{"id":78705,"date":"2024-03-18T07:00:05","date_gmt":"2024-03-18T12:00:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=78705"},"modified":"2024-03-18T07:00:05","modified_gmt":"2024-03-18T12:00:05","slug":"turkiyede-ermeni-mimar-olmak","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=78705","title":{"rendered":"T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de Ermeni Mimar Olmak"},"content":{"rendered":"
Sait \u00c7etino\u011flu<\/a><\/strong><\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
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Mimarlar Odas\u0131 \u0130stanbul B\u00fcy\u00fckkent \u015eubesi\u2019nin,\u00a0Mimarlar Odas\u0131 Tarihinden\u00a0Portreler[1]<\/a>\u00a0serisinden Zakarya Mildano\u011flu ile yap\u0131lan s\u00f6yle\u015fi kitapla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131larak okurlara sunuldu.<\/em><\/p>\n

S\u00f6yle\u015finin meslekta\u015f ve birbirlerini \u00e7ok uzun zamand\u0131r tan\u0131yan iki arkada\u015f aras\u0131nda yap\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n da s\u00f6yle\u015fiye ayr\u0131 bir tat katt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ekleyelim. S\u00f6yle\u015finin bu karakteri s\u00f6yle\u015fiye ola\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc bir derinlik, s\u00fcr\u00fckleyicilik ve zenginlik katm\u0131\u015f.<\/p>\n

S\u00f6yle\u015fi \u00e7ocuklu\u011fu ve e\u011fitim hayat\u0131, politik ya\u015fam\u0131, meslek\u00ee ya\u015fam\u0131, \u201cErmeni K\u00fclt\u00fcr \u0130zleri\u201d gezileri, yurtd\u0131\u015f\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 ve yay\u0131n \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 olmak \u00fczere alt\u0131 b\u00f6l\u00fcmden olu\u015fur.<\/p>\n

Zakarya Mildano\u011flu, dostlar\u0131n\u0131n adland\u0131rmas\u0131yla Zakar \u00e7ocukluk, e\u011fitim, meslek ve politik ya\u015fam\u0131 genelinde Soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u2019dan artakalan k\u0131l\u0131\u00e7 art\u0131\u011f\u0131 Anadolulu bir Ermeni ailesinin zorlu ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131 apa\u00e7\u0131k olarak okuyucular\u0131n\u0131n g\u00f6zlerinin \u00f6n\u00fcne getirir. S\u00f6yle\u015fiyi yapan Saliha Aslan\u00a0sunu\u015funda bu ger\u00e7ekli\u011fi, \u201cAnlatt\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 dinler\u00adken sadece kendisinin ve ailesinin de\u011fil, ad\u0131n\u0131 ne koyarsan\u0131z koyun, bu topraklarda ya\u015fanm\u0131\u015f bir b\u00fcy\u00fck felaketin, ac\u0131n\u0131n hik\u00e2yesini de dinlemi\u015f oldum,\u201d c\u00fcmlesiyle k\u0131saca \u00f6zetlemi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

\u00c7ok y\u00f6nl\u00fc bir ki\u015fi olan Mimar Zakarya Mildano\u011flu\u2019nun s\u00f6yle\u015fisi de bir\u00e7ok y\u00f6nden ele almak m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

Ailesinden do\u011fru tarihsel topraklar\u0131ndan kopar\u0131lm\u0131\u015f bir halk\u0131n trajedisi ile i\u00e7 i\u00e7e olup bizzat yak\u0131ndan tan\u0131k olan Saliha Aslan\u2019\u0131n bu co\u011frafyan\u0131n ac\u0131 ger\u00e7e\u011fini sorgulamas\u0131 kolay olmu\u015f:\u00a0\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n

Bu topraklar\u0131n binlerce y\u0131ll\u0131k tarihinin en kanl\u0131, en ac\u0131 g\u00fcnlerine tan\u0131kl\u0131k et\u00admi\u015f bir ana-baban\u0131n \u00e7ocu\u011fu Zakar. \u0130nsanlar b\u00fcy\u00fck ac\u0131larla ba\u015fa \u00e7\u0131karken \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n\u0131n mutlulu\u011fu, g\u00fcvenli\u011fi i\u00e7in olanlar\u0131 yok saymak, ac\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 i\u00e7lerine atmak zorunda kalm\u0131\u015flar. E\u015fimin aile b\u00fcy\u00fcklerinin, atalar\u0131n\u0131n ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 1864 \u00c7erkes S\u00fcrg\u00fcn\u00fcn\u00fc ve ac\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 unutmay\u0131 se\u00e7melerinde de bunu g\u00f6rd\u00fcm.<\/em><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

S\u00f6yle\u015fi bir bak\u0131ma Ermenilerin k\u0131sa tarihi olarak da okunabilir; Zakar\u2019\u0131n anlat\u0131mlar\u0131 bir bak\u0131ma Soyk\u0131r\u0131m sonras\u0131 Anadolu ve \u0130stanbul Ermenilerinin k\u0131sa ve \u00f6zl\u00fc tarihidir. Bizzat ya\u015fayan bir insan\u0131n ilk elden anlat\u0131mlar\u0131 olarak s\u00f6yle\u015fi tarihsel bir belgedir. Ermenilerin ya\u015fam\u0131, okullar\u0131, ibadet yerleri, dayan\u0131\u015fma kurumlar\u0131 ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 resmedilir. Bir bak\u0131ma Ermenilerin tarihsel topraklar\u0131ndan kaz\u0131narak t\u00fcketilmesine kar\u015f\u0131 bir a\u011f\u0131t olarak da okumak m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr anlatt\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131.<\/p>\n

