{"id":77055,"date":"2023-11-27T02:43:50","date_gmt":"2023-11-27T07:43:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=77055"},"modified":"2023-11-27T02:43:50","modified_gmt":"2023-11-27T07:43:50","slug":"insan-haklarinda-duraklama-degil-gerileme-donemindeyiz","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=77055","title":{"rendered":"“\u0130nsan haklar\u0131nda duraklama de\u011fil, gerileme d\u00f6nemindeyiz”"},"content":{"rendered":"
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\u0130\u015fhan Erdin\u00e7<\/a><\/span> \u00a0<\/span><\/strong><\/div>\n
Hrant Dink Vakf\u0131\u2019n\u0131n d\u00fczenledi\u011fi \u201cCumhuriyet\u2019in 100. Y\u0131l\u0131nda Az\u0131nl\u0131k Haklar\u0131\u201d Konferans\u0131 17-18 Kas\u0131m tarihlerinde Anarad H\u0131\u011futyun Binas\u0131 Havak salonunda ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirildi. Konferansa yurti\u00e7i ve yurtd\u0131\u015f\u0131ndan \u00e7ok say\u0131da akademisyen tebli\u011f sundu, konu pek \u00e7ok farkl\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131dan ele al\u0131nd\u0131, tart\u0131\u015f\u0131ld\u0131. Konferans\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u015f tebli\u011fini ise BM Az\u0131nl\u0131k Konular\u0131 Eski \u00d6zel Raport\u00f6r\u00fc Fernand de Varennes sundu. Varennes \u2018”Az\u0131nl\u0131k Haklar\u0131 \u0130nsan Haklar\u0131d\u0131r. Bunun BM, Avrupa Konseyi ve AB ile Az\u0131nl\u0131klar A\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan Anlam\u0131 Nedir?\u2019” ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 tebli\u011finde, d\u00fcnya genelinde az\u0131nl\u0131k haklar\u0131 konusunda gerileme ya\u015fand\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n alt\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7izdi. Fernand de Varennes, sosyal medyada nefret s\u00f6yleminin giderek artt\u0131\u011f\u0131na da de\u011findi. Konu\u015fman\u0131n tamam\u0131n\u0131 sunuyoruz.<\/span><\/strong><\/em><\/div>\n
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Her \u015feyden \u00f6nce minnetimi ifade etmek istiyorum. Bu konferansa davet edilmekten b\u00fcy\u00fck onur duyuyorum. Hrant Dink Vakf\u0131\u2019na \u00e7ok te\u015fekk\u00fcr etmek istiyorum. Onlar\u0131n sayesinde bu sabah sizlerleyim. \u00d6n\u00fcm\u00fczdeki iki g\u00fcn \u00f6nemli oturumlar olacak konferans kapsam\u0131nda. \u00d6nce d\u00fcnya ne kadar de\u011fi\u015fti, onu hat\u0131rlayal\u0131m. \u00c7ok da iyiye do\u011fru gitmedi d\u00fcnya. Hi\u00e7 \u015f\u00fcphesiz \u0130kinci D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n ard\u0131ndan uluslararas\u0131 toplum in\u015fa edildi, insan haklar\u0131 mimarisi in\u015fa edildi ve biz i\u015fte uluslararas\u0131 toplum ve uluslararas\u0131 hukukun bir par\u00e7as\u0131 olarak insan haklar\u0131n\u0131 koruma alt\u0131na ald\u0131k. Ama \u00f6zellikle son 30 y\u0131l i\u00e7erisinde az\u0131nl\u0131klar a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan insan haklar\u0131na bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda, k\u0131ta Avrupa\u2019s\u0131nda ne gibi vakalarla kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131k? Dilerseniz, bir \u00f6zet ge\u00e7elim. Charles Dickens\u2019\u0131n me\u015fhur roman\u0131n\u0131 hat\u0131rlayal\u0131m; zamanlar\u0131n en iyisiydi, zamanlar\u0131n en k\u00f6t\u00fcs\u00fcyd\u00fc. San\u0131r\u0131m biz de Avrupa\u2019da b\u00f6yle bir durumla kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131yay\u0131z. Avrupa d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda da b\u00f6yle bir durum oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yleyebiliriz.<\/p>\n

