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Bulgur Palas, \u0130BB taraf\u0131ndan hayata d\u00f6nd\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc. Peki, \u0130stanbul\u2019un her devir m\u00fctevazi, yoksul kalm\u0131\u015f bu semtinde bu Avrupai \u015fatonun ne i\u015fi vard\u0131? \u0130stanbul\u2019daki saraya kar\u015f\u0131 h\u00fcrriyet ate\u015fiyle Makedonya\u2019n\u0131n Ohri Da\u011flar\u0131\u2019na \u00e7\u0131kan bir idealist kola\u011fas\u0131n\u0131n, \u0130stanbul\u2019un yedi tepesinden birine bir saray in\u015fa ettirmesiyle biten ibretlik bir hikaye bu.<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n Y\u0131ld\u0131ray O\u011fur<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n \u0130stanbul\u2019un yedinci tepesi kabul edilen Fatih Kocamustafapa\u015fa\u2019da civardan ge\u00e7en herkesin g\u00f6z\u00fcne muhakkak \u00e7arpm\u0131\u015f olan g\u00f6rkemli, kuleli metruk k\u00f6\u015fk, yani Bulgur Palas, 2022 y\u0131l\u0131nda son sahibi Garanti Bankas\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan sat\u0131l\u0131\u011fa \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131ld\u0131, \u0130BB taraf\u0131ndan sat\u0131n al\u0131nd\u0131, restore edildi ve ge\u00e7en hafta \u00e7ok g\u00fczel bir k\u00fclt\u00fcr merkezi, k\u00fct\u00fcphane, cafe olarak a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n Peki, \u0130stanbul\u2019un her devir m\u00fctevazi, yoksul kalm\u0131\u015f bu semtinde bu Avrupai \u015fatonun ne i\u015fi vard\u0131?<\/p>\n \u0130stanbul\u2019daki saraya kar\u015f\u0131 h\u00fcrriyet ate\u015fiyle Makedonya\u2019n\u0131n Ohri Da\u011flar\u0131\u2019na \u00e7\u0131kan bir idealist kola\u011fas\u0131n\u0131n, \u0130stanbul\u2019un yedi tepesinden birine bir saray in\u015fa ettirmesiyle biten ibretlik hikaye\u00a01878 y\u0131l\u0131nda Bolu\u2019da ba\u015fl\u0131yor.<\/p>\n Bolu\u2019dan kalk\u0131p \u0130stanbul\u2019daki Harbiye Mektebi\u2019ni top\u00e7u subay\u0131 olarak bitiren Mehmet Habib Bey, kola\u011fas\u0131 r\u00fctbesiyle Manast\u0131r\u2019a tayin olur.<\/p>\n Buradaki askeri okulda \u0130n\u015faat\u0131 Askeriyye \u00d6\u011fretmenli\u011fi yapar.<\/p>\n Onun Manast\u0131r\u2019da oldu\u011fu 1900\u2019lerin ba\u015f\u0131nda o y\u0131llar\u0131n gen\u00e7 subaylar\u0131 Enver Pa\u015fa ve Kaz\u0131m Karabekir de Manast\u0131r\u2019dad\u0131r.<\/p>\n K\u0131sa bir s\u00fcre sonra \u0130ttihat ve Terakki Cemiyeti ile birle\u015fecek, II. Abd\u00fclhamit kar\u015f\u0131t\u0131 Selanik merkezli Osmanl\u0131 H\u00fcrriyet Cemiyeti\u2019ni gizli gizli \u00f6rg\u00fctlemektedirler.<\/p>\n Kaz\u0131m Bey, Enver Bey\u2019e cemiyet i\u00e7in birli\u011findeki iki askeri \u00f6nerir. O askerlerden biri kola\u011fas\u0131 Bolulu Habib Bey\u2019dir.<\/p>\n Gizli yemini eder ve cemiyete girer.<\/p>\n \u0130ttihat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n ilk ve en dar halkas\u0131ndad\u0131r art\u0131k.<\/p>\n O kadar ki Resneli Niyazi, Manast\u0131r\u2019da Abd\u00fclhamit\u2019e kar\u015f\u0131 isyan bayra\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kald\u0131r\u0131p h\u00fcrriyet i\u00e7in Ohri Da\u011flar\u0131\u2019na \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131nda mahiyetindeki gen\u00e7 subaylardan biri de Habib Bey\u2019dir.<\/p>\n 23 Temmuz\u2019da H\u00fcrriyet\u2019in \u0130lan\u0131\u2019ndan sonra \u00f6rg\u00fctlemesi i\u00e7in memleketi Bolu\u2019ya g\u00f6nderilir.<\/p>\n Bolu ve \u00e7evresinde \u0130ttihat ve Terakki Cemiyeti\u2019ni kurar.<\/p>\n 21 Ekim 1908\u2019deki se\u00e7imlerde de \u0130ttihat ve Terakki Cemiyeti\u2019nin aday\u0131 olarak Kastamonu Vilayeti\u2019ne ba\u011fl\u0131 Bolu Sanca\u011f\u0131\u2019ndan Meclis-i Mebusan\u2019a se\u00e7ilir.<\/p>\n En yak\u0131n dostu bakanl\u0131k yapm\u0131\u015f, 1914\u2019de Osmanl\u0131\u2019y\u0131 Birinci D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131\u2019na sokan cihat fetvas\u0131n\u0131n alt\u0131nda \u015eeyh\u00fclislam olarak imza atacak \u00dcrg\u00fcpl\u00fc Mustafa Hayri Efendi\u2019dir.<\/p>\n 31 Mart ayaklanmas\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda b\u00fct\u00fcn \u0130ttihat\u00e7\u0131lar sa\u011fa sola ka\u00e7\u0131\u015f\u0131rken, Mustafa Hayri Efendi ile birlikte Ye\u015filk\u00f6y\u2019\u2019deki \u0130ngiliz Kul\u00fcb\u00fc\u2019ne s\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131rlar.<\/p>\n Ayaklanma bast\u0131r\u0131l\u0131nca herkes eski pozisyonuna d\u00f6ner.<\/p>\n Ama 1912\u2019de bu kez Halaskaran-\u0131 Zabitan cuntas\u0131n\u0131n muht\u0131ras\u0131yla H\u00fcrriyet ve \u0130tilaf\u00e7\u0131lar iktidara gelir.