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G\u00fcven Bayar<\/strong><\/p>\n Hacze gelmi\u015fler eve. Bakm\u0131\u015flar ki yatakta bir \u00e7ocuk yat\u0131yor, 2 g\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm var, birka\u00e7 tabak\u2026 Adam demi\u015f ki: \u201cM\u00fcd\u00fcr Bey biz bunun neyini haczedece\u011fiz?\u201d M\u00fcd\u00fcr Bey de demi\u015f ki: \u201cNe yapay\u0131m o\u011flum, kanun b\u00f6yle.\u201d<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n Ordu\u2019ya 1915 sonras\u0131 geri d\u00f6nebilenler ya\u015fad\u0131klar\u0131 kay\u0131plar\u0131n yas\u0131n\u0131 tutacak durumda de\u011fillerdi. Bu \u00f6yle bir s\u00fcre\u00e7 ki Ordu\u2019dan hatta T\u00fcrkiye\u2019den gitmelerine sebep olacak k\u0131r\u0131lmalar daha ya\u015fanmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. \u0130lk olarak 1937\u2019de y\u0131k\u0131lan Surp Asdvadzadzin Ermeni Kilisesi ve ard\u0131ndan 1942 Varl\u0131k Vergisi\u2026 Ordu\u2019da Varl\u0131k Vergisi s\u00fcrecinin yaz\u0131l\u0131 tarihini bir kenara b\u0131rakal\u0131m, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc yok, s\u00f6zl\u00fc tarih olarak dahi anlat\u0131l\u0131p aktar\u0131lamad\u0131. Buna sebep olan, kom\u015fusunun evini, d\u00fckkan\u0131n\u0131 b\u00fcrokrasi eliyle al\u0131p d\u00fczenlerini devam ettiren Ordu\u2019nun h\u00e2li vakti yerinde aileleri ve korkup susmay\u0131 tercih eden, bana dokunmayan bin ya\u015fas\u0131n zihniyetindeki insanlard\u0131r.<\/p>\n Varl\u0131k Vergisi kanununun resmi gerek\u00e7esi, h\u00fck\u00fcmet taraf\u0131ndan \u201cola\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc sava\u015f ko\u015fullar\u0131n\u0131n yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131 y\u00fcksek k\u00e2rl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 vergilemek\u201d herhangi bir dini veya etnik grubu hedef almamak olarak dile getirilse de bas\u0131na kapal\u0131 olarak yap\u0131lan CHP grup toplant\u0131s\u0131nda ba\u015fbakan \u015e\u00fckr\u00fc Sara\u00e7o\u011flu\u2019nun vurgulad\u0131\u011f\u0131 gerek\u00e7eler farkl\u0131d\u0131r:<\/p>\n \u201cBu kanun ayn\u0131 zamanda bir devrim kanunudur. Bize ekonomik ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 kazand\u0131racak bir f\u0131rsat kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nday\u0131z. Piyasam\u0131za egemen olan yabanc\u0131lar\u0131 b\u00f6ylece ortadan kald\u0131rarak, T\u00fcrk piyasas\u0131n\u0131 T\u00fcrklerin eline verece\u011fiz.\u201d<\/p>\n Tek Parti d\u00f6neminin Kemalist milliyet\u00e7i anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131 bug\u00fcn boyut de\u011fi\u015ftirmi\u015f olsa da milli konularda kendini g\u00f6sterir, pozisyonunu korur. Bug\u00fcne kadar konu\u015ftu\u011fum Ordulu Ermeniler \u0130smet Pa\u015fa\u2019dan pek ho\u015flanmazlar. Ordu\u2019da ya\u015fayan Ermenilerin 1950 se\u00e7imlerindeki Menderes\u00e7i duru\u015funu iyi analiz etmek gerekiyor. Madem tarihe not d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcyoruz, y\u0131k\u0131lan Ermeni Kilisesi kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda bulunan Ermeni Okulu\u2019nun isminin \u0130smet Pa\u015fa oldu\u011funu, mahallenin de okula uygun bir isimle ta\u00e7land\u0131r\u0131l\u0131p Zaferi Milli Mahallesi\u2019ne d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc belirtelim.