{"id":68241,"date":"2022-04-28T01:48:23","date_gmt":"2022-04-28T06:48:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=68241"},"modified":"2022-04-28T01:48:23","modified_gmt":"2022-04-28T06:48:23","slug":"doktor-avedis-nakkasyanin-ayas-hapishanesi-anilari","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=68241","title":{"rendered":"Doktor Avedis Nakka\u015fyan\u2019\u0131n Aya\u015f Hapishanesi an\u0131lar\u0131"},"content":{"rendered":"
\"\"<\/p>\n

Arus Yumul<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n

Doktor Avedis Nakka\u015fyan Ermeni ayd\u0131nlar\u0131n 24 Nisan 1915\u2019te \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131ld\u0131klar\u0131 \u00f6l\u00fcm yolculu\u011funa ilk elden tan\u0131k olan isimlerden biri. Siyaset bilimci ve sosyolog Prof. Dr. Arus Yumul Nakka\u015fyan\u2019\u0131n 1925\u2019te Boston\u2019da Ermenice yay\u0131nlanan an\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 Agos okurlar\u0131 i\u00e7in derledi.<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<\/header>\n

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\u201c24 Nisan 1915 modern Ermeni tarihi i\u00e7in\u00a0 \u00f6nemli bir g\u00fcn olarak kalacakt\u0131r\u201d \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fcs\u00fcyle ba\u015flar Doktor Avedis Nakka\u015fyan 1925 y\u0131l\u0131nda yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 Aya\u015f Hapishanesi\u2019nde ge\u00e7irdi\u011fi g\u00fcnleri anlatt\u0131\u011f\u0131 kitab\u0131na. (*) O g\u00fcn \u201cb\u00fcy\u00fck f\u0131rt\u0131nan\u0131n ilk g\u00f6k g\u00fcr\u00fclt\u00fcs\u00fc\u201d duyulmu\u015ftur. Sabaha kar\u015f\u0131 evinin kap\u0131s\u0131 \u00e7ald\u0131\u011f\u0131nda \u201cKim bilir hangi zavall\u0131 hasta\u201d diye d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcp h\u0131zla a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 iner. Gelen, Gomidas Vartabed\u2019in polislerce al\u0131n\u0131p g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc haber veren yard\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131d\u0131r. Yirmi dakika ge\u00e7meden bir ba\u015fkas\u0131 gelip Jak Sayabalyan\u2019\u0131n g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc haberini getirir. Evden \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131nda kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 Doktor Dikran Allahverdi\u2019nin k\u0131z\u0131 g\u00f6z ya\u015flar\u0131 i\u00e7inde babas\u0131n\u0131n g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc s\u00f6yler. Neler olup bitti\u011fini anlamaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rken s\u0131ra kendisine gelir.<\/p>\n

\u00d6nce Pangalt\u0131 karakoluna oradan da\u00a0 Sultanahmet Merkez Cezaevi\u2019ne g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcr. Hapishaneden i\u00e7eri girdi\u011finde kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 -adeta b\u00fcy\u00fck bir dini bayram g\u00fcn\u00fc Ana Kilise\u2019nin (Kumkap\u0131 Meryem Ana Kilisesi) avlusunu, bar\u0131nd\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00e7e\u015fitlilik a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan da Nuh\u2019un Gemisi\u2019ni and\u0131ran- kalabal\u0131k kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda \u015fa\u015f\u0131r\u0131r. Gazeteciler, \u015fairler, doktorlar, avukatlar, rahipler, papazlar, akt\u00f6rler, t\u00fcccarlar, hanc\u0131lar, otelciler, zenginler, fakirler, Osmanl\u0131 Meclisi ve Ermeni Meclisi vekilleri, eczac\u0131lar kasaplar hepsi bir aradad\u0131r. Ak\u015fama kadar getirilenlerin say\u0131s\u0131 220\u2019ye ula\u015f\u0131r. Getirilen her yeni \u201cmisafire\u201d\u00a0 merakla d\u0131\u015farda neler olup bitti\u011fini sorar i\u00e7erdekiler, zira kimse ne olup bitti\u011fini anlayamaz. Ancak yeni gelenler de kendileri kadar durumdan bihaberdir. Kendi aralar\u0131nda neden orada bulunduklar\u0131n\u0131 tart\u0131\u015f\u0131rlarken en uygun ve ikna edici a\u00e7\u0131klamay\u0131 Harutyun \u015eahrigyan \u201cAnlams\u0131z olanda anlam ar\u0131yorsunuz\u201d s\u00f6zleriyle dile getirir.<\/p>\n