Saliha Aslan\u2019\u0131n s\u00f6yle\u015finin sunu\u015funda Charles Aznavour\u2019dan payla\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 a\u011f\u0131t sanki bu kelimelere nazire gibidir:<\/p>\n

\u2026<\/p>\n

\u00c7\u0131kartmaya karar verseydin<\/p>\n

Y\u00fcre\u011fimdeki dikeni<\/p>\n

Senin aya\u011f\u0131ndaki de<\/p>\n

Yok olur giderdi<\/p>\n

Sen de ben de<\/p>\n

\u00d6zg\u00fcr olurduk ve karde\u015f.<\/p>\n

Zakar, ge\u00e7mi\u015fte tamam\u0131 Ermeni olan Kayseri\u2019nin Ekrek K\u00f6y\u00fc\u2019nde ge\u00e7en y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ortas\u0131nda d\u00fcnyaya gelmi\u015ftir. 1915 Soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 \u00f6ncesinde n\u00fcfusunun tamam\u0131 Ermeni olan Ekrek zengin bir k\u00f6yd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

K\u00f6y co\u011frafi olarak \u00f6nemli bir yerde bulunuyor. Ankara. Kayseri, Sivas, Ma\u00adlatya karayolu tam bizim k\u00f6y\u00fcn ortas\u0131ndan ge\u00e7erdi.<\/em>\u00a0K\u00f6y\u00fcn ge\u00e7mi\u015fiyle ilgili az da olsa ara\u015ft\u0131rma yapt\u0131m. N\u00fcfus say\u0131mlar\u0131nda 2700-3000 ki\u015finin ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir k\u00f6y olarak kayda ge\u00e7mi\u015f. N\u00fcfusunun tamam\u0131 Ermenilerden olu\u015fan, iki Ermeni okulunun, iki Ermeni kilisesinin bulundu\u011fu bir k\u00f6y. Zaman\u0131nda geli\u015fmi\u015f bir yerle\u015fimmi\u015f, pek \u00e7ok esnafa, zanaatk\u00e2ra sahipmi\u015f. K\u00f6y\u00fcn Ermeni Mezarl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ziyaret edilirse bu geli\u015fmi\u015flik net olarak g\u00f6z\u00fck\u00fcr<\/em>.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

1915\u2019le birlikte bo\u015falt\u0131l\u0131yor. Bir k\u0131sm\u0131 s\u00fcrg\u00fcne g\u00f6nderiliyor, bir k\u0131sm\u0131 o b\u00f6l\u00adgede katlediliyor.<\/p>\n

Zakar Ermenilerin g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze uzanan tarih\u00ee ger\u00e7ekli\u011finin naklinde nettir:<\/p>\n

1915\u2019in hemen \u00f6ncesinde Osmanl\u0131 n\u00fcfusunun y\u00fczde 25\u2019i H\u0131ristiyanlardan, Ermeni ve Rumlardan olu\u015fuyordu. \u015eimdi ise binde birin alt\u0131nda. Aradan y\u00fcz y\u0131ldan uzun bir s\u00fcre ge\u00e7ti ama bu tarihle bir t\u00fcrl\u00fc y\u00fczle\u015filemedi. Bu konu T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin ana sorunlar\u0131ndan biri olmaya devam ediyor. Baba taraf\u0131m kos\u00adkoca bir s\u00fclaleymi\u015f, bu yok edilenler aras\u0131nda yer al\u0131yor.<\/em><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Kurulu\u015f<\/em>\u00a0ve\u00a0kurtulu\u015f<\/em>un temeli olan bu ger\u00e7eklikle y\u00fczle\u015filememe b\u00fct\u00fcn sorunlar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n kayna\u011f\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u2019dan \u00e7ok az Ermeni k\u00f6y\u00fcne d\u00f6nebilmi\u015ftir. Ailesi k\u00f6y\u00fcn son Ermeni ailesi olup 1957 y\u0131l\u0131nda her \u015feylerini geride b\u0131rakarak \u0130stanbul\u2019a g\u00f6\u00e7m\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. \u201cK\u00f6y\u00fcn son Ermeni’si bizim ailemizdi. Biz ayr\u0131ld\u0131ktan sonra k\u00f6yde Ermeni olarak kimse kalmad\u0131\u2026 Topraklar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131, her \u015feyimizi b\u0131rakt\u0131k. H\u00e2l\u00e2 tapular bizim \u00fczerimizde, ancak k\u00f6yl\u00fclerce i\u015fgal edilmi\u015f, onlar taraf\u0131ndan ekilip bi\u00e7iliyor. Evimiz ise y\u0131k\u0131lm\u0131\u015f.\u201d<\/p>\n