<\/p>\n \u0130tilaf\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n az\u0131l\u0131 d\u00fc\u015fmanlar\u0131ndan Habib Bey, kendini \u0130ttihat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n \u00f6nde gelen isimleriyle, bakanlarla birlikte hapiste bulur.<\/p>\n Ko\u011fu\u015fta yak\u0131n dostu Mustafa Hayri Efendi ile birlikte Enver Pa\u015fa\u2019n\u0131n sa\u011f kolu Levaz\u0131m Reisi Topal \u0130smail Hakk\u0131 Pa\u015fa da vard\u0131r.<\/p>\n Sava\u015fta bir aya\u011f\u0131ndan yaraland\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in topal olan \u0130smail Hakk\u0131 Pa\u015fa ile burada kurdu\u011fu dostluk, Bab\u0131ali Bask\u0131n\u0131 ile \u0130ttihat\u00e7\u0131lar iktidar\u0131 yeniden ele ge\u00e7irince ona b\u00fcy\u00fck bir zenginli\u011fin kap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7acakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n 1913\u2019den sonra \u0130ttihat\u00e7\u0131lar, Balkan Sava\u015flar\u0131\u2019n\u0131n, Arnavutluk isyan\u0131n\u0131n da etkisiyle T\u00fcrk\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fck ve millile\u015ftirme politikalar\u0131na h\u0131z verir.<\/p>\n Bu politikalardan biri de Milli \u0130ktisat\u2019t\u0131r.<\/p>\n Milli \u0130ktisat\u2019\u0131n hedefi kapit\u00fclasyonlar ile yabanc\u0131 \u015firketlerin ve geleneksel olarak da Rum, Ermeni, Musevi, Levantenlerin elindeki sermayeyi ve ticareti T\u00fcrkle\u015ftirmekti.<\/p>\n Bunun i\u00e7in g\u00f6rev verilen iki isim; Kara Kemal ve ordunun b\u00fct\u00fcn al\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131 yapan\u00a0Harbiye Nezareti Levaz\u0131m Dairesi Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Topal \u0130smail Hakk\u0131 Pa\u015fa\u2019yd\u0131.<\/p>\n Sava\u015f y\u0131llar\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n Demiryollar\u0131 askeri sevkiyat i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n Bu y\u00fczden g\u0131da sevkiyat\u0131 aksamaktad\u0131r. K\u0131tl\u0131klar ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n Almanlardan yeni vagonlar al\u0131n\u0131r.<\/p>\n Trenlerdeki baz\u0131 vagonlar emtia nakliyesine ayr\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n Ayr\u0131lan vagonlarla halk\u0131n temel ihtiya\u00e7 kalemleri ta\u015f\u0131nmaya ba\u015flan\u0131r: \u015eeker, un, pamuk t\u00fct\u00fcn, pirin\u00e7, bulgur\u2026<\/p>\n Nakliyatta bir tekel olu\u015fmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n Vagonlar\u0131 t\u00fcccarlara kiralama i\u015fi ordunun yani Enver Pa\u015fa\u2019n\u0131n yani Kara Kemal\u2019in ve Topal \u0130smail Hakk\u0131 Pa\u015fa\u2019n\u0131n elindedir.<\/p>\n \u201cVagon inhisar\u0131\u201d b\u00fcy\u00fck bir ayr\u0131cal\u0131k haline gelir.<\/p>\n Bu b\u00fcy\u00fck f\u0131rsat\u0131, f\u0131rsat\u00e7\u0131lar iyi de\u011ferlendirirler.<\/p>\n Cemiyete yak\u0131n isimlere vagonlar d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck kiralarla tahsis edilmeye ba\u015flan\u0131r. \u0130ltimas, r\u00fc\u015fvet, gizli ortakl\u0131klar al\u0131p, ba\u015f\u0131n\u0131 y\u00fcr\u00fcr.<\/p>\n Vagonlar\u0131 kiralayanlar b\u00fct\u00fcn \u00fcr\u00fcnlerde fiyat\u0131 ve da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m\u0131 da kontrol etmeye ba\u015flam\u0131\u015flard\u0131r art\u0131k.<\/p>\n \u0130ttihat ve Terakki Cemiyeti\u2019ne yak\u0131n askerler, k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck b\u00fcrokratlar bir gecede servet sahibi olmaya ba\u015flar.<\/p>\n Bu s\u0131rada yeni iki yeni kelime daha dola\u015f\u0131ma girer: \u0130htikar ve muhtekir\u2026<\/p>\n \u0130htikar yani karaborsad\u0131r.<\/p>\n Mallar\u0131 Anadolu\u2019dan ta\u015f\u0131yan, istifleyen, piyasaya yava\u015f yava\u015f salan vagon t\u00fcccarlar\u0131na ise \u201cmuhtekir\u201d yani \u201cvurguncu\u201d denir.<\/p>\n Halk yokluk \u00e7ekerken, en temel g\u0131da \u00fcr\u00fcnleri bulunmazken, \u00e7o\u011fu devlet memuru olan muhtekirler, vagon t\u00fcccarlar\u0131 h\u0131zla zenginle\u015fmektedir.<\/p>\n Me\u015fhur \u201cHarp zenginleri\u201d ortaya \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n \u0130ltimas, r\u00fc\u015fvet, ihtikar iddialar\u0131n\u0131n merkezinde ise bir isim vard\u0131r: Topal \u0130smail Hakk\u0131 Pa\u015fa.<\/p>\n Ordunun b\u00fct\u00fcn ia\u015fesinden sorumlu, vagonlar\u0131 istedi\u011fine tahsis eden ve b\u00fct\u00fcn bunlardan b\u00fcy\u00fck bir servet sahibi oldu\u011fu iddia edilen pa\u015fa ile \u015fikayetler ayyuka \u00e7\u0131kar.<\/p>\n Talat Pa\u015fa bile \u015fikayetleri Enver Pa\u015fa\u2019ya bildirmi\u015f ama Enver Pa\u015fa yak\u0131n adam\u0131n\u0131 \u201co olmazsa ordu a\u00e7 kal\u0131r\u201d diyerek yedirmemi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n \u201c\u00c7al\u0131yor ama \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yor\u201d savunmas\u0131n\u0131n belki de ilk \u00f6rne\u011fidir bu.