Yolculuk ba\u015flar<\/strong>
\nSaat sekize do\u011fru \u201cherkes d\u0131\u015far\u0131\u201d sesi duyulur. Hep birlikte kap\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcne \u00e7\u0131karlar. Kap\u0131da Talat\u2019\u0131n sa\u011f kolu, polis m\u00fcd\u00fcr\u00fc Bedri durmaktad\u0131r. Elindeki ka\u011f\u0131ttan tek tek isimleri okur. Nereye gideceklerini bilmiyorlard\u0131r ancak hapishaneden \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor olmalar\u0131 hayatlar\u0131na bir de\u011fi\u015fiklik getirecektir ki bu, bir tutuklu i\u00e7in yeterlidir. D\u00f6rder d\u00f6rder s\u0131raya girmeleri istenir. \u201cOkul \u00e7ocuklar\u0131 gibi\u201d s\u0131raya dizilirler. D\u00f6rt yandan silahl\u0131 askerlerle \u00e7evrilerek Sultanahmet \u00fczerinden Aya Sofya\u2019ya var\u0131p oradan G\u00fclhane Park\u0131\u2019na girerler. Sarayburnu\u2019na vard\u0131klar\u0131nda \u015eirketi Hayriye\u2019ye ait bir vapurun kendilerini bekledi\u011fini g\u00f6r\u00fcrler. A\u015fa\u011f\u0131 inmeleri emredilir. Hep birlikte a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 kamaralara dolu\u015furlar. Merdivenler, kap\u0131lar dahil her taraf askerlerle \u00e7evrilidir. Haydarpa\u015fa\u2019da vapurdan indirilip Haydarpa\u015fa Gar\u0131\u2019na g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcrler. Burada, pozisyonlar\u0131 ve mesleklerine g\u00f6re birinci, ikinci ve \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc s\u0131n\u0131f vagonlara\u00a0 ayr\u0131l\u0131rlar. \u201cHapishane, esaret, s\u00fcrg\u00fcn ve kim bilir daha neler?\u201d diye d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcr Nakka\u015fyan ama s\u0131n\u0131flara g\u00f6re ayr\u0131m uygulanmakta, bir ba\u015fka deyi\u015fe, \u015eahrigyan\u2019\u0131n \u201canlams\u0131z\u0131\u201d sahnelenmektedir. Askeri eczac\u0131 olan Nargileciyan\u2019\u0131n \u00fczerinde \u00fcniformas\u0131 vard\u0131r. Bir polis memuru onu tuvalete g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcp \u00fcniformas\u0131ndaki askeri rozetleri s\u00f6ker. Nakka\u015fyan\u2019\u0131n yeri birinci s\u0131n\u0131f vagondad\u0131r. Ayn\u0131 vagona Gomidas, Hovnan ve Balakyan Vartabedler, Doktor Torkomyan, Diran Kelekyan, Harutyun Cang\u00fclyan\u00a0 gibi ki\u015filer de bindirilir.<\/p>\n

\"Dr.<\/div>\n
Dr. Avedis Nakka\u015fyan<\/span><\/em><\/div>\n

Yeni durak Sincan<\/strong>
\nTren \u0130zmit\u2019e do\u011fru yol al\u0131r. \u0130stasyonlarda trenden inmek, al\u0131\u015fveri\u015f etmek yasakt\u0131r. Pencereden bakmaya c\u00fcret edenlere asker \u201cyasak\u201d diye ba\u011f\u0131r\u0131r. Kimsenin yan\u0131nda yiyecek bir \u015fey yoktur. Nakka\u015fyan yan\u0131ndaki bir par\u00e7a ekmek ve tereya\u011f\u0131n\u0131 vagondakilere kutsal bir emanetmi\u015f\u00e7esine da\u011f\u0131t\u0131r. Ertesi ak\u015fam Eski\u015fehir\u2019e var\u0131rlar. Yolda polisleri ikna edip ekmek al\u0131rlar. Ailelerinin o esnada ne yedi\u011fini ya da a\u011f\u0131zlar\u0131na bir lokma koyup koymad\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 merak ederler.\u00a0 Tren Eski\u015fehir istasyonunda iki saat kadar kal\u0131r. Nakka\u015fyan trenin penceresinden bakarken d\u0131\u015fardan kendisine Ermenice seslenip bir \u015fey isteyip istemediklerini soran bir ses duyar. \u00c7ay ister ve \u0130stanbul\u2019a Ankara\u2019ya g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fckleri haberinin verilmesini ister. \u00c7eyrek saat i\u00e7inde gelen \u00e7aya polisler izin vermek istemese de bardaklar\u0131 pencereden almay\u0131 ba\u015far\u0131rlar.<\/p>\n

