{"id":81855,"date":"2024-12-17T02:52:19","date_gmt":"2024-12-17T07:52:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=81855"},"modified":"2024-12-17T02:52:19","modified_gmt":"2024-12-17T07:52:19","slug":"hafizakirimin-edebiyatla-bulusmasi-unufak","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=81855","title":{"rendered":"Haf\u0131zak\u0131r\u0131m\u0131n edebiyatla bulu\u015fmas\u0131: \u2018Unufak\u2019"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n
\"Haf\u0131zak\u0131r\u0131m\u0131n<\/div>\n<\/header>\n
Nazl\u0131 Temir Beyleryan<\/a><\/span> <\/span><\/strong><\/div>\n
Roman, bir yandan hayatta kalman\u0131n gerektirdi\u011fi sessizli\u011fi ve bu sessizlikle birlikte ink\u00e2ra ortak olma h\u00e2lini yans\u0131t\u0131rken, di\u011fer yandan her Ermeni ailenin kendi i\u00e7inde ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131, aktar\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ama hi\u00e7 konu\u015fulmam\u0131\u015f, yok edilmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131lan bir haf\u0131zan\u0131n izlerini de ta\u015f\u0131yor. Bu y\u00f6n\u00fcyle \u2018Unufak\u2019 sadece bireysel de\u011fil, toplumsal haf\u0131zan\u0131n da romanla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lma prati\u011fini sergiliyor. Rober Kopta\u015f, Ermeni kimli\u011finin trajedisini, tutunamayanlar\u0131n hik\u00e2yesini ve kimli\u011fini ararken ge\u00e7mi\u015fine d\u00f6n\u00fck i\u00e7 hesapla\u015fmas\u0131na girenlerin ger\u00e7ekli\u011fini anlat\u0131yor.<\/span><\/strong><\/em><\/div>\n
\n
\n
\n

Ermeni toplumunun pek \u00e7ok \u00fcyesi i\u00e7in s\u0131radan, g\u00fcndelik, bilinen ama \u00e7o\u011fu zaman dile getirilmeyen, kimi zaman bir aile s\u0131rr\u0131 olarak saklanan hik\u00e2yelerin yeni sesi \u2018Unufak\u2019. Rober Kopta\u015f\u2019\u0131n bu ilk roman\u0131, Ermenilerin \u2018s\u0131radan\u2019 olarak g\u00f6r\u00fclen hik\u00e2yelerinin, T\u00fcrkiyeli ya da Ermeni olmayan T\u00fcrk\u00e7e okur i\u00e7in uzun zaman \u00fczeri \u00f6rt\u00fcl\u00fc kalan bir toplumsal ger\u00e7ekli\u011fi su y\u00fcz\u00fcne \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

Ermeni olmak deyince akl\u0131m\u0131za ilk olarak 1915 geliyor ku\u015fkusuz. Ancak T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyeti tarihi, soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131n devam\u0131 olarak bir unutturma siyaseti, art arda eklemlenen \u00f6tekile\u015ftirme pratikleriyle bir amnezi ser\u00fcveni olarak devam etti. T\u00fcrkiyeli Ermenilerle yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131m s\u00f6zl\u00fc tarih \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131, kavramsalla\u015ft\u0131rmak gerekirse, cumhuriyet tarihinde \u00f6zellikle Ermenilere y\u00f6nelik t\u00fcm bu siyasi ve g\u00fcndelik toplumsal pratiklerin her \u015feyden \u00f6te bir \u2018haf\u0131zak\u0131r\u0131m\u2019 oldu\u011funu g\u00f6sterdi bana. S\u00f6z konusu olan, Ermenilerin toplumsal haf\u0131zas\u0131n\u0131n, dilleri, kimlikleri, ibadet yerleri ve haf\u0131za mek\u00e2nlar\u0131yla birlikte zamanda ve mek\u00e2nda silinmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131yd\u0131; bunun da \u00f6tesinde, yersizle\u015ftirilip yurtsuzla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmalar\u0131yd\u0131.<\/p>\n

\u2018Unufak\u2019, i\u015fte bu haf\u0131zak\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 bizlere edebiyat yoluyla anlatmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yor. Sessizli\u011fe mahk\u00fbm edilen Ermenilerin hayatta kalma m\u00fccadelelerini, g\u00fcndelik hayat\u0131n i\u00e7inde g\u00f6rmezden gelinen h\u00e2llerini, toplumsal alanda tabu olarak kalan ve kimlikleri nedeniyle, bazen de s\u0131rf kad\u0131n olduklar\u0131 i\u00e7in, \u00e7o\u011fu zaman d\u0131\u015flanan insanlar\u0131n hik\u00e2yelerini g\u00f6zler \u00f6n\u00fcne seriyor. Ermenilerin yersiz yurtsuzla\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131, ya\u015fad\u0131klar\u0131 topraklarda bile kendilerini yabanc\u0131 hissetmelerini ve \u00f6z\u00fcnde bir diaspora kimli\u011fine d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fen bu varolu\u015fun derin sanc\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 aktar\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

