{"id":79522,"date":"2024-05-20T01:57:25","date_gmt":"2024-05-20T06:57:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=79522"},"modified":"2024-05-20T01:58:37","modified_gmt":"2024-05-20T06:58:37","slug":"govdun-ve-hagt-uzerine-bellek-yazimindan-sayfalar","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=79522","title":{"rendered":"Govdun ve Ha\u011ft \u00fczerine bellek yaz\u0131m\u0131ndan sayfalar"},"content":{"rendered":"
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\"GovdunBir<\/span><\/div>\n<\/header>\n
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Hovsep Hayreni<\/a><\/span><\/strong><\/div>\n
Sivas Hafik\u2019teki \u201cSat\u0131l\u0131k Kilise\u201d haberinden yola \u00e7\u0131kan yazar Hovsep Hayreni, yaz\u0131 dizisinin bu hafta yay\u0131nlad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z ikinci b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnde Sivas ve Hafik Ermenilerinin uzak tarihine odaklan\u0131yor. \u00d6n\u00fcm\u00fczdeki hafta yay\u0131nlayaca\u011f\u0131m\u0131z son b\u00f6l\u00fcmle art\u0131k 1915\u2019e yakla\u015faca\u011f\u0131z.<\/span><\/strong><\/em><\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n
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\u00d6nceki hafta Agos\u2019ta yay\u0131nlanan\u00a0 “Sahibinden Sat\u0131l\u0131k Kilise” haberinin muammal\u0131 y\u00f6nlerini ve bu sat\u0131\u015flar\u0131n anlam\u0131n\u0131\u00a0irdeledikten\u00a0<\/a>sonra, bu haberin sundu\u011fu imkan\u0131 de\u011ferlendirip akt\u00fcel olandan tarihsele gitmeyi ve g\u00fcndeme gelen iki Ermeni k\u00f6y\u00fcyle ilgili somut bir haf\u0131za aktar\u0131m\u0131 yapmay\u0131 vaadetmi\u015ftim.<\/p>\n

S\u00f6z konusu iki k\u00f6y\u00fcn de i\u00e7inde yer ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 Sivas’\u0131n Hafik (Ko\u00e7hisar ya da Ermenice Bo\u011fosi) kazas\u0131n\u0131n 30 kadar yerle\u015fim biriminde 1915’den \u00f6nce Osmanl\u0131 resmi kay\u0131tlar\u0131na g\u00f6re 11.376, Ermeni Patrikhanesi’ne g\u00f6re 13.055, Ermenice yerel tarih kitaplar\u0131na g\u00f6reyse 18-20 bin civar\u0131nda Ermeni ya\u015f\u0131yordu. Kaza merkezi k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir kasaba olup, onun da \u00fc\u00e7te ikisi (3.237 ki\u015filik n\u00fcfusunun 2.037’si) Ermeniydi. Ama burada konu edece\u011fim iki k\u00f6y (Govdun ve Ha\u011ft) safi Ermeni olan n\u00fcfuslar\u0131yla kaza merkezine yak\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fckte yerle\u015fimlerdi.<\/p>\n

19’ncu y\u00fczy\u0131l son \u00e7eyre\u011finde b\u00f6lge Ermenilerinin ulusal uyan\u0131\u015f oda\u011f\u0131 olan ve bu nedenle devletin \u00f6zel hedefinde olan her iki k\u00f6y hakk\u0131nda soyk\u0131r\u0131mdan y\u0131llar sonra birer \u00f6zel kitap \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\"Zaven<\/div>\n
Zaven Hampartsumyan’\u0131n 1921’de Paris’te yay\u0131nlanan kitab\u0131<\/span><\/em><\/div>\n

