{"id":79228,"date":"2024-04-30T03:30:00","date_gmt":"2024-04-30T08:30:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=79228"},"modified":"2024-04-30T03:30:00","modified_gmt":"2024-04-30T08:30:00","slug":"tarihyazimi-ve-kolektif-hafizada-dersim-38-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=79228","title":{"rendered":"Tarihyaz\u0131m\u0131 ve kolektif haf\u0131zada Dersim \u201938 (2)"},"content":{"rendered":"\n\n\n
\"\"<\/p>\n

Tarihyaz\u0131m\u0131 ve kolektif haf\u0131zada Dersim \u201938\u2019in yerine bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda, kar\u015f\u0131m\u0131za \u00e7\u0131kan faaliyetler ve \u00fcr\u00fcnlerin ve yer ald\u0131klar\u0131 mecralar\u0131n genel bir tasnifi yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda \u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fcze giderek artan bir \u00e7e\u015fitlenme \u00e7\u0131kmaktad\u0131r.<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

B\u00fclent Bilmez:<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ge\u00e7mi\u015fle y\u00fczle\u015fmeyi ve genelde tarihyaz\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 basit\u00e7e siyah ve beyaz aras\u0131nda bir se\u00e7im meselesi olarak g\u00f6rmemesi gereken akademik tarihyaz\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n Dersim \u201938 s\u00fcrecine kar\u015f\u0131 ilgisizli\u011fi ve bu konudaki se\u00e7ilmi\u015f bilgisizli\u011fi nedeniyle meydan\u0131 dolduran konvansiyonel pop\u00fcler tarihyaz\u0131m\u0131, 2009 \u00f6ncesindeki s\u00fcre\u00e7te resmi tarih s\u00f6yleminin yayg\u0131nla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 rol\u00fcn\u00fc oynam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Di\u011fer yandan pop\u00fcler muhalif literat\u00fcr ise s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 olgusal bilgiyi tekrara dayal\u0131 bir yay\u0131n birikimine dayanarak, adalet aray\u0131\u015f\u0131 veya siyasi m\u00fccadelede \u00f6nemli bir \u2018mesele\u2019 olarak konuyu ele alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

2009 sonras\u0131 d\u00f6nemde ya\u015fanan faaliyet patlamas\u0131nda, ki\u015fisel prestij, ilgi veya maddi kazan\u00e7 beklentisi de bu faaliyetlerde \u00f6nemli rol oynam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Bir \u00f6nceki yaz\u0131da genel e\u011filimler ve tezler d\u00fczlemini ele ald\u0131\u011f\u0131m Tarihyaz\u0131m\u0131 ve Kolektif Haf\u0131zada Dersim \u201938 haritas\u0131n\u0131n di\u011fer d\u00f6rt boyutunu, bu yaz\u0131da sentezleyerek ele alaca\u011f\u0131m: (1) yer ald\u0131klar\u0131 mecralar; (2) diller; (3) t\u00fcrler\/janrlar; (4) konuyla dolayl\u0131 veya do\u011frudan ilgileri; (5) kronolojik s\u0131ra ba\u011flam\u0131nda belirli periyotlar ve d\u00f6nemler.<\/p>\n

*****<\/p>\n

\u00d6ncelikle meseleyi kronolojik s\u0131ra ve d\u00f6nemlendirme ba\u011flam\u0131nda ele almak istedi\u011fimizde, \u00fc\u00e7 ana d\u00f6nem ve bunlar\u0131n farkl\u0131 alt-d\u00f6nemlerini dikkate almam\u0131z gerekti\u011fini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyorum.<\/p>\n

1938\u2019de ba\u015flayan birinci ana d\u00f6nem olarak, 2009 s\u00fcreci \u00f6ncesindeki y\u0131llar.<\/p>\n

a. 1940\u2019lardan 1980\u2019lere kadarki birinci alt-d\u00f6nem<\/p>\n

b. \u0130kinci alt-d\u00f6nem olarak kolektif kimliklerin ve partik\u00fclarist duyarl\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131n \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve bu ba\u011flamda Dersim \u201838 konusunda s\u00f6ylem \u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fine ve paradigma de\u011fi\u015fimine sahne olan 1990\u2019lar<\/p>\n

c. Sonuncu alt-d\u00f6nemi ise bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n zenginle\u015ferek ve derinle\u015ferek devam etti\u011fi 2000\u2019lerde s\u00f6ken \u2018demokrasi \u015fafa\u011f\u0131\u2019 d\u00f6nemi olu\u015fturur.<\/p>\n

