![\"\"](\"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/Mardinin-Midyat-ilcesi-360x198.webp\")
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Mardin\u2019in Midyat il\u00e7esinde bulunan An\u0131tl\u0131 (Hah) k\u00f6y\u00fc, D\u00fcnya Turizm \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc\u2019n\u00fcn \u201c\u0130yile\u015ftirme Program\u0131\u201d kapsam\u0131na al\u0131nd\u0131. Bu tarihi S\u00fcryani k\u00f6y\u00fcnde Meryem Ana Kilisesi ve Mor Sobo Katedrali gibi \u00f6nemli yap\u0131lar bulunuyor.<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n N\u00fckhet Everi |\u00a0nukheteveri@yahoo.com-<\/a>\u00a0<\/strong>Birle\u015fmi\u015f Milletler\u00a0D\u00fcnya<\/a>Turizm \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc (UNWTO) her y\u0131l y\u0131l\u0131n en iyi turizm k\u00f6ylerini se\u00e7er ve her \u00fclke de bu yar\u0131\u015fa \u00fc\u00e7 k\u00f6yle kat\u0131labilir. 2022 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u0130zmir\u2019deki Birgi, Bursa\u2019daki Cumal\u0131k\u0131z\u0131k ve\u00a0Mardin<\/a>\u00a0Midyat\u2019a ba\u011fl\u0131 An\u0131tl\u0131 (Hah) k\u00f6yleriyle bu yar\u0131\u015fa kat\u0131lan T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin adaylar\u0131ndan Birgi, \u201c2022 En \u0130yi Turizm K\u00f6yleri\u201d aras\u0131nda yerini ald\u0131. Cumal\u0131k\u0131z\u0131k ve Hah k\u00f6yleri de yine ayn\u0131 \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fcn sadece 20 k\u00f6y\u00fcn yararlanabildi\u011fi \u201c\u0130yile\u015ftirme Program\u0131\u201dna al\u0131nd\u0131. UNWTO\u2019nun bu konudaki kriterleri ise \u015f\u00f6yle: K\u00fclt\u00fcrel ve do\u011fal kaynaklar\u0131n varl\u0131\u011f\u0131, k\u00fclt\u00fcrel de\u011ferlerin korunmas\u0131 ve tan\u0131t\u0131lmas\u0131, ekonomik s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilirlik, sosyal s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilirlik, turizmin geli\u015fimi ile de\u011fer zincirinin entegrasyonu, altyap\u0131 ve eri\u015filebilirlik, sa\u011fl\u0131k, emniyet ve g\u00fcvenlik.<\/p>\n \u201cKatedraller k\u00f6y\u00fc\u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n \u00c7ok eski bir\u00a0S\u00fcryani k\u00f6y\u00fc<\/a>\u00a0olan, bug\u00fcn n\u00fcfusu yaln\u0131zca S\u00fcryanilerden olu\u015fan, S\u00fcryanice konu\u015fulan, g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde 20 civar\u0131nda S\u00fcryani ailenin ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 Hah k\u00f6y\u00fc, hi\u00e7bir turizm yat\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 yap\u0131lmam\u0131\u015f da olsa turizm a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan en \u00f6nemli yerlerden biridir. Hah, Midyat\u2019\u0131n 21 km kuzeydo\u011fusunda, etraf\u0131 \u00e7ok verimli tarla ve ba\u011flarla \u00e7evrili, a\u011fa\u00e7l\u0131kl\u0131 al\u00e7ak bir tepenin \u00fczerine kurulmu\u015ftur. Ge\u00e7mi\u015fi \u00e7ok g\u00f6rkemlidir. Orta \u00c7a\u011f\u2019da \u00f6nemli bir merkez olan bu k\u00f6ye \u201ckatedraller k\u00f6y\u00fc\u201d demek yanl\u0131\u015f olmaz. O \u00e7a\u011flarda \u00e7ok b\u00fcy\u00fck ve sekiz kiliseli bir k\u00f6y olan Hah, ayr\u0131ca Turabdin B\u00f6lgesi\u2019nin (S\u00fcryanice \u201ckullar\u0131n da\u011f\u0131\u201d