Sivas Ermenilerine odaklanan yay\u0131nlar<\/strong><\/p>\n

1927 y\u0131l\u0131nda Paris’de yay\u0131nlanan Vahan Hampartsumyan’\u0131n “K\u00fc\u011fa\u015fxarh\/ Badmagan-Azkakragan Usumnasirutyun” (K\u00f6y D\u00fcnyas\u0131\/ Tarihsel-Etnografik \u0130nceleme ) isimli kitab\u0131 Sivas’a ve Hafik Kazas\u0131’na dair k\u0131sa bilgiler de vermekle birlikte Govdun k\u00f6y\u00fcne odaklanm\u0131\u015f bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmad\u0131r. Soyk\u0131r\u0131mdan sa\u011f kurtulan ve sonraki ony\u0131llarda kendi y\u00f6relerine dair bellek yaz\u0131m\u0131na koyulan Ermenilerin haz\u0131rlay\u0131p yay\u0131nlad\u0131klar\u0131 kitaplar\u0131n en erken \u00f6rneklerinden biridir.<\/p>\n

1959 y\u0131l\u0131nda Boston’da yay\u0131nlanan D\u0131rtad D\u0131rtadyan’\u0131n \u201cHa\u011ft\u0131 yev Ha\u011ftetsiner\u0131” (Ha\u011ft ve Ha\u011ftl\u0131lar) isimli kitab\u0131 da kendi \u00e7evresiyle birlikte Ha\u011ft (Tuzasar, Tuzhisar) k\u00f6y\u00fcn\u00fc konu etmektedir. Her iki kitap bu k\u00f6ylerden 1915 \u00f6ncesi Amerika’ya gitmi\u015f olan gurbet\u00e7ilerin kurduklar\u0131 dayan\u0131\u015fma dernekleri taraf\u0131ndan yay\u0131nlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Bunlardan ba\u015fka, Sivas geneline adanm\u0131\u015f olan Ermenice kitaplarda b\u00f6lgenin kazalar\u0131na ve \u00f6nemli k\u00f6ylerine dair bilgiler vard\u0131r, ki Govdun ile Ha\u011ft’\u0131n ge\u00e7mi\u015fine onlar da tan\u0131kl\u0131k ediyor. Onlardan biri soyk\u0131r\u0131m \u00f6ncesi, 1911’de Venedik’te yay\u0131nlanm\u0131\u015f olan Rahip Andreas A\u011feksandryan’\u0131n “Badmutyun Sepasdiyo” (Sivas Tarihi) isimli incelemesidir.<\/p>\n

Daha sonra yok olu\u015fa tan\u0131kl\u0131k eden kitaplar\u0131n en \u00f6nemlilerinden biri, Sivas’tan Rakka’ya soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131n pek \u00e7ok ve\u00e7hesini bizzat ya\u015fam\u0131\u015f Sivasl\u0131 \u00f6\u011fretmen Garabed Kapigyan taraf\u0131ndan hemen m\u00fctareke y\u0131llar\u0131nda kaleme al\u0131nmaya ba\u015flanan ve 1924’te Boston’da yay\u0131nlanan “Ye\u011fernabadum Pokun Hayots yev\u00a0 Norin Medzi Mayraka\u011faki Sepasdiyo” (K\u0131r\u0131mname K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck Ermenistan’a ve Onun B\u00fcy\u00fck Ba\u015fkenti Sivas’a dair) isimli eserdir.<\/p>\n

Bir ba\u015fka kapsaml\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma Arakel Patrik taraf\u0131ndan “Badmakirk Hu\u015famadyan Sepasdiyo yev Kavari Hayutyan” (Sivas ve Kazalar\u0131 Ermenili\u011finin Tarih ve Haf\u0131za Kitab\u0131) ad\u0131yla 1974 ile 1983 y\u0131llar\u0131nda iki cilt olarak Beyrut ve New Jersey’de yay\u0131nlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Sivas’\u0131 bug\u00fcnk\u00fc il s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131yla dikkate al\u0131rsak onun \u00f6zel olarak G\u00fcr\u00fcn ve Divri\u011fi kazalar\u0131na; eski vilayet s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131yla d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcrsek Amasya, Marz\u0131van (Merzifon), Sim-Hac\u0131ke\u011f (G\u00fcm\u00fc\u015fhac\u0131k\u00f6y), Yevtokia (Tokat), \u015eebin-Karahisar, Darende gibi ba\u015fka pek \u00e7ok y\u00f6resine dair benzeri kitaplar yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Arzu edenler b\u00fct\u00fcn Osmanl\u0131 vilayetlerindeki Ermeni n\u00fcfuslu y\u00f6relerin haf\u0131za kitaplar\u0131 listesini de Houshamadyan isimli\u00a0 internet sitesinde bulabilirler.<\/p>\n