Zamanlar\u0131n en iyisiydi, buna verebilece\u011fimiz \u00f6rnekler var m\u0131? Bakal\u0131m, 30 y\u0131l \u00f6nce daha elveri\u015fli bir ortam vard\u0131 esas\u0131nda. Az\u0131nl\u0131klar\u0131n insan haklar\u0131n\u0131 kabul\u00fc konusunda \u00e7ok daha elveri\u015fli bir ortamd\u0131. 1980\u2019ler, 1990\u2019lar\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131ndan bahsediyorum. \u0130\u015fte bu d\u00f6nem, birka\u00e7 \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmadan mustaripti Avrupa. Hat\u0131rlayacaks\u0131n\u0131z Yugoslavya\u2019n\u0131n da\u011f\u0131lmas\u0131, Bosna\u2019daki sava\u015f, Korsika\u2019da, Fransa\u2019da \u015fiddet i\u00e7eren \u00e7at\u0131\u015fma, Kuzey \u0130rlanda… B\u00fct\u00fcn bunlar\u0131 hat\u0131rlayal\u0131m. Ayn\u0131 zamanda \u0130spanya Bask \u00fclkesi. B\u00fct\u00fcn \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmalar etnik, dinsel ve dilsel az\u0131nl\u0131klar i\u00e7in birtak\u0131m ma\u011fduriyetler de getirdi. Burada \u00f6zellikle az\u0131nl\u0131klar kendilerini ayr\u0131mc\u0131l\u0131\u011fa u\u011fram\u0131\u015f hissettiler, d\u0131\u015flanm\u0131\u015f hissettiler ve \u00e7o\u011fu durumda o \u00fclkenin vatanda\u015f\u0131 de\u011filmi\u015f gibi bir muamele g\u00f6rd\u00fcler.<\/p>\n

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O d\u00f6nemler, yani 30 y\u0131l \u00f6nce bir iyimserlik \u00e7a\u011f\u0131yd\u0131 ama birazc\u0131k da naif ve saft\u0131k. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc az \u00f6nce size tarif etti\u011fim bu haklar, asl\u0131nda bir vaatti. Siyaseten uygulanmas\u0131 \u015fart olan kurallar de\u011fildi, daha ziyade taahh\u00fctler idi. Ve biz sand\u0131k ki ger\u00e7ekten \u00e7ok iyi bir ilerleme kat ettik ama g\u00fcn\u00fcn sonunda geri d\u00f6n\u00fcp bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda b\u00f6yle olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcyoruz.<\/h4>\n<\/blockquote>\n

Evet, zamanlar\u0131n en k\u00f6t\u00fcs\u00fcyd\u00fc ama b\u00f6yle k\u00f6t\u00fc bir ba\u011flam sonras\u0131nda bir \u015feyler de\u011fi\u015fmeye, ilerlemeye ba\u015flad\u0131. \u0130\u015fte bu d\u00f6nem sonucunda birtak\u0131m enstr\u00fcmanlar ortaya kondu. \u00d6rne\u011fin Avrupa Konseyi\u2019nin \u2018Ulusal Az\u0131nl\u0131klar\u0131n Korunmas\u0131 \u00c7er\u00e7eve S\u00f6zle\u015fmesi\u2019 olu\u015fturuldu. Yine benzer zamanlarda b\u00f6lgesel ve az\u0131nl\u0131k dilleri Avrupa \u015fart\u0131 kabul edildi. Ayn\u0131 zamanda Birle\u015fmi\u015f Milletler\u2019in ulusal, etnik, dinsel ve dilsel az\u0131nl\u0131klar\u0131n haklar\u0131 bildirgesi yay\u0131nland\u0131. Ve Avrupa G\u00fcvenlik \u0130\u015fbirli\u011fi Te\u015fkilat\u0131\u2019n\u0131n (AG\u0130T), ulusal az\u0131nl\u0131klar \u00fczerine y\u00fcksek komiserli\u011fi yarat\u0131ld\u0131 ve 1992 y\u0131l\u0131nda faaliyetlere ba\u015flad\u0131. Ayn\u0131 zamanda Avrupa Birli\u011fi\u2019ne kat\u0131lmak isteyen \u00fclkeler i\u00e7in baz\u0131 kriterler olu\u015fturuldu ve Kopenhag Kriterleri denildi. Ve Avrupa Birli\u011fi\u2019ne kat\u0131l\u0131m i\u00e7in yeni \u00fclkelere \u015fu kriter getirildi: \u201cKurumlar\u0131n istikrarl\u0131 olmas\u0131 ve demokrasiyi garanti alt\u0131na almas\u0131; hukukun \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ve insan haklar\u0131, az\u0131nl\u0131k haklar\u0131n\u0131n korunmas\u0131 ve sayg\u0131 konular\u0131nda devlet kurumlar\u0131n\u0131n garanti alt\u0131na almas\u0131\u201d dendi. Bar\u0131\u015f, adalet, istikrar\u0131n temel ta\u015flar\u0131 biraz b\u00f6yle d\u00f6\u015fendi. Sonu\u00e7ta insan haklar\u0131ndan bahsediyoruz, insan haklar\u0131 dedi\u011fimiz zaman tabii ki az\u0131nl\u0131klar da buna giriyor. Dilsel az\u0131nl\u0131klar, dillerini kullanabilmeli ya da dinsel az\u0131nl\u0131klar ibadetlerini yapabilmeli, dini haklar\u0131n\u0131 kullanabilmeli ya da k\u00fclt\u00fcrel haklar\u0131n\u0131 kullanabilmeli.<\/p>\n