<\/p>\n \u201cO laf\u0131 babam \u00f6lene kadar unutmad\u0131\u201d<\/p>\n Ordu\u2019da varl\u0131k vergisi d\u00f6nemini ya\u015fayanlardan Doktor Dikran Toraman ile ba\u015flayal\u0131m:<\/p>\n \u201cVarl\u0131k Vergisi d\u00f6neminde Doktor Sefer Altan\u2019\u0131n abisi \u0130smail Altan tahsilat sorumlusuydu. Ayn\u0131 zamanda Ordu Belediyesi\u2019nde vezne m\u00fcd\u00fcr\u00fcyd\u00fc. \u0130smail Altan babam\u0131n samimi dostu idi, her \u00f6\u011flen yeme\u011finden sonra d\u00fckkana gelir kahvesini bizde i\u00e7erdi. 1942\u2019de Varl\u0131k vergisi \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131nda sava\u015f zaman\u0131 d\u00fckkanda mal yok, m\u00fclk yok, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan yok bir g\u00fcn geldi kahvesini i\u00e7erken tezgah\u0131n arkalar\u0131na bakmaya ba\u015flad\u0131 babam dedi ki \u2018Bey ne ar\u0131yorsun?\u2019, \u2018Hamam tas\u0131 ar\u0131yorum\u2019 dedi, kalkt\u0131 gitti. 15 g\u00fcn sonra babama 15 bin lira varl\u0131k vergisi vurdular. O s\u0131rada d\u00fckkanda olan manifaturac\u0131 Hac\u0131 Karekin Efendi\u2019ye de haber geldi, ona 50 bin lira varl\u0131k vergisi vurmu\u015flar. Babam 15 g\u00fcn i\u00e7inde \u00f6deyemedi\u011fi i\u00e7in babama 500 lira, Karekin Efendi\u2019ye ise 5 bin lira ceza geldi. Ordu\u2019da Tah\u0131l Pazar\u0131\u2019nda Nezirlerin kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda 3 tane d\u00fckkan var k\u00f6\u015feye kadar, o d\u00fckkanlar\u0131 babam yok paras\u0131na Sar\u0131 Haf\u0131z diye birisine satt\u0131. Ordu Belediye Reisi \u0130brahim T\u00fcrkmen vard\u0131, Kaz\u0131m T\u00fcrkmen\u2019in amcas\u0131, o yard\u0131m etti, Osman A\u011fa yard\u0131m etti, A\u015fkale\u2019ye gitmekten kurtuldu babam. \u0130smail Altan biz paray\u0131 \u00f6dedikten sonra gelip kahvesini i\u00e7erken babama bug\u00fcn gibi akl\u0131mda aynen \u015f\u00f6yle dedi: \u2018Ulan gavur, bizi atlatt\u0131n, seni biz A\u015fkale\u2019ye s\u00fcremedik.\u2019 Y\u00fcz\u00fcne kar\u015f\u0131\u2026 O laf\u0131 babam \u00f6lene kadar unutmad\u0131.\u201d<\/p>\n Hac\u0131 Karekin Bey\u2019in Manifaturac\u0131 d\u00fckkan\u0131, i\u00e7indeki mallar\u0131 ve evi sat\u0131ld\u0131. A\u015fkale\u2019ye gitmekten kurtuldu. Evi halen ayakta. O ev i\u00e7in \u00f6zel, \u0130stanbul\u2019dan, mimar getirtip yapt\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131, \u00e7ok zengindi. Bedros isimli bir o\u011flu vard\u0131, Ordu\u2019daki ilk \u00e7ocuk bisikleti ondayd\u0131. Evin i\u00e7inde hamam, ayn\u0131 okullardaki gibi ders odas\u0131 vard\u0131. Varl\u0131k Vergisi sonras\u0131 evin i\u00e7ini yeni sahibi Mustafa Furtun bozdu. Kalorifer yapt\u0131 tutturamad\u0131, pencereleri kapatt\u0131, balkonu kapatt\u0131, berbat etti evi. Karekin Bey kirac\u0131 olmu\u015ftu ayn\u0131 mahallede, Boztepe\u2019den S\u00fcleyman\u2019\u0131n evinde; k\u0131z\u0131n\u0131n d\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn\u00fc de orada yapt\u0131. D\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn zaman\u0131 bizim d\u00fckkana gelirdi, d\u00fckkan\u0131n arkas\u0131nda eskilerin deyimiyle Tepeyi Bala bugu\u0308n Yukar\u0131 Tepe Ko\u0308yu\u0308 olarak gec\u0327en yerdeki 300 d\u00f6n\u00fcm yerini yok paras\u0131na par\u00e7a par\u00e7a sat\u0131p biraz daha ya\u015fad\u0131lar. Oradaki k\u00f6y evleri duruyor, Ali Apayd\u0131n isimli bir bek\u00e7ileri vard\u0131. 