<\/p>\n Topal \u0130smail Hakk\u0131 Beyin k\u00f6t\u00fc \u015f\u00f6hreti romanlara bile konu olur.<\/p>\n \u00d6mer Seyfettin, 1919\u2019da ittihat\u00e7\u0131lar devrildikten sonra yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u201cNi\u00e7in Zengin Olmam\u0131\u015f?\u201d adl\u0131 hikayesinde do\u011frudan ad\u0131n\u0131 verecektir:<\/p>\n \u201c\u015eemsi, ilk ayda, bana, anafordan \u00fc\u00e7bin lira kazand\u0131rd\u0131. Do\u011frusu kendisine \u00e7ok m\u00fcte\u015fekkirim. Beni adam etti. Un i\u015fi yap\u0131yoruz. Zaten bundan k\u00e2rl\u0131 bir \u015fey yok. Biraz zahireye de kar\u0131\u015f\u0131yoruz. \u015eeker filan kapat\u0131yoruz. D\u00f6rt ay evvel yazd\u0131klar\u0131m\u0131 okurken g\u00fcl\u00fcmsedim. Vay anas\u0131n\u0131! O sefaletlere nas\u0131l dayanm\u0131\u015f\u0131m! G\u00fcnde yar\u0131m liraya kapal\u0131 bir dershanede be\u015f saat kafa patlatmak! Sonra bu derece sarih bir e\u015fekli\u011fi fazilet zannetmek! Ben, \u00e7ok \u015f\u00fck\u00fcr bu p\u00eer a\u015fk\u0131na s\u00fcr\u00fcnmek faziletini kaybettim. V\u00e2k\u0131a \u015fimdi bulundu\u011fum muhit biraz adi. Fakat katiyyen ukala de\u011fil\u2026 Herkesin emeli, felsefesi, arzusu bir: Para kazanmak!\u2026 A\u00e7\u0131kg\u00f6zl\u00fcl\u00fck en b\u00fcy\u00fck kuvvet\u2026 Ah \u015fu muharebenin ba\u015f\u0131nda ni\u00e7in elimden bir tutan olmad\u0131? Biz h\u00e2l\u00e2 bug\u00fcn\u00fcn fakirleri say\u0131l\u0131r\u0131z. \u015eimdi \u00f6yle adamlar var ki, son iki sene i\u00e7inde on milyon lira kazanm\u0131\u015flar\u2026 Topal ile k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir ortakl\u0131k k\u00e2fi! Balkan trenleri, Anadolu hatt\u0131 bir ay insan i\u00e7in \u00e7al\u0131\u015fsa\u2026\u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n Ortal\u0131k kurulan Topal, Topal \u0130smail Hakk\u0131 Bey\u2019den ba\u015fkas\u0131 de\u011fildir.<\/p>\n H\u00fcseyin Rahmi G\u00fcrp\u0131nar, \u201cHakka S\u0131\u011f\u0131nd\u0131k\u201dta da mevzuya daha da a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a girmi\u015ftir:<\/p>\n \u201c\u00d6yleleri var ki \u0130stanbul\u2019un en \u00e7ukur, en havas\u0131z, en karanl\u0131k mahallelerinden, en adi evlerinden Taksim\u2019in, \u015ei\u015fli\u2019nin en \u00e2l\u00e2, en mualla, en muhte\u015fem k\u00e2\u015fanelerine31 f\u0131rlad\u0131lar\u2026 Zavall\u0131 gazeteci, sen bunlardan birinin Bahriye tayinat\u0131ndan her ay ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 be\u015f y\u00fcz \u00e7ift ekme\u011fi ne yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyorsun\u2026 Bu kadar ekme\u011fe ne miktar kat\u0131k laz\u0131m gelece\u011fini hesaplasana\u2026 Belki yemiyor, sat\u0131yordu. O h\u00e2lde bu harp zaman\u0131n\u0131n kepekli kuru ekme\u011fini irtikap eden bir doymak bilmezin haseb\u00fcl-vazife elinden ge\u00e7en bilyonlarla sar\u0131 liralar\u0131n cazibeleri \u00f6n\u00fcnde \u00e7evirmeyece\u011fi entrika m\u0131 tasavvur olunur? Afiyetle yesinler\u2026 Ah, sen hakikati bilsen v\u00fccudundaki kan tahamm\u00fcl\u00fcnden fazla fayrap edilmi\u015f bir makine gibi damarlar\u0131n\u0131 patlat\u0131r\u2026 Biz can\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 a\u00e7 kurtlara, peynir tulumlar\u0131n\u0131 kedilere emanet etmi\u015ftik, \u015fimdi neye \u00e7\u0131rp\u0131n\u0131yoruz bilmem!..<\/strong><\/p>\n Evet, Hac\u0131 Ferhat Efendi, ya\u011fmur ya\u011farken k\u00fcp\u00fcn\u00fc doldurmu\u015ftu. Servet serveti cezbeder. Talih yard\u0131m etti. Zorbalar\u0131n i\u00e7inde kula\u00e7 att\u0131klar\u0131 ya\u011fma deryas\u0131ndan hanesine bir nehir akmaya ba\u015flad\u0131. \u0130ki k\u0131z\u0131 vard\u0131, ikisini de birer zabite verdi. Damatlar\u0131ndan biri levaz\u0131ma yerle\u015fti. \u00d6teki bilmem hangi komisyonda m\u00fchim bir mevki tuttu. Levaz\u0131mdaki damad\u0131 k\u0131ymet ve kadir ve ehemmiyet\u00e7e Reis \u0130smail Hakk\u0131 Pa\u015fa\u2019n\u0131n yaln\u0131z iki g\u00f6z\u00fc de\u011fil, bir \u00e7ift eli ve tek baca\u011f\u0131n\u0131n m\u00fctemmimi, m\u00fcttekas\u0131, bastonu idi. Onun levaz\u0131m umurundaki reviyeti, k\u00e2r\u015finasl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve himmetiyle tek bacak Reis art\u0131k topallam\u0131yor, sekmiyor, aksam\u0131yordu. Pa\u015fadan himmet, damattan gayret \u00f6yle bir ticarete koyuldular ki milyonlar \u00f6nlerinde taklak at\u0131yordu. En b\u00fcy\u00fck t\u00fcccarlar, Kamhiler filanlar yanlar\u0131nda \u00e2ciz birer g\u00f6lge gibi kald\u0131lar.