![\"\"](\"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/Dersim-Tertelesi-360x208.jpeg\")
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Bug\u00fcn Dersim Tertelesi\u2019nin 85. y\u0131l d\u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fc. En az 70 bin insan \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc, on binlerce insan yerinden yurdundan s\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc. Aradan 85 y\u0131l ge\u00e7mesine ra\u011fmen ya\u015fananlar\u0131n etkileri devam ediyor.<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n Esra \u00c7ift\u00e7i<\/strong><\/p>\n Dersimliler i\u00e7in 4 May\u0131s 1937 \u00f6nemli bir tarihtir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc TBMM\u2019de 4 May\u0131s 1937\u2019de toplanan Bakanlar Kurulu \u201c1937 y\u0131l\u0131nda yap\u0131lan Tunceli Tenkil Harek\u00e2t\u0131na Dair Bakanlar Kurulu Karar\u0131\u201d ald\u0131. Bu karar Dersim Tertelesi\u2019nin resmi ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 tarihi oldu.<\/p>\n 4 May\u0131s 1937 y\u0131l\u0131nda al\u0131nan Bakanlar Kurulu karar\u0131yla, Dersim co\u011frafyas\u0131nda tarihte e\u015fi g\u00f6r\u00fclmemi\u015f bir katliama imza at\u0131ld\u0131. Katliamda en az 70 bin insan \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc, on binlerce insan ise yerinden yurdundan s\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc.<\/p>\n Bug\u00fcn Dersim Tertelesi\u2019nin 85. Y\u0131l d\u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fc. Aradan 85 y\u0131l ge\u00e7mesine ra\u011fmen katliam\u0131n etkileri hala devam ediyor. Bakanlar Kurulu bu karar\u0131 almakla neyi ama\u00e7lad\u0131? 4 May\u0131s neden soyk\u0131r\u0131m g\u00fcn\u00fc olarak kabul ediliyor? Dersim 37-38 katliam\u0131 nelere, hangi sonu\u00e7lara yol a\u00e7t\u0131? +Ger\u00e7ek olarak t\u00fcm bu sorular\u0131 tarih\u00e7i, ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131, akademisyen ve yazarlara sorduk.<\/p>\n \u201cRESM\u0130 TAR\u0130H\u00c7\u0130LER\u0130N \u0130DD\u0130A ETT\u0130\u011e\u0130N\u0130N AKS\u0130NE, DERS\u0130M DEVLET\u0130N G\u0130REMED\u0130\u011e\u0130 B\u0130R CO\u011eRAFYA DE\u011e\u0130LD\u0130\u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n +Ger\u00e7ek\u2019e konu\u015fan, Tarih\u00e7i-Yazar Ay\u015fe H\u00fcr, \u201c\u00d6nce \u015funun alt\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7izelim: 2014 y\u0131l\u0131nda Radikal\u2019de yay\u0131mlanan \u2018Dersim hakk\u0131nda kuyruklu yalanlar\u2019 ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 yaz\u0131mda ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 olarak anlatt\u0131\u011f\u0131m gibi, resmi tarih\u00e7ilerin iddia etti\u011finin aksine, Dersim devletin giremedi\u011fi bir co\u011frafya de\u011fildi. Dersimli e\u015fk\u0131yal\u0131k yap\u0131yorsa yoksulluktand\u0131 ama Dersimli o tarihte ordu veya Adana vilayeti ne kadar veriyorsa o kadar da devlete vergi veriyordu, asker de\u201d diyerek s\u00f6ze ba\u015fl\u0131yor.