Tutukland\u0131klar\u0131ndan beri ilk kez midelerine s\u0131cak bir \u015fey girer. Gece yar\u0131s\u0131ndan sonra tren hareket eder, \u00f6\u011fleden sonra Sincan k\u00f6y\u00fcne var\u0131rlar. Kendilerine \u0130stanbul\u2019dan beri e\u015flik eden Merkez Hapishane M\u00fcd\u00fcr\u00fc \u0130brahim \u201cPencereleri a\u00e7\u0131n, adlar\u0131 okunanlar a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 insin\u201d der. Silvo Ricci (Kris Fenerciyan), Paylag (Jak Sayabalyan), Agnuni (Ha\u00e7adur Malumyan), Rupen Zartaryan, Murad (Hamparsum Boyac\u0131yan) ve di\u011ferlerinin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra Nakka\u015fyan\u2019\u0131n da ad\u0131 okunur. \u0130stasyonun d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda yirmi kadar araba onlar\u0131 beklemektedir. Her arabaya \u00fc\u00e7er d\u00f6rder ki\u015fi bindirilir. Her arabac\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131na bir polis oturur. Yola \u00e7\u0131kmadan kendilerini pencereden ya\u015fl\u0131 g\u00f6zlerle izleyen\u00a0 trendeki arkada\u015flar\u0131na son bir kez bakarlar.<\/p>\n

Aya\u015f Hapishanesi<\/strong>
\nNakka\u015fyan polise nereye g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fcklerini sorar. Ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 cevap \u201cyasak\u201d olur. Biraz sabredip bu kez farkl\u0131 bir yol denemeye karar verir. Arabac\u0131 ve polise birer sigara ikram edip ayn\u0131 soruyu tekrar sorar. Arabac\u0131dan Aya\u015f\u2019a g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fcklerini \u00f6\u011frenir.\u00a0 Yolda u\u011frad\u0131klar\u0131 bir handan birer par\u00e7a ekmek ve birer bardak \u00e7ay al\u0131rlar. Ak\u015fama do\u011fru Aya\u015f\u2019a var\u0131rlar, bir k\u0131\u015flan\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcnde inerler. Burada\u00a0 on be\u015f metre uzunlu\u011funda alt\u0131 metre geni\u015fli\u011finde, pencereleri demir parmakl\u0131k ve tahtalarla kapat\u0131lm\u0131\u015f bir ko\u011fu\u015fa koyulurlar. Ko\u011fu\u015fta yere at\u0131lm\u0131\u015f birka\u00e7 eski has\u0131r par\u00e7as\u0131ndan ba\u015fka bir \u015fey yoktur. \u00d6ncelikle\u00a0 toz ve kir i\u00e7indeki ko\u011fu\u015fu temizlemeye giri\u015firler. Toz ve kiri d\u0131\u015far\u0131 atmalar\u0131na izin verilmeyince yerdeki tozu kald\u0131r\u0131p oraya buraya da\u011f\u0131t\u0131rlar. S\u0131ra yemek sorununu \u00e7\u00f6zmeye gelir. Gardiyanlar her birine siyaha \u00e7alan gri hamuru ekmek niyetine verir. Zeytin getirtirler. S\u0131ra en zor sorunu \u00e7\u00f6zmeye gelir. Ko\u011fu\u015fta yata\u011fa benzer bir \u015fey yoktur. Ko\u011fu\u015ftakilerin hepsinin ayn\u0131 anda yatmas\u0131na imkan yoktur. \u201cE\u011fer yetmi\u015f bir mahkum odun par\u00e7alar\u0131 gibi yan yana dizilip yatsayd\u0131k, yine de o ko\u011fu\u015fa s\u0131\u011famazd\u0131k\u201d der Nakka\u015fyan. Baz\u0131lar\u0131 geceyi kap\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131nda ayakta ge\u00e7irir. Yan yana yatanlar\u0131n ise k\u0131m\u0131ldamas\u0131na olanak yoktur zira k\u0131m\u0131ldayacak\u00a0 yer yoktur.<\/p>\n