Burada \u201cdemokrasi \u015fafa\u011f\u0131\u201d vurgusu i\u00e7in ara bir not d\u00fc\u015fmek isterim: Bir y\u0131ldan fazlad\u0131r devam eden Tarih Tersleri k\u00f6\u015fesindeki son yaz\u0131lar\u0131mda ele ald\u0131\u011f\u0131m Osmanl\u0131-T\u00fcrkiye tarihinde \u2018demokrasi \u015fafaklar\u0131\u2019 yaz\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n linkini maalesef veremiyorum. Art\u0131 Ger\u00e7ek sitesinin siber sald\u0131r\u0131ya u\u011framas\u0131 sonras\u0131nda eski yaz\u0131lara \u015fimdilik eri\u015fim sa\u011flanam\u0131yor. Ancak Tarih Tersleri\u2019ni takip edenler bu konudaki yaz\u0131lar\u0131m\u0131 hat\u0131rlayacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

D\u00f6nemlendirme \u00f6nerimde ikinci ana-d\u00f6nemi olu\u015fturan 2009 S\u00fcreci. Dersim 38\u2019le y\u00fczle\u015fmenin do\u011fu\u015fu ve s\u00f6n\u00fcmleni\u015fi ba\u011flam\u0131nda bu ana-d\u00f6nemi, Dersim \u201938 konusundaki yaz\u0131mda ele alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131m. 2014-15\u2019te ba\u015flayan ve halen devam eden \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc ana-d\u00f6nem. Bu d\u00f6nemi, ayn\u0131 zamanda daha genelde \u2018demokrasi \u015fafa\u011f\u0131n\u0131n g\u00fcnd\u00fcze de\u011fil yeniden geceye evirildi\u011fi s\u00fcre\u00e7\u2019 olarak g\u00f6rebiliriz.<\/p>\n

\u0130\u00e7inde ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc d\u00f6nemde, anma g\u00fcnleri, an\u0131tlar ve devam eden yay\u0131nlar arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla Dersim \u201938 konusunda faaliyetlerini s\u00fcrd\u00fcren Dersimliler \u2013 ilk d\u00f6neme g\u00f6re daha geni\u015f bir \u00e7evreye ula\u015fsalar da \u2013 bug\u00fcn yeniden \u2018kendi\u2019 travmalar\u0131yla ba\u015f ba\u015fa kald\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6rmekteyiz.<\/p>\n

Buna e\u015flik eden bir e\u011filim ise (temcit pilav\u0131 gibi kamuoyunun \u00f6n\u00fcne yeniden s\u00fcr\u00fclen tezlerin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra savunmac\u0131 neo-Kemalist me\u015frula\u015ft\u0131rma ve T\u00fcrk-\u0130slamc\u0131 ink\u00e2ra dayanan) \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011fun bitmek bilmeyen kibirli anlat\u0131lar\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

*****<\/p>\n

Tarihyaz\u0131msal \u00fcr\u00fcn ve faaliyetlerin Dersim \u201938 ile ilgisinin ne kadar dolayl\u0131 veya dolays\u0131z oldu\u011fu a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan meseleye bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda, genelde T\u00fcrkiye tarihi ve daha \u00f6zelde K\u00fcrt ve K\u00fcrdistan tarihi konulu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalarda Dersim-K\u0131r\u0131m\u2019a pek yer verilmedi\u011fini veya birka\u00e7 c\u00fcmle veya paragrafla ge\u00e7i\u015ftirildi\u011fini g\u00f6rmekteyiz.<\/p>\n

