{"id":71136,"date":"2022-11-15T02:10:39","date_gmt":"2022-11-15T07:10:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=71136"},"modified":"2022-11-15T02:10:39","modified_gmt":"2022-11-15T07:10:39","slug":"topragindan-tarih-fiskiran-il-nigde-kalintilar-binlerce-yil-oncesine-isaret-ediyor","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=71136","title":{"rendered":"Topra\u011f\u0131ndan tarih f\u0131\u015fk\u0131ran il: Ni\u011fde! Kal\u0131nt\u0131lar binlerce y\u0131l \u00f6ncesine i\u015faret ediyor"},"content":{"rendered":"

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G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze kadar bir\u00e7ok uygarl\u0131\u011fa ev sahipli\u011fi yapan Ni\u011fde, arkeolojik buluntularla tarihinin ne kadar eskiye dayand\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kan\u0131tl\u0131yor. Yap\u0131lan kaz\u0131larda M.\u00d6 8 binli y\u0131llara ait kal\u0131nt\u0131lar, \u015fehrin ne denli k\u00f6kl\u00fc tarihe sahip oldu\u011funu g\u00f6zler \u00f6n\u00fcne seriyor.<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

\n

M.\u00d6. 30 \u2013 M.S. 395 y\u0131llar\u0131n\u0131 kapsayan\u00a0Roma<\/a>\u00a0devrinde\u00a0Ni\u011fde<\/a>\u00a0b\u00f6lgesi tarihinin en \u00f6nemli konumlar\u0131ndan birini ya\u015fam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu d\u00f6nemde Tyana (Kemerhisar<\/a>\u00a0Kasabas\u0131) \u00e7evresinde yo\u011fun bir yap\u0131la\u015fma g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr. Saraylar, mabetler,\u00a0su<\/a>\u00a0kemerleri ve yerle\u015fim birimleriyle olduk\u00e7a b\u00fcy\u00fck bir kent konumuna getirilmi\u015ftir. M.S. 395 y\u0131l\u0131nda ise Anadolu Bizans h\u00fck\u00fcmdarl\u0131\u011f\u0131 alt\u0131na girmi\u015ftir. \u00d6zellikle\u00a0Kapadokya<\/a>\u00a0ve Ihlara B\u00f6lgesi bu d\u00f6nemi yans\u0131t\u0131r. Ni\u011fde b\u00f6lgesi Bizans h\u00fck\u00fcmdarl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda iken Sasani, Pers ve Araplar\u0131n istilalar\u0131na u\u011fram\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Tyana kenti 931 y\u0131l\u0131ndaki Arap \u0130stilas\u0131 sonucu b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde y\u0131k\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u0130\u015fte Anadolu\u00a0Sel\u00e7uklu<\/a>\u00a0ve Osmanl\u0131 \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu’ndan da bir\u00e7ok eserin bulundu\u011fu Ni\u011fde’nin en de\u011ferli tarihi hazineleri ve tarih\u00e7eleri;<\/p>\n

TYANA KAZISI<\/h3>\n

Bu alanlardan Roma Hamam\u0131, Aquad\u00fckt ve Rezevuar, kaz\u0131da al\u0131nan sonu\u00e7lara g\u00f6re olduk\u00e7a eskiye dayand\u0131klar\u0131, Caracalla ve Julia Domna?n\u0131n “Tyana?da M. S. 1. yy.da do\u011fmu\u015f olan Apollonius’a ve onun hayat\u0131na verdikleri \u00f6nem nedeniyle \u015fehrin onurlu ve geli\u015fmi\u015f bir yerle\u015fme olmas\u0131 i\u00e7in harcad\u0131klar\u0131 \u00e7abalar dahilinde yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olduklar\u0131 anla\u015f\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Kaz\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131, G\u00fcneydeki hamam kompleksi,Su toplama rezervuar\u0131 (kuzey do\u011fu y\u00f6nde ve yakla\u015f\u0131k 5 Km uzakl\u0131kta) Su kemeri (Aquad\u00fckt) s\u00fctunlar, Kaz\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131n di\u011fer bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc aquad\u00fckte su sa\u011flayan rezervuarda da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m kanallar\u0131na ait iki ta\u015f aras\u0131ndaki yar\u0131klarda ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilmi\u015f ve bu alanda \u00e7ok say\u0131da metal para (bunlardan bir\u00e7o\u011funun toprak alt\u0131ndaki g\u00f6zle g\u00f6r\u00fcnmeyen son uzant\u0131s\u0131na kadarki alan. H\u00f6y\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn kuzeyindeki kemerlerin son buldu\u011fu yama\u00e7ta s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