anlam\u0131na gelen Turabdin, Midyat ve \u00e7evresini i\u00e7ine al\u0131r.) ilk metropolitli\u011fidir ve 613 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar metropolitlik merkezi olmu\u015ftur. Turabdin\u2019in ilk metropoliti Hah\u2019a yerle\u015fmi\u015ftir. Metropolitin, ba\u015f\u0131nda bulundu\u011fu cemaat merkezinden bu kadar uzakta oturmas\u0131 asl\u0131nda baz\u0131 sorular\u0131 akla getirir. Hah eskiden bug\u00fcnk\u00fcnden \u00e7ok daha b\u00fcy\u00fckt\u00fc. Roma\u2019n\u0131n Dicle do\u011fusunda eyaletlerinin bulundu\u011fu d\u00f6nemde Hah, bu nehir \u00fczerinden y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen ticaretle geli\u015fmi\u015f olabilir mi? E\u011fer bu yakla\u015f\u0131m do\u011fru ise kentin d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015f\u00fc de Roma\u2019n\u0131n bu eyaletlerini kaybedip Nisibis\u2019i (Nusaybin) 363 y\u0131l\u0131nda Perslere terk etmesiyle ba\u015flam\u0131\u015f olabilir. 614-1088 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda Turabdin Metropoliti Mor Gabriel Manast\u0131r\u0131\u2019nda ikamet etmi\u015ftir. 8. y\u00fczy\u0131l ortalar\u0131nda ve 1088\/89\u2019dan sonra uzun bir s\u00fcre ayr\u0131 bir metropolitlik vakfedilmi\u015f ve ikamet yeri de Hah\u2019\u0131n i\u00e7i ya da \u00e7ok yak\u0131nlar\u0131nda bir yer olmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n Meryem Ana Kilisesi<\/strong><\/p>\n Bu k\u00f6yde en iyi korunmu\u015f olan bina, 15 Nisan 2021 tarihinde UNESCO D\u00fcnya Miras\u0131 Ge\u00e7ici Listesi\u2019ne al\u0131nm\u0131\u015f olan Meryem Ana Kilisesi\u2019dir. Turabdin\u2019de benzerine az rastlan\u0131r kare plan\u0131 ve merkezi kubbesiyle bu kilise ancak Deyrulzafaran Manast\u0131r\u0131\u2019n\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck kilisesi Mor Hananyo Kilisesi ile kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131labilir. Her iki kilise de b\u00fcy\u00fck olas\u0131l\u0131kla 6. y\u00fczy\u0131ldan kalmad\u0131r ve \u00f6zg\u00fcn mimarisini korumu\u015f ender kiliselerdendir. Kubbenin d\u0131\u015ftan \u00fcst yap\u0131s\u0131 ve \u00e7at\u0131s\u0131 20. y\u00fczy\u0131l eklemeleridir. Oturma yerleri bulunan bir apsisle, kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 okuyan iki koroyu bar\u0131nd\u0131racak geni\u015flikte ama cemaate kapal\u0131 bir nef, y\u00f6re kiliselerinde hi\u00e7 rastlanmayan bir di\u011fer \u00f6zelliktir. B\u00fcy\u00fck ihtimalle kilise bir zamanlar metropolitlik merkezli\u011fini \u00fcstlenen Hah\u2019ta, metropolitin manast\u0131r erk\u00e2n\u0131na ayr\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Sunak, istiridye bi\u00e7imli kemerli ni\u015fler ve Korint s\u00fctunlar\u0131yla \u00e7evrelenmi\u015ftir. \u0130ki merkezi tonozun bindi\u011fi k\u00f6\u015fe payesinin akantus ve girland bezemeli ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 vard\u0131r. Turabdin\u2019deki di\u011fer manast\u0131r kiliseleri gibi bu da \u00e7apraz \u201cnef\u201dlidir (ibadet alan\u0131ndaki b\u00f6l\u00fcmler). \u201cNaos\u201da (cemaate ait ibadet alan\u0131) h\u00e2kim d\u00f6rt s\u00fcsl\u00fc kemer, kubbenin \u00fczerinde y\u00fckseldi\u011fi sekizgen kasna\u011f\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131r. Bir kemer sola