Bu site b\u00fct\u00fcn y\u00f6relerin yaz\u0131l\u0131 kaynaklar\u0131ndan tematik derlemeler yaparak Ermenice, T\u00fcrk\u00e7e ve \u0130ngilizce makaleler sunuyor ve Ermeni halk\u0131n\u0131n anayurdunda yok edilen ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131 nostaljik anlamda yeniden in\u015fa ediyor. Sitenin son duyurular\u0131 i\u00e7inde Govdun’la ilgili olarak “Hu\u015famadyan bu k\u00f6yde Ermeni ya\u015fant\u0131s\u0131na, tarihine, miras\u0131na sayfalar\u0131nda geni\u015f bir yer ay\u0131racak” deniyor. Bu nedenle burada k\u0131sa \u00f6n bilgilerle yetinece\u011fim.<\/p>\n

Antik devirlere dayanan bir tarih\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

Sivas b\u00f6lgesinde Ermenilerin ge\u00e7mi\u015fi antik devirlere dayan\u0131r. Tarihsel s\u00fcre\u00e7ler en geni\u015f \u015fekilde Arakel Patrik’in birinci cildinde incelenmi\u015ftir. Milattan \u00f6nceki ikinci biny\u0131l olu\u015fumlar\u0131 i\u00e7inde Yukar\u0131 F\u0131rat, Kelkit ve Yukar\u0131 Alis (K\u0131z\u0131l\u0131rmak) \u00e7evresini i\u00e7eren Hayasa-Azzi uygarl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile Tohma suyu \u00e7evresini kapsayan Tekarama b\u00f6lgesi, Ermeni dilinin erken \u015fekillendi\u011fi alanlar olarak de\u011ferlendiriliyor. M\u00d6 birinci biny\u0131l\u0131n ba\u015flar\u0131nda bat\u0131dan gelen Trako-Frig k\u00f6kenli Armenler bu \u00e7evrelerde ve daha do\u011fuda yerli Haylar ve ba\u015fka kavimlerle kayna\u015farak Ermeni kimli\u011finin \u015fekillenmesine \u00f6nemli bir katk\u0131 yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u015e\u00fcphesiz ba\u015fka modern kimlikler gibi Ermenili\u011fin olu\u015fumu da farkl\u0131 hipotezlerle tart\u0131\u015f\u0131lmaya devam eden bir konudur. Ama Urartu devletinin sona ermesiyle birlikte ayn\u0131 da\u011fl\u0131k alanda ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan, Ermenice Hayk, ba\u015fka dillerde Armina\/Armenia diye an\u0131lan \u00fclke bu \u00f6n \u015fekillenmelerin sonucudur. Yukar\u0131 F\u0131rat’\u0131n do\u011fusu ta Kafkasya’daki Kura nehrine kadar milattan \u00f6nceki y\u00fczy\u0131llarda Medz Hayk (B\u00fcy\u00fck Ermenistan) olarak tan\u0131mlan\u0131rken, onun kuzey-bat\u0131s\u0131na da Pokr Hayk (K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck Ermenistan) denmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