\"\"1950\u2019lerdeki k\u00f6y\u00fcn durumunu tasvir ederken asl\u0131nda, 1915 sonras\u0131 Anadolu Ermenilerinin ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131 k\u0131saca \u00f6zetler. K\u00f6yde ailesinin d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda \u201canneannemler, bir de k\u00f6yde de\u011firmen sahibi, M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f bir aile vard\u0131. K\u00f6yde bu i\u015fi yapan ba\u015fka de\u011firmenci olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in, din de\u011fi\u015ftirip M\u00fcsl\u00fcman olmas\u0131 \u015fart\u0131yla 1915\u2019te s\u00fcrg\u00fcne g\u00f6nderilmemi\u015f, istemeyerek de olsa M\u00fcsl\u00fcman olmu\u015f, \u00f6l\u00fcmden kurtulmu\u015f. Annemin k\u0131z karde\u015flerinden biri bu aileye gelin gitmi\u015fti. Benim annem bu k\u00f6yden, babam ise Yozgat\u2019tan ve 1901 do\u011fumlu.\u201d<\/p>\n

\u0130yi bir g\u00f6zlemci olan Zakar, Ekrek\u2019i ve Kayseri\u2019yi ve Ermeni ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131 ola\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc bir ayr\u0131nt\u0131yla resmeder.<\/p>\n

K\u00fclt\u00fcrel soyk\u0131r\u0131ma da dikkat \u00e7ekerek Anadolu\u2019da kalan Ermeni k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn izlerinin \u00f6zg\u00fcn bir barbarl\u0131k g\u00f6sterisiyle silinmelerini \u00f6rnekler, her yerde oldu\u011fu gibi; hanelerden, okul, kilise ve mezarl\u0131ktan bir \u015fey b\u0131rak\u0131lmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u201c[Evlerin] Ermenilere ait olanlar\u0131n sadece temel izleri var. Y\u0131kt\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, birinin ta\u015flar\u0131yla g\u00f6\u00e7menler mahallesinde cami yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f. O kiliselerden birini annem hat\u0131rl\u0131\u00adyordu, yerini biliyordu. Ben de temel ta\u015flar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6rd\u00fcm.\u201d<\/p>\n

Y\u00f6neticilerin Ermeni k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcne ili\u015fkin d\u00fc\u015fmanca tav\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6rnekler:<\/p>\n

K\u00f6ye girdi\u011finiz zaman sol tarafta kar\u015f\u0131m\u0131za bir d\u00fczl\u00fck, tepe \u00e7\u0131kar. Ermeni mezarl\u0131klar\u0131ndan ve kiliselerinden biri oradaym\u0131\u015f. K\u00e2z\u0131m Karabekir tam bi\u00adzim k\u00f6y\u00fcn ortas\u0131ndan ge\u00e7en karayolu \u00fczerinden do\u011fuya gidiyor. \u201cD\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fte bu kiliseyi g\u00f6rmeyece\u011fim\u201d diyor. \u00d6nce kazma, k\u00fcrek, balyozla y\u0131kmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015flar, ba\u015faramay\u0131nca Ermenilere kurban kestirerek dinamitlerle havaya u\u00e7urmu\u015flar. Annem \u015fahit olmu\u015f\u2026<\/em>\u00a0Oradaki mezar ta\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 da g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcp ev vb. yapm\u0131\u015flar.<\/em><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Babas\u0131n\u0131n hik\u00e2yesinin bamba\u015fka oldu\u011funun alt\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7izerek trajik hik\u00e2yesini nakleder. Tesad\u00fcfen hayatta kalan Ermeni yetimlerinin ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131n k\u0131sa \u00f6zeti gibidir bu.<\/p>\n

Zor bir hayat\u0131m\u0131z vard\u0131 o k\u00f6yde. \u00c7ok iyi kom\u015fular\u0131m\u0131z, \u00e7ok iyi arkada\u015fla\u00adr\u0131m\u0131z vard\u0131, ama bir o kadar da k\u00f6t\u00fcleri vard\u0131. Hepsini ayn\u0131 kaba koymak m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fil\u2026 Birilerinin ablalar\u0131mda g\u00f6z\u00fc oldu\u011funu, ka\u00e7\u0131racaklar\u0131n\u0131 duyard\u0131m. Okulda de\u011fil ama sabah evden \u00e7\u0131k\u0131p okula gider\u00adken, yolda e\u015fek kadar adamlardan \u00e7ok tokat yedim, \u201cUlan g\u00e2vur, ha\u00e7 \u00e7\u0131kart\u201d diye. Saliha, ne kadar k\u00f6t\u00fc bir \u015fey, biliyor musun? Ha\u00e7 nedir bilmezdim.<\/em><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Evlenme ya\u015f\u0131na gelmi\u015f ablalar\u0131n\u0131n geleceklerinden kayg\u0131lanan anne ve babas\u0131, hi\u00e7 kimseye haber vermeden, bir gece iki par\u00e7a e\u015fyalar\u0131n\u0131 bir kam\u00adyona y\u00fckleyip k\u00f6y\u00fc terk ederler.<\/p>\n

