{"id":76842,"date":"2023-11-13T03:11:39","date_gmt":"2023-11-13T08:11:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=76842"},"modified":"2023-11-13T03:11:39","modified_gmt":"2023-11-13T08:11:39","slug":"dersimin-gizli-kanunu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=76842","title":{"rendered":"Dersim\u2019in gizli kanunu"},"content":{"rendered":"

Nevzat Onaran<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Cumhuriyet 100 ya\u015f\u0131nda, ama de\u011fi\u015fmeyen as\u0131rl\u0131k talebimiz: Can ve mal g\u00fcvenli\u011fimizdir.<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

En sade ifadesiyle, \u2018e\u015fit vatanda\u015fl\u0131k\u2019t\u0131r.<\/p>\n

E\u015fit vatanda\u015fl\u0131k, can ve mal g\u00fcvenli\u011fi demektir\u2026<\/p>\n

\u2018E\u015fit\u2019 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z i\u00e7in ne can ne de mal g\u00fcvenli\u011fimiz vard\u0131r\u2026<\/p>\n

Ku\u015faklard\u0131r b\u00f6yle.<\/p>\n

2023\u2019te de milleten T\u00fcrk ve dinen S\u00fcnni \u0130slam olmayan\u0131 resmen \u2018yok\u2019 saymaya devam ediliyor.<\/p>\n

Takvimin her g\u00fcn\u00fcnde bir ac\u0131m\u0131z var desem abartm\u0131\u015f olmam.<\/p>\n

15 Kas\u0131m\u2019da tam 86 y\u0131l \u00f6nce Seyid R\u0131za, o\u011flu ve be\u015f yolda\u015f\u0131yla Elaz\u0131\u011f\u2019da idam edildi.<\/p>\n

Halen mezar yeri a\u00e7\u0131klanm\u0131\u015f ve cesetler ailelerine verilmi\u015f de\u011fildir.<\/p>\n

Sadece mezar yerleri de\u011fil kanun da gizlenmi\u015ftir. Dersim harek\u00e2t\u0131 \u00f6ncesinde, bir ilk ya\u015fanm\u0131\u015f, kanun gizlenmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

Gizli kararnameler biliniyordu, ama \u2018gizli kanun\u2019 ne demektir? Hani TC, hukuk devletiydi.<\/p>\n

Tutanakta kanun m\u00fczakeresiyle ilgili tek sat\u0131r bulunmamaktad\u0131r. Gizli celsede dahi g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fclmemi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

Kanunun haz\u0131rlanmas\u0131nda Meclis\u2019in pay-pas edilmesi bilinmez de\u011fildir.<\/p>\n

\u0130ttihat\u00e7\u0131lar me\u015fhurdu, g\u00fcya Meclis-i Mebusan a\u00e7\u0131kt\u0131, ama kanun yapan h\u00fck\u00fcmetti.<\/p>\n

\u201cYok kanun, yap kanun\u201d deyi\u015fiyle hat\u0131rlanan Enver Pa\u015fad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u0130ttihat\u00e7\u0131 h\u00fck\u00fcmetin, harici ve d\u00e2hili harbi y\u00fcr\u00fctt\u00fc\u011f\u00fc y\u0131llarda Meclis-i Mebusan\u2019\u0131n kanun yapma yetkisini gasp etti\u011fini s\u00f6ylemek abartma olmayacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Tar\u0131k Zafer Tunaya\u2019n\u0131n ara\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131ndan \u00f6\u011freniyoruz ki, 1908-1918 d\u00f6neminde 1000 tanesi \u0130ttihat\u00e7\u0131 h\u00fck\u00fcmete ait olmak \u00fczere, toplam 1682 muvakkat kanun ve 1500 normal kanun y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe konmu\u015ftur.(1)<\/p>\n

Milyonlarca insan\u0131 yerinden-yurdundan kovalaman\u0131n ve mal\u0131na-m\u00fclk\u00fcne el koyman\u0131n 27 May\u0131s 1915 tarihli Tehcir Kanunu ve 26 Eyl\u00fcl 1915 tarihli Tasfiye Kanunu da birer muvakkat kanundu. Bu anlamda, \u0130ttihat\u00e7\u0131 iktidar \u2018muvakkat kanun devleti\u2019 y\u0131llar\u0131yd\u0131.<\/p>\n

Cumhuriyet d\u00f6nemi \u00e7ok mu farkl\u0131?<\/p>\n

H\u00fck\u00fcmetin TBMM\u2019ye getirdi\u011fi her kanun tasar\u0131s\u0131 da oy birli\u011fiyle kabul edilmi\u015ftir. Hi\u00e7 itiraz olmaz m\u0131?<\/p>\n

Meral Demirel\u2019in yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131rmaya g\u00f6re, 1927-1946 d\u00f6neminde milletvekillerinin kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131 518 bin 507 oyun y\u00fczde 99,95\u2019i (yani 518 bin 216\u2019s\u0131) CHP\u2019nin istedi\u011fi \u2018kabul\u2019 oyu olmu\u015ftur. Sonucun ba\u015fka t\u00fcrl\u00fc olmas\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fildir.(2)<\/p>\n

Ahmet Demirel\u2019in ara\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131yla da ortaya konmu\u015ftur ki, 1923\u2019ten 1946\u2019ya kadar 1037 ki\u015fi milletvekili se\u00e7ildi ve bunlardan 1032\u2019si CHP aday\u0131 veya CHP\u2019nin destekledi\u011fi ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z adaylard\u0131. T\u00fcz\u00fc\u011fe g\u00f6re adaylar\u0131 da belirleyen CHP lideri, yani Atat\u00fcrk ve \u0130n\u00f6n\u00fc\u2019yd\u00fc.(3)<\/p>\n

1979\u2019da milletvekillerinin atand\u0131\u011f\u0131 tespitini yapan \u0130smail Be\u015fikci, Cumhuriyet Halk F\u0131rkas\u0131\u2019n\u0131n T\u00fcz\u00fc\u011f\u00fc (1927) ve K\u00fcrt Sorunu ara\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131nda, tek parti d\u00f6nemi se\u00e7imlerinin birer aldatmaca oldu\u011funu ortaya koymu\u015ftur.(4)<\/p>\n

