{"id":77705,"date":"2024-01-15T01:33:00","date_gmt":"2024-01-15T06:33:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=77705"},"modified":"2024-01-15T01:33:00","modified_gmt":"2024-01-15T06:33:00","slug":"savars-misakyanin-mimarogluna-yonelttigi-tarihsel-soru","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=77705","title":{"rendered":"\u015eavar\u015f Misakyan\u2019\u0131n Mimaro\u011flu\u2019na y\u00f6neltti\u011fi tarihsel soru"},"content":{"rendered":"
Yetvart Danzikyan<\/a> <\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/div>\n
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Tarih\u00e7i \u00dcmit Kurt\u2019un \u201cKanun ve Nizam Dairesinde: Soyk\u0131r\u0131m Teknokrat\u0131 Mustafa Re\u015fat Mimaro\u011flu\u2019nun \u0130zinde Osmanl\u0131\u2019dan Cumhuriyet\u2019e Devlet Mekanizmas\u0131\u201d ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 yeni \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 ge\u00e7ti\u011fimiz haftalarda Aras Yay\u0131nc\u0131l\u0131k\u2019tan \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. Kurt, 24 Nisan 1915 tutuklamalar\u0131n\u0131 ve devam\u0131ndaki soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 \u201cmasa ba\u015f\u0131nda\u201d uygulayan \u00f6nemli b\u00fcrokratlardan \u2013daha sonra Dan\u0131\u015ftay Ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131\u2019na kadar y\u00fckselecek- Mustafa Re\u015fat Mimaro\u011flu\u2019nun hayat\u0131na, Ermenilerin s\u00fcr\u00fclmesini nas\u0131l me\u015frula\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131na ve sorgulad\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u015eavar\u015f Misakyan ile \u201ctarihsel\u201d diyebilece\u011fimiz kar\u015f\u0131la\u015fmas\u0131na odaklan\u0131yor.<\/span><\/strong><\/em><\/div>\n
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Mustafa Re\u015fat Mimaro\u011flu’nu ve hayat\u0131n\u0131 hangi a\u00e7\u0131lardan \u00f6nemli buldunuz ve hakk\u0131nda bir kitap yazmaya karar verdiniz?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Esas\u0131nda b\u00fct\u00fcn hikaye tarih\u00e7i David Ceserani\u2019nin Adolf Eichmann biyografisi kitab\u0131yla ba\u015flad\u0131.
\nMalum Bir SS subay\u0131 olan Adolf Eichmann y\u00fcz binlerce Yahudi\u2019nin \u00f6l\u00fcm kamplar\u0131na g\u00f6nderilme emirlerini harfiyen uygulayan bir fail. \u0130\u015fin ilgin\u00e7 yan\u0131, Kas\u0131m 1945\u2019e, yani Naziler sava\u015f\u0131 kaybedip, M\u00fcttefikler onlar\u0131 cezaland\u0131rmak i\u00e7in harekete ge\u00e7ene kadar Eichmann\u2019\u0131n ad\u0131, san\u0131 kimsenin dikkatini \u00e7ekmez. Bildi\u011finiz \u00fczere bu durum Eichmann\u2019\u0131n \u0130srail istihbarat\u0131n\u0131n d\u00fczenledi\u011fi bir operasyonla 1960\u2019ta Buenos Aires\u2019te yakalan\u0131p Kud\u00fcs\u2019e getirilerek b\u00fct\u00fcn d\u00fcnyan\u0131n g\u00f6z\u00fc \u00f6n\u00fcnde yarg\u0131lanmaya ba\u015flamas\u0131yla de\u011fi\u015fir. Eichmann ger\u00e7ekte eline bir kez bile silah almamas\u0131na, hi\u00e7bir Yahudi\u2019nin can\u0131na kendi elleriyle k\u0131ymamas\u0131na ra\u011fmen tarihe \u201cmasaba\u015f\u0131 katili (desk killer)\u201d olarak ge\u00e7er.<\/p>\n

1961\u2019deki bu davay\u0131\u00a0New Yorker\u00a0<\/em>i\u00e7in yak\u0131ndan takip eden Hannah Arendt, kendisine y\u00f6neltilen sorular kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda, hi\u00e7bir Yahudi\u2019yi \u00f6ld\u00fcrmedi\u011fini, \u00f6zel bir Yahudi nefreti ta\u015f\u0131mad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, Yahudilerle bir sorunu olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve yaln\u0131zca kendisine verilen emirleri uygulad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 tekrar tekrar ifade eden Eichmann\u2019\u0131n cevaplar\u0131n\u0131 \u201csamimi\u201d bulur, onun do\u011fruyu s\u00f6yledi\u011fini savunur. Arendt\u2019e g\u00f6re Eichmann tam da kendisinin tasvir etti\u011fi gibi ihtirass\u0131z bir idarecidir; kolayl\u0131kla ba\u015fka biriyle yeri de\u011fi\u015ftirilebilecek geni\u015f ve muazzam \u00f6l\u00e7ekteki bir imha \u00e7ark\u0131n\u0131n sadece ufak bir di\u015flisidir. O totaliter bir rejime tamamen kendisini ram etmi\u015f memur\/b\u00fcrokrat\/teknokrat zihniyetli, s\u0131radan biridir.<\/p>\n

Olu\u015fturmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131m bu \u00e7er\u00e7evede Ermeni soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 ba\u011flam\u0131nda ele al\u0131nmas\u0131 gereken ve bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fman\u0131n konusunu olu\u015fturan tarihsel akt\u00f6r olarak Mustafa Re\u015fat Mimaro\u011flu kar\u015f\u0131ma \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131.<\/p>\n