Zakar, anlat\u0131mlar\u0131nda herkesi ayn\u0131 kefeye koymaz. \u0130lk \u00f6\u011fretmeninin yeri ayr\u0131d\u0131r, sonras\u0131nda kendisinde iz b\u0131rakan \u00f6\u011fretmenlerini de iyi s\u00f6zlerle anm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u00c7al\u0131\u015fma ya\u015fam\u0131nda kimileriyle yollar\u0131 kesi\u015fmi\u015f, arkada\u015f olmu\u015flar, birlikte \u00fcretim yapm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. Ancak ilk \u00f6\u011fretmenine burada biraz daha fazla yer vermeyi bor\u00e7 bilirim.<\/p>\n

Bir \u00f6\u011fretmenimiz vard\u0131, daha son\u00adra sosyalist hareket i\u00e7inde yer alm\u0131\u015f Pazar\u00f6ren \u00d6\u011fretmen Okulu mezunu Mustafa Al\u0131mc\u0131, \u00e7ok iyi bir insand\u0131, ailemizin koruyucu mele\u011fiydi, zaman za\u00adman e\u015fiyle birlikte g\u00fcnd\u00fcz g\u00f6z\u00fcne bize gelirler ve geceleri bizde yatarlard\u0131. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc baz\u0131 geceler evimiz ta\u015flan\u0131rd\u0131.<\/em><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Bu durumu \u00e7ok iyi bilirim, 90\u2019l\u0131 y\u0131llarda Hakk\u00e2ri ve \u00c7ukurca\u2019dayken ak\u015fam u\u011frad\u0131\u011f\u0131m evlerde gece b\u0131rakmazlard\u0131. Benim oldu\u011fum yere bask\u0131n yap\u0131lamaz, gece rahat uyunurdu.<\/p>\n

Okuyucular\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n bilgilenmesi i\u00e7in<\/em>\u00a0vurgusuyla Soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u2019\u0131n Ermeni toplumundaki tan\u0131mlanmas\u0131n\u0131 payla\u015f\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Ermenilerin 1915\u2019i nas\u0131l hat\u0131rlad\u0131klar\u0131, and\u0131klar\u0131 konusunda birinci a\u011f\u0131zdan birka\u00e7 c\u00fcmle s\u00f6ylemek isterim. B\u00fcy\u00fck\u00adlerimiz ya\u015fad\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 genellikle\u00a0\u00e7art<\/em>\u00a0(k\u0131r\u0131m, katliam) olarak anlat\u0131rlar. Ya\u015fa\u00add\u0131klar\u0131 zaman diliminden bahsederken\u00a0\u2018\u00e7arta<\/em>\u00a0giderken\u2019, \u2018\u00e7art zaman\u0131\u2019 der\u00adler. Zaman zaman da\u00a0ka\u011ft<\/em>\u00a0(g\u00f6\u00e7) olarak nitelerler. \u00d6rne\u011fin\u00a0\u2018Ka\u011ft<\/em>\u00a0zaman\u0131 o daha kundaktayd\u0131\u2019,\u00a0\u2018Ka\u011ftaganlar<\/em>\u00a0(g\u00f6\u00e7emenler, s\u00fcrg\u00fcnler) Sivas\u2019ta toplan\u00add\u0131k ve Suriye \u00e7\u00f6llerine do\u011fru s\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fck\u2019 derler. Baz\u0131 anlat\u0131larda ise bu nite\u00adlemenin yerini\u00a0aksor<\/em>\u00a0(s\u00fcrg\u00fcn) s\u0131fat\u0131 al\u0131r.\u00a0\u2018Aksora<\/em>\u00a0giderken\u2019,\u00a0\u2018aksor<\/em>\u00a0zaman\u0131\u2019 derler. Daha sonraki y\u0131llarda ise\u00a0medz ye\u011fern<\/em>\u00a0(b\u00fcy\u00fck felaket, b\u00fcy\u00fck su\u00e7), 1944 y\u0131l\u0131ndan itibaren ise\u00a0tse\u011fasbanutyun<\/em>\u00a0(soyk\u0131r\u0131m) olarak adland\u0131rmaya ba\u015flad\u0131lar.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\u0130stanbul\u2019daki e\u011fitim ya\u015fam\u0131 \u00fcst\u00fcne konu\u015furken, Ermeni e\u011fitim ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131n s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, kurumlar\u0131n\u0131n ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 zorluklar\u0131n\u0131\u2026 vs. payla\u015f\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Daha sonraki y\u0131llarda okudum, \u00f6\u011frendim. O tarihlerde Anadolu\u2019daki iki bini a\u015fk\u0131n Ermeni okulundan bir tanesi bile ayakta kalmam\u0131\u015f. \u00dc\u00e7 bini a\u015fk\u0131n kili\u00adseden ise \u00fc\u00e7 be\u015f tanesi a\u00e7\u0131k\u2026\u00a0<\/em>Ermenilerin m\u00fclkiyetindeki iki bin kilise ve manast\u0131rdan geriye Kayseri, Diyarbak\u0131r, Mardin, \u0130skenderun ve Hatay Samanda\u011f\u0131 kiliseleri kald\u0131, hepsi bu<\/em>. Okul ise hi\u00e7 yok\u2026<\/em><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Devlet \u00f6yle bir ayarlama yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r ki \u0130stanbul d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki Ermenileri topraklar\u0131n\u0131 terke mecbur b\u0131rakarak g\u00f6\u00e7 ettirir. 1915\u2019in g\u00f6lgesinde kalan Ermeni katliamlar\u0131ndan s\u00f6z eder. Yetimhanelerin toplumsal temelini payla\u015f\u0131r ve dayan\u0131\u015fma mekanizmalar\u0131n\u0131n kurulmas\u0131 ve g\u00fc\u00e7lendirilmelerini, \u0130stanbul Ermenilerinin giderek ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131n zorla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6rnekler.\u00a0Vatanda\u015f T\u00fcrk\u00e7e Konu\u015f<\/em>\u00a0deh\u015fetini ya\u015fad\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131, \u00f6\u011fretmenlerin konu\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131n sat\u0131r aralar\u0131nda s\u00f6ylediklerini not ald\u0131klar\u0131 ve g\u00f6z\u00fc gibi bak\u0131p saklamak zorunda olduklar\u0131 kara kapl\u0131 defterlerinden s\u00f6z ederken burulmamak elde de\u011fildir. T\u00fcrkiye \u0130\u015f\u00e7i Partisi i\u00e7inde siyasalla\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 naklederken partide etkilendi\u011fi Sarkis \u00c7erkezyan\u2019dan s\u00f6z etmeden ge\u00e7mez.<\/p>\n