Dersim\u2019de ne yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ilk analiz eden de \u0130smail Be\u015fikci\u2019ydi. 1977\u2019de yay\u0131nevine verdi\u011fi Tunceli Kanunu (1935) ve Dersim Jenosidi\u2019ni maalesef ikinci kez kaleme almas\u0131ndan sonra ancak 1990\u2019da (Belge Yay\u0131nlar\u0131) okuyabilmi\u015ftik.<\/p>\n

Mebuslar\u0131n atand\u0131\u011f\u0131 b\u00f6yle bir Meclis\u2019te anayasay\u0131 yok sayan kanun da yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

2884 say\u0131l\u0131 Tun\u00e7eli Vil\u00e2yetinin \u0130daresi Hakk\u0131nda Kanun\u2019la \u00f6zel bir sistem olu\u015fturuldu. Tun\u00e7eli\u2019nin vali ve komutan\u0131 olarak atanan Korgeneral Abdullah Alpdo\u011fan, do\u011frudan h\u00fck\u00fcmetin yereldeki \u2018koloni\u2019 temsilcisi olarak, idam\u0131 infaz yetkisine de sahipti. Oysa 1924 Anayasas\u0131\u2019na (madde 26) g\u00f6re idam\u0131 infaz yetkisi TBMM\u2019ye aitti. Kanunun anayasaya ayk\u0131r\u0131 olmas\u0131n\u0131 Adliye Enc\u00fcmeni K\u00e2tibi Raif Karadeniz (Trabzon), TBMM\u2019de \u015f\u00f6yle savundu:<\/p>\n

\u201cYaln\u0131z, memleketin y\u00fcksek menfaat\u0131n\u0131 bir tarafa koyduk ve di\u011fer tarafa da kanuni mevzuat\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 koyduk ve Te\u015fkil\u00e2t\u0131 Esasiye Kanunu\u2019na kar\u015f\u0131 beslenmesi laz\u0131m gelen peresti\u015f ve h\u00fcrmeti de g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcnde tutarak d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fck ve bu neticeye vas\u0131l olduk.\u201d(5)<\/p>\n

Kanunla anayasan\u0131n ilgas\u0131 ilk de\u011fildi. 10 y\u0131l \u00f6nce de benzer uygulama yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. 1925\u2019te Takrir-i S\u00fck\u00fbn icraat\u0131nda idam\u0131 infaz yetkisi, s\u0131k\u0131y\u00f6netim komutanlar\u0131(6) ve Ankara ile Diyarbak\u0131r \u0130stikl\u00e2l Mahkemelerine(7) verilmi\u015fti.<\/p>\n

2425 say\u0131l\u0131 kanun Fihrist\u2019te var ve Resm\u00ee Gazete\u2019de yay\u0131nlanmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r (TBMM ZC, devre: 4, cilt: 22, Fihrist-s. 1; T\u00fcrk Parlamento Tarihi, 4. D\u00f6nem (1931-1935), cilt: 1, Ankara-1996, s. 785).<\/p>\n

KANUN, \u2018F\u0130HR\u0130ST\u2019TE VAR, AMA \u2018ZABIT\u2019TA YOK<\/strong><\/p>\n

TBMM Zab\u0131t Ceridesi\u2019nin Fihrist\u2019ine g\u00f6re 2425 say\u0131l\u0131 kanun m\u00fczakere edilmi\u015ftir. Oysa belirtilen sayfalarda veya ilgili g\u00fcnlerde b\u00f6yle bir kanun m\u00fczakeresi yap\u0131lmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Kanun 3 May\u0131s 1934 tarihli oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in \u00f6ncesine de bakt\u0131m. TBMM, 2 Nisan\u2019dan itibaren ay\u0131n son g\u00fcn\u00fc d\u00e2hil 12 g\u00fcn \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131. 1934 y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n Nisan ay\u0131 tutana\u011f\u0131, TBMM Zab\u0131t Ceridesi\u2019nin 21\u2019inci cildidir. Nisan ay\u0131nda kanunla ilgili herhangi bir m\u00fczakere yap\u0131lmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.(8)<\/p>\n

4\u2019\u00fcnc\u00fc devre, 3\u2019\u00fcnc\u00fc y\u0131l\u0131n May\u0131s 1934 d\u00f6nemi zapt\u0131 22\u2019nci cilttir. Fihrist\u2019inde (s.1-3) 67 kanun (say\u0131: 2421-2488) hakk\u0131nda bilgi vard\u0131r. Fihrist\u2019te 3 May\u0131s 1934 tarih ve 2425 say\u0131l\u0131 kanun i\u00e7inse yazan \u015fudur: \u201c2425 say\u0131l\u0131 kanun Mill\u00ee M\u00fcdafaa Vek\u00e2letince 49 500 000 liral\u0131k taahh\u00fcdat icras\u0131 hakk\u0131nda, sayfa 6:9, 12, 21, 32:35.\u201d(9)<\/p>\n

Fihrist\u2019te belirtilen sayfalar nedeniyle kanun tarihi 3 May\u0131s\u2019ta ve devam\u0131 5-7 May\u0131s\u2019ta da TBMM g\u00fcndeminde ad\u0131 ge\u00e7en kanunla ilgili m\u00fczakere yap\u0131lmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.(10)<\/p>\n

Kanun, \u2018Fihrist\u2019ten ba\u015fka, 1934 Y\u0131l\u0131 B\u00fct\u00e7e Kanunu\u2019nun G Cetveli\u2019nde de \u20182425 say\u0131l\u0131 Mill\u00ee M\u00fcdafaa Vek\u00e2letince gelecek senelere sar\u00ee taahh\u00fct icras\u0131na dair\u2019 olarak yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.(11)<\/p>\n

Kanunun Resm\u00ee Gazete varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 bu kadard\u0131r. Zaten kanunlarla ilgili s\u0131ralamada da \u201ckanun yay\u0131nlanmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u201d yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.(12)<\/p>\n

