{"id":76855,"date":"2023-11-14T02:10:19","date_gmt":"2023-11-14T07:10:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=76855"},"modified":"2023-11-14T02:10:19","modified_gmt":"2023-11-14T07:10:19","slug":"yeni-turkiye-lozanda-kabul-ettigi-haklarin-hepsini-ihlal-etti","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=76855","title":{"rendered":"\u201cYeni T\u00fcrkiye Lozan\u2019da kabul etti\u011fi haklar\u0131n hepsini ihlal etti\u201d"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Yetvart Danzikyan<\/a><\/strong><\/div>\n
Gazetemiz yazar\u0131 Prof. Dr. Bask\u0131n Oran\u2019\u0131n, Prof. Dr. Ali Day\u0131o\u011flu ile birlikte kaleme ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u201c100. Y\u0131lda Lozan \u0130hlalleri: Yunanistan ile T\u00fcrkiye, Az\u0131nl\u0131klar ve Ege\u201d ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ge\u00e7ti\u011fimiz aylarda Alfa Yay\u0131nlar\u0131\u2019ndan \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Oran ile kitaptan yola \u00e7\u0131karak hem Lozan tart\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131na hem de az\u0131nl\u0131klar\u0131n haklar\u0131n\u0131n nas\u0131l ihlal edildi\u011fine yak\u0131ndan bakt\u0131k.<\/span><\/strong><\/em><\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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Lozan T\u00fcrkiye a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan sadece “az\u0131nl\u0131klar” bahsinde g\u00fcndeme gelir. Ama asl\u0131nda T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyeti a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan “kurucu bir antla\u015fmad\u0131r” diyebilir miyiz? Ve h\u00e2l\u00e2 ge\u00e7erli olmas\u0131 da ilgin\u00e7 de\u011fil mi? I. D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131’n\u0131 bitiren anla\u015fmalar aras\u0131nda h\u00e2l\u00e2 uygulanan tek metin, bildi\u011fim kadar\u0131yla.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Aynen, ama ufak bir farkla: Lozan, T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyeti\u2019nin de\u011fil ama T\u00fcrkiye devletinin kurucu antla\u015fmas\u0131d\u0131r. Devletler uluslararas\u0131 tan\u0131nmayla kurulur ve bu tan\u0131nma T\u00fcrkiye i\u00e7in 24 Temmuz1923 tarihinde Lozan\u2019\u0131n imzalanmas\u0131yla ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmi\u015ftir. Lozan\u2019a giden T\u00fcrk heyetinin ad\u0131 \u201cTBMM H\u00fck\u00fcmeti Heyeti\u201ddir, d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnde art\u0131k \u201cT\u00fcrkiye Delegasyonu\u201d olmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n

Bir rejim t\u00fcr\u00fc olan Cumhuriyet ise bu tarihten yakla\u015f\u0131k \u00fc\u00e7 ay sonra, 29 Ekim 1923\u2019te. \u015eu s\u0131ralarda \u201cT\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyeti Devleti\u201d demesi \u00e2det oldu politikac\u0131lar\u0131n. A\u011f\u0131z dolusu bir milliyet\u00e7i laftan ba\u015fka bir \u015fey de\u011fildir. Evet, Lozan birinci b\u00fcy\u00fck sava\u015f\u0131 bitirenler aras\u0131nda \u015fu anda uygulanmakta olan tek bar\u0131\u015f antla\u015fmas\u0131. Bunu da Lozan\u2019\u0131n ne zafer ne de hezimet olu\u015funa bor\u00e7luyuz, iki taraf i\u00e7in de. Bir taraf i\u00e7in zafer \u00f6b\u00fcr taraf i\u00e7in hezimet olan bar\u0131\u015f antla\u015fmalar\u0131 fazla ya\u015famaz. Mesela 1919 Versay,\u00a0 mesela 1920 Sevr.<\/p>\n

M. Kemal\u2019in ger\u00e7ek\u00e7i davran\u0131p s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 kolay korunabilir kompakt bir ulus-devlet ama\u00e7lamas\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra, bu durumu Lozan\u2019\u0131n 1 de\u011fil 2 sava\u015f\u0131 sona erdirmesine bor\u00e7luyuz: T\u00fcrklerin yenildi\u011fi Birinci D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131 ile T\u00fcrklerin yendi\u011fi Kurtulu\u015f Sava\u015f\u0131.<\/p>\n

