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Uluslararas\u0131 hak kurulu\u015fu Az\u0131nl\u0131k Haklar\u0131 Grubu\u2019nun (MRG) T\u00fcrkiye\u2019deki az\u0131nl\u0131klar\u0131n kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya bulunduklar\u0131 \u201cyokolma riski\u201dni \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmledi\u011fi rapora g\u00f6re T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de m\u00fczmin ayr\u0131mc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n temeli: Devlet ile az\u0131nl\u0131klar aras\u0131ndaki ili\u015fkileri belirleyen milliyet\u00e7ilik.<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n Uluslararas\u0131 hak kurulu\u015fu Az\u0131nl\u0131k Haklar\u0131 Grubu\u2019nun (MRG), T\u00fcrkiye\u2019deki etnik, dinsel ve dilsel az\u0131nl\u0131klar\u0131n \u00fclkede kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131klar\u0131 sorunlar\u0131 ve zorluklar\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmleyerek sergilemeyi ama\u00e7layan raporu, \u201cAyr\u0131mc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n \u00fczerindeki \u00f6rt\u00fcy\u00fc kald\u0131rmak: T\u00fcrkiye\u2019deki az\u0131nl\u0131klar\u201d yay\u0131mland\u0131.<\/p>\n Raporun oda\u011f\u0131nda, devletin az\u0131nl\u0131klara y\u00f6nelik politikalar\u0131nda yer alan, varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 hep s\u00fcrd\u00fcre gelerek g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze kadar devam eden ve az\u0131nl\u0131k haklar\u0131n\u0131n daha da geli\u015ftirilmesinin \u00f6n\u00fcnde engel te\u015fkil eden ayr\u0131mc\u0131l\u0131k yer al\u0131yor.<\/p>\n M\u00fczmin ayr\u0131mc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n temeli: Milliyet\u00e7ilik<\/strong> Rapor \u00f6ncelikle T\u00fcrk milliyet\u00e7ili\u011finin ayr\u0131mc\u0131l\u0131k uygulamalar\u0131ndaki d\u0131\u015fa vurumunu vurgulayarak T\u00fcrkiye\u2019deki devlet-az\u0131nl\u0131k ili\u015fkilerinin kapsaml\u0131 bir \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmlemesini sunmakla birlikte, el al\u0131p tart\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 vakalar ba\u011flam\u0131nda ayr\u0131mc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n \u00e7e\u015fitli ba\u015fka boyutlar\u0131n\u0131 da vurguluyor.<\/p>\n Az\u0131nl\u0131k Haklar\u0131 Grubunun i\u015flevi<\/strong> MRG \u00f6zellikle, \u201cn\u00fcfusun geri kalan\u0131ndan say\u0131ca daha az olan ve kimliklerini korumak ve geli\u015ftirmek isteyebilecek dezavantajl\u0131 etnik, ulusal, dini, dilsel veya k\u00fclt\u00fcrel gruplar\u201da y\u00f6neliyor.<\/p>\n MRG programlar\u0131, yay\u0131nlar\u0131, savunuculu\u011fu, yarg\u0131daki davalar\u0131, dan\u0131\u015fmanl\u0131klar\u0131, e\u011fitim ve \u00f6\u011fretimi ve medyadaki faaliyetleri arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla, ya\u015fad\u0131klar\u0131 topraklar ve konu\u015ftuklar\u0131 diller \u00fczerindeki haklar\u0131n\u0131 savunmak i\u00e7in \u00e7aba g\u00f6steren az\u0131nl\u0131klar\u0131 ve yerli halklar\u0131 destekliyor. Onlar\u0131n ya\u015fad\u0131klar\u0131 inan\u00e7lara, sahip olduklar\u0131 k\u00fclt\u00fcrlere, e\u011fitim ve istihdamda f\u0131rsat e\u015fitli\u011fine ve kamusal hayata tam kat\u0131l\u0131m\u0131yla ilgileniyor.<\/p>\n \u201cT\u00fcrkiye\u2019deki Az\u0131nl\u0131klar\u201d raporu<\/strong> Birinci b\u00f6l\u00fcm, \u00fclkedeki az\u0131nl\u0131klar\u0131n kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 zorluklar\u0131 ve ihlalleri daha iyi anlamak ve daha detayl\u0131 incelemek isteyenlere kaynak sa\u011flamak amac\u0131yla T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de ayr\u0131mc\u0131l\u0131k ve az\u0131nl\u0131k haklar\u0131n\u0131n hukuki arka plan\u0131n\u0131 ortaya koyuyor.