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Nam\u0131k Kemal D\u0130N\u00c7*<\/strong><\/p>\n \u015eengal\u2019de ya\u015fanan 73. Ferman\u2019\u0131n onuncu y\u0131l d\u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fcnde (aradan ge\u00e7en her y\u0131l d\u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fcnde oldu\u011fu gibi) \u00cazid\u00eelerin maruz kald\u0131\u011f\u0131 soyk\u0131r\u0131m an\u0131lacak, yaz\u0131lar yaz\u0131lacak, ac\u0131lar dile getirilerek I\u015e\u0130D canilerine beddualar okunmaya devam edilecek.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n 1. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ba\u015flang\u0131c\u0131nda b\u00fct\u00fcn d\u00fcnyan\u0131n g\u00f6zleri \u00f6n\u00fcnde ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen ve televizyonlardan naklen yay\u0131nlanan \u015eengal \u00cazid\u00ee Soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131\u2019n\u0131n mutad anmalar\u0131 de\u011ferli olmakla birlikte, bu yaz\u0131, anmadan ziyade neler ya\u015fand\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, neden ya\u015fand\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 yeniden d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmek gayesi g\u00fctmektedir.<\/p>\n Yeniden d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcrken, \u00cazid\u00eelerin inan\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131, r\u00fctiellerini, geleneklerini, ya\u015fam al\u0131\u015fkanl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 tarif etmek, g\u00fczellemeler dizmek ya da yermek veya tart\u0131\u015fmaya a\u00e7mak gibi bir amac\u0131 da yok.<\/p>\n Asl\u0131nda Ortado\u011fu\u2019da g\u00f6kle yer aras\u0131nda tarih boyunca olan ve olmaya devam eden hi\u00e7bir \u015fey yeni ve bilinmez de\u011fil. Hatta tekerr\u00fcrden dolay\u0131 haf\u0131zam\u0131z san\u0131landan \u00e7ok daha derin ve g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc. \u00d6ylesine g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc ki her \u015feye bir ad takmak, damgalamak, unutmaya m\u00fcsaade etmeyecek izler b\u0131rakarak haf\u0131zaya kodlamak ve nesiller boyu aktarmakta deh\u015fetengiz bir maharete sahip.<\/p>\n \u201c\u0130K\u0130 KERE \u00d6LD\u00dcR\u00dcLMEK\u201d<\/p>\n 2014 y\u0131l\u0131nda yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z bir g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmede \u015eengalli bir \u00cazid\u00ee ya\u015fad\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 b\u00f6yle tan\u0131ml\u0131yordu. Y\u00fczy\u0131llard\u0131r \u015eengal Da\u011f\u0131\u2019na ve co\u011frafyas\u0131na yaslanarak varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015f, kadim bir inanc\u0131 b\u00fct\u00fcn engellemelere ra\u011fmen bug\u00fcnlere ta\u015f\u0131yan etno-dinsel bir topluluk soyu k\u0131r\u0131ls\u0131n, yok olsun diye her t\u00fcrl\u00fc canavarl\u0131\u011fa maruz kald\u0131. \u0130nsan \u00f6ld\u00fcrmeyi me\u015frula\u015ft\u0131rman\u0131n \u00f6tesinde varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 b\u00f6cekten daha de\u011fersiz k\u0131lan ideolojik manip\u00fclasyon (ister dinsel motivasyon deyin ister hala cari fetvalar olarak okuyun) sayesinde, mezbahaya d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fclen \u201c\u00cazid\u00ee Da\u011f\u0131\u2019nda\u201d halihaz\u0131rda 61 toplu mezar a\u00e7\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, onlarcas\u0131 da a\u00e7\u0131lmay\u0131 beklemekte.