ROMA HAVUZU<\/h3>\n

Ni\u011fde \u0130li,\u00a0Bor<\/a>\u00a0\u0130l\u00e7esi, Bah\u00e7eli Kasabas\u0131 kuzeyinde kasaba merkezine yakla\u015f\u0131k 3 kilometre mesafede yer almaktad\u0131r. Roma D\u00f6nemi’nde Trojan ve\u00a0Hadrian<\/a>\u00a0D\u00f6nemi’nde M.S. 2’nci y\u00fczy\u0131lda in\u015fa edilmi\u015ftir. Havuz d\u00fczg\u00fcn kesme ta\u015f bloklarla in\u015fa edilmi\u015f, dikd\u00f6rtgen planl\u0131 olup, 65×22,5 metre \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclerindedir. Havuzun alt\u0131ndan kaynayan su, olu\u015fturulan kemerler vas\u0131tas\u0131yla Antik Tyana (Kemerhisar) Kenti’ne ula\u015ft\u0131r\u0131l\u0131yordu. D\u00f6nem d\u00f6nem onar\u0131mlara gidilmi\u015ftir. Orijinal \u00f6zelli\u011fini b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde korumaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

TYANA \u00d6REN YER\u0130 VE SU KEMERLER\u0130<\/h3>\n

Tyana \u00d6ren Yeri ve Su Kemerleri Antik Tyana \u00f6renleri, Bor il\u00e7esi, Kemerhisar Kasabas\u0131’ndad\u0131r. \u00d6ren yeri kasaban\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck birb\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn alt\u0131nda kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Kasaban\u0131n muhtelif yerlerinde \u00e7e\u015fitli durumlarda bulunan \u00f6nemli heykelt\u0131ra\u015fl\u0131k eserler ve \u00f6ren yerinde yap\u0131lan bilimsel kaz\u0131lar neticesinde \u00e7\u0131kan eserler ve mimari par\u00e7alar Ni\u011fde M\u00fczesi’nde sergilenmektedir. Bah\u00e7eli Kasabas\u0131’nda bulunan ve Roma havuzu ad\u0131yla adland\u0131r\u0131lan antik havuza hayat veren kaynak suyunun Roma Devri’nde yap\u0131lan kemerlerle ta\u015f\u0131nmas\u0131na y\u00f6nelik olu\u015fturulan kemerlerden dolay\u0131 kasaba Kemerhisar ad\u0131n\u0131 alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

KONSTANT\u0130N VE HELENA (ESK\u0130 ANDAVAL) K\u0130L\u0130SES\u0130<\/h3>\n

Konstantin ve Helena kilisesi, Ni\u011fde’yi\u00a0Kayseri<\/a>‘ye ba\u011flayan kara ve demir yolunun kenar\u0131nda, \u015fehir merkezinin 8 km. kuzeydo\u011fusunda, Akta\u015f’a ba\u011fl\u0131\u00a0Yenik\u00f6y<\/a>‘de yer almaktad\u0131r.Kilisenin kuzeyinde \u00fc\u00e7 derslikli bir ilkokul binas\u0131 bulunmaktad\u0131r. G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde b\u00fcy\u00fck oranda y\u0131k\u0131k olan kilisenin kitabesi yoktur. D\u00f6nem kaynaklar\u0131nda da yap\u0131 hakk\u0131nda bir bilgi bulunmamaktad\u0131r. Bu nedenle yap\u0131n\u0131n in\u015fa tarihi, banisi ve kime ithaf edildi\u011fi bilinmemektedir. Stzygowski y\u00f6redeki Rumlar’\u0131n, kiliseyi imparator Konstantin?in annesi Helena’n\u0131n\u00a0Kud\u00fcs<\/a>\u00a0yolculu\u011fu s\u0131ras\u0131nda in\u015fa ettirdi\u011fine inand\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 belirtmektedir.<\/p>\n

