{"id":81051,"date":"2024-09-26T03:01:10","date_gmt":"2024-09-26T08:01:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=81051"},"modified":"2024-09-26T03:01:10","modified_gmt":"2024-09-26T08:01:10","slug":"1915te-zohrab-dahil-alti-ermeni-mebus-olduruldu-biri-idam-edildi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=81051","title":{"rendered":"1915\u2019te Zohrab d\u00e2hil alt\u0131 Ermeni mebus \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc, biri idam edildi"},"content":{"rendered":"

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Nevzat Onaran<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n

Nesim Ovadya \u0130zrail ile Osmanl\u0131\u2019n\u0131n \u00fcnl\u00fc avukatlar\u0131ndan ve mebuslar\u0131ndan Krikor Zohrab\u2019\u0131n siyasi duru\u015funu ve \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclmesine kadar ya\u015fanan olaylar\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 kitab\u0131n\u0131 konu\u015ftuk. \u0130zrail, Zohrab ile Hrant Dink aras\u0131ndaki benzerliklere de\u011finiyor, ad\u0131 \u2018Son Osmanl\u0131c\u0131\u2019ya \u00e7\u0131kan Zohrab\u2019\u0131n her kesimden insan\u0131n hakk\u0131n\u0131 savunmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen, \u0130ttihat Terakki\u2019nin yarg\u0131s\u0131z infaz\u0131ndan kurtulamay\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 aktar\u0131yor.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

Nesim Ovadya \u0130zrail, 1915\u2019i, Krikor Zohrab\u2019\u0131n tarihselli\u011fi \u00f6zelinde yazd\u0131. Osmanl\u0131\u2019n\u0131n \u00e7\u00f6k\u00fc\u015f y\u0131llar\u0131n\u0131n tan\u0131\u011f\u0131 Zohrab, hem avukat, hem edebiyat\u00e7\u0131\/yazar hem de politikac\u0131d\u0131r. M\u00fcdafaa ettikleri salt milletta\u015f\u0131 Ermeniler olmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. K\u00fcrt i\u015f\u00e7ilerinin davas\u0131na bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in Osmanl\u0131 Sosyalist F\u0131rkas\u0131\u2019ndan te\u015fekk\u00fcr mesaj\u0131 da alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. 1915\u2019te Zohrab\u2019\u0131n kaderi milletinkinden farkl\u0131 olmayacakt\u0131r.\u00a0Ferman\u0131, Ermenilerin kitlesel olarak yerinden-yurdundan (s\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc de\u011fil) kovaland\u0131\u011f\u0131, mal\u0131na-m\u00fclk\u00fcne \u00e7\u00f6k\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ve soyu k\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00fcnlerde imzalanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r<\/strong>. Ayn\u0131 g\u00fcnlerde alt\u0131 mebusun daha ferman\u0131 haz\u0131rlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

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1915 Bir \u00d6l\u00fcm Yolculu\u011fu: Krikor Zohrab, Nesim Ovadya \u0130zrail, 400 syf., Kor Yay\u0131nc\u0131l\u0131k
\n<\/em>
\nNesim Ovadya \u0130zrail\u2019in g\u00f6zden ge\u00e7irdi\u011fi\u00a0<\/span>Krikor Zohrab 1915 Bir \u00d6l\u00fcm Yolculu\u011fu<\/em>\u00a0kitab\u0131 yeniden okurlar\u0131yla bulu\u015ftu. Kitab\u0131yla ilgili sorular\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 yan\u0131tlayan Nesim a\u011fabey, yeni Ermenice kaynaklarla kitab\u0131n\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7lendirdi\u011fini ve Zohrab\u2019\u0131n baz\u0131 mektuplar\u0131yla vasiyetnamesini ekledi\u011fini s\u00f6yledi. \u00d6zellikle Zohrab\u2019\u0131n be\u011fendi\u011fi siyasal duru\u015funu netle\u015ftirdi\u011fini de vurgulad\u0131.\u00a0<\/span>Zohrab, vasiyetnamesine g\u00f6re 18 bin 170 Osmanl\u0131 liral\u0131k varl\u0131k sahibidir<\/strong>(s. 389). 1915 ko\u015fullar\u0131nda ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131 rahat ve huzurlu s\u00fcrd\u00fcrmesi i\u00e7in yeterli birikimdir. Umar\u0131m, mala-m\u00fclke \u00e7\u00f6kme y\u0131l\u0131 1915\u2019te, Zohrab\u2019\u0131n ailesi vasiyetteki birikimin tamam\u0131na sahip olabilmi\u015ftir.<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Erzurum Mebusu Vartkes\u2019le tutuklan\u0131p \u0130stanbul\u2019dan Diyarbak\u0131r\u2019a g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fclen Zohrab\u2019\u0131n yol boyu f\u0131rsat buldu\u011funda\u00a0e\u015fi Klara\u2019ya yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 mektuplar\u0131n her sat\u0131r\u0131 hayk\u0131r\u0131\u015ft\u0131r, isyand\u0131r<\/strong>\u00a0(s. 371-88). 4 Temmuz\u2019da \u201cHi\u00e7 \u00fcmitli olmamama ra\u011fmen, Diyarbak\u0131r\u2019da adalet bulaca\u011f\u0131m\u201d (s. 381) derken, sekiz g\u00fcn sonra \u201cBeni \u0130stanbul\u2019dan Diyarbak\u0131r\u2019a yarg\u0131lamak i\u00e7in g\u00f6nderenler, yok etmek i\u00e7in g\u00f6nderiyorlar. Diyarbak\u0131r\u2019da korkun\u00e7 \u015feyler oluyor ve olmaya devam edecek.\u00a0Tanr\u0131 bilir, su\u00e7suz olmama ra\u011fmen, oray\u0131 canl\u0131 terk edemeyece\u011fim<\/strong>\u201d (s. 383, ab\u00e7) diye yazm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Klara Zohrab da \u0130stanbul\u2019da kolu ve kanad\u0131 k\u0131r\u0131k, \u00e7\u0131rp\u0131nmaktad\u0131r. \u00c7ok sars\u0131c\u0131 sat\u0131rlar ve her saniyesinin i\u015fkence oldu\u011fu anlard\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Klara\u2019ya, \u201cMektubu Talat\u2019a ver ve\u00a0\u2018senin kocan\u0131 kurtaraca\u011f\u0131m\u2019<\/strong>\u00a0diye kesin s\u00f6z vermesi i\u00e7in ona yalvar\u201d (s. 368, ab\u00e7) sat\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131 yazmas\u0131ndan d\u00f6rt g\u00fcn sonra 19 Temmuz 1915\u2019te, Zohrab ve Vartkes, Urfa\u2019dan Diyarbak\u0131r\u2019a g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcrken\u00a0\u00c7erkez Ahmet ve ekibi<\/strong>\u00a0taraf\u0131ndan \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr (s. 326-32, 345-350). \u00d6ncesi Konya-Ere\u011fli\u2019de olmak \u00fczere \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclmesinden birka\u00e7 g\u00fcn \u00f6nce Urfa\u2019da Ermeni devrimcilerin ka\u00e7\u0131rma plan\u0131na \u201chay\u0131r\u201d demi\u015fler ve ne ac\u0131d\u0131r ki, birka\u00e7 g\u00fcn sonra da\u00a0\u0130ttihat\/Te\u015fkilat-\u0131 Mahsusa<\/strong>plan\u0131yla \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015flerdir.<\/p>\n