\u201c\u0130lerleme kat etti\u011fimizi sand\u0131k\u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n

Bundan 30 y\u0131l \u00f6nce, uluslararas\u0131 insan haklar\u0131 sistemini g\u00fc\u00e7lendirmek i\u00e7in yeni giri\u015fimler oldu, Viyana Deklarasyonu kabul edildi. Birle\u015fmi\u015f Milletler \u0130nsan Haklar\u0131 Uluslararas\u0131 Konferans\u0131 sonras\u0131nda deklarasyon kabul edildi. Uluslararas\u0131 insan haklar\u0131 sistemini reforme etmek isteniyordu. Bak\u0131n zaman\u0131n en k\u00f6t\u00fcs\u00fcnden zaman\u0131n en iyisine ge\u00e7i\u015f i\u00e7in b\u00fct\u00fcn bu ad\u0131mlar at\u0131ld\u0131. Aran\u0131zdan baz\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131z hat\u0131rlayacakt\u0131r, o d\u00f6nemler bir iyimserlik \u00e7a\u011f\u0131yd\u0131 ama birazc\u0131k da naif ve saft\u0131k. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc az \u00f6nce size tarif etti\u011fim bu haklar, asl\u0131nda bir vaatti. Siyaseten uygulanmas\u0131 \u015fart olan kurallar de\u011fildi, daha ziyade taahh\u00fctler idi. Ve biz sand\u0131k ki ger\u00e7ekten \u00e7ok iyi bir ilerleme kat ettik ama g\u00fcn\u00fcn sonunda geri d\u00f6n\u00fcp bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda b\u00f6yle olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcyoruz.<\/p>\n

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G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde duraklama d\u00f6nemi bile de\u011fil, gerileme d\u00f6nemi oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yleyebiliriz. \u0130nsan haklar\u0131yla ilgili y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcklere uyma konusunda ciddi bir geriye d\u00fc\u015fme s\u00f6z konusu. Avrupa Konseyi\u2019nin \u00e7er\u00e7eve s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi ve Avrupa \u015eart\u0131 tamam, imzalan\u0131yor, bir\u00e7ok h\u00fck\u00fcmet imzal\u0131yor ama asl\u0131nda bu onlar\u0131 uygulamak istedikleri anlam\u0131na gelmiyor ve uygulam\u0131yorlar.<\/h4>\n<\/blockquote>\n

Bundan 30 y\u0131l \u00f6nce, dedi\u011fim gibi bu \u00e7ok iyi bir ad\u0131md\u0131. \u0130leriye do\u011fru at\u0131lm\u0131\u015f \u00e7ok iyi bir ad\u0131md\u0131. Mesela BM\u2019nin Az\u0131nl\u0131k Haklar\u0131 Deklarasyonu. Bu bir deklarasyon, yasal bir belge de\u011fil, sadece siyasi taahh\u00fctleri bar\u0131nd\u0131ran bir belgedir. Yasal bir yapt\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 yoktur. Di\u011fer taraftan Avrupa Konseyi\u2019nin bir \u00e7er\u00e7eve s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi var, s\u00f6zle\u015fme oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in bu yasa ve uyulmas\u0131 gerekiyor. Ama deniyor ki \u00e7er\u00e7eve s\u00f6zle\u015fme. Biraz daha alengirli oluyor. Yani i\u00e7inde \u00e7er\u00e7eve ge\u00e7ti\u011fi i\u00e7in do\u011frudan uygulanabilir bir s\u00f6zle\u015fme olma \u00f6zelli\u011fini kaybediyor, baz\u0131 uzmanlara g\u00f6re. Di\u011fer bir taraftan Avrupa \u015eart\u0131 var ve Avrupa \u015eart\u0131 \u00e7ok a\u00e7\u0131k ve net bir \u015fekilde diyor ki bunu kimse, hi\u00e7bir birey ya da\u00a0 topluluk, do\u011frudan mahkemede kullanamaz diyor. Bir taraftan yasal ba\u011flay\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 var ama di\u011fer taraftan da bu yasan\u0131n ya da kural\u0131n uygulanmas\u0131n\u0131 engelliyor.<\/p>\n