Bu konuda \u00f6nemli bir istisnay\u0131, ayaklanmalar\/isyanlar literat\u00fcr\u00fc ve \u00f6zellikle K\u00fcrt isyanlar\u0131 literat\u00fcr\u00fc olu\u015fturmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

1990\u2019lara kadar Dersim 38\u2019in detaylar\u0131yla ilgili kolektif haf\u0131zan\u0131n en \u00f6nemli kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturan bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra, sonraki y\u0131llarda yay\u0131nlanan genelde Dersim tarihi, folkloru, co\u011frafyas\u0131 ve dilleri hakk\u0131ndaki \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar, farkl\u0131 oranlarda ve \u015fekillerde konuya yer vermi\u015flerdir. Neredeyse sadece Dersimlilerin ve K\u00fcrt ayd\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131n \u00fcretti\u011fi ve t\u00fcketti\u011fi bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar, alternatif haf\u0131za in\u015fas\u0131na giri\u015firken, kar\u015f\u0131t tezlerle payla\u015ft\u0131klar\u0131 temel \u00f6zellikler modern(ist) y\u00f6ntem ve yakla\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131 olmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n

M\u00fcnhas\u0131ran Dersim \u201938 ile ilgili ilk \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar da 1990\u2019lardan itibaren ortaya \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015f ve 2000\u2019lerde say\u0131s\u0131 h\u0131zla artm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

*****<\/p>\n

Konuya dair genelde T\u00fcrk\u00e7e ve nadiren Zazaca yay\u0131nlanan bu ara\u015ft\u0131rma-inceleme kitaplar\u0131 ve \u00f6nce s\u00fcreli yay\u0131nlarda ve daha sonra derleme kitaplarda yer bulan makaleler, amat\u00f6r s\u00f6zl\u00fc tarih \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131na dayand\u0131klar\u0131 oranda yeni bilgi \u00fcretimine \u00f6nemli katk\u0131 sunmu\u015flard\u0131r. Bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar \u00f6ncelikle yurtd\u0131\u015f\u0131nda ba\u015flam\u0131\u015f, ard\u0131ndan T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de devam etmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

Bu arada \u0130ngilizce ba\u015fta olmak \u00fczere Almanca ve Frans\u0131zca gibi yayg\u0131n Avrupa dillerinde yay\u0131nlanan, genel T\u00fcrkiye Tarihi veya genel K\u00fcrt ve K\u00fcrdistan Tarihi konulu hem akademik hem de pop\u00fcler kitap ve makalelerde bazen yer verilen Dersim \u201838, istisnas\u0131z olarak her seferinde isyan anlat\u0131s\u0131yla aktar\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Bu gidi\u015fat\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftiren, gen\u00e7 K\u00fcrt akademisyen adaylar\u0131n\u0131n ve \u00f6zellikle Dersimlilerin Almanya ve ABD ba\u015fta olmak \u00fczere yurt d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda haz\u0131rlad\u0131klar\u0131 y\u00fcksek lisans ve doktora tezleri olmu\u015ftur. Yurt d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda yap\u0131lan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar, egemen resmi anlat\u0131ya ele\u015ftirel yakla\u015farak farkl\u0131 anlat\u0131lar\u0131 dikkate ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 kadar ve akademik-metodolojik ve \u00f6zellikle teorik-kavramsal \u00e7er\u00e7eve i\u00e7inde ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirildi\u011fi oranda, tarihyaz\u0131m\u0131 ve kolektif haf\u0131za i\u00e7in s\u0131\u00e7rama anlam\u0131na gelmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

Bu arada T\u00fcrkiye\u2019deki \u00fcniversitelerde de \u00f6zellikle 2000\u2019lerden itibaren T\u00fcrk\u00e7e tezlerin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra \u0130ngilizce haz\u0131rlanan ve sadece bir k\u0131sm\u0131 yay\u0131nlanm\u0131\u015f olan tezler ise kullan\u0131lan kaynaklar\u0131n (de\u011fi\u015fik ar\u015fivler, farkl\u0131 dillerde bas\u0131n, vb.) \u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fi sayesinde tarihyaz\u0131m\u0131na \u00f6nemli katk\u0131 sunmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n