Ko\u011fu\u015fta hayat<\/strong><\/p>\n

Kendilerine g\u00fcnl\u00fck birer ekmek verilir ancak o da yenecek gibi de\u011fildir. Ertesi g\u00fcnlerde k\u0131\u015flan\u0131n kap\u0131s\u0131na yemek getiren k\u00f6yl\u00fclerden yiyecek sat\u0131n al\u0131rlar. \u015eehirdeki T\u00fcrklerden g\u00fcnl\u00fck iki kuru\u015fa yatak kiralarlar. Ate\u015f yakmak, yemek pi\u015firmek, bula\u015f\u0131k y\u0131kamak gibi\u00a0 g\u00fcndelik i\u015flerin yap\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in be\u015fer ki\u015filik gruplar olu\u015ftururlar. Yiyecek sat\u0131n almak i\u00e7in iki asker e\u015fli\u011finde bir ki\u015finin \u00e7ar\u015f\u0131ya gitmesi i\u00e7in izin al\u0131rlar. Topraktan ocak yap\u0131p kap kacak sat\u0131n al\u0131rlar, yava\u015f yava\u015f \u201cyerle\u015fmeye\u201d ba\u015flarlar. Hapistekilerin b\u00fcy\u00fck b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn yan\u0131nda para yoktur. \u0130htiyac\u0131 olanlara yard\u0131m etmek i\u00e7in bir komite kurarlar. Her hafta mahkumlardan toplanan belli bir mebla\u011f kimlikleri if\u015fa edilmeden paras\u0131 olmayanlara da\u011f\u0131t\u0131l\u0131r. Yava\u015f yava\u015f hapishane \u015fartlar\u0131na uyum sa\u011flarlar. So\u011fuk, pislik, uykusuzluk, bit korkusu, polislerin kabal\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi pek \u00e7ok s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131ya bir \u015fekilde katlan\u0131rlar ama belirsizlikle ba\u015fa \u00e7\u0131kmakta zorlan\u0131rlar. Neden buradayd\u0131lar ve kendilerine ne olacakt\u0131? Su\u00e7lar\u0131 devrimcilik olsayd\u0131 Ankaral\u0131 Katolik Acemyan\u2019\u0131n veya kuyumcular \u00e7ar\u015f\u0131s\u0131ndan \u0130stanbullu Dikran A\u011fa\u2019n\u0131n aralar\u0131nda ne i\u015fi vard\u0131? Tutuklananlar\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn yazar \u00e7izer, \u00f6\u011fretmen, doktor ve avukat oldu\u011fundan yola \u00e7\u0131karak entelekt\u00fcellerin topland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcrler ama aralar\u0131nda bir kasab\u0131n ya da kahvecinin ne i\u015fi oldu\u011funu merak etmekten kendilerini alamazlar. K\u0131sacas\u0131 \u201changi su\u00e7lamalarla, hangi \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fc, hangi tart\u0131 ve hangi yasayla hapis ve s\u00fcrg\u00fcn\u00fc hak ettik?\u201d sorusunun cevab\u0131n\u0131 bulmak i\u00e7in \u201cher g\u00fcn kafa patlat\u0131rlar\u201d.<\/p>\n

Sorunu \u00e7\u00f6zmek m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan yiyip, i\u00e7ip e\u011flenmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rlar. Durumun ciddiyetinin, i\u00e7inde bulunduklar\u0131 tehlikenin fark\u0131nda olmakla birlikte, birbirlerine kar\u015f\u0131 \u201cmoralli ve ne\u015feli bir ruh hali\u201d sergilerler.\u00a0 Keyifli vakitler ge\u00e7irirler. Tavla getirtirler, ka\u011f\u0131t oynarlar. Mektupla\u015fma izni \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131nda gazete ve kitap getirtirler. \u015eark\u0131 s\u00f6ylerler. Velhas\u0131l hapishane hayat\u0131n\u0131n s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 unutmak i\u00e7in ellerinden gelen her \u015feyi yaparlar. Her sabah iki kolunu iki b\u00f6\u011fr\u00fcne vurup\u00a0 horoz sesi \u00e7\u0131kararak onlar\u0131 uyand\u0131ran sayg\u0131n bir ki\u015fi de vard\u0131r aralar\u0131nda. Gigo\u2019nun\u00a0 (Krikor Torosian) g\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc her sabah kahkahalar aras\u0131nda okunur. Hapishanede olup biteni yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 defterini Nakka\u015fyan\u2019a emanet etmeyi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcr Gigo, ancak defter kendisi i\u00e7in o kadar de\u011ferlidir ki bir g\u00fcn kendisi yay\u0131mlayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u00fcmit ederek son anda vazge\u00e7er.\u00a0 Her sabah \u015eavar\u015f Krisyan\u2019\u0131n \u00f6\u011fretmenli\u011finde\u00a0 beden e\u011fitimi dersine kat\u0131l\u0131rlar.<\/p>\n