B\u00fct\u00fcn bunlar\u0131 dikkate alacak olursak az\u0131nl\u0131klar\u0131n insan haklar\u0131yla ilgili do\u011frudan uygulanabilir bir yasal \u00e7er\u00e7evesi olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ya da hen\u00fcz bu s\u00fcrecin tamamlanmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6ylemek m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olabilir. Hepimizin bildi\u011fi gibi Avrupa \u0130nsan Haklar\u0131 Mahkemesi (A\u0130HM) var. A\u0130HM, Avrupa Konseyi\u2019nin s\u00f6zle\u015fmelerinden kaynaklanan haklar\u0131n ya da Avrupa \u015fart\u0131n\u0131n hi\u00e7bir hakk\u0131n\u0131 koruyamaz.<\/p>\n

\"Fernand<\/div>\n
Fernand de Varennes (FOTO: Berge Arabian)<\/span><\/em><\/div>\n

\u201c\u0130\u015fler yolunda gitmedi\u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n

Tekrar hat\u0131rlayal\u0131m o ilk d\u00f6nemde iyimser bir d\u00f6nem vard\u0131, baz\u0131 olumlu geli\u015fmeler oluyordu ama az\u0131nl\u0131k haklar\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan sonraki takip eden on y\u0131llarda i\u015fler \u00e7ok da yolunda gitmedi. G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde hem Avrupa\u2019da hem de b\u00fct\u00fcn d\u00fcnyada kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya oldu\u011fumuz duruma bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda, insan haklar\u0131na sayg\u0131 g\u00f6rm\u00fcyoruz. Yani bu duraklama d\u00f6nemi bile de\u011fil, gerileme d\u00f6nemi oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yleyebiliriz. \u0130nsan haklar\u0131yla ilgili y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcklere uyma konusunda ciddi bir geriye d\u00fc\u015fme s\u00f6z konusu. Avrupa Konseyi\u2019nin \u00e7er\u00e7eve s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi ve Avrupa \u015eart\u0131 tamam imzalan\u0131yor, bir\u00e7ok h\u00fck\u00fcmet imzal\u0131yor ama asl\u0131nda bu onlar\u0131 uygulamak istedikleri anlam\u0131na gelmiyor ve uygulam\u0131yorlar. \u00c7o\u011fu i\u00e7in de ba\u015f a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131 esas\u0131nda. Ve diyorlar ki \u2018Evet haklar var, ad\u0131mlar var\u2019\u00a0 ama g\u00f6r\u00fcyoruz asl\u0131nda geriye do\u011fru gidi\u015f var. \u015eu anda da Avrupa\u2019da pek \u00e7ok h\u00fck\u00fcmetin, az\u0131nl\u0131klar\u0131n kendi dilinde e\u011fitim hakk\u0131n\u0131 k\u0131s\u0131tlad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcyoruz. Esas\u0131nda Letonya, yak\u0131n zamanda bir kanun y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe soktu ve Rus\u00e7a dilinde e\u011fitim yasakland\u0131. \u00d6zel e\u011fitim de yasakland\u0131. Letonya\u2019da Ruslar asl\u0131nda \u00e7ok b\u00fcy\u00fck bir n\u00fcfusa sahip bir az\u0131nl\u0131k.<\/p>\n

\u201cAz\u0131nl\u0131klar daha fazla bask\u0131 alt\u0131nda\u201d<\/strong>
\nAyr\u0131mc\u0131l\u0131k, uluslararas\u0131 insan haklar\u0131 ve insanc\u0131l hukukun en \u00f6nemli par\u00e7alar\u0131ndan bir tanesi ve s\u00fcrekli g\u00f6z ard\u0131 ediliyor. Hatta A\u0130HM dahi bunu g\u00f6z ard\u0131 ediyor. \u2018Zamanlar\u0131n en k\u00f6t\u00fcs\u00fcyd\u00fc\u2019ne bir \u00f6rnek vermek gerekirse ge\u00e7ti\u011fimiz on y\u0131l i\u00e7inde Avrupa \u0130nsan Haklar\u0131, \u00f6zellikle dinsel ve dilsel az\u0131nl\u0131k haklar\u0131 konusunda gereken sempatiyi de g\u00f6steremedi.<\/p>\n

\u0130\u015fte b\u00f6yle bir ba\u011flamda az\u0131nl\u0131klar d\u00fcnyan\u0131n farkl\u0131 yerinde giderek daha fazla bask\u0131 alt\u0131ndalar, daha fazla bunalm\u0131\u015f durumdalar. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc ya\u015fad\u0131klar\u0131 \u00fclkenin h\u00fck\u00fcmetleri, onlara haklar\u0131n\u0131 vermiyor ve tan\u0131m\u0131yor. Daha k\u00fcresel \u00f6l\u00e7ekten bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda, baz\u0131 \u00fclkelerde b\u00fcy\u00fcyen bir d\u00fc\u015fmanl\u0131k oldu\u011funu g\u00f6r\u00fcyoruz ya da baz\u0131 az\u0131nl\u0131k gruplar\u0131n k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fc, dili veya dinine kar\u015f\u0131 bir ho\u015fg\u00f6r\u00fcs\u00fczl\u00fck g\u00f6r\u00fcyoruz. \u00d6zellikle devlet okullar\u0131nda ve kamusal alanlarda az\u0131nl\u0131k dillerinin konu\u015fulmas\u0131 ya da \u00f6\u011fretilmesi yasaklanabiliyor. Bu tabii \u00e7ok \u015fa\u015f\u0131rt\u0131c\u0131, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc \u00f6zel okullarda bile bu yasaklanabiliyor.<\/p>\n