\u0130stanbul\u2019un Ermenileri anlat\u0131m\u0131na geni\u015f yer ay\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Mahalleleri, i\u015fyerleri, i\u015fkollar\u0131\u2026 vs. ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 naklederken ge\u00e7en y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n Ermeni sosyal ve ekonomik ya\u015fam\u0131 bir film \u015feridi gibi g\u00f6zlerimizin \u00f6n\u00fcnden ge\u00e7er.<\/p>\n

S\u00f6yle\u015fide Ermeni toplumun kendini g\u00fcvende hissetmemesine s\u0131ra geldi\u011finde, buna neden olan k\u0131r\u0131lma noktalar\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6rnekleriyle anlat\u0131r:<\/p>\n

G\u00fcvende hissetmeme de var, taciz edilme de var. Herkesin taciz edilmesi \u015fart de\u011fil, \u00f6yle bir \u015fey yapars\u0131n ki b\u00fct\u00fcn toplum bunu hisseder.<\/em>\u00a0\u201cVatanda\u015f T\u00fcrk\u00e7e Konu\u015f\u201d dersin, yeterli olur. Bir Hrant Dink\u2019i \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcrs\u00fcn ya da Trabzon\u2019da bir papaz\u0131 kesersin ya da Samatya\u2019daki bir kad\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcrs\u00fcn, yeterli<\/em>\u00a0olabilir. 1915 b\u00fcy\u00fck k\u0131r\u0131lma; Varl\u0131k Vergisi, 6-7 Eyl\u00fcl di\u011fer k\u0131r\u0131lma tarihleri. Samatya, Yedikule hatt\u0131 6-7 Eyl\u00fcl\u2019\u00fcn en \u015fiddetli ya\u015fand\u0131\u011f\u0131, kiliselerin yak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir aks olmu\u015f. Amcamlar alt katlar\u0131ndaki emekli bir komiser sayesinde o vah\u015fetten kurtulmu\u015flar. Daha sonra 60, 70, 80, her on y\u0131lda bir yap\u0131lan darbeler de ayn\u0131 zamanda Ermeniler i\u00e7in k\u0131r\u0131lma noktalar\u0131 olmu\u015f, kendilerini g\u00fcvende hissetmemi\u015fler, az ya da \u00e7ok, baz\u0131lar\u0131 kitlesel g\u00f6\u00e7 vermi\u015fler.<\/em><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

S\u00f6yle\u015fiyi T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de Ermeni olmak gibi okumak da m\u00fcmk\u00fcn: Mahallede, okulda, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma hayat\u0131nda, evlilikte kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya kald\u0131\u011f\u0131 durumlar\u0131 payla\u015f\u0131r. Evlilik s\u00fcrecinde Jale\u2019nin ailesinin so\u011fuklu\u011funu, kay\u0131npederinin, \u201cO\u011flum, mahalleye ne s\u00f6yleyecektik? Ermeniye k\u0131z m\u0131 veriyoruz diyecektik,\u201d c\u00fcmlesi yeterince a\u00e7\u0131klay\u0131c\u0131d\u0131r.\u00a0Enternasyonalist\u00a0<\/em>iddial\u0131 arkada\u015flar\u0131ndan baz\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n bile evliliklerine kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131 ayr\u0131mc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n boyutlar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6stermesi bak\u0131m\u0131ndan ilgin\u00e7tir.<\/p>\n