G\u00dcM\u00dc\u015eLER MANASTIRI<\/h3>\n

Kilisenin duvar resimlerinde en az \u00fc\u00e7 farkl\u0131 ustan\u0131n \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclmektedir. Ana apsisteki \u00fc\u00e7 \u015ferit halindeki resimlerin en \u00fcst\u00fcndeki Tahtta \u0130sa, sa\u011f\u0131nda iki melek,\u00a0\u0130ncil<\/a>\u00a0yazarlar\u0131n\u0131n sembolleri ile Desis sahnesinde yer alan Meryem ve havariler, en alttaki \u015feritte ise Kayserili B\u00fcy\u00fck Basileios, Nysa’l\u0131 Gregorios, Nazians’l\u0131 Gregorios gibi kilise babalar\u0131n\u0131n resimleri yer almaktad\u0131r. Manast\u0131r\u0131n yer ald\u0131\u011f\u0131\u00a0G\u00fcm\u00fc\u015fler<\/a>\u00a0Kasabas\u0131’n\u0131n Orta \u00c7a\u011f’daki ad\u0131 ve tarihi hakk\u0131nda d\u00f6nem kayna\u011f\u0131 bulunmamaktad\u0131r. B\u00fcy\u00fck bir kaya kilisenin i\u00e7ine oyulan manast\u0131r Kapadokya b\u00f6lgesindeki g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze iyi korunarak gelmi\u015f ve en b\u00fcy\u00fck manast\u0131rlardan birisidir. Kilisenin duvar resimlerinde en az \u00fc\u00e7 farkl\u0131 ustan\u0131n \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclmektedir. Ana apsisteki \u00fc\u00e7 \u015ferit halindeki resimlerin en \u00fcst\u00fcndeki Tahtta \u0130sa, sa\u011f\u0131nda iki melek, \u0130ncil yazarlar\u0131n\u0131n sembolleri ile Desis sahnesinde yer alan Meryem ve havariler, en alttaki \u015feritte ise Kayserili B\u00fcy\u00fck Basileios, Nysa’l\u0131 Gregorios, Nazians’l\u0131 Gregorios gibi kilise babalar\u0131n\u0131n resimleri yer almaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

AL\u00c2EDD\u0130N CAM\u0130\u0130<\/h3>\n

Ni\u011fde sancak beyi Ziynettin Be\u015fare taraf\u0131ndan 1223 y\u0131l\u0131nda yapt\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Kitabesine g\u00f6re yap\u0131n\u0131n mimarlar\u0131, \u00fcstad S\u0131dd\u0131k ve karde\u015fi Gazi’dir. Ayr\u0131ca in\u015fa kitabesinde, M\u00fcstenireddin ad\u0131 ge\u00e7mektedir, bu \u015fahs\u0131n caminin in\u015faat\u0131ndan sorumlu yap\u0131m y\u00f6neticisi oldu\u011fu anla\u015f\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Baz\u0131 onar\u0131mlarla g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze gelen camii, orijinal \u00f6zelli\u011fini b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde korumakta ve i\u015flevini devam ettirmektedir.<\/p>\n

Camii iki kap\u0131l\u0131d\u0131r. Do\u011fuya bakan kap\u0131 \u00fczerinde yaz aylar\u0131nda 09.30 \u2013 11.00 saatleri aras\u0131nda g\u00fcne\u015f \u0131\u015f\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n b\u0131rakt\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6lge, kap\u0131n\u0131n ta\u015f maharetli elleriyle i\u015fleyen ustan\u0131n “Ta\u00e7l\u0131 Kad\u0131n Ba\u015f\u0131” n\u0131 ortaya \u00e7\u0131kartmaktad\u0131r. Efsaneye g\u00f6re usta, \u00e2\u015f\u0131k oldu\u011fu ve hi\u00e7 evlenemeyece\u011fini bildi\u011fi Ni\u011fde Sancak beyinin k\u0131z\u0131na duydu\u011fu a\u015fk\u0131 sonsuza dek ya\u015fatmak i\u00e7in konuyu kap\u0131 s\u00fcslemesindeki ta\u015fa resmetmi\u015ftir. Yap\u0131, harim ile kuzeydo\u011fu k\u00f6\u015fesine yerle\u015ftirilen tek \u015ferefeli minareden olu\u015fmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

