte edilmesinden bir s\u00fcre sonra (ki \u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcm S\u00fcreci\u2019nin g\u00f6m\u00fclmesi gerek devlet-iktidar gerek PKK i\u00e7in bir kazan-kazan operasyonuydu) PKK G\u00fcneydo\u011fu\u2019daki K\u00fcrt \u015fehirlerinde alan tutmay\u0131 ve orada kal\u0131p devlete kar\u015f\u0131 direnmeyi hedefleyen Hendek \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131 ba\u015flatt\u0131. Bu da K\u00fcrtlerin silaha ve silahl\u0131 direni\u015fte \u0131srara etti\u011fi s\u00fcrece PKK\u2019ya geri d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fs\u00fcz bir k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 kart g\u00f6stermesi sonucunu do\u011furdu.<\/p>\n O g\u00fcnlere biraz bakal\u0131m\u2026<\/p>\n PKK \u015fehir sava\u015flar\u0131n\u0131 ba\u015flat\u0131rken s\u0131radan K\u00fcrtleri militanla\u015ft\u0131rabilece\u011fini ummu\u015ftu. Ne var ki b\u00fct\u00fcn \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131lara ra\u011fmen bu ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmedi.<\/p>\n PKK-KCK\u2019n\u0131n \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131lar\u0131 cevaps\u0131z kald\u0131k\u00e7a, her yeni \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131ya bir hayret ifadesi siniyor; 30 y\u0131ld\u0131r da\u011fda sava\u015fan militanlar\u0131n diline, \u201cu\u011fruna m\u00fccadele ettikleri\u201d halk\u0131n \u201cilgisizli\u011fini\u201d anlayamad\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 im\u00e2 eden sitemk\u00e2r, duygusal bir ton yerle\u015fiyordu. Mesela, KCK Y\u00fcr\u00fctme Konseyi E\u015fba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan yay\u0131mlanan \u201cG\u00f6\u00e7ertme politikas\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 direnelim\u201d ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131da \u015f\u00f6yle deniyordu:<\/p>\n \u201cT\u00fcrk devletinin bu g\u00f6\u00e7ertme politikas\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 t\u00fcm K\u00fcrt halk\u0131 var olma direni\u015fi g\u00f6stermelidir. En b\u00fcy\u00fck var olma direni\u015fi t\u00fcm bask\u0131lara ra\u011fmen topra\u011f\u0131na, ta\u015f\u0131na sar\u0131lmakt\u0131r. Soyk\u0131r\u0131mc\u0131lara inat evimizi, soka\u011f\u0131m\u0131z\u0131, mahallemizi terk etmemek bir var olma direni\u015fidir. (\u2026) Ya\u015fan\u0131lacaksa da mahallemizde, ilimizde ve il\u00e7emizde ya\u015fan\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. Evimizi ve bark\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 terk etmek, daha ba\u015ftan \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc kabullenmektir. Sevilecek, ya\u015fan\u0131lacak ya\u015fam, \u00f6l\u00fcms\u00fcz \u015fehidimiz Kemal Pir\u2019in dedi\u011fi gibi \u2018u\u011fruna \u00f6l\u00fcnecek ya\u015fam\u2019d\u0131r. (\u2026) Her \u00e7i\u00e7ek topra\u011f\u0131nda g\u00fczeldir. Her \u00e7i\u00e7ek topra\u011f\u0131nda kendi ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131 var edebilir; en g\u00fczel renklerini ve kokusunu verir. Hi\u00e7bir zalim elin ve psikolojik sava\u015f\u0131n bizleri topra\u011f\u0131m\u0131zdan koparmas\u0131na izin vermeyelim. G\u00fcl gibi dikenlerimizle, direni\u015fimizle varl\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 koruyal\u0131m!\u2019\u2019<\/p>\n Ne var ki olmad\u0131, hi\u00e7bir \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131 sonu\u00e7 getirmedi.<\/p>\n S\u0131rr\u0131 S\u00fcreyya \u00d6nder, 2017\u2019de o g\u00fcnlerde \u00d6calan\u2019\u0131n da PKK\u2019n\u0131n \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 geldi\u011fini ve bunu d\u0131\u015far\u0131ya iletti\u011fini a\u00e7\u0131klayacakt\u0131:<\/p>\n \u201cSay\u0131n \u00d6calan \u0130mral\u0131\u2019da dedi ki: \u2018Bir devlet hende\u011fi kabul edemez. Bu onun direkt egemenlik hakk\u0131na bir tecav\u00fczd\u00fcr.\u2019 Say\u0131n \u0130dris Baluken, Say\u0131n Pervin Buldan\u2019a da \u00f6zel olarak rica etti: \u2018Gidin bunu ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131n ve benim taraf\u0131mdan kabul edilemez oldu\u011funu her kim yap\u0131yorsa s\u00f6yleyin.\u2019\u201d<\/p>\n \u2018Hendek\u2019 tecr\u00fcbesi K\u00fcrtlerin PKK\u2019n\u0131n ayaklanma \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131lar\u0131na ve silahl\u0131 m\u00fccadeleye muhtemelen hi\u00e7bir zaman icabet etmeyece\u011fini ve geri d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fs\u00fcz bir k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 kart\u0131 ima ediyordu.<\/p>\n Asl\u0131nda silah \u00e7ok uzun bir zamand\u0131r devletin silahs\u0131z K\u00fcrtlerin ve onlar\u0131n partilerinin \u00fczerinde kurdu\u011fu bask\u0131n\u0131n me\u015fruiyet arac\u0131ndan ba\u015fka bir \u015fey de\u011fildi. Yani \u00e7oktan terk edilmeliydi.<\/p>\n Bu yaz\u0131y\u0131 2012\u2019de kaleme ald\u0131\u011f\u0131m \u201cPKK\u2019da olmayan \u015fey: \u015eeh\u00e2met\u201d ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 yaz\u0131n\u0131n giri\u015f c\u00fcmlesiyle noktal\u0131yorum:<\/p>\n \u201cHakl\u0131 bir isyan\u0131 ba\u015flatmak i\u00e7in \u2018cel\u00e2det\u2019 yeter, fakat onu tarihsel olarak do\u011fru bir noktada durdurmak i\u00e7in \u2018\u015feh\u00e2met\u2019 sahibi olmak gerekir, PKK\u2019da olmayan da bu galiba.\u201d (Cel\u00e2det: bah\u00e2d\u0131rl\u0131k, kahramanl\u0131k, yi\u011fitlik\u2026 \u015eeh\u00e2met: zek\u00e2 ve ak\u0131ll\u0131l\u0131kla ber\u00e2ber olan ces\u00e2ret, yi\u011fitlik \u2013Ferit Devellio\u011flu, Osmanl\u0131ca-T\u00fcrk\u00e7e Ansiklopedik L\u00fbgat.)<\/p>\n
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