{"id":75401,"date":"2023-08-02T08:16:53","date_gmt":"2023-08-02T13:16:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=75401"},"modified":"2023-08-02T08:16:53","modified_gmt":"2023-08-02T13:16:53","slug":"izmitin-hemsinli-koyleri","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=75401","title":{"rendered":"\u0130zmit\u2019in Hem\u015finli K\u00f6yleri"},"content":{"rendered":"
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\u00a0Mahir \u00d6zkan<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n

Hem\u015finliler, Hem\u015fin Prensli\u011fi 1480 y\u0131l\u0131 civar\u0131 Osmanl\u0131 egemenli\u011fine girdikten sonra b\u00f6lgeden bir\u00e7ok yere g\u00f6\u00e7 ederek yay\u0131ld\u0131lar. Hem\u015fin\u2019in s\u0131n\u0131r ve yak\u0131n b\u00f6lgelerine ya\u015fanan g\u00f6\u00e7ler oldu\u011fu gibi Hem\u015fin\u2019den \u00e7ok uzak b\u00f6lgelere de g\u00f6\u00e7ler ya\u015fand\u0131. Bu g\u00f6\u00e7lerle Hem\u015finliler, Hem\u015fin\u2019in civar\u0131nda bulunan Hopa, Bor\u00e7ka, Kemalpa\u015fa, Batum, F\u0131nd\u0131kl\u0131, Arde\u015fen, \u00c7ayeli, G\u00fcneysu, \u0130kizdere, Yusufeli, Uzundere, Tortum, \u0130spir, \u015eenkaya, Arakl\u0131, S\u00fcrmene gibi yak\u0131n il\u00e7elere yay\u0131ld\u0131lar. Ancak daha uzak yerlere de g\u00f6\u00e7 ettiler. Samsun, Sinop, Tokat, \u00c7ar\u015famba, Kur\u015funlu, Ordu, D\u00fczce, Sakarya b\u00f6lgeleri bunlardan baz\u0131lar\u0131. Baz\u0131 Hem\u015finliler ise Rus egemenli\u011finde bulunan So\u00e7i, Sohum, Gagra, Voronej, Krasnodar gibi \u015fehirlere g\u00f6\u00e7 ettiler. Batum\u2019da ya\u015fayan Hem\u015finliler ise 2. D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda Sovyet y\u00f6netimi taraf\u0131ndan K\u0131rg\u0131zistan, \u00d6zbekistan ve Kazakistan\u2019a s\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc. B\u00f6ylelikle Hem\u015finliler k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fcc\u00fck n\u00fcfuslar\u0131na g\u00f6re \u00e7ok geni\u015f bir co\u011frafyaya yay\u0131ld\u0131lar. \u00dcstelik bir k\u0131sm\u0131 H\u0131ristiyan kal\u0131p bir k\u0131sm\u0131 M\u00fcsl\u00fcman oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in kimlik alg\u0131s\u0131 bak\u0131m\u0131ndan birbirlerinden bir uzakla\u015fma da ya\u015fad\u0131lar (Her ne kadar bug\u00fcn bu uzakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 telafi edecek ili\u015fkiler kuruluyorsa da hen\u00fcz H\u0131ristiyan ve M\u00fcsl\u00fcman Hem\u015finliler aras\u0131nda yeterli bir diyalo\u011fun oldu\u011funu s\u00f6ylemek \u00e7ok zor).<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

Hem\u015fin tarihinde ya\u015fanan bu g\u00f6\u00e7lerle ilgili ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 ve ayd\u0131nlat\u0131lmas\u0131 gereken bir\u00e7ok konu var. Muhtemelen h\u00e2l\u00e2 Hem\u015finlilerin g\u00f6\u00e7 etti\u011fi ama bizim habersiz oldu\u011fumuz yerler var. Az \u00e7ok yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015f \u00e7izilmi\u015f ama Hem\u015finli kamuoyunun yeterli d\u00fczeyde bilmedi\u011fi yerler var. H\u0131ristiyan Hem\u015finlilerin kurdu\u011fu k\u00f6ylerde ya\u015fayan, Ermeni ad\u0131yla an\u0131ld\u0131klar\u0131 i\u00e7in Hem\u015finli olduklar\u0131n\u0131 bilmedi\u011fimiz insanlar\u0131m\u0131z var. \u0130stanbul Ermenileri i\u00e7inde ya\u015fayan H\u0131ristiyan Hem\u015finliler var (Onlarla ilgili bu k\u00f6\u015fede iki yaz\u0131 yay\u0131mlam\u0131\u015ft\u0131m daha \u00f6nce). Gor dergisinin \u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fczdeki say\u0131s\u0131nda Hem\u015fin co\u011frafyas\u0131 dosyas\u0131 yapaca\u011f\u0131z. Umar\u0131m Hem\u015finlilerin yay\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 alanlar\u0131n derli toplu bir foto\u011fraf\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7ekmeyi ba\u015farabiliriz.<\/p>\n