Kimdir Mustafa Re\u015fat Mimaro\u011flu?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Mustafa Re\u015fat, Dahiliye Nezareti\u2019ne ba\u011fl\u0131 K\u0131sm-\u0131 Siyasi\u2019nin Polis M\u00fcd\u00fcr\u00fc gen\u00e7 bir b\u00fcrokrat olarak, ayn\u0131 \u015fubede kendisiyle birlikte g\u00f6rev yapan di\u011fer memurlarla birlikte Ermeni soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n fitilini ate\u015fleyen 24 Nisan 1915 tutuklamalar\u0131n\u0131n planlanmas\u0131, organize edilmesi ve uygulanmas\u0131nda etkin bir rol \u00fcstlenmi\u015f, b\u00f6ylece siyasi karar al\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n i\u015fini kolayla\u015ft\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. M\u00fctareke sonras\u0131 yap\u0131lan yarg\u0131lamalarda kendisine y\u00f6neltilen en b\u00fcy\u00fck su\u00e7lama, tutuklanan ki\u015filere sorgular\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda i\u015fkence yapmakt\u0131r. Ayn\u0131 Re\u015fat, Talat Pa\u015fa\u2019n\u0131n Ermenilere y\u00f6nelik tehcir emirlerinin Anadolu\u2019da \u00f6rg\u00fctlenmesi ve uygulanmas\u0131 s\u00fcrecinde aktif bir rol \u00fcstlenir. Do\u011fu vilayetlerine yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ziyaretlerde tehcir hadisesine yerinden e\u015flik eder ve bu s\u00fcreci denetler. Tehcirin aksad\u0131\u011f\u0131 b\u00f6lgelere problem \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fc bir teknokrat olarak g\u00f6nderilir, bu anlamda Talat\u2019\u0131n g\u00fcvenine \u201cmazhar\u201d olmu\u015ftur. \u0130laveten, Mustafa Re\u015fat tehcir edilen Ermenilerden kalan mal ve m\u00fclklerle ilgili de mesai harcar.<\/p>\n

Ermenice bilmesi, bu dile olan h\u00e2kimiyeti, \u00e7ocuklu\u011fundan beri Ermeni toplumuyla kom\u015fuluk \u00fczerinden geli\u015ftirdi\u011fi yak\u0131n ili\u015fkiler ve cemaati bu sayede tan\u0131mas\u0131 gibi \u00f6zellikleri Talat Pa\u015fa\u2019n\u0131n dikkatinden ka\u00e7maz. Kaymakam, vali, idareci ve b\u00fcrokrat olarak \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131 bu yolda bir soyk\u0131r\u0131m teknokrat\u0131na evrilmi\u015f, Ermenilerin imhas\u0131 s\u00fcrecinde kritik bir e\u015fik olan 24 Nisan 1915 tutuklamalar\u0131n\u0131 ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftiren b\u00fcrokrat olarak tarihe ge\u00e7mi\u015ftir. Tamamen g\u00f6rev bilinciyle hareket eden, hiyerar\u015finin d\u0131\u015f\u0131na \u00e7\u0131kmayan, itaati esas alan bir zihin yap\u0131s\u0131 vard\u0131r. Ancak bu kariyerizmi ve g\u00f6rev bilincinin yan\u0131nda onun eylemlerini vatan\u0131n ve milletin selameti ideali etraf\u0131nda belirleyip yerine getirdi\u011fini ak\u0131lda tutmak gerekir.<\/p>\n

Esas itibar\u0131yla yeni kurulan Cumhuriyet\u2019in kadrolar\u0131 Mustafa Re\u015fat gibi b\u00fcrokratlarla doludur. Bu anlamda yeni rejimin bir \u201cFailler Cumhuriyeti\u201d oldu\u011funu iddia ediyorum. Ar\u015fivlerde ad\u0131, san\u0131 ve yapt\u0131klar\u0131 birka\u00e7 c\u00fcmleyle anlat\u0131lan soyk\u0131r\u0131m faili Mustafa Re\u015fat Mimaro\u011flu i\u015fte bu yeni rejimin Dan\u0131\u015ftay Reisi\u2019dir. Onca dosya y\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 aras\u0131nda ismi birka\u00e7 c\u00fcmleyle ge\u00e7mesine ra\u011fmen kariyeri ve eylemlerinin sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 onu tarihsel olarak \u00f6nemli bir fig\u00fcr k\u0131lar.<\/p>\n

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Mustafa Re\u015fat Mimaro\u011flu asl\u0131nda bir \u0130ttihat\u00e7\u0131 olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen Cumhuriyet rejiminde de kendisine \u00f6nemli yerler buluyor. Bu hangi dinamiklerde m\u00fcmk\u00fcn oluyor? \u0130ttihat\u00e7\u0131 kadrolar\u0131n yeni rejimde g\u00f6rev almas\u0131 ola\u011fand\u0131\u015f\u0131 bir durum de\u011fil hatta belli a\u00e7\u0131lardan da bir s\u00fcreklilik var zaten ama bu hepsi i\u00e7in de ge\u00e7erli de\u011fil. Mimaro\u011flu hangi dengeler i\u00e7inde Mustafa Kemal Atat\u00fcrk’\u00fcn kadrolar\u0131nda devam edebiliyor?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Bu soruya tarihsel bir anekdotla cevap vermeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015fay\u0131m. 1981 senesinde Talat Pa\u015fa\u2019n\u0131n e\u015fi Hayriye Han\u0131m\u2019a mutat ziyaretlerinden birini ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftiren gazeteci-yazar Murat Bardak\u00e7\u0131\u2019ya bu sefer eski Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 Celal Bayar da e\u015flik eder. Bayar\u2019\u0131n Hayriye Han\u0131m ile konu\u015furken g\u00f6stermi\u015f oldu\u011fu nezaket ve kendisine \u201cHan\u0131mefendi Hazretleri\u201d, \u201cirade buyurursan\u0131z\u201d diye hitap etmesi kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda bir hayli \u015fa\u015f\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirten Bardak\u00e7\u0131\u2019n\u0131n, ziyaret sonras\u0131 d\u0131\u015far\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131klar\u0131nda Bayar\u2019a, \u201cefendim, siz reisi cumhursunuz, neden bu derece sayg\u0131 g\u00f6steriyorsunuz\u201d diye sordu\u011funda ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 yan\u0131t, tarihe d\u00fc\u015f\u00fclecek not niteli\u011findedir: Bayar, Bardak\u00e7\u0131\u2019ya \u201ckendisi \u015fefimin refikas\u0131d\u0131r\u201d diye cevap verir.<\/p>\n

\u0130\u015fte Celal Bayar\u2019\u0131n \u201c\u015fefi\u201d Talat Pa\u015fa\u2019n\u0131n tornas\u0131ndan \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015f, ona her ko\u015fulda lay\u0131k\u0131yla hizmet eden, onun ideallerini payla\u015fan, \u0130ttihat ve Terakki\u2019ye g\u00f6bekten ba\u011fl\u0131 teknokratlardan biri Mustafa Re\u015fat. O ve onun gibiler Mustafa Kemal\u2019in kurucu lideri oldu\u011fu yeni ulus devletin \u00fcst kadrolar\u0131nda kendilerine yer bulmu\u015flar ve yeni rejimin konsolidasyonu s\u00fcrecinde kilit roller \u00fcstlenmi\u015flerdir.<\/p>\n