<\/p>\n H\u00fcr, Dersimli Kemalistlerin, \u201cDevrim Kanunlar\u2019\u0131na (T\u00fcrk\u00e7e e\u011fitime, k\u0131yafet kanunlar\u0131na, laikli\u011fe) kar\u015f\u0131 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 aksine bunlara \u201cmuti\u201d (ba\u011fl\u0131, sad\u0131k) olduklar\u0131n\u0131 buna \u00f6rnek olarak da ilk f\u00f6tr \u015fapka giyenlerden birinin Seyit R\u0131za oldu\u011funu belirtiyor. Dersim\u2019de kesinlikle bir isyan olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, sadece devletin Dersim\u2019i zapt-u rapt alt\u0131na alma harek\u00e2t\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 bir \u00f6z savunma oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yleyen H\u00fcr, s\u00f6zlerini \u015f\u00f6yle s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fcyor,<\/p>\n \u201cBunlar olmasayd\u0131 bile devletin Dersim\u2019e topuyla, t\u00fcfe\u011fiyle, mitraly\u00f6z\u00fcyle bombas\u0131yla, \u0130hsan Sabri \u00c7a\u011flayangil\u2019in itiraf etti\u011fi gibi ma\u011faralara doldurup zehirli gazla \u00f6ld\u00fcrmesi mi gerekirdi? Resmi raporlara g\u00f6re bile 13.806 insan\u0131 \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcp, bir o kadar\u0131n\u0131 da \u00fclkenin d\u00f6rt bir yan\u0131na savurmas\u0131 m\u0131 gerekirdi? Devletin Dersim\u2019den asl\u0131nda ne istedi\u011fini devletin kendi ifadeleriyle \u00f6zetleyebiliriz. 1925\u2019te \u015eark Islahat Plan\u0131\u2019n\u0131 haz\u0131rlarken Ankara \u201cvazifemiz, T\u00fcrk vatan\u0131 i\u00e7inde bulunanlar\u0131 mutlaka T\u00fcrk yapmakt\u0131r. T\u00fcrkl\u00fc\u011fe ve T\u00fcrk\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fc\u011fe muhalefet edecek unsurlar\u0131 kesip ataca\u011f\u0131z. Vatana, hizmet edeceklerde arayaca\u011f\u0131m\u0131z nitelikler her \u015feyden evvel o adam\u0131n T\u00fcrk ve T\u00fcrk\u00e7\u00fc olmas\u0131d\u0131r. Dersimli ok\u015fanmakla kazan\u0131lmaz. Silahl\u0131 kuvvetlerin m\u00fcdahalesi Dersimliye daha \u00e7ok tesir yapar ve \u0131slah\u0131n esas\u0131n\u0131 te\u015fkil eder. Dersim evvela koloni gibi nazar\u0131 itibara al\u0131nmal\u0131. T\u00fcrk camias\u0131 i\u00e7inde K\u00fcrtl\u00fck eritilmeli, ondan sonra ve tedricen \u00f6z T\u00fcrk hukukuna mazhar k\u0131l\u0131nmal\u0131d\u0131r\u201d demi\u015fti\u201d<\/p>\n \u201c1937\u2019DEK\u0130 T\u00dcRK-S\u00dcNN\u0130 DEVLET AKLININ OSMANLI\u2019DAN BER\u0130 UYGULADI\u011eI KLAS\u0130K BASTIRMA EYLEM\u0130NE BENZ\u0130YOR\u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n H\u00fcr, Dersimlilerin Ankara\u2019n\u0131n g\u00f6z\u00fcnde etnik ve dinsel olarak hem K\u00fcrt hem K\u0131z\u0131lba\u015f hem Ermeni dostu, as\u0131rlard\u0131r ihmal edilmi\u015f sosyo-ekonomik yap\u0131s\u0131yla Cumhuriyet\u2019in h\u0131zl\u0131 modernle\u015fme projesine uyum sa\u011flayamad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ya da bunu yaparken b\u00fcy\u00fck emek ve para harcanmas\u0131 gereken \u201cvah\u015fi\u201d, \u201cilkel\u201d bir co\u011frafyan\u0131n insanlar\u0131 oldu\u011funu ifade ediyor. \u0130ttihat\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n bir devam\u0131 olarak Kemalistlerin tipik sosyal Darwinciler olarak bu t\u00fcr sorunlar\u0131 \u201chabis ur\u201d, \u201ct\u00fcm\u00f6r\u201d gibi t\u0131bbi terimlerle ifade ettiklerini s\u00f6yleyen H\u00fcr \u015f\u00f6yle devam ediyor,<\/p>\n \u201cBu sorunu b\u00f6yle tabir edince de tedaviyi de \u201ckesip atmak\u201d, \u201cs\u00f6k\u00fcp atmak\u201d gibi t\u0131bbi terimlerle ifade etmeleri do\u011fal olmal\u0131. Dersim i\u015fte bu yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131n test alan\u0131 olarak se\u00e7ilmi\u015fti. Anadolu\u2019nun ortas\u0131nda, da\u011flarla \u00e7evrili oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in d\u0131\u015f etkiye ve yard\u0131ma kapal\u0131, Ankara\u2019n\u0131n kafas\u0131ndaki \u201ctedaviyi\u201d rahat\u00e7a uygulayaca\u011f\u0131 \u201ck\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck\u201d bir laboratuvar. Bu laboratuvardan edinilecek deneyimlerin ba\u015fka b\u00f6lgelerdeki \u201cT\u00fcrkle\u015ftirme\u201d ameliyeleri i\u00e7in bir tecr\u00fcbe olaca\u011f\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f olmal\u0131. Nitekim ilk \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fcleri hakl\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. Devlet Dersim\u2019i zapturapt alt\u0131na almak i\u00e7in en sert tedbirleri almaya kalkt\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, Seyit R\u0131za\u2019n\u0131n etraf\u0131nda kenetlenen alt\u0131 a\u015firet \u00f6z savunma i\u00e7in harekete ge\u00e7ti ancak Dersimli a\u015firetlerin \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011fu onlara destek vermedi. Hatta baz\u0131 a\u015firet reisleri devletin yan\u0131nda yer ald\u0131\u201d<\/p>\n B\u00f6lge d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki Alevi ve S\u00fcnni-\u015eafii K\u00fcrtlerden sembolik ad\u0131mlar d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda ciddi bir destek gelmedi\u011fini ve Dersimlilerin Seyit R\u0131za \u00f6nderli\u011findeki \u00f6z savunmas\u0131n\u0131n kolayca ezildi\u011fini s\u00f6yleyen H\u00fcr, ard\u0131ndan \u201ckanserin metastaz yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131\u201d d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclen b\u00f6lgelerde ikinci a\u015famaya ge\u00e7ildi\u011fini, 1937 ve 1938\u2019in iki ayr\u0131 safahat oldu\u011funu belirtiyor. 1937\u2019deki T\u00fcrk-S\u00fcnni devlet akl\u0131n\u0131n Osmanl\u0131\u2019dan beri uygulad\u0131\u011f\u0131 klasik bast\u0131rma eylemine benzedi\u011fini s\u00f6yleyen H\u00fcr, 1938\u2019de Ermeni, S\u00fcryani ve Pontus soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131nda \u015fahit olunan etnik temizlik harekatlar\u0131n\u0131n benzerinin uyguland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ifade ediyor ve s\u00f6zlerini \u015f\u00f6yle bitiriyor:<\/p>\n \u201cPeki bunca kan d\u00f6k\u00fcld\u00fckten sonra bilan\u00e7o nedir derseniz, nereden bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131za g\u00f6re de\u011fi\u015fir elbette. Ama genel bir tablo \u00e7izmek gerekirse, b\u00fct\u00fcn uzla\u015fma \u00e7abalar\u0131na ra\u011fmen ne Dersimli devletin g\u00f6z\u00fcne girebildi ne devlet kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131 korkun\u00e7 y\u00f6ntemlere ra\u011fmen Dersim\u2019i T\u00fcrkle\u015ftirebildi ne Dersimli kendi \u00f6z kimli\u011fini g\u00fc\u00e7lendirebildi ve \u00f6z taleplerini ifade edebildi ne de K\u00fcrt siyasal hareketinin par\u00e7as\u0131 olabildi. Bug\u00fcn Dersim\u2019de ya\u015fananlar hakk\u0131nda sadece 4 May\u0131s\u2019lardan 4 May\u0131s\u2019lara konu\u015fuyorsak bunun nedenleri \u00fczerinde daha \u00e7ok d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmemiz gerekir\u201d<\/p>\n \u201cDERS\u0130M \u2018SON KALE\u2019 OLARAK G\u00d6R\u00dcL\u00dcYORDU\u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n +Ger\u00e7ek\u2019e konu\u015fan yazar H\u00fcseyin Ayr\u0131lmaz ise Dersim\u2019in Osmanl\u0131 \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu\u2019ndan Cumhuriyet T\u00fcrkiye\u2019sine \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmlenmeyen bir sorun olarak kald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, kurulacak yeni Cumhuriyetin halklara bir yenilik ve tan\u0131nma