eklenmi\u015f \u201cnarteks\u201dten (kilisenin ana giri\u015fi) kiliseye a\u00e7\u0131lan giri\u015fi \u00e7evreler; kuzey ve g\u00fcneyde bulunan di\u011fer ikisi \u00e7ift rahip korosu i\u00e7in planlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r, d\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fcs\u00fc ise sunak alan\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7evirir. Sunak alan\u0131n\u0131n her iki taraf\u0131nda yan h\u00fccreler bulunur. Kemerlerin \u00fczerinde y\u00fckseldi\u011fi ba\u015fl\u0131klar, ola\u011fan bi\u00e7imde akantus yapraklar\u0131 ve girlandlarla bezelidir. Ba\u015fl\u0131klar\u0131 ve zarif s\u00fcslemeli silmeleriyle Turabdin mimarisinin \u00e7ok \u00f6zel bir yap\u0131s\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n Meryem Ana Kilisesi, Turabdin mimarisinin \u00e7ok \u00f6zel bir yap\u0131s\u0131d\u0131r.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n Kurulu\u015f s\u00f6ylencesi<\/strong><\/p>\n Hah Meryem Ana Kilisesi\u2019nin kurulu\u015f \u00f6yk\u00fcs\u00fc, \u0130sa Mesih\u2019in do\u011fumuna ba\u011flanan bir s\u00f6ylenceye dayan\u0131r. Yahudiye \u00fclkesinde, bir kral\u0131n do\u011fumunu mu\u015ftulad\u0131\u011f\u0131na inand\u0131klar\u0131 parlak y\u0131ld\u0131z\u0131n izini s\u00fcren 12 kral, do\u011fudan yola \u00e7\u0131karlar. Hah Kral\u0131 Hanna\u2019ya vard\u0131klar\u0131nda, i\u00e7lerinden \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn\u00fc Kud\u00fcs\u2019e yollarlar. \u00dc\u00e7 kral yeni do\u011fan \u00e7ocu\u011fu bulup ona sunular sunar. Kendilerine an\u0131 olarak verilen \u00e7ocu\u011fun bezini Hah\u2019a getirdiklerinde i\u00e7leri onu par\u00e7alamaya el vermez. Yak\u0131p k\u00fcl\u00fcn\u00fc aralar\u0131nda payla\u015ft\u0131rmak istediklerinde, aleve at\u0131lan bez, 12\u00a0alt\u0131n<\/a>\u00a0madalyona d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr. Bu mucizeye tan\u0131k olduklar\u0131nda Meryem Ana ad\u0131na sonsuza kadar ayakta kalacak bir an\u0131t kurmaya karar verirler. S\u00f6ylenceye g\u00f6re bug\u00fcn kilisenin g\u00fcney duvar\u0131ndaki ilk 12 s\u0131ra ta\u015f\u0131 dizerler. Bu mucizenin ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti\u011fi, Hah g\u00f6letinin yan\u0131nda uzanan tarla, bug\u00fcn bile Parpuso (parampar\u00e7a) olarak an\u0131l\u0131r. K\u0131sa s\u00fcre \u00f6ncesine kadar manast\u0131r g\u00f6revi yapan kilise ziyarete a\u00e7\u0131k, k\u00f6y\u00fcn ayin ve dualar\u0131 burada yap\u0131l\u0131yor. K\u00f6y\u00fcn papaz\u0131 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in biraz ileride yer alan Bak\u0131syan\/Alag\u00f6z k\u00f6y\u00fcnden gelen papaz duruma g\u00f6re ayin ve dualar\u0131 y\u00f6netiyor. Her y\u0131l Meryem Ana\u2019n\u0131n g\u00f6\u011fe \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f tarihi olan 15 A\u011fustos\u2019ta ayin ve t\u00f6ren yap\u0131l\u0131yor. D\u00fcnyan\u0131n pek \u00e7ok yerinden gelenler burada ayine kat\u0131l\u0131yor. Bu kilise Mardin turlar\u0131nda mutlaka ziyaret edilen bir kilisedir.<\/p>\n Mor Sobo Katedrali<\/strong><\/p>\n Meryem Ana Kilisesi\u2019ne 300 metre uzakl\u0131kta, k\u00f6y\u00fcn ortas\u0131nda yer alan, yine 15 Nisan 2021\u2019de UNESCO D\u00fcnya Miras\u0131 Ge\u00e7ici Listesi\u2019ne al\u0131nm\u0131\u015f olan Mor Sobo Katedrali, Mor (Aziz) Sobo\u2019ya adanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. 