SUNGURBEY CAM\u0130\u0130<\/h3>\n

Camiinin in\u015fa kitabesi yoktur. Ancak 1335 y\u0131l\u0131 civar\u0131nda yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclmektedir. \u0130lhanl\u0131 d\u00f6neminde Ni\u011fde Valisi olan Sungur Bey taraf\u0131ndan yapt\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Camiinin mimar\u0131 bilinmemektedir. Fakat mimber ile muhtemelen kuzey ta\u00e7 kap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n ah\u015fap kap\u0131 kanatlar\u0131n\u0131 Hoca Ebubekir, daha sonraki d\u00f6neme ait do\u011fu ta\u00e7 kap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n ah\u015fap kap\u0131 kanatlar\u0131n\u0131 ise Hac\u0131 Muhammed isimli ustalar yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ni\u011fde kalesinin g\u00fcneybat\u0131 y\u00f6n\u00fcndedir.<\/p>\n

N\u0130\u011eDE KALES\u0130<\/h3>\n

Ni\u011fde Kalesi, Eski Ni\u011fde \u015fehrinin bulundu\u011fu tepeyi \u00e7evreleyen kale \u00fc\u00e7 surla \u00e7evrilmi\u015ftir. Fakat bir\u00e7ok yeri y\u0131k\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olan kalenin bedenlerinin bir k\u0131sm\u0131 evlerin duvar\u0131 olmu\u015ftur. Bug\u00fcn tepenin kuzeydo\u011fusunda bir hisar\u0131 i\u00e7ine alan k\u0131s\u0131m ayakta kalabilmi\u015ftir. Yak\u0131n zamana ait y\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131 aras\u0131nda meskene \u00e7evrilen iki burcun kal\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fclebilmi\u015ftir. Bu sur muhtemelen Sungurbey Cami’nin yan\u0131na kadar uzan\u0131yordu. Sungurbey Camisi’nin kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131ndaki surlardan ayakta kalan az bir k\u0131s\u0131m restore edilmi\u015ftir. Bat\u0131 taraftaki sur ve bur\u00e7lar tamamen kaybolmu\u015ftur. Kalenin ayakta kalan tek bur\u00e7tan ibaret ana kulesi tepenin en y\u00fcksek noktas\u0131na yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Nispeten daha iyi korunmu\u015f olan bu ana kule, dikd\u00f6rtgen bur\u00e7lara yaslanan surlardan \u00e7ok daha y\u00fcksektir. Ana kulenin duvarlar\u0131 y\u0131k\u0131lmam\u0131\u015f ise de i\u00e7 k\u0131sm\u0131nda bulunan bir\u00e7ok oda ve h\u00fccre tamamen harap olmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n

N\u0130\u011eDE SAAT KULES\u0130<\/h3>\n

Ni\u011fde\u00a0Saat<\/a>\u00a0Kulesi, Ni\u011fde ilinin Ni\u011fde il\u00e7esinde bulunan saat kulesi.\u00a0Ziya Pa\u015fa<\/a>\u00a0taraf\u0131ndan 1866 y\u0131l\u0131nda yapt\u0131r\u0131lan 41 metre y\u00fcksekli\u011findeki kule Ni\u011fde Kalesi \u00fczerinde y\u00fckselmektedir.<\/p>\n