hakk\u0131 vaat etti\u011fini ama bunu yerine getirmedi\u011fini s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor. K\u00fcrt halk\u0131n\u0131n temsilcilerinin bir umutla sava\u015fa kat\u0131l\u0131p yeni kurulan devletin kurucu kadrolar\u0131 aras\u0131nda yer ald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yleyen Ayr\u0131lmaz, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc kurulmakta olan yeni devletin, K\u00fcrtlerin ve T\u00fcrklerin ortak devleti olaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131, fakat Lozan\u2019dan sonra verilen s\u00f6zlerin unutuldu\u011funu, itiraz edenlere de ya s\u00fcrg\u00fcn ya da dara\u011fac\u0131n\u0131n reva g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc ifade ediyor ve s\u00f6zlerini \u015f\u00f6yle s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fcyor,<\/p>\n \u201cK\u00fcrt halk\u0131 bu aldat\u0131lm\u0131\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 kabul etmedi. Ko\u00e7giri\u2019de dillendirilen stat\u00fc edinme iste\u011fi ba\u015fta \u015eeyh Said, A\u011fr\u0131 ve Zilan olmak \u00fczere bir\u00e7ok yerde devam etti. Ama K\u00fcrtlerin t\u00fcm hak, hukuk m\u00fccadeleleri \u201cisyan\u201d olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcp \u015fiddetle bast\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131. Osmanl\u0131\u2019dan bu yana otonom varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcren Dersim ise \u201cson kale\u201d olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc i\u00e7in katliam\u0131n en \u015fiddetlisine maruz kald\u0131. 4 May\u0131s 1937 tarihinde al\u0131nan Bakanlar Kurulu karar\u0131yla bu \u201cson kale de\u201d d\u00fcnyada e\u015fi benzeri az bulunan bir soyk\u0131r\u0131m yap\u0131ld\u0131. Yak\u0131n tarihimize \u201c38 Katliam\u0131\u201d olarak ge\u00e7en Dersim Tertelesi, y\u00fczy\u0131llar boyunca ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z ya\u015fam\u0131\u015f bir halk\u0131n, bu stat\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fc koruma \u00e7abas\u0131ndan ba\u015fka bir \u015fey de\u011fildir ama bu insani talebe katliam ve s\u00fcrg\u00fcnle cevap verildi\u201d<\/p>\n \u201c\u0130NKAR VE AS\u0130M\u0130LASYON T\u00dcM BOYUTLARIYLA DEVAM ED\u0130YOR\u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n 1938\u2019den bu yana devral\u0131nan ink\u00e2rc\u0131 ve imhac\u0131 gelene\u011fin bug\u00fcn de yeni politik versiyonlar\u0131 ile uyguland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yleyen Ayr\u0131lmaz, aradan 85 y\u0131l ge\u00e7mesine ra\u011fmen ink\u00e2r ve asimilasyonun t\u00fcm boyutlar\u0131yla devam etti\u011fini belirtiyor. Mevcut sistemin hala d\u00fcn\u00fcn referanslar\u0131 \u00fczerinden yol ald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, K\u00fcrt halk\u0131n\u0131n talepleri s\u00f6z konusu oldu\u011funda Ankara partilerinin an\u0131nda ulusal z\u0131rha b\u00fcr\u00fcnd\u00fcklerini s\u00f6yleyen Ayr\u0131lmaz yap\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekenleri \u015f\u00f6yle s\u0131ral\u0131yor:<\/p>\n \u201c1937-38 y\u0131llar\u0131nda Dersim\u2019de bir soyk\u0131r\u0131m yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 resmen tan\u0131ns\u0131n ve toplumsal bar\u0131\u015f\u0131m\u0131z i\u00e7in gerekli y\u00fczle\u015fme yap\u0131ls\u0131n.<\/p>\n Dersim Soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131\u2019nda ne kadar insan\u0131n katledildi\u011fi resmen a\u00e7\u0131klans\u0131n.