O g\u00fcnden bug\u00fcne \u2018yarg\u0131s\u0131z infaz\u2019 politi\u011fi meridir; Mustafa Suphi\u2019lerin katlinden Kemal T\u00fcrkler\u2019e, Musa Anter\u2019e, Hrant Dink\u2019e ve Tahir El\u00e7i\u2019ye\u2026<\/p>\n

1915\u2019te Zohrab ve Vartkes\u2019ten ba\u015fka d\u00f6rt Ermeni mebus daha \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc ve Hampartsum Boyac\u0131yan ise idam edildi (s. 337-8). 1915\u2019te \u0130ttihat\/Te\u015fkilat-\u0131 Mahsusa plan\u0131yla, 1908-1914 aras\u0131nda \u00fc\u00e7 d\u00f6nem se\u00e7ilen\u00a022 Ermeni mebustan yedisinin hayat\u0131na kastedildi<\/strong>. Yedi mebustan d\u00f6rd\u00fc, Zohrab (\u0130stanbul), Vartkes (Erzurum), Ar\u015fa\u011f Vramyan (Van) ve Isdepan \u00c7\u0131rac\u0131yan (Ergani) 1915\u2019te \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde, Meclis-i Mebusan \u00fcyesiydi, yani milletvekiliydi.<\/p>\n

\u00d6ld\u00fcr\u00fclen Nazaret Da\u011favaryan (Sivas) birinci (1908-1912) ve Garabed Pa\u015fayan (Sivas) ikinci (1912) d\u00f6nem mebusuydu. Birinci d\u00f6nemde\u00a0Kozan Mebusu Hampartsum Boyac\u0131yan<\/strong>\u00a0(Murad) da 24 Nisan 1915\u2019te tutukland\u0131, Kayseri\u2019de askeri mahkemede yarg\u0131land\u0131 ve 24 Temmuz\u2019da, sekiz yolda\u015f\u0131yla birlikte idam edildi.<\/p>\n

1915\u2019te\u00a0Kozan Mebusu Matyos [Mateos] Nalbatyan<\/strong>\u2019\u0131n ise, 15 bin d\u00f6n\u00fcml\u00fck arazisinin has\u0131lat\u0131n\u0131 vererek can\u0131n\u0131 kurtard\u0131\u011f\u0131, Alman Ba\u015fbakan\u0131\u2019na raporla bildirildi. Adana Konsolosu B\u00fcge\u2019nin 1 Ekim 1915 tarihli raporuna g\u00f6re, has\u0131lata el koyan Adana valisinin karde\u015fi Hamdi\u2019dir.(1)<\/strong>\u00a0Has\u0131latta kal\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 sanm\u0131yorum, sonras\u0131nda m\u00fclke de \u00e7\u00f6k\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

1915\u2019te mahkeme kanal\u0131 i\u015fletilmezken,\u00a01920-1923\u2019te ve 1925-1927\u2019de \u0130stiklal Mahkemeleri<\/strong>(2) pek aktiftir. 1921\u2019de Amasya \u0130stiklal Mahkemesi\u2019nin 174 Rum\u2019la ilgili idam karar\u0131ndan biri, 28 Eyl\u00fcl 1921\u2019de idam edilen 1908-1918 d\u00f6neminde \u00fc\u00e7 kez Meclis-i Mebusan\u2019a se\u00e7ilen Trabzon Mebusu Yani o\u011flu Matyos (tam ad\u0131:\u00a0Matyo Kofidi<\/a>) hakk\u0131ndayd\u0131. \u015eark \u0130stikl\u00e2l Mahkemesi\u2019nin 420 ki\u015fi hakk\u0131ndaki idam karar\u0131ndan ikisi de eski mebusla ilgiliydi; bunlar, 1925\u2019te idam edilen TBMM birinci d\u00f6nem mebuslar\u0131 Hasan Hayri (Dersim) ve Yusuf Ziya\u2019yd\u0131 (Bitlis).<\/p>\n

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\u00dcstte, (soldan sa\u011fa) Krikor Zohrab (1861-1915) \/ Vartkes Hovhannes Sereng\u00fclyan (1871-1915) \/ Dr. Nazaret Da\u011favaryan (1862-1915)\u00a0\u00a0Altta (soldan sa\u011fa) Ar\u015fag Vramyan (1870-1915) \/ Dr. Garabed Pa\u015fayan (1864-1915) \/Hampartsum Boyac\u0131yan (1867-1915; foto, Nubaryan K\u00fct\u00fcphanesi)<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

AVUKAT, YAZAR VE POL\u0130T\u0130KACI ZOHRAB<\/strong><\/h2>\n

1861 do\u011fumlu Krikor Zohrab, Osmanl\u0131\u2019n\u0131n ekonomik ve siyasi krizinin derinle\u015fti\u011fi y\u0131llar\u0131n \u015fahididir; Tanzimat\u2019tan 1875 iflas\u0131na, 1876 Anayasas\u0131\u2019na ve ilgas\u0131na, 1878 Osmanl\u0131-Rus sava\u015f\u0131na, 1895-6\u2019da Hamidiye Alaylar\u0131yla Ermeni imhas\u0131na, 1896\u2019da Osmanl\u0131 Bankas\u0131 bask\u0131n\u0131na, 1905\u2019te Abd\u00fclhamid\u2019e suikasta, 1908 Devrimi\u2019ne ve Balkan Harbi\u2019ne\u2026 Zohrab\u2019\u0131n bu tan\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131, ki\u015fili\u011fini nas\u0131l etkilemi\u015ftir?<\/strong><\/p>\n

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Nesim Ovadya \u0130zrail<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