Lozan anla\u015fmas\u0131 s\u00fcrecinde nas\u0131l bir m\u00fczakere y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fcld\u00fc? T\u00fcrkiye’nin elinde hangi kozlar vard\u0131, masan\u0131n kar\u015f\u0131 taraf\u0131nda hangi kozlar? S\u00fcre\u00e7 nerede t\u0131kand\u0131? Ve sonu\u00e7ta hangi denge a\u011f\u0131r bast\u0131? T\u00fcrkiye’nin “Bat\u0131 d\u00fcnyas\u0131nda\/Kapitalist d\u00fcnyada” kalmaya s\u00f6z vermesi mi?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Lord Curzon \u201cBiz buraya Mondros\u2019tan geldik\u201d diyordu, \u0130smet Pa\u015fa da \u201cMudanya\u2019dan geldik\u201d. Ortas\u0131n\u0131 buldular. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin b\u00fcy\u00fck kozu, son sava\u015f\u0131n T\u00fcrklerin yendi\u011fi sava\u015f olmas\u0131yd\u0131. Tabii, bunun yan\u0131 s\u0131ra ba\u015fka \u00f6nemli unsurlar vard\u0131:<\/p>\n

1) Kamuoyu art\u0131k askerlerinin eve d\u00f6nmesini isteyen B. Britanya Musul petrol\u00fcn\u00fc fiilen alm\u0131\u015f (1926\u2019da da hukuken alacak), esas amac\u0131na kavu\u015fmu\u015ftu. Bu nedenle T\u00fcrkiyeli K\u00fcrtleri tamamen yaln\u0131z b\u0131rakt\u0131 ve onlara, \u0130smail Be\u015fik\u00e7i\u2019nin dedi\u011fi gibi, Afrika kabilelerine verdi\u011fi \u201cs\u00f6m\u00fcrge devleti\u201d stat\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fc bile tan\u0131mad\u0131.<\/p>\n

2) B. Britanya ile Fransa, bir de Yunanistan ile \u0130talya aras\u0131nda payla\u015f\u0131m anla\u015fmazl\u0131\u011f\u0131 vard\u0131. Mesela \u0130zmir\u2019in i\u015fgali i\u00e7in \u00f6nce \u0130talya konu\u015fulmu\u015ftu, ama bu i\u015f Yunanistan\u2019a verildi. Mesela Irak \u00f6nce Frans\u0131z n\u00fcfuz b\u00f6lgesi olarak d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclm\u00fc\u015fken, petrol bulununca B. Britanya buray\u0131 sahiplendi ve Fransa\u2019y\u0131 Suriye\u2019ye kayd\u0131rd\u0131. Nitekim Fransa 1921 Ankara Anla\u015fmas\u0131\u2019n\u0131 imzalayarak Anadolu\u2019dan \u00e7ekilecektir.<\/p>\n

3) \u0130zmir\u2019in \u201ceski tebaa\u201d Yunanl\u0131lar taraf\u0131ndan i\u015fgal edilmesi halk aras\u0131nda b\u00fcy\u00fck tepki yaratarak Kurtulu\u015f Sava\u015f\u0131\u2019na yard\u0131mc\u0131 oldu.<\/p>\n

4) Sevr\u2019de bulunan iki \u00f6nemli kavram\u0131n Lozan\u2019a kelime olarak bile girmemesi, Ankara\u2019n\u0131n antla\u015fmay\u0131 TBMM\u2019ye kabul ettirmesinde \u00f6nemli rol oynad\u0131: B\u00fcy\u00fck Ermenistan, bir de K\u00fcrdistan.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/div>\n

M\u00fczakereler s\u0131ras\u0131nda kapit\u00fclasyonlar\u0131n kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 konusunda anla\u015fma olmay\u0131nca verilen 2,5 ayl\u0131k arada d\u00fczenlenen \u0130zmir \u0130ktisat Kongresi\u2019nin verdi\u011fi \u201cKapitalist kampta kalaca\u011f\u0131z\u201d mesaj\u0131, m\u00fcttefikleri yeni T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin \u2018Bol\u015fevik\u2019 olmayaca\u011f\u0131 konusunda ikna etmi\u015f ve dolay\u0131s\u0131yla \u201cB\u00fcy\u00fck Ermenistan\u201d gibi bir tampon devlete art\u0131k ihtiya\u00e7 b\u0131rakmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131 ki, Lozan\u2019a giden heyete verilen talimat\u0131n olmazsa olmaz iki maddesinden biri kapit\u00fclasyonlar\u0131n kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 ise, di\u011feri de \u201cErmeni Yurdu\u201dnun reddiydi.<\/p>\n