6. y\u00fczy\u0131la tarihlenen Hah Katedrali\u2019nin g\u00f6rkemli kal\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131 ta\u015f ve tu\u011flan\u0131n birlikte kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131 nedeniyle Theodora\u2019n\u0131n Mor Gabriel Manast\u0131r\u0131\u2019ndaki kubbeli yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r. Hah Katedrali Mor Sobo\u2019nun apsisinin g\u00fcneyinde t\u00fcm\u00fcyle ayakta duran Beth Slutho (yazl\u0131k kilise), k\u00f6y\u00fcn Orta \u00c7a\u011f tarihine \u0131\u015f\u0131k tutan S\u00fcryanice yaz\u0131l\u0131 mezar ta\u015flar\u0131yla kapl\u0131d\u0131r. Mor Sobo harap durumda olmakla birlikte temel mimari \u00f6zelliklerini ve plan\u0131n ana hatlar\u0131n\u0131 koruyor. Ayakta duran duvarlar\u0131, ya d\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015f ya da alt seviyede bulunan dekoratif \u00f6geler yap\u0131n\u0131n an\u0131tsall\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6steriyor. Mor Sobo, Turabdin\u2019in g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze ula\u015fabilmi\u015f en etkileyici an\u0131tsal mimari \u00f6rneklerinden biri. K\u00f6y\u00fcn merkezinde, Mor Sobo Katedrali\u2019nin yak\u0131n\u0131nda yer alan Mor \u015emuel Kilisesi\u2019nin ise ne zaman yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 bilinmiyor. Mihrap y\u00f6n\u00fcnden zengin s\u00fcslemeli, bir k\u0131sm\u0131 k\u00f6y\u00fcn kotundan daha a\u015fa\u011f\u0131da yani yer alt\u0131nda kalan bu kilisenin d\u0131\u015f k\u0131sm\u0131 sa\u011flam olarak ayakta duruyor. A\u00e7\u0131k olan kilise belirli g\u00fcnlerde kullan\u0131l\u0131yor. Hah\u2019\u0131n bat\u0131s\u0131nda \u00e7ok d\u00fczg\u00fcn kesme ta\u015flar\u0131yla iyi korunmu\u015f bir kal\u0131nt\u0131 vard\u0131r. Bir taraf\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131k, \u00fczeri ah\u015fap \u00e7at\u0131yla \u00f6rt\u00fcl\u00fc bu yap\u0131 kamuya a\u00e7\u0131k bir toplant\u0131 yeri olarak kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olabilir. Hah\u2019\u0131n do\u011fusunda Azize Mecdelli Meryem ve Mor Yuhanon kiliselerinin de kal\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131 bulunuyor. D\u00fcnya Turizm \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc\u2019n\u00fcn \u0130yile\u015ftirme Program\u0131 kapsam\u0131nda turizm i\u00e7in \u00e7ok b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6nemi olan bu k\u00f6y\u00fcn, tespit edilen eksiklerinin kapat\u0131laca\u011f\u0131, yap\u0131lacak desteklerle s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilir korunmas\u0131n\u0131n sa\u011flanarak ya\u015fat\u0131laca\u011f\u0131 ve gerekli tan\u0131t\u0131m\u0131n yap\u0131laca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 umuyoruz.<\/p>\n![\"Tarihi](\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/i2.milimaj.com\/i\/milliyet\/75\/770x0\/63cdcb4586b24718c8edb285.jpg?ssl=1\")
<\/figure>\n![\"Tarihi](\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/i2.milimaj.com\/i\/milliyet\/75\/770x0\/63cdcafa86b24718c8edb282.jpg?ssl=1\")
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