<\/p>\n Katliamdan sonra, ba\u015fta evlatl\u0131k verilen \u00e7ocuklar olmak \u00fczere s\u00fcrg\u00fcn edilen t\u00fcm insanlar\u0131n ak\u0131beti a\u00e7\u0131klans\u0131n.<\/p>\n Ba\u015fta Seyit R\u0131za ve o\u011flu olmak \u00fczere idam edilenlerin mezar yerleri a\u00e7\u0131klans\u0131n.<\/p>\n Halk\u0131m\u0131za soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 hat\u0131rlatan \u201cTunceli\u201d isminin yerine co\u011frafyan\u0131n kadim ad\u0131 olan \u201cDersim\u2019in kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in yasal d\u00fczenleme yap\u0131ls\u0131n\u201d<\/p>\n \u201cAMA\u00c7 DERS\u0130M\u2019\u0130N T\u00dcRKL\u00dc\u011eE KAZANDIRILMASI\u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n +Ger\u00e7ek\u2019e konu\u015fan tarih\u00e7i-akademisyen Zeynep T\u00fcrky\u0131lmaz, 4 May\u0131s Bakanlar Kurulu karar\u0131yla Dersim\u2019de yerle\u015fim yerlerinin tahribinden, insanlar\u0131n topraklar\u0131ndan g\u00f6\u00e7 ettirilmesine kadar, Dersim\u2019in T\u00fcrkl\u00fc\u011fe tekrar kazand\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 ve as\u0131rlard\u0131r s\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc iddia edilen Dersim sorununun k\u00f6kten bir \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm sa\u011flayacak mekanizmalar\u0131n devreye sokulmas\u0131 karar\u0131n\u0131n al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor. Cumhuriyet kadrolar\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan bu karar\u0131n \u00f6ncesinde Dersim meselesinin etnografik iktisadi ve sosyo-k\u00fclt\u00fcrel olarak \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131lan bir s\u00fcre\u00e7 oldu\u011funu ifade eden T\u00fcrky\u0131lmaz s\u00f6zlerine \u015f\u00f6yle devam ediyor,<\/p>\n \u201c1925\u2019ten itibaren de\u011fi\u015fik K\u00fcrt kesimleri sorun olarak tan\u0131mlanmaya ba\u015flan\u0131yor. Ancak etnografik olarak Dersim\u2019e her zaman ayr\u0131 bir ilgi var. Cumhuriyet eliti a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan Dersim\u2019in en rahats\u0131z edici taraf\u0131 yeni ulus devleti i\u00e7in tahayy\u00fcl etti\u011fi makbul kimlik kategorilerinin s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131 zorlamas\u0131yd\u0131. Bu d\u00f6nemde haz\u0131rlanan raporlarda bu gerilimi \u00e7ok net g\u00f6r\u00fcyorsunuz, Dersimliler K\u0131z\u0131lba\u015fl\u0131k, Ermenilik, K\u00fcrtl\u00fck ve T\u00fcrkl\u00fck aras\u0131na s\u0131k\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015f bir ara kategori olarak tan\u0131mlan\u0131yor. Asl\u0131nda Osmanl\u0131 d\u00f6nemi raporlar\u0131nda da Dersim\u2019i benzer \u015fekilde ara bir kategori olarak tan\u0131mlayan ifadeler var ancak Osmanl\u0131 d\u00f6neminde bu \u2018sorun\u2019 var olan meselelerden sadece birisi ve fiziksel olarak da ideolojik olarak da \u2018\u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc\u2019 sa\u011flayacak mekanizmalar\u0131 mevcut de\u011fil. Cumhuriyet d\u00f6neminde ise yeni siyasal olu\u015fum a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan varolu\u015fsal bir sorun olarak alg\u0131lan\u0131yor\u201d<\/p>\n \u201c1938\u2019DE 1937 \u0130LE KIYASLANMAYACAK B\u0130R YIKIM YA\u015eANDI\u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n 1937 kararlar\u0131n\u0131n ve bunlar\u0131n uygulanmas\u0131nda ba\u015fvurulan hava bombard\u0131man\u0131, zehirli gaz, toplu katliamlar ve \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n