*****<\/p>\n

Dersim \u201938 konulu faaliyetlerin ve \u00fcr\u00fcnlerin dilleri, t\u00fcrleri ve yer ald\u0131klar\u0131 mecralar\u0131 ele ald\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda, \u00f6ncelikle yaz\u0131l\u0131 eserler olarak bas\u0131n\u0131n (gazete ve dergilerin) ve kurgu-d\u0131\u015f\u0131 pop\u00fcler kitaplar\u0131n, hakim ve rakipsiz resmi anlat\u0131y\u0131 ve dolay\u0131s\u0131yla \u2018kamusal\u2019 haf\u0131zay\u0131 daha s\u00fcrecin ba\u015f\u0131ndan itibaren \u00fcretti\u011fini g\u00f6r\u00fcr\u00fcz.<\/p>\n

Zamanla bunlara eklenen resmi anlat\u0131y\u0131 besleyici birka\u00e7 roman, yaz\u0131l\u0131 k\u00fclt\u00fcr mecras\u0131nda pop\u00fcler haf\u0131zan\u0131n in\u015fas\u0131nda belki de en etkili \u00fcr\u00fcnler olmu\u015ftur. Sadece \u2018hayali\u2019 olmas\u0131 anlam\u0131nda de\u011fil, tarihsel ve k\u00fclt\u00fcrel bir\u00e7ok olguyu \u00e7arp\u0131tmas\u0131 anlam\u0131nda da \u2018kurgusal\u2019 y\u00f6n\u00fc \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131kan bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar, Dersimliler d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda say\u0131s\u0131 \u00e7ok olmayan okuyucular \u00fczerinde daha \u00e7ok \u2018deformasyon\u2019 etkisi yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Do\u011fal olarak, bu mecrada T\u00fcrk\u00e7e alternatifsizdir; t\u00fcm \u00fcretim ve yayg\u0131nla\u015ft\u0131rma T\u00fcrk\u00e7e yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Dersim pek g\u00fcndemde olmamakla birlikte, kolektif haf\u0131zada yer etti\u011fi kadar\u0131yla yak\u0131n zamanlara kadar Dersim \u201838 anlat\u0131s\u0131, bu \u00fcr\u00fcnler taraf\u0131ndan olu\u015fturulmu\u015f imajlar toplam\u0131ndan ibarettir.<\/p>\n

Bu s\u0131rada, sadece Dersimli \u00e7evrelerle s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 olmak \u00fczere, \u00e7ok say\u0131da Zazaca ve az say\u0131da Kurmanci t\u00fcrk\u00fc ve \u00f6zellikle a\u011f\u0131tlar, tek alternatif anlat\u0131 olarak \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131kmaktad\u0131r. Sonraki y\u0131llarda bu t\u00fcrk\u00fc ve a\u011f\u0131tlar\u0131n topland\u0131\u011f\u0131 birka\u00e7 antoloji ile Dersimli tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015f ozan\/\u015fairler hakk\u0131nda yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f birka\u00e7 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma, yerelde kolektif haf\u0131zan\u0131n \u00f6nemli unsurlar\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturan bu \u00fcr\u00fcnleri yaz\u0131l\u0131 k\u00fclt\u00fcre de kazand\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Tamamen yer alt\u0131nda veya \u00f6zel alanda varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcren bireysel\/ailevi kolektif haf\u0131zan\u0131n in\u015fas\u0131, daha \u00e7ok ku\u015faklararas\u0131 aktar\u0131ma dayal\u0131d\u0131r. Nitekim, Dersim-K\u0131r\u0131m s\u00fcrecinden bir \u015fekilde canl\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kan, ama s\u00fcreci derin ruhsal, zihinsel ve fiziki yaralarla atlatm\u0131\u015f olanlar, yak\u0131n zamanlara kadar hayatta olup bir\u00e7ok Dersimlinin evinde, canl\u0131 tan\u0131kl\u0131klar\u0131n (genelde istemeden ve dolayl\u0131 olarak) aktar\u0131c\u0131s\u0131yd\u0131lar. Bu tan\u0131kl\u0131klar, ikinci ve \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc ku\u015faklarda, (\u015fizofrenik diyebilece\u011fimiz) ikili haf\u0131zaya veya olduk\u00e7a sanc\u0131l\u0131 haf\u0131za yar\u0131lmas\u0131na yol a\u00e7m\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Herkes i\u00e7in ge\u00e7erli olan \u00f6zel ve kamusal alan\/haf\u0131za fark\u0131, Dersimliler i\u00e7in iki alan aras\u0131nda u\u00e7urum anlam\u0131na gelmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