Bir\u00e7o\u011fu Rumeli topraklar\u0131ndan gelen ve 1912 sonras\u0131 Balkanlar\u2019daki y\u0131k\u0131ma tan\u0131kl\u0131k eden bu ku\u015fak mensuplar\u0131, Mustafa Kemal\u2019in her daim tevecc\u00fch\u00fcne mazhar olmu\u015ftur. Talat\u2019\u0131n \u201cadamlar\u0131\u201d bu eski \u0130ttihat\u00e7\u0131lar, Mustafa Kemal\u2019in yeni kurdu\u011fu Cumhuriyet rejiminin elit s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131 te\u015fkil etmi\u015flerdir. Bu bize soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131n sadece y\u0131k\u0131c\u0131 de\u011fil ayn\u0131 zamanda in\u015fa edici, kurucu etkisini de g\u00f6sterir. Bu kadrosal s\u00fcreklilik, tarih\u00e7i Hans-Lukas Kieser\u2019in iddia etti\u011fi gibi, yeni T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin sadece Talat\u2019\u0131n de\u011fil bu ki\u015filerin de omuzlar\u0131nda y\u00fckseldi\u011fine i\u015faret eder. Zira s\u00f6z konusu teknokratlar\u0131n\/b\u00fcrokratlar\u0131n eylemleri, fikirleri ya\u015fad\u0131klar\u0131 toplumun \u015fekillenmesinde \u00f6nemli roller oynam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Tabii burada s\u00f6z konusu \u0130ttihat\u00e7\u0131 b\u00fcrokratlar\u0131n, teknokratlar\u0131n ve memurlar\u0131n 1926\u2019da \u0130zmir Suikast\u0131yla tasfiye edilen \u0130ttihat\u00e7\u0131 g\u00fcruhtan kendilerini ayr\u0131\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve o siyasi g\u00fc\u00e7 m\u00fccadelesinde sureci olduk\u00e7a iyi okuyup kendilerini bundan uzak tuttuklar\u0131n\u0131n da alt\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7izmek gerekir.<\/p>\n

M\u00fclkiyeli bir imparatorluk b\u00fcrokrat\u0131 olarak memuriyet\/b\u00fcrokratik kariyerine ba\u015flayan ve\u00a0Talat Pa\u015fa\u2019n\u0131n soyk\u0131r\u0131m teknokrat\u0131<\/em>\u00a0olarak tarif etti\u011fim Mustafa Re\u015fat Mimaro\u011flu\u2019nun yeni kurulan ulus-devletin, yani Cumhuriyet rejiminin kadrolar\u0131nda kendine yer bulabilmesi ve Dan\u0131\u015ftay Reisli\u011fi gibi olduk\u00e7a \u00fcst d\u00fczey bir g\u00f6reve getirilmesi, yukar\u0131da a\u00e7\u0131mlamaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131m tarihsel ba\u011flamdan ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclemez. Bu minvalde uzun bir s\u00fcredir ilgili literat\u00fcr\u00fc me\u015fgul eden Erik Jan Z\u00fcrcher ve Feroz Ahmad gibi iki \u00f6nemli tarih\u00e7inin tart\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u0130T-Cumhuriyet rejimleri aras\u0131ndaki d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnsel, ideolojik ve kadrosal s\u00fcrekliliklere veya kopu\u015flara ili\u015fkin olarak, partili-memur Mustafa Re\u015fat Mimaro\u011flu gibi alt-orta \u00f6l\u00e7ekli teknokratlar\u0131n hayat hik\u00e2yeleri, kariyerleri ve eylemlerinin analizinin daha somut veriler sundu\u011fu kanaatindeyim.<\/p>\n

Talat, Enver, Cemal, Bahaeddin \u015eakir, Dr. Naz\u0131m, Ziya G\u00f6kalp, Dr. Re\u015fid vb. gibi \u0130TC hiyerar\u015fisinin tepesinde\/\u00e7ekirde\u011finde yer alan, katliamlar\u0131 organize eden ve \u201cideolojik elitler\u201d olarak temay\u00fcz eden faillerin yan\u0131nda Mustafa Re\u015fat, Ali R\u0131za \u00d6\u011fe, H\u00fcseyin Aziz Aky\u00fcrek vb. gibi ideolojik motivasyonlarla hareket etmekten ziyade imha siyasetinin teknik ve b\u00fcrokratik i\u015fleyi\u015fini ve verimlili\u011fini sa\u011flayan \u201cteknokrat faillere\u201d odaklanmak, Ermeni soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n di\u011fer kolektif \u015fiddet olaylar\u0131 ile kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan literat\u00fcrde yeni patikalar a\u00e7abilir.<\/p>\n