On dokuzuncu y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n son \u00e7eyre\u011fi ve yirminci y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ilk on be\u015f y\u0131l\u0131 Krikor Zohrab\u2019\u0131n aktif hayat\u0131n\u0131 ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 y\u0131llard\u0131r. Sizin de belirtti\u011finiz bu y\u0131llar Osmanl\u0131 Devleti\u2019nin krizden \u00e7\u00f6k\u00fc\u015fe giden d\u00f6nemidir. Geni\u015f topraklar \u00fczerinde bir\u00e7ok farkl\u0131 ulusun, bedel \u00f6deyerek birer birer ayr\u0131lma ve ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z devlet olma yolunda oldu\u011fu bu d\u00f6nemde, Osmanl\u0131 \u015femsiyesi alt\u0131nda kalan neredeyse tek H\u0131ristiyan topluluk Ermenilerdi. Osmanl\u0131 Devleti en \u015fiddetli bask\u0131y\u0131 uygulamas\u0131na ra\u011fmen, \u00f6zellikle Balkanlarda bulunan milletlerin ayr\u0131l\u0131p kendi ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z devletlerini ilan etmelerine engel olamam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Ermeni milleti i\u00e7inde ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan siyasi gruplar nedeniyle ayn\u0131 geli\u015fmenin olabilece\u011fini g\u00f6rmek zor de\u011fildi. Zohrab, Ermeni toplumu i\u00e7inde \u00e7o\u011funlukta bulunan, T\u00fcrk-Ermeni birlikteli\u011fi ile Osmanl\u0131 Devleti\u2019nin g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc ve ayakta kalabilece\u011fine inananlar\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131nda geliyordu.\u00a0Bu nedenle Zohrab\u2019\u0131n ad\u0131 \u201cSon Osmanl\u0131c\u0131\u201dya \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131<\/strong>. Zohrab, T\u00fcrk ve Ermeni toplumunda, kar\u015f\u0131 taraf\u0131 d\u00fc\u015fman g\u00f6ren kesimlerle iyi ili\u015fkilerini s\u00fcrd\u00fcren, birlikten yana sembol bir ki\u015filikti.<\/p>\n

Krikor Zohrab\u2019\u0131n \u00fc\u00e7 kimli\u011fi var; avukat (ve hukuk\u00e7u da), edebiyat\u00e7\u0131\/yazar (eserleri, s. 367) ve politikac\u0131 (hem Mebus hem de Ermeni Mill\u00ee Meclisi \u00fcyesidir). 1893\u2019te evi yanan Zohrab\u2019\u0131n\u00a0Masis<\/em>\u2019teki yaz\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 yeti\u015ftirmek \u00fczere program\u0131n\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirmemesi \u00e7ok etkileyici (s. 44) ve grev yapt\u0131klar\u0131 i\u00e7in tutuklanan sekiz K\u00fcrt i\u015f\u00e7inin serbest b\u0131rak\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00e7aba g\u00f6stermesi nedeniyle Osmanl\u0131 Sosyalist F\u0131rkas\u0131\u2019ndan te\u015fekk\u00fcr mesaj\u0131 almas\u0131 da ilgin\u00e7tir (s. 152-3). Zohrab, \u00fc\u00e7 kimli\u011finin sentezini yapabilmi\u015f midir?\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

Zohrab \u0131srarla sosyalist oldu\u011funu s\u00f6ylemekte ve Meclis-i Mebusan\u2019da farkl\u0131 milletlerden mebuslar\u0131n olu\u015fturduklar\u0131 sosyalist grubun i\u00e7inde aktif siyaset yapmaktayd\u0131. Zohrab\u2019\u0131n sosyalistli\u011fi, toplumda payla\u015f\u0131m\u0131n daha adaletli oldu\u011fu, devletin ezilen ve s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fclen kesimleri koruyaca\u011f\u0131, insan haklar\u0131 ve demokrasinin temel kavramlar olaca\u011f\u0131 sosyal devlet modelini ama\u00e7 edinmi\u015fti.\u00a0Hukuk alan\u0131nda, yoksullar\u0131n, ezilenlerin davalar\u0131n\u0131 \u00fcstlenen bir ki\u015fiydi.<\/strong>\u00a0Nefis hikayeleri okundu\u011fu zaman, toplumun geride b\u0131rak\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, itilmi\u015f kesimlerini konu edindi\u011fi g\u00f6r\u00fclecektir. Bu konularda tam bir b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fck i\u00e7indedir.<\/em><\/p>\n

Zohrab, sadece Ermenilerin avukatl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 yapmam\u0131\u015f, mesle\u011finin hakk\u0131n\u0131 vermi\u015ftir; hem i\u015f\u00e7ilerin (s. 99) hem de Abd\u00fclhamid\u2019in k\u0131z karde\u015fi Cemile Sultan\u2019\u0131n \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclen e\u015fi Mahmut Celalettin Pa\u015fa\u2019n\u0131n miras davas\u0131na (s. 240-3) bakm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Dreyfus Davas\u0131\u2019na ek savunma g\u00f6nderecek (s. 159-160) kadar duyarl\u0131d\u0131r ve cesaretlidir.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ay\u0131r\u0131m yapmadan, her milletten, dinden ve sosyal s\u0131n\u0131ftan insan\u0131n savunmas\u0131n\u0131 \u00fcstlenmekte teredd\u00fct etmeyen Avukat Krikor Zohrab, maddi bak\u0131mdan yeterli olmayanlar\u0131n davalar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k beklemeden girmi\u015ftir. 1894 y\u0131l\u0131nda, Frans\u0131z ordusunda g\u00f6revli Yahudi as\u0131ll\u0131 bir subay\u0131n casuslukla su\u00e7lanmas\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda aya\u011fa kalkan d\u00fcnya demokratik g\u00fc\u00e7leri i\u00e7inde, Osmanl\u0131\u2019dan Krikor Zohrab vard\u0131r.<\/p>\n

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1908-1918 d\u00f6nemi Trabzon Mebusu Matyo Kofidi, Amasya \u0130stiklal Mahkemesi\u2019nde yarg\u0131land\u0131 ve 28 Eyl\u00fcl 1921\u2019de idam edildi (T\u00fcrk Parlamento Tarihi, I. ve II. Me\u015frutiyet, cilt: 2, TBMM Vakf\u0131, Ankara-1998, s. 575;\u00a0Amasya \u0130stiklal Mahkemesi, cilt: 12\/1, TBMM, Ankara-2023, s. 667-71). \u015eeyh Said Hareketi gerek\u00e7esiyle \u015eark \u0130stiklal Mahkemesi\u2019nde yarg\u0131lanan TBMM 1. D\u00f6nem mebuslar\u0131 Yusuf Ziya (Bitlis) 14 Nisan 1925\u2019te ve Hasan Hayri (Dersim) 23 Kas\u0131m 1925\u2019te idam edildi (T\u00fcrk Parlamento Tarihi, TBMM I. D\u00f6nem (1919-1923), cilt: 3, TBMM Vakf\u0131, Ankara-1995, s. 180-1, 286-7).<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