Bizans d\u00f6nemi\u00a0<\/strong>
\nZamanla Pokr Hayk’\u0131n Sivas’a yak\u0131n bat\u0131 b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc Roma imparatorlu\u011funa entegre olur ve Bizans d\u00f6neminde Armenofon n\u00fcfusun bir k\u0131sm\u0131 Helenle\u015fir. Ama Arap istilas\u0131 s\u00fcrecinde bu \u00e7evrelerin savunmas\u0131n\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7lendirmek isteyen Bizans devleti Ermeni komutanlar e\u015fli\u011finde \u00f6nemli bir Ermeni n\u00fcfusu da transfer eder. Hristiyanl\u0131k i\u00e7inden muhalif bir ak\u0131m olarak do\u011fan Pavlikyan hareketi bu \u00e7evrede etkili olur, Divri\u011fi’de \u00fcslenen Pavlikyanlar Bizans sald\u0131r\u0131s\u0131yla k\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r ve s\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcr. T\u00fcrk ak\u0131nlar\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda Vaspurakan (Van) b\u00f6lgesinin Ermeni kral\u0131 Senekerim Ardzruni \u00f6nemli bir n\u00fcfusla beraber F\u0131rat’\u0131n bat\u0131s\u0131na ge\u00e7ince Sivas’a kadar olan \u00e7evrede Ermenilik yo\u011funla\u015f\u0131r. Baz\u0131 kentler bu s\u00fcre\u00e7te in\u015fa edilir. Ard\u0131ndan T\u00fcrk ak\u0131nlar\u0131yla siyasi harita de\u011fi\u015fir, b\u00f6lge \u00f6nce Dani\u015fment, sonra Sel\u00e7uklu hakimiyetine girer. Sonra Mo\u011fol ak\u0131nlar\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fck y\u0131k\u0131m ve kay\u0131plara yol a\u00e7ar. Celali hareketleri s\u00fcrecinde yeni tahribatlar olur ve Ermenileri g\u00f6\u00e7e y\u00f6neltir. Bunun yan\u0131nda Osmanl\u0131 devletinin g\u00f6\u00e7ebe M\u00fcsl\u00fcman a\u015firetleri yerle\u015ftirmesiyle b\u00f6lgede Ermeni n\u00fcfus seyrekle\u015fir. 19. Y\u00fczy\u0131lda yine de \u00f6nemli bir yo\u011funluk g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcrken 1895-96 Abd\u00fclhamit k\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131yla Sivas vilayetinde Ermenilerin oran\u0131 %25’e kadar geriler.<\/p>\n

Bu genel \u00e7er\u00e7eve i\u00e7inde \u00f6zel konumuz olan Govdun ve Ha\u011ft k\u00f6ylerinin ge\u00e7mi\u015fi pek a\u00e7\u0131k de\u011fildir. Yaz\u0131l\u0131 eser verenler esasen kendi g\u00fcnlerine tan\u0131kl\u0131k ediyorlar. Yaln\u0131z bu k\u00f6ylerin eskiden o kadar b\u00fcy\u00fck olmad\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 belirtiyor ve \u00e7evrede M\u00fcsl\u00fcman mezarlar\u0131 da oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in son d\u00f6nem ya\u015fayan Ermenilerin hi\u00e7 de\u011filse bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131n d\u0131\u015fardan geldiklerini tahmin ediyorlar.<\/p>\n

\"Govdun-<\/div>\n
Govdun- Kes\u0327is\u0327 Der Taniel ve ailesi<\/span><\/em><\/div>\n
Govdun ve Ha\u011ft<\/strong>
\nGovdun Ermenicede inek dam\u0131 gibi bir anlam ta\u015f\u0131r. T\u00fcrklerin dilindeki G\u00f6yd\u00fcn muhtemelen bunun bozulmu\u015f \u015feklidir, fakat bir de G\u00f6ydin (mavi din) diye Hristiyanl\u0131\u011fa at\u0131fta bulunuldu\u011fu tasavvur ediliyor. Ha\u011ft Ermenicede yenme fiilinin k\u00f6k\u00fc olarak, galip diye yorumlan\u0131r. Bunu A\u011fdk \u015feklinde telaffuz eden ve y\u00f6redeki tuz madeniyle ili\u015fkilendirenler de vard\u0131r. Ama o madenin ke\u015ffi ve i\u015fletilmesi 19’ncu y\u00fczy\u0131lda oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in, bu isim gibi T\u00fcrk\u00e7e Tuzhisar ismi de sonradan benzetme olabilir. T\u00fcrklerin kendi dilleriyle adland\u0131r\u0131rken D\u00fczhisar dedikleri, sonra bunun de\u011fi\u015fime u\u011frad\u0131\u011f\u0131 san\u0131l\u0131yor.1914 y\u0131l\u0131 Patrikhane verileriyle Ha\u011ft’da 285 hanede 2.077,\u00a0 Govdun’da 250 hanede 1.901 Ermeni ya\u015f\u0131yordu. Yerel tarih yaz\u0131m\u0131nda her birinin hane say\u0131lar\u0131 300’den fazla, n\u00fcfuslar\u0131 da 2500 ile 3500 aras\u0131nda g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n