Benzer isimleri de saysak, yeri gelmi\u015fken..<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00d6rne\u011fin, Mustafa Re\u015fat Mimaro\u011flu ile benzer bir kariyer patikas\u0131na sahip ve onunla mesai arkada\u015f\u0131 olan b\u00fcrokratlardan bir di\u011feri H\u00fcseyin Aziz Aky\u00fcrek\u2019tir. 1882 do\u011fumlu H\u00fcseyin Aziz, Mustafa Re\u015fat gibi 1899\u2019da M\u00fclkiye\u2019den mezun olduktan sonra 1903\u2019te \u015eura-y\u0131 Devlet M\u00fclkiye Dairesi\u2019nde memur olarak \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya ba\u015flar. \u0130ttihat ve Terakki \u00fcyesi olarak birka\u00e7 kazada kaymakaml\u0131k g\u00f6revi y\u00fcr\u00fctt\u00fckten sonra 6 A\u011fustos 1914\u2019te Emniyet-i Umumiye M\u00fcd\u00fcriyeti Siyasi K\u0131s\u0131m yard\u0131mc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131na atan\u0131r ve b\u00f6ylece Mustafa Re\u015fat\u2019\u0131n yard\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131 olur. Ayn\u0131 Aky\u00fcrek, 24 Nisan 1916 tarihinde terfian ve asaleten Emniyet-i Umumiye M\u00fcd\u00fcriyeti\u2019ne tayin edilir. Kendisinin bu g\u00f6revdeyken Enver Pa\u015fa taraf\u0131ndan Kas\u0131m 1913\u2019te Harbiye Nezareti\u2019ne ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak kurulan Te\u015fkilat-\u0131 Mahsusa\u2019n\u0131n ilk be\u015f idarecisi aras\u0131nda yer ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 iddia edilir. M\u00fctareke sonras\u0131, 27 Nisan 1919\u2019da Divan-i Harbi \u00d6rfi\u2019nin g\u0131yab\u0131nda yarg\u0131lad\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u0130ttihat ve Terakki y\u00f6neticileri aras\u0131ndad\u0131r. H\u00fcseyin Aziz Bey, Te\u015fkilat-\u0131 Mahsusa\u2019n\u0131n harp devresindeki eylemlerinden sorumlu tutulur. Bu s\u0131rada kendisi Almanya\u2019da firaridir. A\u011fustos 1920\u2019de hakk\u0131ndaki yarg\u0131lamalar Divan-i Harbi \u00d6rfilerin kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131yla son bulur. 24 Eyl\u00fcl 1922\u2019de Yunan i\u015fgalinden yeni kurtar\u0131lm\u0131\u015f Saruhan sanca\u011f\u0131na mutasarr\u0131f olarak atan\u0131r. Akabinde A\u011fustos 1923\u2019te \u0130zmir valisi ve Aral\u0131k 1924\u2019te \u0130zmir Belediye Ba\u015fkan\u0131 olur. 1927 genel se\u00e7imlerinde Erzurum mebusu se\u00e7ilen H\u00fcseyin Aziz Bey, 1946\u2019ya kadar Meclis\u2019tedir. 29 May\u0131s 1947 tarihinde Vak\u0131flar Genel M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc \u0130dare Meclis Ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131\u2019nda g\u00f6rev al\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Ondan \u00f6nceki \u0130zmir valisi Mustafa Abd\u00fclhalik Renda, Bitlis Ermenileri\u2019nin tehciri ve katliam\u0131ndan sorumlu bir di\u011fer soyk\u0131r\u0131m faili ve b\u00fcrokrat\u0131d\u0131r. 1916\u2019da Halep valisi olan Mustafa Abd\u00fclhalik Bey buradaki Ermenilerin Der Zor\u2019a tehcir edilmesi i\u015fini b\u00fcy\u00fck bir co\u015fku ve i\u015ftiyakla yerine getirmi\u015ftir. Eyl\u00fcl 1922\u2019deki \u0130zmir yang\u0131n\u0131ndan sonra Talat Pa\u015fa\u2019n\u0131n en g\u00fcvendi\u011fi b\u00fcrokratlardan olan bu iki ismin \u015fehri y\u00f6netmesi \u015fa\u015f\u0131rt\u0131c\u0131 de\u011fildir, zira Mustafa Re\u015fat dahil olmak \u00fczere bu \u00fc\u00e7 teknokrat da Talat\u2019\u0131n ekibinden\/tak\u0131m\u0131ndan\/okulundan ki\u015filerdir, onun \u201cmezunlar\u0131\u201dd\u0131r. Mustafa Abd\u00fclhalik Renda da, Talat Pa\u015fa kontenjan\u0131ndan Cumhuriyet rejimi kadrolar\u0131nda vali, bakan, milletvekili ve T\u00fcrkiye B\u00fcy\u00fck Millet Meclisi Ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi \u00fcst d\u00fczey makamlarda kendisine yer bulmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n

\"\u015eavar\u015f<\/div>\n
\u015eavar\u015f Misakyan<\/span><\/em><\/div>\n

Mimaro\u011flu’nun Ermenice biliyor olmas\u0131 dikkat \u00e7ekici. 24 Nisan 1915 tutuklamalar\u0131n\u0131 da masa ba\u015f\u0131ndan sevk ve idare eden isimlerden birisi. Ancak o gece, yani 24 Nisan gecesi \u015eavar\u015f Misakyan bulunam\u0131yor ve uzunca bir s\u00fcre saklan\u0131yor. Yakaland\u0131ktan sonraki sorgusu ile ilgili olarak Mimaro\u011flu’nun kendisi hakk\u0131ndaki iddialar\u0131na da y\u0131llar sonra yan\u0131t veriyor Misakyan. Kitab\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n en ilgin\u00e7 b\u00f6l\u00fcmlerinden birisi buras\u0131 bence. Burada sanki tarihsel bir kar\u015f\u0131la\u015fmadan s\u00f6z edebilir miyiz?\u00a0 Aralar\u0131ndaki diyalog da \u00e7ok dikkat \u00e7ekici \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc. Yani Misakyan’\u0131n sorguda \u201cMadem Ermeni komitac\u0131lar su\u00e7luydu. b\u00fct\u00fcn halk\u0131 yakaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131za ve \u00e7\u00f6llere kadar s\u00fcrece\u011finize bir tek onlar\u0131n pe\u015fine d\u00fc\u015fseydiniz” demesi ve Mimaro\u011flu\u2019nun yan\u0131t\u0131…<\/strong><\/p>\n

Kesinlikle \u201ctarihsel bir kar\u015f\u0131la\u015fma\u201d bu. Bence \u00e7ok iyi ifade ettiniz. Esas\u0131nda bu kar\u015f\u0131la\u015fma bir anlamda her iki \u201ctaraf\u201d\u0131n Ermeni sorununu nas\u0131l ele ald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 da ortaya koyuyor. Bir fail ile onun kurban\u0131n\u0131n da kar\u015f\u0131la\u015fmas\u0131 bu bir anlamda. Mustafa Re\u015fat\u2019\u0131n Ermenilerin kendi s\u00f6zleriyle \u2018ihanetine\u2019, faaliyetlerine y\u00f6nelik b\u00fct\u00fcn iddialar\u0131na ve ortaya koydu\u011fu tarihsel anlat\u0131ya bir cevap niteli\u011finde Misakyan\u2019\u0131n hat\u0131rat\u0131. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla burada bu kitabin \u00f6nemli kaynaklar\u0131ndan biri olan Mustafa Re\u015fat\u2019\u0131n G\u00f6rd\u00fcklerim ve Ge\u00e7irdiklerim ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 hat\u0131rat\u0131yla, Misakyan\u2019\u0131n an\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n da kar\u015f\u0131la\u015fmas\u0131na, y\u00fczle\u015fmesine tan\u0131k oluyoruz.<\/p>\n