\u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n Refik Halid, Peyami Safa, H\u00fcseyin Cahit, Ahmet Emin\u2019in yaz\u0131lar\u0131nda, hikayelerinde, romanlar\u0131nda bir gecede zengin olan vagon t\u00fcccarlar\u0131n\u0131n, muhtekirlerin, harb zenginlerinin hikayeleri anlat\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n Enver Pa\u015fa\u2019n\u0131n \u00e7ok g\u00fcvendi\u011fi, \u201consuz ordu a\u00e7 kal\u0131r\u201d diye her f\u0131rsatta savundu\u011fu \u0130smail Hakk\u0131 Pa\u015fa\u2019n\u0131n el verdi\u011fi isimlerden biri de hapishane arkada\u015f\u0131 Bolulu Mehmet Habib Bey\u2019dir.<\/p>\n Habib Bey \u00f6nce ordu m\u00fcteahhidi yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, sonra ona da vagon kiralanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n Onun vagonla t\u00fcccarl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir \u00fcr\u00fcn daha sonra ad\u0131yla birlikte an\u0131lacakt\u0131r: Bulgur.<\/p>\n \u0130lk lakab\u0131 \u201cBulgur Kral\u0131 Habib Bey\u201d olur.<\/p>\n \u201cMuhtekir\u201d (vurguncu) s\u0131fat\u0131yla birlikte an\u0131lan isimlerden biridir.<\/p>\n Servetinin kayna\u011f\u0131 ile ilgili iddialar muhteliftir. \u0130ttihat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n gazetesi Tanin\u2019in yaz\u0131 i\u015fleri m\u00fcd\u00fcr\u00fc ve ba\u015fyazar\u0131 Muhittin Birgen, servetini tehcire ba\u011flar:<\/p>\n \u201cLevaz\u0131m Reisi \u0130smail Hakk\u0131 Pa\u015fa, Bolu Mebusu Habip e o zaman sekiz bin lira vermi\u015f, bu parayla tehcir zaman\u0131na denk geldi\u011fi i\u00e7in yok pahas\u0131na s\u0131\u011f\u0131r al\u0131nm\u0131\u015f, b\u00f6ylece ilk sermaye olu\u015fturulmu\u015ftu. \u0130smail Hakk\u0131 Pa\u015fa himayesinde yap\u0131lan i\u015flerle b\u00fcy\u00fcm\u00fc\u015f ve Bulgur Palas \u0131n temelleri b\u00f6yle at\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131.\u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n Habib Bey, eski bir asker ve mebus olarak hayat standard\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7ok \u00fcst\u00fcnde sahip oldu\u011fu servetini herkesin g\u00f6z\u00fcne sokmas\u0131yla k\u00f6t\u00fc \u015f\u00f6hretini art\u0131r\u0131r.<\/p>\n L\u00fcks\u00fc, ihti\u015fam\u0131, konforu sever.<\/p>\n Aile Baltaliman\u0131\u2019nda Re\u015fat Pa\u015fa Yal\u0131s\u0131\u2019na yerle\u015fmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n Daha sonra borcu kapatmak i\u00e7in ailenin elden \u00e7\u0131kartt\u0131\u011f\u0131, bug\u00fcn yerine apartmanlar dikilmi\u015f yal\u0131daki l\u00fcks\u00fc, halas\u0131 bu yal\u0131ya gelin gitmi\u015f, \u00e7ocuklu\u011funda yazlar\u0131n\u0131 burada ge\u00e7irmi\u015f Ferda Kazanc\u0131ba\u015f\u0131 anlat\u0131yor:<\/p>\n \u201cDaha \u00f6nceleri Re\u015fit pa\u015fa Yal\u0131s\u0131 olarak bilinen Bolu Mebusu Habib Bey Yal\u0131s\u0131 g\u00fcney taraf\u0131ndan Balta Liman\u0131 Deresi\u2019ne biti\u015fik ve \u00f6n taraftan denize cephelidir. Horasan har\u00e7l\u0131 tu\u011fla \u00f6rmeli zemin kat\u0131na bah\u00e7e taraf\u0131ndaki servis kap\u0131s\u0131ndan girilmekte, yal\u0131n\u0131n a\u015f\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131, u\u015faklar\u0131, dad\u0131lar\u0131 ve Sudan k\u00f6kenli Arap hizmetk\u00e2rlar\u0131 burada ikamet etmektedir. Yal\u0131n\u0131n dev avizeli ah\u015fap birinci ve ikinci katlar\u0131n\u0131n salonlar\u0131, heykeller, vazolar ve antika e\u015fyalarla donan\u0131ml\u0131d\u0131r. Alt ve \u00fcst kat salonlar\u0131n\u0131n her k\u00f6\u015fesinde siyah metalden eli m\u0131zrakl\u0131 y\u00fcz\u00fc maskeli Avrupa\u2019l\u0131 sava\u015f askerlerini canland\u0131ran insan boyundaki heykeller ile Frans\u0131z Sevr Saray\u0131 k\u00f6kenli Napolyon\u2019un Avrupa seferlerini tasvir eden mine i\u015flemeli insan boyundaki dev vazolar yer almaktayd\u0131.<\/strong>\u00a0Bazen Venedik\u2019den \u00f6zel olarak getirtilmi\u015f Gondol ile bo\u011faz gezileri yap\u0131l\u0131r ve bu gezilerin baz\u0131lar\u0131na ben de kat\u0131l\u0131rd\u0131m. Serinli\u011fin fazla oldu\u011fu gecelerde kaza\u011f\u0131m\u0131 almak i\u00e7in yal\u0131n\u0131n \u00fcst kat\u0131ndaki daireye \u00e7\u0131kacak oldu\u011fumda adam boyundaki heykellerden korkar ve yaln\u0131z \u00e7\u0131kamazd\u0131m. Yal\u0131n\u0131n kay\u0131k\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131ndan Kukas\u2019\u0131, o\u011flu Leon\u2019u, ayr\u0131ca ekmek\u00e7i Dimitri\u2019yi, sandalc\u0131 Foti\u2019yi burada tan\u0131d\u0131m. Yal\u0131n\u0131n hizmet kadrosundaki Cemile dad\u0131 ile Sudan k\u00f6kenli Arap Melahat abla ve Arap Necati abi, hepsi g\u00fczel insanlard\u0131.\u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n Ama Harbiye\u2019de askeri in\u015faat dersleri veren, in\u015faattan, mimariden anlayan Habib Bey, \u00e7ok daha g\u00f6rkemlisini istemektedir.