Sevr\u2019de \u00e7ok gev\u015fek terimlerle de olsa ge\u00e7en K\u00fcrdistan konusunun Lozan\u2019da g\u00f6r\u00fclmemesi K\u00fcrtleri etkilemedi \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc M. Kemal Pa\u015fa b\u00fct\u00fcn sava\u015f boyunca iki etnik grup aras\u0131ndaki \u0130slam birli\u011fini vurgulam\u0131\u015ft\u0131: 1919 Erzurum ve Sivas kongrelerinde, 1919 Amasya M\u00fclakat\u0131nda, 1920 Misak-\u0131 Milli Md. 1\u2019de, TBMM m\u00fczakerelerinde.<\/p>\n

\u00d6zellikle de, vilayetlerin \u00f6zerk oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yleyen 1921 Anayasas\u0131 Md. 11\u2019de ve bunun, \u00e7o\u011funlukta olduklar\u0131 vilayetlerde K\u00fcrtlerin kendi kendilerini \u00f6zerk olarak y\u00f6netme imkan\u0131 yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yledi\u011fi Ocak 1923 \u0130zmit Bas\u0131n Toplant\u0131s\u0131\u2019nda.<\/p>\n

Belki bunlardan da \u00f6nemlisi, K\u00fcrtlerin Kurtulu\u015f Sava\u015f\u0131na katk\u0131lar\u0131 Sevr\u2019deki B\u00fcy\u00fck Ermenistan projesi sayesinde oldu. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc Do\u011fu Anadolu\u2019nun kuzeyinde planlanan ve Artvin\u2019den bat\u0131da Giresun\u2019a uzanan, oradan g\u00fcneye inerek Erzincan, Erzurum, Mu\u015f ve Van\u2019\u0131 i\u00e7ine alan B\u00fcy\u00fck Ermenistan projesinin s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 ABD Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Wilson taraf\u0131ndan kesinle\u015ftirilecekti ve tabii ki bu s\u0131n\u0131r ne kadar g\u00fcneye inerse \u00d6zerk K\u00fcrdistan o kadar k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fclecekti. Zaten K\u00fcrtler \u201cmillet-i h\u00e2kime\u201d, Ermeniler \u201cmillet-i mahkume\u201dydi. Yani, K\u00fcrtlerin t\u00fcylerini diken diken eden B\u00fcy\u00fck Ermenistan projesi bu halk\u0131 Ankara\u2019n\u0131n yan\u0131na itmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

T\u00fcrkiye bu anla\u015fma ile az\u0131nl\u0131klara verilen haklar\u0131 \u00e7ok belli ki uygulamaya g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fc de\u011fildi. Liste \u00e7ok uzun biliyorum ama belli ba\u015fl\u0131 bir-iki \u00f6rnek vermek icap ederse hangi ihlallerden bahsetmek gerekir?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Lozan Kesim III\u2019\u00fcn ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u201cAz\u0131nl\u0131klar\u0131n Korunmas\u0131\u201dd\u0131r. Burada \u201caz\u0131nl\u0131k\u201d olarak kabul edilen ve en fazla hakka sahip k\u0131l\u0131nm\u0131\u015f olan \u201cGayrim\u00fcslim T\u00fcrk vatanda\u015flar\u0131\u201d d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda 3 kategoriye de (daha az ama) \u00e7e\u015fitli haklar tan\u0131nd\u0131: 1) \u201cT\u00fcrk\u00e7eden ba\u015fka dil konu\u015fan T\u00fcrk vatanda\u015flar\u0131\u201d,2) \u201cB\u00fct\u00fcn T\u00fcrk vatanda\u015flar\u0131\u201d; 3) \u201cT\u00fcrkiye\u2019de oturan herkes\u201d.<\/p>\n

Bunlar\u0131n ilk ikisi K\u00fcrtler gibi M\u00fcsl\u00fcman gruplara da dil haklar\u0131 getiriyordu. Bu a\u00e7\u0131dan, bu Kesim III ayn\u0131 zamanda bir insan haklar\u0131 metnidir.<\/p>\n