Gerek Mustafa Re\u015fat\u2019\u0131n gerekse\u00a0 Ali R\u0131za \u00d6\u011fe\u2019nin an\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 kaleme ald\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131, bunlar\u0131 tefrikalar halinde 1935 Mart\u2019\u0131nda d\u00f6nemin gazetelerinden\u00a0Zaman<\/em>\u2019da yay\u0131mland\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6\u011frenen ve m\u00fctarekeden sonra Paris\u2019e yerle\u015fmi\u015f olan \u015eavar\u015f Misakyan, bu hat\u0131ralarda kendisiyle ilgili b\u00f6l\u00fcmlerde yaz\u0131lanlara ve iki taraf\u0131n iddialar\u0131na ayn\u0131 y\u0131l gazetesi Hara\u00e7\u2019ta kendi an\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 yay\u0131mlayarak cevap veriyor. Misakyan, yakalanmas\u0131ndan sorguya \u00e7ekilmesine, oradan askeri mahkemeye \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmas\u0131na ve m\u00fctareke d\u00f6neminde serbest b\u0131rak\u0131lmas\u0131na kadar olan s\u00fcrece dair Mustafa Re\u015fat ve Ali R\u0131za\u2019n\u0131n anlatt\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n as\u0131ls\u0131z ve mesnetsiz ithamlar oldu\u011funu en ba\u015f\u0131ndan ifade ediyor. Akabinde bu iddialara tek tek cevap veriyor. Misakyan\u2019\u0131n hat\u0131rat\u0131, 24 Nisan 1915 operasyonunda Mustafa Re\u015fat\u2019\u0131n ne derece etkin ve kilit bir rol oynad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6stermesi ve en ba\u015f\u0131nda \u00e7er\u00e7evesini \u00e7izmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z Mustafa Re\u015fat \u00f6zelinde \u201csoyk\u0131r\u0131m teknokrat\u0131\/b\u00fcrokrat\u0131\u201d kavram\u0131n\u0131n somutla\u015fmas\u0131 ve i\u00e7inin doldurulmas\u0131 bak\u0131m\u0131ndan \u00f6nem arz ediyor.<\/p>\n

Sizin de belirtti\u011finiz gibi t\u00fcrl\u00fc i\u015fkencelerden ge\u00e7tikten sonra yakla\u015f\u0131k \u00fc\u00e7 ay komiserli\u011fin hapishanesinde kalan \u015eavar\u015f Misakyan, sorgular\u0131n birinde Mustafa Re\u015fat\u2019a \u201cMadem Ermeni komiteciler su\u00e7luydu b\u00fct\u00fcn halk\u0131 yakaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131za, \u00e7\u00f6llere kadar s\u00fcrece\u011finize bir tek onlar\u0131n pe\u015fine d\u00fc\u015fseydiniz\u201d dedi\u011finde, Mustafa Re\u015fat Bey\u2019in kendisine verdi\u011fi cevap, tarihe not d\u00fc\u015f\u00fclecek nitelikte: \u201cYara kangren olmu\u015ftu\u2026 H\u0131n\u00e7ak, Ta\u015fnak bunlar\u0131n hi\u00e7birinin benden gizlisi sakl\u0131s\u0131 olamaz. Ne yapt\u0131ysak olmad\u0131, be\u015f ya\u015f\u0131ndaki \u00e7ocuk b\u00fcy\u00fcr ayn\u0131 yolda devam eder. \u015eimdi Suriye\u2019de rahat edersiniz, Araplar daha iyidir, gidin onlarla anla\u015f\u0131n.\u201d<\/p>\n

\u0130kili aras\u0131nda ge\u00e7en bu diyalog, bir polis m\u00fcd\u00fcr\u00fc ve b\u00fcrokrat\/memur olarak Mustafa Re\u015fat\u2019\u0131n \u201cErmeni Sorunu\u201d ile ne derece ha\u015f\u0131r ne\u015fir oldu\u011funun g\u00f6stergesi asl\u0131nda. \u0130laveten, Mustafa Re\u015fat Bey\u2019in meseleyi tan\u0131mlarken ve sorunu kendi da\u011farc\u0131\u011f\u0131yla te\u015fhis ederken se\u00e7ti\u011fi ve kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131 kelimeler, karar verici siyasi akt\u00f6rlerin emri alt\u0131nda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan bir b\u00fcrokrat\u0131n\/teknokrat\u0131n zihniyetini anlamam\u0131z a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan \u00e7arp\u0131c\u0131. Talat Pa\u015fa\u2019n\u0131n ifadesiyle \u201ckamilen izale edilmesi gereken bir gaile\u201d olan Ermeni meselesi, ona mutlak itaatle y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fc teknokrat Mustafa Re\u015fat i\u00e7in kangren olmu\u015f bir yarad\u0131r; bu yaran\u0131n\/gailenin tamamen ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in tek \u00e7are kesip at\u0131lmas\u0131d\u0131r. Biri siyaset\u00e7i di\u011feri b\u00fcrokrat\/teknokrat olan bu iki tarihi ki\u015fili\u011fin bu meseleye yakla\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131ndaki zihinsel s\u00fcreklilik dikkate de\u011fer. \u0130\u015fte raison d\u2019\u00e9tat, yani devlet akl\u0131 dedi\u011fimiz kavram tam anlam\u0131yla bu \u015fekilde v\u00fccut bulur.<\/p>\n

Mimaro\u011flu y\u0131llar sonra Ermeni katliam\u0131nda yanl\u0131\u015f i\u015fler yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kabul ediyor mu yoksa, t\u00fcm bu icraat\u0131 hakl\u0131 bulan bir pozisyonda m\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fcyor hayat\u0131n\u0131?<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u201cBenim su\u00e7um yoktur; s\u0131rf vazifesini kanun ve nizamlar dairesinde yapm\u0131\u015f bir memurdan ba\u015fka bir \u015fey de\u011filim.\u201d M\u00fctareke sonras\u0131 g\u00f6zalt\u0131ndaki sorgusunda kendisine y\u00f6neltilen su\u00e7lamalara bu cevab\u0131 veriyor Mustafa Re\u015fat Mimaro\u011flu. O, her memur, b\u00fcrokrat veya teknokrat gibi, kanunlar ve y\u00f6netmelikler neyi gerektiriyorsa g\u00f6revini o \u015fekilde yapmakla, \u00fcstlerinin emirlerini ve talimatlar\u0131n\u0131 sorgusuz sualsiz yerine getirmekle y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcd\u00fcr. Zira, Ahmet Emin Yalman\u2019\u0131n da vurgulad\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00fczere, \u201ckanundan k\u0131l kadar ayr\u0131lmaya raz\u0131\u201d olmayan bir devlet memurudur.<\/p>\n

Ancak Mustafa Re\u015fat\u2019\u0131n yukar\u0131da anlatmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z eylemlerine bizatihi hat\u0131rat\u0131n\u0131n merce\u011finden bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda, yap\u0131p ettiklerinin, tercihlerinin ve bunlar\u0131n sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n fark\u0131nda oldu\u011funu g\u00f6zlemlemek m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. Adolf Eichmann da hi\u00e7bir zaman anti-semit olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131, hassas do\u011fas\u0131n\u0131n ceset ve kan g\u00f6rmeye dayanamad\u0131\u011f\u0131, ki\u015fisel olarak Yahudilerin imhas\u0131yla bir ilgisinin bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131, g\u00f6rev tan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n olan\u0131 ve biteni g\u00f6zlemlemek ve \u00fcstlerine rapor etmek oldu\u011fu savunmas\u0131na s\u0131\u011f\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n