ZOHRAB\u2019IN VE D\u0130NK\u2019\u0130N ORTAK YANI<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Abd\u00fclhamid, mesle\u011finde bu kadar ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 Zohrab\u2019\u0131n avukatl\u0131k yapmas\u0131n\u0131 neden (s. 68-77) yasaklam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r? Bu halde, Zohrab ne yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Me\u015frutiyet\u2019in ilan\u0131ndan ve mebus olarak se\u00e7ilmesinden sonra, 6 Kas\u0131m 1908 tarihli Ermenice\u00a0Jamanak<\/em>\u00a0gazetesinde, Zohrab, 2,5 y\u0131l \u00f6nce avukatl\u0131k mesle\u011fini yapmaktan men edilmesinin gerek\u00e7esini kendi s\u00f6zleriyle a\u00e7\u0131klar:<\/p>\n

\u201cErmeni, Rum, Bulgar siyasi san\u0131klar\u0131n t\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc \u00fccretsiz savundum. Makedonya \u0130\u015ftibi y\u00f6resinden i\u015fkence g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015f bir Bulgar devrimciyi, Kaymakama kar\u015f\u0131 savunmak i\u00e7in a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131m mahkeme nedeniyle avukatl\u0131k mesle\u011fimi s\u00fcrd\u00fcrmekten men edildim. Hatta \u0130stanbul\u2019dan dahi uzakla\u015fmak zorunda b\u0131rak\u0131ld\u0131m.\u201d<\/p>\n

Avukatl\u0131k yapmas\u0131n\u0131 yasaklamak \u00fczere gerek\u00e7e bulmak Adliye Nezareti i\u00e7in zor olmaz. Rus Sefareti\u2019nin davalar\u0131na da bakan Zohrab\u2019\u0131n ayn\u0131 zamanda di\u011fer sivil mahkemelere \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131n\u0131n m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmayaca\u011f\u0131 nedeniyle mesle\u011fini icra etmesi yasaklan\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u0130ki y\u0131l bekledikten sonra art\u0131k \u0130stanbul\u2019da avukatl\u0131k yapamayaca\u011f\u0131na kanaat getiren Zohrab, daha \u00f6zg\u00fcrce ya\u015fay\u0131p avukatl\u0131k mesle\u011fini yapabilece\u011fi M\u0131s\u0131r\u2019a gidip yerle\u015fmeye karar verir ve 15 May\u0131s 1908\u2019de \u0130stanbul\u2019dan Paris\u2019e gider. K\u0131sa bir s\u00fcre sonra \u0130stanbul\u2019da Me\u015fruti Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n yeniden y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe girmesi ile Zohrab\u2019\u0131n \u0130stanbul\u2019a d\u00f6nmesinin yolu a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u00dc\u00e7 d\u00f6nem mebus se\u00e7ilen Zohrab, Meclis-i Mebusan\u2019\u0131n \u00f6nemli hatibidir (s. 139-150, 174-182). H\u0131ristiyanlar\u0131n ve Musevilerin askere al\u0131nmas\u0131na (s. 174-8), Osmanl\u0131 vatanda\u015f\u0131 odakl\u0131 bakm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Tatil-i E\u015fgal kanunu m\u00fczakeresinde sendika ve grev hakk\u0131nda anlatt\u0131klar\u0131 (s. 139-142), tart\u0131\u015fmaya ufuk a\u00e7\u0131c\u0131d\u0131r.\u00a0\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

Biliyor musunuz, ben Krikor Zohrab ile Hrant Dink aras\u0131nda pek \u00e7ok bak\u0131mdan ortak yanlar\u0131 oldu\u011funu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyorum. \u00d6ld\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fcklerinde, Krikor Zohrab 54, Hrant Dink 53 ya\u015f\u0131ndayd\u0131. Her ikisi de T\u00fcrk ve Ermeni halklar\u0131 aras\u0131nda ya\u015fanan sorunlar\u0131 ele al\u0131rken, iki halk\u0131n onurunu g\u00f6zeten, empatik bir \u00fcslupla konu\u015fmay\u0131 tercih etmi\u015flerdi. Bu nedenle, Osmanl\u0131 ve T\u00fcrkiye vatanda\u015f\u0131 odakl\u0131 bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131zda, Zohrab\u2019\u0131n H\u0131ristiyan ve Musevilerin askere al\u0131nmas\u0131, sendika ve grev hakk\u0131nda \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmlerinin ufuk a\u00e7\u0131c\u0131 olmas\u0131 kolayl\u0131kla anla\u015f\u0131lacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u0130TT\u0130HAT VE TERAKK\u0130\u2019YLE SORUNLU \u0130L\u0130\u015eK\u0130<\/strong><\/h4>\n

13 Nisan 1909\u2019da \u0130stanbul\u2019da \u015feriat\u00e7\u0131 kalk\u0131\u015fman\u0131n oldu\u011fu g\u00fcnlerde, Adana\/Kilikya Ermenileri de imha edilmi\u015ftir. Fiiller \u00f6zelinde pek tart\u0131\u015famad\u0131k, \u2018katliam\u2019 kar\u015f\u0131lamad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in \u2018imha\u2019 dedim, literat\u00fcr a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan belki de \u2018pogrom\u2019 mu demeliyiz? Zohrab\u2019\u0131n 1909 Kilikya pogromu (s. 121-135) analizini aktar\u0131r m\u0131s\u0131n\u0131z?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Adana\u2019da Nisan 1909 ay\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015flar\u0131nda \u00e7\u0131kan olaylarda yakla\u015f\u0131k 20 bin Ermeni vatanda\u015f \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. 1 May\u0131s 1909 g\u00fcn\u00fc mecliste yap\u0131lan g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmede, Zohrab belki de hayat\u0131n\u0131n en h\u00fcz\u00fcnl\u00fc ve en m\u00fckemmel konu\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 yaparak h\u00fck\u00fcmeti ve Adana\u2019n\u0131n \u0130ttihat\u00e7\u0131 yerel y\u00f6neticilerini a\u011f\u0131r s\u00f6zlerle ele\u015ftirir. Zohrab, sert bir \u015fekilde ve \u00f6fkeyle h\u00fck\u00fcmete sormaktad\u0131r: \u201cNeden siyasi icraatlar\u0131n\u0131zda eski rejimle ayn\u0131 metotlar\u0131 uyguluyorsunuz?<\/strong>\u201d<\/p>\n

Bunun \u00fczerine d\u00f6rt-be\u015f mebus aya\u011fa kalkarak Zohrab\u2019\u0131n \u00fcst\u00fcne y\u00fcr\u00fcr, \u015fiddet kullanarak onu k\u00fcrs\u00fcden al\u0131p a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 \u00e7eker. Zohrab ciddi bir \u015fekilde tartaklan\u0131r. Bu sahne g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde de tan\u0131d\u0131k gelecektir.<\/p>\n