\u00d6zet olarak, TBMM\u2019nin 4\u2019\u00fcnc\u00fc devresinin 22\u2019nci cildinin Fihrist\u2019inde yaz\u0131lana g\u00f6re 2425 say\u0131l\u0131 kanunun m\u00fczakeresi yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r, ama belirtilen g\u00fcnde ve sayfalarda kanunla ilgili herhangi bir m\u00fczakere tutana\u011f\u0131 bulunmamaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Gizli celsede m\u00fczakere yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnerek, TBMM GC Zapt\u0131na da bakt\u0131m. TBMM, 1931-1935 d\u00f6neminde 25 Ekim 1934\u2019te gizli celse i\u00e7in toplanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Konuysa, Balkan \u0130tilaf\u0131 \u00c7er\u00e7evesinde Yugoslavya ve Romanya ile \u0130mzalanan Antla\u015fman\u0131n m\u00fczakeresiydi. Bu, 2 Eyl\u00fcl 1927-15 May\u0131s 1950 d\u00f6neminin tek gizli celse oturumuydu.(13)<\/p>\n

Soru \u015fudur: Fihrist\u2019e m\u00fczakeresi yap\u0131lmayan kanun hakk\u0131ndaki bilgiyi kim ve niye yazm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r?<\/p>\n

Sonu\u00e7 olarak, 68 y\u0131l sonra 2425 say\u0131l\u0131 kanunun ne oldu\u011funu, ancak 2002\u2019de \u00f6\u011frenebildik.<\/p>\n

G\u0130ZL\u0130 KANUNA 68 YILLIK PERDE<\/strong><\/p>\n

Milletvekillerini CHP liderinin atad\u0131\u011f\u0131 Meclis\u2019in yasama faaliyetine de\u011findim.<\/p>\n

Bu kadar m\u0131?<\/p>\n

Devam\u0131 var.<\/p>\n

Yaz\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131na g\u00f6re TBMM\u2019nin kabul etti\u011fi kanun gizlendi, tutanakta tek sat\u0131r yaz\u0131lmad\u0131.<\/p>\n

Belki kanun, tasar\u0131 ya da teklif Meclis\u2019e gelmeden do\u011frudan yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olamaz m\u0131? Hay\u0131r demek m\u00fcmk\u00fcn m\u00fc?<\/p>\n

\u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc TBMM, kanunu Resm\u00ee Gazete\u2019de yay\u0131mlamad\u0131.<\/p>\n

Kanunun, yakla\u015f\u0131k \u00fc\u00e7 \u00e7eyrek as\u0131r g\u00fcndeme gelmemesi de hayli ilgin\u00e7tir. Nas\u0131l olur da hi\u00e7bir milletvekilinin dikkatini \u00e7ekmez ve g\u00fcndeme getirmez.<\/p>\n

Neyin gizlendi\u011fini ancak 68 y\u0131l sonra \u00f6\u011frenebildik.<\/p>\n

\u0130stanbul Milletvekili Azmi Ate\u015f,<\/p>\n

\u0130stanbul Milletvekili Azmi Ate\u015f, 19 Mart 2002\u2019de gizli kanunla ilgili TBMM Ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131\u2019na yaz\u0131l\u0131 soru \u00f6nergesiyle ba\u015fvurdu (say\u0131: 7\/6576). Azmi Ate\u015f, konunun hikayesini, 1\u2019inci soruda yazd\u0131 (aynen aktar\u0131yorum):<\/p>\n

\u201c1934 tarihinde \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olan 2425 say\u0131l\u0131 kanunu temin etmek i\u00e7in her zamanki prosed\u00fcr gere\u011fi, TBMM k\u00fct\u00fcphanesinden istedim. \u0130lgililer bulamay\u0131nca, bu defa Kanunlar Kararlar M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc\u2019nden temin etmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131m. Gizli olmas\u0131 dolay\u0131s\u0131yla sizin onay\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n gerekti\u011fini s\u00f6ylediler. Bunun \u00fczerine Genel Sekreterlik\u2019ten -sizinle yapt\u0131klar\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fme sonucunda- bu kanunu Ba\u015fkanl\u0131ktan bir yaz\u0131yla talep etmem gerekti\u011fi cevab\u0131n\u0131 ald\u0131m. Bu durumu teyid etmek \u00fczere de sizi telefonla arad\u0131m. Ba\u015fbakanl\u0131k Mevzuat\u0131 Geli\u015ftirme ve Yay\u0131n Genel M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc taraf\u0131ndan 1989 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u2018Kanunlar K\u00fclliyat\u0131 Fihristi\u2019 ad\u0131yla yay\u0131nlanan kitapta; 2425 say\u0131l\u0131 kanunun kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda \u2018Bu kanun ne\u015fredilmemi\u015ftir\u2019 ifadesi yer almaktad\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca, Emekli H\u00e2kim T\u00fcmamiral Fahri \u00c7\u00d6KER, Av. Faruk KAZANCI ve Muharrem KAZANCI taraf\u0131ndan 1991\u2019de haz\u0131rlan\u0131p \u2018T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyeti Kanunlar\u0131\u2019 ad\u0131yla yay\u0131nlanan kitab\u0131nda ise, 2425 say\u0131l\u0131 kanun i\u00e7in \u2018Bu kanun gizlili\u011fi dolay\u0131s\u0131yla yay\u0131nlanmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u2019 denmektedir. Bu tesbitlerimin \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131 alt\u0131nda, size sormak istiyorum. Bu kanunun ad\u0131 ve \u2018konusu\u2019 nedir?\u201d<\/p>\n

\u0130kinci ve \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc soru da kanunla ilgili ve kendisine verilmesi hakk\u0131ndayd\u0131.<\/p>\n

Milletvekili Azmi Ate\u015f\u2019e kadar kimse bu gizli kanunu merak etmemi\u015f ya da \u00f6nemsememi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

