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\u0130ra<\/strong> Tzourou<\/strong><\/p>\n Girit adas\u0131ndaki Ermenilerin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 Bizans d\u00f6nemine kadar uzanmaktad\u0131r.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n Adaya y\u00f6nelik ilk Arap ak\u0131nlar\u0131 Emev\u00eeler zaman\u0131nda olur. Mu\u00e2viye d\u00f6neminde her y\u0131l Akdeniz ve Ege\u2019de deniz seferlerine \u00e7\u0131kan C\u00fcn\u00e2de b. Eb\u00fb \u00dcmeyye el-Ezd\u00ee kumandas\u0131ndaki Arap ordusu 53 (673) – 54 (674) y\u0131l\u0131nda Girit\u2019e bir sefer d\u00fczenleyip k\u00f6y ve kasabalar\u0131 ya\u011fmalad\u0131ktan sonra geri d\u00f6ner. Girit adas\u0131na yap\u0131lan bu ilk \u0130sl\u00e2m ak\u0131n\u0131n\u0131 s\u0131k\u00e7a di\u011ferleri takip eder. Bu \u015fekilde Girit\u2019te yerle\u015fen Araplar burada Rabazulhandak \u015fehrini kuraralar. Adan\u0131n bu \u015fehrinin ismi tarih boyunca kar\u015f\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 Handaka-Kandiye ve Heraklion olarak \u00e7\u0131kacakt\u0131r. Bizansl\u0131lar aday\u0131 geri almak i\u00e7in \u00e7e\u015fitli siyas\u00ee ve asker\u00ee te\u015febb\u00fcslerde bulunurlar, nihayet Nikiforos Fokas kumandas\u0131ndaki kuvvetler bir y\u0131l s\u00fcren ku\u015fatman\u0131n sonunda 6 Mart 961\u2019de \u015fehri ele ge\u00e7irirler. Adan\u0131n M\u00fcsl\u00fcman halk\u0131n\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc buray\u0131 terk eder. Do\u011fu’da Araplara kar\u015f\u0131 yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 sava\u015flarla \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131kan ve do\u011fu birliklerinin ba\u015fkomutan\u0131 unvan\u0131n\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131yan Fokas, orduda b\u00fcy\u00fck bir otoriteye sahip ve askeri zaferleri ile Bizans’ta \u00e7ok pop\u00fcler olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen Ermeni as\u0131ll\u0131 olmas\u0131 Bizans aristokrasisinde sevilmemesinin sebebi olarak bilinir. 960 y\u0131l\u0131nda Girit’i Araplardan geri almak i\u00e7in g\u00f6nderilen birliklerin ba\u015fkomutanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u00fcstlenen Fokas, 308 gemilik bir filo, 50.000 asker, 27.000 s\u00fcvari ve 960 denizci ile Handaka yak\u0131nlar\u0131nda Girit’e ayak basar.\u00a0 N. Fokas\u0131n askeri g\u00fcc\u00fc, Ayd\u0131n Priene ve Trabzon Platanio de bulunan Ermeni askeri kolonilerinden oldu\u011fu iddia edilmektedir. Adan\u0131n Araplardan ar\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 ama\u00e7l\u0131 sefere, Trakya b\u00f6lgesinde ya\u015fayan Ermeniler de kat\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Girit’in Fokas taraf\u0131ndan kurtar\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n ard\u0131ndan seferi kuvvetlerine mensup bir\u00e7ok Ermeni, aileleriyle birlikte adaya yerle\u015ferek yeni bir vatan edinmi\u015ftir. Girit adas\u0131nda bulunan eski Armeni (\u0391\u03c1\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9),Armeniana (\u0391\u03c1\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b9\u03b1\u03bd\u03ac), Armenohorio (\u0391\u03c1\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf\u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03b9\u03cc), Armenokateli (\u0391\u03c1\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03bb\u03b9), Armenopetra (\u0391\u03c1\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03cc\u03c0\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1), Armenokambos (\u0391\u03c1\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03cc\u03ba\u03b1\u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c2) gibi yer adlar\u0131 Ermenilerin yerle\u015fim yerlerine atfedilmektedir.<\/p>\n Arap istilalar\u0131 d\u00f6neminde adan\u0131n yerlisinin yak\u0131n adalar ve ana karaya g\u00f6\u00e7\u00fc ile ada yerli halk\u0131ndan temizlemi\u015f, yeni gelen Hristiyan Ermeniler ile tekrar canlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Venedikli tarih\u00e7i Andreas Kornaros , Armenis soyad\u0131n\u0131n Girit’te kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, bilhassa Fokas y\u00f6netimindeki soylu aileler taraf\u0131ndan kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bahsetmektedir.<\/p>\n Hanya b\u00f6lgesinde ayn\u0131 d\u00f6nemde Ermenilerin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131, Hanya mezarl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndaki Evangelist Luka’n\u0131n k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck kilisesinin giri\u015finde Ermeni yaz\u0131tl\u0131 d\u00f6rt mezar ta\u015f\u0131 ile kan\u0131tlanmaktad\u0131r. Bu mezar ta\u015flar\u0131, Osmanl\u0131 i\u015fgali d\u00f6neminde a\u011f\u0131r hasar g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015f, tap\u0131na\u011f\u0131n yenilenmesiyle birlikte kald\u0131r\u0131l\u0131p, Arkeoloji Hizmetleri\u2019nin m\u00fcdahalesiyle bug\u00fcn Girit Tarih ve Arkeoloji M\u00fczesi’nde korumaya al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n Adaya 10. As\u0131rdan itibaren gruplar halinde \u00e7e\u015fitli Ermeni g\u00f6\u00e7leri olmu\u015f , bu g\u00f6\u00e7ler adan\u0131n H\u0131ristiyan unsurunu g\u00fc\u00e7lendirdikleri i\u00e7in ya da ekonomiye b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde katk\u0131da bulunduklar\u0131 i\u00e7in adan\u0131n tarihinde \u00f6nemli rol oynam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n Venedik Senatosu’nun belgeleri, Handaka’da Venedik egemenli\u011fi d\u00f6neminde (MS 1217-1669), T\u00fcrkler ve Mo\u011follar dan bask\u0131 g\u00f6ren Orta Do\u011fu Ermenilerin, Girit\u2019e yerle\u015fmek i\u00e7in izin istediklerini do\u011frulamaktad\u0131r. 1363’ten hemen sonra Handaka’ya, Agios Georgios Doriano (\u0386\u03b3\u03b9\u03bf \u0393\u03b5\u03ce\u03c1\u03b3\u03b9\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u0394\u03c9\u03c1\u03c5\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc) civar\u0131na yerle\u015fmeleri, b\u00f6lgeye “Ermeni mahallesi” ad\u0131n\u0131n verilmesine yol a\u00e7m\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ayn\u0131 d\u00f6nem 1414 y\u0131l\u0131nda Venedik Senatosundan \u00e7\u0131kan kararname ile Girit \u0130daresinden 80 Ermeni ailenin Trabzon’dan geli\u015fini duyurur. Ailelerin kar\u015f\u0131lanmas\u0131 ve kalacak yerlerinin organize edilmesi istenir. Girit’in 14. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ba\u015flar\u0131ndan itibaren Ermeniler ile ticari ili\u015fkileri oldu\u011fu, Venedik filolar\u0131 ile ticaret yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 da belgeler de g\u00f6rmekteyiz. Venedik egemenli\u011finin ilk y\u0131llar\u0131nda Handaka’da Armeni ve Armani soyadlar\u0131 kullan\u0131l\u0131r ve bu soyadlar\u0131 zamanla Armenis veya Armenakis olarak Helenle\u015fecektir.<\/p>\n \u200bOsmanl\u0131n\u0131n 1645 y\u0131l\u0131 itibar\u0131 ile 24 y\u0131l s\u00fcren yer alt\u0131 ve \u00fcst\u00fc korkun\u00e7 Kandiye sava\u015f\u0131 \u015fehrin Eyl\u00fcl 1669 da K\u00f6pr\u00fcl\u00fczade Faz\u0131l Ahmed Pa\u015fa ya teslim edilmesi ile bitter ve ada Osmanl\u0131 y\u00f6netimine girer. Yakla\u015f\u0131k 4.000 adal\u0131, aday\u0131 terk ederek \u0130yonya Adalar\u0131’na ve Venedik’e yerle\u015fir. Bu geli\u015fmelerden sonra Venedik y\u00f6netimindeki Ermenilerin kaderiyle ilgili sorusu do\u011fal olarak ortaya \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor. Girit Ermenilerine ne oldu? Muhtemelen Ermenilerin b\u00fcy\u00fck bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc, Venedik topraklar\u0131na ve Bat\u0131’ya g\u00f6\u00e7 ettiler.<\/p>\n Adada kalan Ermeni etnik k\u00f6kenlilerin Osmanl\u0131 d\u00f6neminde serbest meslek sahibi ve t\u00fcccar olduklar\u0131 bilinmekte. Ermeniler f\u0131r\u0131nc\u0131lara nazaran, kuyumcular loncas\u0131n\u0131 tamamen kontrol ediyorlard\u0131. Ayn\u0131 zamanda zanaatkarlard\u0131: ah\u015fap oymac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131, demircilik, k\u0131l\u0131\u00e7 ve b\u0131\u00e7ak ustalar\u0131, kahve ticaretinin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra adada terzilik de yap\u0131yorlard\u0131. Osmanl\u0131 d\u00f6nemine ait 17. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ikinci yar\u0131s\u0131ndan kalma, Hanya’daki \u0130slami R\u00f6nesans sanat\u0131n\u0131n sembol\u00fc K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck Hasan Cami Ermeni bir mimar taraf\u0131ndan tasarlan\u0131p in\u015fa edilmi\u015ftir. Ayn\u0131 mimar Selinos’un Spaniako k\u00f6y\u00fcnde de g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde var olmayan bir cami in\u015fa etmi\u015ftir. Ermeniler ayn\u0131 zamanda Payitaht- Girit aras\u0131 para transferlerinde arac\u0131l\u0131k da yaparlar. Abraham (Abro) \u00c7elebinin durumunda oldu\u011fu gibi bor\u00e7 ve kefil i\u015fleri ile u\u011fra\u015fan Abro \u00c7elebi, Girit’teki Osmanl\u0131 ordusunun resmi tedarik\u00e7isi olarak hizmet veren bir \u0130stanbul Ermeni\u2019siydi. Eremia \u00c7elebi’nin de bahsetti\u011fi bir 17. y\u00fczy\u0131l fig\u00fcr\u00fc olan Abro \u00c7elebi \u00e7ok say\u0131da \u00f6nde gelen Ermeni aras\u0131nda en bilineni ve belki de en g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fcs\u00fc olarak 1659’da Sadrazam Deli H\u00fcseyin Pa\u015fa’n\u0131n zimmete para ge\u00e7irme su\u00e7undan idam edilmesi \u00fczerine hapse at\u0131l\u0131r. Abro \u00c7elebi bu krizi atlatarak Osmanl\u0131 devletine hizmet etmeye devam eder ve bu sefer K\u00f6pr\u00fcl\u00fczade Faz\u0131l Ahmed Pa\u015fa ile i\u015f birli\u011fi yapar.