ailelerinden al\u0131nmas\u0131 gibi mekanizmalar\u0131n \u015fiddeti ve yol a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131 y\u0131k\u0131m\u0131n son 10 y\u0131l i\u00e7inde toplumsal alanda yo\u011funlukla konu\u015fuldu\u011funu s\u00f6yleyen T\u00fcrky\u0131lmaz, ancak ya\u015fanan ac\u0131larla y\u00fczle\u015fip, siyasi olarak sorumluluk alma ve tazmin etme yoluna gidilmedi\u011fi gibi siyaseten ara\u00e7salla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131l\u0131p, g\u00fcnl\u00fck ihtiyaca g\u00f6re yeniden d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcme girdi\u011fine dikkat \u00e7ekiyor.<\/p>\n Karar\u0131n 37\u2019de al\u0131nmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen \u201cTertele\u201d olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lan soyk\u0131r\u0131msal \u015fiddete referans olarak s\u00fcrekli 38\u2019in verildi\u011fini \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc 38\u2019de 37 ile k\u0131yaslanmayacak bir y\u0131k\u0131m ya\u015fand\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirten T\u00fcrky\u0131lmaz, bug\u00fcne kadar ya\u015fanan \u015fiddetin detaylar\u0131 ile anlat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ama sonras\u0131n\u0131n pek de anlat\u0131lmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n alt\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7izerek s\u00f6zlerini \u015f\u00f6yle s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fcyor,<\/p>\n \u201cOlu\u015fturulan yasak m\u0131nt\u0131kalardan zorunlu g\u00f6\u00e7e tabi tutulan 1915\u2019ten kurtulabilmi\u015f Ermenilerin de i\u00e7lerinde bulundu\u011fu Dersim ahalisi 1947 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar \u2018bat\u0131da\u2019 s\u00fcrg\u00fcne tabi tutuldu. Bu s\u00fcre boyunca bulunduklar\u0131 yerlerde hep \u015f\u00fcpheli, hareketleri kontrol edilmesi gereken do\u011fulu K\u00fcrtler olarak ya\u015faman\u0131n zorlu\u011funun yan\u0131 s\u0131ra vatanda\u015f olarak da ba\u015fka bir kanuna maruz b\u0131rak\u0131ld\u0131lar. 47\u2019den sonra \u2018normalle\u015fme\u2019 ile birlikte belki de ilk defa ya\u015fad\u0131klar\u0131 \u015fiddeti anlamland\u0131rmaya ve ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan travmayla m\u00fccadele etmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan, bir yandan da tekrar\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nlemek i\u00e7in kendilerine pozisyon ve stratejiler bulmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan bir toplum g\u00f6r\u00fcyoruz. \u00d6rne\u011fin Dersim\u2019deki e\u011fitim meselesini hem devletin medenile\u015ftirme hem de Dersimlilerin hayatta kalma stratejilerinden ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmek m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fil. Ancak b\u00fct\u00fcn bu \u00e7abalar hem siyaseten kendini Dersimli tan\u0131mlayanlar\u0131n hem de Tuncelili olarak g\u00f6renlerin devlet a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan tehlikeli ve makbul olmayan vatanda\u015f olarak damgalan\u0131p, ayr\u0131mc\u0131l\u0131\u011fa maruz b\u0131rak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 ger\u00e7e\u011fini de\u011fi\u015ftirmedi\u201d<\/p>\n \u201cTUNCEL\u0130 AS\u0130M\u0130LASYON PROGRAMINININ B\u0130R PAR\u00c7ASI OLARAK DEVLET\u0130N DERS\u0130M\u2019E VERD\u0130\u011e\u0130 ZORAK\u0130 B\u0130R ADDIR\u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n +Ger\u00e7ek\u2019e