Govdun k\u00f6y\u00fc Alis nehrinin yukar\u0131 vadisinin orta yerinde bir da\u011f d\u00fczl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc \u00fczerine kuruludur. K\u00f6y\u00fcn bir \u00e7eyrek saat \u00f6tesinden do\u011fan g\u00f6zenin suyu tuzludur ve Alis’e d\u00f6k\u00fcl\u00fcr. O g\u00f6zenin ba\u015f\u0131nda Surp Garabed ziyareti ve \u00e7evrede ha\u00e7 i\u015flemeli ta\u015flar bulunur. Ba\u015fl\u0131ca bitkisi Momik ve tuzlu otdur.<\/p>\n

Ha\u011ft k\u00f6y\u00fc kazan\u0131n g\u00fcney taraf\u0131ndaki k\u00f6yleri kaza merkezine ba\u011flayan i\u015flek yolun \u00fczerinde bir vadi i\u00e7indeydi. Ha\u011ft’\u0131n alt\u0131 mahallesi vard\u0131, iki de ke\u015fi\u015fi. Ke\u015fi\u015fler k\u00f6y\u00fcn y\u00f6netim i\u015flerine dahildiler. Her mahallenin se\u00e7ilmi\u015f iki azas\u0131, bir delegesi vard\u0131. Se\u00e7ilmi\u015fler ve ke\u015fi\u015fler bir araya gelip k\u00f6y\u00fcn iki reislerini se\u00e7erlerdi. Reisler k\u00f6y halk\u0131na ve h\u00fck\u00fcmete kar\u015f\u0131 sorumluydular. Onlar da kizir denilen yard\u0131mc\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 se\u00e7erdi.<\/p>\n

Hayranl\u0131k uyand\u0131ran Surp Garabed<\/strong>
\nHa\u011ft’\u0131n kilisesi Surp Garabed, k\u00f6y\u00fcn tam ortas\u0131nda daha \u00f6nce ayn\u0131 isimli ziyaretin bulundu\u011fu yerde 19’ncu y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131nda in\u015fa edilmi\u015fti. \u0130stanbul’da bulunan Ha\u011ftl\u0131 gurbet\u00e7ilerin, \u00f6zellikle 700 lira ba\u011f\u0131\u015f yapan Artin Tarpinyan’\u0131n deste\u011fiyle Ermeni ve Rum ustalar taraf\u0131ndan yedi y\u0131lda in\u015fa edilen kilise, kesme ta\u015flar\u0131 ve mimarisiyle hayranl\u0131k uyand\u0131r\u0131yor ve Sivas \u015fehrindeki ana kiliseden sonra b\u00f6lgenin en b\u00fcy\u00fck kilisesi say\u0131l\u0131yordu.<\/p>\n

\u015eimdi sat\u0131\u015fa \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmas\u0131 nedeniyle bu yaz\u0131ya vesile olan Govdun’daki Surp Asdvadzadzin Kilisesi hakk\u0131nda yaz\u0131l\u0131 bilgi ve tasvirler yok gibi. O daha k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck olsa da stil olarak Ha\u011ft’dakiyle benzerli\u011fi ayn\u0131 d\u00f6nem in\u015fa edildi\u011fini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fcr\u00fcyor. 1909’da Govdun’un de\u011firmeni yap\u0131l\u0131rken ha\u00e7 i\u015flemeli eski ta\u015flar ke\u015ffedilmi\u015f ve kilisenin i\u00e7ine yerle\u015ftirilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