<\/p>\n \u0130talyan Sefareti\u2019ni, San Antuan Kilisesi\u2019ni yapm\u0131\u015f, Osmanl\u0131 Bankas\u0131\u2019n\u0131n ba\u015f mimar\u0131 \u00fcnl\u00fc bir mimarla anla\u015f\u0131r:\u00a0Gulio Mongeri<\/p>\n B\u00fct\u00fcn haberlerde \u201c\u0130talyan mimar diye ge\u00e7en Mongeri evet \u0130talyand\u0131r ama \u0130stanbul do\u011fumlu bir Levanten\u2019dir.<\/p>\n 19. Y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ortalar\u0131nda \u0130talya\u2019daki sava\u015flardan ka\u00e7\u0131p \u0130stanbul\u2019a s\u0131\u011f\u0131nm\u0131\u015f ailelerden birinin mensubudur, daha sonra Milano\u2019da mimarl\u0131k e\u011fitimi al\u0131p, \u0130stanbul\u2019a d\u00f6nm\u00fc\u015f ve mimarl\u0131k ofisini a\u00e7m\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Osmanl\u0131 Bankas\u0131\u2019n\u0131n resmi mimar\u0131 olarak \u0130stanbul\u2019daki \u0130talya Sefareti, \u0130stiklal\u2019deki San Antuan Kilisesi\u2019ni yapm\u0131\u015f devrin en g\u00f6zde mimar\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n 1920\u2019lerde Taksim\u2019deki Atat\u00fcrk an\u0131t\u0131n\u0131n kaidesi, Ma\u00e7ka Palas, Karak\u00f6y Palas gibi g\u00f6rkemli apartmanlar, Ankara\u2019daki Osmanl\u0131 Bankas\u0131, Ziraat Bankas\u0131, \u0130\u015f Bankas\u0131 binalar\u0131n\u0131 da o yapacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n Habib Bey, k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck saray\u0131 i\u00e7in \u0130stanbul\u2019un yedi tepesinden Kocamustafapa\u015fa\u2019y\u0131 se\u00e7er.<\/p>\n O y\u0131llarda da yoksul bir semttir. Etrafta k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck m\u00fctevazi evlerden ba\u015fka hi\u00e7bir\u015fey yoktur.<\/p>\n Yap\u0131m\u0131na 1912 y\u0131l\u0131nda ba\u015fland\u0131\u011f\u0131 yaz\u0131lsa da 1926\u2019da in\u015faat\u0131 hen\u00fcz bitmedi\u011fine g\u00f6re tarih daha ge\u00e7 olabilir.<\/p>\n \u0130n\u015faat malzemeleri Avrupa\u2019dan getirilir.<\/p>\n Bulundu\u011fu yoksul semtle pek ilgisi olmayan, \u0130stanbul\u2019un geleneksel mimar\u0131 dokusuyla uyumsuz \u0130talya\u2019daki bir k\u00f6\u015fkten farks\u0131z bu kuleli k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck saray tepede b\u00fcy\u00fcd\u00fck\u00e7e dikkat \u00e7eker.<\/p>\n Bir eski \u0130ttihat\u00e7\u0131 kola\u011fas\u0131 ve mebusa ait olamayacak kadar g\u00f6rkemli, d\u00f6neminde \u0130stanbul\u2019un en y\u00fcksek yap\u0131lanlar\u0131ndan biri olan k\u00f6\u015fk, paran\u0131n me\u015fum kayna\u011f\u0131 hakk\u0131nda bir istihza ile an\u0131lmaya ba\u015flan\u0131r:<\/p>\n Bulgur Palas.<\/p>\n \u0130n\u015faat s\u00fcrerken sava\u015f s\u00fcrmektedir. O y\u00fczden i\u015fler yava\u015flar.<\/p>\n Sonra sava\u015f b\u00fcy\u00fck bir yenilgiyle biter.<\/p>\n \u0130stanbul i\u015fgal edikir. \u0130tilaf\u00e7\u0131 bir h\u00fck\u00fcmet i\u015fba\u015f\u0131na ge\u00e7er.<\/p>\n Ka\u00e7amayan di\u011fer \u0130ttihat\u00e7\u0131lar gibi\u00a0Mehmet Habip Bey de g\u00f6zalt\u0131na al\u0131n\u0131r ve Malta\u2019ya s\u00fcrg\u00fcne g\u00f6nderilir.<\/p>\n Yan\u0131nda yine \u015eeyhulislam Mustafa Hayri Efendi vard\u0131r.<\/p>\n 1915 tehciri ile su\u00e7lanmayan 21 isim aras\u0131ndad\u0131r.<\/p>\n Malta\u2019da Mustafa Hayri Efendi\u2019nin rahats\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131 nedeniyle ona refakat ederek daha iyi \u015fartlarda bir yere nakledilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n Sonra b\u0131rak\u0131l\u0131r, \u0130stanbul\u2019a d\u00f6ner ama Damat Ferit H\u00fck\u00fcmeti, onu tekrar tutuklat\u0131r.<\/p>\n Sonra b\u0131rak\u0131l\u0131r ve Baltaliman\u0131\u2019ndaki yal\u0131s\u0131na \u00e7ekilir.<\/p>\n Malta S\u00fcrg\u00fcn\u00fc\u2019nden di\u011fer d\u00f6nenler gibi Ankara\u2019ya ge\u00e7ip \u0130stiklal Harbi\u2019ne kat\u0131lmaz.<\/p>\n Aileye yak\u0131n Ferda Kazanc\u0131ba\u015f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n anlat\u0131m\u0131na g\u00f6re \u201cE\u015fi Bedia Han\u0131m \u2018Habib buralarda oyalanma git, bu SARI KEMAL bo\u015f adam de\u011fil. Mutlak bir kerameti vard\u0131r \u2018 diyerek uyard\u0131\u011f\u0131 halde Habib Bey ilgisiz kalmaya devam\u201d etmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n Ama \u0130stiklal Harbi y\u0131llar\u0131nda bo\u015f durmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 anla\u015f\u0131l\u0131yor.