Ayr\u0131mc\u0131l\u0131k her yerdedir. \u00c7ocuklar\u0131n\u0131n e\u011fitiminde kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 sorunlar\u0131 payla\u015f\u0131r. Oda se\u00e7imlerinde listeden d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fc\u015f\u00fcne Ermeni olmas\u0131n\u0131n neden oldu\u011funu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcr: \u201cNubar a\u011fabey (Acemyan) beni uyarm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Biz geldi\u011fimizde Odadayd\u0131. Bana dedi ki, \u2018gen\u00e7sin, ate\u015flisin ama Ermeni\u2019sin. Dikkat et.\u2019\u201d<\/p>\n

\u00d6\u011frencili\u011finden ve e\u011fitim \u00e7a\u011f\u0131nda kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 sorunlardan bahsederken e\u011fitim sistemi de ele\u015ftiriden pay\u0131n\u0131 al\u0131r. Ayr\u0131mc\u0131l\u0131\u011fa bir kere daha parmak basm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r:<\/p>\n

Genel olarak bu temel derslere \u00f6nem verirdim, bilin\u00e7li oldu\u011fumu s\u00f6yleyebi\u00adlirim. Bug\u00fcn d\u00f6n\u00fcp geriye bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131mda sanat ve mimarl\u0131k tarihi gibi derslere gerekli \u00f6nemin verilmedi\u011fini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyorum. Pek \u00e7ok konunun y\u00fczeysel olarak ele al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, baz\u0131 konulara ise hi\u00e7 girilmedi\u011fini g\u00f6r\u00fcyorum. \u00d6rne\u011fin cami ko\u00adnusu i\u015flenirken kilise, havra gibi yap\u0131 sanat\u0131n\u0131n temel ta\u015flar\u0131n\u0131 okumad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyorum, i\u015flendi ve benim dikkatimden ka\u00e7t\u0131ysa ayr\u0131 bir konu, \u00f6rne\u011fin Roma ve Bizans s\u00f6z d\u00fczeyinde kald\u0131. Ermeni, Rum, S\u00fcryani sanat\u0131n\u0131n laf\u0131 bile edilmedi. Uygarl\u0131k, k\u00fclt\u00fcr gibi konular hep pas ge\u00e7ildi. Bu devasa zengin\u00adli\u011fi s\u0131n\u0131f olarak ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirdi\u011fimiz bir iki teknik gezide fark etmi\u015ftim.<\/em><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Lise y\u0131llar\u0131ndan beri devam eden siyasi ya\u015fam\u0131nda, \u00f6zellikle 12 Eyl\u00fcl s\u00fcrecinde g\u00f6zalt\u0131nda i\u015fkenceyi anlat\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Ben \u00f6zellikle 12 Eyl\u00fcl\u2019de tutukland\u0131\u011f\u0131m zaman sorguda ya\u015fad\u0131m. Sorgu odas\u0131na giderken d\u0131\u015far\u0131da koridor\u00adda bekletiyorlard\u0131, g\u00f6zleriniz filan ba\u011fl\u0131yken. Aniden pata, k\u00fcte yumruklar sopalarla giri\u015firlerdi, \u201cUlan g\u00e2vur, sana m\u0131 kald\u0131 kom\u00fcnist olmak, mem\u00adleketi kurtarmak?\u201d diyerek. O kaba i\u015fkence, sorgu odas\u0131nda bamba\u015fka y\u00f6ntemlerle devam ederdi.<\/em><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Diyarbak\u0131r\u2019da yedek subay askerli\u011finden s\u00f6z ederken 12 Eyl\u00fcl Diyarbak\u0131r\u2019\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6zetlemi\u015ftir. Tan\u0131k oldu\u011fu vah\u015feti payla\u015f\u0131r: \u201c\u00c7ok k\u00f6t\u00fc \u015feyler g\u00f6rd\u00fcm ben orada, \u00f6l\u00fcleri de g\u00f6rd\u00fcm, i\u015fkence g\u00f6r\u00fcp gelenleri de. \u0130\u00e7eri ad\u0131m atamayan insanlar bile g\u00f6rd\u00fcm, otob\u00fcsle getirilen \u00f6lm\u00fc\u015f birini g\u00f6rd\u00fcm, al\u0131p g\u00f6t\u00fcrd\u00fcler geri. Yani o anlamda \u00e7ok korkun\u00e7tu\u2026\u201d<\/p>\n

Askerdeyken g\u00f6zalt\u0131na al\u0131n\u0131r. G\u00f6zalt\u0131 merkezini tasvir eder. Diyarbak\u0131r gibi \u0130stanbul da korkun\u00e7tur:<\/p>\n