Buna ra\u011fmen Zohrab, Ermeni kamuoyunda y\u00fckselen sert konu\u015fmalara kar\u015f\u0131 uzla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 olmay\u0131 tercih eder. Zohrab\u2019a g\u00f6re, 1908\u2019deki Anayasa Devrimi m\u00fckemmel de\u011fildi. T\u00fcrk ve M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n e\u015fitlik ve \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fckler konusunda k\u0131sa zamanda yol almas\u0131n\u0131 beklemek m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fildi. 1909 y\u0131l\u0131nda Osmanl\u0131\u2019da \u0130ttihat ve Terakki\u2019den ba\u015fka temas kurulan bir parti yoktu. Ermeniler gere\u011fi \u0130ttihat ve Terakki ile i\u015f birli\u011fi yapmak zorundayd\u0131.<\/p>\n

17 Aral\u0131k 1908\u2019de Meclis\u2019in a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131, 1878\u2019den beri g\u00fcndemdeki Ermeni meselesinde iyimserli\u011fi art\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Gerek h\u00fck\u00fcmetle gerekse \u0130ttihat ve Terakki\u2019yle yap\u0131lan g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmelerden (s. 204-207) beklenen geli\u015fme sa\u011flanabildi mi? Zohrab\u2019\u0131n bu s\u00fcre\u00e7teki tavr\u0131n\u0131 de\u011ferlendirir misiniz?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Zohrab yukar\u0131da form\u00fcle etti\u011fimiz \u0130ttihat ile i\u015f birli\u011fi perspektifini, toplumdaki di\u011fer Ermeni siyasileri de etkileyecek \u015fekilde sonuna kadar korumu\u015ftur. \u0130ttihat ve Terakki ile Ermeni siyasiler aras\u0131nda ili\u015fkiler sertle\u015fti\u011finde, tek ba\u015f\u0131na dahi Ermeni siyasi \u00f6rg\u00fctleri kadar \u00f6nemli ve ses getiren ki\u015fili\u011fi ile iki taraf\u0131 ortak paydada bulu\u015fturmaya \u00e7aba g\u00f6stermi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

Trablusgarp\u2019\u0131n 1911 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u0130talya taraf\u0131ndan i\u015fgal edilmesi ve ard\u0131ndan ba\u015flayan sava\u015f, \u00fclke i\u00e7inde y\u00fckselen milliyet\u00e7i dalga, K\u00fcrt ve T\u00fcrkler taraf\u0131ndan \u00f6zellikle Anadolu\u2019nun do\u011fusunda yo\u011fun yerle\u015fik olduklar\u0131 yerlerde Ermeniler \u00fczerinde bask\u0131lar\u0131n artmas\u0131n\u0131, bu nedenle k\u00f6ylerini terk etmek zorunda b\u0131rak\u0131lan Ermenilerin topraklar\u0131na el konulmas\u0131 sonucunu getirmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

Bu geli\u015fmeler kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda Zohrab ve di\u011fer Ermeni mebuslar\u0131n mecliste m\u00fccadele etmek yolunu izlemesi, Ermeni toplumunun kar\u015f\u0131 tepkilerini y\u00fckseltmi\u015f, bu durum, 1912 y\u0131l\u0131 sonbahar\u0131nda Balkan Sava\u015f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n ba\u015flamas\u0131na kadar devam etmi\u015ftir. Sava\u015f ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131nda \u0130ttihat ve Terakki h\u00fck\u00fcmet d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda kalm\u0131\u015f ve muhalefete ge\u00e7mi\u015fti. Bu ko\u015fullar, Ermeni toplumu i\u00e7inde ilk defa farkl\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131n kalkmas\u0131n\u0131 ve tek ses halinde Do\u011fu Anadolu\u2019daki Ermeni sorunu i\u00e7in m\u00fccadele etmenin yolunu a\u00e7t\u0131.<\/p>\n

Ocak 1913\u2019te askeri darbe yolu ile yeniden h\u00fck\u00fcmetin ba\u015f\u0131na ge\u00e7mesiyle, \u0130ttihat ve Terakki ile Ermeniler yine kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya gelmi\u015f ve \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm i\u00e7in pazarl\u0131klara ba\u015flam\u0131\u015flard\u0131. Ancak bu sefer Ermenilerin arkas\u0131nda Rusya, \u0130ttihat\u2019\u0131n arkas\u0131nda Almanya vard\u0131. \u0130ttihat\u2019\u0131n konuyu bir i\u00e7 mesele olarak g\u00f6rmesi nedeniyle, yabanc\u0131 \u00fclkeleri d\u0131\u015far\u0131da b\u0131rak\u0131p, kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 pazarl\u0131k yapma \u00f6nerisi de ge\u00e7mi\u015f deneyimlerine dayanarak d\u0131\u015f bask\u0131 olmadan bu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmelerden bir sonu\u00e7 al\u0131namayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 savunan Ermeniler taraf\u0131ndan kabul g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fcyor, Ermeni sorununda reform i\u00e7in b\u00fcy\u00fck devletlerin garantisi \u015fart ko\u015fuluyordu.<\/p>\n

\"\"
II. Me\u015frutiyet ortam\u0131n\u0131 yans\u0131tan bir foto\u011fraf, 1911 y\u0131l\u0131. \u0130stanbul-Alemda\u011f\u2019da, \u00f6nde gelen bir grup Ermeni ve \u0130ttihat-Terakki \u00fcyesi naz\u0131r ve mebuslar bir arada; sa\u011fdan sola,\u00a0Krikor Zohrab (\u0130stanbul), Vartkes Sereng\u00fclyan (Erzurum), H\u00fcseyin Cahit Yal\u00e7\u0131n (\u0130stanbul), Maliye Naz\u0131r\u0131 Mehmet Cavit (Selanik), Naf\u0131a Naz\u0131r\u0131 Bedros Hallacyan (\u0130stanbul), Bestekar Bimen \u015een ve bilinmeyen bir ki\u015fi.<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
\u20181915-6 YILININ BOYUTUNU TAHM\u0130N ETMEK ZORDU\u2019<\/strong><\/h5>\n