Govdun’un ve genel olarak Hafik’in b\u00fct\u00fcn Ermeni k\u00f6ylerinin evleri uygarl\u0131k bak\u0131m\u0131ndan belli bir d\u00fczeye sahipti. Mimar\u0131 k\u00f6yl\u00fcn\u00fcn kendisiydi. Birbirine biti\u015fik i\u00e7 b\u00f6l\u00fcmleri Marak (samanl\u0131k, tah\u0131l ambar\u0131), Parax (hayvan a\u011f\u0131l\u0131, mand\u0131ra) ve Dun (ev) diye an\u0131l\u0131rd\u0131. A\u011f\u0131l ile ev aras\u0131ndaki sekide ocak olur, ate\u015f yak\u0131l\u0131r ve uzun k\u0131\u015f geceleri orda toplan\u0131l\u0131rd\u0131. \u00c7o\u011fu evlerde Tonradun (tand\u0131r b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc) de vard\u0131. K\u00f6y\u00fcn sokaklar\u0131 d\u00fczensiz ve \u00e7amurlu, evlerin damlar\u0131 daha temizdi. Toprak damlar lo\u011f ta\u015f\u0131yla d\u00fczlenirdi. Damlar\u0131 birbiriyle ili\u015fkilendiren Sele\u011fen isimli bir k\u00f6pr\u00fcc\u00fck olur, bu ayr\u0131ca y\u00fckl\u00fc arabadan pencere i\u00e7lerine tah\u0131l, saman ve saire doldurmaya hizmet ederdi.<\/p>\n

Her iki k\u00f6y ve genel olarak Hafik kazas\u0131ndaki Ermeni k\u00f6ylerinin temel u\u011fra\u015f\u0131s\u0131 tar\u0131md\u0131 ancak, \u00e7e\u015fitli zanaat i\u015fleri ve k\u0131smen hayvanc\u0131l\u0131k da yap\u0131l\u0131rd\u0131. Fakat mera yerlerinin azl\u0131\u011f\u0131 nedeniyle b\u00fcy\u00fck s\u00fcr\u00fcler besleyemezlerdi. Ermeni k\u00f6yl\u00fcs\u00fc yaln\u0131z tarla i\u015flerinde de\u011fil, ba\u011f-bah\u00e7e ziraat\u0131 ve ar\u0131c\u0131l\u0131kta da h\u00fcnerliydi. Aktar\u0131lanlara g\u00f6re \u00e7evre T\u00fcrk k\u00f6yleri onlar\u0131 k\u0131skan\u00e7l\u0131kla izlerdi. Govdun halk\u0131n\u0131n toplu geliri y\u0131ll\u0131k ortalama 1400-2000 lirayd\u0131. En zengin aile 50-100 lira aras\u0131 kazan\u0131rd\u0131. 30 aile m\u00fcreffeh, 70 aile orta halli, 100 aile zor ge\u00e7inen, 70 aile de fakir durumdayd\u0131. \u015eehirdeki tefecilere bor\u00e7lananlar \u00e7ok olur, k\u00f6y halk\u0131n\u0131n y\u0131ll\u0131k ortalama borcu 800 liray\u0131 bulurdu.<\/p>\n

\u00d6nceleri k\u00f6y\u00fcn d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda bir T\u00fcrk pa\u015fan\u0131n de\u011firmeninde para \u00f6deyerek un \u00f6\u011f\u00fcten Ha\u011ftl\u0131lar, 1908’den sonra imece usul\u00fc bir de\u011firmen in\u015fa ettiler. \u0130ki y\u0131l sonra ikincisini de yapt\u0131lar. Her iki de\u011firmenin gelirini ise okulun masraflar\u0131na tahsis ettiler.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\"Hag\u0306t<\/div>\n
Hag\u0306t ko\u0308yu\u0308nden bir aile<\/span><\/em><\/div>\n