\u00c7apa \u00d6\u011fretmen Okulunu kararg\u00e2h yapm\u0131\u015flar, toplad\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nce oraya g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcyorlar. Sabaha kar\u015f\u0131 bir albay ald\u0131 beni, yedek subay oldu\u011fum i\u00e7in sivilin de\u011fil de askerin almas\u0131 gerekiyormu\u015f. Birka\u00e7 saat orada kald\u0131m. Bir ciple, do\u011fru Gayrettepe birinci \u015fubeye g\u00f6t\u00fcrd\u00fcler. 30 k\u00fcsur g\u00fcn kald\u0131m orada; sorgu s\u00fcreci, m\u00fcthi\u015f bir i\u015fkence fasl\u0131. H\u00fccrede kal\u0131yorsun, ama \u00fcst \u00fcste insanlar, 5 ki\u015fi, 6 ki\u015fi, 7 ki\u015fi, yani \u00e7\u00f6melecek yer bulursan dua et, o kadar kalabal\u0131kt\u0131… Bir sorgumda\u2026 Bir setin \u00fczerine \u00e7\u0131\u00adkard\u0131lar. Pencerenin parapeti oldu\u011funu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fcm. Bir anda ittiler. K\u00fct diye yere d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcm. Me\u011ferse bir sandalye \u00fczerine \u00e7\u0131karm\u0131\u015flar, oradan itmi\u015fler\u2026 Anlat\u0131lacak gibi de\u011fil. Ben de o i\u015fkenceleri ya\u015fad\u0131m, hatta birinci \u015fubeden sonra ikinci kez Merkez Komutanl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ya\u015fad\u0131m\u2026\u00a0<\/em>Hem sivil, hem asker i\u015fbirli\u011fi i\u00e7inde, yani sivil de var, asker de var. Bir sopa elinde b\u00f6yle \u201cOoo beyefendi, ho\u015f geldiniz. Seni \u00e7\u00f6zememi\u015fler birinci \u015fu\u00adbede, ben seni \u00e7\u00f6zece\u011fim\u201d dedi. Hareketlerinden bir psikopat oldu\u011funu hissettim. \u201cAnlat bakal\u0131m\u201d dedi. \u201cNe anlatay\u0131m? Siz sorun\u201d dedim. G\u00f6zlerim art\u0131k a\u00e7\u0131k.<\/em>\u00a0\u201cYok, buraya gelip pa\u015fa pa\u015fa gitmek, var m\u0131 \u00f6yle kolayl\u0131k” dedi. Ba\u015flad\u0131 sopayla bald\u0131rlar\u0131ma vurmaya, nas\u0131l vuruyor, nas\u0131l vuruyor akl\u0131n durur. Kaba bir dayak ama \u00e7ok \u015fiddetli, \u00f6b\u00fcr tarafta elektri\u011fi var. \u015eusu busu var, falakas\u0131, ask\u0131s\u0131 var ama bu g\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcn \u00f6n\u00fcnde b\u00f6yle kal\u0131n bir sopa ile vuruyor da vuruyor. Neyse, iki \u00fc\u00e7 g\u00fcn boyunca herif gidip gelip o sopayla beni \u00f6ld\u00fcresiye d\u00f6vd\u00fc, b\u00fct\u00fcn v\u00fccudum morard\u0131. Kemiklerim k\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131 zannettim\u2026 \u00dc\u00e7 g\u00fcn filan orada kald\u0131m, anamdan emdi\u011fim s\u00fct burnumdan geldi\u2026 Oradan Harbiye\u2019ye getirdiler, Selimiye\u2019ye g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fclecek\u00adlerin konaklama merkezi. Bir hafta Harbiye\u2019de kald\u0131m ve Selimiye\u2019ye g\u00f6t\u00fc\u00adr\u00fcld\u00fcm.<\/em><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Bu arada e\u015fi Jale d\u0131\u015far\u0131da Zakar\u2019\u0131 aramaktad\u0131r. Jale\u2019nin cesaretini kutlamamak elde de\u011fil. \u201c<\/em>Jale ancak 20 k\u00fcsur g\u00fcn sonra Gayrettepe\u2019de oldu\u011fumu \u00f6\u011freniyor. Ve deli cesareti, elinde \u00e7i\u00e7eklerle do\u011fum g\u00fcn\u00fc m\u00fc, evlilik y\u0131ld\u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fc m\u00fc ne, kut\u00adlamak i\u00e7in oraya gelmi\u015f, ilk irtibat\u0131m \u015fubedeyken oldu. Uzun hik\u00e2ye, izimi s\u00fcrerek oraya getirildi\u011fimi \u00f6\u011frenmi\u015f\u2026\u201d<\/p>\n

\u0130\u015f hayat\u0131n\u0131 ve \u00fcretimine, restorasyonuna kat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 anlat\u0131rken sanki \u00f6\u011frencilerine ders verir gibidir. S\u00f6yle\u015fi, bu a\u00e7\u0131dan mimarl\u0131k e\u011fitiminde temel ders kitaplar\u0131ndan bir olarak okutulabilir. Zira, tasar\u0131mda ve uygulamada neler yap\u0131lmamas\u0131, neler yap\u0131lmas\u0131 ve nelerin dikkate al\u0131nmas\u0131 ile ilgili say\u0131s\u0131z teorik ve pratik bilgilerle s\u00fcslenmi\u015f doyurucu dok\u00fcmanlar i\u00e7eriyor. Ahtamar Surp Ha\u00e7 Kilisesi\u2019nin restorasyonu hem bir tarih hem de bir restorasyon dersidir. \u201cYeri geldi\u011finde imparatorluklara ba\u015fkentlik yapm\u0131\u015f tarihi \u015fehirlerden bahsediyoruz. Bu \u00fclkenin yap\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan bir k\u00fclt\u00fcrel envanteri yok,\u201d s\u00f6zleriyle toplumsal haf\u0131zay\u0131 sorgular. Hrant Dink Vakf\u0131 ile yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 envanter \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6rnekler.<\/p>\n