Uzun s\u00fcre \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011fun fark\u0131nda olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bu u\u00e7urumu beseleyen faaliyetler ve \u00fcr\u00fcnler, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de kitap, makale ve akademik tezler olmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n

\u0130lk birka\u00e7 ony\u0131ldaki ikili kolektif haf\u0131zan\u0131n sadece bir taraf\u0131n\u0131 incelemek i\u00e7in bug\u00fcn de ba\u015fvurulabilecek bu yaz\u0131l\u0131 kaynaklar\u0131n yan\u0131nda, ku\u015faklararas\u0131 aktar\u0131m\u0131n kayna\u011f\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturan i\u00e7eriden\/yerel anlat\u0131y\u0131 incelemek i\u00e7in elimizde maalesef fazla kaynak bulunmamaktad\u0131r. Bu anlat\u0131lar\u0131n g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze aktar\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayan, maalesef \u00e7o\u011fu hen\u00fcz yay\u0131nlanmam\u0131\u015f olan m\u00fclakatlar, en \u00f6nemli kaynaklard\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Amat\u00f6r s\u00f6zl\u00fc tarih \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131nda daha profesyonel projeler arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla geni\u015f kamuoyuna aktar\u0131lan bu m\u00fclakatlar, s\u00f6z konusu u\u00e7urumun a\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamasa da \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011fun \u2018di\u011fer\u2019 taraf\u0131 g\u00f6rebilmesi i\u00e7in olanak sunmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n

Bu arada, \u0130stanbul ve Ankara gibi Dersim d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki b\u00fcy\u00fck \u015fehirlere okumak ve \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmak i\u00e7in gelenlerin d\u00fczenledi\u011fi geceler, konserler ve sivil toplum faaliyetlerinde g\u00fcndeme gelmeye ba\u015flayan modern e\u011fitim alm\u0131\u015f Dersimli yeni ku\u015faklar\u0131n Tertele alg\u0131s\u0131 ve bunun g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz anlat\u0131lar\u0131 \u00fczerindeki etkisi ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmay\u0131 beklemektedir.<\/p>\n

Bu arada Dersim\u2019le ilgili kurgu-d\u0131\u015f\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar o s\u0131rada tart\u0131\u015fmas\u0131z hakimiyetini kurmu\u015f olan resmi anlat\u0131y\u0131 devam ettirmekle birlikte, kamuoyunda as\u0131l hakim olan sessizlik ve inkar olmu\u015ftur. Sessizli\u011fin veya hal\u0131 alt\u0131na s\u00fcp\u00fcrmenin belki de en sembolik g\u00f6stergesi, resmi versiyonuyla da olsa Dersim 38\u2019in hi\u00e7bir zaman ders kitaplar\u0131na girmemi\u015f olmas\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

*****<\/p>\n

Zamanla alternatif anlat\u0131lar\u0131n ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayan solcu Dersimliler ve K\u00fcrt ayd\u0131nlar ba\u015fta olmak \u00fczere devrimci birey ve kurumlar\u0131n T\u00fcrk\u00e7e a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131kl\u0131 s\u00fcreli yay\u0131nlarda yer bulmaya ba\u015flayan yaz\u0131lar\u0131 ve hepsi T\u00fcrk\u00e7e olan pop\u00fcler kitaplar\u0131, kamuoyu i\u00e7in \u00f6nemli bir olanak sunmu\u015ftur. Ancak genellikle (kelimenin kendi anlam\u0131yla) \u2018marjinal yay\u0131nevlerinin\u2019 yay\u0131nlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar, maalesef uzun s\u00fcre \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011fun bilgisi ve ilgi alan\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015f ve kolektif haf\u0131zadaki u\u00e7urumu ortadan kald\u0131rma i\u015flevi g\u00f6rmemi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