1940\u2019lar\u0131n sonunda \u0130stanbul\u2019a gittiler. \u00c7ocuklar\u0131 da d\u00fcnyan\u0131n d\u00f6rt bir taraf\u0131na da\u011f\u0131ld\u0131. Vefat etti hepsi. Karekin Bey\u2019in mezar\u0131 \u0130stanbul Ferik\u00f6y Protestan Mezarl\u0131\u011f\u0131\u2019nda.<\/p>\n \u201cYataktan \u00e7ocu\u011fu a\u015fa\u011f\u0131ya, tahtan\u0131n \u00fcst\u00fcne indirip ne varsa al\u0131p g\u00f6t\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015fler\u201d<\/p>\n Ordu\u2019da Emlak Kredi Bankas\u0131\u2019n\u0131n yerinde fabrika vard\u0131, yand\u0131. Onun alt\u0131nda ayakkab\u0131 tamircisi Ha\u00e7ik vard\u0131, e\u015fi Maryam, 4 \u00e7ocu\u011fu\u2026 Bir aya\u011f\u0131 sakat, ona da bin lira varl\u0131k vergisi vurdular. O da A\u015fkale\u2019ye gitmekten kurtuldu ama Ordu\u2019da kalamad\u0131, daha sonra \u0130stanbul\u2019a g\u00f6\u00e7t\u00fc.<\/p>\n Mahallede Ta\u015f ustas\u0131 M\u0131g\u0131r vard\u0131. Annesi, kar\u0131s\u0131, o\u011flu ya\u015f\u0131yordu. Bizim evin yolunda bir dere vard\u0131, bir de ta\u015f k\u00f6pr\u00fc, 50 metre, \u00e7ar\u015f\u0131 taraf\u0131nda, orada bo\u015f bir yere kaz\u0131klar \u00e7akm\u0131\u015f kaz\u0131klar\u0131n \u00fczerine ev yapm\u0131\u015f, bir taraftan baksan tahtadan \u00f6b\u00fcr taraf\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcyor. Varl\u0131k Vergisi\u2019nde ona da 500 lira vurdu, verememi\u015f, hacze gelmi\u015fler eve. Bakm\u0131\u015flar ki yatakta bir \u00e7ocuk yat\u0131yor, 2 g\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm var, birka\u00e7 tabak\u2026 Adam demi\u015f ki: \u2018M\u00fcd\u00fcr Bey biz bunun neyini haczedece\u011fiz?\u2019 M\u00fcd\u00fcr Bey de demi\u015f ki: \u2018Ne yapay\u0131m o\u011flum, kanun b\u00f6yle.\u2019 Yataktan \u00e7ocu\u011fu a\u015fa\u011f\u0131ya, tahtan\u0131n \u00fcst\u00fcne indirip ne varsa al\u0131p g\u00f6t\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015fler.<\/p>\n Varl\u0131k Vergisi\u2019nde babas\u0131ndan kalan t\u00fcm yerlerini kaybeden Handan \u00c7iknavoryan annesiyle Terzi Garabet Dertliyanlar\u0131n evinin kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda ya\u015f\u0131yordu. \u00c7ok g\u00fczel ud \u00e7alard\u0131. Resmi davet oldu\u011funda valilikten araba gelir Handan Han\u0131m\u2019\u0131 al\u0131r t\u00fcm mezeleri yemekleri o haz\u0131rlard\u0131. Bir g\u00fcn mahalleden Kamil Furtun\u2019un cenazesi ge\u00e7iyor, Handan Han\u0131m pencereye \u00e7\u0131k\u0131p \u2018Ahirette G\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fcz Kamil\u2019 diye ba\u011f\u0131rd\u0131. O g\u00fcne kadar ilk defa b\u00f6yle bir \u015fey sesli s\u00f6ylendi. Handan Han\u0131m ya\u015flanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131, evini T\u00fcrklerden ismi laz\u0131m de\u011fil birisine satt\u0131. Kefen paras\u0131 i\u00e7in, kimseye y\u00fck olmamak i\u00e7in \u00f6ld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde \u00e7\u0131kmak \u015fart\u0131yla. Bir s\u00fcre sonra kap\u0131s\u0131na dayand\u0131lar, y\u0131k\u0131p ev yapt\u0131raca\u011f\u0131z \u00e7\u0131k demeye ba\u015flad\u0131lar. Bir sabah duyduk ki Handan Han\u0131m kendini asm\u0131\u015f. O ev duruyor, adam fel\u00e7 ge\u00e7irdi \u00f6ld\u00fc gitti, ona da yaramad\u0131.