Co\u011frafya say\u0131s\u0131 i\u00e7in haz\u0131rlan\u0131rken Hem\u015finlilerin yay\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 alanlarla ilgili bir bilgiye Hem\u015finlilerle do\u011frudan alakas\u0131 olmayan bir kitapta tesad\u00fcfen rastlad\u0131m. Kitap Nisan 2023\u2019te Aras Yay\u0131nc\u0131l\u0131k taraf\u0131ndan yay\u0131mlanan Hagop Gobelyan\u2019\u0131n \u201cK\u0131zg\u0131n Buhardaki Koza\u201d adl\u0131 roman\u0131. Hagop Gobelyan\u2019\u0131n ailesi Bardizagl\u0131. \u0130zmit\u2019te bulunan ve bug\u00fcnk\u00fc ad\u0131 Bah\u00e7ecik olan Bardizag 1915\u2019e kadar \u00f6nemli bir Ermeni yerle\u015fimi. Gobelyan roman\u0131n\u0131 ailesinin ya\u015fant\u0131s\u0131ndan yola \u00e7\u0131karak kaleme alm\u0131\u015f. Bardizagl\u0131lar\u0131n temel ge\u00e7im kayna\u011f\u0131 olan ipekb\u00f6cek\u00e7ili\u011finden esinlenerek koza imgesinin izini s\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015f. Herkese roman\u0131 okumalar\u0131n\u0131 tavsiye ederek yaz\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n konusuna geri d\u00f6nelim.<\/p>\n

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Roman\u0131n giri\u015finde Gobelyan, Bardizag ve \u00e7evresini tan\u0131t\u0131yor. Tan\u0131tt\u0131\u011f\u0131 yerlerin baz\u0131lar\u0131 Hem\u015finli yerle\u015fimi. Biri \u015fu:\u00a0\u201cNahiyenin g\u00fcneybat\u0131s\u0131nda, k\u00f6yl\u00fclerin D\u00f6\u015feme ad\u0131n\u0131 verdikleri tepenin \u00fczerinde, Hem\u015fin civar\u0131ndan g\u00f6\u00e7 eden Ermenilerin kurmu\u015f oldu\u011fu, T\u00fcrklerin Sakarb\u0131\u00e7k\u0131 dedikleri (Bug\u00fcnk\u00fc ad\u0131 N\u00fczhetiye), altm\u0131\u015f be\u015f haneden olu\u015fan Zakar K\u00f6y\u00fc vard\u0131. Lazistan Sanca\u011f\u0131\u2019ndan geldikleri i\u00e7in bu k\u00f6y\u00fcn halk\u0131 \u2018Laz-Ermeni\u2019 olarak adland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131rd\u0131.\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n

13 y\u0131l \u0130zmit\u2019te ya\u015fam\u0131\u015f bir insan olarak bu sat\u0131rlar\u0131 okudu\u011fumda biraz \u015fa\u015f\u0131rd\u0131m, biraz da utand\u0131m. Nas\u0131l \u00e7evremizi bu kadar az tan\u0131yoruz diye\u2026 N\u00fczhetiye\u2019de ya\u015fayanlar bug\u00fcn ne \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde tarihlerini biliyorlar? K\u00f6y\u00fcn n\u00fcfusu ne \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde homojen kald\u0131 bilmiyorum. Ama elbette b\u00f6lgeden birileriyle g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmeler yapmak i\u00e7in m\u00fcthi\u015f bir i\u015ftah duyuyorum. Umar\u0131m k\u00f6yden birilerine ula\u015f\u0131r bu yaz\u0131 ve bir ileti\u015fim olana\u011f\u0131 do\u011far. Dikkati \u00e7eken di\u011fer bir konu da; daha \u00f6nce de baz\u0131 kaynaklarda kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131m ve anlamaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131m Laz-Ermeni tabirinin Hem\u015finlilerin Lazistan Sanca\u011f\u0131\u2019ndan gelmelerinden dolay\u0131 kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131na dair bilgi. Daha \u00f6nce yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131m bir yaz\u0131da Zaven Biberyan\u2019\u0131n Hem\u015finlileri ilk kar\u015f\u0131la\u015fmalar\u0131nda Laz zannetmesi ve \u2018de\u011fi\u015fik bir Ermenice\u2019 konu\u015fmalar\u0131na \u015fa\u015f\u0131rmas\u0131ndan s\u00f6z etmi\u015ftim. Gobelyan, Bardizagl\u0131 olman\u0131n ve ailesinin ge\u00e7mi\u015fte Hem\u015finlilerle kar\u015f\u0131la\u015fm\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131n\u0131n avantaj\u0131yla Laz-Ermeni deyi\u015finin kayna\u011f\u0131n\u0131 tespit ediyor.<\/p>\n