\u0130ki hafta sonra ko\u011fu\u015fa on iki tutuklu daha getirilir. Art\u0131k ko\u011fu\u015fa s\u0131\u011fmalar\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fildir. Yandaki ah\u0131r\u0131 temizlerler, aralar\u0131ndan yirmi ki\u015fi \u201caristokratlar ko\u011fu\u015funa\u201d ge\u00e7er. Art\u0131k iki ko\u011fu\u015f oldu\u011fundan ko\u011fu\u015flar birbirlerine misafirli\u011fe gidip gelir.\u00a0 Farkl\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f ve kanaatlere sahip\u00a0 tutuklular aras\u0131nda tart\u0131\u015fma hi\u00e7 eksik olmaz. Ko\u011fu\u015fa bir de kahve\/\u00e7ay odas\u0131 kurulur, b\u00f6ylece ko\u011fu\u015f bir kul\u00fcp g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcne b\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcr, tek farkla ki burada herkes yerde oturmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Ko\u011fu\u015fta oylama<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ko\u011fu\u015ftakiler \u00f6rg\u00fctlenmeye karar verince bir genel kurul toplay\u0131p oybirli\u011fiyle Karekin Hajak\u2019\u0131 ba\u015fkan se\u00e7erler.\u00a0 Hajak ba\u015fkanl\u0131k koltu\u011funa yani benzin bidonuna oturur, \u00e7e\u015fitli konularda tart\u0131\u015f\u0131rlar, isteyenler s\u00f6z al\u0131r,\u00a0 ko\u011fu\u015f adeta bir temsilciler meclisine d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr. Nerede olduklar\u0131n\u0131, etraflar\u0131n\u0131n s\u00fcng\u00fclerle ku\u015fat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bir anda unuturlar.\u00a0 Hapishaneyi y\u00f6netecek, temizlik ve d\u00fczeniyle ilgilenecek, yerel makamlar ve \u0130stanbul h\u00fck\u00fcmeti ile ili\u015fkileri y\u00fcr\u00fctecek Nakka\u015fyan\u2019\u0131n da \u00fcye oldu\u011fu be\u015f ki\u015fiden olu\u015fan\u00a0 bir y\u00f6netim se\u00e7ip,\u00a0 \u00c7ama\u015f\u0131r Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131, \u0130\u00e7i\u015fleri ve Bit Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi bakanl\u0131klar kurarlar.<\/p>\n

Y\u00f6netim Talat Pa\u015fa\u2019ya hitaben \u201cBiz masumuz, soru\u015fturulmam\u0131z\u0131 ve serbest b\u0131rak\u0131lmam\u0131z\u0131 istirham ederiz\u201d diye bir telgraf kaleme al\u0131r. Metin onaylanmak i\u00e7in genel kurula sunulunca \u201cistirham ederiz\u201d tabiri tart\u0131\u015fmaya neden olur. \u201cYalvarm\u0131yoruz\u201d diye ba\u011f\u0131r\u0131r biri. \u201cHakk\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 talep ediyoruz\u201d der Smpad P\u00fcrad. \u201cY\u00f6netim devrilmeli\u201d diye hayk\u0131r\u0131r bir di\u011feri. Sonunda liberal ve muhafazakarlardan olu\u015fan bu y\u00f6netim g\u00fcven oyu alamaz ve d\u00fc\u015fer, yerine liberallerden olu\u015fan yeni bir y\u00f6netim se\u00e7ilir. Yeni y\u00f6netim telgraf\u0131 \u201cistirham ederiz\u201d yerine \u201cmertli\u011finizden bekleriz\u201d s\u00f6zleriyle bitirir.\u00a0 Telgraf\u0131n amac\u0131na zarar vermemek i\u00e7in adlar\u0131 devrimciye \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015f olanlar yerine\u00a0 devrimci olmayan Nakka\u015fyan\u2019\u0131n imzalamas\u0131na karar verilir. Nakka\u015fyan, Aya\u015f tutuklular\u0131 ad\u0131na telgraf\u0131 imzalamas\u0131na imzalar ama tedbirli davranman\u0131n beyhude bir \u00e7abadan ibaret oldu\u011funu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcr, zira sorunun sadece \u201csiyasi aktivistleri veya devrimcileri de\u011fil t\u00fcm Ermenileri ilgilendirdi\u011fi\u201d kan\u0131s\u0131na varm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Sonu\u00e7ta kendisi bir Ermeni olarak mahkum edilmemi\u015f midir? T\u00fcm \u00e7abalar\u0131n bo\u015f oldu\u011funu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcr ve \u00f6ng\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc gibi telgraf\u0131n hi\u00e7bir etkisi olmaz.<\/p>\n