Mesle\u011finden ve \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131ndan s\u00f6z ederken k\u00fcrs\u00fcde bir ders veren \u00f6\u011fretmen ve bin y\u0131llar\u0131n birikimini payla\u015f\u0131r gibidir:<\/p>\n

Benim i\u00e7in mimarl\u0131k bir meslek olman\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra ayn\u0131 zamanda bir ya\u015fam bi\u00e7imi oldu. Elbette mesleki teknik e\u011fitimin \u00f6nemi var, ama ben pek \u00e7ok insan\u0131n da mimar oldu\u011funu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnenlerdenim. Bana g\u00f6re mimar olmak i\u00e7in illa e\u011fitim almak gerekmiyor. Mimar olmay\u0131p da \u00fcnl\u00fc eserleri olanlar\u0131n ya da sivil mimarl\u0131k olarak adland\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z \u00e7ok say\u0131da eserin mimarlar taraf\u0131ndan tasarlanmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, bug\u00fcnk\u00fc k\u00f6klerimizin \u201cdeneysel mimarl\u0131k\u201d denen bir kav\u00adrama dayand\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyorum.<\/em><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Deneysel mimarl\u0131k ile ilgili s\u00f6zleri, bir diplomal\u0131n\u0131n akl\u0131ndan ge\u00e7meyecek \u015feylerdir. Bin y\u0131llar\u0131n deneyimini k\u00fcrs\u00fcye \u00e7\u0131karm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Ermeni halk\u0131n\u0131n haf\u0131zas\u0131 Sarkis Seropyan\u2019\u0131n \u00f6nc\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde ba\u015flayan\u00a0Ermeni K\u00fclt\u00fcr \u0130zleri<\/em>\u00a0gezileri bir bak\u0131ma bir tarih \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 oldu\u011fu kadar bir Ermeni k\u00fclt\u00fcr envanteridir. \u201cBir uygarl\u0131\u011f\u0131n nas\u0131l yok edildi\u011fini g\u00f6r\u00fcyorsun,\u201d s\u00f6z\u00fc hepimize y\u00f6nelik bir sitem de\u011fil midir?<\/p>\n

Y\u00fcre\u011fine sa\u011fl\u0131k Zakar\u2026<\/p>\n

\n

[1]<\/a>\u00a0Saliha Aslan (s\u00f6y.),\u00a0Mimarlar Odas\u0131 Tarihinden Portreler, Zakarya Mildano\u011flu, H. B\u00fclent Tuna (ed.), TMMOB Mimarlar Odas\u0131 \u0130stanbul B\u00fcy\u00fckkent \u015eubesi Yay\u0131nlar\u0131, 2021.<\/em><\/p>\n

https:\/\/birikimdergisi.com\/guncel\/10939\/turkiyede-ermeni-mimar-olmak\u00a0<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Sait \u00c7etino\u011flu Mimarlar Odas\u0131 \u0130stanbul B\u00fcy\u00fckkent \u015eubesi\u2019nin,\u00a0Mimarlar Odas\u0131 Tarihinden\u00a0Portreler[1]\u00a0serisinden Zakarya Mildano\u011flu ile yap\u0131lan s\u00f6yle\u015fi kitapla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131larak okurlara sunuldu. S\u00f6yle\u015finin meslekta\u015f ve birbirlerini \u00e7ok uzun zamand\u0131r tan\u0131yan iki arkada\u015f aras\u0131nda yap\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n da s\u00f6yle\u015fiye ayr\u0131 bir tat katt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ekleyelim. S\u00f6yle\u015finin bu karakteri s\u00f6yle\u015fiye ola\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc bir derinlik, s\u00fcr\u00fckleyicilik ve zenginlik katm\u0131\u015f. S\u00f6yle\u015fi \u00e7ocuklu\u011fu ve e\u011fitim hayat\u0131, politik ya\u015fam\u0131, meslek\u00ee […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":78706,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1,54,70,19],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-78705","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-haberler","category-kitaplar-elestiriler","category-makaleler","category-unluler"],"yoast_head":"\nT\u00fcrkiye\u2019de Ermeni Mimar Olmak - Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=78705\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de Ermeni Mimar Olmak - Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Sait \u00c7etino\u011flu Mimarlar Odas\u0131 \u0130stanbul B\u00fcy\u00fckkent \u015eubesi\u2019nin,\u00a0Mimarlar Odas\u0131 Tarihinden\u00a0Portreler[1]\u00a0serisinden Zakarya Mildano\u011flu ile yap\u0131lan s\u00f6yle\u015fi kitapla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131larak okurlara sunuldu. S\u00f6yle\u015finin meslekta\u015f ve birbirlerini \u00e7ok uzun zamand\u0131r tan\u0131yan iki arkada\u015f aras\u0131nda yap\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n da s\u00f6yle\u015fiye ayr\u0131 bir tat katt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ekleyelim. S\u00f6yle\u015finin bu karakteri s\u00f6yle\u015fiye ola\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc bir derinlik, s\u00fcr\u00fckleyicilik ve zenginlik katm\u0131\u015f. 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