TBMM Ba\u015fkan\u0131 \u00d6mer \u0130zgi\u2019nin verdi\u011fi yan\u0131tla, 2425 no\u2019lu kanun \u00fczerindeki gizlilik perdesi kald\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131. 3 May\u0131s 1934 tarih ve 2425 no\u2019lu Mill\u00ee M\u00fcdafaa Vekaleti\u2019nce 49,5 Milyon Liral\u0131k Taahh\u00fcdat \u0130cras\u0131 Hakk\u0131nda Kanun yedi maddedir. Kanunla sekiz senede, askeri y\u00f6nden gerekli ara\u00e7 gerecin al\u0131nmas\u0131 ve emlakin in\u015fas\u0131yla tamiri i\u00e7in toplam 49,5 milyon liral\u0131k harcama yap\u0131lmas\u0131 planland\u0131. 5\u2019inci maddede ilga edilen kanun (8 Haziran 1933 tarih ve 2283 say\u0131l\u0131) askeri ihtiya\u00e7lar i\u00e7in Ankara, Konya ve Merzifon\u2019da al\u0131nacak binalar hakk\u0131ndayd\u0131.(14)<\/p>\n

Mart 2002\u2019de TBMM Ba\u015fkan\u0131 \u00d6mer \u0130zgi\u2019nin a\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131 o g\u00fcnlerde de haberle\u015ftirilmi\u015fti.<\/p>\n

Kayna\u011f\u0131n bir t\u00fcr \u00f6rt\u00fcl\u00fc \u00f6denek gibi harcanmas\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc kanunla, gelir\/gider b\u00fct\u00e7esi ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmesinin 207\/229 milyon lira oldu\u011fu(15) 1934\u2019te, sekiz y\u0131lda askeri ihtiya\u00e7lar i\u00e7in 49,5 milyon lira harcanmas\u0131 planland\u0131.<\/p>\n

1934\u2019te ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 gelir\/gider b\u00fct\u00e7esi 184,1 milyon lira olup, bunda Milli M\u00fcdafaa Vekaleti (Mill\u00ee Savunma Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131) pay\u0131 yakla\u015f\u0131k y\u00fczde 27\u2019ydi (49,4 milyon lirayd\u0131).(16)<\/p>\n

TBMM Ba\u015fkan\u0131 \u00d6mer \u0130zgi, cevaplar\u0131n\u0131n 27 Mart 2002\u2019de TBMM Tutanak Dergisi\u2019nde (cilt: 90) yay\u0131mlanmas\u0131ndan \u00f6nce 19 Mart\u2019ta yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klamadaysa, iki do\u011fru olmayan s\u00f6ylemde bulunmu\u015ftur. Birincisi, 2425 say\u0131l\u0131 kanunun Resm\u00ee Gazete\u2019de yay\u0131mland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve ikincisi de TBMM\u2019de g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc s\u00f6ylemi\u015ftir. \u0130kisi de yanl\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Mevcut eldeki bilgiye g\u00f6re, ortada ne yay\u0131mland\u0131\u011f\u0131 gazete ne de kanunun m\u00fczakere tutana\u011f\u0131 vard\u0131r.<\/p>\n

De\u011findim, Resm\u00ee Gazete\u2019de varl\u0131\u011f\u0131, 1934 b\u00fct\u00e7esinde ilgili kanunlar s\u0131ralamas\u0131nda isminden bahsedilmesidir, bu kadard\u0131r.<\/p>\n

2425 say\u0131l\u0131 yasayla ilgili \u0130stanbul Milletvekili Azmi Ate\u015f\u2019in soru \u00f6nergesi ve TBMM Ba\u015fkan\u0131 \u00d6mer \u0130zgi\u2019nin cevab\u0131 (TBMM Tutanak Dergisi, D\u00f6nem: 21, cilt: 90, s. 334-335).<\/p>\n

ASKER\u0130YEYE 8 YILLIK VE SANAY\u0130YEYE 5 YILLIK PLAN<\/strong><\/p>\n

Askeriye, \u015eeyh Said Hareketi sonras\u0131nda 1925 \u015eubat\u2019tan itibaren Palu\u2019dan, Hizan\u2019a, Elaz\u0131\u011f\u2019a, Diyarbak\u0131r\u2019a, Sasun\u2019a, A\u011fr\u0131\u2019ya, Hakkari\u2019ye, Dersim\u2019e sahadad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

1925-1934 deneyimi dikkate al\u0131narak, Dersim harek\u00e2t\u0131 \u00f6ncesinde iki \u015fey yap\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n

Birincisi, askeriyenin g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc art\u0131rmay\u0131 planlamak. \u0130kincisi de gerekli kayna\u011f\u0131 yaratmakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

1934 May\u0131s\u2019ta her iki madde i\u00e7in ne yap\u0131laca\u011f\u0131 belirlenmi\u015ftir. Program dahilinde sekiz y\u0131lda askeriyenin belirlenen ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n kar\u015f\u0131lanmas\u0131 i\u00e7in 49,5 milyon liran\u0131n harcanmas\u0131 planland\u0131 ve bunun i\u00e7in gizli kanun \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131ld\u0131. Hi\u00e7 ku\u015fkusuz kanun \u00f6ncesinde ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131n ne oldu\u011fu da tek tek belirlenmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

Anl\u0131yoruz ki, SSCB\u2019den etkilenerek 1932\u2019de \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131na ba\u015flanan ve 17 Nisan 1934\u2019te y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe giren Birinci Be\u015f Y\u0131ll\u0131k Sanayi Plan\u0131 yan\u0131 s\u0131ra askeriye i\u00e7in de \u00f6zel \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Sanayi i\u00e7in 5 y\u0131ll\u0131k ve askeriye i\u00e7in 8 y\u0131ll\u0131k plan haz\u0131rlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

1934 May\u0131s ay\u0131n\u0131n 3\u2019\u00fcnde askeriyenin 8 y\u0131ll\u0131k yap\u0131land\u0131rma program\u0131yla ve 28\u2019inde de bunun finansman\u0131yla ilgili kanunlar kabul edildi.<\/p>\n

Kayna\u011f\u0131n Maliye Vekili\u2019nin bono ihrac\u0131 (i\u00e7) bor\u00e7lanmas\u0131yla kar\u015f\u0131lanmas\u0131 \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcyorsa (madde 3) da 23 May\u0131s 1934\u2019te TBMM\u2019ye sevk edilen tasar\u0131lar, 28 May\u0131s\u2019ta kanunla\u015ft\u0131. Tasar\u0131y\u0131 Cumhuriyet gazetesi detayl\u0131 haberle\u015ftirdi. B\u00f6ylece 2456, 2458, 2459 ve 2460 say\u0131l\u0131 kanunlarla t\u00fct\u00fcnden i\u00e7kiye, \u00e7aydan cama, damga pulundan sinema biletine ve pamuk ipli\u011fine kadar pek \u00e7ok \u00fcr\u00fcnden belli bir miktarda Mill\u00ee M\u00fcdafaa Vergisi al\u0131nmaya ba\u015fland\u0131.(17)<\/p>\n