Ayn\u0131 \u015fekilde, 1990\u2019lardan itibaren yay\u0131nlanan, ancak \u00e7ok az say\u0131da ki\u015finin okudu\u011fu Zazaca ve T\u00fcrk\u00e7e romanlar, alternatif anlat\u0131lar\u0131 ve paralel kolektif haf\u0131zay\u0131 aktarman\u0131n yan\u0131nda, ayn\u0131 zamanda bunlar\u0131 revize ederek alternatif anlat\u0131 ve haf\u0131za in\u015fa rol\u00fc oynam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Buna e\u015flik eden bir mecra da kasetlerin yayg\u0131nla\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 1970\u2019lerden itibaren daha \u00e7ok yay\u0131lma olana\u011f\u0131 bulan Zazaca a\u011f\u0131tlar ve direni\u015f\/kahramanl\u0131k t\u00fcrk\u00fcleri olmu\u015ftur. 1980\u2019lerin sonu ve 90\u2019lar\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131ndan itibaren CD, DVD arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla say\u0131s\u0131 ve yayg\u0131nla\u015fma olana\u011f\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fcyen ve 1990\u2019lar\u0131n ortalar\u0131ndan itibaren modern icralar\u0131n da kat\u0131l\u0131m\u0131yla \u00e7e\u015fitlenen bu \u00fcr\u00fcnler, en son ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan ve en yayg\u0131n mecra olan internet arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla herkes i\u00e7in ula\u015f\u0131labilir olmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n

Ancak bu olanak, Dersimli olmayan geni\u015f kamuoyunun konuya ilgisini ve konuyla ilgili bilgisini art\u0131rma a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan uzun s\u00fcre pek etkili olmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Dersim \u201938, birka\u00e7 istisna d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda, Dersimlilerin ve daha genelde K\u00fcrt ayd\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131n d\u00fcnyas\u0131yla s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Bunu a\u015fmay\u0131 sa\u011flayan, 1990lardan itibaren merkezi veya ana ak\u0131m yay\u0131nevleri taraf\u0131ndan yay\u0131nlanan kitaplar ve makaleler olmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n

*****<\/p>\n

K\u00fcrt ayd\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131n ve \u00f6zellikle Dersimlilerin d\u00fcnyas\u0131n\u0131n s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131 a\u015fma konusunda belki de en etkili mecra, 2000\u2019lerden itibaren hem \u00f6zel g\u00f6sterimler hem de internet sayesinde Dersim 38\u2019i daha geni\u015f \u00e7evrelerin ilgisi ve bilgisine dahil eden belgeseller olmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n

Bir \u00f6nceki yaz\u0131da ele ald\u0131\u011f\u0131m \u00fczere, Dersim \u201938\u2019in b\u00fcy\u00fck yank\u0131 uyand\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 2009 sonras\u0131 s\u00fcre\u00e7te \u00f6zellikle resmi ar\u015fiv belgelerine ve s\u00f6zl\u00fc tarihe dayal\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar, Dersim \u201938 haf\u0131zas\u0131 konusunda ba\u015fvurulabilecek kaynak \u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fini olduk\u00e7a art\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u00dcstelik internet sayesinde bunlara eri\u015fim \u00e7ok daha kolayla\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Ancak Dersim \u201938 anlat\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n K\u00fcrt ayd\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131n ve \u00f6zellikle Dersimlilerin d\u00fcnyas\u0131n\u0131 a\u015f\u0131p daha geni\u015f \u00e7evrelerin ilgi ve bilgisine dahil olmas\u0131, esasen siyasi tart\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 yans\u0131tan televizyon yay\u0131nlar\u0131 arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla, bu s\u00fcre\u00e7te ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