\u0130ttihat\u00e7\u0131 h\u00fck\u00fcmet, 8 \u015eubat 1914\u2019te Ermeni reform paketini imzalam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. 1895\u2019te de Abd\u00fclhamid benzer bir paketi imzalam\u0131\u015f, ama gere\u011fini yapmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. \u0130ttihat\u00e7\u0131 h\u00fck\u00fcmet de benzer tav\u0131rdad\u0131r ve Almanya\u2019n\u0131n y\u00f6nlendirmesiyle haz\u0131rl\u0131k s\u00fcreci d\u00e2hil Birinci D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131, \u201cpaketi yok sayma\u201dn\u0131n gerek\u00e7esi yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Demografik ve iktisadi yap\u0131da imha plan\u0131na i\u015flerlik kazand\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, \u201cErmeni vatanda\u015f\u0131n varl\u0131\u011f\u0131\u201d hedeflenmi\u015ftir. \u00d6ncesinde Ege\u2019de Rum vatanda\u015flar, \u0130ttihat\u00e7\u0131 h\u00fck\u00fcmet plan\u0131yla Yunanistan\u2019a kovalanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Sizin de aktard\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z gibi, 1913\u2019te Frans\u0131zca\u00a0Ermeni Meselesi<\/em>\u00a0(\u00e7eviren: Renan Akman, \u0130leti\u015fim Yay\u0131nlar\u0131, \u0130stanbul-2015) kitab\u0131n\u0131 (Marcel Leart ad\u0131yla) yazan Zohrab, ufuktaki kara bulutlar\u0131 g\u00f6rebildi mi? \u0130ttihat\u00e7\u0131larla, Tal\u00e2t\u2019la ve Halil\u2019le yak\u0131n ili\u015fkisi, gelecekte neler olaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 anlamas\u0131n\u0131 engellemi\u015f midir?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Zohrab, b\u00fct\u00fcn Ermeni siyasi akt\u00f6rlerin anla\u015farak m\u00fccadele etmeye karar vermeleri \u00fczerine, Ermeni Sorunu\u2019nu Avrupa\u2019da anlatmak \u00fczere Frans\u0131zca olarak \u201cBelgelerin I\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131nda Ermeni Meselesi<\/em><\/strong>\u201d ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 eserini yay\u0131nlad\u0131.<\/p>\n

1913 y\u0131l\u0131nda Balkan Sava\u015f\u0131 devam ederken ve sonras\u0131nda, \u0130ttihat-Ermeni pazarl\u0131klar\u0131nda, \u0130ttihat\u00e7\u0131 liderlerle olan yak\u0131n ili\u015fkileri nedeniyle Zohrab arabuluculuk gibi \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli bir pozisyon \u00fcstlenmi\u015fti. Y\u0131l sonuna do\u011fru, Do\u011fu\u2019da Ermenilerin yo\u011fun oldu\u011fu alt\u0131 vilayette yap\u0131lacak reformlar\u0131n y\u00f6netilmesi ve b\u00fcy\u00fck devletlerin garantisi konusunda pazarl\u0131klar\u0131n t\u0131kand\u0131\u011f\u0131 yerde, \u00e7ok eme\u011fi ge\u00e7en Zohrab, her iki taraftan gelen itirazlar nedeniyle b\u00fcy\u00fck ac\u0131 \u00e7eker. G\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmelerin \u00e7\u0131kmaza girebilece\u011fini, ilk ba\u015fta baz\u0131 engellerin a\u015f\u0131lsa bile, daha ilerde anla\u015f\u0131lan konularda yeniden anla\u015fmazl\u0131\u011fa d\u00fc\u015f\u00fclebilece\u011fini g\u00f6r\u00fcr. Bu durumda, Osmanl\u0131 y\u00f6netimi, \u00f6zel olarak \u0130ttihat ve Terakki\u2019yle iyi ge\u00e7inme, dost kalma yanl\u0131s\u0131 Zohrab\u2019\u0131n, Ermeni toplumu olarak b\u00fcy\u00fck ac\u0131lar ya\u015fanabilece\u011fini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc, ancak ger\u00e7ekte 1915-1916\u2019da ya\u015fanacaklar\u0131n boyutunu tahmin edemedi\u011fini s\u00f6ylemek m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

NAZIR TALAT VE D\u0130YARBAKIR VAL\u0130S\u0130 DR. RE\u015e\u0130T\u00a0<\/strong><\/h6>\n

24 Nisan 1915\u2019te, 6 Eyl\u00fcl 1914\u2019ten beri yak\u0131ndan takip edilenler i\u00e7in d\u00fc\u011fmeye bas\u0131ld\u0131; \u201cliderlik yetene\u011fi olan Ermeni\u201d av\u0131na \u00e7\u0131k\u0131ld\u0131 (s. 267-285). H\u00fck\u00fcmetle yak\u0131n temasta olan Zohrab da 2 Haziran 1915\u2019te tutukland\u0131. Di\u011fer tutuklanan Vartkes Sereng\u00fclyan ise Erzurum mebusudur. Hangi gerek\u00e7eyle tutukland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bilmeyen (s. 291-305) iki mebusun, ancak \u00fc\u00e7 g\u00fcn sonra Konya\u2019da, Diyarbak\u0131r\u2019a g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fcklerini \u00f6\u011frenmesi (s. 372), b\u00fcy\u00fck bir umutsuzluk yaratm\u0131\u015f olmal\u0131. Maalesef bug\u00fcn de dosya hakk\u0131nda \u2018bilgilenmeme\u2019 kural\u0131 ge\u00e7erlidir.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ermeniler \u00fczerinde tehcir ve soyk\u0131r\u0131m uygulamalar\u0131 24 Nisan 1915\u2019te \u0130stanbul\u2019da Ermeni ayd\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131n tutuklanmas\u0131 ve seri bir \u015fekilde \u00c7ank\u0131r\u0131 ve Aya\u015f\u2019a g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fclerek hapis ve kontrol alt\u0131na al\u0131nmas\u0131 ile ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u0130ki mebus, Krikor Zohrab ve Vartkes Sereng\u00fclyan, \u0130ttihat\u00e7\u0131 Osmanl\u0131 h\u00fck\u00fcmetiyle Ermeni toplumu aras\u0131nda son bir diyalog k\u00f6pr\u00fcs\u00fc olarak d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f ve bu tutuklamalar\u0131n d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda b\u0131rak\u0131lm\u0131\u015flard\u0131. \u0130ki Ermeni mebus i\u00e7in 39 g\u00fcn devam eden bu ayr\u0131cal\u0131kl\u0131 durum, 2 Haziran g\u00fcn\u00fc iki mebusun da yak\u0131n dostu olan Dahiliye Naz\u0131r\u0131 Talat\u2019\u0131n tutuklamak ve yarg\u0131lamak \u00fczere Diyarbak\u0131r\u2019a g\u00f6nderilmeleri i\u00e7in karar\u0131 imzalamas\u0131yla sona erdi.<\/p>\n