Ne tesad\u00fcf ki hemen ard\u0131ndan 14 Haziran 1934\u2019te, \u2018T\u00fcrk \u0131rk\u0131ndan olan\u2019 ve \u2018olmayan\u2019 ya da \u2018anadili T\u00fcrk\u00e7e olan\u2019 ve \u2018olmayan\u2019 ayr\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u0131rk\u00e7\u0131 2510 say\u0131l\u0131 \u0130sk\u00e2n Kanunu da kabul edilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

Ba\u015fvekil \u0130smet\u2019in (\u0130n\u00f6n\u00fc) askeriyeyi yap\u0131land\u0131rmakla ilgili b\u00f6ylesi d\u00f6nemde yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 de\u011ferlendirme de ne yap\u0131laca\u011f\u0131n\u0131n beyan\u0131yd\u0131:<\/p>\n

\u201cMill\u00ee servetimiz ve takatimiz nisbetinde orduya verdi\u011fimiz paran\u0131n, yerinde ve iyi kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131na, icap ederse \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclemeyecek geni\u015f ve m\u00fcsbet neticeler alaca\u011f\u0131na emin olabilirsiniz. (\u015eiddetli alk\u0131\u015flar) B\u00fcy\u00fck T\u00fcrk milleti, millet ordusunu te\u00e7hiz etmek i\u00e7in, zabitlerini ve askerlerini vas\u0131tal\u0131 ve muteber tutmak i\u00e7in severek fedak\u00e2rl\u0131k etmekte yerden g\u00f6\u011fe kadar hakl\u0131d\u0131r. (Alk\u0131\u015flar) (\u2026) Mill\u00ee T\u00fcrk Devletinin sa\u011flam temellerle kurulmas\u0131nda emniyetli ve feyizli yollarda y\u00fckselmesinde Mustafa Kemal adl\u0131 bir reise malik olmas\u0131 ebed\u00ee tarihin cereyan\u0131nda bulunmaz bir f\u0131rsat ve bahas\u0131 \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclmez bir nimettir. (\u015eiddetli alk\u0131\u015flar, bravo sesleri)\u201d(18)<\/p>\n

Bir y\u0131l sonra program g\u00fcncellenmi\u015ftir. Ba\u015fvekil \u0130smet\u2019in ba\u015fkanl\u0131k etti\u011fi Y\u00fcksek M\u00fcdafaa Meclisi, 19-21 Haziran 1935\u2019te yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 toplant\u0131da, hava kuvvetlerini g\u00fc\u00e7lendirmek amac\u0131yla \u00fc\u00e7 y\u0131ll\u0131k bir program belirlemi\u015ftir.(19)<\/p>\n

Devam\u0131ndaki g\u00fcndem yeniden kaynak aray\u0131\u015f\u0131 olmu\u015ftur. 25 Aral\u0131k 1935\u2019te 2881 ile 2882 say\u0131l\u0131 kanunla, askeriyenin hava g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc art\u0131rmada kullan\u0131lmak \u00fczere 21,5 milyon liral\u0131k kaynak yaratmak amac\u0131yla vergiler artt\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu kanunlarla birlikte 2 Ocak 1936\u2019da Dersim\u2019de k\u0131r\u0131m\u0131n idaresini kuran 2884 no\u2019lu Tun\u00e7eli Vilayetinin \u0130daresi Hakk\u0131nda Kanun da y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe girmi\u015ftir.(20)<\/p>\n

Ne tesad\u00fcf de\u011fil mi?<\/p>\n

Cumhuriyet gazetesi, askeriyenin yap\u0131land\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 yak\u0131ndan takip etmi\u015f ve geli\u015fmeleri haberle\u015ftirmi\u015ftir.(21)<\/p>\n

Anl\u0131yoruz ki 1930\u2019lu y\u0131llar\u0131n yar\u0131s\u0131nda ordunun yap\u0131land\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 programlanm\u0131\u015f ve gerekli kaynak yarat\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. 2425 say\u0131l\u0131 kanun da bu planlaman\u0131n temel unsurudur; \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc 8 y\u0131ll\u0131k program\u0131n ana materyalidir.<\/p>\n

Milli M\u00fcdafaa Vergileri ve Y\u00fcksek M\u00fcdafaa Meclisi \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 haberle\u015ftirildi (Cumhuriyet, 23.5.1934, s. 1, 5 ve Cumhuriyet, 22.6.1935).<\/p>\n

100 KANUN H\u00dcKM\u00dcNDE KARARNAME G\u0130ZL\u0130D\u0130R<\/strong><\/p>\n

Gizli kararnameler bilinirdi, kanunun gizlili\u011fi ilktir. Askeriyenin sekiz y\u0131ll\u0131k harcama plan\u0131 gizleniyor. Kanunun ne oldu\u011funu ancak 68 y\u0131l sonra \u00f6\u011frenebildik, 2002\u2019de.<\/p>\n

Dersim\u2019de \u201938 harek\u00e2t\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6zel (6.8.1938 tarih ve 2\/9409 say\u0131l\u0131) kararnamesi(22) de gizliydi. Buna benzer pek \u00e7ok kararnamenin gizli oldu\u011funu anlamak i\u00e7in Cumhuriyet Ar\u015fivi\u2019nde Bakanlar Kurulu Kararlar\u0131 Katalo\u011fu\u2019nu (Kronolojik) taramak yeterlidir. E\u011fer, s\u0131ralamada herhangi bir numara atlanm\u0131\u015fsa biliniz ki, o hi\u00e7 teredd\u00fcts\u00fcz gizlidir. 2\/9409 say\u0131l\u0131 kararname, katalogda bunun i\u00e7in yoktur, numaras\u0131 atlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Bu, bir \u00f6rnek.<\/p>\n