Eskiden\u00a0 \u2018Laik demokrasiler makul kararlar al\u0131r\u2019 diyorduk ama art\u0131k d\u00fcnyan\u0131n pek \u00e7ok yerinde bunu g\u00f6remiyoruz. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc milliyet\u00e7ilik art\u0131yor ve y\u00fckseli\u015fte. Hindistan\u2019da ve ABD\u2019de k\u00f6kten dinci milliyet\u00e7iler var. Asl\u0131nda onlar\u0131n da etkisiyle daha da geriye d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015f g\u00f6r\u00fcyoruz ve bu da az\u0131nl\u0131klar\u0131 etkiliyor. Biz bunu \u00f6ng\u00f6rememi\u015ftik, ben esas\u0131nda insanlar\u0131n daha iyiye do\u011fru evrildi\u011fini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyordum. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc bunlara tan\u0131kl\u0131k ediyordum ama bu biraz naif bir bak\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ym\u0131\u015f. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc zaman i\u00e7inde g\u00f6rd\u00fck ki ilerlemeler sonras\u0131nda geriye d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015fler de oldu. Ve bunu b\u00fcy\u00fck tarih i\u00e7inde de\u011ferlendirmek gerekiyor.<\/p>\n

\"FOTO:<\/em><\/div>\n
FOTO: Berge Arabian<\/span><\/em><\/div>\n

\u201cMilyonlarca \u00e7ocuk ailelerinden ayr\u0131lm\u0131\u015f durumda\u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n

Peki \u015fu anda ne g\u00f6r\u00fcyoruz? Beni \u015fa\u015f\u0131rtan ve d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceye sevk eden bir \u00f6rnek verece\u011fim; \u015fu anda milyonlarca \u00e7ocuk ailelerinden ayr\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ve ayr\u0131 d\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015f durumdalar. Esas\u0131nda zorunlu asimilasyonun par\u00e7as\u0131 olarak bu politikalar uygulan\u0131yor. BM \u00f6zel raport\u00f6rl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131m d\u00f6nemlerde hem kendim hem meslekta\u015flar\u0131m, bu konudaki kayg\u0131lar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 dile getirdik. Buraya dikkat \u00e7ekmek istiyorum, bir milyon Tibetli \u00e7ocuk ya da 800 bin Uygur \u00e7ocuk, \u00c7in\u2019de ailelerinden kopar\u0131ld\u0131lar ve e\u011fitim almalar\u0131 i\u00e7in baz\u0131 kurumlara yerle\u015ftirildiler, baz\u0131 yat\u0131l\u0131 okullara g\u00f6nderildiler. Bu aile hakk\u0131na ayk\u0131r\u0131, \u00e7ocuk ve \u00e7ocuk yeti\u015ftirme hakk\u0131n\u0131za da ayk\u0131r\u0131. Bu sistematik bir \u015fekilde uyguland\u0131. \u00c7ocukluklar\u0131n\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck bir k\u0131sm\u0131nda o \u00e7ocuklar kendi ailelerinin yan\u0131nda kalamad\u0131lar, zorla kurumlara yerle\u015ftirildiler. Ailelere herhangi bir tercih verilmedi ve ne yaz\u0131k ki bug\u00fcn bu konuda bile yeterince bir uluslararas\u0131 tepki gelmedi.<\/p>\n