Mustafa Re\u015fat\u2019\u0131n 24 Nisan\u2019da tutuklanan Ermeni ayd\u0131nlar\u0131 \u00f6l\u00fcme g\u00f6nderen eylemleri, onun i\u00e7in modern bir b\u00fcrokratik organizasyonda adeta s\u0131radan idari i\u015flemlerden biridir. Bu anlamda Weber\u2019in modern b\u00fcrokrasi i\u00e7in kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u201cdemir kafes\u201d metaforunun Mimaro\u011flu i\u00e7in ge\u00e7erli oldu\u011funu s\u00f6ylemek g\u00fc\u00e7t\u00fcr zira ona verilen g\u00f6revi lay\u0131k\u0131yla yerine getirmek i\u00e7in olduk\u00e7a istekli ve bilin\u00e7lidir, hatta kendisini bu hususta yetkili hisseder.<\/p>\n

Ermeni soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 tarihsel bir ba\u011flama oturtarak soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131n nas\u0131l bir s\u00fcre\u00e7 sonucunda, hangi idari mekanizmalarla m\u00fcmk\u00fcn k\u0131l\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131; bu mekanizmalar\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131ndaki teknokratlar\u0131n, karar vericilerin i\u015fini nas\u0131l kolayla\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve en \u00f6nemlisi bu felaketin modern bir b\u00fcrokratik yap\u0131da husule geldi\u011fini anlamak i\u00e7in Mustafa Re\u015fat Mimaro\u011flu\u2019nu ve eylemlerini irdelemek \u00f6nemlidir. Burada esas mesele orta \u00f6l\u00e7ekli bir b\u00fcrokrat\u0131n soyk\u0131r\u0131m \u00e7ark\u0131n\u0131n nas\u0131l istekli ve g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fc bir di\u015flisi oldu\u011funu anlamaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmakt\u0131r; olay\u0131n zorlu\u011fu ve bam teli tam da burada d\u00fc\u011f\u00fcmlenir.<\/p>\n

Son tahlilde Mustafa Re\u015fat, Ermenilerin ba\u015f\u0131na gelen felakette do\u011frudan oynad\u0131\u011f\u0131 rol ve \u00fcstlendi\u011fi vazife ile ilgili herhangi bir pi\u015fmanl\u0131k emaresi g\u00f6stermeyen, hatta yapt\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n ve yap\u0131lanlar\u0131n bilincinde olup bunlarla \u00f6v\u00fcnen, \u201cvatana hizmet etmek\u201d gibi kutsal bir g\u00f6revi yerine getirdi\u011fine inanan b\u00fcrokrat bir Cumhuriyet elitidir. Esas itibar\u0131yla Mustafa Re\u015fat Mimaro\u011flu\u2019nun hayat hik\u00e2yesi ve \u00f6zellikle soyk\u0131r\u0131m sonras\u0131 kariyeri, Mustafa Kemal liderli\u011finde, aralar\u0131nda mebzul miktarda \u0130ttihat\u00e7\u0131 bulunan, o d\u00f6nemki ad\u0131 ve san\u0131yla Kemalist kadrolar\u0131n \u015fekillendirdi\u011fi yeni ulus devletin bir\u00a0\u201cFailler(in) Cumhuriyeti\u201d<\/em>\u00a0oldu\u011funu, net, a\u00e7\u0131k ve somut bir bi\u00e7imde g\u00f6zler \u00f6n\u00fcne serer.<\/p>\n

Yeni modern ulus devlet ve Cumhuriyet rejimi, \u015e\u00fckr\u00fc Kaya, Tahsin Uzer, Abd\u00fclhalik Renda, Ali R\u0131za \u00d6\u011fe, Zeynel Abidin \u00d6zmen, H\u00fcseyin Aziz Aky\u00fcrek, Esat Uras ve Mustafa Re\u015fat Mimaro\u011flu gibi \u00fcst, orta, alt-orta ve alt \u00f6l\u00e7ekli b\u00fcrokrat-teknokrat kadrolar\u0131n te\u015fkil etti\u011fi bu ku\u015fa\u011f\u0131n eme\u011fi, mesaisi, \u00e7abalar\u0131, eylemleri ve zihniyeti \u00fczerine oturur. Mustafa Re\u015fat ba\u015fta olmak \u00fczere s\u00f6z konusu \u015fahsiyetler \u201cemeklerinin\u201d kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 fazlas\u0131yla alm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r<\/p>\n

\"\u00dcmit<\/div>\n
\u00dcmit Kurt (Foto: Miran Manukyan)<\/span><\/em><\/div>\n

Cumhuriyetin ilk y\u0131llar\u0131nda K\u00fcrtlerin yo\u011fun olarak ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 b\u00f6lgelerde de resmi g\u00f6revlerde bulunuyor ve g\u00f6zlemlerini payla\u015f\u0131yor. Buradaki pozisyonu nedir?\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

Mustafa Re\u015fat\u2019\u0131n bu husustaki pozisyonunu kitapta \u201cCumhuriyet D\u00f6nemi ve \u015eark Tefti\u015fi\u201d ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 b\u00f6l\u00fcmde detayland\u0131rmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131m. Mustafa Re\u015fat, 1923\u2019te Dahiliye Vekaleti taraf\u0131ndan Diyarbak\u0131r\u2019a \u0130kinci S\u0131n\u0131f M\u00fclkiye M\u00fcfetti\u015fi olarak atan\u0131yor. \u00d6ncelikli m\u00fcfetti\u015flik merkezi Siirt. \u0130laveten Bitlis, Gen\u00e7, Mu\u015f, Van ve Hakk\u00e2ri, m\u0131nt\u0131kas\u0131 dahilinde. Daha sonra buralara Diyarbak\u0131r, Mardin ve Siverek ekleniyor. Mustafa Re\u015fat Bey\u2019in Do\u011fu vilayetlerine dair bilgisi ve g\u00f6zlemleri dikkat \u00e7ekici. Etnografik \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma yapan bir ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131 gibi g\u00f6rev yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131, gezdi\u011fi, g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ve ge\u00e7ti\u011fi yerler hakk\u0131nda tafsilatl\u0131 bilgiler topluyor. Buralar\u0131n demografik, sosyo-ekonomik, sosyo-k\u00fclt\u00fcrel ve sosyo-politik yap\u0131s\u0131na ili\u015fkin \u00f6nemli notlar al\u0131r. Bu b\u00f6lgeleri k\u00f6y k\u00f6y, kasaba kasaba, mezra mezra bilir.<\/p>\n