K\u0131r\u0131lan haf\u0131zan\u0131n unufak h\u00e2lleri<\/strong>
\nRoman, bir yandan hayatta kalman\u0131n gerektirdi\u011fi sessizli\u011fi ve bu sessizlikle birlikte ink\u00e2ra ortak olma h\u00e2lini yans\u0131t\u0131rken, di\u011fer yandan her Ermeni ailenin kendi i\u00e7inde ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131, aktar\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ama hi\u00e7 konu\u015fulmam\u0131\u015f, yok edilmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131lan bir haf\u0131zan\u0131n izlerini de ta\u015f\u0131yor. Bu y\u00f6n\u00fcyle \u2018Unufak\u2019 sadece bireysel de\u011fil, toplumsal haf\u0131zan\u0131n da romanla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lma prati\u011fini sergiliyor. Rober Kopta\u015f, Ermeni kimli\u011finin trajedisini, tutunamayanlar\u0131n hik\u00e2yesini ve kimli\u011fini ararken ge\u00e7mi\u015fine d\u00f6n\u00fck i\u00e7 hesapla\u015fmas\u0131na girenlerin ger\u00e7ekli\u011fini anlat\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

1915 olaylar\u0131 ve Cumhuriyet tarihi ba\u011flam\u0131nda Ermeniler, ya\u015fad\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n ne oldu\u011funu \u00e7ok iyi bilirler. Bunu bir \u2018haf\u0131za k\u0131r\u0131m\u0131\u2019 olarak adland\u0131ral\u0131m ya da adland\u0131rmayal\u0131m, bu deneyim onlar\u0131n kolektif haf\u0131zas\u0131nda derin bir \u015fekilde yer alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Roman\u0131n ba\u015fkahraman\u0131 Kevork pek \u00e7ok travma ya\u015fam\u0131\u015f, her Ermeni ailede kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131labilecek t\u00fcrden bir karakterdir. E\u011fer bir Kevork yoksa, Ermeni toplumunda mutlaka bir Maro\u2019nun hik\u00e2yesi vard\u0131r; mutlaka bir T. \u015fehri ya da k\u00f6y\u00fc… B\u00f6ylece yazar, feodal bir toplumda az\u0131nl\u0131k gelene\u011finin nas\u0131l \u015fekillendi\u011fini ve bu gelene\u011fi hangi zorluklarla ya\u015fat\u0131lmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6zler \u00f6n\u00fcne seriyor. Ayr\u0131ca, Anadolu\u2019dan zorunlu olarak g\u00f6\u00e7 edip hayatta kalmay\u0131 ba\u015faran hemen hemen t\u00fcm Ermenilerin deneyimledi\u011fi bir s\u00fcreci de bizlere aktar\u0131yor. Ermenilerin yak\u0131ndan tan\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131 bu ger\u00e7e\u011fi i\u015flerken, hik\u00e2yeyi, onlar\u0131n birlikte ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u2018\u00f6teki\u2019nin \u2013g\u00f6rmezden geldi\u011fi ya da bilmek istemedi\u011fi i\u00e7in ink\u00e2r etti\u011fi\u2013 d\u00fcnyas\u0131na a\u00e7\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

Bunu yaparken, meselenin asl\u0131ndan, kendisinden hi\u00e7 bahsetmiyor; anakronizme de ba\u015fvurmuyor. Roman\u0131 bu a\u00e7\u0131dan da k\u0131ymetli buldu\u011fumu belirtmek isterim. Zabel Yesayan\u2019\u0131n \u2018Son Kadeh\u2019 ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 novellas\u0131ndaki kad\u0131n karakter, \u2018Unufak\u2019\u0131n Maro\u2019sunda v\u00fccut bulmu\u015f \u00e2deta. Zaven Biberyan\u2019\u0131n, ailelerin par\u00e7alan\u0131\u015f\u0131na dair metaforlar\u0131 bu romanda kendini yeniden g\u00f6steriyor. Haf\u0131za k\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 meselesi tam da bu noktada belirginle\u015fiyor. Yeni ama ayn\u0131 zamanda tan\u0131d\u0131k bir hik\u00e2ye, hep bilinen, i\u015flenen, aktar\u0131lan fakat bu sefer T\u00fcrk\u00e7e yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015f bir ger\u00e7ekli\u011fin anlat\u0131s\u0131.<\/p>\n