<\/p>\n Ermeni milletinden Abro \u00c7elebi, hay\u0131rseverlik ve k\u00fclt\u00fcrel faaliyetlere verdi\u011fi destekle de tan\u0131n\u0131yordu. Bir\u00e7ok el yazmas\u0131n\u0131n kopyalanmas\u0131na, pek \u00e7ok kilisenin in\u015fas\u0131na ve onar\u0131lmas\u0131nda maddi masraflar\u0131 \u00fcstlenir. Episkopos Eghiazar Ayntaptsi\u2019nin (1681-1691) g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir destek\u00e7isidir. Kurdu\u011fu ticari a\u011f sayesinde aile \u00fcyelerinin on sekizinci y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n sonlar\u0131na kadar \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131kmaya devam etti\u011fini g\u00f6rmek \u015fa\u015f\u0131rt\u0131c\u0131 de\u011fil. Abro \u00c7elebi Sultan \u0130brahim’in ferman\u0131yla vergi ve g\u00fcmr\u00fck ba\u011flar\u0131ndan muaf tututlur. Kandiye’deki Ermeni cemaatinin tarihi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan da \u00f6nemi kayda de\u011ferdir. Osmanl\u0131 devletinden Doriano Ermeni mahallesindeki (Osmanl\u0131 d\u00f6neminde k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck \u00e7ar\u015f\u0131 olarak da bilinirdi) Agios Georgios Rum Ortodoks kilisesini sat\u0131n alarak Ermeni cemaatine ba\u011f\u0131\u015flar. Osmanl\u0131 i\u015fgali s\u0131ras\u0131nda i\u015flevlerini yerine getirmek \u00fczere H\u0131ristiyanlara b\u0131rak\u0131lan \u00fc\u00e7 kiliseden biri olan ibadethane Avrupa\u2019daki en eski Ermeni kiliselerinden biridir. Kilise g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze kadar faaldir. 1671 y\u0131l\u0131nda Ermenilere, kendi istekleri \u00fczerine, \u015fehrin bat\u0131s\u0131nda, Rum ve Yahudi mezarl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131nda \u00f6l\u00fclerini defnetmeleri i\u00e7in d\u00f6rt d\u00f6n\u00fcml\u00fck bir alan verilir. Mezarl\u0131k bug\u00fcn stadyumun kuzeyindedir. Kilise\u2019nin avlusunda 17. y\u00fczy\u0131lda Girit\u2019e g\u00f6\u00e7 eden Ermeni ailelerine ait 30\u2019a yak\u0131n mermer mezar ta\u015f\u0131 bulunmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n Adan\u0131n Osmanl\u0131 i\u015fgali sonu 3 Kas\u0131m 1898 y\u0131l\u0131d\u0131r. Hanya’daki T\u00fcrk i\u015fgali 20 A\u011fustos 1645’ten itibaren 253 y\u0131l, Kandiye’de 229 y\u0131l, Spinalonga ve Souda’da ise 171 y\u0131l s\u00fcrd\u00fc.\u00a0 19. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n son on y\u0131l\u0131 ve 20. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ilk y\u0131llar\u0131nda \u0130zmir b\u00f6lgesinden aileler Kandiye’ye yerle\u015fti. Buraya ticari nedenlerle mi, yoksa II. Abd\u00fclhamit’in 1894’ten 1907’ye kadar Ermenilere kar\u015f\u0131 yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 katliamlar\u0131n yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131 istikrars\u0131z siyasi durumdan m\u0131 geldiklerini tahmin ediyoruz. Bu ailelerin kuma\u015f ve kahve ticaretiyle u\u011fra\u015ft\u0131klar\u0131 biliniyor. Ermenilerin Heraklion (Kandiye) \u015fehrine yerle\u015fmelerinin ba\u015fl\u0131ca nedeni Surp Hovhannu Garabed Ermeni Kilisesi’nin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131d\u0131r. 1915 senesinde ada her nedense Ermeni g\u00f6\u00e7\u00fc almaz. Heraklion, Nea Hronika 24\/12\/1945 tarihli gazetesinin bir makalesinde, adan\u0131n ilk