Fakat olay \u015fuydu ki, k\u0131sa zaman sonra fa\u015fizmin a\u011f\u0131r basaca\u011f\u0131 iki sava\u015f aras\u0131 d\u00f6nemde bir ulus-devlet kurulmaktayd\u0131 ve ulus-devlet deyince (ulusal devletle kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmayal\u0131m) ba\u015fat etno-dinsel grup (burada Hanefi-S\u00fcnni-M\u00fcsl\u00fcman-T\u00fcrk) d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndakilerin kimlikleri reddeden bir devlet t\u00fcr\u00fc anla\u015f\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Bu devlet t\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn temel ilkesi asimile edebilece\u011fini asimile etmek, asimile edemeyece\u011fini de etno-dinsel temizli\u011fe u\u011fratmakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/div>\n

Nitekim, Orta Do\u011fu ve Balkanlarda toplumsal kimli\u011fin temeli soy veya dil de\u011fil, din oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in, yeni T\u00fcrkiye asimile edebilece\u011fi M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131 asimile etmeye giri\u015fti, asimile edemeyece\u011fi Gayrim\u00fcslimleri de etno-dinsel temizli\u011fe u\u011fratmaya.
\nDolay\u0131s\u0131yla yeni T\u00fcrkiye Lozan\u2019da kabul etti\u011fi bu haklar\u0131n hepsini ihlal etti.<\/p>\n

Hepsini burada saymak zor ama mesela:<\/p>\n

\u0130mroz ve Bozcaada\u2019ya Md. 14\u2019le getirilen yerel \u00f6zerklik ilk elde unutuldu.<\/p>\n

Md. 38\u2019da dola\u015f\u0131m \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc varken daha 1925\u2019te \u0130stanbul Gayrim\u00fcslimlerinin il s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131na \u00e7\u0131kmalar\u0131 izne ba\u011fland\u0131.<\/p>\n

1927\u2019de S\u00fcryani okullar\u0131 kapat\u0131ld\u0131, \u0130mroz-Bozcaada\u2019daki Rum okullar\u0131 da fiilen.<\/p>\n

1934\u2019te Trakya\u2019da Musevi s\u00fcrg\u00fcn\u00fc var.<\/p>\n

1941-42\u2019de Yirmi Kur\u2019a \u0130htiyatlar Olay\u0131.<\/p>\n

1942-44\u2019te Gayrim\u00fcslimlerin ekonomik olarak belini k\u0131rmaya ve M\u00fcsl\u00fcman t\u00fcccara servet transferi yapmaya y\u00f6nelik Varl\u0131k Vergisi.<\/p>\n

1955\u2019te 6-7 Eyl\u00fcl Pogromu.<\/p>\n

1930\u2019lar ve 60\u2019larda \u201cVatanda\u015f T\u00fcrk\u00e7e Konu\u015f\u201d kampanyalar\u0131.<\/p>\n

1964\u2019te, 30 Ekim 1930 Mukavelenamesini tek yanl\u0131 feshedip, vatanda\u015f olmayan etabli Rumlar\u0131n s\u0131n\u0131rd\u0131\u015f\u0131 edilmesi var.<\/p>\n

Md. 39\u2019daki medeni ve siyasi haklardan aynen yararlanma hi\u00e7bir zaman uygulanmad\u0131; 2022\u2019de nazar boncu\u011fu misali kaymakam yap\u0131lan Berk Acar d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda Gayrim\u00fcslim memur ve \u00f6zellikle de Emniyet\/TSK mensubu yoktur.<\/p>\n

Md. 40\u2019ta her t\u00fcrl\u00fc vak\u0131f, ibadethane ve okul kurma, y\u00f6netme, denetleme hakk\u0131 verilmi\u015fti ama patrik se\u00e7imlerine m\u00fcdahale edildi, \u00f6\u011frenciler \u0130slam din derslerine girmeye zorland\u0131, 1971\u2019de Heybeliada Ruhban Okulu kapat\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n

1936 Beyannamesi hakk\u0131nda 1970\u2019lerde Yarg\u0131tay\u2019\u0131n T.C. vatanda\u015f\u0131 Gayrim\u00fcslimleri \u201cT\u00fcrk olmayan\u201d ilan eden skandal kararlar\u0131yla Gayrim\u00fcslim vak\u0131f mallar\u0131na el konuldu.<\/p>\n