<\/p>\n Sava\u015f s\u00fcrerken 1922 y\u0131l\u0131ndaki bir TBMM Gizli Celse Zabt\u0131\u2019nda ad\u0131 \u201cBulgur Palas Habib Bey\u201d olarak ge\u00e7iyor. Ankara H\u00fck\u00fcmeti\u2019ne 20 bin t\u00fcfenk satmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan bir silah t\u00fcccar\u0131 olarak\u2026:<\/p>\n \u201cBulgur Palas Habib Bey tekrar bir teklif yap\u0131yor. Kendisi diyor ki; \u2018Benim elimde 20 bin t\u00fcfenk var ve fiyat\u0131 \u015fundan ibarettir. Ben bunu \u015fu kadar zamanda size teslim ederim.\u2019 Bu Paris\u2019teki komisyona kendi vazifesi haricindeki \u015fu teklifi yazd\u0131k. \u00c7\u00fcnki b\u00f6yle \u015fey de\u011fil. Makineli t\u00fcfenk filan ba\u015fka sipari\u015fat da var. \u2018Vaktinde veririm. \u015eu kadar zamanda size teslim etmezsem mukabil tazminat olarak 30 bin lira var. Bunu da bankaya yat\u0131r\u0131yorum\u2019 diyor. Bu \u015feraite bakt\u0131k gayet m\u00fcsait. Bir ay zarf\u0131nda g\u00f6nderecek. G\u00f6ndermezse 30 bin lira mukabil teminat\u0131 vard\u0131r. Bunu alaca\u011f\u0131z ve ayn\u0131 zamanda di\u011fer tarafta da sipari\u015f veririz ve para akreditif olarak verilir. Yahut da g\u00f6ndermek filan de\u011fil. Bu bir t\u00fcccar s\u0131fat\u0131le bize teklifte bulunuyor.<\/strong>\u00a0Nitekim bize b\u00f6yle teklif yapan g\u00fcnde 4-5 ki\u015fi \u00e7\u0131kar. T\u00fcfenk getireyim, top getireyim, her g\u00fcn \u00e7\u0131kar. Habib Bey de bunlardan biridir. Biz bunlar\u0131n hi\u00e7 birine kar\u0131\u015fm\u0131yoruz. Aradan bir ay ge\u00e7ti. Bu, ne oldu efendiler? Efendim, vapur hareket etti, \u015fu oldu bu oldu dedi ve daha bir hafta oyalad\u0131. Bu cephane gelir dedik, biraz daha bekledik. Belki yola \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131r, haz\u0131r Daha bir hafta m\u00fcsaade edelim, gelmezse mukabil paraya vaziyed edece\u011fiz ve hakikaten bir hafta daha gelmedi. 30 bin liraya biz de vaziyed ettik ve bankadan ald\u0131k. Habib Bey e de bir \u015fey vermedik. Habib Bey de bunun \u00fczerine bizi yine \u00fcmide ba\u011flad\u0131. Zarar\u0131m\u0131zda banka tahvili olarak kald\u0131. Mamafih di\u011fer te\u015febb\u00fcsattan da geri kalmad\u0131k. Ba\u015fka taraflardan da yine sipari\u015fat temin ettik. Sonra \u0130stanbul dan ald\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z haberlere nazaran Yunanl\u0131lara da b\u00f6yle yap\u0131yorlarm\u0131\u015f. Yaln\u0131z Habib Bey de\u011fil, ben Habib bey bunu yapt\u0131 diyemem. Kimsenin g\u00fcnah\u0131na giremem ve kati olarak s\u00f6yleyemem. \u00c7\u00fcnki b\u00f6yle herkes yapabilir. \u0130htimal ki bu da b\u00f6yle yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.\u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n Fakat bu harb f\u0131rsat\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 bu kez iyi sonla bitmez.<\/p>\n Kalk\u0131p gitmedi\u011fi Ankara\u2019daki h\u00fck\u00fcmet kazan\u0131r.<\/p>\n \u0130mtiyazlar\u0131n\u0131 kaybetmi\u015f Habib Bey, Bulgur Palas i\u00e7in Osmanl\u0131 Bankas\u0131\u2019ndan ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 kredileri \u00f6deyemeyecek hale gelir.<\/p>\n 1926 y\u0131l\u0131nda kalp krizinde \u00f6ld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde sadece 48 ya\u015f\u0131ndad\u0131r.<\/p>\n Birka\u00e7 ay sonra e\u015fi Bulgur Palas\u2019\u0131 bor\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 olarak Osmanl\u0131 Bankas\u0131\u2019na devreder. Banka ad\u0131na k\u0131ymetlendirmeyi hem k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck saray\u0131n hem de bankan\u0131n mimar\u0131 Mongeri yapar.<\/p>\n Aile 40\u2019l\u0131 y\u0131llarda yal\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 da apartman kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 vermek zorunda kalacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n \u0130stanbul\u2019un yedi tepesinden biri \u00fczerine kurulmu\u015f Bulgur Palas ise ortada kal\u0131r.<\/p>\n Koca binan\u0131n baz\u0131 odalar\u0131na Osmanl\u0131 Bankas\u0131\u2019n\u0131n eski evraklar\u0131 konmaya ba\u015flan\u0131r, bir oda ise bankan\u0131n kanaryalar\u0131na tahsis edilmi\u015ftir. Bir oda dolusu kanarya.<\/p>\n Bir bankan\u0131n neden kanaryas\u0131 oldu\u011fu me\u00e7hul.<\/p>\n Ama Habib Bey\u2019e oturmak nasip olmayan k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck sarayda oturmak kanaryalar d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda ba\u015fkalar\u0131na da nasip olur.<\/p>\n \u00dcstelik \u00e7ok manidar ev sahipleridir bunlar.