Bu d\u00f6nemde ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z \u00e7a\u011fda uygar devletler bunu nas\u0131l yapabilir? \u00c7ocuklar\u0131 ailelerinden nas\u0131l koparabilirsiniz? Oradaki topluluklar ve az\u0131nl\u0131klar i\u00e7in bu ne anlam ifade eder? AB\u2019de ve daha geni\u015f Avrupa co\u011frafyas\u0131nda ge\u00e7ti\u011fimiz y\u0131l ger\u00e7ekten \u00e7ok rahats\u0131zl\u0131k verici bir geli\u015fme ya\u015fand\u0131. Burada AB, az\u0131nl\u0131klar\u0131 korumak i\u00e7in bir inisiyatif ortaya koydu. Avrupa vatanda\u015flar\u0131 i\u00e7in \u2018g\u00fcvenli pakt\u2019 lanse ettiler ve bunun da amac\u0131 Avrupa\u2019daki az\u0131nl\u0131klar\u0131n korunmas\u0131yd\u0131. Avrupa Parlamentosu\u2019nda bir oylama yap\u0131ld\u0131 ve parlamento \u00fcyelerinin, milletvekillerinin y\u00fczde 75\u2019i evet oyu kulland\u0131 ve bu giri\u015fimi destekledi. Aralar\u0131nda b\u00f6lgesel ve yerel h\u00fck\u00fcmetler de vard\u0131 ve onlar da olumlu de\u011ferlendirdiler. Dediler ki \u2018Evet, biz bunu \u00f6nemli buluyoruz. AB\u2019nin az\u0131nl\u0131k haklar\u0131n\u0131 koruma alan\u0131nda att\u0131\u011f\u0131 do\u011fru bir ad\u0131md\u0131r.\u2019<\/p>\n

Sosyal medyada nefret s\u00f6ylemi<\/strong>
\nSonra ne oldu, parlamentodan ge\u00e7ti ve Avrupa Komisyonu\u2019na geldi ve Komisyon \u2018ihtiyac\u0131m\u0131z yok\u2019 dedi. B\u00f6yle de olunca yap\u0131lacak bir \u015fey kalmad\u0131. \u015eunu s\u00f6ylemek istiyorum, siyasi liderli\u011fe ihtiya\u00e7 var. AB bile, hukukun \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc \u00fczerine in\u015fa edilmi\u015f ve demokrasi in\u015fa etmi\u015f kurum bile demokratik haklar s\u00f6z konusu oldu\u011funda, milyonlarca kendi vatanda\u015f\u0131 s\u00f6z konusu oldu\u011funda t\u00f6kezleyebiliyor.<\/p>\n

\u015eimdi baz\u0131 gruplar\u0131n insan haklar\u0131 yeterince sayg\u0131 g\u00f6rm\u00fcyor. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc i\u00e7inde bulundu\u011fumuz ba\u011flam \u00e7ok da hasmane bir ba\u011flam ve en fazla az\u0131nl\u0131klar\u0131 etkiliyor. Ge\u00e7ti\u011fimiz y\u0131llarda \u00f6zellikle sosyal medya \u00fczerinde nefret s\u00f6ylemi konusunda ciddi bir art\u0131\u015f g\u00f6rd\u00fck. BM Genel Sekreteri Antonio Guterres, bunu asl\u0131nda \u2018nefret s\u00f6ylemi tsunamisi\u2019 olarak tarif etti. Bu g\u00fczel bir tarif ve nefret s\u00f6yleminin zihinlerimizi zehirledi\u011fini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyorum hem Avrupa\u2019da hem di\u011fer b\u00f6lgelerde. Peki nefret s\u00f6ylemiyle kimler hedefleniyor, buna bakal\u0131m. Baz\u0131 \u00fclkelerde elde etti\u011fimiz verilere g\u00f6re nefret s\u00f6ylemiyle hedef g\u00f6sterilen ki\u015filerin y\u00fczde 70 ila 75\u2019i az\u0131nl\u0131klar. Irksal, dinsel, dilsel, etnik az\u0131nl\u0131klar sosyal medyada nefret s\u00f6yleminin ma\u011fduru oluyorlar. En b\u00fcy\u00fck ma\u011fdur onlar oluyor. Pek \u00e7ok \u00fclkede kutupla\u015fmadan dolay\u0131 Antisemitizm, \u0130slamafobi ve Roman kar\u015f\u0131tl\u0131\u011f\u0131yla nefret s\u00f6ylemi de tetikleniyor. \u00d6zellikle sosyal medya \u00fczerinde ho\u015fg\u00f6r\u00fcs\u00fczl\u00fck ve \u00f6n yarg\u0131lar\u0131n iyice peki\u015fti\u011fini g\u00f6r\u00fcyoruz. \u0130stihdam krizi oldu\u011funda bundan kimler \u201csorumlu\u201d? Tabii ki g\u00f6\u00e7menler. Yahudiler ve M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar, onlarla ilgili komplo teorisini ortaya koymak \u00e7ok kolay. Ciddi bir sorun oldu\u011funda bunun sorumlusunu bulmak \u00e7ok kolay.<\/p>\n