Bu durumlar sonucu, 1922’de yakla\u015f\u0131k bir milyon Anadolu Rumu\u2019nun (o zamanki Yunanistan n\u00fcfusunun d\u00f6rtte biri!) Yunanistan\u2019a ka\u00e7mas\u0131ndan sonra ve 1923’te Yunanistan’la yap\u0131lan (ve 190.000 Rum\u2019un gitmesine yol a\u00e7an) n\u00fcfus m\u00fcbadelesinden sonra bile, 1927’deki ilk n\u00fcfus say\u0131m\u0131nda y\u00fczde 3 olan Gayrim\u00fcslimlerin oran\u0131 bug\u00fcn binde 1’in alt\u0131na inmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

Tabii, haklar\u0131 uluslararas\u0131 garanti alt\u0131ndaki Gayrim\u00fcslim haklar\u0131 b\u00f6yle olunca, mesela K\u00fcrtlerin dil haklar\u0131 hi\u00e7 tan\u0131nmad\u0131. \u00c7ar\u015f\u0131-pazarda T\u00fcrk\u00e7eden ba\u015fka dil konu\u015fmak yasakland\u0131 (Md. 39\/4), mahkemelerde kendi dillerini s\u00f6zl\u00fc olarak kullanma haklar\u0131 tan\u0131nmad\u0131 (Md. 39\/5).<\/p>\n

Yunanistan’\u0131n da bu az\u0131nl\u0131k haklar\u0131 meselesinde pek de g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fc olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kitab\u0131n\u0131zdan anl\u0131yoruz. Orada nas\u0131l g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fckler \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131ld\u0131?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Yakla\u015f\u0131k ayn\u0131 ihlaller orada da var. Tencere dibin kara.<\/p>\n

Eski \u00f6\u011frencim Prof. Dr. Ali Day\u0131o\u011flu\u2019ya birlikte yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z bu kitapta Lozan Kesim III\u2019\u00fcn \u00f6nce madde metinleri veriliyor ve ard\u0131ndan Yunanistan\u2019\u0131n ve T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin ihlalleri s\u0131rayla ve ayr\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131yla anlat\u0131l\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

\u0130ddia edebilirim ki bu kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 ihlalleri hi\u00e7 eksiksiz ve tamamen objektif olarak anlatan tek kitapt\u0131r \u015fu anda, hem Yunanistan\u2019da hem T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de.<\/p>\n

\"Prof.<\/div>\n
Prof. Dr. Bask\u0131n Oran<\/span><\/div>\n

Neden bu kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 ihlaller? \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc her iki devlet de, Herk\u00fcl Millas\u2019\u0131n dedi\u011fi gibi, neredeyse bir as\u0131r arayla (1829 ve 1923) ve birbirleriyle sava\u015farak kurulmu\u015f iki ulus-devlet. \u0130kisi de olumsuz m\u00fctekabiliyet anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 K\u0131br\u0131s kavgas\u0131n\u0131 bahane ederek uygulad\u0131lar. Sonu\u00e7ta, kendi soyda\u015flar\u0131-dinda\u015flar\u0131 u\u011fruna kendi farkl\u0131 vatanda\u015flar\u0131n\u0131 helak ettiler. Zaten 1969 Viyana Antla\u015fmalar Hukuku S\u00f6zle\u015fmesi Md. 60\/5 b\u00f6yle bir m\u00fctekabiliyet anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 yasaklar.<\/p>\n

Unutmadan: Ad\u0131ndan da anla\u015f\u0131laca\u011f\u0131 gibi (100. Y\u0131lda Lozan \u0130hlalleri \u2013 Yunanistan ve T\u00fcrkiye, Az\u0131nl\u0131klar ve Ege) kitab\u0131n ikinci b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnde Ege sorunlar\u0131 konusundaki ihlaller anlat\u0131l\u0131yor. Orada, az\u0131nl\u0131klar konusunun aksine, bir \u201cdengesizlik\u201d mevcut: Lozan ve ba\u015fka antla\u015fmalarla saptanm\u0131\u015f Ege dengesini esas ihlal eden Yunanistan.<\/p>\n