futbol tak\u0131m\u0131 Amilla\u2019n\u0131n 1904 senesinde kurulmas\u0131 ile kadroda bulunan \u201cErmeni Agop Magazazyan\u201da yer vermi\u015ftir. Girit adas\u0131n\u0131n y\u00f6resel gazetelerinin taranmas\u0131 sonucunda, toplumsal haberlerde, Ermenilerin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131na rastlatmay\u0131z. Kilise haberlerinde d\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn vaftiz duyurular\u0131, tiyatro, milli bayram kutlamalar\u0131, ve esnaf Ermenilerin k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck reklamlar\u0131 bunlar\u0131n aras\u0131ndad\u0131r.<\/p>\n 1. D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131’n\u0131 sona erdiren antla\u015fmalar\u0131n haz\u0131rland\u0131\u011f\u0131 18 Ocak 1919 Paris Bar\u0131\u015f konferans\u0131na kat\u0131lan Yunanistan’\u0131n ba\u015fbakan\u0131, Megali \u0130dea’n\u0131n mimar\u0131 ve modern Yunanistan’\u0131n en \u00f6nemli siyaset\u00e7ilerinden Elefterios Venizelos, 16 Ocak gecesi konferansa kat\u0131lacak olan Ermeni temsilcilerin davetini kabul eder. \u015eahs\u0131na verilen ziyafette Paris Ermeni Entelekt\u00fceller Birli\u011fi Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Ar\u015fag Cobanyan ve Ermeni Ulusal Delegasyonu Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Bo\u011fos Nubar bulunmaktad\u0131r. \u00dc\u00e7 \u015fahsiyetin s\u00f6z ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 davette, Venizelos\u2019un yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 konu\u015fma Girit\u2019in Ermeni ge\u00e7mi\u015fine at\u0131flar ile doludur. Venizelos\u2019un adan\u0131n ge\u00e7mi\u015f tarihine dayal\u0131 itiraf demeci salonda bulunanlar\u0131n alk\u0131\u015flar\u0131n\u0131 al\u0131r :<\/p>\n “Size \u015funu s\u00f6yleyebilirim ki, Ermeniler \u2019de \u00e7ok fazla Yunan kan\u0131 olmasa da, tam tersine Giritliler\u2019de \u00e7ok fazla Ermeni kan\u0131 vard\u0131r”.<\/p>\n \u201cBendeki bu Ermeni kan\u0131n\u0131n varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n, beni Ermeni \u0131rk\u0131n\u0131n candan bir dostu yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6ylemek istemiyorum. Bu varsay\u0131m tamamen ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zd\u0131r. Bunun nedeni yaln\u0131zca Osmanl\u0131 y\u00f6netimi s\u0131ras\u0131nda ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z bariz yoksulla\u015fma ve sefalet de\u011fil, ayn\u0131 zamanda desteklememiz gereken ortak \u00e7\u0131karlara dair sahip oldu\u011fum net alg\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n Az \u00f6nce say\u0131n ba\u015fkan\u0131n da (Bo\u011fos Nubar) belirtti\u011fi gibi, iki milletimiz ge\u00e7mi\u015fte [Bizans] \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu d\u00f6neminde i\u015f birli\u011fi yapm\u0131\u015flard\u0131, \u00fclkemizde \u00e7ok say\u0131da Ermeni imparatoru ve generali vard\u0131. \u0130ki ulusumuzun ortak ve en az\u0131ndan paralel bir misyonu yerine getirmesi gerekti\u011fine dair net bir hissim var. Bu nedenle, Ermeni milletine olan derin sempatimi ve Ermeni milletinin vizyonlar\u0131n\u0131n ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmesini g\u00f6rmek i\u00e7in elimdeki en m\u00fctevaz\u0131 