<\/p>\n 1950\u2019lerde Bulgur Palas\u2019ta ya\u015fayan Emine Erdem, Bir Yerde Bir G\u00fcl A\u011flar\u2019da anlat\u0131yor:<\/p>\n \u201cAvluda \u00fc\u00e7 aile otururduk. B\u00fcy\u00fck tahta kap\u0131dan bah\u00e7eye girildi\u011finde sa\u011f yandaki evde Madam Eleniler, onlar\u0131n sa\u011fda kar\u015f\u0131lar\u0131nda Halise han\u0131mlar, solda kar\u015f\u0131lar\u0131nda biz otururduk. M\u00f6sy\u00f6 Pepo \u0130talyan, e\u015fi Eleni Rum\u2019du. Halise han\u0131mlar Bulgaristan g\u00f6\u00e7meni T\u00fcrklerdi. Bizimkiler ise K\u00fcrdistan\u2019dan kopup gelmi\u015flerdi \u0130stanbul\u2019a. Ailenin erkekleri Osmanl\u0131 Bankas\u0131n\u0131n memurlar\u0131yd\u0131. Bir de bek\u00e7i H\u00fcseyin Efendi vard\u0131. Bulgur Palas\u2019\u0131n y\u00fcksek duvarlar\u0131, \u00e7evredeki kom\u015fular\u0131n biraz da k\u0131skan\u00e7l\u0131kla d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fckleri gibi zengin aileleri de\u011fil, yurtlar\u0131ndan kopup gelmi\u015f insanlar\u0131n, ya da \u00f6z topraklar\u0131nda yabanc\u0131, az\u0131nl\u0131k durumuna d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f insanlar\u0131n trajik yazg\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131, ac\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131, korkular\u0131n\u0131 umutlar\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7evreliyordu buradaki tek tek insanlar\u0131n kimli\u011finde\u2026\u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n Bu y\u00fczden Bulgur Palas\u2019\u0131n kap\u0131lar\u0131 1955\u2019in 6-7 Eyl\u00fcl gecesinde zorlan\u0131r:<\/p>\n \u201cKaranl\u0131k bast\u0131\u011f\u0131nda sokaklardan insan sesleri, ba\u011f\u0131rt\u0131lar gelmeye ba\u015flad\u0131. Giderek b\u00fcy\u00fcy\u00fcp y\u00fckselen g\u00fcr\u00fclt\u00fc gelip dayand\u0131 Bulgur Palas\u2019\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck tahta kap\u0131s\u0131na. \u201cG\u00e2vurlar \u00e7\u0131k\u0131n d\u0131\u015far\u0131, T\u00fcrk d\u00fc\u015fmanlar\u0131\u201d ve kap\u0131 g\u00fcmb\u00fcr g\u00fcmb\u00fcr d\u00f6v\u00fclmeye ba\u015fland\u0131. Galeyana gelen, s\u0131rtlar\u0131nda torbalar\u0131, sepetleriyle, ellerinde sopalar\u0131, han\u00e7erleriyle \u00e7apulcular durdurulamaz bir kinle i\u00e7eri girmek istiyorlard\u0131. Onlar\u0131 azd\u0131r\u0131p sald\u0131rtan karanl\u0131k eller birer g\u00f6lge gibi sinsi belli belirsiz, g\u00f6r\u00fcnmez olmu\u015ftu.<\/strong><\/p>\n Bulgur Palas \u00f6l\u00fcm sessizli\u011fi i\u00e7inde. Annem ve babam ellerinde T\u00fcrk bayra\u011f\u0131 ve kimlikleri, b\u00fcy\u00fck tahta kap\u0131n\u0131n arkas\u0131nda d\u0131\u015fardaki kalabal\u0131\u011fa bo\u015funa seslerini duyurmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yorlard\u0131. Biz sonra korku i\u00e7inde t\u00fcm \u0131\u015f\u0131klar\u0131 s\u00f6n\u00fck Aki\u2019lerin evine giriyoruz. Aile her biri korku ve tela\u015f i\u00e7inde Aki\u2019yi kolundan \u00e7ekerek \u201cO\u011flum benimle \u00f6ls\u00fcn.\u201d diyor. Babam aileyi yat\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rken, annem Aki\u2019yi kap\u0131yor ve \u201cMadam \u00f6l\u00fcrsek beraber \u00f6l\u00fcr\u00fcz.\u201d diyor. Birden hep beraber sakinle\u015fiyor, birlikte olman\u0131n verdi\u011fi garip bir duyguyla oturuyorlar.<\/strong><\/p>\n D\u0131\u015far\u0131da uzakla\u015fan sesler korkuyu sanki birlikte al\u0131p g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcyormu\u015f gibi zay\u0131fl\u0131yor, karanl\u0131\u011fa kar\u0131\u015f\u0131p gidiyor. I\u015f\u0131klar\u0131 yakmadan pencereden bak\u0131yoruz. Yer yer alevler i\u00e7inde evler, r\u00fczg\u00e2r\u0131n getirdi\u011fi yan\u0131k kokusu. Korku ve bilinmezliklerden kurtulamam\u0131\u015f olmam\u0131za ra\u011fmen bir sevin\u00e7 k\u0131v\u0131lc\u0131m\u0131 d\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc y\u00fcreklerimize. Hepimiz bizim eve gittik.<\/strong><\/p>\n K\u0131sa bir s\u00fcre sonra Bulgur Palas\u2019\u0131n arka kap\u0131s\u0131 \u00e7at\u0131rt\u0131larla devrilmi\u015f, \u00e7apulcular g\u00fcr\u00fclt\u00fc ve ba\u011fr\u0131\u015flarla girmi\u015flerdi b\u00fcy\u00fck kona\u011f\u0131n bah\u00e7esine. Bo\u015f evrak deposu olarak kullan\u0131lan Bulgur Palas ilgilendirmiyordu onlar\u0131. Gelmi\u015f m\u00fc\u015ftemilat bah\u00e7esini konak bah\u00e7esinden ay\u0131ran kap\u0131ya dayanm\u0131\u015flard\u0131. Annem korkudan titreyen hepimizi evin karanl\u0131k b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcne saklamak fikrinden vazge\u00e7ti, hepimiz olacaklar\u0131 bekliyorduk. Bu arada babam b\u00fct\u00fcn \u0131\u015f\u0131klar\u0131 yakm\u0131\u015f, iki bah\u00e7eyi ay\u0131ran kal\u0131n duvar\u0131n \u00fczerine \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Elinde T\u00fcrk bayra\u011f\u0131 kalabal\u0131\u011fa seslendi. \u201dDerhal \u00e7\u0131k\u0131n buradan, \u015fimdi telefon ettim polise. Buras\u0131 Osmanl\u0131 Bankas\u0131 ve biz de M\u00fcsl\u00fcman\u0131z ne istiyorsunuz? \u0130sterseniz bekleyin g\u00f6r\u00fcn olacaklar\u0131.