\u201cBizim beceriksizli\u011fimizden kaynaklan\u0131yor\u201d<\/strong>
\nAma bu nefret s\u00f6ylemi sadece s\u00f6zle kalm\u0131yor, eyleme yans\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 da g\u00f6r\u00fcyoruz. Baz\u0131 durumlarda soyk\u0131r\u0131ma varan eylemlere yans\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6rebiliyoruz. Mesela bir Roman, k\u00f6yde birine sald\u0131rm\u0131\u015f, onun \u00fczerine b\u00fct\u00fcn k\u00f6ye, Romanlar\u0131n ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 k\u00f6ye pogrom olmu\u015f. Bunu Avrupa\u2019da g\u00f6r\u00fcyoruz. Di\u011fer taraftan burada az\u0131nl\u0131klar\u0131 g\u00fcnah ke\u00e7isi ilan etme durumunu g\u00f6r\u00fcyoruz. Politikac\u0131lar\u0131n az\u0131nl\u0131klara kar\u015f\u0131 ayr\u0131mc\u0131l\u0131k yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcyoruz. Bu tabii \u00e7ok eski bir oyun. Sonu\u00e7ta baz\u0131 siyaset\u00e7iler bunu kullanarak daha da pop\u00fclerle\u015fmek istiyorlar, daha fazla oy almak istiyorlar. \u0130talya\u2019dan bir politikac\u0131 san\u0131r\u0131m Youtube\u2019da bir video yay\u0131nlad\u0131. Kendi videosunu \u00e7ekmi\u015f bir Roman kad\u0131n yan\u0131nda, konu\u015fuyor ve diyor ki \u2018Yan\u0131mdaki bu ki\u015fiden kurtulmam\u0131z i\u00e7in bana oy verin.\u2019 G\u00f6rebiliyor musunuz, politikac\u0131lar i\u00e7in bu ne kadar kolay? Sosyal medyay\u0131 kullanarak az\u0131nl\u0131klar\u0131 g\u00fcnah ke\u00e7isi ilan etmek, kendi siyasi g\u00fcndemlerini ilerletmek \u00e7ok kolay. \u015eunu da s\u00f6yleyebiliriz, az\u0131nl\u0131klar burada \u015feytanla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131l\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

Bir de \u015f\u00f6yle bir durum var, giderek Avrupa\u2019da, burada ve d\u00fcnyan\u0131n di\u011fer b\u00f6lgelerinde istikrars\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n artmas\u0131na neden oluyor. \u00dclkelerin \u00e7o\u011funda \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmalar ve \u015fiddet olaylar\u0131 var. Yemen, Etiyopya, G\u00fcney Sudan, Kamerun, Myanmar ,\u00a0 b\u00fct\u00fcn bu \u00f6rneklere bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda az\u0131nl\u0131klar\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcyoruz. Ayr\u0131mc\u0131l\u0131k ve d\u0131\u015flama kurban\u0131 oluyorlar ve baz\u0131 durumlarda kendilerini korumak zorunda kald\u0131klar\u0131 i\u00e7in \u015fiddete de dahil olmak zorunda kal\u0131yorlar.<\/p>\n

Tabii bir\u00e7ok nedene de bakabiliriz, giderek artan bir istikrars\u0131zla\u015fma var d\u00fcnya \u00e7ap\u0131nda ve bizim beceriksizli\u011fimizden kaynaklan\u0131yor. Me\u015fru bir \u015fekilde \u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fcze getirilen iddialara bakm\u0131yoruz. Toplumun \u00e7e\u015fitli kesimlerinin getirdi\u011fi iddialara bakm\u0131yoruz bile. Son 10 y\u0131l i\u00e7erisinde \u015fiddet i\u00e7eren \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmalar tamamen \u00fclke i\u00e7inde oluyor, i\u00e7sel olarak ya\u015fan\u0131yor. \u00c7o\u011fu zaman, etnik, dinsel ve dilsel boyut ta\u015f\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