ara\u00e7larla i\u015f birli\u011fi yapma arzumu en a\u00e7\u0131k \u015fekilde ifade etme f\u0131rsat\u0131n\u0131 asla ka\u00e7\u0131rmad\u0131m. Ayr\u0131ca yak\u0131nda imzalayaca\u011f\u0131m\u0131z bar\u0131\u015f\u0131n, Ermenistan’\u0131n ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve Yunan halk\u0131n\u0131n kurtulu\u015fu ile bu \u00f6nerilen ittifak\u0131 (ger\u00e7ekten Say\u0131n Nubar, bunu ilk siz mi \u00f6nerdiniz, ben mi?) m\u00fch\u00fcrleyece\u011fini umuyorum ve bunu memnuniyetle kabul ediyorum.<\/p>\n Kadehimi Ermenistan’\u0131n refah\u0131na ve Do\u011fu’daki dayan\u0131\u015fmam\u0131z ayr\u0131ca yak\u0131n ittifak\u0131m\u0131z ad\u0131na kald\u0131r\u0131p i\u00e7iyorum (alk\u0131\u015flar).\u201d<\/p>\n \u00dc\u00e7 konu\u015fmac\u0131n\u0131n deme\u00e7leri \u201cLa Fraternit\u00e9 Arm\u00e9no-Grecque\u201d 1919 bask\u0131s\u0131 kitapta yer al\u0131r. 42 sayfal\u0131k dok\u00fcman\u0131n terc\u00fcmeleri 2022 senesinde \u201cHellen-Ermeni karde\u015fli\u011fi\u201d ad\u0131 ile Venizelos Vakf\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan tan\u0131t\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n 1922 K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck Asya felaketinden sonra 1.300.000 Hristiyan g\u00f6\u00e7men kabul eden Yunanistan, 45.000 Ermeni\u2019ye de yeni vatan olur. Eyl\u00fcl ay\u0131nda Rethimno liman\u0131na yana\u015fan Patris gemisi 2800 g\u00f6\u00e7meni \u015fehre b\u0131rak\u0131r. 15 Ekim Kritiki Epitheorisi gazetesinin \u201cG\u00f6\u00e7menler\u00a0 S\u00fctunundan\u201d ailelerini arayanlar aras\u0131nda : A\u011favni Kalfayan: e\u015fi Takvor\u2019u , Dudu Manukyan: o\u011flu \u0130stepan ve e\u015fi Manu\u011f\u2019u , G\u00fcli\u00e7a Kalayc\u0131yan : e\u015fi Avedis ve o\u011fullar\u0131 Krikor ile Petro\u2019yu , Sirpuhi Agopyan: amcas\u0131 \u0130stepan Manasyan\u2019\u0131, Roza Ayrabatyan: e\u015fini, damad\u0131n\u0131, \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n\u0131 ve annesini aramaktad\u0131r. Vartanu\u015f, G\u00fcla, Armenuhi ve y\u00fczlerce K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck Asyal\u0131 ermeni , akrabalar\u0131n\u0131 kaybetmi\u015f ve bir gazete ilan\u0131 ile ula\u015fma \u00e7abas\u0131ndad\u0131rlar. Liste \u00e7ok uzun. \u0130zmir, Ayval\u0131k, Bergama, Bursa, Manisa y\u00f6relerinden canlar\u0131n\u0131 kurtaran Ermeniler adal\u0131lar taraf\u0131ndan kucaklan\u0131r. Girit Osmanl\u0131 M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131, M\u00fcft\u00fcler ve Hristiyan Papazlar ile bir olup camileri, tekkeleri ve okullar\u0131 derhal g\u00f6\u00e7menlere a\u00e7arlar. Sa\u011fl\u0131k sorunlar\u0131n\u0131n g\u00fcnden g\u00fcne b\u00fcy\u00fcd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc s\u0131\u011f\u0131naklarda, ya\u015fam zor ko\u015fullar alt\u0131nda geli\u015fir. Salg\u0131n hastal\u0131klar\u0131n g\u00fcnden g\u00fcne \u00e7o\u011fald\u0131\u011f\u0131 senelerde Heraklion\u2019da 230 aile, Rethimno da 46 aile, Sitia da 24 aile ve Hanya da 27 aile bar\u0131n\u0131r. B\u00f6ylece Heraklion’da Ermeni kilisesi Ermeni g\u00f6\u00e7menlerin toplanma noktas\u0131 haline gelir. Bir kilise meclisi, bir spor derne\u011fi (Ararat), bir gen\u00e7lik kul\u00fcb\u00fc, iki Ermeni ve bir Rum \u00f6\u011fretmeninin bulundu\u011fu bir okul, bir anaokulu ve bir k\u00fct\u00fcphane kurulur. May\u0131s 1928 senesinin n\u00fcfus say\u0131mlar\u0131na g\u00f6re adada 769 Ermeni vard\u0131r. 1946 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar faaliyet g\u00f6steren okulda 200 \u00f6\u011frenci e\u011fitim al\u0131r.