Ha\u011ft’ta \u00f6nce\u00a0 ah\u015fap bir okul vard\u0131. 1895’de \u0130stanbul’daki gurbet\u00e7ilerinden ald\u0131klar\u0131 yard\u0131mla ta\u015f yap\u0131l\u0131 bir okul in\u015fas\u0131na giri\u015ftiler. Fakat birinci kat\u0131n yap\u0131m\u0131ndan sonra in\u015faat\u0131n devam\u0131 h\u00fck\u00fcmet\u00e7e yasakland\u0131. Yasa\u011f\u0131n gerek\u00e7esi b\u00f6yle muhkem bir binan\u0131n h\u00fck\u00fcmete kar\u015f\u0131 kale gibi kullan\u0131labilece\u011fi \u015feklindeydi. \u0130kinci kat\u0131n yap\u0131m\u0131 ancak 1912 y\u0131l\u0131nda m\u00fcmk\u00fcn oldu. 1913-14 e\u011fitim y\u0131l\u0131nda binan\u0131n bir kat\u0131 erkek, bir kat\u0131 k\u0131z \u00f6\u011frencilere tahsis edilmi\u015fti. Ama heyhat, 1915 \u00e7abucak \u00fcst\u00fcne geldi, \u00fcmitleri ve hayalleri silip g\u00f6t\u00fcrd\u00fc.<\/p>\n

Ha\u011ft k\u00f6y\u00fcn\u00fcn bat\u0131s\u0131na d\u00fc\u015fen da\u011f\u0131n yamac\u0131nda Surp Hre\u015fdagabed Manast\u0131r\u0131 vard\u0131. Buras\u0131 \u00f6zellikle Vartavar bayram\u0131nda ziyaret\u00e7i ak\u0131n\u0131na u\u011frard\u0131. Yaln\u0131z Ha\u011ft’tan de\u011fil, b\u00fct\u00fcn \u00e7evre k\u00f6ylerden kalabal\u0131klar patika yollardan toz bulutlar\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kartarak tepedeki vanka t\u0131rman\u0131rlard\u0131. Orada dinsel ayin yan\u0131nda \u015fenlikler yapar, g\u00fcre\u015f m\u00fcsabakas\u0131 d\u00fczenler, ayr\u0131ca son d\u00f6nem ulusal m\u00fccadele ruhunu y\u00fckselten s\u00f6ylevler ve \u015fark\u0131larla co\u015farlard\u0131.<\/p>\n

Govdun’a kom\u015fu Xandzar ad\u0131nda Ermeni k\u00f6y\u00fc vard\u0131. Yukardaki yayla yerini iki k\u00f6y halk\u0131 payla\u015f\u0131rd\u0131. Xandzar ge\u00e7mi\u015fte Taniel \u00c7avu\u015f isimli fedainin, 1915’te da devrimci lider Murad’\u0131n s\u0131\u011f\u0131na\u011f\u0131 olmu\u015ftu. Devlet g\u00fc\u00e7leri b\u00fcy\u00fckten k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fc\u011fe eziyet eder, fakat Xandzar halk\u0131ndan s\u0131r \u00e7\u0131kmazd\u0131. Ama i\u015flenen topraklar\u0131n azl\u0131\u011f\u0131 nedeniyle iki k\u00f6y halk\u0131 aras\u0131nda \u00e7eki\u015fme de vard\u0131.\u00a0 Bu durum 1909 sonbahar\u0131nda silahl\u0131 bir \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmaya yol a\u00e7m\u0131\u015f, Sivas’tan gelen rahip Torkom ile Murad taraflar\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fckle yat\u0131\u015ft\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n