H\u00dcDAVENT HATUN T\u00dcRBES\u0130<\/h3>\n

H\u00fcdavent Hatun T\u00fcrbesi; ta\u00e7 kap\u0131s\u0131 \u00fczerindeki in\u015fa kitabesine g\u00f6re, 712H.\/ 1312\u201313 M. y\u0131l\u0131nda yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Anadolu Sel\u00e7uklu H\u00fck\u00fcmdar\u0131 IV. Rukneddin\u00a0K\u0131l\u0131\u00e7 Aslan<\/a>‘\u0131n k\u0131z\u0131 H\u00fcdavend Hatun yapt\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze baz\u0131 onar\u0131mlar g\u00f6rerek gelen t\u00fcrbe, orijinal \u00f6zelli\u011fini korumaktad\u0131r. Yap\u0131, tek katl\u0131 ve sekizgen planl\u0131 t\u00fcrbeler grubuna girer. Yap\u0131 in\u015fas\u0131nda sar\u0131mt\u0131rak renkte ince y\u00f6n\u00fc trakit ta\u015f\u0131; kap\u0131 ve pencerelerin s\u00f6ve, kemer ve lentolar ile kasnaktaki ku\u015fak ve kitabelerde beyaz mermer kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Kasnaktaki sivri kemerli al\u0131nl\u0131klardaki bezemelerle, pencerelerdeki fig\u00fcrl\u00fc s\u00fcslemelerde ve pencere \u015febekelerinde daha ince dokulu ve sert olan k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131mt\u0131rak renkte ta\u015f; i\u00e7 mek\u00e2n\u0131n kubbe kasna\u011f\u0131nda sa\u011f\u0131r sivri kemerlerde siyah kesme ta\u015f kullan\u0131larak olduk\u00e7a zengin malzemeye yer verilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

https:\/\/www.sondakika.com\/kultur-sanat\/haber-gunumuze-kadar-bircok-uygarliga-ev-sahipligi-15428418\/\u00a0<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze kadar bir\u00e7ok uygarl\u0131\u011fa ev sahipli\u011fi yapan Ni\u011fde, arkeolojik buluntularla tarihinin ne kadar eskiye dayand\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kan\u0131tl\u0131yor. Yap\u0131lan kaz\u0131larda M.\u00d6 8 binli y\u0131llara ait kal\u0131nt\u0131lar, \u015fehrin ne denli k\u00f6kl\u00fc tarihe sahip oldu\u011funu g\u00f6zler \u00f6n\u00fcne seriyor. M.\u00d6. 30 \u2013 M.S. 395 y\u0131llar\u0131n\u0131 kapsayan\u00a0Roma\u00a0devrinde\u00a0Ni\u011fde\u00a0b\u00f6lgesi tarihinin en \u00f6nemli konumlar\u0131ndan birini ya\u015fam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu d\u00f6nemde Tyana (Kemerhisar\u00a0Kasabas\u0131) \u00e7evresinde yo\u011fun bir yap\u0131la\u015fma […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":71138,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-71136","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-haberler"],"yoast_head":"\nTopra\u011f\u0131ndan tarih f\u0131\u015fk\u0131ran il: Ni\u011fde! Kal\u0131nt\u0131lar binlerce y\u0131l \u00f6ncesine i\u015faret ediyor - Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=71136\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Topra\u011f\u0131ndan tarih f\u0131\u015fk\u0131ran il: Ni\u011fde! Kal\u0131nt\u0131lar binlerce y\u0131l \u00f6ncesine i\u015faret ediyor - Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze kadar bir\u00e7ok uygarl\u0131\u011fa ev sahipli\u011fi yapan Ni\u011fde, arkeolojik buluntularla tarihinin ne kadar eskiye dayand\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kan\u0131tl\u0131yor. Yap\u0131lan kaz\u0131larda M.\u00d6 8 binli y\u0131llara ait kal\u0131nt\u0131lar, \u015fehrin ne denli k\u00f6kl\u00fc tarihe sahip oldu\u011funu g\u00f6zler \u00f6n\u00fcne seriyor. M.\u00d6. 30 \u2013 M.S. 395 y\u0131llar\u0131n\u0131 kapsayan\u00a0Roma\u00a0devrinde\u00a0Ni\u011fde\u00a0b\u00f6lgesi tarihinin en \u00f6nemli konumlar\u0131ndan birini ya\u015fam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. 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