<\/p>\n 20 May\u0131s 1941 sabah\u0131 Nazi Almanyas\u0131’n\u0131n Girit’e hava sald\u0131r\u0131s\u0131 ile ba\u015flayan Alman i\u015fgali, adadaki pek \u00e7ok Ermeni\u2019nin Yunanl\u0131lar ile fa\u015fizme kar\u015f\u0131 dire\u015f harekatlar\u0131nda yer almalar\u0131 ile de tarihe ge\u00e7er. Rethimno direni\u015finden 1916 Manisa K\u0131rka\u011fa\u00e7 do\u011fumlu \u00a0Harutyun Yor\u011fanc\u0131yan Nazi kar\u015f\u0131t\u0131 silahl\u0131 direni\u015f hareketine kat\u0131l\u0131m\u0131 nedeni ile tutuklan\u0131r ve infaz edilir. 1917 Ak\u015fehir do\u011fumlu Nazaret Papazyan, Rethimno\u2019da Milli Kurtulu\u015f Cephesi ve yerel \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fcn habercisidir. 1943\u2019te tutuklan\u0131r ve infaz edilir. Girit do\u011fumlu Ye\u011fya Hac\u0131k\u00f6seyan, Pire Kokinya\u2019ya y\u00f6nelik 8 Mart 1944\u2019te ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilen ilk cezaland\u0131rma operasyonu s\u0131ras\u0131nda (bloko) tutuklan\u0131r. Bir g\u00fcn sonra infaz edilir.<\/p>\n 1946 yaz\u0131 yerel Ermeni cemaatinin tarihinde bir d\u00f6n\u00fcm noktas\u0131d\u0131r. Sovyet Ermenistan\u2019\u0131, Ermeni diasporas\u0131n\u0131 kendi topraklar\u0131na yerle\u015fmeye davet etti\u011finde, hareketin ak\u0131\u015f\u0131 tersine d\u00f6ner. 1946’dan 1947’ye kadar ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen vatana geri d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f, Yunanistan\u2019daki t\u00fcm Ermeni topluluklar\u0131n\u0131 etkiler. \u00c7o\u011funlukla Yunanistan\u2019\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck \u015fehirlerinin gecekondu mahallelerinde sefil ya\u015fam ko\u015fullar\u0131 alt\u0131nda ya\u015fayan 1922 \u2018nin Ermeni g\u00f6\u00e7men unsurlar\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7o\u011fu bu \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcme y\u00f6nelir. 1947 senesinin sonunda Girit adas\u0131nda, 187 Ermeni kal\u0131r.<\/p>\n Rethimno\u2019lu yazar Karniotakis Manolis 1950 y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n Rethimno Ermeni cemaatini \u015f\u00f6yle kaleme alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r:<\/p>\n \u201cErmeni unsurunun varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 canl\u0131 tutmaya devam eden Retimnon’da da kalanlar \u00e7oktu. Bunlardan baz\u0131lar\u0131 Doktor Vartanyan ve ailesi, Asteras’ta futbolcu olan iki o\u011fullar\u0131 Garbis ve Ohannes’ti. Ba\u011fdik Bakoyan ailesiyle birlikte Arkadiou’da bir mobilya at\u00f6lyesi i\u015fletiyordu, ayn\u0131 zamanda Girit\u2019in \u015fifal\u0131 otlar\u0131n\u0131n da ihracat\u0131n\u0131 yap\u0131yordu. Sabuncu Artin, gezgin kuma\u015f sat\u0131c\u0131s\u0131 Agop, daktilo tamircisi ve o d\u00f6nemde Rethimno’da da tan\u0131nan Karabet’in ailesi, zengin Rethimnolulara sipari\u015f \u00fczerine