(Haftaya: 1915\u2019a do\u011fru Govdun ve Ha\u011ft)<\/em><\/p>\n

https:\/\/www.agos.com.tr\/tr\/yazi\/30319\/govdun-ve-hagt-uzerine-bellek-yazimindan-sayfalar\u00a0<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Bir Hovsep Hayreni Sivas Hafik\u2019teki \u201cSat\u0131l\u0131k Kilise\u201d haberinden yola \u00e7\u0131kan yazar Hovsep Hayreni, yaz\u0131 dizisinin bu hafta yay\u0131nlad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z ikinci b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnde Sivas ve Hafik Ermenilerinin uzak tarihine odaklan\u0131yor. \u00d6n\u00fcm\u00fczdeki hafta yay\u0131nlayaca\u011f\u0131m\u0131z son b\u00f6l\u00fcmle art\u0131k 1915\u2019e yakla\u015faca\u011f\u0131z. \u00d6nceki hafta Agos\u2019ta yay\u0131nlanan\u00a0 “Sahibinden Sat\u0131l\u0131k Kilise” haberinin muammal\u0131 y\u00f6nlerini ve bu sat\u0131\u015flar\u0131n anlam\u0131n\u0131\u00a0irdeledikten\u00a0sonra, bu haberin sundu\u011fu imkan\u0131 de\u011ferlendirip akt\u00fcel […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":79523,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1,70,20],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-79522","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-haberler","category-makaleler","category-tarih-sayfalari"],"yoast_head":"\nGovdun ve Ha\u011ft \u00fczerine bellek yaz\u0131m\u0131ndan sayfalar - Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=79522\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Govdun ve Ha\u011ft \u00fczerine bellek yaz\u0131m\u0131ndan sayfalar - Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Bir Hovsep Hayreni Sivas Hafik\u2019teki \u201cSat\u0131l\u0131k Kilise\u201d haberinden yola \u00e7\u0131kan yazar Hovsep Hayreni, yaz\u0131 dizisinin bu hafta yay\u0131nlad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z ikinci b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnde Sivas ve Hafik Ermenilerinin uzak tarihine odaklan\u0131yor. \u00d6n\u00fcm\u00fczdeki hafta yay\u0131nlayaca\u011f\u0131m\u0131z son b\u00f6l\u00fcmle art\u0131k 1915\u2019e yakla\u015faca\u011f\u0131z. \u00d6nceki hafta Agos\u2019ta yay\u0131nlanan\u00a0 “Sahibinden Sat\u0131l\u0131k Kilise” haberinin muammal\u0131 y\u00f6nlerini ve bu sat\u0131\u015flar\u0131n anlam\u0131n\u0131\u00a0irdeledikten\u00a0sonra, bu haberin sundu\u011fu imkan\u0131 de\u011ferlendirip akt\u00fcel […]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=79522\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2024-05-20T06:57:25+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2024-05-20T06:58:37+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/6\/2024\/05\/Sivas.jpeg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"920\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"666\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"admin\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"admin\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"9 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/akunq.net\\\/tr\\\/?p=79522#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/akunq.net\\\/tr\\\/?p=79522\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"admin\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/akunq.net\\\/tr\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/096f1d38a12cce57fb855b485ed24c9e\"},\"headline\":\"Govdun ve Ha\u011ft \u00fczerine bellek yaz\u0131m\u0131ndan sayfalar\",\"datePublished\":\"2024-05-20T06:57:25+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2024-05-20T06:58:37+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/akunq.net\\\/tr\\\/?p=79522\"},\"wordCount\":2363,\"commentCount\":0,\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/akunq.net\\\/tr\\\/?p=79522#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/akunq.net\\\/tr\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/sites\\\/6\\\/2024\\\/05\\\/Sivas.jpeg\",\"articleSection\":[\"Haberler\",\"Makaleler\",\"Tarih Sayfalar\u0131\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/akunq.net\\\/tr\\\/?p=79522#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/akunq.net\\\/tr\\\/?p=79522\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/akunq.net\\\/tr\\\/?p=79522\",\"name\":\"Govdun ve Ha\u011ft \u00fczerine bellek yaz\u0131m\u0131ndan sayfalar - 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