\u0130stanbul\u2019da yarg\u0131n\u0131n her t\u00fcrl\u00fc olana\u011fa sahip oldu\u011fu bilinmesine ra\u011fmen, iki Ermeni mebusu Diyarbak\u0131r\u2019a g\u00f6ndermek \u00e7ok anlaml\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Anadolu\u2019da g\u00f6rev yapan valiler aras\u0131nda, Ermenileri tasfiye etmeyi planlayan \u0130stanbul\u2019daki \u0130ttihat\u00e7\u0131 h\u00fck\u00fcmete, her t\u00fcrl\u00fc kirli ve cinai konularda a\u00e7\u0131k destek veren Diyarbak\u0131r Valisi Dr. Re\u015fit olmu\u015ftur. Ermenilerin tehciri ve yollarda telef edilmesi konusunda merkezi y\u00f6netimle ayn\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncede olmayan pek \u00e7ok vali vard\u0131.\u00a0Dr. Re\u015fit, Talat Pa\u015fa\u2019n\u0131n tam arad\u0131\u011f\u0131 t\u00fcrden bir vali olarak \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131<\/strong>. Diyarbak\u0131r k\u0131rsal\u0131nda, kara ve nehir yollar\u0131nda, Suriye\u2019ye do\u011fru ilerleyen konvoylardaki Ermenileri soymak ve katletmek \u00fczere bekleyen Te\u015fkilat-\u0131 Mahsusa \u00e7eteleri Dr. Re\u015fit\u2019in korumas\u0131 alt\u0131ndayd\u0131lar. Diyarbak\u0131r\u2019da yarg\u0131lamak, tamamen bir yaland\u0131. Diyarbak\u0131r\u2019da yarg\u0131lamaya esas olacak bir dosya veya iddianame yoktu. Ger\u00e7ekte, Vali Dr. Re\u015fit, Dahiliye Naz\u0131r\u0131\u2019na, \u201cSen bana g\u00f6nder, ben hallederim\u201d mesaj\u0131n\u0131 vermi\u015f oluyordu. Urfa-Diyarbak\u0131r yolu Ermeniler i\u00e7in katliam yolu olarak isim yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde de \u201cyarg\u0131s\u0131z infaz\u201d olarak tan\u0131mlanan cinayetlerin merkezi buras\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u0130ttihat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n iyi dostu, meclisin itibarl\u0131 iki mebusu Krikor Zohrab ve Vartkes Sereng\u00fclyan, i\u015fte b\u00f6yle bir komployla 47 g\u00fcn s\u00fcren bir yolculuktan sonra Urfa\u2019dan Diyarbak\u0131r\u2019a do\u011fru jandarma korumas\u0131 alt\u0131nda giderken yollar\u0131 kesilerek, isimleri devlet taraf\u0131ndan bilinen \u00e7eteciler taraf\u0131ndan en ilkel \u015fekillerde \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fcler.<\/p>\n

KA\u00c7IRILMA TEKL\u0130F\u0130N\u0130 REDDETT\u0130LER<\/strong><\/h6>\n

Zohrab ve Vartkes, Ermeni devrimcilerin Konya-Ere\u011fli (s. 305-6) ile Urfa\u2019da (s. 325) ve eski \u015eam Mebusu \u015e\u00fckr\u00fc el Asali\u2019nin dostlar\u0131yla (s. 312) Urfa\u2019da ka\u00e7\u0131rma teklifini kabul etmedi. Esir iki insan, can\u0131n\u0131n kurtar\u0131laca\u011f\u0131 teklifine neden \u201chay\u0131r\u201d demi\u015ftir? Zohrab\u2019\u0131n, \u2018\u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclme korkusunu\u2019 ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bu g\u00fcnlerde Halep\u2019te vasiyetnamesini haz\u0131rlamas\u0131 (s. 359, 389-91), \u2018kurtulma\u2019 \u00fcmidinin t\u00fckendi\u011fi anlam\u0131na gelmiyor mu?\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00c7ok yerinde ve hakl\u0131 bir soru. Zohrab\u2019\u0131n Osmanl\u0131 T\u00fcrk-Ermeni dostlu\u011funa samimi olarak \u00f6nem verdi\u011fini yukar\u0131da s\u0131kl\u0131kla belirtti\u011fimiz gibi, her \u015feye ra\u011fmen hukuka ve adalete g\u00fcvendi\u011fini de belirtmemiz gerekir. D\u00f6nemin \u00f6nde gelen hukuk\u00e7usu olan Krikor Zohrab, pek \u00e7ok yarg\u0131 mensubunun \u00fcniversitedeki \u00f6\u011fretmenli\u011fini yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Her \u015feye ra\u011fmen yarg\u0131lanmas\u0131 halinde,\u00a0hakl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ispat edebilece\u011fine ve yarg\u0131layanlar\u0131 ikna edebilece\u011fine inan\u0131yordu<\/strong>. Diyarbak\u0131r\u2019da da olsa, orada da hakimlerin oldu\u011funu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyordu. Bu iyimserli\u011fini mebus arkada\u015f\u0131 Vartkes\u2019e de aktarm\u0131\u015f olmal\u0131yd\u0131. Bu nedenle ka\u00e7\u0131r\u0131lma tekliflerini reddetmi\u015f, b\u00f6yle bir \u015feyi kendisine yak\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n

Ama\u2026 Halep\u2019te vasiyetini haz\u0131rlay\u0131p e\u015fine g\u00f6ndermesi, bu konudaki \u015f\u00fcphelerini de g\u00f6steriyor. Halep\u2019ten Diyarbak\u0131r\u2019a \u00e7ok az yol kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Zohrab\u2019\u0131n, yolda \u00e7eteciler taraf\u0131ndan veya Diyarbak\u0131r\u2019da sahte bir yarg\u0131lama ile \u00f6l\u00fcme mahk\u00fbm edilmesi ihtimalini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmeye ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 anla\u015f\u0131l\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

Yine de bu teredd\u00fctl\u00fc hali, karar\u0131n\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirmeye yetmemi\u015f. Sonunda \u00f6l\u00fcm de olsa, doru bildi\u011fi yoldan d\u00f6nmemi\u015f. Efsanevi bir trajik son\u2026<\/p>\n

POL\u0130S: VARTKES, SANA \u00dc\u00c7 G\u00dcN, \u0130STANBUL\u2019U TERKET<\/strong><\/h6>\n

Vartkes, mutlaka ya\u015fad\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 hat\u0131rlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 halde ka\u00e7\u0131r\u0131lmay\u0131 nas\u0131l kabul etmez? Meclisi Mebusan zab\u0131tlar\u0131n\u0131 okuyorum. Vartkes, Mebus R\u0131za Tevfik\u2019in Abd\u00fclhamid d\u00f6neminde hapsoldu\u011funu hat\u0131rlatmas\u0131 \u00fczerine kendisinin de \u00e7ok i\u015fkence g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc, ba\u015f\u0131ndaki yaran\u0131n, ayaklar\u0131ndaki nallar\u0131n ve ellerindeki m\u0131hlar\u0131n yerinin belli oldu\u011funu s\u00f6ylemi\u015ftir.(3) Vartkes, Mebus \u00d6mer Fevzi\u2019nin (Karahisar\u0131 \u015earki-\u015eebikarahisar), \u201cT\u00fcrkler o kadar vah\u015fi de\u011fil\u201d ifadesine cevaben, \u201cBabam\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131n\u0131 keseni ben g\u00f6rd\u00fcm, sen g\u00f6rmedin. T\u00fcrkler vah\u015fi de\u011fil, babam\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131n\u0131 kesen kim ise o vah\u015fidir\u201d demi\u015ftir.(4) Bunlar\u0131 ya\u015fam\u0131\u015f bir insan, neden ka\u00e7maz?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Vartkes ile Zohrab aras\u0131ndaki fark\u0131 burada belirtmek gerekiyor. Vartkes, Abd\u00fclhamid istibdad\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 m\u00fccadeleye, gen\u00e7 ya\u015f\u0131nda aktif bir fedai olarak kat\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. S\u00f6zleriyle, bu m\u00fccadelede \u00f6dedi\u011fi bedellerin boyutunu anlatmaktad\u0131r. Me\u015frutiyet rejimine ge\u00e7ildi\u011finde, Vartkes\u2019in ilerleyen ya\u015f\u0131nda evlendi\u011fini, \u00e7ocuk sahibi oldu\u011funu g\u00f6r\u00fcyoruz.<\/p>\n