konu\u015fan Yazar Munzur \u00c7em, bu konu \u00fczerinde d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcrken soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyeti devletinin herhangi bir tarihte, herhangi bir y\u00f6reye kar\u015f\u0131 izledi\u011fi tekil olaylar \u015feklinde alg\u0131lamamak gerekti\u011fini s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor. T\u00fcrk devletinin kuruldu\u011fu g\u00fcnden itibaren izledi\u011fi K\u00fcrt politikas\u0131n\u0131n, ana hatlar\u0131 itibariyle bir soyk\u0131r\u0131m politikas\u0131 oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yleyen \u00c7em, 1926 \u015eark Islahat Plan\u0131\u2019n\u0131n, devlete ait soyk\u0131r\u0131m politikas\u0131n\u0131n en dolays\u0131z belgesi oldu\u011funu belirtiyor. Dersim\u2019in ise bu plan\u0131n hayata ge\u00e7irilmesinde her zaman \u00f6zel bir yere sahip oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yleyen \u00c7em, Dersim\u2019i imha plan\u0131n\u0131n 1926 y\u0131l\u0131nda kararla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, Genelkurmay belgelerinde de yer almakta oldu\u011funu, 4 May\u0131s\u2019\u0131n soyk\u0131r\u0131m g\u00fcn\u00fc olarak kabul edilmesinin, soyk\u0131r\u0131m i\u00e7in d\u00fc\u011fmeye basma anlam\u0131na gelen Bakanlar Kurulu Karar\u0131\u2019n\u0131n al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00fcn olmas\u0131 oldu\u011funu ifade ediyor ve s\u00f6zlerini \u015f\u00f6yle s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fcyor,<\/p>\n \u201cO g\u00fcn Bakanlar Kurulu devlet ba\u015fkan\u0131 Mustafa Kemal ile Genelkurmay ba\u015fkan\u0131 Fevzi \u00c7akmak\u2019\u0131n da kat\u0131l\u0131m\u0131yla toplanm\u0131\u015f ve askeri hareketi ba\u015flatma karar\u0131 alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. 1937-1938\u2019de T\u00fcrk ordusu Dersim\u2019i yak\u0131p y\u0131karak bir harabeye \u00e7evirdi, on binlerce insan katletti, on binlercesini ise s\u00fcrg\u00fcne g\u00f6nderdi. Dersim\u2019de olduk\u00e7a geni\u015f b\u00f6lgeler yerle\u015fime kapal\u0131 alanlar haline getirildi. (Memnu M\u0131nt\u0131ka) Devlet, 1938\u2019den sonra sadece s\u00fcrg\u00fcne g\u00f6nderilen Dersimlilere de\u011fil, ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131 Dersim\u2019de s\u00fcrd\u00fcrenlere kar\u015f\u0131 da \u00e7ok tahripk\u00e2r bir asimilasyon program\u0131 hayata ge\u00e7irdi. Tunceli, asimilasyon program\u0131n\u0131n bir par\u00e7as\u0131 olarak devletin Dersim\u2019e verdi\u011fi zoraki bir add\u0131r. Dersim ise bu y\u00f6re halk\u0131n\u0131n dil, k\u00fclt\u00fcr, kimlik, inan\u00e7 ve ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z ya\u015fama isteminin sembol\u00fcd\u00fcr.\u201d<\/p>\n \u00c7em, \u201cBu dava gen\u00e7 Tunceli\u2019nin Dersim hakk\u0131nda a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131 davad\u0131r\u201d s\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcn \u0130stiklal Mahkemesi savc\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n 1937\u2019deki yarg\u0131lama s\u0131ras\u0131nda s\u00f6yledi\u011fi bir s\u00f6z oldu\u011funu, bu s\u00f6z\u00fcn devletin Dersim halk\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 izledi\u011fi sindirme ve yok etme projesinin foto\u011fraf\u0131 oldu\u011funu belirtiyor ve son olarak \u201cTunceli devlete, Dersim ise onun halk\u0131na ait birbirlerine kar\u015f\u0131 iki add\u0131r\u201d diyor.<\/p>\n
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