<\/p>\n \u015eengal Soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131, insan\u0131 \u201c\u00f6ld\u00fcrmekten beter eden\u201d \u00fcrk\u00fcn\u00e7 usulleriyle haf\u0131zalar\u0131m\u0131za i\u015fledi. \u0130nsan\u0131n k\u00f6lele\u015ftirilmesi hangi y\u00fczy\u0131lda kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131? Ya da ele ge\u00e7irilen kad\u0131nlara sen art\u0131k bizim cariyemizsin, istedi\u011fimiz her \u015feyi yapacaks\u0131n denilmesi? Veyahut zorla din de\u011fi\u015ftirmenin dayat\u0131lmas\u0131? Zorla M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131l\u0131p sava\u015fa s\u00fcr\u00fclen \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n annelerini, babalar\u0131n\u0131, akrabalar\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6ld\u00fcrmeye g\u00f6nderilmesi?<\/p>\n Neler ya\u015fanmad\u0131 ki? Bunlar\u0131 tek tek s\u0131ralamaya hacet var m\u0131? Sadece \u00cazid\u00ee kad\u0131nlar\u0131n hala ya\u015fad\u0131klar\u0131 travma bile s\u00f6z\u00fc anlams\u0131z k\u0131lmaya yeter. Ya da bas\u0131na yans\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi \u00cazid\u00ee \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n I\u015e\u0130D\u2019lilerin ka\u00e7\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00fclkelerde k\u00f6le olarak kullan\u0131lmaya devam ediyor olmas\u0131 insanl\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zdan utanmak i\u00e7in yeterli de\u011fil mi? Bu \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n \u015eengal\u2019den y\u00fczlerce, binlerce kilometre uzakta T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin ba\u015fkentinde k\u00f6le olarak ya\u015famaya zorlanmas\u0131 veya Katar\u2019\u0131n, Birle\u015fik Arap Emirlikleri\u2019nin, Suudi Arabistan\u2019\u0131n ve daha bir\u00e7ok \u00fclkenin bilinmeyen bir \u015fehrinde bu \u00e7ileyi ya\u015famaya devam ediyor olmas\u0131 nas\u0131l b\u00fcy\u00fck bir utan\u00e7!<\/p>\n Ve tabii b\u00fct\u00fcn bu haks\u0131zl\u0131klar\u0131, b\u00fct\u00fcn bu utanc\u0131 giderecek uluslararas\u0131, ulusal hukuki \u00e7abalar\u0131n olmamas\u0131! Sadece \u00cazid\u00eelerin ve s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 bir insan grubunun gayretleriyle kaderine terk edilen bu insanlar\u0131n kurtar\u0131lmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131. Ortado\u011fu\u2019da soyk\u0131r\u0131ma g\u00f6z yuman ya da dolayl\u0131 olarak destek veren devletlerin hi\u00e7birinin soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 resmen tan\u0131mam\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131n\u0131n bunda pay\u0131 nedir acaba?<\/p>\n Tevrat \u201c\u00d6nce s\u00f6z vard\u0131\u201d diye ba\u015flar. S\u00f6z\u00fcn kutsall\u0131\u011f\u0131 bu topraklar\u0131n gelene\u011findendir. Peki s\u00f6z\u00fcn anlams\u0131zla\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131, insan\u0131n de\u011fersizle\u015fti\u011fi bir noktada bu \u201ckutsal\u201d diye bilinenlerin etkisi yok mu? Buyurun \u0130srail\u2019in Gazze\u2019de devam eden soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131na bakal\u0131m. \u0130nsan yiyerek b\u00fcy\u00fcyen bir Leviathan\u2019dan ba\u015fka ne ki \u0130srail?