Bir m\u00fcfetti\u015f olarak toplad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bilgiler, edindi\u011fi g\u00f6zlem ve izlenimler ileriki d\u00f6nemlerde devletin do\u011fu vilayetlerinde uygulayaca\u011f\u0131 siyasalar i\u00e7in temel te\u015fkil eder. En az\u0131ndan bu b\u00f6lgelerin zemin et\u00fcd\u00fcn\u00fc yapan Mustafa Re\u015fat\u2019\u0131n, bir hayli oryantalist-medeniyet\u00e7i ve modernist olan izlenimleri var. Mimaro\u011flu bu b\u00f6lgeleri h\u00fck\u00fcmetin n\u00fcfuzunun i\u015flemedi\u011fi, giremedi\u011fi; geli\u015ftirilmesi, bay\u0131nd\u0131r hale getirilmesi, \u201c\u0131slah edilmesi\u201d ve \u201cmedenile\u015ftirilmesi\u201d gereken yerler olarak tasvir eder.<\/p>\n

Mustafa Re\u015fat\u2019\u0131n K\u00fcrt co\u011frafyas\u0131na dair raporlar\u0131nda yer verdi\u011fi g\u00f6zlemlerin ve benimsedi\u011fi yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131n devletin b\u00f6lgeye ve K\u00fcrt sorununa bak\u0131\u015f\u0131nda 1990\u2019lar\u0131n sonuna kadar hakim oldu\u011funu s\u00f6ylemek m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

Ne diyor bu konuda?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n temelinde K\u00fcrtlerin meskun olduklar\u0131 co\u011frafyadaki feodal a\u015firet yap\u0131s\u0131ndan mustarip olduklar\u0131, ekonomik olarak azgeli\u015fmi\u015f, medeniyetten yoksun bir yap\u0131da hayat s\u00fcrd\u00fckleri; devletin b\u00f6lgeyi sosyo-ekonomik politikalar \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde kalk\u0131nd\u0131rmas\u0131, ekonomik faaliyetlerin modernizasyonu ve b\u00f6lge halk\u0131n\u0131n \u0131slah\u0131yla bu sorunlar\u0131n giderilebilece\u011fi anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131 var. Bu nedenle K\u00fcrtlerin neredeyse 19. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n sonundan g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze kadar s\u00fcregelen demokratikle\u015fme eksenindeki reform talepleri bu ekonomik indirgemeci, merkeziyet\u00e7i, modernist ve devlet\u00e7i ak\u0131l\/zihniyet taraf\u0131ndan bo\u011fulmu\u015ftur. Mustafa Re\u015fat Mimaro\u011flu bu zihniyetin ilk tohumlar\u0131n\u0131 atm\u0131\u015f, bir anlamda onun harc\u0131n\u0131 karm\u0131\u015f ve ona bolca da m\u00fchimmat sa\u011flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu zihniyet devaml\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n devletin bekas\u0131 paydas\u0131nda bulu\u015ftu\u011funun alt\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7izmek gerekir. Bilhassa K\u00fcrtlerin g\u00fcvenli, huzurlu, e\u015fit vatanda\u015fl\u0131k temelinde ya\u015fama ve bunun anayasayla garanti alt\u0131na al\u0131nmas\u0131 gibi talepleriyle Ermenilerin Abd\u00fclhamid d\u00f6neminden \u0130ttihat ve Terakki\u2019ye kadar olan s\u00fcre\u00e7teki reform talepleri ciddi benzerlikler ihtiva eder. Haddizat\u0131nda Mustafa Re\u015fat\u2019\u0131n teknokrat kimli\u011finde somutla\u015fan ve temsil edilen, devletin K\u00fcrt meselesine ili\u015fkin h\u00e2kim paradigmas\u0131 ve bunun etraf\u0131nda \u015fekillenen politikalar\u0131, \u00f6ncesinde Ermeniler \u00f6zelinde tehcir, taktil ve imha; K\u00fcrtler s\u00f6z konusu oldu\u011funda ise \u015fiddetle bast\u0131rma, bask\u0131, imha, ink\u00e2r ve asimilasyon olmu\u015ftur. Devlet zihniyetindeki bu s\u00fcreklili\u011fin ilk eskizlerini \u00e7izenlerden biri Mustafa Re\u015fat\u2019t\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Hat\u0131rat\u0131nda yer verdi\u011fi b\u00fct\u00fcn bu tafsilatl\u0131 raporlar\u0131, layihalar\u0131 ve bilgileri; Tanzimat\u2019tan beri devlet ricalinin ve b\u00fcrokrasisinin Do\u011fu ve G\u00fcneydo\u011fu\u2019ya y\u00f6nelik merkeziyet\u00e7i, modernist, ehlile\u015ftirici, \u0131slah edici ve medenile\u015ftirici s\u00f6ylemlerini ve siyasalar\u0131n\u0131 benimsedi\u011fini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm\u00fczde, Mustafa Re\u015fat Bey\u2019in K\u00fcrtlerin sistematik asimilasyonunu ama\u00e7layan bir etno-demografik sosyal m\u00fchendislik projesi olan, ba\u015fta 25 Eyl\u00fcl 1925 tarihli \u015eark Islahat Plan\u0131 olmak \u00fczere, yukar\u0131da bahsi ge\u00e7en Umumi M\u00fcfetti\u015flik raporlar\u0131n\u0131n, 14 Haziran 1934 tarihli \u0130sk\u00e2n Kanunu\u2019nun ve 1935 Tunceli Kanunu\u2019nun altyap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n\/zemininin temellerini atan b\u00fcrokratlardan biri oldu\u011funu iddia etmek zor de\u011fildir. Mimaro\u011flu\u2019nun, bu b\u00f6lgelerin etnografik, antropolojik, demografik, jeolojik, ekonomik ve toplumsal \u00f6zelliklerine ili\u015fkin bilgileri, verileri i\u00e7eren, \u0130\u00e7i\u015fleri Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131\u2019na sundu\u011fu raporlar\u0131n, Zafer Toprak\u2019\u0131n vurgulad\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00fczere, Dersim \u201charek\u00e2t\u0131\u201d \u00f6ncesi ve sonras\u0131 toplumsal yap\u0131y\u0131 g\u00f6zler \u00f6n\u00fcne serdi\u011fini de iddia etmek m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