\u0130nk\u00e2r\u0131n sessizli\u011finden yank\u0131lanan bir ses<\/strong>
\nT\u00fcrk\u00e7e okuru i\u00e7in bu roman\u0131n \u00f6zellikle ilgin\u00e7 oldu\u011funu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyorum. Ermenice edebiyatta benzerleri mevcut olan bu hik\u00e2yenin T\u00fcrk\u00e7e olarak yaz\u0131lmas\u0131 ve anlat\u0131lmas\u0131, i\u00e7inde bulundu\u011fumuz d\u00f6nemde san\u0131r\u0131m bir ilk. Nichanian \u201cFelaketi ancak edebiyat anlatabilirdi\u201d derken \u00f6zellikle O\u015fagan\u2019\u0131n eserlerinden hareket eder ve 1915\u2019in ancak sanat yoluyla anlat\u0131labilece\u011fini savunur. Bunun nedeni, felaketi ifade etmenin pek \u00e7ok a\u00e7\u0131dan son derece zor olmas\u0131d\u0131r. Bu ba\u011flamda, Rober Kopta\u015f\u2019\u0131 T\u00fcrk\u00e7ede bu anlat\u0131m\u0131 ba\u015flatanlar aras\u0131nda saymak yanl\u0131\u015f olmaz. \u00d6zellikle soyk\u0131r\u0131m sonras\u0131nda, felaket ve onu takip eden ve s\u00fcregiden felaketler T\u00fcrk\u00e7ede \u00e7ok s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 bir \u015fekilde anlat\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bunun arkas\u0131nda, bir ink\u00e2r toplumu i\u00e7inde ya\u015f\u0131yor olmam\u0131z\u0131n bulundu\u011funu s\u00f6ylemek yanl\u0131\u015f olmaz.<\/p>\n

Ancak bu romanda, ink\u00e2r\u0131n topluma ne kadar k\u00f6kl\u00fc bir \u015fekilde n\u00fcfuz etti\u011fini en ba\u015fta fark etmiyoruz. Bu, yazar\u0131n bilin\u00e7li bir meydan okuma refleksi mi yoksa uzak durmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir yakla\u015f\u0131m m\u0131, insan d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmeden edemiyor. Anlat\u0131 ilerledik\u00e7e, Ermenilerin dahi nas\u0131l bir ink\u00e2r refleksi ortam\u0131nda do\u011fup b\u00fcy\u00fcd\u00fcklerini, bu ink\u00e2r \u2018habitusu\u2019nun bir par\u00e7as\u0131 h\u00e2line geldiklerini y\u00fcz\u00fcm\u00fcze vuruyor. Talin Suciyan\u2019\u0131n \u2018Modern T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de Ermeniler\u2019 ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 kitab\u0131nda (\u00e7ev. Ay\u015fe G\u00fcnaysu, Aras Yay., 2019) bahsetti\u011fi gibi, Ermeniler bazen istemeden de olsa sessizlikleriyle, g\u00fcndelik ya\u015famlar\u0131ndaki tutumlar\u0131yla bu ink\u00e2ra d\u00e2hil oluyorlar; bu durum \u2018Unufak\u2019ta da kar\u015f\u0131m\u0131za \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor. Marc Nichanian\u2019\u0131n \u015fu s\u00f6zleri geliyor akl\u0131ma: \u201c\u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc hayatta kalmak, ink\u00e2r\u0131 gerektirirdi\u2026\u201d<\/p>\n

Bu ba\u011flamda, romanda yer alan, Anadolu\u2019daki y\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131lar aras\u0131ndaki kilise betimlemesi \u00e7ok etkileyici. Kimsenin giremedi\u011fi, belki her g\u00fcn \u00f6n\u00fcnden ge\u00e7ti\u011fi h\u00e2lde fark etmedi\u011fi, tel \u00f6rg\u00fclerle \u00e7evrili kilise ve haf\u0131zan\u0131n farkl\u0131 katmanlar\u0131 aras\u0131ndaki sessiz ge\u00e7i\u015fler, derin bir anlat\u0131m olu\u015fturuyor. \u0130nk\u00e2r\u0131n sessizli\u011finden yank\u0131lanan derin bir ses gibi…<\/p>\n