<\/p>\n HALA CAR\u0130 OLAN \u0130\u00c7T\u0130HATLAR<\/p>\n \u015eengal Soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131\u2019n\u0131 yeniden d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcrken nedenlerine ni\u00e7inlerine daha \u00e7ok kafa yormak zorunlulu\u011fu var. Vah\u015fetin sorumlulu\u011funu sonradan ismini \u0130slam Devleti olarak de\u011fi\u015ftiren I\u015e\u0130D [1] (Irak \u015eam \u0130slam Devleti) canilerine y\u00fckleyip kurtulmak m\u00fcmk\u00fcn m\u00fc? Ya onlar\u0131n yeniden yeniden \u00fcremesini sa\u011flayan zeminin, i\u00e7tihad\u0131n varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 nereye yerle\u015ftirece\u011fiz? Bu zeminle, bu ak\u0131l(s\u0131zl\u0131kla) hesapla\u015fmadan \u201cbir daha asla\u201d ya\u015fanmaz diyebilir miyiz? 19. y\u00fczy\u0131lda ma\u011fduriyet \u00fczerinden geli\u015fen siyasal \u0130slam\u2019\u0131n y\u00fczy\u0131llar \u00f6ncesine refere ederek geli\u015ftirdi\u011fi i\u00e7tihatlar\u0131 (fetvalar\u0131) ulus devlet paradigmas\u0131yla meczederek nas\u0131l bir k\u0131y\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011fa sebep oldu\u011funu g\u00f6rmek gerekmiyor mu?<\/p>\n T\u00fcrkiye devleti \u201cn\u00fcfusumuzun y\u00fczde 99\u2019u M\u00fcsl\u00fcman\u201d derken bu k\u0131y\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 ikrar etmi\u015f olmuyor mu? Cumhuriyet ilan edildi\u011finde d\u00fcnyadaki \u00cazid\u00ee n\u00fcfusun yar\u0131ya yak\u0131n\u0131 T\u00fcrkiye devletinin siyasal h\u00e2kimiyetindeki topraklarda ya\u015farken bug\u00fcn resmi say\u0131lar\u0131n sadece birka\u00e7 y\u00fcz ki\u015fi ile s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 kalmas\u0131 ayn\u0131 akl\u0131n \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc de\u011fil mi? Irak devleti kurulu\u015fundan beri \u00cazid\u00eeleri tan\u0131mad\u0131, \u201csiz Araps\u0131n\u0131z\u201d dedi. \u0130nan\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirmek, \u0130slamla\u015ft\u0131rmak i\u00e7in her t\u00fcrl\u00fc bask\u0131y\u0131 yapt\u0131. \u015eengal\u2019de \u00cazid\u00eelere soyk\u0131r\u0131m uygulayan \u0130slam Devleti bu zeminden beslenmedi mi? \u015eengal\u2019daki M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n (istisnalar d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda) \u00e7o\u011funlukla k\u0131r\u0131ma i\u015ftirak etmesi ba\u015fka nas\u0131l izah edilebilir?<\/p>\n \u0130slam Devleti\u2019nin 2014 y\u0131l\u0131nda yapt\u0131klar\u0131yla Osmanl\u0131 d\u00f6neminde \u015eengal\u2019de yap\u0131lanlar aras\u0131ndaki s\u00fcreklili\u011fi g\u00f6rmek i\u00e7in Evliya \u00c7elebi\u2019nin yazd\u0131klar\u0131na bakmak yeterli. Melek Ahmet Pa\u015fa\u2019n\u0131n komutas\u0131nda \u201c\u0130slam ordular\u0131n\u0131n \u015eengal\u2019deki Yezidileri kebap etti\u011fini, y\u00fckl\u00fc miktarda ganimete el koydu\u011funu, kad\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131 ve \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n\u0131 esir edip k\u00f6lele\u015ftirdi\u011fini\u201d b\u00fcy\u00fck bir zevkle anlat\u0131r Evliya. Onlar\u0131 hep a\u015fa\u011f\u0131layan tabirler kullanarak insan olarak g\u00f6rmedi\u011fini g\u00f6sterir. \u00d6mer Vehbi Pa\u015fa\u2019n\u0131n 1892\u2019de II. Abd\u00fclhamit\u2019in talimat\u0131yla F\u0131rkay\u0131 Islahiye ordusuyla tashih-i itikad ad\u0131na yani zorla \u0130slamla\u015ft\u0131rmak i\u00e7in yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 katliamlar \u00cazid\u00eelerin haf\u0131zas\u0131nda Ferik Pa\u015fa Ferman\u0131 olarak \u00f6zel bir yere sahiptir. Tarih boyunca say\u0131s\u0131z k\u0131r\u0131ma (fermana) u\u011frayan bir topluluktan bahsediyoruz.