<\/p>\n Varl\u0131k Vergisi ile hayat\u0131 alt \u00fcst olan isimlere Kuyumcu Vahan Usta\u2019y\u0131, Matbaac\u0131 Karnik Efendi\u2019yi, Ordu\u2019da g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze kadar gelebilmi\u015f sivil mimari ve simge onlarca yap\u0131da (Ziraat Bankas\u0131, Millet Sinemas\u0131, Merkez Polis Karakolu Binas\u0131) imzas\u0131 bulunan M\u00fchendis Armenak Bey\u2019i, Kirkor Bey\u2019i, Kuru Kahveci Melik Usta\u2019y\u0131, Artin Bey\u2019i, Arjantin\u2019de ya\u015fayan Deveci Ailesi\u2019ni ekleyebiliriz, liste \u00e7ok uzun\u2026<\/p>\n Varl\u0131k Vergisi\u2019nden kurtulan, Karadeniz\u2019in belki de T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin son Bak\u0131r ustalar\u0131ndan Ovakim (Lazyan) Ag\u0306a\u2019n\u0131n torunu, Bak\u0131rc\u0131 M\u0131g\u0131rd\u0131c\u0327 Usta\u2019n\u0131n og\u0306lu Ordulu Bak\u0131r Ustas\u0131 Harutyun Artun ile devam edelim:<\/p>\n \u201cII. D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131 zaman\u0131 Karadeniz\u2019e iki sava\u015f gemisi \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131, K\u0131natepe ve Kocatepe. Birisinin buhar borusu patlam\u0131\u015f Vona (Per\u015fembe) a\u00e7\u0131klar\u0131nda. Gemi yol alam\u0131yor, f\u0131rt\u0131na \u00e7\u0131ksa her \u015fey olabilir. Amiral Ordu Valili\u011fi\u2019ne haber yolluyor, yapabilecek usta var m\u0131 diye. Vali babam\u0131 \u00e7a\u011f\u0131r\u0131yor, hik\u00e2ye uzun, gemiden par\u00e7a geliyor, d\u00fckkanda kaynak yap\u0131l\u0131p par\u00e7a gemiye geri gidiyor sorun \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcl\u00fcyor. Babama daha sonra hizmet takdirnamesi geldi. Bu y\u00fczden Varl\u0131k Vergisi\u2019nden muaf tutulduk.\u201d<\/p>\n Yaz\u0131y\u0131 Shakespeare\u2019in kaleminden \u00e7\u0131kan bir tirad ile bitirelim (1517\u2019de Londra\u2019da \u00e7\u0131kan bir ayaklanmada, Sir Thomas More\u2019un ayaklanma kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131ndaki tirad\u0131).<\/p>\n \u201cFarz edelim ki yabanc\u0131lar yerlerinden edilmi\u015f ve \u015fu sizin \u015famatan\u0131z, Shakespeare, Sir Thomas More (II. Perde, II. Sahne)Oyundan \u00c7eviri: Profes\u00f6r, yazar ve gazeteci Ayhan Aktar<\/p>\n
\n\u0130ngiltere\u2019nin b\u00fct\u00fcn ihti\u015fam\u0131n\u0131 bast\u0131rm\u0131\u015f olsun:
\nG\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcz\u00fc d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcn, sefil yabanc\u0131lar\u0131n,
\nS\u0131rtlar\u0131nda bebeleri ve p\u0131l\u0131 p\u0131rt\u0131lar\u0131yla,
\nS\u00fcr\u00fclmek \u00fczere limanlara ve k\u0131y\u0131lara do\u011fru a\u011f\u0131r a\u011f\u0131r y\u00fcr\u00fcd\u00fcklerini
\nVe siz de kral gibi oturun yerli yerinizde, keyfinizin k\u00e2hyas\u0131 olarak,
\nH\u00fck\u00fcmetin sesi sizin \u015famatan\u0131zla k\u0131s\u0131lm\u0131\u015f,
\nVe gaddarl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncenizi \u00f6rtm\u00fc\u015f olsun:
\nAnlatay\u0131m size, elinize ne ge\u00e7mi\u015f olur:
\nNas\u0131l ars\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n ve kaba kuvvetin galip geldi\u011fini,
\nD\u00fczenin nas\u0131l alt edilece\u011fini \u00f6\u011fretmi\u015f olursunuz ba\u015fkalar\u0131na:
\nVe bu \u015fekilde, hi\u00e7biriniz uzun ya\u015famazs\u0131n\u0131z,
\nBa\u015fka canavarlar\u0131n da kuruntular\u0131 harekete ge\u00e7ip,
\nAyn\u0131 zorbal\u0131kla, benzer sebeplerle ve kendilerini hakl\u0131 g\u00f6rerek,
\nSizleri par\u00e7alamak \u00fczere sald\u0131r\u0131rlar, ve insanlar y\u0131rt\u0131c\u0131 bal\u0131klar gibi,
\nBirbirini yemeye ba\u015flar.\u201d*<\/p>\n
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