Avukat Fethiye \u00c7etin, 2000 y\u0131l\u0131 itibariyle 100 tane Kanun H\u00fckm\u00fcnde Kararname\u2019nin yay\u0131mlanmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n\/gizlendi\u011finin tespit edildi\u011fini belirtti. Anayasa gere\u011fi Resm\u00ee Gazete\u2019de yay\u0131mlanmayan KHK\u2019n\u0131n uygulanamayaca\u011f\u0131na dikkat \u00e7eken Fethiye \u00c7etin, kasalardaki gizli t\u00fcm mevzuat\u0131n yay\u0131mlanmas\u0131n\u0131, bilinmesini istedi ve bunun vazge\u00e7ilmez hukuki kural oldu\u011funu belirtti.<\/p>\n

SEY\u0130D RIZA\u2019NIN MEZAR YER\u0130 NEDEN G\u0130ZLEN\u0130YOR?<\/strong><\/p>\n

15 Kas\u0131m 1937\u2019te Seyid R\u0131za, o\u011flu H\u00fcseyin, Seyhanl\u0131 a\u015fireti reisi Haso Seydi, Yusuf Hanl\u0131 a\u015firet reisi Kamer o\u011flu F\u0131nd\u0131k, Demirelli a\u015firet reisi Cebrail o\u011flu Hasan, K\u0131ri\u015fanl\u0131 Ulihiyer o\u011flu Hasan ve Mirza Ali o\u011flu Ali idam edildi.<\/p>\n

Topra\u011fa veren de idam edendir!<\/p>\n

TC, 86 y\u0131ld\u0131r mezarlar\u0131n nerede oldu\u011funu a\u00e7\u0131klamad\u0131.<\/p>\n

Dersim\u2019de y\u00fczle\u015fmenin ilk ad\u0131m\u0131, mezar yerinin a\u00e7\u0131klanmas\u0131 ve cesetlerin ailelerine verilmesidir.<\/p>\n

Ve 2011\u2019de bir s\u00f6ylem\u2026<\/p>\n

Ba\u015fbakan Recep T. Erdo\u011fan: \u201cDersim\u2019den \u00f6z\u00fcr diliyorum.\u201d<\/p>\n

Demi\u015fti, o kadar.<\/p>\n

K\u00f6pr\u00fcn\u00fcn alt\u0131ndan \u00e7ok sular akt\u0131\u2026<\/p>\n

Seyid R\u0131za\u2019n\u0131n idam\u0131, Dersim\u2019de liderlik yetene\u011fi olanlar\u0131n tasfiyesinin \u00f6nemli operasyonuydu.<\/p>\n

Ya\u015fam sahas\u0131 hedeflenen a\u015firetlerin liderleri biliniyordu. Bunlar\u0131n \u201cjandarmaya teslim olmas\u0131\u201d istendi ve haberler g\u00f6nderildi, hatta u\u00e7aklarla bildiriler at\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n

Bir k\u0131sm\u0131 teslim oldu, bir k\u0131sm\u0131 da operasyonlarla \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc.<\/p>\n

1937 y\u0131l\u0131 sonu itibariyle ve Seyid R\u0131za\u2019n\u0131n idam\u0131yla Dersim\u2019de liderlik yetene\u011fi olanlar bir bir tasfiye edilmi\u015fti.<\/p>\n

\u00d6ncesi de vard\u0131. 24 Nisan 1915\u2019te de tasfiye edilenler, 6 Eyl\u00fcl 1914\u2019ten beri takip edilen Ermenilerin, liderlik yetene\u011fi olanlard\u0131.<\/p>\n

Liderlik yetene\u011fi olanlar\u0131n tasfiye edildi\u011fi Dersim\u2019de \u00fc\u00e7 kolordunun kat\u0131l\u0131m\u0131yla 1 no\u2019lu, 2 no\u2019lu ve 3 no\u2019lu yasak b\u00f6lgesinde \u201938 harek\u00e2t\u0131 planland\u0131 ve yap\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n

Harek\u00e2tla on binlerce Dersimli \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc ve topra\u011f\u0131ndan kopart\u0131ld\u0131\/s\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc.<\/p>\n

Foto\u011fraf arkas\u0131 notu: Elaziz [Elaz\u0131\u011f], Seyid R\u0131za [1], o\u011flu \u015eeyh H\u00fcseyin [2] ve aveneleriyle birlikte mahkemeye giderlerken (Foto: Hasan Salt\u0131k Ar\u015fivi).<\/p>\n

VE 1938 DERS\u0130M HAREK\u00c2TI<\/strong><\/p>\n

Askeriyenin 8 y\u0131ll\u0131k plan\u0131na, Avrupa\u2019da Hitler\u2019in sald\u0131rganl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve \u00e7alan sava\u015f tamtamlar\u0131 gibi gerek\u00e7eler \u00f6ne s\u00fcr\u00fclebilir.<\/p>\n

1934 May\u0131s\u2019\u0131nda hari\u00e7te tamtamlar ne kadar \u00e7al\u0131yor vesaire bir yana, bug\u00fcn elimizdeki gizlili\u011fi kald\u0131r\u0131lan raporlardan biliyoruz ki, devletin d\u00e2hilde asayi\u015f penceresinde g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc Dersim\u2019di.<\/p>\n

Ocak 1936\u2019dan itibaren Tun\u00e7eli vilayeti kurulup, Korgeneral Abdullah Alpdo\u011fan komutan-vali ve m\u00fcfetti\u015f olarak atand\u0131ktan sonra, iki y\u0131l boyunca Dersimlilerden silah topland\u0131 ve liderlik yetene\u011fi olanlara y\u00f6nelik operasyonlar yap\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n

\u0130ki y\u0131l\u0131n sonunda askeriyedeki yap\u0131land\u0131rma Cumhuriyet\u2019in m\u00fcjdeli haberidir: \u201cHava kuvvetlerimiz ge\u00e7en seneye g\u00f6re birka\u00e7 misli artt\u0131\u201d Haberde, yabanc\u0131 memleketlerden tayyare, motor vesairenin sat\u0131n al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan ve heyetlerin \u0130ngiltere, Amerika, Almanya ve Fransa\u2019da inceleme yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan bahsedilmektedir.(23)<\/p>\n