<\/p>\n \u0130kinci b\u00f6l\u00fcmde ayr\u0131mc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n toplumsal ya\u015fam\u0131n farkl\u0131 alanlar\u0131ndaki t\u00fcm az\u0131nl\u0131k topluluklar\u0131n\u0131 etkileyen yayg\u0131n ve temel bir sorun oldu\u011fu 6 \u015eubat 2023 depremlerinin etkisi de dikkate al\u0131narak inceleniyor. Bu b\u00f6l\u00fcm, ger\u00e7ek hayattan al\u0131nm\u0131\u015f hak ihlali \u00f6rneklerini de\u011ferlendirerek \u00e7e\u015fitli az\u0131nl\u0131klar\u0131n ya\u015far kalma ve kimlik m\u00fccadelesini a\u00e7\u0131klarken bu ihlalleri birinci b\u00f6l\u00fcmde a\u00e7\u0131klanan yasal \u00e7er\u00e7eveye yerle\u015ftiriyor.<\/p>\n Son b\u00f6l\u00fcmde ise T\u00fcrkiye\u2019deki pek \u00e7ok az\u0131nl\u0131k i\u00e7in acil bir sorun olan ve onlar\u0131n k\u00fclt\u00fcrel olarak ya\u015far kalabilmeleri i\u00e7in gereksindikleri dil haklar\u0131na, \u00f6zellikle de ana dil hakk\u0131na odaklan\u0131l\u0131yor. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de dil haklar\u0131, di\u011fer az\u0131nl\u0131k haklar\u0131na g\u00f6re daha sa\u011flam bir hukuki temele sahip olsa da, ayr\u0131mc\u0131l\u0131ktan kaynaklanan pratik zorluklar\u0131n \u00f6n plana \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131, s\u00fcre\u011fen bir m\u00fccadele alan\u0131.<\/p>\n Son b\u00f6l\u00fcm, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de az\u0131nl\u0131klara kar\u015f\u0131 ayr\u0131mc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n do\u011fas\u0131n\u0131 dil haklar\u0131 merce\u011finden g\u00f6steren ve az\u0131nl\u0131klar\u0131n k\u00fclt\u00fcrel varl\u0131klar\u0131 ad\u0131na a\u015fmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131klar\u0131 zorluklar\u0131n alt\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7izen bir \u00f6rnek olay incelemesi niteli\u011finde.<\/p>\n
\nT\u00fcrkiye\u2019de devlet ile az\u0131nl\u0131klar aras\u0131ndaki ili\u015fkilerin temelini olu\u015fturan milliyet\u00e7ilik, bu m\u00fczmin ayr\u0131mc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n temeli olarak g\u00f6r\u00fclebilir. Ancak ayr\u0131mc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n din, s\u0131n\u0131f ve cinsiyet e\u015fitsizli\u011fi gibi \u00e7e\u015fitli d\u00fczeylerde s\u0131raland\u0131\u011f\u0131, ba\u011flam edindi\u011fi ve kesi\u015fti\u011fi, sadece devlet-az\u0131nl\u0131k ili\u015fkileri ba\u011flam\u0131nda de\u011fil, az\u0131nl\u0131klar, az\u0131nl\u0131klar aras\u0131nda ve az\u0131nl\u0131k topluluklar\u0131 i\u00e7inde ve ayn\u0131 zamanda egemen gruplarda ve gruplar aras\u0131ndaki ili\u015fkilerde de ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131 unutulmamal\u0131.<\/p>\n
\nAz\u0131nl\u0131k Haklar\u0131 Grubu (MRG), dezavantajl\u0131 az\u0131nl\u0131klar\u0131n ve genellikle yoksullar\u0131n en yoksullar\u0131 olan yerli halklar\u0131n seslerini duyurabilmelerini sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in 50\u2019den fazla \u00fclkede yakla\u015f\u0131k 150 orta\u011f\u0131yla d\u00fcnya \u00e7ap\u0131nda kampanyalar y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n
\nBu \u00e7er\u00e7evede MRG\u2019nin son raporu devlet ve az\u0131nl\u0131klar aras\u0131ndaki ili\u015fkilerde ayr\u0131mc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n arka plan\u0131na ili\u015fkin k\u0131sa bir a\u00e7\u0131klamayla ba\u015fl\u0131yor. Rapor, bu arka plan \u00fczerinde T\u00fcrkiye\u2019deki etnik, dilsel ve dinsel az\u0131nl\u0131klar\u0131n g\u00fcncel ve kapsaml\u0131 bir tablosunu sunmak \u00fczere konusunu \u00fc\u00e7 ana b\u00f6l\u00fcmde ele al\u0131yor.<\/p>\n