Lozan ve az\u0131nl\u0131klar deyince hep Ermeniler, Rumlar ve Yahudiler anla\u015f\u0131l\u0131yor. Ama asl\u0131nda antla\u015fmada sanki daha geni\u015f bir tan\u0131m var. O geni\u015f tan\u0131ma neden di\u011fer az\u0131nl\u0131klar giremedi? Ya da giremiyor?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Lozan Kesim III\u2019te bu \u00fc\u00e7 az\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131n ad\u0131 bile ge\u00e7mez. Sadece \u201cT\u00fcrk vatanda\u015f\u0131 Gayrim\u00fcslimler\u201d ge\u00e7er. Bu husus T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de hep karanl\u0131kta kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Televizyonlarda kanal kanal dola\u015fan baz\u0131 profes\u00f6rler bile az\u0131nl\u0131k diye bu \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn\u00fcn zikredildi\u011fini san\u0131r. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc T\u00fcrkiye devleti hep sadece Rum, Ermeni ve Musevileri az\u0131nl\u0131k olarak tan\u0131ma e\u011filiminde oldu. Zira az\u0131nl\u0131klar\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcn oldu\u011fu kadar azaltmak istedi.<\/p>\n

Dikkat edilirse bu \u00fc\u00e7\u00fc \u201c\u015fehirli\u201ddir ve g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcndedir, haklar\u0131n\u0131 da arayabilirler. S\u00fcryaniler ise \u201ck\u00f6yl\u00fc\u201dd\u00fcr, g\u00f6zden g\u00f6n\u00fclden uzakt\u0131r, haklar\u0131n\u0131 da ancak son zamanlarda arayabilmi\u015flerdir.<\/p>\n

Di\u011fer yandan, mesela \u0130stanbul veya \u0130zmirli olduklar\u0131 halde T.C. vatanda\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131na ge\u00e7mi\u015f Levantenlere Kesim III\u2019teki haklar tan\u0131nmaz T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de. Ayn\u0131 durum T.C. vatanda\u015f\u0131 da olsalar Protestanlar, Yehova \u015eahitleri, Ezidiler, Bahailer i\u00e7in s\u00f6z konusudur; Gayrim\u00fcslim olduklar\u0131 halde Lozan\u2019daki haklar\u0131 hi\u00e7bir zaman tan\u0131nmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

https:\/\/www.agos.com.tr\/tr\/yazi\/29433\/yeni-turkiye-lozanda-kabul-ettigi-haklarin-hepsini-ihlal-etti<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Yetvart Danzikyan Gazetemiz yazar\u0131 Prof. Dr. Bask\u0131n Oran\u2019\u0131n, Prof. Dr. Ali Day\u0131o\u011flu ile birlikte kaleme ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u201c100. Y\u0131lda Lozan \u0130hlalleri: Yunanistan ile T\u00fcrkiye, Az\u0131nl\u0131klar ve Ege\u201d ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ge\u00e7ti\u011fimiz aylarda Alfa Yay\u0131nlar\u0131\u2019ndan \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Oran ile kitaptan yola \u00e7\u0131karak hem Lozan tart\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131na hem de az\u0131nl\u0131klar\u0131n haklar\u0131n\u0131n nas\u0131l ihlal edildi\u011fine yak\u0131ndan bakt\u0131k. Lozan T\u00fcrkiye a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan sadece “az\u0131nl\u0131klar” […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":76857,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1,54,71,20,53],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-76855","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-haberler","category-kitaplar-elestiriler","category-mulakatlar","category-tarih-sayfalari","category-turkiyede-azinliklar"],"yoast_head":"\n\u201cYeni T\u00fcrkiye Lozan\u2019da kabul etti\u011fi haklar\u0131n hepsini ihlal etti\u201d - Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=76855\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\u201cYeni T\u00fcrkiye Lozan\u2019da kabul etti\u011fi haklar\u0131n hepsini ihlal etti\u201d - Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Yetvart Danzikyan Gazetemiz yazar\u0131 Prof. Dr. Bask\u0131n Oran\u2019\u0131n, Prof. Dr. Ali Day\u0131o\u011flu ile birlikte kaleme ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u201c100. Y\u0131lda Lozan \u0130hlalleri: Yunanistan ile T\u00fcrkiye, Az\u0131nl\u0131klar ve Ege\u201d ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ge\u00e7ti\u011fimiz aylarda Alfa Yay\u0131nlar\u0131\u2019ndan \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Oran ile kitaptan yola \u00e7\u0131karak hem Lozan tart\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131na hem de az\u0131nl\u0131klar\u0131n haklar\u0131n\u0131n nas\u0131l ihlal edildi\u011fine yak\u0131ndan bakt\u0131k. 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