FOTO: Berge Arabian\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n

https:\/\/www.agos.com.tr\/tr\/yazi\/29489\/insan-haklarinda-duraklama-degil-gerileme-donemindeyiz<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u0130\u015fhan Erdin\u00e7 \u00a0 Hrant Dink Vakf\u0131\u2019n\u0131n d\u00fczenledi\u011fi \u201cCumhuriyet\u2019in 100. Y\u0131l\u0131nda Az\u0131nl\u0131k Haklar\u0131\u201d Konferans\u0131 17-18 Kas\u0131m tarihlerinde Anarad H\u0131\u011futyun Binas\u0131 Havak salonunda ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirildi. Konferansa yurti\u00e7i ve yurtd\u0131\u015f\u0131ndan \u00e7ok say\u0131da akademisyen tebli\u011f sundu, konu pek \u00e7ok farkl\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131dan ele al\u0131nd\u0131, tart\u0131\u015f\u0131ld\u0131. Konferans\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u015f tebli\u011fini ise BM Az\u0131nl\u0131k Konular\u0131 Eski \u00d6zel Raport\u00f6r\u00fc Fernand de Varennes sundu. Varennes \u2018”Az\u0131nl\u0131k […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":77057,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1,56,53],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-77055","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-haberler","category-tartismalar","category-turkiyede-azinliklar"],"yoast_head":"\n"\u0130nsan haklar\u0131nda duraklama de\u011fil, gerileme d\u00f6nemindeyiz" - Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=77055\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\""\u0130nsan haklar\u0131nda duraklama de\u011fil, gerileme d\u00f6nemindeyiz" - Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\u0130\u015fhan Erdin\u00e7 \u00a0 Hrant Dink Vakf\u0131\u2019n\u0131n d\u00fczenledi\u011fi \u201cCumhuriyet\u2019in 100. Y\u0131l\u0131nda Az\u0131nl\u0131k Haklar\u0131\u201d Konferans\u0131 17-18 Kas\u0131m tarihlerinde Anarad H\u0131\u011futyun Binas\u0131 Havak salonunda ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirildi. Konferansa yurti\u00e7i ve yurtd\u0131\u015f\u0131ndan \u00e7ok say\u0131da akademisyen tebli\u011f sundu, konu pek \u00e7ok farkl\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131dan ele al\u0131nd\u0131, tart\u0131\u015f\u0131ld\u0131. Konferans\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u015f tebli\u011fini ise BM Az\u0131nl\u0131k Konular\u0131 Eski \u00d6zel Raport\u00f6r\u00fc Fernand de Varennes sundu. 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Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=77055","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"\"\u0130nsan haklar\u0131nda duraklama de\u011fil, gerileme d\u00f6nemindeyiz\" - Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi","og_description":"\u0130\u015fhan Erdin\u00e7 \u00a0 Hrant Dink Vakf\u0131\u2019n\u0131n d\u00fczenledi\u011fi \u201cCumhuriyet\u2019in 100. Y\u0131l\u0131nda Az\u0131nl\u0131k Haklar\u0131\u201d Konferans\u0131 17-18 Kas\u0131m tarihlerinde Anarad H\u0131\u011futyun Binas\u0131 Havak salonunda ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirildi. Konferansa yurti\u00e7i ve yurtd\u0131\u015f\u0131ndan \u00e7ok say\u0131da akademisyen tebli\u011f sundu, konu pek \u00e7ok farkl\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131dan ele al\u0131nd\u0131, tart\u0131\u015f\u0131ld\u0131. Konferans\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u015f tebli\u011fini ise BM Az\u0131nl\u0131k Konular\u0131 Eski \u00d6zel Raport\u00f6r\u00fc Fernand de Varennes sundu. Varennes \u2018”Az\u0131nl\u0131k […]","og_url":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=77055","og_site_name":"Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi","article_published_time":"2023-11-27T07:43:50+00:00","og_image":[{"width":706,"height":470,"url":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/6\/2023\/11\/Fernand-de-Varennes-1.jpg","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"author":"admin","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"admin","Est. reading time":"14 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=77055#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=77055"},"author":{"name":"admin","@id":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/#\/schema\/person\/096f1d38a12cce57fb855b485ed24c9e"},"headline":"“\u0130nsan haklar\u0131nda duraklama de\u011fil, gerileme d\u00f6nemindeyiz”","datePublished":"2023-11-27T07:43:50+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=77055"},"wordCount":2813,"commentCount":0,"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=77055#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/6\/2023\/11\/Fernand-de-Varennes-1.jpg","articleSection":["Haberler","Tart\u0131\u015fmalar","T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de Az\u0131nl\u0131klar"],"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"CommentAction","name":"Comment","target":["https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=77055#respond"]}]},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=77055","url":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=77055","name":"\"\u0130nsan haklar\u0131nda duraklama de\u011fil, gerileme d\u00f6nemindeyiz\" - Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=77055#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=77055#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/6\/2023\/11\/Fernand-de-Varennes-1.jpg","datePublished":"2023-11-27T07:43:50+00:00","author":{"@id":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/#\/schema\/person\/096f1d38a12cce57fb855b485ed24c9e"},"breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=77055#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=77055"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=77055#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/6\/2023\/11\/Fernand-de-Varennes-1.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/6\/2023\/11\/Fernand-de-Varennes-1.jpg","width":706,"height":470},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=77055#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"“\u0130nsan haklar\u0131nda duraklama de\u011fil, gerileme d\u00f6nemindeyiz”"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/#website","url":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/","name":"Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi","description":"","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/#\/schema\/person\/096f1d38a12cce57fb855b485ed24c9e","name":"admin","url":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?author=7"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/77055","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/7"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=77055"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/77055\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":77058,"href":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/77055\/revisions\/77058"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/77057"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=77055"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=77055"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=77055"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}