*****<\/p>\n

2009 sonras\u0131 s\u00fcre\u00e7te iktidardaki siyaset\u00e7iler ile yanda\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n ve onlar\u0131 takip ederek medyan\u0131n hevesle sar\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve ard\u0131ndan h\u0131zla bir kenara b\u0131rakt\u0131\u011f\u0131 Dersim \u201938, o g\u00fcnden bug\u00fcne haz\u0131rlanan y\u00fcksek lisans ve doktora tezleri, yay\u0131nlanan akademik ve pop\u00fcler kitaplar, makaleler ve \u00f6zellikle s\u00f6zl\u00fc tarih projeleri sayesinde bug\u00fcn art\u0131k sessizlikle ge\u00e7i\u015ftirilemeyecek, herkesin hakk\u0131nda \u00e7ok \u015fey bildi\u011fi tarihi bir olgudur.<\/p>\n

Ancak, Dersim 38\u2019e olan medyatik ilgi ortadan kalkm\u0131\u015f, daha do\u011frusu sadece alternatif medyan\u0131n (genelde sadece anma g\u00fcnlerinde) odakland\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir mesele haline gelmi\u015ftir. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla halen devam etmekte olan akademik ve pop\u00fcler \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar, yaz\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131nda s\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc etti\u011fim kolektif haf\u0131zalar aras\u0131 u\u00e7urumu ortadan kald\u0131rmaya yetmemi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

Genel siyasi kampla\u015fmalar ve m\u00fccadelelerin par\u00e7as\u0131 olarak y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen haf\u0131za politikalar\u0131n\u0131n s\u00fcrekli olarak yeniden \u00fcretti\u011fi ve yayg\u0131nla\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 z\u0131t anlat\u0131lar varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrmektedir.<\/p>\n

Elbette \u00f6zel\/ailevi olan\u0131n tabula\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmad\u0131\u011f\u0131, hal\u0131 alt\u0131na s\u00fcr\u00fclmedi\u011fi veya kriminalize edilmedi\u011fi ko\u015fullarda farkl\u0131 haf\u0131zalar ve anlat\u0131lar\u0131n \u00e7o\u011fulcu demokrasilerin normali oldu\u011funu ve hep var olaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bilmek\/kabul etmek gerekir.<\/p>\n

Ancak Dersim \u201938 s\u00f6z konusu oldu\u011funda akla ilk gelmesi gereken insanl\u0131k d\u0131\u015f\u0131 ya\u015fanm\u0131\u015fl\u0131klar\u0131n ve bunlara dair tan\u0131kl\u0131klar\u0131n, yaz\u0131l\u0131 kaynaklara dayal\u0131 so\u011fuk kanl\u0131 anlat\u0131larla e\u015fitlenmemesi gerekti\u011fini etik bir uyar\u0131 olarak not d\u00fc\u015fmek isterim.<\/p>\n

*****<\/p>\n

Sonu\u00e7 olarak, tarihyaz\u0131m\u0131 ve kolektif haf\u0131zada Dersim \u201938\u2019in yerine bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda, kar\u015f\u0131m\u0131za \u00e7\u0131kan faaliyetler ve \u00fcr\u00fcnlerin ve yer ald\u0131klar\u0131 mecralar\u0131n genel bir tasnifi yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda \u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fcze giderek artan bir \u00e7e\u015fitlenme \u00e7\u0131kmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Di\u011fer yandan, bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalarda kar\u015f\u0131m\u0131za \u00e7\u0131kan genel e\u011filimlere\/tezlere bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda ise farkl\u0131 u\u00e7larda yer alan anlat\u0131lar\u0131n kimi yerlerde kesi\u015ftikleri ve benze\u015ftikleri noktalar dikkat \u00e7ekmektedir.<\/p>\n

Dersim 1937-38\u2019le ilgili sorulara kendi pencerelerinden k\u0131smi cevaplar veren bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\/tezlerin, esasen o d\u00f6nemde ya\u015fanan insan k\u0131r\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 ve 1947\u2019ye kadar devam eden s\u00fcrg\u00fcn cezalar\u0131n\u0131n sebep oldu\u011fu vahameti tam olarak yans\u0131tmad\u0131klar\u0131\/kapsayamad\u0131klar\u0131 ve sarih bir \u015fekilde a\u00e7\u0131klayamad\u0131klar\u0131 da bariz bir durumdur.<\/p>\n