<\/p>\n Bu topraklarda az\u0131nl\u0131kta kalm\u0131\u015f olanlara, farkl\u0131 inan\u00e7 ve k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fc ya\u015famay\u0131 devam ettirenlere tahamm\u00fcls\u00fczl\u00fck ve yok etme arzusu hala \u00e7ok g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc. Soylar\u0131 neredeyse yok d\u00fczeye indirilmi\u015f Ermeni, Rum, S\u00fcryani d\u00fc\u015fmanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n hala \u00e7ok reva\u00e7ta olmas\u0131n\u0131n izah\u0131 zor olsa gerek. 2016 y\u0131l\u0131nda ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131z darbe giri\u015fiminin oldu\u011fu g\u00fcnlerde Malatya\u2019da Alevi mahallelerine sald\u0131r\u0131lar ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti. Kalabal\u0131k halde biriken g\u00fcruhlar sanki darbenin sorumlusu gibi Alevilere sald\u0131rmaya ba\u015flad\u0131.<\/p>\n O g\u00fcnlerde yap\u0131lan bir r\u00f6portajda orta ya\u015fl\u0131 bir Alevi kad\u0131n\u0131 a\u011flayarak derdini anlat\u0131rken bunlar\u0131n ba\u015flar\u0131na \u201csahipsizlikten\u201d dolay\u0131 geldi\u011fini s\u00f6yl\u00fcyordu. Bu gruplar\u0131n hukuk \u015femsiyesinin korumas\u0131 alt\u0131nda olmamas\u0131, e\u015fit vatanda\u015f olarak g\u00f6r\u00fclmemesi, devletlerin azaltma, zay\u0131flatma, d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrme stratejilerinin alttan alta devam etmesi bu arzular\u0131, nefreti, sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131 besleyen zemin de\u011fil mi?<\/p>\n Osmanl\u0131 bakiyesi bu topraklarda bitmeyen bir ayr\u0131mc\u0131l\u0131k, d\u0131\u015flama, \u0131rk\u00e7\u0131l\u0131k ve dahi \u201cApartheid\u201d rejim(ler)i h\u00fck\u00fcm s\u00fcrmeye devam etti. Osmanl\u0131n\u0131n resmi s\u00f6ylemiyle toplum ikiye ayr\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Millet-i Hakime olan M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar ve Millet-i Mahkume olarak kodlanan gayri-m\u00fcslimler. Y\u00fczy\u0131llarca bu ilke \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde \u015fekillenen topluluklar\u0131n davran\u0131\u015f kal\u0131plar\u0131nda de\u011fi\u015fiklik o kadar kolay olmayacakt\u0131.<\/p>\n Kald\u0131 ki 19. y\u00fczy\u0131lda gayri-m\u00fcslimler lehine yap\u0131lan b\u00fct\u00fcn d\u00fczenlemeler M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n tepkisini \u00e7ekmi\u015f ve ayr\u0131cal\u0131klar\u0131ndan vazge\u00e7mek istemediklerini kimi zaman eylem kimi zaman protesto telgraflar\u0131yla merkeze bildirmekten geri durmam\u0131\u015flard\u0131. Hi\u00e7bir zaman gayri-m\u00fcslimlerle e\u015fit olmay\u0131 i\u00e7ine sindiremeyen b\u00fcy\u00fck bir \u201c\u00e7o\u011funluk\u201d vard\u0131.<\/p>\n 1912 ile 1922 aras\u0131nda vuku bulan k\u0131r\u0131mlara toplumsal kat\u0131l\u0131m\u0131n hayli y\u00fcksek olmas\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015fka izah\u0131 yoktur. \u00cazid\u00eeler, K\u0131z\u0131lba\u015flar, Bekta\u015filer, Kakailer, Durziler gibi gruplar\u0131 ise H\u0131ristiyan ve Yahudiler gibi zimmi stat\u00fcs\u00fcnde kabul edilmedikleri i\u00e7in sapk\u0131n ve katli vacip olarak kodlanm\u0131\u015flard\u0131. Osmanl\u0131 sonras\u0131 kurulan \u201cmodern\u201d ulus-devletlerin bu refleksi de devam etti. Ortado\u011fu\u2019da hukukun \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn hayat buldu\u011fu, e\u015fitlik, \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck, hak ve adaletin cari oldu\u011fu bir rejim maalesef ki kurulamad\u0131.