H\u00fck\u00fcmet, haz\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131 dikkate alarak, 9 Haziran 1938\u2019de iki (8973 ve 8974 say\u0131l\u0131) kararnameyle \u2018d\u00e2hili harbe\u2019 imza att\u0131:<\/p>\n

\u201cBir aydan fazla devam edece\u011fi tahmin edilen Tunceli harek\u00e2t\u0131n\u0131n muharebe ve m\u00fcsademeleri (harp etmeyi ve \u00e7arp\u0131\u015fmay\u0131) istilzam edecek (gerektirecek) mahiyette ve ehemmiyette oldu\u011fu\u201d ve \u201cTunceli harek\u00e2t\u0131na i\u015ftirak edecek kara, hava ve jandarma birliklerine mensup erata kuvvetli tayin verilmesi i\u00e7in bu hareketin sefer mahiyetinde m\u00fchim hareket oldu\u011fu (\u2026)\u201d(24)<\/p>\n

Harek\u00e2t plan\u0131 da 6 A\u011fustos 1938\u2019de \u2018gizli\u2019 (9409 say\u0131l\u0131) kararnameyle belirlendi. Harek\u00e2tta sekiz y\u0131ll\u0131k plana g\u00f6re yap\u0131land\u0131r\u0131lan askeriyenin t\u00fcm g\u00fcc\u00fc kullan\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n

Sonu\u00e7 ortadad\u0131r: 1919-1922 y\u0131llar\u0131n\u0131 kapsayan T\u00fcrk Kurtulu\u015f Sava\u015f\u0131\u2019nda 9167 subay-asker ve (\u0130\u00e7i\u015fleri Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131\u011f\u0131na g\u00f6re) 1938\u2019de 13 bin 160 Dersimli ile 122 asker-milis \u00f6lm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.(25)<\/p>\n

\u00d6zetle, gizli kanunla 1934\u2019ten itibaren 8 y\u0131ll\u0131k planla yap\u0131land\u0131r\u0131lan askeriyenin en kapsaml\u0131 harek\u00e2t\u0131, 1938\u2019de Dersim\u2019de icra edilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

NOTLAR:<\/strong><\/p>\n

(1) Tar\u0131k Zafer Tunaya, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de Siyasal Geli\u015fmeler (1876-1938), 1. Kitap, \u0130stanbul Bilgi \u00dcniversitesi Yay\u0131nlar\u0131, \u0130stanbul-2003, 2. bask\u0131, s. 170; Tar\u0131k Zafer Tunaya, Tar\u0131k Zafer Tunaya, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de Siyasal Partiler, \u0130ttihat ve Terakki, cilt: 3, \u0130leti\u015fim Yay\u0131nlar\u0131, \u0130stanbul-2000, s. 267, 466-468.<\/em><\/p>\n

(2) Ahmet Demirel, Tek Partinin \u0130ktidar\u0131 (1923-1946), \u0130leti\u015fim Yay\u0131nlar\u0131, \u0130stanbul-2014, s. 24.<\/em><\/p>\n

(3) Ahmet Demirel, age, s. 18, 21.<\/em><\/p>\n

(4) \u0130smail Be\u015fikci, Cumhuriyet Halk F\u0131rkas\u0131\u2019n\u0131n T\u00fcz\u00fc\u011f\u00fc (1927) ve K\u00fcrt Sorunu, \u0130smail Be\u015fikci Vakf\u0131 Yay\u0131nlar\u0131, \u0130stanbul-2013, sf. 69-75, 120-129, 144-153, 166-180.<\/em><\/p>\n

(5) TBMM ZC, devre: 5, cilt: 7, 25.12.1935, s. 175-180.<\/em><\/p>\n

(6) 31.3.1925 tarih ve 595 say\u0131l\u0131 Harp ve \u0130syan Sahalar\u0131ndaki \u0130darei \u00d6rfiye M\u0131nt\u0131kalar\u0131nda M\u00fcte\u015fekkil Umum Divan Harplerden Verilecek \u0130dam Kararlar\u0131n\u0131n Sureti \u0130cras\u0131na Dair Kanun, TBMM ZC, devre: 2, cilt: 16, 31.3.1341 (1925), s. 297-317 ve Fihrist-s. 4.<\/em><\/p>\n

(7) TBMM\u2019nin 4.3.1925 tarih ve 117 say\u0131l\u0131 karar\u0131, D\u00dcSTUR, 3. Tertip, cilt: 6, Ba\u015fvek\u00e2let Matbaas\u0131, Ankara-1934, s. 146; TBMM\u2019nin 20 Nisan 1925 tarih ve 136 say\u0131l\u0131 Ankara \u0130stikl\u00e2l Mahkemesine De \u0130dam Sel\u00e2hiyeti Verilmesi Hakk\u0131nda Karar\u0131, D\u00dcSTUR, 3. Tertip, cilt: 6, Ba\u015fvek\u00e2let Matbaas\u0131, Ankara-1934, s. 569.<\/em><\/p>\n

(8) TBMM ZC, devre: 4, cilt: 21, Birle\u015fim: 34-45, 2-30 Nisan 1934 d\u00f6nemi.<\/em><\/p>\n

(9) TBMM ZC, devre: 4, cilt: 22, Birle\u015fim: 46-62, 3-31 May\u0131s 1934 d\u00f6nemi, Fihrist-s. 1.<\/em><\/p>\n

(10) TBMM ZC, devre: 4, cilt: 22, Birle\u015fim: 46-48, 3 ve 5 ve 7 May\u0131s 1934.<\/em><\/p>\n

(11) 30 May\u0131s 1934 tarih ve 2476 say\u0131l\u0131 1934 Y\u0131l\u0131 B\u00fct\u00e7e Kanunu, Resm\u00ee Gazete, 2.6.1934, say\u0131: 2716, s. 3908.<\/em><\/p>\n

(12) T\u00fcrk Parlamento Tarihi, 4. D\u00f6nem (1931-1935), cilt: 1, Ankara-1996, s. 785.<\/em><\/p>\n