Bir ba\u015fka Hem\u015finli k\u00f6y\u00fc de \u015fu \u015fekilde tan\u0131t\u0131lm\u0131\u015f:<\/p>\n

\u201cBardizag\u2019dan do\u011fuya do\u011fru yar\u0131m saat y\u00fcr\u00fcy\u00fcnce yetmi\u015f be\u015f haneli D\u00f6ngel isimli Laz-Ermeni k\u00f6y\u00fcne var\u0131l\u0131yordu.\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n

D\u00f6ngel\u2019in bug\u00fcnk\u00fc ad\u0131 Kar\u015f\u0131yaka ve olduk\u00e7a geli\u015fmi\u015f ve g\u00f6\u00e7 alan bir yer. Acaba k\u00f6y\u00fcn eskilerini bulmak m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olur mu? Kendileri tarihleri konusunda ne \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde bilgiye sahipler? Buran\u0131n halk\u0131n\u0131n eskileri ile de g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmek, kay\u0131tlar almak gerekiyor. Kitab\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131klamalar b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnde D\u00f6ngel\u2019in hemen d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda D\u00f6ngeli Surp\u0131 (D\u00f6ngel\u2019in Azizi) adl\u0131 28 haneli bir Hem\u015finli k\u00f6y\u00fcnden daha s\u00f6z ediliyor. Ancak bug\u00fcn h\u00e2l\u00e2 yerle\u015fim olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve bug\u00fcnk\u00fc ad\u0131 verilmemi\u015f. Bu k\u00f6y\u00fcn de ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekiyor. K\u00f6y\u00fcn ad\u0131n\u0131n D\u00f6ngeli Surp\u0131 olmas\u0131 ve bu ismi b\u00f6lgede yer alan ve Surp Sarkis\u2019in (Aziz Sarkis) ismini ta\u015f\u0131yan \u015fapelden alm\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131 b\u00f6lge halk\u0131n\u0131n H\u0131ristiyan Hem\u015finli olma olas\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 da akla getiriyor. Elbette bu isim Bardizagl\u0131 Ermenilerin k\u00f6ye verdi\u011fi isim de olabilir. Bu durumda k\u00f6ye Hem\u015finli Ermenilerin ne ad verdi\u011fini de \u00f6\u011frenmek laz\u0131m.<\/p>\n

Yazar b\u00f6lgeyi tan\u0131t\u0131rken ba\u015fka bir Hem\u015finli yerle\u015fiminden daha s\u00f6z ediyor:<\/p>\n

\u201cG\u00fcneybat\u0131ya do\u011fru be\u015f saatlik mesafedeki bir yaylada ise 30 Laz-Ermeni hanenin ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 Manu\u015fag (Menek\u015fe) K\u00f6y\u00fc kurulmu\u015ftu.\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n

Menek\u015fe Yaylas\u0131\u2019n\u0131n Hem\u015fin yerle\u015fimi oldu\u011funu daha \u00f6nce de ba\u015fka kaynaklarda okumu\u015ftum. Ancak maalesef hen\u00fcz o b\u00f6lgede ya\u015fayan veya atalar\u0131 ya\u015fam\u0131\u015f insanlarla da bir temas\u0131m olmad\u0131. Umar\u0131m bundan sonra olabilir.<\/p>\n

Bug\u00fcn art\u0131k k\u00f6yler bile \u00e7ok h\u0131zl\u0131 \u015fekilde \u015fehirlerle i\u00e7 i\u00e7e ge\u00e7iyor. Hele burada ad\u0131 zikredilen \u00f6zellikle D\u00f6ngel gibi yerler tamamen \u015fehir olmu\u015f durumdalar. Bu nedenle de \u00e7ok g\u00f6\u00e7 al\u0131yorlar. Bu yerlerde ya\u015fayan veya atalar\u0131 buralarda ya\u015fam\u0131\u015f insanlara ula\u015fmak bug\u00fcn eskisi kadar kolay de\u011fil. Umar\u0131m bu yaz\u0131 vesilesiyle Hem\u015finlilerin pek de bilinmeyen bir b\u00f6l\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ile ili\u015fki kurma \u015fans\u0131 yakalar\u0131z.<\/p>\n

\u0130zmit\u2019in Hem\u015finli K\u00f6yleri<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n