Yersizle\u015fme ve yurtsuzla\u015fma s\u00fcreci<\/strong>
\nRomandaki en \u00f6nemli temalardan biri de yersiz yurtsuzla\u015fma meselesi. Ba\u015ftan sona, Ermenilerin, otokton bir toplulukken, do\u011fup b\u00fcy\u00fcd\u00fckleri topraklar\u0131ndan uzakla\u015farak bir diaspora toplumuna d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fmesinin hikayesi anlat\u0131l\u0131yor. G\u00f6\u00e7e zorlanm\u0131\u015f bir halk\u0131n, \u0130stanbul\u2019un i\u00e7inde nas\u0131l iki kez yabanc\u0131la\u015fm\u0131\u015f oldu\u011funu g\u00f6r\u00fcyoruz; hem Ermeni toplumunun farkl\u0131 sosyoekonomik s\u0131n\u0131flar\u0131 i\u00e7inde, hem de daha geni\u015f toplum i\u00e7inde, Anadolu Ermenileri olarak \u2018\u00f6teki\u2019 konumundalar. \u00c7o\u011fu zaman, kendi \u00f6tekisinin de \u00f6tekisi ya da i\u00e7 i\u00e7e ge\u00e7mi\u015f bir\u00e7ok katman\u0131 olan bir \u00f6tekilik…<\/p>\n

Bir anlamda, diaspora olma ger\u00e7e\u011fi bu. Ermenicede \u2018\u0131sp\u00fcrk\u2019 kelimesi \u2018da\u011f\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, par\u00e7alanm\u0131\u015f, d\u00fcnyan\u0131n d\u00f6rt bir yan\u0131na savrulmu\u015f\u2019 anlam\u0131na geliyor. Yani, kitab\u0131n ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n ta kendisi: Unufak. Bug\u00fcnk\u00fc Ermeni halk\u0131n\u0131n durumunu m\u00fckemmel bir \u015fekilde yans\u0131t\u0131yor bu kelime.<\/p>\n

\u2018Haf\u0131zak\u0131r\u0131m\u2019 kavram\u0131n\u0131n, bireysel haf\u0131zadan kolektif haf\u0131zaya kadar yay\u0131lan katmanlar\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131\u011fa \u00e7\u0131karan, sessizli\u011fin i\u00e7indeki \u00e7\u0131\u011fl\u0131klar\u0131 duyurmak i\u00e7in \u00f6nemli bir ilk ad\u0131m olan bu eser belki de, haf\u0131zan\u0131n derin yaralar\u0131n\u0131 anlatacak yeni romanlar\u0131n habercisidir.<\/p>\n

Kim bilir, Rober Kopta\u015f bir sonraki roman\u0131nda, ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z yeni \u2018da\u011f\u0131lma\u2019lar ya da \u057d\u0583\u056b\u0582\u057c\u0584\/\u0576\u0565\u0580 \u00fczerine yazmaya devam eder belki.<\/p>\n

https:\/\/www.agos.com.tr\/tr\/yazi\/31550\/hafizakirimin-edebiyatla-bulusmasi-unufak\u00a0<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Nazl\u0131 Temir Beyleryan Roman, bir yandan hayatta kalman\u0131n gerektirdi\u011fi sessizli\u011fi ve bu sessizlikle birlikte ink\u00e2ra ortak olma h\u00e2lini yans\u0131t\u0131rken, di\u011fer yandan her Ermeni ailenin kendi i\u00e7inde ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131, aktar\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ama hi\u00e7 konu\u015fulmam\u0131\u015f, yok edilmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131lan bir haf\u0131zan\u0131n izlerini de ta\u015f\u0131yor. Bu y\u00f6n\u00fcyle \u2018Unufak\u2019 sadece bireysel de\u011fil, toplumsal haf\u0131zan\u0131n da romanla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lma prati\u011fini sergiliyor. Rober Kopta\u015f, Ermeni kimli\u011finin […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":81856,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1,54,70],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-81855","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-haberler","category-kitaplar-elestiriler","category-makaleler"],"yoast_head":"\nHaf\u0131zak\u0131r\u0131m\u0131n edebiyatla bulu\u015fmas\u0131: \u2018Unufak\u2019 - Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=81855\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Haf\u0131zak\u0131r\u0131m\u0131n edebiyatla bulu\u015fmas\u0131: \u2018Unufak\u2019 - Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Nazl\u0131 Temir Beyleryan Roman, bir yandan hayatta kalman\u0131n gerektirdi\u011fi sessizli\u011fi ve bu sessizlikle birlikte ink\u00e2ra ortak olma h\u00e2lini yans\u0131t\u0131rken, di\u011fer yandan her Ermeni ailenin kendi i\u00e7inde ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131, aktar\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ama hi\u00e7 konu\u015fulmam\u0131\u015f, yok edilmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131lan bir haf\u0131zan\u0131n izlerini de ta\u015f\u0131yor. Bu y\u00f6n\u00fcyle \u2018Unufak\u2019 sadece bireysel de\u011fil, toplumsal haf\u0131zan\u0131n da romanla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lma prati\u011fini sergiliyor. 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