Korku, endi\u015fe, umutsuzluk<\/strong><\/p>\n

Hapishanede \u201ckriz g\u00fcnleri\u201d de ya\u015fan\u0131r. Paramaz ve arkada\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n as\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 haberi kendilerine ula\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ko\u011fu\u015fa umutsuzluk hakim olur. \u0130stanbul ve di\u011fer b\u00f6lgelerde tutuklama dalgalar\u0131n\u0131n s\u00fcrmekte oldu\u011funu duyarlar. Belli ki sorun \u201cmilletin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131yla\u201d ilgilidir. Yine de kadere g\u00fcvenerek k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck umutlarla kendilerini teselli etmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rlar. Aralar\u0131ndan baz\u0131lar\u0131na yarg\u0131lanmak i\u00e7in \u00e7e\u015fitli \u015fehirlere g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fclmesi emri gelir. Murad ve Marzpet (Hazar Hazaryan) Kayseri\u2019ye, Mihran A\u011facanyan \u0130stanbul\u2019a g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcr. Parseh \u015eahbaz\u2019\u0131n yarg\u0131lanmak \u00fczere Harput\u2019a g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fclmesi emri gelince \u201caristokratlar ko\u011fu\u015funda\u201d bir veda yeme\u011fi d\u00fczenlenir. Yiyip i\u00e7ip, g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fc\u015fe g\u00f6re ne\u015felenirler. Mahkemeye \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lacaklar\u0131 ve kendilerini savunma olana\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bulacaklar\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesiyle umutlan\u0131rlar. Ama i\u00e7ten i\u00e7e bunlar\u0131n bo\u015f umutlar oldu\u011funun fark\u0131ndad\u0131rlar. D\u0131\u015f d\u00fcnyadan sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 haber almak zordur. Nakka\u015fyan iki asker e\u015fli\u011finde al\u0131\u015fveri\u015f i\u00e7in pazara indi\u011finde, \u015fehirdeki bir T\u00fcrk t\u00fcccardan Kayseri yak\u0131nlar\u0131nda bir haftad\u0131r katliam ve s\u00fcrg\u00fcnlerin devam etti\u011fini, Merzifon Ermenilerinin ara\u00e7larla tahliye edildi\u011fini ve onlar\u0131 g\u00f6t\u00fcren ara\u00e7lar\u0131n iki saat sonra \u015fehre bo\u015f d\u00f6nd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc \u00f6\u011frenir.<\/p>\n

Doktor Nazaret Da\u011favaryan, Agnuni, Hajak, Sarkis Minasyan, Rupen Zartaryan ve Cang\u00fclyan\u2019\u0131n yarg\u0131lanmak i\u00e7in Diyarbak\u0131r\u2019a sevk edilmeleri talimat\u0131 geldi\u011finde derin bir umutsuzlu\u011fa s\u00fcr\u00fcklenirler. \u0130stanbul ve \u00e7evre illerde mahkemeler eksik de\u011filken\u00a0 Diyarbak\u0131r\u2019a sevk etmenin sadece bir bahane oldu\u011funu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcrler. Ertesi sabah bu alt\u0131 ki\u015finin \u201c\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn so\u011fuk ellerine teslim edilece\u011fini bildiklerinden\u201d o gece kimse uyuyamaz.\u00a0 O sabah\u0131 \u201ct\u00fcm sabahlar\u0131n en \u00f6l\u00fcmc\u00fcl\u00fc olarak\u201d tan\u0131mlar Nakka\u015fyan. \u201cBu asil \u015fahsiyetleri bir daha asla g\u00f6remeyece\u011fimizi biliyorduk\u201d der. Polis onlar\u0131 g\u00f6t\u00fcrmeye geldi\u011finde hapishanenin kap\u0131s\u0131nda toplan\u0131p g\u00f6zya\u015flar\u0131 i\u00e7inde veda ederler. Birka\u00e7 g\u00fcn sonra Zartaryan\u2019\u0131n g\u00f6nderdi\u011fi karttan Ankara zindan\u0131nda iki g\u00fcn kald\u0131ktan sonra Eski\u015fehir\u2019e g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fcklerini \u00f6\u011frenirler. Onlardan birka\u00e7 g\u00fcn \u00f6nce, Krikor Zohrab ve Vartkes Sereng\u00fclyan da yarg\u0131lanmak \u00fczere Diyarbak\u0131r\u2019a g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcrken oradan ge\u00e7mi\u015flerdir. Bu haber kafalar\u0131nda \u201cg\u00f6k g\u00fcr\u00fclt\u00fcs\u00fc gibi \u00e7\u0131nlar.\u201d Zira s\u0131ra \u201cb\u00fcy\u00fck\u201d Zohrab\u2019a ve \u201cyenilmez\u201d Vartkes\u2019e bile gelmi\u015f, onlara bile sald\u0131rmaya c\u00fcret edilmi\u015ftir. \u201cEhil, n\u00fcfuzlu ve halk\u0131n oylar\u0131yla se\u00e7ilmi\u015f vekiller olan bu\u00a0 hukuk\u00e7ular kendilerini bu \u00f6l\u00fcmc\u00fcl ellere kar\u015f\u0131\u201d savunamam\u0131\u015flarsa umutlu olmak i\u00e7in neden kalmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r: \u201cTesellimiz ve deste\u011fimiz olan k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck umutlar tamamen yok oldu. Sanki g\u00fcne\u015f kararm\u0131\u015f ve ay y\u00fcz\u00fcn\u00fc kapatm\u0131\u015f gibiydi\u201d. Umutlar\u0131n\u0131n s\u00f6nmesiyle hapishane hayat\u0131 \u00e7ekilmez hale gelir.<\/p>\n