Zira Necmeddin Sahir S\u0131lan Ar\u015fivi ile Do\u011fu Raporlar\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, S\u0131lan\u2019\u0131n Tunceli (Dersim) vilayeti ve kazalar\u0131na ili\u015fkin haz\u0131rlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 raporlar ve bu raporlarda sundu\u011fu bilgi repertuvar\u0131, kendisi gibi bir teknokrat\/b\u00fcrokrat olan Mimaro\u011flu\u2019nunkilerle somut benzerlikler i\u00e7erir. Bu anlamda Mustafa Re\u015fat\u2019\u0131n toplad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve siyasi elitlere sundu\u011fu geni\u015f bilgilerin \u201c\u015eark Sorunu\u201dna ili\u015fkin \u00f6nemli ipu\u00e7lar\u0131 sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yleyebiliriz. Zaten Dersim ba\u015fta olmak \u00fczere bahsi ge\u00e7en b\u00f6lgelerde 1927\u2019de Umumi M\u00fcfetti\u015flikler kurulur.<\/p>\n

Umumi M\u00fcfetti\u015fler de t\u0131pk\u0131 Mustafa Re\u015fat Bey gibi, \u0130\u00e7i\u015fleri Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131\u2019na b\u00f6lgenin durumuna ili\u015fkin raporlar sunarlar. Memleketin \u201cgeri kalm\u0131\u015f\u201d b\u00f6lgelerindeki \u201c\u0131slah\u201d \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131 denetleyen, K\u00fcrt sorunu ile yak\u0131ndan ilgilenen, memleket sath\u0131nda \u00f6rg\u00fctl\u00fc bir b\u00fcrokratik a\u011f\u0131n, merkezi devlet g\u00fcc\u00fc ve otoritesinin tesisi i\u00e7in u\u011fra\u015fan umumi m\u00fcfetti\u015flerin, Mustafa Re\u015fat Mimaro\u011flu\u2019nun \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131ndan, raporlar\u0131ndan istifade etti\u011fini ve ondan ilham ald\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6zlemlemek m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. Yeni kurulan Cumhuriyet\u2019in siyasi ve idari kadrolar\u0131n\u0131n b\u00f6lgeye y\u00f6nelik kolonyal yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131, bu co\u011frafyay\u0131 onlar nezdinde adeta zapturapt alt\u0131na al\u0131nmas\u0131 ve fethedilmesi gereken bir \u201cmek\u00e2n\u201d haline d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. 19. y\u00fczy\u0131la uzanan bir ge\u00e7mi\u015fe sahip, b\u00f6lgeye y\u00f6nelik bu dahili\/yerli\/i\u00e7 s\u00f6m\u00fcrgeci yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131n b\u00fcrokratik ve idari payandalar\u0131n\u0131n, s\u00fctunlar\u0131n\u0131n te\u015fekk\u00fcl\u00fcnde bir teknokrat memur olarak Mustafa Re\u015fat\u2019\u0131n Dahiliye Vekaleti\u2019ne sundu\u011fu raporlar\u0131 ve kendisinin bu co\u011frafyaya ili\u015fkin yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131 \u00f6nemli rol oynar.<\/p>\n

Mustafa Re\u015fat Bey\u2019in memurlu\u011funun ilk d\u00f6neminden beri neredeyse tak\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 bi\u00e7imde ele\u015ftirdi\u011fi ve Do\u011fu\/G\u00fcneydo\u011fu b\u00f6lgelerindeki en ba\u015fat sorun olarak g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc a\u015firetlere dayal\u0131 feodal d\u00fczen, 1938\u2019de Dersim\u2019de ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilen \u201ctedib\u201d hareketiyle ilga edilir. Bu b\u00f6lge, Mimaro\u011flu\u2019nun layihalar\u0131nda defaatle belirtti\u011fi \u00fczere, devletin kontrol\u00fcnde, bir toplum ve etnisite m\u00fchendisli\u011fi etraf\u0131nda \u201cmodernle\u015ftirilir.\u201d Devletin b\u00f6lgeye y\u00f6nelik yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131ndaki ve buna ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak uygulamaya koydu\u011fu siyasalardaki devaml\u0131l\u0131k ve s\u00fcreklilik dikkat \u00e7ekicidir. Bu meseleye ili\u015fkin raison d\u2019etat Mustafa Re\u015fat gibi bir b\u00fcrokratta somutla\u015f\u0131r.
\nhttps:\/\/www.agos.com.tr\/tr\/yazi\/29648\/savars-misakyanin-mimarogluna-yonelttigi-tarihsel-soru\u00a0<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Yetvart Danzikyan Tarih\u00e7i \u00dcmit Kurt\u2019un \u201cKanun ve Nizam Dairesinde: Soyk\u0131r\u0131m Teknokrat\u0131 Mustafa Re\u015fat Mimaro\u011flu\u2019nun \u0130zinde Osmanl\u0131\u2019dan Cumhuriyet\u2019e Devlet Mekanizmas\u0131\u201d ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 yeni \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 ge\u00e7ti\u011fimiz haftalarda Aras Yay\u0131nc\u0131l\u0131k\u2019tan \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. Kurt, 24 Nisan 1915 tutuklamalar\u0131n\u0131 ve devam\u0131ndaki soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 \u201cmasa ba\u015f\u0131nda\u201d uygulayan \u00f6nemli b\u00fcrokratlardan \u2013daha sonra Dan\u0131\u015ftay Ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131\u2019na kadar y\u00fckselecek- Mustafa Re\u015fat Mimaro\u011flu\u2019nun hayat\u0131na, Ermenilerin s\u00fcr\u00fclmesini nas\u0131l me\u015frula\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131na ve […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":77707,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[44,1,71,20],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-77705","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ermeni-soykirimi","category-haberler","category-mulakatlar","category-tarih-sayfalari"],"yoast_head":"\n\u015eavar\u015f Misakyan\u2019\u0131n Mimaro\u011flu\u2019na y\u00f6neltti\u011fi tarihsel soru - Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=77705\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\u015eavar\u015f Misakyan\u2019\u0131n Mimaro\u011flu\u2019na y\u00f6neltti\u011fi tarihsel soru - Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Yetvart Danzikyan Tarih\u00e7i \u00dcmit Kurt\u2019un \u201cKanun ve Nizam Dairesinde: Soyk\u0131r\u0131m Teknokrat\u0131 Mustafa Re\u015fat Mimaro\u011flu\u2019nun \u0130zinde Osmanl\u0131\u2019dan Cumhuriyet\u2019e Devlet Mekanizmas\u0131\u201d ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 yeni \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 ge\u00e7ti\u011fimiz haftalarda Aras Yay\u0131nc\u0131l\u0131k\u2019tan \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. 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