\u201d Bir ara ne yapaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bilmez durumdaki insanlar, yava\u015f yava\u015f \u00e7ekilip gitmi\u015fler, sonra annemle babam ara kap\u0131y\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131p kona\u011f\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck bah\u00e7esine girdiler ve ana bah\u00e7enin k\u0131r\u0131k kap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 birka\u00e7 kalasla yeniden tutturmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131lar. Herhalde bu gecelik tehlike kalmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131.\u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n Sonra herkes tek tek Palas\u2019tan ta\u015f\u0131n\u0131r.<\/p>\n Garanti Bankas\u0131\u2019n\u0131n m\u00fclkiyetinde ge\u00e7er, Perili K\u00f6\u015fk\u2019e d\u00f6ner, ad\u0131n\u0131n neden Bulgur oldu\u011fu bile unutulur.<\/p>\n Habib Bey\u2019den geriye ise k\u00f6t\u00fc \u015f\u00f6hreti bile kalmaz.<\/p>\n Asl\u0131nda bir hat\u0131rat d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda.<\/p>\n Hat\u0131rat\u0131,\u00a02016\u2019da hayat\u0131n\u0131 kaybeden tarih\u00e7i Yavuz Selim Karak\u0131\u015fla\u2019n\u0131n eline ge\u00e7mi\u015ftir:<\/p>\n \u201cBenim elimde en \u00f6nemli \u0130ttih\u00e2d\u00e7\u0131 muhaliflerinden, sonradan \u201cBulgur Kral\u0131\u201d olarak an\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olan \u0130ttih\u00e2d\u00e7\u0131 Top\u00e7u Y\u00fczba\u015f\u0131 ve sonradan Bolu Mebusu Mehmet Habib Bey\u2019in an\u0131lar\u0131 var. Mehmet Habib Bey\u2019in an\u0131lar\u0131 \u0130kinci Me\u015frutiyet\u2019in ilan edildi\u011fi g\u00fcne kadar g\u00fcn g\u00fcn geliyor. Mehmed Habib Bey, \u0130kinci Me\u015frutiyet\u2019i ilan eden Manast\u0131r \u0130ttih\u00e2d ve Terakk\u00ee \u015eubesi\u2019nin ba\u015fkan\u0131. An\u0131lar\u0131nda o kadar inan\u00e7l\u0131 ve yurtsever bir \u0130ttih\u00e2d\u00e7\u0131 ki, 1908\u2019de mebus se\u00e7ilir se\u00e7ilmez kar\u015f\u0131 tarafa ge\u00e7ece\u011fi, ve 1914\u2019ten sonra sava\u015f vurguncusu olaca\u011f\u0131; ve bir sava\u015f zengini olarak, sava\u015f s\u0131ras\u0131nda sava\u015f ko\u015fullar\u0131n\u0131 k\u00f6t\u00fcye kullanan bir \u201cmuhtekir\u201d t\u00fcccar olarak nam salaca\u011f\u0131 kendisinden hi\u00e7 beklenmez. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc, 1908\u2019e kadarki g\u00fcnl\u00fck yaz\u0131lar\u0131 onun son derece yurtsever bir Osmanl\u0131 subay\u0131 oldu\u011funu, sad\u0131k bir \u0130ttih\u00e2d\u00e7\u0131 oldu\u011funu ve \u00e7ok can-\u0131 g\u00f6n\u00fclden inanan bir M\u00fcsl\u00fcman oldu\u011funu belirtir. Ama iktidar ba\u015ftan \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131c\u0131 fettan bir kad\u0131n gibidir, kendisine tutulan insanlar\u0131 \u00e7ok farkl\u0131 y\u00f6nlere savurabilir.\u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n \u201cAma iktidar ba\u015ftan \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131c\u0131 fettan bir kad\u0131n gibidir, kendisine tutulan insanlar\u0131 \u00e7ok farkl\u0131 y\u00f6nlere savurabilir\u201d<\/p>\n Bug\u00fcn \u0130BB taraf\u0131ndan hayata d\u00f6nd\u00fcr\u00fclen Bulgur Palas\u2019\u0131n giri\u015fine biraz seksist de olsa ibret i\u00e7in bu s\u00f6z as\u0131labilir.<\/p>\n \u0130stanbul\u2019un manzaras\u0131n\u0131n en g\u00fczel g\u00f6r\u00fcnd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc Bulgur Palas, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin siyaset- devlet manzaras\u0131n\u0131n da izlenebildi\u011fi ibretlik bir abide \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc.<\/p>\n Yoksul bir semtin ortas\u0131ndan y\u00fckselen devasa, g\u00f6rkemli, bir \u015fatodan daha iyi ne anlatabilir!<\/p>\n Kaynak\u00e7a i\u00e7in linkler:<\/p>\n Ana kaynak i\u00e7in : Mehmet Tun\u00e7kol- \u0130ttihat ve Terakki\u2019nin milli burjuva yaratma politikas\u0131 ve Bolu milletvekili Mehmet Habib Bey<\/p>\n https:\/\/docplayer.biz.tr\/143925637-Ittihat-terakki-nin-milli-burjuva-yaratma-politikasi-ve-bolu-milletvekili-mehmet-habip-bey.html<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n https:\/\/dostbeykoz.com\/balta-limani-nda-habib-bey-yalisi<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n https:\/\/bellekcalismalariblog.wordpress.com\/2020\/02\/26\/bulgur-palas\/embed\/#?secret=w5MW1w7T6A#?secret=O3Y10wJg9t<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n https:\/\/dergipark.org.tr\/en\/download\/article-file\/1928318<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n![\"ekran-goruntusu-2024-03-02-132224.png\"](\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/cdn.karar.com\/other\/2024\/03\/02\/ekran-goruntusu-2024-03-02-132224.png?ssl=1\")
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