24 Nisan 1915 tutuklama operasyonundan sonra, Vartkes hen\u00fcz mebus olarak bir\u00e7ok \u00fcst d\u00fczey g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fme yaparak \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f yollar\u0131 ar\u0131yordu. \u0130stanbul\u2019daki Ermeni ayd\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131n tutuklanmas\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131ndaki\u00a0\u0130stanbul Emniyet M\u00fcd\u00fcr\u00fc Bedri Bey<\/strong>\u00a0ile aralar\u0131nda ge\u00e7en \u015fu k\u0131sa konu\u015fma eski fedai Vartkes\u2019in yeni durumunu anlatmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Bedri<\/strong>\u2013 Sana \u0130stanbul\u2019u terk etmen i\u00e7in \u00fc\u00e7 g\u00fcn veriyorum.<\/p>\n

Vartkes<\/strong>\u2013 Kar\u0131m hasta, bana en az\u0131ndan on g\u00fcn gerekir.<\/p>\n

Bedri<\/strong>\u2013 Sana ne dediysem odur.<\/p>\n

Dahiliye Naz\u0131r\u0131 Talat Bey de an\u0131lar\u0131nda, Vartkes\u2019e \u0130stanbul\u2019u terk edip gitmesini tavsiye etti\u011fini, s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131 varsa para yard\u0131m\u0131 yapabilece\u011fini s\u00f6yledi\u011fini yazm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Vartkes\u2019in, o s\u0131rada \u0130stanbul\u2019daki Ta\u015fnaksutyun komitesindeki g\u00f6revini terk etmedi\u011fi, ancak Zohrab\u2019\u0131n uzla\u015fmac\u0131 tutumunun, eski fedai Vartkes\u2019i etkisi alt\u0131na ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 anla\u015f\u0131l\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

\n

NOTLAR<\/strong><\/p>\n

(1)<\/strong>\u00a0PA-AA\/R 14088; A30012, pr.16.10.1915, p.m., aktaran Wolfgang Gust,\u00a0Alman Belgeleri Ermeni Soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 1915-1916, \u00e7eviren: Zekiye Hasan\u00e7ebi&A. Takcan, Belge Yay\u0131nlar\u0131, \u0130stanbul-2012, s. 483, 491. Alman raporunda Mateos Nalbadyan yaz\u0131yor, ama Meclis-i Mebusan\u2019da ad\u0131: Matyos [Mateos] Nalbatyan\u2019d\u0131r (T\u00fcrk Parlamento Tarihi, I. ve II. Me\u015frutiyet, cilt: 2, TBMM Vakf\u0131, Ankara-1998, s. 54;\u00a0MMZC, devre: 3, cilt: 1, sene 5, 4.11.1918, s. 112-113).<\/em><\/p>\n

(2)<\/strong>\u00a0Erg\u00fcn Aybars\u2019\u0131n\u00a0\u0130stiklal Mahkemeleri, AD Yay\u0131nc\u0131l\u0131k, \u0130stanbul-1997, s. 128-131, 348.<\/em><\/p>\n

(3)<\/strong>\u00a0MMZC, devre: 1, sene: 3, cilt: 1, 7.12.1910, s. 366.<\/em><\/p>\n

(4)<\/strong>\u00a0MMZC, devre: 1, sene: 3, cilt: 6, 16.5.1911, s. 559-560.<\/em><\/p>\n

https:\/\/www.gazeteduvar.com.tr\/1915te-zohrab-dahil-alti-ermeni-mebus-olduruldu-biri-idam-edildi-makale-1722760<\/a><\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Nevzat Onaran Nesim Ovadya \u0130zrail ile Osmanl\u0131\u2019n\u0131n \u00fcnl\u00fc avukatlar\u0131ndan ve mebuslar\u0131ndan Krikor Zohrab\u2019\u0131n siyasi duru\u015funu ve \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclmesine kadar ya\u015fanan olaylar\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 kitab\u0131n\u0131 konu\u015ftuk. \u0130zrail, Zohrab ile Hrant Dink aras\u0131ndaki benzerliklere de\u011finiyor, ad\u0131 \u2018Son Osmanl\u0131c\u0131\u2019ya \u00e7\u0131kan Zohrab\u2019\u0131n her kesimden insan\u0131n hakk\u0131n\u0131 savunmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen, \u0130ttihat Terakki\u2019nin yarg\u0131s\u0131z infaz\u0131ndan kurtulamay\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 aktar\u0131yor. Nesim Ovadya \u0130zrail, 1915\u2019i, Krikor Zohrab\u2019\u0131n tarihselli\u011fi […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":81052,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[44,1,54,71,20],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-81051","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ermeni-soykirimi","category-haberler","category-kitaplar-elestiriler","category-mulakatlar","category-tarih-sayfalari"],"yoast_head":"\n1915\u2019te Zohrab d\u00e2hil alt\u0131 Ermeni mebus \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc, biri idam edildi - Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=81051\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"1915\u2019te Zohrab d\u00e2hil alt\u0131 Ermeni mebus \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc, biri idam edildi - Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Nevzat Onaran Nesim Ovadya \u0130zrail ile Osmanl\u0131\u2019n\u0131n \u00fcnl\u00fc avukatlar\u0131ndan ve mebuslar\u0131ndan Krikor Zohrab\u2019\u0131n siyasi duru\u015funu ve \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclmesine kadar ya\u015fanan olaylar\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 kitab\u0131n\u0131 konu\u015ftuk. \u0130zrail, Zohrab ile Hrant Dink aras\u0131ndaki benzerliklere de\u011finiyor, ad\u0131 \u2018Son Osmanl\u0131c\u0131\u2019ya \u00e7\u0131kan Zohrab\u2019\u0131n her kesimden insan\u0131n hakk\u0131n\u0131 savunmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen, \u0130ttihat Terakki\u2019nin yarg\u0131s\u0131z infaz\u0131ndan kurtulamay\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 aktar\u0131yor. 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