g\u00f6mlekler diken terzi Siranu\u015f ve berberlik yapan kocas\u0131. Ayr\u0131ca Ararat tak\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n futbolcusu olan Panik ki daha sonra Asteras\u2019a transfer edildi, Platanos’ta bir kahve d\u00fckk\u00e2n\u0131 i\u015fleten karde\u015fi Markos, Himaras Caddesi’nde meyhane i\u015fleten Krikor, Oharon ailesi, annesi ile ya\u015fayan Manuk ve di\u011ferleri\u2026\u201d<\/p>\n 1950’li ve 1960’l\u0131 y\u0131llarda bu kez Amerika k\u0131tas\u0131na (Arjantin, ABD ve Kanada) Avrupa Fransa’ya ve tabii ki Atina’ya yeni bir g\u00f6\u00e7 olur. Ada Ermeni n\u00fcfusundan g\u00fcnbeg\u00fcn azal\u0131rken 1991 y\u0131l\u0131nda Ermenistan’dan yeni bir g\u00f6\u00e7 dalgas\u0131 al\u0131r. Baz\u0131lar\u0131 burada birka\u00e7 y\u0131l kald\u0131ktan sonra Bat\u0131’ya g\u00f6\u00e7 eder. Di\u011ferleri ise mevcut Ermeni cemaatiyle b\u00fct\u00fcnle\u015ferek \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n\u0131 Yunan okullar\u0131na g\u00f6nderirler ve \u00f6nceki nesillerin izinden giderler. G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde Girit adas\u0131nda Ermenileri hat\u0131rlatacak mezar ta\u015flar\u0131 harici say\u0131s\u0131 yok denilecek kadar bir Ermeni cemaati kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Adan\u0131n Ermeni ge\u00e7mi\u015fini bize hat\u0131rlatan 1922 g\u00f6\u00e7menlerinden Heraklion Venizelos Aslanl\u0131 meydan\u0131nda hala tabelas\u0131 olan \u00a0Kirkor Hovsepyan\u0131n b\u00f6rek\u00e7i d\u00fckkan\u0131 \u201cKirkor 1922\u201d ve \u00e7ok az ki\u015finin bildi\u011fi 1949-1950 y\u0131llar\u0131nda Giorgis Kucurelis\u2019in besteledi\u011fi ve Hristos Koroniotakis’in seslendirdi\u011fi “Armenohorianos Syrto”sudur. Eser Giritli Mikis Theodorakis’in efsane sirtakisin Zorba filmine uyarlad\u0131\u011f\u0131, Kucurelis in hukuki olarak da tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015f ve kimsenin ink\u00e2r edemedi\u011fi \u201cArmenohorianos \u00a0Syrtos”dur (K\u00f6yl\u00fc Ermeni Sirtosu).<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Kaynaklar <\/strong><\/p>\n Akunq.net <\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" \u0130ra Tzourou Girit adas\u0131ndaki Ermenilerin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 Bizans d\u00f6nemine kadar uzanmaktad\u0131r. Adaya y\u00f6nelik ilk Arap ak\u0131nlar\u0131 Emev\u00eeler zaman\u0131nda olur. Mu\u00e2viye d\u00f6neminde her y\u0131l Akdeniz ve Ege\u2019de deniz seferlerine \u00e7\u0131kan C\u00fcn\u00e2de b. Eb\u00fb \u00dcmeyye el-Ezd\u00ee kumandas\u0131ndaki Arap ordusu 53 (673) – 54 (674) y\u0131l\u0131nda Girit\u2019e bir sefer d\u00fczenleyip k\u00f6y ve kasabalar\u0131 ya\u011fmalad\u0131ktan sonra geri d\u00f6ner. Girit adas\u0131na […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":80674,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1,70,20],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-80656","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-haberler","category-makaleler","category-tarih-sayfalari"],"yoast_head":"\n![\"\"](\"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Historical-Museum-of-Crete-360x177.jpeg\")
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