Bu konuda bug\u00fcn ve gelecekte yap\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekenler konusunda g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f ve \u00f6nerilerimi sonraki yaz\u0131lara b\u0131rak\u0131yorum.<\/p>\n

B\u00fclent Bilmez: Lisans e\u011fitimini ODT\u00dc Ekonomi b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnde, doktoras\u0131n\u0131 Berlin Humboldt \u00dcniversitesi\u2019nde tamamlayan Prof. Dr. B\u00fclent Bilmez, 2005 y\u0131l\u0131ndan beri \u0130stanbul Bilgi \u00dcniversitesi Tarih B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnde \u00f6\u011fretim \u00fcyesi olarak g\u00f6rev yapmaktad\u0131r. 30 y\u0131la yak\u0131n hocal\u0131k s\u00fcrecinde, daha \u00f6nce Almanya\u2019da (Berlin Freie Universitaet), Arnavutluk\u2019ta (Elbasan Alexander Xhuvani \u00dcniversitesi), Kosova\u2019da (Prishtina \u00dcniversitesi Yaz Okullar\u0131) ve T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de de\u011fi\u015fik \u00fcniversitelerde dersler verdi. Bir d\u00f6nem Tarih Vakf\u0131 Ba\u015fkan\u0131 olarak g\u00f6rev yapan Bilmez\u2019in ara\u015ft\u0131rma ve ders konular\u0131 \u015funlar: Modernle\u015fme\/(az)geli\u015fme, emperyalizm ve k\u00fcreselle\u015fme teorileri; son d\u00f6nem Osmanl\u0131 modernle\u015fme s\u00fcreci ve bu ba\u011flamda modern kolektif kimlik in\u015fa s\u00fcre\u00e7leri ve modern Balkan (\u00f6zellikle Arnavut\/luk) tarihi ile T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyeti tarihi; T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de az\u0131nl\u0131klar ve bu ba\u011flamda s\u00f6zl\u00fc tarih, kolektif bellek ve ge\u00e7mi\u015fle y\u00fczle\u015fme,<\/p>\n

\n

Art\u0131 Ger\u00e7ek<\/a>\u00a0<\/strong><\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Tarihyaz\u0131m\u0131 ve kolektif haf\u0131zada Dersim \u201938\u2019in yerine bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda, kar\u015f\u0131m\u0131za \u00e7\u0131kan faaliyetler ve \u00fcr\u00fcnlerin ve yer ald\u0131klar\u0131 mecralar\u0131n genel bir tasnifi yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda \u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fcze giderek artan bir \u00e7e\u015fitlenme \u00e7\u0131kmaktad\u0131r. B\u00fclent Bilmez: Ge\u00e7mi\u015fle y\u00fczle\u015fmeyi ve genelde tarihyaz\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 basit\u00e7e siyah ve beyaz aras\u0131nda bir se\u00e7im meselesi olarak g\u00f6rmemesi gereken akademik tarihyaz\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n Dersim \u201938 s\u00fcrecine kar\u015f\u0131 ilgisizli\u011fi ve bu konudaki […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":79229,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1,70,20,53],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-79228","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-haberler","category-makaleler","category-tarih-sayfalari","category-turkiyede-azinliklar"],"yoast_head":"\nTarihyaz\u0131m\u0131 ve kolektif haf\u0131zada Dersim \u201938 (2) - Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=79228\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Tarihyaz\u0131m\u0131 ve kolektif haf\u0131zada Dersim \u201938 (2) - Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Tarihyaz\u0131m\u0131 ve kolektif haf\u0131zada Dersim \u201938\u2019in yerine bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda, kar\u015f\u0131m\u0131za \u00e7\u0131kan faaliyetler ve \u00fcr\u00fcnlerin ve yer ald\u0131klar\u0131 mecralar\u0131n genel bir tasnifi yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda \u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fcze giderek artan bir \u00e7e\u015fitlenme \u00e7\u0131kmaktad\u0131r. 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