(13) TBMM GCZ, devre: 4, cilt: 3, sene: 3, 25.10.1934, s. 584-595.<\/em><\/p>\n

(14) Milletvekili Azmi Ate\u015f\u2019in soru \u00f6nergesi ve TBMM Ba\u015fkan\u0131 \u00d6mer \u0130zgi\u2019nin cevab\u0131, TBMM Tutanak Dergisi, D\u00f6nem: 21, cilt: 90, y\u0131l: 4, 27.3.2002, s. 334-335.<\/em><\/p>\n

(15) Prof. Dr. Ekrem Pakdemirli, Ekonomimizin 1923\u2019den 1990\u2019a Say\u0131sal G\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fc, Milliyet Yay\u0131nlar\u0131, 2. bask\u0131, \u0130stanbul-1991, s. 161.<\/em><\/p>\n

(16) 30.5.1934 tarih ve 2476 say\u0131l\u0131 B\u00fct\u00e7e Kanunu, Resm\u00ee Gazete, 2.6.1934, say\u0131: 2716.<\/em><\/p>\n

(17) Cumhuriyet, 23.5.1934, s. 1, 5; 28.5.1934 tarih ve 2456 say\u0131l\u0131 G\u00fcmr\u00fcklerde \u0130stimal Olunan Baz\u0131 Evraka M\u00fcdafaa Pulu \u0130lsak\u0131 Hakk\u0131nda Kanun ile 28.5.1934 tarih ve 2458 say\u0131l\u0131 Muhtelif Maddelerden Al\u0131nacak \u0130stihl\u00e2k Vergisi Hakk\u0131nda Kanun ile 28.5.1934 tarih ve 2459 say\u0131l\u0131 Tayyare Resmi Hakk\u0131nda Kanun ile 28.5.1934 tarih ve 2460 say\u0131l\u0131 T\u00fct\u00fcn ve M\u00fcskirattan Al\u0131nacak M\u00fcdafaa Vergisi Hakk\u0131nda Kanun, Resm\u00ee Gazete, 30.5.1934, say\u0131: 2714, s. 3872-3874.<\/em><\/p>\n

(18) TBMM ZC, devre: 4, cilt: 23, 5.7.1934, s. 456-457.<\/em><\/p>\n

(19) Y\u00fcksek M\u00fcdafaa Meclisi karar\u0131, Cumhuriyet, 22.6.1935, s. 1.<\/em><\/p>\n

(20) 25.12.1935 tarih ve 2881 say\u0131l\u0131 Hava Kuvvetleri i\u00e7in 21.500.000 Liral\u0131k Taahh\u00fcde Giri\u015filmesi Hakk\u0131nda Kanun ile 25.12.1935 tarih ve 2882 say\u0131l\u0131 Hava Kuvvetlerine Yard\u0131m Vergisi Kanunu ile 25 Aral\u0131k 1935 tarih ve 2884 say\u0131l\u0131 Tunceli Vil\u00e2yetinin \u0130daresi Hakk\u0131nda Kanun, Resm\u00ee Gazete, 2.1.1936, say\u0131: 3195, s. 5889-5893.<\/em><\/p>\n

(21) Milli M\u00fcdafaa Vergileri, Cumhuriyet, 23 ve 24 ve 27 ve 29 May\u0131s 1934 ile 2.6.1934; Cumhuriyet, 26.12.1935, s. 1 ve 3.<\/em><\/p>\n

(22) 6.8.1938 tarih ve 2\/9409 say\u0131l\u0131 kararname, BCA-F: 30.18.1.2\/K: 84, D: 73, S: 8.<\/em><\/p>\n

(23) Cumhuriyet, 14.1.1938, s. 1.<\/em><\/p>\n

(24) BCA-F: 30.18.1.2\/K: 83, D: 51, S: 13; BCA-F: 30.18.1.2\/K: 83, D: 51, S: 14.<\/em><\/p>\n

(25) BCA-F:30.10\/K: 111, D: 751, S: 30, s. 2; Sabahattin Selek, Mill\u00ee M\u00fccadele, cilt: 2, \u00d6rg\u00fcn Yay\u0131nlar\u0131, 2. bask\u0131, \u0130stanbul-1982, Ek: 19.<\/em><\/p>\n

\n

Gazete Duvar<\/a>\u00a0<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Nevzat Onaran Cumhuriyet 100 ya\u015f\u0131nda, ama de\u011fi\u015fmeyen as\u0131rl\u0131k talebimiz: Can ve mal g\u00fcvenli\u011fimizdir. En sade ifadesiyle, \u2018e\u015fit vatanda\u015fl\u0131k\u2019t\u0131r. E\u015fit vatanda\u015fl\u0131k, can ve mal g\u00fcvenli\u011fi demektir\u2026 \u2018E\u015fit\u2019 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z i\u00e7in ne can ne de mal g\u00fcvenli\u011fimiz vard\u0131r\u2026 Ku\u015faklard\u0131r b\u00f6yle. 2023\u2019te de milleten T\u00fcrk ve dinen S\u00fcnni \u0130slam olmayan\u0131 resmen \u2018yok\u2019 saymaya devam ediliyor. Takvimin her g\u00fcn\u00fcnde bir […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":76844,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1,9,70,20,53],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-76842","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-haberler","category-haklarimiz","category-makaleler","category-tarih-sayfalari","category-turkiyede-azinliklar"],"yoast_head":"\nDersim\u2019in gizli kanunu - Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=76842\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Dersim\u2019in gizli kanunu - Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Nevzat Onaran Cumhuriyet 100 ya\u015f\u0131nda, ama de\u011fi\u015fmeyen as\u0131rl\u0131k talebimiz: Can ve mal g\u00fcvenli\u011fimizdir. En sade ifadesiyle, \u2018e\u015fit vatanda\u015fl\u0131k\u2019t\u0131r. E\u015fit vatanda\u015fl\u0131k, can ve mal g\u00fcvenli\u011fi demektir\u2026 \u2018E\u015fit\u2019 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z i\u00e7in ne can ne de mal g\u00fcvenli\u011fimiz vard\u0131r\u2026 Ku\u015faklard\u0131r b\u00f6yle. 2023\u2019te de milleten T\u00fcrk ve dinen S\u00fcnni \u0130slam olmayan\u0131 resmen \u2018yok\u2019 saymaya devam ediliyor. 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