<\/p>\n Tarih yapraklar\u0131 3 A\u011fustos 2014\u2019\u00fc g\u00f6sterdi\u011finde \u015eengal\u2019de \u00cazid\u00eeler verilen b\u00fct\u00fcn s\u00f6zlerin kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, \u201csahipsiz\u201d kald\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6rd\u00fcler. Ba\u011fl\u0131 olduklar\u0131 devlet, o devletin i\u00e7indeki \u00f6zerk yap\u0131, kom\u015fu \u00fclkeler ve dahi d\u00fcnyan\u0131n s\u00fcper g\u00fc\u00e7leri \u0130slam Devleti\u2019nin hunhar sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda onlar\u0131 kendi ba\u015f\u0131na b\u0131rakt\u0131. Sanki elbirli\u011fi, s\u00f6z birli\u011fi etmi\u015f gibi bir anda sahadan \u00e7ekilmeleri modern zamanlar\u0131n canavarlar\u0131na, cellatlar\u0131na buyur gir demekten ba\u015fka bir \u015fey de\u011fildi.<\/p>\n B\u00fct\u00fcn bu g\u00fc\u00e7lerin geri durmalar\u0131n\u0131n elbette bir nedeni olmal\u0131yd\u0131. \u015eengal\u2019in stratejik konumu, buras\u0131 \u00fczerinden yap\u0131lan gelecek projeksiyonlar\u0131 (Irak-Suriye-T\u00fcrkiye s\u0131n\u0131r \u00fc\u00e7genine h\u00e2kim olma; kalk\u0131nma yolu projeleri; petrol kaynaklar\u0131na sahip olma vb.) buradaki \u00cazid\u00ee varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bir sorun olarak g\u00f6rmekte ortak m\u00fc\u015fterekleri oluyordu. \u015eairin dedi\u011fi gibi \u201cs\u00f6ylemeye dilim varm\u0131yor ama\u201d sonucun bu minvalde olmas\u0131ndan ba\u015fka se\u00e7enek b\u0131rak\u0131lmad\u0131. \u00cazid\u00eeler en zor ko\u015fullardaki direni\u015fleriyle fiziki varl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 korumaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Kendilerine kol-kanat gerenleri ise ba\u011f\u0131rlar\u0131na bast\u0131, kutsallar\u0131 i\u00e7erisindeki 12 melekle \u00f6zde\u015fle\u015ftirdi.<\/p>\n \u0130NSANLIK BORCU<\/p>\n \u015eengal\u2019de halihaz\u0131rda \u00cazid\u00eeler lehine, onlar\u0131n \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nceleyen, geri d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015flerine imkan sa\u011flayacak d\u00fczenlemelerin yap\u0131lm\u0131yor olmas\u0131 ayn\u0131 projeksiyonlar\u0131n devam etti\u011fini g\u00f6stermekte. 1920\u2019de \u015eengal, \u0130ngiltere ve Fransa aras\u0131nda ikiye b\u00f6l\u00fcnerek y\u00f6netildi\u011finde, \u00cazid\u00eeler, a\u015firet birliklerinin resmen tan\u0131narak kendilerini koruma alt\u0131na almak istemi\u015flerdi. Bunu kabul etmeyen B\u00fcy\u00fck G\u00fc\u00e7lere kar\u015f\u0131 da sava\u015fm\u0131\u015flard\u0131.<\/p>\n \u015eengal Da\u011f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n bat\u0131l\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar nezdinde ismi \u00cazid\u00ee Da\u011f\u0131\u2019d\u0131r. \u00cazid\u00eelerin buraya \u00cazidxan (yada \u00cazdixan) demesi bo\u015funa de\u011fildir. Bu yak\u0131n ve ge\u00e7mi\u015f tarih deneyimi bize \u015eengal\u2019in ger\u00e7ek sahibi olan \u00cazid\u00eelerin kendi \u00f6zy\u00f6netimlerini ve \u00f6z savunmalar\u0131n\u0131 kurmalar\u0131n\u0131n zorunlu oldu\u011funu anlatmakta. Birle\u015fmi\u015f Milletler gibi uluslararas\u0131 kurulu\u015flar\u0131n g\u00f6zetim ve denetiminde, ulusal ve uluslararas\u0131 hukukun sa\u011flayaca\u011f\u0131 g\u00fcvencelerle \u00f6zerk bir \u015eengal y\u00f6netiminin olu\u015fturulmas\u0131 soyk\u0131r\u0131ma verilecek en do\u011fru cevap olup bu kadim toplulu\u011fa kar\u015f\u0131 insanl\u0131k borcudur.<\/p>\n