Ayn\u0131 g\u00fcnlerde \u015fehirde\u00a0 tepeden t\u0131rna\u011fa silahl\u0131 ve bir t\u00fcr \u00fcniforma giymi\u015f ki\u015filerle kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131r Nakka\u015fyan. Bu ki\u015filerin Ermenilere kar\u015f\u0131 kurulmu\u015f \u00e7etenin \u00fcyeleri oldu\u011funu \u00f6\u011frenir. Ankaral\u0131 bir T\u00fcrk de \u00e7eteye kaydolmak istedi\u011fini s\u00f6yleyince,\u00a0 \u201cKime kar\u015f\u0131 \u00f6rg\u00fctleniyor\u201d bu \u00e7ete diye sorar. \u201cKime kar\u015f\u0131 olacak, Ermenilere kar\u015f\u0131\u201d der adam kay\u0131ts\u0131zca. Hapishaneyi koruyan m\u00fcfrezenin komutan\u0131 da hapishaneyi korumak zorunda oldu\u011fundan kenarda kald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcp \u015fikayet eder. Balkan Sava\u015flar\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda Edirne y\u00f6resindeki altm\u0131\u015f k\u00f6y\u00fc H\u0131ristiyanlardan temizleyen \u00e7etecilerden biri oldu\u011funu gururla anlat\u0131r Nakka\u015fyan\u2019a. Haziran ay\u0131 geldi\u011finde al\u0131nan mektuplarda ima edilen bilgiler ve askerlerin anlatt\u0131\u011f\u0131 hikayeler duruma \u0131\u015f\u0131k tutar mahiyettedir. Hapistekiler art\u0131k \u201cher g\u00fcn, her an\u201d s\u0131ran\u0131n kendilerine gelmesini beklemektedir.<\/p>\n

Nakka\u015fyan\u2019\u0131n serbest kalmas\u0131<\/strong>
\n2 Temmuz sabah\u0131 Nakka\u015fyan hen\u00fcz al\u0131\u015fveri\u015ften d\u00f6nm\u00fc\u015f ve ald\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 ilgili gruplar\u0131n temsilcilerine da\u011f\u0131t\u0131yordur\u00a0 ki\u00a0 elindeki telgraf\u0131 sallayarak \u201cSize iyi haber\u201d diye ba\u011f\u0131ran bir \u00e7avu\u015fun kendilerine do\u011fru yakla\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcrler. Kimse k\u0131p\u0131rdamaz, kimse elini uzatmaz, ta ki \u00e7avu\u015f telgraf\u0131 Nakka\u015fyan\u2019a verene kadar. Nakka\u015fyan ka\u011f\u0131d\u0131 tutamaz, elinden kay\u0131p yere d\u00fc\u015fen telgraf\u0131 Jak Sayabalyan al\u0131p okur. A\u011fabeyi Nakka\u015fyan\u2019a Ankara\u2019da hakk\u0131nda tahliye karar\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131\u00a0 bildirmektedir. \u0130ki z\u0131t duyguyu, sevin\u00e7 ve h\u00fczn\u00fc, ayn\u0131 anda \u00e7ok yo\u011fun bir bi\u00e7imde ya\u015far Nakka\u015fyan. Mutludur, hatta \u00e7ok mutludur, zira orada ge\u00e7en her dakikan\u0131n kendisini \u00f6l\u00fcme g\u00f6t\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn fark\u0131ndad\u0131r. \u00dczg\u00fcnd\u00fcr, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc orada tan\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131, sevdi\u011fi ve sayg\u0131 duydu\u011fu\u00a0 yolda\u015flar\u0131n\u0131, arkada\u015flar\u0131n\u0131 b\u0131rakacak, \u00fc\u00e7 ayd\u0131r aile oca\u011f\u0131 haline gelen bu yerden ayr\u0131lacakt\u0131r. Onlar\u0131n ak\u0131betini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmek sevincini yasa \u00e7evirir. Kendisini sevin\u00e7le u\u011furlayan arkada\u015flar\u0131na. \u201cYak\u0131nda s\u0131ra size gelecek\u201d der. \u201cBiz de gelece\u011fiz\u201d diye seslenir Sayabalyan. Gigo defterini kendisinin getirece\u011fini s\u00f6yler. \u201cNe\u015fe, h\u00fcz\u00fcn, umut ve ac\u0131\u201d i\u00e7inde ayr\u0131l\u0131r Nakka\u015fyan.<\/p>\n

Aya\u015f\u2019ta kalanlar\u0131n ak\u0131beti ve Mustafa Re\u015fat Bey\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

Nakka\u015fyan cezaevinden \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131nda oradaki 82 (**)\u00a0 ki\u015fiden geriye 54\u2019\u00fc kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Kimi sal\u0131verilmi\u015f, kimi farkl\u0131 yerlere nakledilmi\u015ftir. Sekiz ay sonra Aya\u015f\u2019tan \u00fcnl\u00fc bir T\u00fcrk \u0130stanbul\u2019a geldi\u011finde Nakka\u015fyan\u2019\u0131 bulur ve kendisi ayr\u0131ld\u0131ktan sonra otuz arkada\u015f\u0131n\u0131n Ankara\u2019ya g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcp buradaki Ermeni n\u00fcfusu ile birlikte yola \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131ld\u0131ktan birka\u00e7 saat sonra \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fcklerini, geriye kalan yirmi d\u00f6rt ki\u015fiyi ise Ankara\u2019dan gelen bir komiserin elleri ba\u011fl\u0131 bir \u015fekilde iki saat uzakl\u0131ktaki Aya\u015f Beli\u2019ne g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcp orada \u00f6ld\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc anlat\u0131r. Komiser kendi tabancas\u0131yla her birini ba\u015f\u0131ndan vurmu\u015f ve \u00fczerlerindeki 12 saat, 150 alt\u0131n lira ile kurbanlar\u0131n\u0131n giysilerini de al\u0131p gitmi\u015ftir.\u00a0 Jak Sayabalyan, Nerses\u00a0 Zakaryan, Vram\u015fabuh Samuelov, Aristakes Kasparyan ve Smpat P\u00fcrad da bu son gruptad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

1919 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u0130stanbul Siyasi Polis M\u00fcd\u00fcr\u00fc Mustafa Re\u015fat Bey, Malta\u2019ya s\u00fcr\u00fclmek \u00fczere tutukland\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, onu Aya\u015f\u2019tan kurtaran\u0131n kendisi oldu\u011funu iddia ederek kendisi lehine tan\u0131kl\u0131k etmesi i\u00e7in Nakka\u015fyan\u2019la temasa ge\u00e7er. Nakka\u015fyan\u00a0 Re\u015fat Bey\u2019e kendisi i\u00e7in yapt\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n fazla \u00f6nemi olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc \u00f6ld\u00fcrd\u00fckleri aras\u0131nda kendisinden \u00e7ok daha de\u011ferli ki\u015filer bulundu\u011funu s\u00f6yleyerek bu teklifi reddeder.<\/p>\n

(*)Avedis Nakka\u015fyan Ayashi Pand\u011b (Aya\u015f Hapishanesi), Boston: Hayrenik, 1925.<\/em><\/p>\n

(*)\u00a0<\/em>\u0130stanbul\u2019da k\u00f6pek toplay\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 yapan Artin Asaduryan ayn\u0131 adl\u0131\u00a0 biri yerine tutuklan\u0131p Aya\u015f\u2019a getirilmi\u015ftir. Nakka\u015fyan\u2019\u0131n Talat Pa\u015fa\u2019ya yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 telgraf sonucunda serbest b\u0131rak\u0131l\u0131r. Bu\u00a0 y\u00fczden 83 olan tutuklu say\u0131s\u0131 82\u2019ye d\u00fc\u015fer.<\/em><\/p>\n

https:\/\/www.agos.com.tr\/tr\/yazi\/27009\/doktor-avedis-nakkasyanin-ayas-hapishanesi-anilari\u00a0<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Arus Yumul Doktor Avedis Nakka\u015fyan Ermeni ayd\u0131nlar\u0131n 24 Nisan 1915\u2019te \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131ld\u0131klar\u0131 \u00f6l\u00fcm yolculu\u011funa ilk elden tan\u0131k olan isimlerden biri. Siyaset bilimci ve sosyolog Prof. Dr. Arus Yumul Nakka\u015fyan\u2019\u0131n 1925\u2019te Boston\u2019da Ermenice yay\u0131nlanan an\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 Agos okurlar\u0131 i\u00e7in derledi. \u201c24 Nisan 1915 modern Ermeni tarihi i\u00e7in\u00a0 \u00f6nemli bir g\u00fcn olarak kalacakt\u0131r\u201d \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fcs\u00fcyle ba\u015flar Doktor Avedis Nakka\u015fyan 1925 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":68242,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[79,44,1,54],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-68241","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-anilar-anilar","category-ermeni-soykirimi","category-haberler","category-kitaplar-elestiriler"],"yoast_head":"\nDoktor Avedis Nakka\u015fyan\u2019\u0131n Aya\u015f Hapishanesi an\u0131lar\u0131 - Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/akunq.net\/tr\/?p=68241\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Doktor Avedis Nakka\u015fyan\u2019\u0131n Aya\u015f Hapishanesi an\u0131lar\u0131 - Bati Ermenistan Ve Bati Ermenileri Sorunlari Ara\u015ftirmalar Merkezi\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Arus Yumul Doktor Avedis Nakka\u015fyan Ermeni ayd\u0131nlar\u0131n 24 Nisan 1915\u2019te \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131ld\u0131klar\u0131 \u00f6l\u00fcm yolculu\u011funa ilk elden tan\u0131k olan isimlerden biri. 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